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Open English Bible
NT, Psalms
and selected Old Testament books
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Open English Bible NT, Psalms and selected Old Testament books Preface
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Table of Contents
Open English Bible
Ruth
The book of Ruth
Ruth
The book of
Ruth
Naomi and Ruth
In
the
time
when
the
judges
ruled,
there
was
once
a
famine
in
the
land.
A
man
from
Bethlehem
in
Judah
took
his
wife
and
two
sons
to
live
in
the
territory
of
Moab.
His
name
was
Elimelech
and
his
wife’s
was
Naomi,
and
his
two
sons
were
Mahlon
and
Chilion.
They
were
Ephrathites
from
Bethlehem
in
Judah.
After
they
had
been
living
in
Moab
for
some
time,
Elimelech
died,
and
Naomi
was
left
with
her
two
sons,
who
married
Moabite
women
named
Orpah
and
Ruth.
After
they
had
lived
there
about
ten
years,
Mahlon
and
Chilion
both
died,
and
Naomi
was
left
alone,
without
husband
or
sons.
So
she
set
out
with
her
daughters-in-law
to
return
from
the
land
of
Moab,
for
she
had
heard
that
the
Lord
had
remembered
his
people
and
given
them
food.
As
they
were
setting
out
together
on
the
journey
to
Judah,
Naomi
said
to
her
daughters-in-law, “Go,
return
both
of
you
to
the
home
of
your
mother.
May
the
Lord
be
kind
to
you
as
you
have
been
kind
to
the
dead
and
to
me.
The
Lord
grant
that
each
of
you
may
find
peace
and
happiness
in
the
house
of
a
new
husband.”
Then
she
kissed
them;
but
they
began
to
weep
aloud
and
said
to
her, “No,
we
will
return
with
you
to
your
people.”
But
Naomi
said, “Go
back,
my
daughters.
Why
should
you
go
with
me?
Can
I
still
bear
sons
who
might
become
your
husbands?
Go
back,
my
daughters,
go
your
own
way,
because
I
am
too
old
to
have
a
husband.
Even
if
I
should
say, ‘I
have
hope,’
even
if
I
should
have
a
husband
tonight
and
should
bear
sons,
would
you
wait
for
them
until
they
were
grown
up?
Would
you
remain
single
for
them?
No,
my
daughters!
My
heart grieves
for
you,
for
the
Lord
has
sent
me
adversity.”
Then
they
again
wept
aloud,
and
Orpah
kissed
her
mother-in-law goodbye,
but
Ruth
stayed
with
her.
“Look,”
said
Naomi, “your
sister-in-law
is
going
back
to
her
own
people
and
to
her
own
gods.
Go
along
with
her!”
But
Ruth
answered, “Do
not
urge
me
to
leave
you
or
to
go
back.
I
will
go
where
you
go,
and
I
will
stay
wherever
you
stay.
Your
people
will
be
my
people,
and
your
God
my
God;
I
will
die
where
you
die,
and
be
buried
there.
May
the
Lord
bring
a
curse
upon
me,
if
anything
but
death
separate
you
and
me.”
When
Naomi
saw
that
Ruth
was
determined
to
go
with
her,
she
ceased
urging
her
to
return.
So
they
journeyed
on
until
they
came
to
Bethlehem.
Their
arrival
stirred
the
whole
town,
and
the
women
said, “Can
this
be
Naomi?”
“Do
not
call
me
Naomi,”
she
said
to
them, “call
me
Mara
1.20
In Hebrew “Naomi” means “pleasant,” and “Mara” means “bitter.”,
for
the
Almighty
has
given
me
a
bitter
lot.
I
had
plenty
when
I
left,
but
the
Lord
has
brought
me
back
empty
handed.
Why
should
you
call
me
Naomi,
now
that
the
Lord
has
afflicted
me,
and
the
Almighty
has
brought
misfortune
on
me?”
So
Naomi
and
Ruth,
her
Moabite
daughter-in-law,
returned
from
Moab.
They
reached
Bethlehem
at
the
beginning
of
the
barley
harvest.
In the Fields of Boaz
Now
Naomi
was
related
through
her
husband
to
a
very
wealthy
man
of
the
family
of
Elimelech
named
Boaz.
Ruth
the
Moabite
said
to
Naomi, “Let
me
now
go
into
the
fields
and
gather leftover
grain
behind
anyone
who
will
allow
me.”
“Go,
my
daughter,”
she
replied.
So
she
went
to
glean
in
the
field
after
the
reapers.
As
it
happened,
she
was
in
that
part
of
the
field
which
belonged
to
Boaz,
who
was
of
the
family
of
Elimelech.
When
Boaz
came
from
Bethlehem
and
said
to
the
reapers, “The
Lord
be
with
you,”
they
answered
him, “May
the
Lord
bless
you.”
“Whose
girl
is
this?”
Boaz
asked
his
servant
who
had
charge
of
the
reapers.
The
servant
who
had
charge
of
the
reapers
replied, “It
is
the
Moabite
girl
who
came
back
with
Naomi
from
the
territory
of
Moab.
She
asked
to
be
allowed
to
glean
and
gather
sheaves
after
the
reapers.
So
she
came
and
has
continued
to
work
until
now
and
she
has
not
rested
a
moment
in
the
field.”
Then
Boaz
said
to
Ruth, “Listen,
my
daughter.
Do
not
go
to
glean
in
another
field
nor
leave
this
place,
but
stay
here
with
my
girls.
Watch
where
the
men
are
reaping
and
follow
the gleaners.
I
have
told
the
young
men
not
to
trouble
you.
When
you
are
thirsty,
go
to
the
jars
and
drink
of
that
which
the
young
men
have
drawn.”
Then
she
bowed
low
and
said
to
him, “Why
are
you
so
kind
to
me,
to
take
interest
in
me
when
I
am
just
a
foreigner?”
Boaz
replied, “I
have
heard
what
you
have
done
for
your
mother-in-law
since
the
death
of
your
husband,
and
how
you
left
your
father
and
mother
and
your
native
land
to
come
to
a
people
that
you
did
not
know
before.
May
the
Lord
repay
you
for
what
you
have
done,
and
may
you
be
fully
rewarded
by
the
God
of
Israel,
under
whose
wings
you
have
come
to
take
refuge.”
Then
she
said, “I
trust
I
may
please
you,
my
lord,
for
you
have
comforted
me
and
spoken
kindly
to
your
servant,
although
I
am
not
really
equal
to
one
of
your
own
servants.”
At
mealtime
Boaz
said
to
Ruth, “Come
here
and
eat
some
of
the
food
and
dip
your
piece
of
bread
in
the
vinegar.”
So
she
sat
beside
the
reapers,
and
he
passed
her
some
roasted
grain.
She
ate
until
she
was
satisfied
and
had
some
left.
When
she
rose
to
glean,
Boaz
gave
this
order
to
his
young
men: “Let
her
glean
even
among
the
sheaves
and
do
not
disturb
her.
Also
pull
out
some
for
her
from
the
bundles
and
leave
for
her
to
glean,
and
do
not
find
fault
with
her.”
So
she
gleaned
in
the
field
until
evening,
then
beat
out
what
she
had
gleaned.
It
was
about
a
bushel
of
barley.
Then
she
took
it
up
and
went
into
the
town
and
showed
her
mother-in-law
what
she
had
gleaned.
She
also
brought
out
and
gave
her
that
which
she
had
left
from
her
meal
after
she
had
had
enough.
“Where
did
you
glean
today,
and
where
did
you
work?”
asked
her
mother-in-law. “A
blessing
on
him
who
took
notice
of
you!”
So
she
told
her
mother-in-law
where
she
had
worked. “The
name
of
the
man
with
whom
I
worked
today,”
she
said, “is
Boaz.”
Naomi
said
to
her
daughter-in-law, “May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord
rest
on
this
man
who
has
not
ceased
to
show
his loving-kindness
to
the
living
and
to
the
dead.
The
man,”
she
added, “is
a
near relation
of
ours.”
“He
told
me,”
Ruth
said, “that
I
must
keep
near
his
young
men
until
they
have
completed
all
his
harvest.”
Naomi
said
to
Ruth, “It
is
best,
my
daughter,
that
you
should
go
out
with
his
girls
because
you
might
not
be
as
safe
in
another
field.”
So
she
gleaned
with
the
girls
of
Boaz
until
the
end
of
the
barley
and
wheat
harvest;
but
she
lived
with
her
mother-in-law.
Night and morning
One
day,
Naomi
said
to
Ruth, “My
daughter,
should
I
not
seek
to
secure
a
home
for
you
where
you
will
be
happy
and
prosperous?
Is
not
Boaz,
with
whose
girls
you
have
been,
a
relative
of
ours?
Tonight
he
is
going
to
winnow
barley
on
the threshing-floor.
So
bathe
and
anoint
yourself
and
put
on
your
best
clothes
and
go
down
to
the threshing-floor.
But
do
not
make
yourself
known
to
the
man
until
he
has
finished
eating
and
drinking.
Then
when
he
lies
down,
mark
the
place
where
he
lies.
Go
in,
uncover
his
feet,
lie
down,
and
then
he
will
tell
you
what
to
do.”
“I
will
do
as
you
say.”
Ruth
said
to
her.
So
she
went
down
to
the threshing-floor
and
did
just
as
her
mother-in-law
told
her.
When
Boaz
had
finished
eating
and
drinking
and
was
in
a
happy mood,
he
went
to
lie
down
at
the
end
of
the
heap
of
grain.
Then
Ruth
came
quietly
and
uncovered
his
feet
and
lay
down.
At
midnight
the
man
was
startled
and
turned
over,
and
there
was
a
woman
lying
at
his
feet!
“Who
are
you?”
he
said. “I
am
Ruth
your
servant,”
she
answered, “Spread
your
cloak
over
your
servant,
for
you
are
a
near
relative.”
He
said, “May
you
be blest
by
the
Lord,
my
daughter.
You
have
shown
me
greater
favor
now
than
at
first,
for
you
have
not
followed
young
men,
whether
poor
or
rich.
My
daughter,
have
no
fear.
I
will
do
for
you
all
that
you
ask,
for
the
whole
town
knows
that
you
are
a
virtuous
woman.
Now
it
is
true
that
I
am
a
near
relative,
but
there
is
another
man
nearer
than
I.
Stay
here
tonight,
and
then
in
the
morning,
if
he
will
perform
for
you
the
duty
of
a
kinsman,
well,
let
him
do
it.
But
if
he
will
not
perform
for
you
the
duty
of
a
kinsman,
then
as
surely
as
the
Lord
lives,
I
will
do
it
for
you.
Lie
down
until
morning.”
So
she
lay
at
his
feet
until
morning,
but
rose
before
anyone
could
recognize
her,
for
Boaz
said, “No
one
must
know
that
a
woman
came
to
the threshing-floor.”
He
also
said, “Bring
the
cloak
which
you
have
on
and
hold
it.”
So
she
held
it
while
he
poured
into
it
six
measures
of
barley
and
laid
it
on
her
shoulders.
Then
he
went
into
the
city.
When
Ruth
came
to
her
mother-in-law,
Naomi
asked, “Is
it
you,
my
daughter?”
Then
Ruth
told
Naomi
all
that
the
man
had
done
for
her.
“He
gave
me
these
six
measures
of
barley,”
she
said, “for
he
said
I
should
not
go
to
my
mother-in-law
empty-handed.”
“Wait
quietly,
my
daughter.”
Naomi
said, “Until
you
know
how
the
affair
will
turn
out,
for
the
man
will
not
rest
unless
he
settles
it
all
today.”
Then
Boaz
went
up
to
the
gate
and
sat
down.
Just
then
the
near
kinsman
of
whom
Boaz
had
spoken
came
along.
Boaz
said, “Hello, So-and-so (calling
him
by
name),
come
here
and
sit
down.”
So
he
stopped
and
sat
down.
Boaz
also
took
ten
of
the
town
elders
and
said, “Sit
down
here.”
So
they
sat
down.
Then
he
said
to
the
near
relative, “Naomi,
who
has
come
back
from
the
country
of
Moab,
is
offering
for
sale
the
piece
of
land
which
belonged
to
our
relative
Elimelech,
and
I
thought
that
I
would
lay
the
matter
before
you, suggesting
that
you
buy
it
in
the
presence
of
these
men
who
sit
here
and
of
the
elders
of
my
people.
If
you
will
buy
it
and
so
keep
it
in
the
possession
of
the
family,
do
so;
but
if
not;
then
tell
me,
so
that
I
may
know;
for
no
one
but
you
has
the
right
to
buy
it,
and
I
am
next
to
you.”
“I
will
buy
it,”
he
said.
Then
Boaz
said, “On
the
day
you
buy
the
field
from
Naomi,
you
must
also
marry
Ruth
the
Moabite,
the
widow
of
the
dead,
in
order
to
preserve
the
name
of
the
dead
in
connection
with
his
inheritance.”
“I
cannot
buy
it
for
myself
without
spoiling
my
own
inheritance,”
the
near
relative
said. “You
take
my
right
of
buying
it
as
a
relative,
because
I
cannot
do
so.”
Now
this
used
to
be
the
custom
in
Israel:
to
make
valid
anything
relating
to
a
matter
of
redemption
or
exchange,
a
man
drew
off
his
sandal
and
gave
it
to
the
other
man;
and
this
was
the
way contracts
were attested
in
Israel.
So
when
the
near
relative
said
to
Boaz, “Buy
it
for
yourself,”
Boaz
drew
off
the
man’s
sandal.
Then
Boaz
said
to
the
elders
and
to
all
the
people, “You
are
witnesses
at
this
time
that
I
have
bought
all
that
was
Elimelech’s
and
all
that
was
Chilion’s
and
Mahlon’s
from
Naomi.
Moreover
I
have
secured
Ruth
the
Moabite,
the
wife
of
Mahlon,
to
be
my
wife,
in
order
to perpetuate
the
name
of
the
dead
in
connection
with
his
inheritance,
so
that
his
name
will
not
disappear
from
among
his
relatives
and
from
the
household
where
he
lived.
You
are
witnesses
this
day.”
Then
all
the
people
who
were
at
the
gate
and
the
elders
said, “We
are
witnesses.
May
the
Lord
make
the
woman
who
is
coming
into
your
house
like
Rachel
and
Leah,
who
together
built
the
house
of
Israel.
May
you
do
well
in Ephrata,
and
become
famous
in
Bethlehem.
From
the
children
whom
the
Lord
will
give
you
by
this
young
woman
may
your
household
become
like
the
household
of
Perez,
whom
Tamar
bore
to
Judah.”
So
Boaz
married
Ruth,
and
she
became
his
wife;
and
the
Lord
gave
to
her
a
son.
Then
the
women
said
to
Naomi, “Blessed
be
the
Lord
who
has
not
left
you
at
this
time
without
a
near
relative,
and
may
his
name
be
famous
in
Israel.
This
child
will
restore
your
vigor
and
nourish
you
in
your
old
age;
for
your
daughter-in-law
who
loves
you,
who
is
worth
more
to
you
than
seven
sons,
has
borne
a
son
to
Boaz!”
So
Naomi
took
the
child
in
her
arms
and
cared
for
him
as
if
he
was
her
own.
The
women
of
the neighborhood
gave
him
a
name,
saying, “A
son
is
born
to
Naomi!”
They
named
him
Obed.
He
became
the
father
of
Jesse,
who
was
the
father
of
David.
Genealogy
This
is
the
genealogy
of
Perez:
Perez
was
the
father
of
Hezron,
Hezron
of
Ram,
Ram
of
Amminadab,
Amminidab
of Nashon,
Nashon
of
Salmon,
Salmon
of
Boaz,
Boaz
of
Obed,
Obed
of
Jesse,
Jesse
of
David.
Open English Bible
Esther
The Book of Esther
Esther
The Book of
Esther
The Follies of a Despot
These
events
happened
in
the
time
of
Ahasuerus,
who
ruled
over
a
hundred
and
twenty-seven
provinces
from
India
to
Ethiopia
from
his
royal
throne
in
the
fortified
palace
of
Susa.
In
the
third
year
of
his
reign,
the
king
gave
a
feast
for
all
his
officers
and courtiers.
The
commanders
of
the
military
forces
of
Persia
and
Media,
the
nobles
and provincial
rulers
were
present
while
for
one
hundred
and
eighty
days
he
showed
them
the
glorious
riches
of
his
kingdom
and
the costliness
of
his
magnificent regalia.
When
these
days
were
ended,
the
king
held
a
banquet
for
all
the
people
who
were
present
in
the
royal
palace
at
Susa,
high
and
low
alike.
It
was
a
seven
days’
feast
in
the
enclosed
garden
of
the
royal
palace.
There
were
white
and
violet cotton
curtains
fastened
to
silver
rings
and
pillars
of
marble
with
cords
of
fine
purple
wool
and
linen.
The
couches
were
of
gold
and
silver
placed
upon
a
mosaic
pavement
of
alabaster,
white
marble,
mother-of-pearl,
and
dark
stone.
Drink
was
brought
in
vessels
of
gold –
which
were
all
different –
and
the
king’s
wine
was
provided
with
royal liberality.
The
drinking
was
unrestricted,
for
the
king
had
directed
all
the
officers
of
his
household
to
let
each
man
do
as
he
pleased.
Queen
Vashti
also
gave
a
feast
for
the
women
in
the
King
Ahasuerus’
royal
palace.
On
the
seventh
day,
when
the
king
was
merry
with
wine,
he
commanded
Mehuman,
Biztha,
Harbona,
Bigtha,
Abagtha, Zathar
and
Carkas,
his
seven
eunuch
attendants
to
bring
Queen
Vashti
before
him
with
the
royal
diadem
on
her
head,
to
show
her
beauty
to
the
people
and
the
officials,
for
she
was
very
beautiful.
But
Queen
Vashti
refused
to
come
as
the
king
commanded
through
the
eunuchs.
Then
the
king
became
very
angry
and
his
fury
burned
within
him.
The
king
turned
to
the
wise
men
who
knew
the precedents,
for
it
was
his
custom
to confer
with
those
wise
in
law.
Those
next
to
him
were
Carshena,
Shethar,
Admatha,
Tarshish,
Meres,
Marsena
and
Memucan,
seven
officials
of
Persia
and
Media
who
had
access
to
the
king
and
were
highest
in
the
kingdom.
“Queen
Vashti”,
the
king
said, “has
failed
to
obey
my
royal
command –
the
command
of
King
Ahasuerus
conveyed
through
the
eunuchs!
What
does
the
law
say
should
be
done
to
her?”
Memucan
replied
before
the
king
and
the
officials, “Queen
Vashti
has
done
wrong
not
only
to
the
king
but
also
to
all
the
officials
and
to
all
the
peoples
in
all
of
the
king’s
provinces.
The refusal
of
the
queen
will
be
reported
to
all
the
women
with
the
result
that
it
will
make
them
despise
their
husbands.
They
will
say, ‘King
Ahasuerus
commanded
Queen
Vashti
to
be
brought
in
before
him,
but
she
did
not
come!’
This
very
day
the
ladies
of
Persia
and
Media
who
have
heard
of
the refusal
of
the
queen
will
tell
it
to
all
the
king’s
officials,
and
there
will
be
contempt
and
strife!
If
it
seems
best
to
the
king,
let
him
send
out
a
royal
edict.
Let
it
be
written
among
the
laws
of
Persia
and
Media,
never
to
be
repealed,
that
Vashti
may
never
again
come
before
King
Ahasuerus.
Let
the
king
give
her
place
as
queen
to
another
who
is
more
worthy
than
she.
When
the
king’s
decree
which
he
makes
is
heard
throughout
his
kingdom –
great
as
it
is –
the
wives
of
all classes
will
give
honor
to
their
husbands.”
The
proposal
pleased
the
king
and
the
officials,
and
the
king
did
as
Memucan
advised.
He
sent
letters
to
all
the
provinces,
to
every
province
in
its
own system
of
writing
and
to
every
people
in
their
language,
that
every
man
should
be
master
in
his
own
house!
Choosing a Queen
Some
time
later,
when
the
wrath
of
King
Ahasuerus
had
subsided,
he
remembered
what
Vashti
had
done
and
what
had
been
decreed
against
her.
Then
the
king’s
servants
who
waited
upon
him
said, “Let
beautiful
young
virgins
be
sought
for
the
king,
and
let
the
king
appoint
commissioners
to
all
the
provinces
of
his
kingdom
to
gather
them
all
to
Susa
the
royal
residence.
Let
them
be
brought
into
the
women’s
quarters
under
the
custody
of
Hegai,
the
king’s
eunuch,
who
has
charge
of
the
women.
Then
give
them
what
is
needed
to
make
them
beautiful,
and
let
the
girl
who
pleases
the
king
be
queen
instead
of
Vashti.”
The
proposal
pleased
the
king
so
he
put
it
into
action.
In
Susa
the
royal
residence
lived
a
Jew
named
Mordecai.
He
was
son
of
Jair,
son
of
Shimei,
son
of
Kish,
a
Benjamite.
(Kish
had
been
carried
away
from
Jerusalem
with
the
exiles
who
were
deported
with
Jeconiah
king
of
Judah,
whom
Nebuchadnezzar
the
king
of
Babylon
took
captive.)
Mordecai
had
adopted
Hadassah,
that
is,
Esther,
his
uncle’s
daughter,
since
she
had
neither
father
nor
mother.
The
girl
was shapely
and
beautiful;
and
after
her
father
and
mother
died,
Mordecai
raised
her
as
if
she
was
his
own
daughter.
When
the
king’s
command
and
decree
were
known,
many
girls
were
gathered
together
to
Susa
the
capital
under
the
custody
of
Hegai.
Esther
was
also
taken
into
the
king’s
palace
and
placed
under
the
custody
of
Hegai,
who
had
charge
of
the
women.
The
girl
pleased
him
and
gained
his
favor,
so
that
he
quickly
gave
her
the
cosmetics
she
needed
to enhance
her
beauty
and
her
allowance
of
food
and
the
seven
maids
selected
from
the
king’s
household.
He
also
transferred
her
and
her
maids
to
the
best
place
in
the
harem.
Esther
had
not
revealed
her
people
nor
her
family background
because
Mordecai
had
ordered
her
not
to.
Every
day
Mordecai
would
to
walk
in
front
of
the
courtyard
of
the
harem
and
ask
after
Esther’s
health
and
what
was happening
to
her.
The
girls
were
prepared
for
meeting
King
Ahasuerus
for
twelve
months:
six
months
being
treated
with
oil
of
myrrh
and
six
months
with
perfumes
and
cosmetics.
After
the
twelve
months,
each
girl
went
in
to
the
king.
She
was
allowed
to
take
with
her
whatever
she
wished
from
the
women’s
quarters,
and
would
enter
the
palace
in
the
evening
and
return
the
next
morning
to
another
part
of
the
harem
under
the
care
of
the
king’s
eunuch
Shaashgaz
who
was
in
charge
of
concubines.
She
would
not
go
to
the
king
again
unless
he
desired
her
and
summoned
her
by
name.
When
it
was
the
turn
of
Esther (the
girl
adopted
by
Mordecai,
daughter
of
his
uncle
Abihail)
to
go
in
to
the
king,
she
only
took
with
her
those
things
that
Hegai,
the
king’s
eunuch
in
charge
of
the
women,
had
advised
her
to
take.
Esther
was
liked
by
all
who
saw
her.
Esther
was
taken
to
King
Ahasuerus
in
the
royal
palace
in
the
tenth
month,
the
month
of
Tebeth,
in
the
seventh
year
of
his
reign.
And
the
king
loved
her
more
than
all
the
other
women,
and
she
became
his
favorite
and
won
his
affection.
He
placed
the
royal
diadem
on
her
head
and
made
her
queen
instead
of
Vashti.
Then
the
king
gave
a
great
feast
to
all
his
officials
and courtiers
in
honor
of
Esther,
and
he remitted
the
taxes
of
the
provinces
and
distributed
gifts
with
royal liberality.
All
the
time
the
virgins
were
assembled
again,
Mordecai
was
sitting
as
an offical
at
the
king’s
gate.
Esther
had
not
revealed
her
people
or
family background
because
she
still
obeyed
him
as
she
had
when
he
was
bringing
her
up.
Hatred
without
Pity
In
those
days
while
Mordecai
was
sitting
in
the
king’s
gate,
two
of
the
royal
court
attendants,
Bigthan
and
Teresh,
who
guarded
the
entrance
of
the
palace,
became
enraged
and
attempted
to
kill
King
Ahasuerus.
But
Mordecai
learned
of
the
conspiracy
and
disclosed
it
to
Queen
Esther,
and
she
told
the
king
on
Mordecai’s
behalf.
When
the
affair
was
investigated
and
the facts
discovered,
the
conspirators
were
both
hanged
on
the
gallows.
The incident
was
recorded
in
the
presence
of
the
king
in
the
daily
record
of
events.
After
these
events
King
Ahasuerus
promoted
Haman
the
son
of
Hammedatha
the
Agagite,
and
advanced
him
to
a
place
above
all
the
officials
who
were
with
him.
All
the
king’s courtiers
who
were
in
the
king’s
gate
used
to
bow
down
before
Haman,
for
so
the
king
had
commanded,
but
Mordecai
did
not
bow
down
nor
prostrate
himself.
Then
the
king’s courtiers,
who
were
in
the
king’s
gate,
said
to
Mordecai, “Why
do
you
disobey
the
king’s
command?”
When
they
had
spoken
to
him
day
after
day
without
his
listening
to
them,
they
informed
Haman,
to
see
whether
Mordecai’s
acts
would
be tolerated,
for
he
had
told
them
that
he
was
a
Jew.
When
Haman
saw
that
Mordecai
did
not
bow
down
nor
prostrate
himself
before
him,
he
was
furious.
But
it
seemed
to
him
beneath
his
dignity
to
lay
hands
on
Mordecai
alone,
for
they
had
told
him
who
Mordecai’s
people
were.
Instead
Haman
sought
to
destroy
all
the
people
of
Mordecai,
all
the
Jews
throughout
the
kingdom
of
Ahasuerus.
In
the
first
month (the
month
of
Nisan)
in
the
twelfth
year
of
the
reign
of
King
Ahasuerus,
Haman
had ‘pur’ (which
means ‘lot’)
cast
before
him
to
determine
the
best
day
and
best
month
for
his
actions.
The
lot
fell
on
the
thirteenth
day
of
the
twelfth
month –
the
month
of
Adar.
So
Haman
said
to
King
Ahasuerus, “There
is
a
certain
people
scattered
among
the
peoples
in
all
the
provinces
of
your
kingdom,
whose
laws differ
from
those
of
every
other
and
who
do
not
keep
the
king’s
laws.
Therefore
it
is
not
right
for
the
king
to
tolerate
them.
If
it
seems
best
to
the
king,
let
an
order
be
given
to
destroy
them,
and
I
will
pay
ten
thousand
silver coins
into
the
royal
treasury.”
So
the
king
took
off
his
signet
ring
from
his
hand
and
gave
it
to
Haman
son
of
Hammedatha
the
Agagite,
the
enemy
of
the
Jews.
“The
money
is
yours,”
the
king
said
to
Haman, “and
the
people
also
to
do
with
them
as
you
wish.”
And
so,
on
the
thirteenth
day
of
the
first
month,
the
king’s
secretaries
were
summoned
and
as
Haman
instructed
an
edict
was
issued
to
the
king’s
satraps
and provincial
governors
and
the
rulers
of
each
of
the
peoples
in
their
own
script
and
their
own
language.
The
edict
was
written
in
the
name
of
King
Ahasuerus
and
sealed
with
his
ring.
Dispatches
were
sent
by
couriers
to
all
the
king’s
provinces,
saying:
Destroy,
kill,
put
an
end
to
all
the
Jews,
young
and
old,
little
children
and
women,
on
the
thirteenth
day
of
the
twelfth
month,
and
plunder
their
possessions.
A
copy
of
the
edict
was
to
be
published
as
a
decree
in
every
province –
publicly
displayed
so
that
everyone
might
be
ready
for
that
day.
By
command
of
the
king
the
couriers raced
off,
and
the
edict
was
published
in
Susa
itself.
Then
the
king
and
Haman
sat
down
to
drink,
but
the
city
of
Susa
was
in
turmoil.
A Queen’s Efforts to Save Her People
When
Mordecai
learned
all
that
had
been
done,
he
tore
his
clothes
and
put
on
sackcloth
and strewed
ashes
on
his
head,
and
went
out
into
the
city
and
raised
a
loud
and
bitter
cry
of
lamentation.
He
went
as
far
as
the
king’s
gate,
but
no
one
could
enter
the
gate
clothed
with
sackcloth.
In
every
province,
wherever
the
king’s
command
and
decree
went,
there
was
great
mourning,
fasting,
weeping,
and
wailing
among
the
Jews.
Many
of
them
sat
in
sackcloth
and
ashes.
When
Esther’s
maids
and
attendants
told
her
about
Mordecai’s
behavior,
she
was
greatly
troubled.
She
sent
garments
for
Mordecai
to
put
on,
so
that
he
could
take
off
his sack-cloth,
but
he
would
not
accept
them.
So
Esther
called
Hathach,
one
of
the
king’s
eunuchs
whom
he
had
appointed
to
attend
her,
and
ordered
him
to
go
to
Mordecai
to
learn
what
it
all
meant
and
the
reason
for
it.
So
Hathach
went
out
to
Mordecai,
to
the
city
square
in
front
of
the
king’s
gate.
Mordecai
told
him
all
that
had
happened
to
him
and
the
exact
amount
of
money
that
Haman
had
promised
to
pay
into
the
king’s
treasury
for
the
destruction
of
the
Jews.
Also
he
gave
him
a
copy
of
the
decree
to
destroy
them,
that
had
been
published
in
Susa,
to
show
to
Esther
for
her
information.
He
also
told
her
to
go
to
the
king
and
implore
his
mercy
and
to
plead
with
him
in
behalf
of
her
people.
When
Hathach
came
and
told
Esther
what
Mordecai
had
said,
she
instructed
Hathach
to
go
and
say
to
Mordecai,
“All
the
king’s courtiers
and
the
people
of
the
king’s
provinces
know
that
for
every
man
or
woman
who
goes
to
the
king
into
the
inner
court
without
being
called
there
is
one
penalty,
death,
unless
the
king
holds
out
the
golden
sceptre signifying
that
they
may
live.
It
has
been
thirty
days
since
I
have
been
called
to
go
in
to
the
king.”
When
Mordecai
was
told
what
Esther
had
said,
he
sent
back
this
reply
to
Esther, “Don’t
imagine
that
you
alone
of
all
the
Jews
will
escape
because
you
belong
to
the
king’s
household.
If
you
persist
in
remaining
silent
at
this
time,
relief
and
deliverance
will
come
to
the
Jews
from
another
quarter,
but
you
and
your
family
will
perish.
Who
knows?
Maybe
you
have
been
raised
to
the
throne
for
a
time
like
this!”
Then
Esther
sent
this
message
to
Mordecai:
“Go,
gather
all
the
Jews
in
Susa
and
fast
for
me.
Don’t
eat
nor
drink
anything
for
three
days
and
nights.
My
maids
and
I
will
fast
as
well.
Then
I
will
go
in
to
the
king,
although
it
is
contrary
to
the
law,
and
if
I
die,
I
die.”
Mordecai
did
everything
Esther
had
directed.
On
the
third
day,
Esther
put
on
her regalia
and
stood
in
the
inner
court
of
the
royal
palace
opposite
the
king’s
house.
The
king
was
sitting
on
his
throne
in
the
palace,
opposite
the
entrance.
When
he
saw
Esther
the
queen
standing
in
the
court,
she
won
his
favor,
and
he
held
out
to
her
the
golden
sceptre
that
was
in
his
hand.
So
Esther
approached
and
touched
the
top
of
the
sceptre.
Then
the
king
said
to
her, “What
is
it,
Queen
Esther?
Whatever
your
request
is,
it
will
be
granted,
even
if
it
is
the
half
of
the
kingdom.”
“If
it
seems
best
to
the
king,”
Esther
said, “let
the
king
and
Haman
come
today
to
the
banquet
that
I
have
prepared
for
him.”
Then
the
king
ordered, “Bring
Haman
quickly,
so
that
Esther’s
wish
may
be
gratified.”
So
the
king
and
Haman
went
to
the
banquet
that
Esther
had
prepared.
While
they
were
drinking
wine,
the
king
said
to
Esther, “Whatever
your
petition
is,
it
will
be
granted.
Your
request,
it
will
be
done –
even
if
it
takes
half
of
my
kingdom.”
Esther
answered,
“If
I
have
won
the
king’s
favor
and
if
it
seems
best
to
the
king
to
grant
my
petition
and
to accede
to
my
request,
my
petition
and
my
request
are
that
the
king
and
Haman
come
to
the
banquet
which
I
will
prepare
for
them.
Tomorrow
I
will
answer
the
king’s
question
as
he
wishes.”
Haman
went
out
that
day
joyful
and elated,
but
when
he
saw
Mordecai
in
the
king’s
gate
and
noticed
that
he
neither
stood
up
nor
moved
for
him,
he
was
furiously
angry
with
Mordecai.
Nevertheless
Haman
restrained
himself
and
went
home.
He
called
together
his
friends
and
Zeresh
his
wife
and
recounted
to
them
the
greatness
of
his
wealth,
how
many
children
he
had,
and
all
the
ways
in
which
the
king
had
honored
him,
and
how
he
had
promoted
him
above
the
officials
and
the
royal courtiers.
“What
is
more,”
Haman
said, “Queen
Esther
brought
no
one
in
with
the
king
to
the
banquet
which
she
had
prepared
except
me,
and
tomorrow
also
I
am
invited
by
her
along
with
the
king.
Yet
all
this
does
not
satisfy
me
as
long
as
I
see
Mordecai
the
Jew
sitting
at
the
king’s
gate.”
Then
Zeresh
his
wife
and
all
his
friends
said
to
him, “Let
a
gallows
seventy-five
feet
high
be
erected,
and
in
the
morning
speak
to
the
king
and
let
Mordecai
be
hanged
on
it.
Then
go
merrily
with
the
king
to
the
banquet.”
The
advice
pleased
Haman,
and
so
he
had
the
gallows
erected.
Downfall of a Conspirator
On
that
night
the
king
was
unable
to
sleep,
so
he
gave
orders
to
bring
the
books
that
recorded
memorable
deeds,
and
they
were
read
before
the
king.
It
was
found
recorded
how
Mordecai
had
furnished
information
regarding
Bigthan
and
Teresh,
two
of
the
king’s
attendants
who
guarded
the
entrance
of
the
palace,
who
had
attempted
to
kill
King
Ahasuerus.
“What
honor
and
dignity
have
been
conferred
on
Mordecai
for
this?”
the
king
asked.
When
the
king’s pages
who
waited
on
him
replied “Nothing
has
been
done
for
him,”
the
king
said, “Who
is
in
the
court?”
Now
Haman
had
just
entered
the
outer
court
of
the
king’s
house
to
speak
to
the
king
about
hanging
Mordecai
on
the
gallows
that
he
had
prepared
for
him.
So
the
king’s pages
said
to
him, “Haman
is
standing
there,
in
the
court.”
The
king
said, “Let
him
enter.”
So
Haman
entered,
and
the
king
said
to
him, “What
should
be
done
for
the
man
whom
the
king
wishes
to
honor?”
Haman
said
to
himself, “Whom
besides
me
could
the
king
wish
to
honor?”
So
he
said
to
the
king, “For
the
man
whom
the
king
wishes
to
honor
let
a
royal
garment
be
brought,
which
the
king
has
worn,
and
the
horse
on
which
the
king
has
ridden
and
on
whose
head
a
royal
diadem
has
been
placed.
Then
let
the
garment
and
the
horse
be
placed
in
charge
of
one
of
the
king’s
noble
officials.
Let
him
clothe
the
man
whom
the
king
wishes
to
honor
and
let
him
lead
that
man
on
the
horse
through
the
city
square,
proclaiming
before
him, ‘This
is
what
is
done
for
the
man
whom
the
king
wishes
to
honor.’”
Then
the
king
said
to
Haman, “Make
haste
and
take
the
garment
and
the
horse,
as
you
have
said,
and
do
this
to
Mordecai
the
Jew,
who
sits
in
the
king’s
gate.
Omit
nothing
of
all
you
have
said.”
So
Haman
took
the
garment
and
the
horse
and
clothed
Mordecai,
and
made
him
ride
through
the
city
square
and
proclaimed
before
him, “This
is
what
is
done
for
the
man
whom
the
king
wishes
to
honor.”
Mordecai
returned
to
the
king’s
gate,
but
Haman
hurried
to
his
house,
mourning,
with
his
head
covered.
Haman
recounted
to
Zeresh
his
wife
and
to
all
his
friends
everything
that
had
happened
to
him.
Then
his
wise
men
and
Zeresh
his
wife
said
to
him, “If
Mordecai
before
whom
you
have
already
been
humiliated
is
of
the
Jewish
people,
you
can
do
nothing
against
him
but
will
surely
fall
before
him.”
While
they
were
still
talking
with
him,
the
king’s
attendants
came
and
quickly
took
Haman
to
the
banquet
that
Esther
had
prepared.
So
the
king
and
Haman
went
to
drink
with
Queen
Esther.
As
they
were
drinking
wine
on
that
second
day,
the
king
again
said
to
Esther, “Whatever
your
petition
is,
Queen
Esther,
it
will
be
granted
to
you.
Whatever
you
request
it
will
be
done,
even
if
it
takes
half
of
the
kingdom.”
Then
Queen
Esther
answered, “Your
Majesty,
if
I
have
won
your
favor,
and
if
it
seems
best
to
Your
Majesty,
let
my
life
be
given
me
as
my
petition,
and
my
people
as
my
request,
for
I
and
my
people
have
been
sold
to
be
destroyed,
killed,
and
completely
annihilated!
If
we
had
been
merely
sold
into
slavery
I
would
not
have
disturbed
your
peace,
because
such
a
fate
would
not
have affected
the interests
of
the
king.”
Then
King
Ahasuerus
said
to
Queen
Esther, “Who
is
he
and
where
is
he
whose
heart
has
impelled
him
to
do
this?”
“A
foe,
an
enemy:
this
wicked
Haman.”
Esther
answered.
Haman
shrank
in
terror
before
the
king
and
the
queen.
In
his
wrath
the
king
rose
from
the
place
where
he
was
drinking
wine
and
went
into
the
palace
garden.
Haman
stayed
to
beg
Queen
Esther
for
his
life,
for
he
saw
that
the
king
was
fully
determined
to
bring
calamity
upon
him.
As
the
king
returned
from
the
palace
garden
to
the
banquet
hall,
Haman
had flung
himself
on
Esther’s
couch.
The
king
cried, “Is
he
going
to
rape
my
queen
while
I
am
present
in
my
own
house?”
As
the
king
spoke
these
words,
the
attendants
covered
Haman’s
face
and
Harbonah,
one
of
those
who
waited
on
the
king,
said, “There
are
the
gallows,
seventy-five
feet
high,
which Hainan
erected
for
Mordecai,
who
spoke
a
good
word
in
behalf
of
the
king,
standing
in
the
house
of
Haman!”
The
king
said “Hang
him
on
them.”
So
they
hanged
Haman
on
the
gallows
that
he
had
prepared
for
Mordecai.
Then
the
wrath
of
the
king
was
pacified.
Deliverance of the Jews
At
that
time
King
Ahasuerus
gave
the
property
of
Haman
the
Jews’
enemy
to
Queen
Esther.
Mordecai
was
made
one
of
the
king’s
personal
advisers,
for
Esther
had
disclosed
his relationship
to
her.
The
king
also
drew
off
his
signet
ring,
which
he
had
taken
from
Haman.
He
gave
it
to
Mordecai,
and
Esther
placed
Mordecai
in
charge
of
Haman’s
property.
Then
Esther
sought
another
audience
with
the
king
and
fell
at
his
feet
and
with
tears
begged
him
to
avert
the
evil
planned
by
Haman
the
Agagite
and
to
frustrate
his
designs
against
the
Jews.
The
king
held
out
to
her
the
golden
sceptre,
and
she
arose
and
stood
before
him.
“If
it
seems
best
to
the
king,”
she
said, “and
if
I
have
won
his
favor
and
he
thinks
it
right,
and
if
I
please
him,
let
written
orders
be
given
to
revoke
the dispatches
devised
by
Haman
son
of
Hammedatha
the
Agagite,
which
he
wrote
ordering
the
destruction
of
the
Jews
who
are
in
all
the
king’s
provinces.
For
how
can
I
bear
to
look
upon
the
evil
that
will
come
to
my
people?
How
can
I
bear
to
see
their
destruction?”
Then
King
Ahasuerus
said
to
Queen
Esther
and
to
Mordecai
the
Jew, “See,
I
have
given
Esther
the
property
of
Haman,
and
they
have
hanged
him
on
the
gallows,
because
he
laid
hands
upon
the
Jews.
Now
you
write
on
behalf
of
the
Jews,
as
seems
best
to
you,
in
the
king’s
name
and
seal
it
with
the
king’s
signet
ring.
For
a
document
that
is
written
in
the
king’s
name
and
sealed
with
the
king’s
signet
ring
cannot
be
revoked.”
On
the
twenty-third
day
of
the
third
month (that
is
the
month
of
Sivan),
the
king’s
secretaries
were
summoned
and
as
Mordecai
instructed
an
edict
was
issued
to
the
Jews,
to
the
satraps
and provincial
governors
and
the
rulers
of
each
of
the
one
hundred
twenty-seven
provinces
from
India
to
Ethiopia
in
their
own
script
and
their
own
language,
and
to
the
Jews
in
their
own
script
and
language.
Mordecai
wrote
in
the
name
of
King
Ahasuerus.
He
sealed
it
with
the
king’s
signet
ring. Dispatches
were
sent
by
mounted
couriers
who
rode
the
swift,
noble
steeds,
bred
of
the
royal
studs.
In
this
way
the
king
permitted
the
Jews
who
were
in
every
city
to
gather
together
and
make
a
stand
for
their
life,
to
destroy,
to
kill,
and
annihilate
all
the
armed
forces
of
any
people
or
province
that
might
be
hostile
to
them,
including
their
children
and
women,
and
to
take
their
goods
as
plunder
throughout
all
the
provinces
of
King
Ahasuerus
on
that
thirteenth
day
of
the
twelfth
month (which
is
called
Adar).
A
copy
of
the
edict
was
to
be
published
as
a
decree
in
every
province –
publicly
displayed
so
that
the
Jews
might
be
ready
for
that
day
and
avenge
themselves.
So
the
couriers
who
rode
the
swift,
noble
steeds
went
out,
hastened
and
impelled
by
the
king’s
commands!
Meantime
the
decree
had
been
given
out
in
the
royal
palace
at
Susa;
and
Mordecai
had
gone
out
from
the
presence
of
the
king
in
royal
garments
of
violet
and
white
and
with
a
great
crown
of
gold
and
with
a
robe
of
fine
linen
and
purple.
The
people
of
Susa
shouted
and
were
glad.
To
the
Jews
there
came
light
and
gladness
and
joy
and
honor.
And
in
every
province
and
city,
wherever
the
king’s
command
and
decree
came,
there
was
gladness
and
joy
among
the
Jews
and
a
holiday.
Many
of
the
peoples
of
the
earth professed
to
be
Jews,
for
fear
of
the
Jews
took
possession
of
them.
Now
in
the
twelfth
month (that
is
the
month
of
Adar),
on
the
thirteenth
day,
when
the
king’s
command
and
his
decree
was
about
to
put
into
execution,
on
the
day
that
the
enemies
of
the
Jews
hoped
to
gain
the
mastery
over
them,
then
the
tables
were
turned
so
that
the
Jews
had
the
mastery
over
those
who
hated
them.
The
Jews
gathered
together
in
the
cities
throughout
all
the
provinces
of
King
Ahasuerus,
to
attack
anyone
who
tried
to
harm
them.
No
one
could
withstand
them,
for
the
fear
of
them
had
fallen
on
all
the
peoples.
All
the
princes
of
the
provinces
and
the
satraps
and
the
governors
and
they
who
attended
to
the
king’s
business,
helped
the
Jews,
because
the
fear
of
Mordecai
had
fallen
on
them.
For
Mordecai
was
great
in
the
king’s
palace,
and
as
his
power
increased
his
fame
spread
throughout
all
the
provinces.
The
Jews
put
all
their
enemies
to
the
sword
and,
with
slaughter
and
destruction,
they
did
what
they
wanted
to
those
who
hated
them.
In
Susa
the
capital
the
Jews
killed
five
hundred
people.
They
killed
Parshandatha,
Dalphon,
Aspatha,
Poratha,
Adalia,
Aridatha,
Parmashta, Arisia,
Aridai,
and
Vaizatha,
the
ten
sons
of
Haman
the
son
of
Hammedatha,
the
Jews’
enemy;
but
they
did
not
take
any
plunder.
On
that
day
the
number
of
those
who
were
slain
in
Susa
was
brought
before
the
king,
and
the
king
said
to
Queen
Esther, “The
Jews
have
slain
five
hundred
people
in
Susa,
and
the
ten
sons
of
Haman.
What
then
have
they
done
in
the
rest
of
the
king’s
provinces!
Now
what
is
your
petition?
It
will
be
granted
to
you.
What
is
your
request?
It
will
be
done.”
“If
it
please
the
king,”
Esther
said, “let
it
be
granted
to
the
Jews
who
are
in
Susa
to
do
tomorrow
also
according
to
this
day’s
decree.
Let
the
bodies
of
Haman’s
ten
sons
be
hanged
on
the
gallows.”
And
the
king
commanded
it
to
be
done.
A
decree
was
given
out
in
Susa
and
they
hung
the
bodies
of
Haman’s
ten
sons
on
the
gallows.
The
Jews
who
were
in
Susa
gathered
themselves
together
again
on
the
fourteenth
day
of
the
month
of
Adar.
They
killed
three
hundred
people
in
Susa.
But
they
did
not
take
any
plunder.
And
the
other
Jews
who
were
in
the
king’s
provinces
gathered
themselves
together
and
fought
for
their
lives
and overcame
their
enemies.
They
killed
seventy-five
thousand
who
hated
them.
But
they
did
not
take
any
plunder.
This
was
on
the
thirteenth
day
of
Adar.
On
the
fourteenth
day
of
the
month
Adar
the
Jews
rested
and
made
it
a
day
of
feasting
and
rejoicing.
(But
the
Jews
in
Susa
gathered
on
both
the
thirteenth
and
fourteenth
day –
and
rested
on
the
fifteenth
day
of
the
same
month
and
made
it
a
day
of
feasting
and
rejoicing.)
This
is
why
the
Jews
who
live
in
the
country
villages
keep
the
fourteenth
day
of
the
month
of
Adar
as
a
day
of
rejoicing
and
feasting
and
a
holiday,
and
a
day
in
which
they
send
gifts
of
food
to
each
other.
The
Establishment
of
Purim
Mordecai
had
these
things
recorded.
He
sent
letters
to
all
the
Jews
who
were
in
all
the
provinces
of
the
King
Ahasuerus,
both
near
and
far.
He
told
them
to
keep
the
fourteenth
day
of
the
month
of
Adar
and
also
the
fifteenth
day
every
year,
as
the
days
on
which
the
Jews
had
rest
from
their
enemies,
and
the
month
which
was
turned
from
sorrow
to
gladness
and
from
mourning
into
a
feast
day.
They
should
make
them
days
of
feasting
and
gladness
and
of
sending
gifts
of
food
to
each
other
and
of
gifts
to
the
poor.
So
what
the
Jews
had
begun
to
do
they
adopted
as
a
custom,
just
as
Mordecai
had
written
to
them.
For
Haman
the
son
of
Hammedatha,
the
Agagite,
the
enemy
of
all
the
Jews,
had
plotted
to
destroy
them.
He
had
cast ‘Pur’,
that
is
the
lot,
intending
to
consume
them
and
to
destroy
them.
But
when
the
matter
came
before
the
king,
he
gave
written
orders
that
his
wicked
plot,
which
he
had
planned
against
the
Jews,
should
come
upon
his
own
head,
and
that
he
and
his
sons
should
be
hanged
on
the
gallows.
This
is
why
these
days
are
called
Purim,
after
the
word
Pur.
Therefore
because
of
all
the
words
of
this
letter,
as
well
as
all
they
had
seen,
and
all
they
had
experienced,
the
Jews
established
and
made
it
a
custom
for
them,
for
their
descendants,
and
for
all
who
should
join
them,
so
that
it
might
not
be
repealed,
that
they
should
continue
to
observe
these
two
days
as
feasts
each
year,
and
that
these
days
should
be
remembered
and
kept
throughout
every
generation,
every
family,
every
province,
and
every
city.
And
these
days
of
Purim
should
not
pass
away
from
among
the
Jews
nor
the
remembrance
of
them
disappear
among
their
descendants.
Queen
Esther,
the
daughter
of
Abihail,
gave
Mordecai
the
Jew
all
authority
in
writing
to
confirm
this
second
letter
of
Purim.
He
sent
letters
to
all
the
Jews,
to
the
hundred
and
twenty-seven
provinces
of
the
kingdom
of
Ahasuerus,
wishing
them
peace
and
security,
to
confirm
these
days
of
Purim
in
their
proper
times,
to
be
observed
as
Mordecai
the
Jew
and
Queen
Esther
had
directed
and
as
the
Jews
had proscribed
for
themselves
and
their
descendants,
in
the
matter
of
the
fastings
and
their
cry
of
lamentation.
And
the
commands
of
Esther
confirmed
these
matters
of
Purim;
and
it
was
written
in
the
records.
King
Ahasuerus
imposed
a
tribute
on
the
land
and
the
coasts.
All
the
acts
of
his
power
and
of
his
might,
and
the
full
account
of
the
greatness
of
Mordecai
to
which
the
king
advanced
him,
are
they
not
recorded
in
the
book
of
the
chronicles
of
the
kings
of
Media
and
Persia?
For
Mordecai
the
Jew
was
next
in
rank
to
King
Ahasuerus,
and
great
among
the
Jews,
and
loved
by
them
all.
He
sought
the
good
of
his
people
and
promoted
the
welfare
of
their
descendants.
Psalms
The Psalms
Psalms
The
Psalms
Book One
Psalm 1 – The Way of Happiness
Happy
are
those
who
do
not
follow
the
counsel
of
the
wicked,
not
halting
in
ways frequented
by
sinners,
nor
taking
a
seat
in
a
gathering
of
scoffers.
But
the
law
of
the
Lord
is
their
joy,
they
study
it
day
and
night.
They
are
like
trees
planted
by runlets
of
water,
yielding
fruit
in
due
season,
leaves
never
fading.
In
all
that
they
do,
they
prosper.
Not
so
fare
the
wicked,
not
so;
like
chaff
are
they,
blown
by
the
wind.
So
the
wicked
will
not
stand
firm
in
the
judgment,
nor
sinners
appear,
when
the
righteous
are
gathered.
For
the
way
of
the
righteous
is
dear
to
the
Lord,
but
the
way
of
the
wicked
will
end
in
ruin.
Psalm 2 – The Lord’s Chosen King
Why
this
turmoil
of
nations,
this
futile
plotting
of
peoples,
with
kings
of
the
earth conspiring,
and
rulers
consulting
together,
against
the
Lord
and
against
his
anointed,
to snap
their
bonds
and
fling
their
cords
away?
He
whose
throne
is
in
heaven
laughs,
the
Lord
mocks
them.
Then
he
speaks
to
them
in
his
wrath,
and
in
his
hot
anger confounds
them.
“This
my
king
is
installed
by
me,
on
Zion
my
holy
mountain.”
I
will
tell
of
the
Lord’s
decree.
He
said
to
me: “You
are
my
son,
this
day
I
became
your
father.
Only
ask,
and
I
make
you
the
heir
of
the
nations,
and
lord
of
the
world
to
its
utmost
bounds.
You
will
break
them
with
sceptre
of
iron,
shatter
them
like
pottery.”
So
now,
you
kings,
be
wise:
be
warned,
you
rulers
of
earth.
Serve
the
Lord
in
awe,
kiss
his
feet
with
trembling,
lest,
angry,
he
hurl
you
to
ruin;
for
soon
will
his
fury
blaze.
Happy
all
who
take
refuge
in
him.
Psalm 3 – A Morning Prayer for Protection
A psalm of David, when he fled from his son Absalom.
How
many,
Lord,
are
my
foes!
Those
who
rise
up
against
me
are
many.
Many
are
those
who
say
of
me,
“There
is
no
help
for
him
in
his
God.”
Selah
But
you,
Lord,
are
shield
about
me,
my
glory,
who
lifts
up
my
head.
When
loudly
I
call
to
the
Lord,
from
his
holy
hill
he
gives
answer.
Selah
I
laid
down
and
slept:
now
I
wake,
for
the
Lord
sustains
me.
I
fear
not
the
myriads
of
people
who
beset
me
on
every
side.
Arise,
Lord:
save
me,
my
God,
who
strikes
all
my
foes
on
the
cheek,
and
shatters
the
teeth
of
the
wicked.
Victory
belongs
to
the
Lord:
let
your
blessing
descend
on
your
people.
Selah
Psalm 4 – An Evening Prayer
For the leader, with stringed instruments. A psalm of David.
Answer
my
cry,
God,
my defender.
Often
from
straits
you
have
brought
me
to
spacious
places.
So
now
show
me
your
favor
and
hear
my
prayer.
How
long,
you
proud
people,
will
my
honor
be
stained
by
the
slanders
you
love,
and
the
lies
that
you
follow?
Selah
See!
The
Lord
has
shown
me
his
wonderful
kindness:
the
Lord
hears,
when
I
call
to
him.
Sin
not
in
your
anger:
but
speak
in
your
heart
on
your
bed,
and
be
still.
Selah
Offer
true
sacrifice,
trust
in
the
Lord.
Many
are
longing
for
fortune
to
smile.
Lift
upon
us
the
light
of
your
face.
You
have
put
in
my
heart,
Lord,
a
deeper
joy
than
was
theirs
who
had
corn
and
wine
in
abundance.
So
in
peace
I
will
lie
down
and
sleep;
for
you,
Lord,
keep
me
safe.
Psalm 5 – A Prayer for Guidance
For the leader: A psalm of David, to be accompanied by the flute.
Hear
my
words,
Lord:
give
heed
to
my
whisper.
Attend
to
my
loud
cry
for
help,
my
king
and
my
God.
When
I
pray
to
you,
Lord,
in
the
morning,
hear
my
voice.
I
make
ready
for
you
in
the
morning,
and
look
for
a
sign.
For
you
are
no
God
who
takes
pleasure
in
wickedness:
no
one
of
evil
can
be
your
guest.
No braggarts
can
stand
in
your
presence,
you
hate
all
workers
of
wrong.
You
destroy
all speakers
of
lies,
people
of
blood
and
deceit
you
abhor.
But
I,
through
your
kindness
abundant,
may
enter
your
house,
and towards
the
shrine
of
your
temple
may reverently
bow.
Lead
me,
Lord,
in
your
righteousness
because
of
my
enemies.
Make
your
way
level
before
me.
For
their
mouth
is
a
stranger
to
truth,
their
heart
is
a
pit
of
destruction.
Their
throat
is
a
wide
open
grave,
their
tongue
the
smooth
tongue
of
the
hypocrite.
Condemn
them,
God;
let
their
schemes
bring
them
down
to
the
ground.
For
their numberless
crimes
thrust
them
down
for
playing
the
rebel
against
you.
But
let
all
who
take
refuge
in
you
ring
out
their
gladness
forever.
Protect
those
who
love
your
name,
so
they
may
exult
in
you.
For
you
give
your
blessing,
Lord,
to
the
godly,
and
the
shield
of
your
favor
protects
them.
Psalm 6 – A Cry for Help in Time of Trouble
For the leader; with instrumental music on the sheminith. A psalm of David.
Rebuke
me
not,
Lord,
in
your
anger,
punish
me
not
in
your
wrath.
Lord,
be
gracious
to
me
in
my
weakness.
Heal
me
Lord,
for racked
is
my
body;
all
of
me
utterly racked.
Why
do
you
wait
so
long,
Lord?
Turn,
Lord,
rescue
me;
save
me,
because
of
your
love.
For
in
death
none
can
call
you
to
mind;
in
Sheol
who
can
praise
you?
I
am
so
weary
of
sighing.
All
the
night
I
make
my
bed
swim,
and
wet
my
couch
with
my
tears.
My
eyes swollen
with
grief;
from
weeping
caused
by
my
foes.
Begone,
workers
of
wrong,
for
the
Lord
has
heard
my
loud
weeping,
the
Lord
has
heard
my
entreaty,
the
Lord
accepts
my
prayer.
My
foes
will
be
stricken
with
terror,
brought
to
shame
and
dismay
in
a
moment.
Psalm 7 – A Prayer to the God of Justice
A Shiggaion of David, which he sang to the
Lord about Cush, the Benjamite.
Lord
my
God,
I
take
refuge
in
you.
Deliver
me,
save
me
from
all
who
pursue
me;
or
like
lions
they
will
tear
me
to
pieces,
and
rend
me,
past
hope
of
rescue.
Lord,
my
God,
if
my
life
has
been
such
if
my
hands
have
been
stained
with
guilt,
if
friends
I
paid
back
with
evil,
if
I
plundered
my
foes
without
cause,
may
the
enemy
chase
and
find
me,
trample
my
life
to
the
ground,
my
honor
leave
in
the
dirt!
Selah
Arise,
Lord,
in
anger,
against
my
foes
rise
in
fury.
Awake
for
my
help:
let
justice
be
done.
Gather
the
nations
about
you,
and
sit
on
your
lofty
throne,
as
the
Lord,
the
judge
of
the
peoples.
Judge
me,
Lord,
in
my
innocence
and
according
to
my
integrity.
Put
an
end
to
the
wrong
of
the
wicked,
protect
the
righteous.
Searcher
of
hearts
and
minds,
righteous
God.
God
is
my
shield:
he
saves
the
upright
in
heart.
God
is
a
just
judge,
constant
in
righteous
anger.
He
will
sharpen
his
sword
without
fail,
his
bow
is
bent
and
ready,
his
deadly
weapons
are
ready,
his
arrows
he
makes
of
flame.
The
enemy
who
conceives
evil;
pregnant
with
mischief,
giving
birth
to
lies,
a
pit
they
have
made
and
dug;
but
into
the
hole
that
they
made
they
will
fall.
On
their
own
heads
their
mischief
comes
back;
on
their
own skulls
their
violence
comes
down.
I
will
give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
justice,
and
sing
to
the
name
of
the
Lord
Most
High.
Psalm 8 – God’s Glory in Nature
For the leader: A psalm of David, to be accompanied by a stringed instrument.
Lord
our
God!
How
glorious
in
all
the
earth
is
your
name!
Your
praise
reaches
as
high
as
the
heavens,
from
the
mouths
of
children
and
infants.
You
have
built
a
fortress
against
your
enemies,
to
silence
the
foe
and
the
rebel.
When
I
look
at
your
heavens,
the
work
of
your
fingers,
the
moon
and
the
stars,
which
you
have
set
there,
what
are
mortals,
that
you
think
of
them,
humans,
that
you
visit
them?
Yet
you
made
them
little
less
than
divine,
crowned
them
with
glory
and
majesty,
made
them
lord
of
the
works
of
your
hands,
put
all
things
under
their
feet –
sheep
and
oxen,
all
of
them;
and
the
wild
beasts
also:
birds
of
the
air,
and
fish
of
the
sea,
and
all
that crosses
the
paths
of
the
ocean.
Lord
our
God!
How
glorious
in
all
the
earth
is
your
name!
Psalm 9 – A Song of Praise the Lord’s Justice
For the leader; ’almuth labben. A psalm of David.
With
all
my
heart
I
will
praise
the
Lord,
all
your
wonders
I
will
rehearse.
I
will
rejoice
and
exult
in
you,
singing
praise
to
your
name,
Most
High;
because
backward
my
foes
were
turned,
they
stumbled
and
perished
before
you.
My
right
and
my
claim
you
have
upheld,
you
did
sit
on
the
throne
as
a
fair
judge,
rebuking
the
nations,
destroying
the
wicked,
and blotting
their
name
out
forever
and
ever.
The
foe
is
vanished,
ruined
forever,
their
cities
destroyed,
their
memory
perished.
See!
The
Lord
is
seated
forever
on
the
throne
he
established
for
judgment,
ruling
the
world
with
justice,
and
judging
the
nations
with
equity.
So
the
Lord
proves
a
haven
to
the
oppressed,
a
haven
in
times
of
trouble.
Well
may
they
trust
you
who
know
your
name,
for
those
who
seek
you,
you
never
abandon.
Sing
praise
to
the
Lord,
whose
home
is
in
Zion,
declare
his
deeds
among
the
nations.
As
avenger
of
blood,
he
keeps
them
in
mind,
he
does
not
forget
the
cry
of
the
wretched.
Show
me
favor,
Lord,
see
how
my
foes
afflict
me,
lift
me
up
from
the
gates
of
death;
so
I
may,
in
your
help
exulting,
tell
forth
your
praise
at
the
gates
of
Zion.
The
nations
are
sunk
in
the
pit
which
they
made,
in
the
net
that
they
hid,
their
own
foot
is
entangled.
The
Lord
is
revealed
in
the
judgment
he
wrought,
the
wicked
are
snared
in
their
own
handiwork.
Selah
Let
the
wicked
depart
to
Sheol,
all
the
nations
that
live forgetful
of
God.
For
the
needy
will
not
be
always
forgotten,
nor
the
hope
of
the
helpless
be
lost
forever.
Arise,
Lord;
don’t
let
them
triumph:
before
your
face
let
the
nations
be
judged.
Strike
them
with
fear,
Lord:
show
the
nations
how
frail
they
are.
Selah
Psalm 10 – A Prayer for Help
Why
do
you
stand,
Lord,
so
far
away,
hiding
yourself
in
times
of
trouble?
The
wicked,
in
their
pride,
are
pursuing
the
helpless:
let
them
be
caught
in
the
schemes
they
have
plotted.
For
the
wicked
boasts
of
their
wanton
greed;
the
robber
despises
the
Lord,
and
curses
him,
in
wicked
pride,
thinks:
God
doesn’t
care,
God
doesn’t
call
to
account.
Never
a
season
that
they
do
not
prosper;
your
judgments
are
far
above
out
of
their
sight:
they
scoff
at
their
foes.
Each
says
in
their
heart,
“I
will
never
be
shaken;
I
will
live
for
all
time
untouched
by
misfortune.”
Their
mouths
are
full
of
deceit
and
oppression:
under
their
tongues
lurks
mischief
and
wrong.
Lying
in
secret
in
some
village
ambush,
and
stealthily
watching,
they
murder
the
innocent.
Like
a
lion
that
lurks
in
a
secret
lair
they
lurk
intending
to
catch
the defenceless;
to
seize
them,
to
drag
them
away
in
their
net.
Their
victims
are
crushed,
sink
down
to
the
ground.
Under
their
claws
the hapless
fall.
The
wicked
say
in
their
hearts
that
God
has
forgotten,
has
hidden
his
face,
will
see
nothing.
Arise,
Lord,
lift
up
your
hand,
do
not
forget
the
cry
of
the
wretched.
Why
do
the
wicked
treat
God
with
contempt,
and
say
in
their
hearts, “God
doesn’t
care”?
You
have
seen
the
trouble
and
sorrow;
you
mark
it
all,
and
will
take
it
in
hand.
The hapless
can
count
on
you,
helper
of
orphans.
Break
the
arm
of
the
wicked
and
evil:
search
out
their
sin,
till
no
more
be
found.
The
Lord
is
king
forever
and
ever:
the
nations
will
vanish
from
his
land.
Lord,
you
have
heard
the
desire
of
the
humble,
inclining
your
ear,
strengthening
their
hearts,
rights
you
have
won
for
the
crushed
and
the
orphan,
so
no
one
on
earth
may
strike
terror
again.
Psalm 11 – Trust in the Lord
For the leader. Of David.
In
the
Lord
I
take
refuge.
How
can
you
tell
me
to
flee
like
a
bird
to
the
mountains?
“See!
The
wicked
are
bending
the
bow,
their
arrow
is
set
on
the
string,
to
shoot
from
the
shadows
at
the
upright
in
heart.
In
this
tearing
down
of
foundations
what
good
can
a
good
person
do?”
The
Lord
in
his
holy
temple,
the
Lord
in
heaven,
enthroned.
His
eyes
watch
the
world,
they
see
everyone.
The
Lord
examines
the
righteous
and
wicked,
and
the
lover
of
violence
he
hates.
On
the
wicked
he
rains
coals
of
fire
and
brimstone,
and
their
drink
will
be
scorching
wind.
For
the
Lord
is
just,
and
justice
he
loves;
so
the
upright
will
see
his
face.
Psalm 12 – A Prayer for the Faithful in a False World
For the leader; on the sheminith. A psalm of David.
Help,
Lord,
for
the
good
are
all
gone,
faithful
people
have
vanished.
One
lies
to
another,
speaking
empty
lies,
with
flattering
lips
and
false
hearts
they
speak.
May
the
Lord
cut
off
all
the
flattering
lips,
and
the
tongue
that
utters
arrogance,
they
declare, “Our
tongue
is
our
strength,
our
allies
our
lips:
who
is
lord
over
us?”
“The
poor
are
despoiled,
and
the
needy
are
sighing;
so
now
I
will
act,”
the
Lord
declares
“And
place
them
in
the
safety
they
long
for.”
The
words
of
the
Lord
are
words
that
are
pure,
silver
smelted,
seven
times
refined.
You
will
keep
us,
Lord,
and
guard
us
from
this
generation
forever,
in
a
world
where
the
wicked
prowl,
and
worthless
people
exalted.
Psalm 13 – A Prayer for Help in Trouble
For the leader. A psalm of David.
How
long,
Lord,
will
you
forget
me
forever?
How
long
will
you
hide
your
face
from
me?
How
long
must
I
nurse
grief
inside
me,
and
in
my
heart
a
daily
sorrow?
How
long
are
my
foes
to
exult
over
me?
Look
at
me,
answer
me,
Lord
my
God.
Fill
my
eyes
with
your
light,
lest
I
sleep
in
death,
lest
my
enemies
claim
to
have
triumphed,
lest
my
foes
rejoice
at
my
downfall.
But
I
trust
in
your
kindness:
my
heart
will
rejoice
in
your
help.
I
will
sing
to
the
Lord
who
was
good
to
me.
Psalm 14 – The Folly of Denying God
For the leader. Of David.
Fools
say
in
their
heart,
“There
is
no
God.”
Vile,
hateful
their
life
is;
not
one
does
good.
From
heaven
the
Lord
looks
out
on humans,
to
see
if
any
are
wise,
and
care
for
God.
But
all
have
turned
bad,
the taint
is
on
all;
not
one
does
good,
no,
not
one.
Have
they
learned
their lesson,
those
workers
of
evil?
Who
ate
up
my
people,
eating,
devouring,
never
calling
to
the
Lord.
Sore
afraid
will
they
be;
for
God
is
among
those
who
are
righteous,
you
may
mock
the
plans
of
the
poor,
but
the
Lord
is
their
refuge.
If
only
help
from
Zion
would
come
for
Israel!
When
the
Lord
brings
his
people
a
change
of
fortune,
how
glad
will
be
Jacob,
and
Israel
how
joyful!
Psalm 15 – Standing Firm
A psalm of David.
Lord,
who
can
be
guest
in
your
tent?
Who
may
live
on
your
holy
mountain?
The
person
whose
walk
is
blameless,
whose
conduct
is
right,
whose
words
are
true
and
sincere;
on
whose
tongue
there
sits
no
slander,
who
will
not
harm
a
friend,
nor
cruelly
insult
a
neighbor,
who
regards
with
contempt
those
rejected
by
God;
but
honors
those
who
obey
the
Lord,
who
keeps
an
oath,
whatever
the
cost,
whose
money
is
lent
without
interest,
and
never
takes
a
bribe
to
hurt
the
innocent.
The
person
who
does
these
things
will
always
stand
firm.
Psalm 16 – The Joy of Fellowship with God
A michtam of David.
Keep
me,
O
God,
for
in
you
I
take
refuge.
I
said
to
the
Lord, “You
are
my
Lord,
my
happiness
rests
in
you
alone.
Those
who
are
holy
in
the
land,
they,
they
alone,
are
the
noble
ones;
all
my
delight
is
in
them.”
Those
who
choose
other
gods
find
endless
sorrow.
In
their
offerings
of
blood
I
will
have
no
part
nor
take
their
name
on
my
lips.
The
Lord
is
my
share
and
my
portion,
my
fate
is
in
your
strong
hands.
The
boundary
lines
of
my
life
mark
out
delightful
country,
my
heritage
pleases
me
well.
I
praise
the
Lord
for
his
counsel,
which
so
stirs
my
heart
in
the
night.
I
keep
the
Lord
always
in
mind:
with
him
at
my
hand,
I
can
never
be
moved.
So
my
heart
is
glad,
there
is
joy
inside
me;
and
in
safety
of
body
I
live.
For
you
will
not
give
me
up
to
Sheol
nor
let
any
who
love
you
see
the
pit.
You
will
show
me
the
path
that
leads
to
life,
to
that
fulness
of
joy
which
is
in
your
presence,
and
the
pleasures dispensed
by
your
hand
evermore.
Psalm 17 – A Prayer for Deliverance
A prayer of David.
Listen,
O
Lord,
to
my
innocence;
attend
to
my
piercing
cry.
Give
heed
to
my
prayer
out
of
lips unfeigned.
Let
my
vindication
come
from
you,
your
eyes
see
the
truth.
When
you
test
my
heart
when
you
visit
at
night,
and
assay
me
like
silver –
you
can
find
no
evil.
I
am
determined
that
my
mouth
should
not
lie.
I
gave
earnest
heed
to
the
words
of
your
lips.
My
steps
have
held
fast
to
the
paths
of
your
precepts
and
in
your
tracks
have
my
feet
never
stumbled.
So
I
call
you,
O
God,
with
assurance
of
answer;
bend
down
your
ear
to
me,
hear
what
I
say.
Show
your
marvelous
love,
you
who
save
from
enemies
those
who
take
refuge
at
your
right
hand.
Keep
me
as
the
apple
of
the
eye,
hide
me
in
the
shelter
of
your
wings.
From
wicked
people
who
do
me
violence,
from
deadly
foes
who
crowd
around
me.
They
have
closed
their
hearts
to
pity,
the
words
of
their
mouths
are
haughty.
Now
they
dog
us
at
every
step,
keenly
watching,
to
hurl
us
to
the
ground,
like
a
lion,
longing
to
tear,
like
a
young
lion,
lurking
in
secret.
Arise,
Lord,
face
them
and
fell
them.
By
your
sword
set
me
free
from
the
wicked,
by
your
hand,
O
Lord,
from
those –
whose
portion
of
life
is
but
of
this
world.
But
let
your
treasured
ones
have
food
in
plenty
may
their
children
be
full
and
their
children
satisfied.
In
my
innocence
I
will
see
your
face,
awake
I
am
filled
with
a
vision
of
you.
Psalm 18 – A King’s Song of Gratitude
For the leader. Of David, the servant of the
Lord, who recited the words of this song to the
Lord after the
Lord had saved him from the power of all his enemies and from the hand of Saul. He said:
I
love
you,
O
Lord,
my
strength.
The
Lord
is
my
rock,
my
fortress,
deliverer,
my
God,
my
rock,
where
I
take
refuge,
my
shield,
my defender,
my
tower.
Worthy
of
praise
is
the
Lord
whom
I
call
on,
he
rescues
me
from
all
my
foes.
The
waves
of
death
broke
about
me,
fearful
floods
of
chaos.
Sheol
threw
cords
around
me,
snares
of
death
came
to
meet
me.
In
distress
I
cried
to
the
Lord,
and
shouted
for
help
to
my
God;
in
his
temple
he
heard
my
voice,
into
his
ears
came
my
cry.
Then
the
earth
shook
and
quaked,
mountains
trembled
to
their
foundations,
and
quaked
because
of
his
wrath.
Smoke
went
up
from
his
nostrils,
devouring
fire
from
his
mouth,
coals
were
kindled
by
it.
Then
he
bent
the
sky
and
came
down,
thick
darkness
was
under
his
feet.
He
rode
on
a
cherub
and
flew,
darting
on
wings
of
wind,
with
his
screen
of
darkness
about
him,
in
thick
dark
clouds
of
water.
At
the
radiance
before
him
there
passed
hailstones
and
coals
of
fire.
The
Lord
thundered
from
heaven,
the
Most
High
uttered
his
voice.
He
shot
his
arrows
and
scattered
them,
flashed
lightnings,
and
routed
them.
The
channels
of
the
sea
were
revealed,
the
world
was
laid
bare
to
its
base,
at
your
rebuke,
O
Lord,
at
the
blast
of
the
breath
of
your
nostrils.
He
stretched
from
on
high,
he
seized
me,
drew
me
up
from
the
mighty
waters,
and
saved
me
from
those
who
hated
me –
fierce
foes,
too
mighty
for
me.
In
my
day
of
distress
they assailed
me,
but
the
Lord
proved
my
support.
To
a
spacious
place
he
brought
me,
and,
for
love
of
me,
he
saved
me.
The
Lord
repays
my
innocence,
he
rewards
my
cleanness
of
hands.
For
I
kept
the
ways
of
the
Lord,
nor
have
wickedly
strayed
from
my
God.
His
commandments
were
all
before
me,
his
statutes
I
put
not
away.
And
I
was
blameless
before
him,
guarding
myself
from
sin.
So
the
Lord
repaid
my
innocence,
my
cleanness
of
hands
in
his
sight.
With
the
loyal
you
are
loyal,
and
with
the
blameless
blameless.
With
the
pure
you
show
yourself
pure,
but
shrewd
with
the
devious.
For
the
lowly
people
you
save,
but
haughty
eyes
you
abase.
You
are
my
lamp,
Lord,
my
God
who enlightens
my
darkness.
With
you
I
can
storm
a
rampart,
with
my
God
I
can
leap
a
wall.
As
for
God,
his
way
is
perfect;
the
word
of
the
Lord
is
pure.
He
is
shield
to
all
who
take
refuge
in
him.
For
who
is
God
but
the
Lord?
And
who
is
a
rock
but
our
God?
The
God
who
arms
me
with
strength,
who
cleared
and smoothed
my
way.
He
made
my
feet
like
hinds’
feet,
and
set
me
up
on
the
heights.
He
taught
my
hands
how
to
fight,
and
my
arms
how
to
bend
a
bronze
bow.
The
shield
of
your
help
you
gave
me,
your
right
hand
supports
me,
you
stoop
down
to
make
me
great.
In
your
strength
I
took
giant strides,
and
my
feet
never
slipped.
So
I
chased
the
foe
till
I
caught
them,
and
turned
not,
till
I
made
an
end
of
them.
I
smashed
them,
they
could
not
rise,
they
fell
beneath
my
feet.
You
did
arm
me
with
strength
for
war,
you
did
bow
my
assailants
beneath
me.
You
made
my
foes
turn
their
back
to
me,
and
those
who
did
hate
me
I
finished.
They
cried
for
help,
but
none
saved
them;
to
the
Lord,
but
he
answered
them
not.
I
beat
them
like
dust
of
the market-place,
stamped
them
like
mud
of
the
streets.
From
the
strife
of
the
peoples
you
saved
me,
you
made
me
head
of
the
nations,
peoples
I
knew
not
did
serve
me.
On
the
instant
they
hear,
they
obey
me,
foreigners
come
to
me cringing.
Foreigners
lose
courage,
and
come
out
of
their
strongholds
trembling.
The
Lord
is
alive! Blest
be
my
rock!
Exalted
be
God,
my
protector!
The
God
who
gave
me
revenge,
and
brought
down
nations
beneath
me,
who
saved
me
from
angry
foes,
and
set
me
above
my
assailants,
safe
from
the
violent.
For
this
I
will
praise
you
among
the
nations,
making
music,
O
Lord,
to
your
name:
for
great triumphs
he
grants
to
his
king,
and
faithful
love
he
shows
his
anointed,
to
David
and
his
seed
evermore.
Psalm 19 – The Glory of God in the Heavens
For the leader. A psalm of David.
The
heavens
declare
God’s
glory,
the
sky
tells
what
his
hands
have
done.
Day
tells
it
to
day,
night
reveals
it
to
night,
without
speaking,
without
words;
without
the
sound
of
voices.
But
through
all
the
world
their
voice
carries
their
words
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.
He
has
pitched
a
tent
for
the
sun
in
the
sky,
it
comes
out
like
a
bridegroom
from
his
bridal
chamber,
it
joyfully
runs
its
course
like
a hero.
From
one
end
of
the
heavens
it
rises,
and
around
it
runs
to
the
other,
and
nothing
hides
from
its
heat.
In
Praise
of
the
Law
The
law
of
the
Lord
is
perfect,
renewing
life.
The
decrees
of
the
Lord
are
trusty,
making
the
simple
wise.
The behests
of
the
Lord
are
right,
rejoicing
the
heart.
The
command
of
the
Lord
is
pure,
giving
light
to
the
eyes.
The
fear
of
the
Lord
is
clean,
it
endures
forever.
The
Lord’s
judgments
are
true
and
right
altogether.
More
precious
are
they
than
gold –
than
fine
gold
in
plenty,
and
sweeter
they
are
than
honey,
that
drops
from
the
comb.
By
them
is
your
servant
warned;
who
keeps
them
has
rich
reward.
Who
can
know
their flaws?
Absolve
me
from
those
I
know
not.
Keep
your
servant
from wilful
sins –
from
falling
under
their
sway:
then
blameless
and
clear
will
I
be
from
great
offense.
May
the
words
of
my
mouth
and
the
thoughts
of
my
heart
be
pleasing
to
you,
Lord,
my
rock
and
redeemer.
Psalm 20 – A Prayer for Victory
For the leader. A psalm of David.
The
Lord
answer
you
in
the
day
of
distress,
the
name
of
the
Jacob’s
God
protect
you,
sending
you
help
from
the
temple,
out
of
Zion
supporting
you.
All
your meal-offerings
may
he
remember,
your burnt-offerings
look
on
with
favor.
Selah
May
he
grant
you
your
heart’s
desire,
and
bring
all
your
plans
to
pass.
We
will
shout
then
for
joy
at
your
victory,
and
rejoice
in
the
name
of
our
God.
May
the
Lord
grant
your
every
request.
Now
I
am
sure
that
the
Lord
will
help
his
anointed.
From
his
temple
in
heaven
he
will
answer
by
his
mighty
triumphant
right
hand.
Some
in
chariots
are
strong,
some
in
horses;
but
our
strength
is
the
Lord
our
God.
They
will
totter
and
fall,
while
we
rise
and
stand
firm.
Give
victory,
Lord,
to
the
king,
and
answer
us
when
we
call.
Psalm 21 – A Prayer after a Victory
For the leader. A psalm of David.
The
king
rejoices,
Lord,
in
your
might,
how
he
exults
because
of
your
help!
You
have
granted
to
him
his
heart’s
desire,
you
have
not
withheld
his lips’
request.
Selah
You
came
to
meet
him
with
rich
blessings,
you
set
on
his
head
a
golden
crown.
He
asked
you
for
life,
you
gave
it –
many
long
days,
forever
and
ever.
Great
is
his
glory
because
of
your
help,
honor
and
majesty
you
lay
upon
him.
For
you
make
him
most
blessed
forever,
you
make
him
glad
with
the
joy
of
your
presence.
For
the
king
puts
always
his
trust
in
the
Lord;
the
Most
High,
in
his
love,
will
preserve
him unshaken.
Your
hand
will
reach
all
your
foes,
your
right
hand,
all
who
hate
you.
You
will
make
them
like
a
furnace
of
fire,
when
you
appear,
Lord.
The
Lord
will
swallow
them
up
in
his
wrath.
The
fire
will
devour
them.
You
will
sweep
their
offspring
from
the
earth,
their
children
from
humanity.
When
they
scheme
against
you
and
hatch
evil
plots –
they
will
fail.
For
you
aim
your
bow
at
their
faces,
make
them
turn
in
flight.
Be
exalted,
Lord,
in
your
strength,
to
your
might
we
shall
sing
and
make
music.
Psalm 22 – The Sufferer’s Triumph
For the leader; set to ‘Deer of the Dawn’. A psalm of David.
My
God,
my
God,
why
have
you
left
me,
my
rescue
so
far
from
the
words
of
my
roaring?
I
cry
in
the
day,
you
do
not
answer,
I
cry
in
the
night
but
find
no
rest.
You
are
the
Holy
One,
throned
on
the
praises
of
Israel.
In
you
our
ancestors
trusted,
they
trusted
and
you
delivered
them.
They
cried
to
you,
and
found
safety,
in
you
did
they
trust
and
were
not
put
to
shame.
But
I
am
a
worm,
not
a
person;
insulted
by
others,
despised
by
the
people.
All
who
see
me
mock
me,
with
mouths
wide
open
and wagging
heads:
“He relies
on
the
Lord;
let
him
save
him.
Let
him
rescue
the
one
he
holds
dear!”
But
you
drew
me
from
the
womb,
laid
me
safely
on
my
mother’s
breasts.
On
your
care
was
I
cast
from
my
very
birth,
you
are
my
God
from
my
mother’s
womb.
Be
not
far
from
me,
for
trouble
is
nigh,
and
there
is
none
to
help.
I
am
circled
by
many
bulls,
beset
by
the
mighty
of
Bashan,
who
face
me
with
gaping
jaws,
like
ravening
roaring
lions.
Poured
out
am
I
like
water,
and
all
my
bones
are loosened.
My
heart
is
become
like
wax,
melted
within
me.
My
palate
is
dry
as
a
sherd,
my
tongue
sticks
to
my
jaws;
in
the
dust
of
death
you
lay
me.
For
dogs
are
round
about
me,
a
band
of knaves encircles
me,
gnawing
my
hands
and
my
feet.
I
can
count
my
bones,
every
one.
As
for
them,
they
feast
their
eyes
on
me.
They
divide
my
garments
among
them,
and
over
my
raiment
cast
lots.
But
you,
O
Lord,
be
not
far,
O
my
strength,
hasten
to
help
me.
Deliver
my
life
from
the
sword
my
life
from
the
power
of
the
dogs.
Save
me
from
the
jaws
of
the
lion,
from
the
horns
of
the
wild
oxen
help
me.
I
will
tell
of
your
fame
to
my
kindred,
and
in
the
assembly
will
praise
you.
Praise
the
Lord,
you
who
fear
him.
All
Jacob’s
seed,
give
him
glory.
All
Israel’s
seed,
stand
in
awe
of
him.
For
he
has
not
despised
nor
abhorred
the
sorrow
of
the
sorrowful.
He
hid
not
his
face
from
me,
but
he
listened
to
my
cry
for
help.
Of
you
is
my
praise
in
the
great
congregation;
my
vows
I
will
pay
before
those
who
fear
him.
The
afflicted
will
eat
to
their
heart’s
desire,
and
those
who
seek
after
the
Lord
will
praise
him.
Lift
up
your
hearts
forever.
All
will
call
it
to
mind,
to
the
ends
of
the
earth,
and
turn
to
the
Lord;
and
all
tribes
of
the
nations
will
bow
down
before
you.
For
the
kingdom
belongs
to
the
Lord:
he
is
the
Lord
of
the
nations.
To
him
will
bow
down
all
who
sleep
in
the
earth,
and
before
him
bend
all
who
go
down
to
the
dust,
and
those
who
could
not
preserve
their
lives.
My
descendants
will
tell
of
the
Lord
to
the
next
generation;
they
will
declare
his
righteousness
to
people
yet
to
be
born:
He
has
done
it.
Psalm 23 – The Good Shepherd
A psalm of David.
The
Lord
is
my
shepherd:
I
am
never
in
need.
He
lays
me
down
in
green
pastures.
He
gently
leads
me
to
waters
of
rest,
he
refreshes
my
life.
He
guides
me
along
paths
that
are
straight,
true
to
his
name.
And
when
my
way
lies
through
a
valley
of
gloom,
I
fear
no
evil,
for
you
are
with
me.
Your
rod
and
your
staff
comfort
me.
You
spread
a
table
for
me
in
face
of
my
foes;
with
oil
you
anoint
my
head,
and
my
cup
runs
over.
Surely
goodness
and
love
will
pursue
me –
all
the
days
of
my
life.
In
the
house
of
the
Lord
I
will
live
through
the
length
of
the
days.
Psalm 24 – The True Worshipper
Of David. A psalm.
The
earth
is
the
Lord’s
and
all
that
it
holds,
the
world
and
those
who
live
in
it.
For
he
founded
it
on
the
seas,
and
on
the
floods
he
sustains
it.
Who
may
ascend
the
hill
of
the
Lord?
Who
may
stand
in
his
holy
place?
The
clean
of
hands,
the
pure
of
heart,
who
sets
not
their
heart
upon
sinful
things,
nor
swears
with
intent
to
deceive:
they
win
from
the
Lord
a
blessing:
God
is
their
champion
and
savior.
Such
must
be
those
who
resort
to
him,
and
seek
the
face
of
the
God
of
Jacob.
Selah
The Lords’s Triumphal
Entry
into
the
Sanctuary
Lift
high
your
heads,
you
gates –
Higher,
you
ancient
doors;
welcome
the
glorious
king.
“Who
is
the
glorious
king?”
“The
Lord
strong
and heroic,
the
Lord heroic
in
battle.”
Lift
high
your
heads,
you
gates –
Higher,
you
ancient
doors;
welcome
the
glorious
king.
“Who
is
the
glorious
king?”
“The
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts,
he
is
the
glorious
king.”
Selah
Psalm 25 – A Prayer for Forgiveness and Protection
A psalm of David.
To
you,
O
Lord,
I
lift
up
my
heart:
all
the
day
I
wait
for
you.
In
you
I
trust,
put
me
not
to
shame;
let
not
my
foes
exult
over
me.
None
will
be
shamed
who
wait
for
you,
but
shame
will
fall
upon
wanton traitors.
Make
me,
O
Lord,
to
know
your
ways:
teach
me
your
paths.
In
your
faithfulness
guide
me
and
teach
me,
for
you
are
my
God
and
my
savior.
Remember
your
pity,
O
Lord,
and
your
kindness,
for
they
have
been
ever
of
old.
Do
not
remember
the
sins
of
my
youth;
remember
me
in
kindness,
because
of
your
goodness,
Lord.
Good
is
the
Lord
and
upright,
so
he
teaches
sinners
the
way.
The
humble
he
guides
in
the
right,
he
teaches
the
humble
his
way.
All
his
ways
are
loving
and
loyal
to
those
who
observe
his
charges
and
covenant.
Be
true
to
your
name
Lord,
forgive
my
many
sins.
Who
then
is
the
person
who
fears
the
Lord?
He
will
teach
them
the
way
to
choose.
They
will
live
in
prosperity,
their
children
will
inherit
the
land.
The
Lord
gives
guidance
to
those
who
fear
him,
and
with
his
covenant
he
makes
them
acquainted.
My
eyes
are
ever
toward
the
Lord,
for
out
of
the
net
he
brings
my
foot.
Turn
to
me
with
your
favor,
for
I
am
lonely
and
crushed
In
my
heart
are strain
and
storm;
bring
me
out
of
my
distresses.
Look
on
my
misery
and
trouble,
and
pardon
all
my
sins,
look
on
my
foes
oh,
so
many!
And
their
cruel
hatred towards
me.
Deliver
me,
keep
me,
and
shame
not
one
who
takes
refuge
in
you.
May
integrity
and
innocence
preserve
me,
for
I
wait
for
you,
O
Lord.
Redeem
Israel,
O
God,
from
all
its
distresses.
Psalm 26 – Prayer of a Devout Worshipper
A psalm of David.
Defend
me,
O
Lord,
for
my
walk
has
been
blameless;
in
the
Lord
have
I
trusted unswervingly:
Examine
me,
Lord,
and
test
me;
test
my
heart
and
my
mind.
For
your
love
is
before
my
eyes,
and
your
faithfulness governs
my
way.
I
never
sat
down
with
the
worthless,
nor companied
with
dissemblers.
I
hate
the
assembly
of knaves,
I
would
never
sit
down
with
the
wicked;
but,
with
hands
washed
in
innocence,
I
would
march
round
your
altar,
O
Lord,
singing
loud
songs
of
thanks,
and
telling
of
all
your
wonders.
O
Lord,
I
love
your
house,
the
place
where
your
glory
lives.
Do
not
gather
me
up
with
sinners;
slay
me
not
with
people
of
blood,
whose
hands
are
stained
with villainy,
and
whose
right
hand
is
filled
with
bribes.
But
my
walk
is
blameless!
O
redeem
me,
be
gracious
to
me.
My
foot
stands
on
even
ground,
in
the
choirs
I
will
bless
the
Lord.
Psalm 27 – If God is for Me
A psalm of David.
The
Lord
is
my
light
and
my
savior;
whom
then
should
I
fear?
The
Lord
protects
my
life;
whom
then
should
I
dread?
When
the
wicked
drew
near
to
assail
me
and
eat
up
my
flesh,
it
was
those
who
distressed
and
opposed
me
who
stumbled
and
fell.
Though
against
me
a
host
should
encamp,
yet
my
heart
would
be fearless:
though
battle
should
rise
up
against
me,
still
would
I
be trustful.
One
thing
have
I
asked
of
the
Lord,
and
that
do
I
long
for –
To
live
in
the
house
of
the
Lord
all
the
days
of
my
life,
to
gaze
on
the
grace
of
the
Lord
and
inquire
in
his
temple.
For
he
will
hide
me
in
his
shelter
in
the
day
of
misfortune.
In
his sheltering
tent
he
hides
me:
he
lifts
me
up
on
a
rock.
And
now
that
my
head
he
has
lifted
above
my
encircling
foes,
I
will
march
round
the
altar
and
sacrifice,
shouting
with
joy,
in
his
tent,
making
music
and
song
to
the
Lord.
The Serenity
of
Faith
Hear,
O
Lord,
my
loud
cry,
and
graciously
answer
me.
My
heart
has
said
to
you,
“Your
face,
O
Lord,
I
seek.”
Hide
not
your
face
from
me,
reject
not
your
servant
in
anger:
for
you
have
been
my
help.
Abandon
me
not,
nor
forsake
me,
O
God
of
my
help:
for
father
and
mother
have
left
me;
but
the
Lord
will
take
me
up.
Teach
me
your
way,
O
Lord:
lead
me
in
an
even
path,
because
of
my
enemies.
Give
me
not
up,
O
Lord,
unto
the
rage
of
my
foes;
for
against
me
have
risen
false
witnesses,
breathing
out
cruelty.
Firm
is
the
faith
I
cherish,
that
I,
in
the
land
of
the
living,
will
yet
see
the
goodness
of
God.
Let
your
heart
be
courageous
and
strong,
and
wait
on
the
Lord.
Psalm 28 – An Answered Prayer for Help
Of David.
Unto
you,
O
Lord,
do
I
cry;
my
rock,
be
not
deaf
to
me:
lest,
through
holding
your
peace,
I
become
like
those
who
go
down
to
the
pit.
Hear
my
loud
entreaty,
as
I
cry
for
help
to
you,
lifting
my
hands,
O
Lord,
towards
your
holy chancel.
Take
me
not
off
with
the
wicked,
nor
with
the
workers
of
wrong,
whose
speech
to
their
neighbors
is
friendly,
while
evil
is
in
their
heart.
Give
them
as
they
have
done,
as
their
wicked
deeds
deserve.
As
their
hands
have
wrought,
so
give
to
them:
requite
to
them
their
deserts.
They
are
blind
to
all
that
the
Lord
does,
to
all
that
his
hands
have
wrought;
and
so
he
will
tear
them
down,
to
build
them
up
no
more.
Blest
be
the
Lord,
who
has
heard
my
voice
as
I
plead
for
mercy.
The
Lord
is
my
strength
and
my
shield;
my
heart
trusts
in
him.
I
was
helped:
so
my
heart
is
exultant,
and
in
my
song
I
will
praise
him.
The
Lord
is
the
strength
of
his
people,
the
fortress
who
saves
his
anointed.
O
save
your
people,
and
bless
your
inheritance.
Be
their
shepherd
and
carry
them
forever.
Psalm 29 – The Lord’s Glory in the Storm
A psalm of David.
Ascribe
to
the
Lord,
you
heavenly
beings,
ascribe
to
the
Lord
glory
and
power
Ascribe
to
the
Lord
the
glory
he manifests:
bow
to
the
Lord
in
holy
array.
The
Lord’s
voice peals
on
the
waters.
The
God
of
glory
has
thundered.
He peals o’er
the
mighty
waters.
The
Lord’s
voice
sounds
with
strength,
the
Lord’s
voice
sounds
with
majesty.
The
Lord’s
voice
breaks
the
cedars,
he
breaks
the
cedars
of
Lebanon,
making
Lebanon
dance
like
a
calf,
Sirion
like
a
young
wild
ox.
The
Lord’s
voice
hews
out
flames
of
fire.
The
Lord’s
voice rends
the
desert,
he rends
the
desert
of
Kadesh.
The
Lord’s
voice
whirls
the
oaks,
and
strips
the
forests
bare;
and
all
in
his
temple
say “Glory.”
The
Lord
was
king
at
the
flood,
the
Lord
sits throned
forever.
The
Lord
gives
strength
to
his
people,
he
blesses
his
people
with
peace.
Psalm 30 – A Song of Thanksgiving for Deliverance
A psalm of David. A song for the dedication of the Temple.
I
will
extol
you,
O
Lord,
because
you
have
lifted
me
up,
and
not
suffered
my
foes
to
rejoice
over
me.
I
cried
to
you
for
help,
O
Lord
my
God,
and
you
healed
me.
You
have
brought
me
up,
Lord,
from
Sheol,
from
my
way
to
the
pit
back
to
life
you
have
called
me.
Sing
praise
to
the
Lord,
faithful
people;
give
thanks
to
his
holy
name.
For
his
anger
lasts
only
a
moment,
his
favor
endures
for
a
lifetime.
Weeping
may
lodge
for
the
night,
but
the
morning
brings
shouts
of
joy.
When
all
went
well,
I
imagined
that
never
should
I
be
shaken.
For
by
your
favor,
O
Lord,
you
had
set
me
on
mountains
strong:
but
you
hide
your
face,
and
I
was
confounded.
Then
to
you,
Lord,
I
cried,
to
the
Lord
I
begged
for
mercy,
“What
profit
is
there
in
my
blood,
if
I
go
down
to
the
pit?
Can
you
be
praised
by
dust?
Can
it
tell
of
your
faithfulness?
Hear,
Lord,
and
show
me
your
favor,
Lord
be
a
helper
to
me.”
You
have
turned
my
mourning
to
dancing;
my
sackcloth
you
have unloosed,
and
clothed
me
with
joy:
that
unceasingly
I
should
sing
your
praise,
and
give
thanks
to
you,
Lord
my
God,
forever.
Psalm 31 – A Prayer for Deliverance from Troubles
For the leader. A psalm of David.
In
you,
O
Lord,
I
take
refuge;
let
me
never
be
put
to
shame.
Rescue
me
in
your
faithfulness;
incline
to
me
your
ear.
Deliver
me
speedily.
Be
to
me
a
rock
of
defence,
a
fortified
house,
to
save
me.
For
my
rock
and
my
fortress
are
you;
lead
me
and
guide
me
so
your
name
will
be
honored.
Draw
me
out
of
the
net
they
have
hid
for
me,
for
you
yourself
are
my
refuge.
Into
your
hand
I commend
my
spirit:
you
ransom
me,
Lord,
faithful
God.
I
hate
those
devoted
to
worthless
idols;
I
trust
in
the
Lord.
I
will
rejoice
and
be
glad
in
your
love,
because
you
have
looked
on
my
misery,
and
cared
for
me
in
my
distress.
You
have
not
given
me
into
the
enemy’s
hand,
you
have
set
my
feet
in
a
spacious
place.
Be
gracious
to
me,
Lord,
for
I
am
distressed;
my
eye
is
wasted
away
with
sorrow.
For
my
life
is
consumed
with
grief,
and
my
years
with
sighing.
My
strength
is
broken
with
misery,
my
bones
waste
away.
The
scorn
of
all
my
foes,
the
butt
of
my
neighbors
am
I,
a
terror
to
my
acquaintance.
At
the
sight
of
me
in
the
street
people
turn
quickly
away.
I
am
clean
forgotten
like
the
dead,
am
become
like
a
ruined
vessel.
I
hear
the whispers
of
many –
terror
on
every
side –
scheming
together
against
me,
plotting
to
take
my
life.
But
my
trust
is
in
you,
Lord.
“You
are
my
God,”
I
say;
my
times
are
in
your
hand,
save
me
from
the
hand
of
the
foes
who
pursue
me.
Make
your
face
to
shine
on
your
servant,
save
me
in
your
love.
Put
me
not,
O
Lord,
to
shame,
for
I
have
called
upon
you.
Let
the
wicked
be
put
to
shame
silent
in
Sheol.
Strike
the
false
lips
dumb,
that
speak
proudly
against
the
righteous
with
haughtiness
and
contempt.
How
great
is
the
goodness
you
have
treasured
for
those
who
fear
you,
and
wrought
for
those
who
take
refuge
in
you,
in
plain
sight
of
all!
In
your sheltering
wings
you
hide
them
from plottings
of
people,
you
keep
them
safe
in
a bower
from
the
chiding
of
tongues.
Blest
be
the
Lord
for
the
wonderful
love
he
has
shown
me
in
time
of
distress.
For
I
had
said
in
panic,
“I
am
driven
clean
out
of
your
sight.”
But
you
heard
my
plea,
when
I
cried
to
you
for
help.
Love
the
Lord,
all
you
faithful;
the
Lord
protects
the
loyal,
but
repays
the
haughty
in
full.
Let
your
hearts
be
courageous
and
strong,
all
you
who
wait
on
the
Lord.
Psalm 32 – A Prayer of Confession and Joy
Of David. A maskil.
Happy
those
whose
transgression
is
pardoned,
whose
sin
is
covered.
Happy
are
those,
free
from falseness
of
spirit,
to
whom
the
Lord reckons
no
debt
of
guilt.
When
I
held
my
peace,
my
bones
wore
away
with
my
endless
groaning;
for
day
and
night
did
your
hand
lie
heavy
upon
me.
The
sap
of
my
life
was
dried
up
as
with
fierce summer-heat.
Selah
I
began
to
acknowledge
my
sin,
not concealing
my
guilt;
and
the
moment
I
vowed
to
confess
to
the
Lord
my
transgression,
then
you
yourself
did
pardon
the
guilt
of
my
sin.
Selah
For
this
cause
let
all
who
are
faithful
pray
to
you
in
the
time
of
distress;
then,
when
the
great
waters
rush,
they
will
not
reach
to
him.
For
you
are
my
shelter,
you
protect
me
from
trouble,
and
surround
me
with
deliverance.
Selah
“With
my
eye steadfastly
upon
you,
I
will
instruct
and
teach
you
The
way
you
should
go.
Do
not
be
like
the
horse
or
the
mule,
that
have
no
understanding,
but
need
bridle
and halter
to curb
them,
else
they
will
not
come
near
to
you.”
The
godless
have
many
sorrows,
but
those
who
trust
in
the
Lord
will
be
compassed
about
by
his
kindness.
Be
glad
in
the
Lord,
and
rejoice,
you
righteous;
and
ring
out
your
joy,
all
you
upright
in
heart.
Psalm 33 – A Hymn of Thanksgiving
Shout
for
joy
in
the
Lord,
you
righteous:
praise
for
the
upright
is
seemly.
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
on
the
lyre,
play
to
him
on
a
ten-stringed
harp.
Sing
to
him
a
new
song,
play
skilfully
and
shout
merrily.
For
the
Lord
is
straight
in
his
promise;
and
all
that
he
does
is
in
faithfulness.
Justice
and
right
he
loves;
the
earth
is
full
of
his
kindness.
By
his
word
the
heavens
were
made,
all
their
host
by
the
breath
of
his
mouth.
He
gathers
the
sea
in
a
bottle,
the
ocean
he
puts
into store-houses.
Let
the
whole
world
honor
the
Lord,
let
all
who
live
on
earth
be
in
awe.
For
at
his
word
it
came
into
being,
at
his
command
it
stood
forth.
The
Lord
frustrates
the
designs
of
the
nations,
what
the
peoples
have
purposed,
he
brings
to
nought,
but
the
Lord’s
own
design
will
stand
forever,
and
what
his
heart
has
purposed,
through
all
generations.
Happy
the
nation
whose
God
is
the
Lord,
the
people
he
chose
for
himself
as
his
own.
The
Lord
looks
down
from
heaven,
he
sees
all
of
humanity;
from
where
he
rules
he
gazes
on
all
who
inhabit
the
earth.
He
fashions
the
hearts
of
them
all,
and
gives
heed
to
all
that
they
do.
It
is
not
by
great
armies
that
kings
are
victorious,
it
is
not
by
great
strength
that
a
warrior
saves
himself;
false
hope
is
the war-horse
to usher
in
victory,
for
all
its
great
might
it
can
provide
no
escape.
See!
The
eye
of
the
Lord
is
on
those
who
fear
him,
on
those
who
hope
in
his
kindness;
to
deliver
their
life
from
death,
and
to
keep
them
alive
in
famine.
We
wait
for
the
Lord:
he
is
our
help
and
our
shield.
For
in
him
our
heart
is
glad,
we
trust
in
his
holy
name.
Let
your
kindness,
O
Lord,
be
upon
us,
as
is
our
hope
in
you.
Psalm 34 – The Lord is Mindful of His Own
Of David, when he feigned madness in the presence of Abimelech, who drove him away, and he left.
I
will
bless
the
Lord
at
all
times,
in
my
mouth
will
his
praise
be
forever.
In
the
Lord
will
my
heart
make
her
boast,
the
humble
will
hear
and
be
glad.
O
magnify
the
Lord
with
me
and
let
us
extol
his
name
together.
I
sought
the
Lord,
and,
in
answer,
he
saved
me
from
all
my
terrors.
Look
to
him
and
you
will
be
radiant,
with
faces unashamed.
Here
is
one
who
was
crushed,
but
cried
and
was
heard
by
the
Lord,
and
brought
safe
out
of
every
trouble.
The
Lord’s
angel
encamps
about
those
who
fear
him,
and
rescues
them.
O
taste
and
see
that
the
Lord
is
good,
happy
those
who
take
refuge
in
him.
Fear
the
Lord,
all
his
people,
for
they
who
fear
him
lack
nothing.
Even
young
lions
may
be
poor
and
hungry,
but
those
who
seek
the
Lord
will
not
lack
any
good
thing.
Come,
children,
listen
to
me.
I
will
teach
you
the
fear
of
the
Lord.
Which
of
you
is
desirous
of
life,
loves
many
and
happy
days?
Then
guard
your
tongue
from
evil,
and
your
lips
from
speaking
deceit.
Depart
from
evil,
and
do
good;
seek
peace,
and
pursue
it.
The
eyes
of
the
Lord
are towards
the
righteous,
his
ears
are towards
their
cry
for
help.
The
Lord
sets
his
face
against
those
who
do
evil,
to
root
their
memory
out
of
the
earth.
When
righteous
cry,
they
are
heard
by
the
Lord,
and
he
saves
them
from
all
their
distresses.
The
Lord
is
near
to
the broken-hearted,
he
helps
those
whose
spirit
is
crushed.
Many
misfortunes
befall
the
righteous,
but
the
Lord
delivers
them
out
of
them
all.
He
guards
all
their
bones,
none
are
broken.
Misfortune
will
slay
the
ungodly;
those
who
hate
the
righteous
are
doomed.
The
Lord ransoms
the
life
of
his
servants,
and
none
will
be
doomed
who
takes
refuge
in
him.
Psalm 35 – A Prayer for Deliverance from Malicious Foes
Of David.
Contend,
Lord,
with
those
who
contend
with
me,
do
battle
with
those
who
do
battle
with
me.
Grasp
shield
and
buckler,
and
rise
up
as
my
help.
Draw
spear
and
battle-axe,
confront
those
who
pursue
me.
Assure
me
that
you
will
help
me.
Dishonor
and
shame
be
on
those
who
are
seeking
my
life!
Defeat
and
confusion
on
those
who
are
planning
my
hurt!
As
chaff
before
wind
may
they
be,
with
the
Lord’s
angel
pursuing
them.
Slippery
and
dark
be
their
way,
with
his
angel
thrusting
them
on.
For
they wantonly
hid
their
net
for
me,
and
dug
a
pit
to
destroy
me.
Upon
them
may
ruin
come
unawares;
may
the
net
which
they
hid
catch
themselves,
and
into
the
pit
may
they
fall.
Then
I
will
exult
in
the
Lord,
and
be
joyful
because
of
his
help;
and
all
my
being
will
say,
“Who,
O
Lord,
is
like
you,
who
save
the
helpless
from
those
too
strong
for
them,
the
poor
and
the
helpless
from
those
who
despoil
them?”
Violent
witnesses
rise,
and
ask
of
me
things
that
I
know
not.
Evil
for
good
they
requite
me,
leaving
me
inwardly comfortless.
But
when
they
were
sick,
I
put
on
sackcloth,
and
chastened
myself
with
fasting.
I
prayed
with
head
bowed
low,
as
if
for
my
friend
or
my
brother.
I
went
about
bowed
and
in
mourning,
as
one
who
laments
his
mother.
When
I
stumbled,
they gleefully
gathered,
strangers
gathered
around
me,
and
tore
at
me
without
ceasing,
impiously
mocking
and
mocking,
bearing
their
teeth
at
me.
How
long,
Lord,
will
you
look
on?
Rescue
me
from
their
roaring,
my
precious
life
from
the
lions.
I
will
then
give
you
thanks
in
the
great
congregation,
and
praise
you
before
many
people.
Suffer
not
those
to
rejoice
over
me
who
are
falsely
my
foes,
suffer
not
those
who
without
cause
abhor
me
to
wink
with
the
eye.
For
it
is
not
peace
that
they
speak
of
those
who
are
quiet
in
the
land;
but
treacherous
charges
they
plot.
With
wide
open
mouths
they
shout,
“Hurrah! Hurrah!
With
our
own
eyes
we
saw
it.”
But
you
have
seen,
too,
O
Lord,
keep
not
silence,
O
Lord,
be
not
far
from
me.
Bestir
you,
awake,
for
my
right
my
God,
my
Lord,
for
my
cause.
You
are
just,
Lord:
win
for
me
justice,
let
them
not
rejoice
over
me,
inwardly
saying, “Hurrah!
The
desire
of
our
hearts
at
last!
Now
we
have
swallowed
him
up.”
Shame
and
confusion
together
on
those
who
rejoice
at
my
hurt!
Clothed
with
shame
and
dishonor
be
those
who
are
haughty
to
me!
Let
such
as
delight
in
my
cause
ring
out
their
gladness,
and
say
evermore,
“Great
is
the
Lord
whose
delight
is
the
well-being
of
his
servant.”
Then
my
tongue
will
tell
of
your
justice,
and
all
the
day
long
of
your
praise.
Psalm 36 – The Triumphant Power of God’s Love
For the leader. Of the servant of the
Lord, of David.
Sin whispers
within
the
heart
of
the
wicked,
who
have
no
dread
of
God
before
their
eyes.
It
flatters
them
in
their
eyes
that
their
sin
will
not
be
found
out.
First,
their
speech
becomes
wicked
and
false,
they
give
up
acting
wisely
and
well.
Then
they
plot deliberate
wrong,
take
their
stand
on
the
wicked
way,
without
the
least shrinking
from
evil.
Your
love,
O
Lord,
touches
the
heavens,
your
faithfulness
reaches
the
clouds.
Your
justice
is
like
the
great
mountains,
your
judgments
are
like
the
broad
sea.
Lord,
you
save
people
and
animals.
How
precious
your
love,
O
God!
All
may
seek
shelter
in
the
shadow
of
your
wings.
They
feast
on
the
fat
of
your
house,
they
drink
of
your
brook
of
delights.
For
with
you
is
the
fountain
of
life,
in
the
light
that
is
yours
we
see
light.
O
continue
your
grace
to
the
faithful,
your
love
to
the
upright
in
heart.
Let
no
arrogant
foot
tread
upon
me,
no
wicked
hand
drive
me
to
exile.
There
the
workers
of
wrong
lie
prostrate,
thrust
down
to
rise
up
no
more.
Psalm 37 – Trust in the Lord and Do Good
Of David.
Be
not
kindled
to
wrath
at
the
wicked,
nor
envious
of
those
who
work
wrong;
for,
like
grass,
they
will
speedily
wither,
and
fade
like
the
green
of
young
grass.
Trust
in
the
Lord,
and
do
good;
remain
in
the
land,
and
deal
faithfully:
then
the
Lord
will
be
your
delight,
he
will
grant
you
your
heart’s
petitions.
Commit
your
way
to
the
Lord;
trust
in
him,
and
he
will
act,
making
clear
as
the
light
your
right,
and
your
just
cause
clear
as
the noon-day.
In
silence
and
patience
wait
on
the
Lord.
Be
not
kindled
to
anger
at
those
who
prosper.
At
those
who
execute
evil
devices.
Desist
from
anger,
abandon
wrath:
be
not
kindled
to
anger
it
leads
but
to
evil:
for
evildoers
will
be
cut
off,
but
the
land
will
be
theirs,
who
wait
on
the
Lord.
Yet
but
a
little,
and
the
wicked
vanish:
look
at
their
place:
they
are
there
no
more.
But
the
humble
will
have
the
land,
and
the rapture
of
peace
in
abundance.
The
wicked
plots
against
the
righteous,
snarls
like
a
wild
animal;
the
Lord
laughs,
for
he
sees
that
his
day
is
coming.
The
wicked
have
drawn
the
sword,
and
bent
the
bow,
to
fell
the
poor,
to
slay
those
who
walk
uprightly;
but
their
sword
will
pierce
their
own
heart,
and
their
bows
will
be
broken
in
pieces.
Better
is
the
righteous
person’s
little
than
the
wealth
of
many
wicked.
For
the
arms
of
the
wicked
will
be
broken,
but
the
Lord
upholds
the
righteous.
The
Lord
watches
over
the
days
of
the
blameless,
their
heritage
will
continue
forever.
They
will
not
be
shamed
in
the
evil
time,
in
the
days
of
famine
they
will
be
satisfied.
Because
the
wicked
will
perish:
but
the
foes
of
the
Lord,
like
a
brand
in
the
oven,
will
vanish,
like
smoke
they
will
vanish.
The
wicked
must
borrow
and
cannot
pay
back,
but
the
righteous
is
lavish
and
gives.
For
those blest
by
the
Lord
inherit
the
land,
while
those
whom
he
curses
will
be
cut
off.
The
Lord
supports
the
steps
of
those
with
whom
he
is
pleased.
Though
they
fall,
they
will
not
be
cast
headlong,
for
the
Lord
holds
their
hands.
Never,
from
youth
to
age,
have
I
seen
the
righteous
forsaken,
or
their
children
begging
bread.
They
are
ever lavishly
lending,
and
their
children
are
fountains
of
blessing.
Turn
away
from
evil
and
do
good
and
you
will
live
in
the
land
forever.
For
the
Lord
loves
justice,
he
does
not
forsake
his
friends.
The
unrighteous
will
be
destroyed
forever,
and
the
seed
of
the
wicked
will
be
cut
off.
But
the
land
will
belong
to
the
righteous,
they
will
live
upon
it
forever,
The
mouth
of
the
righteous
murmurs
wisdom,
and
words
of
justice
are
on
their
tongues.
The
law
of
their
God
is
in
their
heart,
their
steps
are
never
unsteady.
The
wicked
watches
the
righteous,
and
seeks
to
put
them
to
death.
But
the
Lord
leaves
them
not
in
their
hand:
at
their
trial
they
will
not
be
held
guilty.
Wait
on
the
Lord,
and
observe
his
way:
he
will
lift
you
to
honor
the
land
will
be
yours,
you
will
feast
your
eyes
on
the
doom
of
the
wicked.
I
have
seen
the
wicked
exultant,
lifting
themselves
like
a
cedar
of
Lebanon.
But
the
moment
I
passed,
they
vanished!
I
sought
for
them,
but
they
could
not
be
found.
Preserve
your
honor
and
practise
uprightness,
for
such
a
person fares
well
in
the
end.
But
transgressors
will
perish
together.
Cut
off
are
the
wicked
forever.
The
righteous
are
saved
by
the
Lord,
who
in
time
of
distress
is
their
refuge:
the
Lord
helps
and
rescue
them,
from
the
wicked
he
rescues
and
saves
them,
because
they
take
refuge
in
him.
Psalm 38 – A Confession and Prayer for Deliverance
A Psalm of David. A lament.
Reprove
me
not,
Lord,
in
your
anger,
and
chasten
me
not
in
your
wrath;
for
your
arrows
have
sunk
into
me,
and
your
hand
lies
heavy
upon
me.
In
my
flesh
is
no
soundness
because
of
your
anger,
no
health
in
my
bones,
because
of
my
sin.
For
that
my
guilt
is
gone
over
my
head:
it
weighs
like
a
burden
too
heavy
for
me.
My
wounds
stink
and
fester,
for
my
foolishness
I
am
tormented.
Bent
and
bowed
am
I
utterly,
all
the
day
going
in
mourning.
My
loins
are
filled
with
burning,
and
in
my
flesh
is
no
soundness.
I
am
utterly
crushed
and numb;
I
cry
louder
than
lion
roars.
Lord,
you
know
all
that
I
long
for,
my
groans
are
not
hidden
from
you.
My
heart
is throbbing,
my
strength
has
failed
me.
The
light
of
my
eyes –
even
it
is
gone
from
me.
My
dear
ones
and
friends
keep
aloof,
and
my
neighbors
stand
afar
off.
They
who
aim
at
my
life
lay
their
snares,
they
who
seek
my
hurt
speak
of
ruin,
nursing
treachery
all
the
day
long.
But
I
turn
a
deaf
ear
and
hear
not;
like
the
dumb
I
open
not
my
mouth.
I
am
like
one
without
hearing,
with
no
arguments
in
my
mouth.
For
my
hope,
O
Lord,
is
in
you.
You
will
answer,
O
Lord
my
God,
when
I
utter
the
hope
that
those
who
made
scorn
of
my
tottering
feet
may
not
rejoice
over
me.
For
I
am
ready
to
fall,
my
pain
forsakes
me
never.
I
acknowledge
my
guilt,
I
am
anxious
because
of
my
sin:
My
wanton
assailants
are
strong,
those
who
wrongfully
hate
me
are
many,
who
render
me
evil
for
good,
and
oppose
me,
because
I
make
good
my
goal.
Do
not
forsake
me,
O
Lord;
my
God,
be
not
far
from
me.
Hasten
to
help
me,
O
Lord
my
savior.
Psalm 39 – The Pathos of Life
For the leader; for Jeduthun. A psalm of David.
I
vowed
to
watch
my
words,
and
sin
not
with
my
tongue,
but
to
put
on
my
mouth
a
muzzle,
while
the
wicked
were
in
my
presence.
I
was
silent
and
dumb,
speechless:
but
my
pain
was
stirred
up.
My
heart
grew
hot
within
me;
as
I mused,
the
fire
was
kindled,
till
at
last
the
words
came
to
my
tongue.
“Teach
me,
O
Lord,
my
end,
and
the
sum
of
my
days
what
it
is.
Let
me
know
how
transient
I
am.
See!
My
days
you
have
made
but
a
span,
and
my
life
is
as
nothing
before
you.
It
is
but
as
a
breath
that
everyone
stands:
Selah
it
is
but
in
mere semblance
we
walk
to
and
fro,
and
all
our
noise
is
for
nothing.
We
heap
up,
and
know
not
who
will
gather.”
And
now,
what
wait
I
for,
Lord?
My
hope
is
in
you.
From
all
my
transgressions
deliver
me;
make
me
not
the
scorn
of
the
fool.
I
am
dumb,
never
opening
my
mouth,
for
this
is
your
own
doing.
Remove
your
stroke
from
off
me:
by
the
might
of
your
hand
I
am
spent.
When
you
rebuke
someone
to
punish
their
sins,
you
consume,
like
a
moth,
what
they
treasures.
Everyone
is
only
a
breath.
Selah
Hear
my
prayer,
O
Lord;
attend
to
my
cry
for
help.
Hold
not
your
peace
at
my
tears.
For
I
am
but
a
guest
of
yours,
a
stranger
visiting,
like
all
my
ancestors.
Look
away
from
me,
let
me
smile
again,
before
I
die
and
am
gone.
Psalm 40 – Thanksgiving and Petition
For the leader. A psalm of David.
For
the
Lord
I
waited
and
waited,
till, inclining
to
me,
he
heard
my
cry.
From
the
horrible
pit
he
drew
me,
up
out
of
the
miry
clay;
he
set
my
feet
on
a
rock,
and
my
steps
he
made
firm.
He
put
a
new
song
in
my
mouth,
of
praise
to
our
God.
Many
see
it,
and,
filled
with
awe,
put
their
trust
in
the
Lord.
Happy
the
person
who
has
put
in
the
Lord
their
trust,
not
looking
to
false
gods
or
turning
to
idols.
With
us
you
have
wrought
in
rich
measure,
O
Lord
our
God,
your
marvels
and
purposes
for
us –
none
may
compare
with
you –
were
I
to
declare
or
to
tell
them,
past
counting
are
they.
In
offerings
bloody
or bloodless
you
have
no
delight,
but
with
open
ears
you
have
made
me.
Burnt-offering
and
offering
for
sin
are
not
what
you
ask.
Then
said
I, “Here
I
am,
as
the
roll
of
the
book
has
enjoined.
My
delight,
O
God,
is
to
do
your
will,
and
your
law
is
within
my
heart.”
Well,
O
Lord,
you
know
that,
with
lips
unrestrained,
your
righteousness
I
told
in
the
great
congregation,
not
hiding
it
in
my
heart.
I
have
told
of
your
steadfast
help,
from
the
great
congregation
I
hid
not
your
love
and
your
faithfulness.
So
do
not
restrain,
Lord,
your
pity
from
us.
Your
love
and
your
faithfulness –
ever
may
they
be
our
shield.
For
evils
that
cannot
be
numbered
have
compassed
me
round.
My
transgressions
have
followed
me
up –
I
can
bear
it
no
more.
They
are
more
than
the
hairs
of
my
head,
and
my
heart
has
forsaken
me.
O
Lord,
be
pleased
to
deliver
me,
haste
to
my
help,
O
Lord.
May
those
who
are
seeking
my
life
be
ashamed
and
confounded
together;
may
those
who
delight
in
my
hurt
be
defeated
and
brought
to
dishonor.
May
those
who hurrah
over
me
be
dumbfounded
because
of
their
shame.
But
may
all
who
seek
after
you
rejoice
and
be
glad
in
you.
May
all
those
eager
for
your aid,
say, “Great
is
the
Lord”
evermore.
I
am
weak
and
needy,
yet
the
Lord
cares
for
me.
You
are
my
help
and
deliverer;
don’t
delay,
my
God.
Psalm 41 – A Prayer for Healing and Vindication
For the leader; for Jeduthun. A psalm of David.
Happy
are
those
who
consider
the
weak;
in
the
day
of
misfortune
the
Lord
will
deliver
them.
He
will
keep
them
safe,
happy,
and
long
in
the
land,
and
not
give
them
up
to
the
rage
of
their
foes.
The
Lord
will
sustain
them
on
bed
of
languishing;
tending
their
sickness,
as
long
as
they
lie.
For
this
cause
I
say, “
Lord,
show
me
your
favor;
heal
me,
because
I
have
sinned
against
you.”
My
enemies
speak
of
me
nothing
but
evil,
“When
will
he
die,
and
his
name
pass
away?”
When
one
comes
to
see
me,
their
words
ring
hollow;
their
heart
keeps
gathering
mischief
the
while;
and
when
they
go
out,
they
give
it
speech.
In
secret
they
whisper
together
against
me,
all
those
who
hate
me
plot
evil
against
me.
“Some fatal
disease
has
fastened
upon
him;
and
now
that
he
lies,
he
will
rise
up
no
more.”
My
most
trusted
friend,
on
whom
I
relied,
who
ate
of
my
bread,
has
turned
against
me.
But
do
you,
Lord,
graciously
raise
me
up,
that
I
may
pay
them
their
due
reward.
By
this
will
I
know
you
delight
in
me:
if
my
foes
may
not
shout
over
me
in
triumph.
For
my
innocence
you
uphold
me,
and
set
me
forever
before
your
face.
Blessed be the
Lord, the God of Israel,
from everlasting to everlasting,
Amen and Amen.
Book Two
Psalm 42 – Yearning for God
For the leader. A maskil of the Korahites.
Like
the
hart
which
longs
for
brooks
of
water,
I
long
for
you,
God.
I
thirst
for
God,
for
my
living
God.
When
shall
I
enter
in,
and
see
the
face
of
God?
My
tears
have
been
my
food
by
day
and
by
night;
for
they
say
to
me
all
the
day
long,
“Where
is
your
God?”
My
heart
floods
with
sorrow,
as
I
call
to
mind:
how
I
used
to
pass
on
with
the
throng,
at
their
head,
to
the
house
of
God,
with
glad
shouts
and
giving
of
thanks,
in
the
throng
who
kept
festival.
Why
am
I downcast?
Why
this
moaning
within
me?
Hope
in
God;
for
yet
will
I
praise
him,
my
help,
my
God.
I
am
sunk
in
my
misery;
I
will
therefore
call
you
to
mind
from
the
land
of
Jordan
and
Hermon,
the
mountain
Mizar.
Flood
is
calling
to
flood
at
the
noise
of
your cataracts;
all
your
waves
and
your
breakers
have
passed
over
me.
In
the
day
I
cry
to
the
Lord
to
summon
his
kindness;
and
the
song
that
I
sing
in
the
night
is
a
prayer
to
the
living
God.
I
say
to
God
my
rock,
“Why
have
you
forgotten
me?
Why
must
I
walk
so
sadly,
so
hard
pressed
by
the
foe?”
It
pierces
me
to
the
heart
to
hear
the
enemy’s
taunts,
as
all
the
day
long
they
say
to
me,
“Where
is
your
God?”
Why
am
I downcast?
Why
this
moaning
within
me?
Hope
in
God;
for
yet
will
I
praise
him,
my
help,
my
God.
Psalm 43 – Plea for Help
Right
me,
defend
my
cause
against
a pitiless
people.
From
the
crafty
and
crooked,
O
God,
deliver
me.
For
you
are
God
my
protector:
why
have
you
cast
me
off?
Why
must
I
walk
so
sadly,
so
hard
pressed
by
the
foe?
Send
forth
your
light
and
your
truth,
let
them
be
my
guides:
to
your
holy
hill
let
them
bring
me,
to
the
place
where
you
live.
Then
will
I
go
to
God’s
altar,
to
God
my
rejoicing;
and
with
joy
on
the
lyre
I
will
praise
you,
O
God,
my
God.
Why
am
I downcast?
Why
this
moaning
within
me?
Hope
in
God;
for
yet
will
I
praise
him,
my
help,
my
God.
Psalm 44 – A Lament in Defeat
For the leader. Of the Korahites. A maskil.
O
God,
we
have
heard
with
our
ears,
all
our
ancestors
have
told
us
of
the
work
that
you
wrought
in
their
day,
your
wonders
in
days
of
old,
uprooting
and
crushing
the
nations,
then
planting
and
settling
them.
For
it wasn’t
their
own
sword
that
won
them
the
land,
it
was
not
their
own
arm
that
brought
them
the
victory.
Yours
was
the
hand
and
the
arm,
yours
was
the
face
that
shone
on
them
with
favor.
It
was
you,
my
king
and
my
God,
that
ordained
the
victories
of
Jacob.
Through
you
we
can
thrust
back
our
foes,
and
by
your
name
tread
down
our
assailants:
for
not
in
my
bow
do
I
trust,
nor
can
my
sword
win
me
the
victory.
Our
victory
comes
from
you,
and
confusion
to
those
who
hate
us.
In
God
we
boast
all
the
day
long,
and
your
name
will
we
praise
forever.
Selah
Yet
you
have
spurned
and
disgraced
us,
in
not
going
forth
with
our
armies,
and
in
making
us
flee
from
the
foe,
so
that
those
who
hated
us
plundered
us.
You
have
let
us
be
eaten
like
sheep,
you
have
scattered
us
over
the
world,
sold
your
people
for
a pittance,
and
getting
no
gain
from
their
price.
You
have
made
us
the
butt
of
our
neighbors,
the
derision
and
scorn
of
all
round
us.
O’er
the
world
you
have
made
us
a
byword,
the
nations
at
us
shake
their
heads.
My
disgrace
is
forever
before
me,
my
face
is
covered
with
shame,
at
the
words
of blasphemer
and
scoffer,
at
the
sight
of
the
foe
and
the vengeful.
All
this
has
come
upon
us,
yet
we
have
not
forgotten
you
nor
falsely
dealt
with
your
covenant.
Our
heart
has
not
turned
back,
nor
our
steps
declined
from
your
way,
that
you
thus
should
have
crushed
us
down,
and
covered
us
over
with
gloom,
in
the
place
where
the
jackals
roam.
Had
we
forgotten
the
name
of
our
God,
or
stretched
out
our
hands
to
a
god
that
was
strange,
would
God
not
have
searched
this
out?
For
he
knows
the
heart
and
its
secrets.
But
in
your
cause
it
is
we
are
killed
all
the
day,
and
counted
as
sheep
for
the
slaughter.
Rouse
yourself,
why
do
you
sleep
Lord?
Awake,
cast
us
not
off
forever.
Why
do
you
hide
your
face,
forgetting
our
stress
and
our
misery?
For
we
have
sunk
down
to
the
dust,
our
bodies
cling
to
the
ground.
Arise,
come
to
our
help:
for
your love’s
sake,
ransom
us.
Psalm 45 – Song for the Marriage of a King
For the leader; on shoshannim. Of the Korahites. A maskil. A love song.
My
heart
is astir
with
beautiful
words:
I
will
sing
a
song,
concerning
the
king,
with
tongue
like
the
pen
of
a
ready
writer.
Your
beauty
is
more
than
mortal,
grace
is
shed
over
your
lips:
therefore
God
has
blessed
you
forever.
Warrior,
strap
your
sword
on
your
thigh.
What
glory
and
splendor!
Good
fortune
attend
you,
as
forth
you
ride
in
the
cause
of
good
faith,
and
as
champion
of
justice.
May
your
arm
instruct
you
in
deeds
of
dread.
Sharp
are
your
arrows;
nations
fall
under
you:
pierced
to
the
heart
are
the
foes
of
the
king.
Your
throne
shall
endure
for
ever
and
ever
your
royal
sceptre
a
sceptre
of
equity.
Right
you
love
and
wrong
you
hate:
therefore
the
Lord
your
God anoints
you
With
oil
of
gladness
above
your
fellows.
With
myrrh,
aloes,
and
cassia
your
robes
are
all
fragrant,
you
are gladdened
by
music
of
ivory
harps.
King’s
daughters
stand
ready
with
jewels
for
you,
at
your
right
hand
the
queen
in
gold
of
Ophir.
Listen,
daughter,
and
see;
and
incline
your
ear:
forget
your
folk
and
your
father’s
house.
And
when
the
king
desires
your
beauty,
bow
to
him,
for
he
is
your
lord.
So
shall
the
Tyrians
come
with
gifts,
and
the
richest
of
people
will
do
you
homage.
The
king’s
daughter
is
glorious
altogether,
with
dress
of
pearls inwrought
with
gold.
In many-coloured
robes
she
is
led
to
the
king,
with
the
virgin
companions
she
brought
in
her
train.
The
king’s
palace
they
enter
with
joy
and
rejoicing.
May
sons
of
yours
take
the
place
of
your
fathers,
whom
you
will
make
princes
in
all
the
land.
Your
name
will
I
celebrate
world
without
end,
so
that
nations
shall
praise
you
for
ever
and
ever.
Psalm 46 – Our God is a Mighty Fortress
For the leader. Of the Korahites, on alamoth. A song.
God
is
our
refuge
and
strength,
a
very
present
help
in
trouble.
So
we
have
no
fear,
though
earth
should
change,
and
the
hills
totter
into
the
heart
of
the
ocean.
Let
its
waters
roar
and
foam,
let
the
mountains
shake
with
the
swelling
thereof.
On
our
side
is
the
Lord
of
hosts,
our
sure
defence
is
the
God
of
Jacob.
Selah
A
river
there
is,
whose
streams
make
glad
God’s
city,
the
home
the
Most
High
has
hallowed.
God
is
within
her:
she
cannot
be
shaken.
God
helps
her
at
the
turn
of
the
morning.
Nations
roared,
kingdoms
tottered:
he
uttered
his
voice,
earth
melted
away.
On
our
side
is
the
Lord
of
hosts,
our
sure
defence
is
the
God
of
Jacob.
Come
and
see
what
the
Lord
has
done,
working appallingly
in
the
earth.
He
stills
wars
to
the
ends
of
the
earth –
breaking
the
bow, snapping
the
spear,
burning
the
chariots
in
the
fire.
“Refrain;
and
know
surely
that
I
am
God,
high
over
the
nations,
high
over
the
world.”
On
our
side
is
the
Lord
of
Hosts,
our
sure
defence
is
the
God
of
Jacob.
Selah
Psalm 47 – The Lord’s Universal Sovereignty
For the leader. Of the Korahites. A psalm.
Clap
your
hands,
all
you
peoples:
shout
to
God
in ringing
cries.
For
the
Lord
is
most
high
and
dread,
a
great
king
over
all
the
earth.
He
subdues
the
peoples
under
us,
the
nations
under
our
feet;
he
chooses
our
heritage
for
us,
the
glory
of
Jacob
whom
he
loves.
Selah
God
is
gone
up
with
a
shout,
the
Lord
with
the
sound
of
a
trumpet.
Sing
praise
to
our
God,
sing
praises:
sing
praise
to
our
king,
sing
praises.
For
king
of
all
earth
is
he:
praise
God
in
a
skilful
song.
God
is
king
over
all
the
nations,
God
sits
on
his
holy
throne.
Princes
of
nations
gather
with
the
people
of
Abraham’s
God:
for
the
shields
of
the
earth
are
God’s;
greatly
exalted
is
he.
Psalm 48 – The Marvelous Deliverance of Zion
A song. A psalm of the Korahites.
Great
is
the
Lord
and
worthy
all
praise
in
the
city
of
our
God.
His
holy
mountain,
that
rises
so
fair,
is
the
joy
of
all
the
world.
Like
the
mount
of
the
gods
is
Mount
Zion,
the
city
of
the
great
king.
Once
God
made
himself
known
as
the
defence
of
her
palaces.
For
see!
A concert
of
kings
passed
over
the
frontier
together.
But
one glance,
and
they
were
astounded;
they
hastened
away
in
dismay.
Trembling
took
hold
of
them
there,
like
the
pains
of
a
woman
in
labor.
They
were
shattered,
as
east
wind
shatters
the
giant
ships
in
pieces.
What
we
heard,
we
now
have
seen
in
the
city
of
the
Lord
of
hosts,
the
city
of
our
God.
God
will
uphold
her
forever.
Selah
We
think,
O
God,
of
your
love,
in
the
midst
of
your
temple.
Your
fame,
O
God,
like
your
name,
shall
extend
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.
Victory
fills
your
hand.
Let
mount
Zion
be
glad;
let
the
daughters
of
Judah
rejoice
because
of
your
judgments.
Walk
about
Zion,
go
round
her;
count
her
towers.
Set
your
mind
on
her
ramparts,
consider
her
palaces;
that
you
tell
to
the
next
generation
That
such
is
God,
our
God
he
it
is
who
shall
guide
us
for
ever
and
ever.
Psalm 49 – The Problem of the Prosperity of the Wicked
For the leader. Of the Korahites. A psalm.
Hear
this,
you
peoples
all;
attend,
all
you
who
live
in
the
world
people
of
low
degree
and
high,
the
rich
and
the
poor
together.
My
mouth
shall
utter
wisdom,
the
thoughts
of
a
seeing
heart.
I
incline
my
ear
to
a
proverb,
on
the
lyre
I
will
open
my
riddle.
Why
should
I
be
afraid
in
the
days
of
misfortune,
when
circled
by
wicked
and
cunning
foes,
who
put
their
trust
in
their
wealth,
and
boast
of
their boundless
riches?
For
assuredly
no
one
can
ransom
themselves,
or
give
to
God
the
price
of
their
life,
for
the
ransom
of
a
life
is
costly,
no
payment
is
ever
enough,
to
keep
them
alive
for
ever
and
ever,
so
as
never
to
see
the
pit
at
all.
But
see
it
they
will.
Even
wise
people
die,
the
fool
and
the
brutish
perish
alike,
and
abandon
their
wealth
to
others.
The
grave
is
their
everlasting
home,
the
place
they
shall
live
in
for
ever
and
ever,
though
after
their
own
names
they
called
whole
lands.
Despite
their
wealth,
they
perish
like
dumb
animals.
This
is
the
fate
of
the
confident
fool,
and
the
end
of
those
who
are
pleased
with
their
portion.
Selah
Like
sheep
they
descend
to
Sheol
with
Death
for
their
shepherd;
down
they
go
straight
to
the
grave,
and
their
form
wastes
away
in
their
home
below.
But
God
will
assuredly
ransom
my
life
from
the
hand
of
Sheol;
for
he
will
receive
me.
Selah
So
be
not
afraid
when
someone
grows
rich,
when
the
wealth
of
their
house
increases.
Not
a
shred
of
it
all
can
they
take
when
they
die,
wealth
cannot
follow
them
down.
Though
they
count
themselves
happy,
when
they
are
alive,
and
win
praise
from
many
for faring
so
well,
they
must
join
their
ancestors,
who
see
the
light nevermore.
The
wealthy
are
without
understanding,
they
perish
like
dumb
animals.
Psalm 50 – True Worship
A psalm of Asaph.
The
Lord
God
has
spoken:
He
summons
the
earth
from
sunrise
to
sunset.
From
Zion,
perfection
of
beauty,
God’s
glory
shines
forth.
Our
God
comes,
he
cannot
keep
silence,
devouring
fire
is
before
him,
and
furious
tempest
around
him.
He
summons
the
heavens
above
and
the
earth
to
judge
his
people.
Gather
to
him
his
saints
by covenant-sacrifice
bound
to
him;
that
the
heavens
may
declare
his
justice,
for
a
God
of
justice
is
he.
Selah
“Hear,
O
my
people,
and
I
will
speak,
and
protest
to
you,
O
Israel:
I
am
the
Lord,
your
God.
Not
for
your
sacrifices
will
I
reprove
you
your burnt-offerings
are
ever
before
me
Not
a
bullock
will
I
take
from
your
house,
nor
male
goats
out
of
your
folds;
for
all
beasts
of
the
forest
are
mine,
and
the
kine
on
a
thousand
hills.
I
know
all
the
birds
of
the
air,
all
that
moves
on
the
fields
is
mine.
Were
I
hungry,
I
would
not
tell
you,
for
the
world
and
its
fulness
are
mine.
Am
I
such
as
to
eat bulls’
flesh,
or
drink
the
blood
of
goats?
Offer
to
God
a thank-offering,
pay
the
Most
High
your
vows.
Summon
me
in
the
day
of
distress,
I
will
rescue
you,
so
will
you
honor
me.”
But
to
the
wicked
God
says:
“What
right
have
you
to
talk
of
my
statutes,
or
take
my
covenant
into
your
mouth
while
you
yourself
hate
correction,
and
cast
my
words
behind
you?
When
you
see
a
thief,
you
run
with
them;
with
adulterers
you
keep
company.
You
let
your
mouth
loose
for
evil,
your
tongue contrives
deceit.
You
shamefully
speak
of
your
kin,
and
slander
your
own
mother’s
son.
And
because
I
kept
silence
at
this,
you
did
take
me
for
one
like
yourself.
But
I
will convict
you
and
show
you
plainly.
“Now
you
who
forget
God,
mark
this,
lest
I
rend
you,
past
hope
of
deliverance.
Those
who
bring
a thank-offering
honor
me;
but
to
those:
who
follows
my
way,
I
will
show
the
salvation
of
God.”
Psalm 51 – God be Merciful to Me, the Sinner
For the leader. A psalm of David, when Nathan the prophet come to him after he had been with Bathsheba.
In
your
kindness,
O
God,
be
gracious
to
me,
in
your
own
great
pity
blot
out
my
transgressions.
Wash
me
clean
of
my
guilt,
make
me
pure
of
my
sin.
For
well
I
know
my
transgressions,
my
sin
is
ever
before
me.
Against
you,
only
you,
have
I
sinned,
and
done
that
which
is
wrong
in
your
sight:
you
therefore
are
just
when
you
speak,
and
clear
when
you
utter
judgment.
See!
In
guilt
was
I
brought
to
the
birth,
and
in
sin
did
my
mother
conceive
me.
It’s
the
innermost
truth
you
desire,
give
me
therefore
true
wisdom
of
heart.
Purge
me
clean
with
hyssop,
wash
me
whiter
than
snow.
Fill
me
with
joy
and
gladness,
let
the
bones
you
have
broken
rejoice.
Hide
your
face
from
my
sins,
and
blot
out
my
guilt
altogether.
Create
me
a
clean
heart,
O
God,
put
a
new
steadfast
spirit
within
me.
Cast
me
not
forth
from
your
presence,
withdraw
not
your
holy
spirit.
Give
me
back
the
joy
of
your
help,
with
a
willing
spirit
sustain
me.
I
will
teach
your
ways
to
transgressors,
and
sinners
shall
turn
to
you.
Save
me
from
blood,
O
God,
and
my
tongue
shall
ring
out
your
faithfulness.
Open
my
lips,
O
Lord,
and
my
mouth
shall
declare
your
praise.
For
in
sacrifice
you
have
no
pleasure,
in
gifts
of burnt-offering
no
delight.
The
sacrifice
pleasing
to
God
is
a
spirit
that
is
broken;
a
heart
that
is
crushed,
O
God,
you
will
not
despise.
Do
good
in
your
pleasure
to
Zion,
build
the
walls
of
Jerusalem.
Then
will
you
welcome
the
due
forms
of
sacrifice,
then
on
your
altars
shall
bullocks
be
offered.
Psalm 52 – The Doom of Arrogance
For the leader. A maskil of David, when Doeg the Edomite came and told Saul that David had gone to Abimelech’s house.
Why
glory
in
mischief,
you hero?
God’s
kindness
is
all
the
day.
Engulfing
ruin
you
plot,
your
tongue
like
a
razor
sharpened,
you practiser
of
deceit.
Evil,
not
good,
you
love,
and
falsehood,
not
words
of
truth.
Selah
But
you
love
all
words
that
devour,
and
a
tongue
that
is
given
to
deceit.
But
God,
on
his
part,
shall
destroy
you
forever,
grasp
you
and
pluck
you
out
of
your
tent,
and
root
you
out
of
the
land
of
the
living.
Selah
Smitten
with
awe
at
the
sight,
the
righteous
shall
laugh
at
you.
“Look” (they
will
say) “at
the hero
who
did
not
make
God
his
stronghold,
but
trusted
in
his
great
wealth
and
in
the
strength
of
his
riches.”
But
I
am
like
a
fresh olive-tree
in
the
house
of
God.
I
trust
in
the
kindness
of
God
for
ever
and
evermore.
I
will
render
you
thanks
for
ever
for
what
you
have
done.
I
will
tell
how
good
you
are
in
the
presence
of
those
who
love
you.
Psalm 53 – The Folly of Denying God
For the leader. On mahalath. A maskil of David.
Fools
say
in
their
heart,
“There
is
no
God.”
Vile,
hateful
their
life
is;
not
one
does
good.
From
heaven
God
looks
out
on humans,
to
see
if
any
are
wise,
and
care
for
God.
But
all
have
turned
bad,
the taint
is
on
all;
not
one
does
good,
no,
not
one.
Have
they
learned
their lesson,
those
workers
of
evil?
Who
ate
up
my
people,
eating,
devouring,
never
calling
to
the
Lord.
Sore
afraid
will
they
be,
where
no
fear
was;
when
God
scatters
the
bones
of
the
godless
people.
They
will
be
put
to
shame,
when
God
rejects
them.
If
only
help
from
Zion
would
come
for
Israel!
When
God
brings
his
people
a
change
of
fortune,
how
glad
will
be
Jacob,
and
Israel
how
joyful!
Psalm 54 – A Prayer for Deliverance from Oppression
For the leader. With stringed instruments. A maskil of David, when the Ziphites came and said to Saul, ‘David is in hiding among us’.
Save
me,
O
God,
by
your
name,
by
your
power
secure
for
me
justice.
Listen,
O
God,
to
my
prayer,
attend
to
the
words
of
my
mouth.
For
proud
men
have
risen
against
me,
and
terrible
men
seek
my
life,
men
who
do
not
set
God
before
them.
Selah
But
see!
God
is
my
helper,
the
Lord
is sustaining
my
life.
Let
their
evil
fall
back
on
my
foes:
cut
them
off
in
your
faithfulness,
Lord.
Then
will
I
bring
you
glad
sacrifice,
praising
your
gracious
name;
for
from
all
distress
you
have
saved
me,
and
feasted
my
eyes
on
my
foes.
Psalm 55 – Betrayed by a Friend
For the leader. With stringed instruments. A maskil of David.
Listen,
God,
to
my
prayer.
Don’t
hide
yourself
from
my
pleading.
Hear
me,
and
answer;
for
bitter
is
my
lament.
I
am
wild
with
the
noise
of
the
foe,
with
the
clamor
of
the
ungodly;
for
they
hurl
disaster
upon
me,
and
attack
me
with
fury.
My
heart shudders
within
me,
terrors
of
deaths
press
on
me,
fear
and
trembling
attack
me,
and
horror
wraps
me
round.
O
for
the
wings
of
a
dove:
I
would
fly
away
and
rest.
I
would
wander
far
away,
find
refuge
in
the
wilderness.
Selah
I
would
find
myself
a
shelter
from
raging
wind
and
tempest.
Confuse
them,
Lord,
upset
their
plans;
for
I
see
violence
and
strife
in
the
city.
By
day
and
by
night
they
make
their
rounds
on
the
city
walls,
while
within
is
crime
and
trouble,
within
is
ruin.
Her market-place
is
never
free
of
deceit
and tyranny.
The
Treacherous
Friend
The
taunts
were
not
those
of
a
foe
that
I
could
have
borne;
the disdain
was
not
that
of
an
enemy
I
could
have shunned
them:
but
it
was
you,
my
equal,
my
dear
and
familiar
friend.
We
used
to
be
so
close,
together
we
walked
in
God’s
house
with
the
crowd.
May
death
suddenly
take
them,
may
they
go
down
to
Sheol
alive,
for
evil
lives
in
their
homes
and
their
hearts.
But
I
will
call
on
God,
the
Lord
will
save
me.
Evening
and
morning
and
noon
I
lament
and
moan.
He
will
hear
my
voice;
though
I
am
attacked
by
many
he
will
rescue
me,
unharmed
from
the
war.
God,
who
sits
on
his
ancient
throne
will
hear
and
will
humble
them,
for
they
never
change,
they
never
fear
God.
Selah
My
friend
turned
against
me,
betrayed
his
word.
His
mouth
was
smoother
than
butter,
but
war
filled
his
heart.
His
words
were
softer
than
oil,
but sharper
than
swords.
Cast
your
burden
on
the
Lord,
and
he
will
sustain
you.
He
will
never
let
the
righteous
be
shaken.
But
you,
God,
will
hurl
them
down
to
the deepest
pit.
Bloody
and
treacherous
people
will
not
live
out
half
their
days;
but
I
will
trust
you.
Psalm 56 – A Prayer of Trust in God
For the leader. On jonath elem rehokim. Of David. A michtam, when the Philistines seized him in Gath.
O
God,
be
gracious
to
me,
for
people
trample
upon
me,
all
the
day righting
and
pressing
me.
All
the
day
enemies
trample
me;
many
there
be
who
contend
with
me
bitterly.
In
the
day
of
my
terror
I
trust
in
you.
In
God
I
maintain
my
cause,
in
God
I fearlessly
trust.
What
can
flesh
do
to
me?
They torture
me
all
the
day,
they ceaselessly
plan
to
hurt
me,
banded
together
in
secret,
watching
my
every
step,
as
those
who
hope
for
my
death.
Pay
them
out
for
their
sin,
O
God,
hurl
down
the
strong
in
your
anger.
You
yourself
count
my
wanderings.
Put
in
your
bottle
my
tears
are
they
not
in
your
book?
Then
shall
my
foes
be
turned
back
in
the
day
that
I
call.
Of
this
I
am
sure,
because
God
is
for
me.
In
God
I
maintain
my
cause,
in
the
Lord
I
maintain
my
cause.
In
God
I fearlessly
trust,
what
can
people
do
to
me?
Your
vows
are
upon
me,
O
God,
I
will
render thank-offerings
to
you;
because
you
have
saved
me
from
death,
my
feet
from
stumbling,
to
the
end
that
I
walk
before
God
in
the
light
of
the
living.
Psalm 57 – A Prayer for Protection from Persecution
For the leader. Al tashheth. A michtam of David, when he fled from Saul into a cave.
Be
gracious,
O
God,
be
gracious
to
me,
for
in
you
I
take
shelter.
In
your sheltering
wings
I
take
refuge,
till
ruin
be
over
past.
I
cry
to
the
Most
High
God,
to
the
God
who
accomplishes
for
me.
He
will
send
me
his
succour
from
heaven,
he
will
thrust
away
those
who
would
trample
me.
Selah
In
the
midst
of
lions
I
lie,
who
devour
human
prey.
Their
teeth
are
spears
and
arrows,
and
their
tongue
is
a
sharpened
sword.
Be
exalted,
God, o’er
the
heavens,
and
your
glory o’er
all
the
earth.
They
set
a
net
for
my
feet,
but
in
it
was
their
own
foot
caught.
Before
me
they
dug
a
pit,
but
they
fell
into
it
themselves.
Selah
My
heart
is
steadfast,
O
God,
my
heart
is
steadfast.
I
would
sing,
I
would
make
music;
awake,
my
soul.
Awake,
harp
and
lyre;
I
would
wake
the
dawn.
I
would
praise
you
among
the
peoples,
O
Lord,
and
make
music
among
the
nations
to
you;
for
great
to
heaven
is
your
love,
and
your
faithfulness
to
the
clouds.
Be
exalted,
God, o’er
the
heavens,
and
your
glory o’er
all
the
earth.
Psalm 58 – A Prayer for Vengeance on Unjust Judges
For the leader. Al tashheth. Of David. A michtam.
Do
you
speak
what
is
right,
you
gods?
With
equity
judge
you
your
people?
In
the
land
you
practise
iniquity –
all
of
you;
violence
do
you
dispense
with
your
hands.
The
wicked
go
astray
from
the
womb
liars
take
the
wrong
path
from
their
birth.
Venom
have
they
like
the
venom
of
snakes,
they
are
like
the
deaf
adder
that
stops
her
ears,
and
refuses
to
listen
to
the
voice
of
the
charmer,
or
binder
of
spells,
no
matter
how
cunning.
O
God,
break
to
pieces
the
teeth
in
their
mouth,
tear
out
the
great
teeth
of
the
young
lions,
Lord.
May
they
melt
away
like
running
water!
Like
tender
grass,
cut
down
may
they
be!
Like
the
snail
that
dissolves
on
its
crawling
path,
like
the
birth
untimely
which
sees
not
the
sunlight.
Faster
than
a thorn-fire heats
your
pots,
he
will
come
with
his
tempest
and
sweep
them
away.
The
sight
of
such
vengeance
will
gladden
the
righteous;
their
feet
they
will
wash
in
the
blood
of
the
wicked.
People
will
say, “Yes,
the
just
are
rewarded:
yes,
on
the
earth
is
a
God
who
is
Judge.”
Psalm 59 – A Prayer for Safety
For the leader. Al tashheth. Of David. A michtam, when Saul sent men to watch his house in order to kill him.
Save
me,
O
God,
from
my
enemies;
secure
me
from
my
assailants.
Save
me
from
those
who
do
wrong,
save
me
from
the
bloodthirsty.
For
see!
They
lay
ambush
for
me,
strong
men
are banded
against
me
not
for
sin
or
transgression
of
mine,
for
no
guilt
of
mine,
O
Lord,
they
run
and
make
ready.
Awake!
Come
forth
to
meet
me,
and
see!
You,
O
Lord
of
hosts,
God
of
Israel,
awake!
And
punish
the
proud,
every
one;
spare
none
of
the traitors
vile.
Selah
At
evening
they
come,
and,
howling
like
dogs,
make
their
round
in
the
city.
Look
at
their venomous
mouths,
tongues
like
swords,
they
think
no
one
hears
them.
But
you,
Lord,
laugh
at
them,
you
mock
all
the
insolent.
My
strength,
I
will
sing
to
you,
for
God
is
my
sure
retreat.
My
God
with
his
love
will
meet
me,
and
feast
my
eyes
on
my
foes.
Slay
them
not,
lest
my
people
forget,
let
your
hosts
keep
them
roaming
and
wandering.
In
their
sinful
speech
snare
them,
O
Lord;
and
may
they
be
trapped
in
their
pride,
for
the
curses
and
lies
that
they
utter.
In
your
wrath
make
a
clean
end
of
them,
that
people,
to
the
ends
of
the
earth,
may
know
that
God
rules
in
Jacob.
Selah
At
evening
they
come,
and,
howling
like
dogs,
make
their
round
in
the
city.
They
roam
about
for
a
feast,
and snarl,
if
they
get
not
their
fill.
But
I
will
sing
of
your
might;
I
will
ring
out
your
love
in
the
morning.
For
to
me
you
have
been
a
sure
refuge,
a
retreat
in
the
day
of
my
trouble.
My
strength,
I
will
sing
praise
to
you,
for
God
is
my
sure
retreat,
my
faithful
God.
Psalm 60 – A Prayer after Defeat in Battle
For the leader. On shushan eduth. A michtam of David (for teaching), when he fought with Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, and Joab returned and defeated twelve thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt.
O
God,
you
have
spurned
and
broken
us,
routing
us
in
your
wrath –
restore
us!
You
have
shaken
the
land
and
cleft
it;
heal
its
tottering
breaches.
You
have
made
your
people
drink
hardship,
and
given
us
wine
of
reeling.
You
have
given
those
who
fear
you
a
banner,
a rallying-place
from
the
bow,
Selah
for
the
rescue
of
your
beloved.
Save
by
your
right
hand
and
answer
us.
God
did
solemnly
swear:
“As victor
will
I
divide
Shechem,
and
mete
out
the
valley
of
Succoth.
Mine
is
Gilead,
mine
is
Manasseh,
Ephraim
is
the
defence
of
my
head,
Judah
my
sceptre
of
rule,
Moab
the
pot
that
I
wash
in,
Edom –
I
cast
my
shoe
over
it,
I
shout o’er
Philistia
in
triumph.”
O
to
be
brought
to
the
fortified
city!
O
to
be
led
into
Edom!
Have
you
not
spurned
us,
O
God?
You
do
not
march
forth
with
our
armies.
Grant
us
help
from
the
foe,
for
human
help
is
worthless.
With
God
we
shall
yet
do bravely:
he
himself
will
tread
down
our
foes.
Psalm 61 – Our God is a Strong Tower
For the leader. On stringed instruments. Of David.
Hear
my
cry,
O
God,
be
attentive
to
my
prayer.
From
the
ends
of
the
earth
I
call
unto
you,
when
my
heart
is
faint:
lead
me
to
the
rock
that
is
high
above
me.
For
you
are
a
refuge
to
me,
a
strong
tower
in
face
of
the
foe.
O
to
be
guest
in
your
tent
forever,
hiding
beneath
your sheltering
wings!
Selah
For
you,
O
God,
do
hear
my
vows,
and
grant
the
desires
of
those
who
fear
you.
Add
many
days
to
the
life
of
the
king;
may
his
years
endure
throughout
all
generations.
In
the
presence
of
God
be
he throned
forever;
may
kindness
and
faithfulness
watch
over
him.
And
I
will
sing
praise
to
your
name
forever,
paying
my
vows
day
after
day.
Psalm 62 – Quietness and Confidence
For the leader. On jeduthun. A psalm of David.
I
wait
alone
in
silence
for
God;
From
him
comes
my
help.
Yes,
he
is
my
rock,
my
help,
my
retreat,
I
shall
not
be
shaken
too
sorely.
How
long
will
you,
all
of
you, batter
a
man,
as
one
might
a
leaning
wall?
From
his
height
they
are
planning
to
topple
him.
They
take
pleasure
in
falsehood;
they
bless
with
their
mouth,
but
inwardly
they
curse.
Selah
I
wait
alone
in
silence
for
God;
for
from
him
comes
my
hope.
Yes,
he
is
my
rock,
my
help,
my
retreat,
I
shall
not
be
shaken
too
sorely.
On
God
rests
my
honor
and
safety,
in
God
is
my
strong
rock,
my
refuge.
Trust
in
him,
all
you
people
assembled,
pour
out
your
heart
in
his
presence;
God
is
a
refuge
for
us.
Selah
The
lowly
are
nought
but
a
breath,
the
lofty
are
but
an illusion:
in
the
balances
up
they
go,
they
are
lighter
than
breath
altogether.
Trust
not
in
gain
of
extortion,
set
no
vain
hopes
in
robbery.
As
for
wealth,
if
it
bears
fruit,
set
not
your
heart
upon
it.
One
thing
God
has
uttered,
two
things
there
are
which
I
heard
that
power
belongs
to
God,
and
to
you,
too,
O
Lord,
belongs
kindness;
for
you
requite
each
person
according
to
what
they
have
done.
Psalm 63 – Athirst for God
A psalm of David, when he was in the wilderness of Judah.
O
God,
my
God,
you,
you
do
I
seek:
my
heart
thirsts
for
you,
my
body
faints
for
you
in
a
parched
and
waterless
land.
As
I
in
the
temple
have
seen
you,
beholding
your
power
and
your
glory,
for
better
than
life
is
your
kindness:
my
lips
shall
utter
your
praise.
So,
while
I
live,
I
will
bless
you,
and
lift
up
my
hands
in
your
name.
As
with
marrow
and
fat
am
I
feasted;
with
joyful
lips
I
will
praise
you.
I
call
you
to
mind
on
my
bed,
and
muse
on
you
in
the
night
watches;
for
you
have
been
my
help,
I
joyfully
sing
in
the
shadow
of
your
wings.
I
cling
close
after
you,
your
right
hand
holds
me
up.
But
those
who
seek
after
my
life
shall
go
down
to
the
depths
of
the
earth,
given o’er
to
the
power
of
the
sword,
or
as
prey
for
jackals
to
devour.
But
the
king
shall
rejoice
in
God:
all
who
own
his
allegiance
will
glory.
For
the
mouth
of
the
false
shall
be
stopped.
Psalm 64 – A Prayer for Deliverance from Malicious Foes
For the leader. A psalm of David.
Hear,
O
my
God,
the
voice
of
my
lament:
guard
my
life
from
the
dread
of
the
foe.
Hide
me
from
villains
who
secretly
plot,
from
the blustering
throng
of
the
workers
of
evil,
who
have
sharpened
their
tongue
like
a
sword,
and
aimed
bitter
words
like
arrows,
which
from
ambush
they
launch
at
the
blameless,
shooting
swiftly
and unafraid.
They
strengthen
their
wicked
purpose,
they
tell
of
the
snares
they
have
hidden,
they
say
to
themselves, “Who
can
see?”
They
think
out
their
crimes
full cunningly
hidden
deep
in
their
crafty
hearts.
But
God
with
his
arrow
will
shoot
them,
swiftly
shall
they
be
smitten.
For
their
tongue
he
will
bring
them
to
ruin,
all
will
shudder
with
horror
at
the
sight
of
them.
Then
every
person,
touched
to
awe,
as
they
ponder
what
God
has
wrought,
will
tell
the
tale
of
his
deeds.
In
the
Lord
shall
the
righteous
rejoice,
in
him
shall
they
take
refuge;
and
all
the true-hearted
shall
glory.
Psalm 65 – Hymn for a Thanksgiving Festival
For the leader. A psalm of David. A song.
It
is
seemly
to
praise
you,
O
God,
in
Zion,
and
to
you
shall
the
vow
be
performed
in
Jerusalem.
O
you
who
hear
prayer,
unto
you
shall
all
flesh
come.
Our
sins
are
too
mighty
for
us,
our
transgressions
you
only
can
cover
them.
Happy
the
person
who
you
choose
to
live
beside
you
in
your
courts.
O
may
we
be
filled
with
the joys
of
your
house,
of
your
holy
temple.
In
dread
deeds
you loyally
answer
us,
O
God
of
our
salvation,
whom
all
ends
of
the
earth
put
their
trust
in,
and
islands
far
away.
By
your
strength
you
establish
the
hills,
you
are
armed
with
might;
you
still
the
roaring
of
seas,
and
the
turmoil
of
nations,
so
that
those
who
live
at
earth’s
bounds
are awed
at
your
signs:
the
lands
of
the
sunrise
and
sunset
you
make
to
ring
with
joy.
You
visit
and
water
the
earth;
you
greatly
enrich
her
with
the
river
of
God,
which
is
full
of
water.
You
prepare
the
corn
thereof,
watering
her
furrows,
settling
her
ridges;
you
make
her
soft
with
showers,
and
bless
what
grows
thereon.
You
crown
the
year
with
your
goodness,
your
chariot
tracks
drip
with
fatness.
The
desert
pastures
are lush,
the
hills greened
with
joy.
The
meadows
are
clothed
with
flocks,
the
valleys
are
covered
with
corn;
they
shout
to
each
other
and
sing.
Psalm 66 – Thanksgiving for National Deliverance
For the leader. A song. A psalm.
Shout
to
God,
all
the
earth,
sing
praise
to
his
glorious
name,
sing
his
glorious
praise.
Say
to
God, “How
dread
are
your
works,
so
great
is
your
might
that
your
enemies
cringe
to
you.
All
the
earth
does
homage
to
you,
singing
praises
to
you,
singing
praise
to
your
name.”
Selah
Come
and
see
what
God
has
done,
awe-inspiring
is
he
in
his
works
among
people.
He
turns
the
sea
into
dry
land,
and
people
cross
the
river
on
foot.
Let
us
therefore
rejoice
in
him,
the
mighty
Ruler
eternal,
whose
eyes
keep
watch
on
the
nations,
that
no
rebel
lift
up
his
head.
Selah
O
bless
our
God,
you
peoples;
sound
aloud
his
praise,
who
keeps
us
in
life,
and
keeps
our
feet
from slipping.
For
you,
God,
have
tested
us,
have
tried
us,
as
silver
is
tried.
You
did
bring
us
into
prison,
and
put
chains
upon
us,
you
did
let
people
ride
over
our
head.
We
went
through
fire
and
through
water,
but
you
led
us
out
to
a
spacious
place.
I
will
enter
your
house
with burnt-offerings,
I
will
pay
to
you
my
vows,
which
my
open
lips
have
uttered,
arid
my
mouth
has
declared
in
my
straits.
I
will
offer
you
offerings
of
fatlings,
with
the odour
of
burning
rams,
I
will
sacrifice
bullocks
with
goats.
Selah
Come
and
hear
my
story
all
who
fear
God –
of
what
he
has
done
for
me.
For
my
mouth
had
no sooner
invoked
him
than
his
praise
was
under
my
tongue.
Had
I
cherished
sin
in
my
heart,
the
Lord
would
never
have
listened.
But
assuredly
God
has
listened,
and
attended
to
my
loud
prayer.
Blessed
be
God,
who
turned
not
aside
my
prayer,
nor
withdrew
his
kindness
from
me.
Psalm 67 – A Harvest Thanksgiving
For the leader. On stringed instruments. A psalm. A song.
Bless
us,
O
God,
with
your
favor,
let
the
light
of
your
face
fall
upon
us;
Selah
that
the
world
may
know
your
way,
and
all
nations
your
power
to
save.
Let
the
peoples
praise
you,
O
God;
let
the
peoples
all
of
them
praise
you.
Let
the
nations
ring
out
their
joy;
for
you
govern
the
peoples
with
equity,
and
guide
the
nations
on
earth.
Selah
Let
the
peoples
praise
you,
O
God,
let
the
peoples,
all
of
them,
praise
you.
The
earth
has
yielded
her
increase
by
the
blessing
of
God,
our
God.
May
this
blessing
of
ours
win
people
to
him
to
all
the
ends
of
the
earth.
Psalm 68 – Victory
For the leader. Of David. A psalm. A song.
God
arises,
his
enemies
scatter:
they
who
hate
him
flee
before
him.
As
smoke
before
wind
is
driven,
as
wax
melts
before
fire,
so
before
God
vanish
the
wicked.
But
the
righteous
rejoice
in
God’s
presence,
they
exult
with
exceeding
joy.
Sing
to
God,
make
music
to
his
name,
his
name
is
the
Lord,
praise
him
who
rides
on
the
clouds,
and
exult
in
his
presence.
Father
of
orphans, defender
of
widows,
is
God
in
his
holy
abode.
God
brings
home
the
lonely,
he
leads
forth
the
prisoner
to
comfort,
so
that
none
but
the
rebel
lives cheerless.
God,
when
you
went
in
front
of
your
people
in
your
march
through
the
desert,
Selah
earth
shook,
the
heavens
poured
rain
at
the
presence
of
God, Sinai’s
God
at
the
presence
of
God,
Israel’s
God.
Rain
in
abundance,
God,
you
did
sprinkle,
restoring
the
languishing
land
of
your
heritage.
A
dwelling
therein
your
people
found:
in
your
goodness,
O
God,
you
did
care
for
the
poor.
The
Lord
spoke
the
glad
tidings
of
victory,
a
great
army
of
women
proclaim
it:
“Kings
of
armies
they
flee,
they
flee,
and
the housewife
divides
the
spoil:
dove’s
wings
covered
with
silver
and
pinions
with shimmer
of
gold,
set
with
stones,
like
snow
upon
Zalmon.”
A
mountain
of
God
is
the
mountain
of
Bashan,
a
mountain
of
peaks
is
the
mountain
of
Bashan.
You high-peaked
mountains,
why
look
you askance
at
the
mountain
which
God
has
desired
for
his
home
whereon
the
Lord
will
live
forever?
The
chariots
of
God
are
twice
ten
thousand:
the
Lord
came
from
Sinai,
his
holy
place.
You
did
mount
the
height
with
trains
of
your
captives,
and
gifts
that
you
had
received
from
the
people.
The
rebels
shall
live
with
the
Lord
God.
Blest
be
the
Lord
who
sustains
us
daily,
the
God
who
is
also
our
savior.
Selah
Our
God
is
a
God
who
is
savior.
The
ways
of
escape
from
death
are
known
to
the
Lord
God.
Yes,
God
will
shatter
the
head
of
his
foes
the
rough
scalp
of
those
who
strut
on
in
their
sins.
The
Lord
said: “I
will
bring
you
home
from
Bashan,
home
from
the
depths
of
the
sea,
that
your
feet
you
may
bathe
in
blood,
and
your
dogs
lick
their
share
of
the
foe.”
In
the
temple
appear
God’s triumphal processions,
processions
in
praise
of
my
king
and
my
God,
with
singers
in
front,
and minstrels
behind,
and
maidens
with
timbrels
between
them,
singing,
“You
of
the well-spring
of
Israel,
bless
the
Lord
God
in
the
dance.”
There,
in
front,
is
Benjamin
the
little,
the
princes
of
Judah
beside
them,
the
princes
of Zebulon,
princes
of
Naphtali.
God,
show
your
strength,
your godlike
might,
as
you
did
in
the
past,
from
your
temple
that
crowns
Jerusalem.
Kings
shall
bring
tribute
to
you.
Rebuke
the
beast
of
the
reed,
the
herd
of
bulls,
with
the
calves
of
the
peoples.
Trample
down
the
lovers
of
lies.
Scatter
the
nations
whose
joy
is
in
war.
May
they
come
from
Egypt
with
gifts
of
oil,
Ethiopia
haste
with
full
hands
to
God.
Sing
to
God,
O
you
kingdoms
of
earth,
make
melody
to
the
Lord.
Selah
Praise
him
who
rides
on
the
ancient
heavens.
See!
He
utters
his
voice,
his
mighty
voice.
Ascribe
strength
to
the
God
over
Israel,
whose
strength
and
majesty
live
in
the
skies.
Awe-inspiring
is
God
in
his
holy
place,
it
is
Israel’s
God
who
gives
strength
and
might
to
his
people.
Blessed
be
God.
Psalm 69 – A Prayer for Deliverance and Vengeance
For the leader. On shoshannim. Of David.
Save
me,
O
God;
for
the
waters
are threatening
my
life.
I
am
sunk
in
depths
of
mire,
where
ground
there
is
none.
I
am
come
into
deep
deep
waters,
the
flood
overwhelms
me.
I
am
weary
of
crying,
my
throat
is
parched,
my
eyes
are
wasted
with
waiting
for
God.
More
than
the
hairs
of
my
head
are
those
who wantonly
hate
me.
More
than
my
bones
in
number
are
those
who
are
falsely
my
foes.
That
which
I
never
robbed,
how
am
I
then
to
restore?
O
God,
you
know
my
folly,
my
guilt
is
not
hidden
from
you.
Through
me
let
not
any
be
shamed,
who
wait
for
you,
Lord
God
of
hosts.
Through
me
let
not
those
be
confounded
who
seek
you,
O
God
of
Israel.
It’s
in
your
cause
that
I
have
borne
taunts,
and
my
face
has
been
covered
with
shame;
I
became
to
my
kindred
a
foreigner,
to
my
mother’s
sons
a
stranger.
It
was
zeal
for
your
house
that
consumed
me,
and
the
insults
they
hurled
at
you
fell
upon
me.
When
I
chastened
myself
with
fasting,
they
took
occasion
to
taunt
me.
When
I
put
on
a
garment
of
sackcloth,
they
made
me
the
theme
of
a
taunt-song.
Those
who
sit
in
the
gate
make
sport
of
me
in
the
music
of
drunken
songs.
But
I
pray
to
you,
Lord,
for
a
time
of
favor.
In
your
great
love
answer
me;
with
your
loyal
help,
save
me
from sinking
down
in
the
mire.
Lift
me
out
of
the
deep
deep
waters,
that
the
rushing
flood
may
not
drown
me,
that
the
deep
may
not
swallow
me
up,
nor
the
pit
close
her
mouth
upon
me.
Answer
me,
Lord,
in
your
gracious
kindness,
turn
to
me
in
your
great
compassion.
Hide
not
your
face
from
your
servant,
for
I
am
in
trouble;
O
answer
me
speedily.
Draw
near
to
me,
redeem
me;
because
of
my
enemies,
ransom
me.
You
know
how
I
am
insulted;
in
your
sight
are
all
my
foes.
Insult
has
broken
my
heart,
past
cure
are
my
shame
and
confusion.
For
pity
I
looked –
there
was
none!
And
for
comforters,
but
I
found
none.
Poison
they
gave
me
for
food,
and
to slake
my
thirst
they
gave
vinegar.
May
their
table, outspread,
be
a
trap
to
them,
and
their peace-offerings
be
a
snare.
May
their
eyes
be
darkened
and
blind,
make
them
shake
without
ceasing.
Pour
your
indignation
upon
them,
let
your
burning
wrath
overtake
them.
May
their
camp
be
a
desolation,
in
their
tents
be
there
none
to
live.
For
those
whom
you
struck,
they
persecute,
and
those
whom
you
wounded,
they
pain
yet
more.
Charge
them
with
sin
upon
sin,
may
they
not
be
acquitted
by
you.
From
the
book
of
life
be
they
blotted,
may
their
names
not
be
written
with
the
righteous.
Lift
me,
O
God,
by
your
help
above
my
pain
and
misery.
Then
will
I
praise
God
in
song
and
magnify
him
with
thanksgiving,
which
shall
please
the
Lord
better
than
ox,
or
than
bullock
with
horns
and
hoofs.
The
oppressed
shall
rejoice
at
the
sight.
You
who
seek
after
God,
let
your
heart
revive.
For
the
Lord
listens
to
the
poor,
he
does
not
despise
his
prisoners.
Let
the
heavens
and
the
earth
sing
his
praises,
the
seas,
and
all
creatures
that
move
in
them.
For
God
will
bring
help
to
Zion,
and
build
up
the
cities
of
Judah,
his
people
shall
live
there
in
possession.
His
servants’
children
shall
have
it
for
heritage,
and
those
who
love
him
shall
live
therein.
Psalm 70 – A Cry for Help in Persecution
For the leader. Of David. For commemoration.
Quickly,
God,
deliver
me,
hasten
to
help
me,
Lord.
May
those
who
are
seeking
my
life,
be
ashamed
and
confounded.
May
those
who
delight
in
my
hurt
be
defeated
and
brought
to
dishonor.
But
may
all
who
seek
after
you
rejoice
and
be
glad
in
you.
May
all
who
love
your
salvation
say, “Glory
to
God,”
evermore.
I
am
weak
and
needy:
make
haste,
God,
to
me.
You
are
my
help
and
deliverer;
Lord,
don’t
delay.
Psalm 71 – Forsake me not, when I am Old
In
you,
O
Lord,
I
take
refuge,
let
me
never
be
put
to
shame.
In
your
faithfulness
save
me
and
rescue
me,
bend
your
ear
to
me
and
save
me.
Be
to
me
a
rock
of
defence,
a
fortified
house,
to
save
me;
for
my
rock
and
my
fortress
are
you.
Save
me,
my
God,
from
the
hand
of
the
wicked,
from
the
grasp
of
the
unjust
and
cruel.
For
you,
Lord,
are
my
hope,
in
whom
from
my
youth
I
have
trusted.
On
you
have
I
leaned
from
my
birth;
from
my
mother’s
womb
it
was
you
who
did
draw
me.
In
you
is
my
hope
evermore.
I
have
been
as
a
wonder
to
many,
for
you
are
my
refuge
and
strength.
All
the
day
long
my
mouth
is
filled
with
your
praise
and
your
glory.
Cast
me
not
off
in
the
time
of
old
age;
when
my
strength
is
spent,
forsake
me
not.
For
my
foes
whisper
against
me,
they
who
watch
me
take
counsel
together;
“God
has
left
him,”
they
say: “pursue
and
seize
him,
for
he
is
helpless.”
O
God,
be
not
far
from
me,
haste,
O
my
God,
to
my
help.
Put
my
foes
to
shame
and
dishonor,
with
insult
and
shame
be
they
covered.
But
I
will
never
stop
hoping,
and
more
and
yet
more
will
I
praise
you.
All
the
day
long
shall
my
mouth
tell
your
faithfulness
and
your
salvation,
though
I
know
not
how
they
may
be
counted.
I
will
tell
of
the
might
of
the
Lord,
and
your
faithfulness
praise,
you
alone.
You
have
taught
me,
O
God,
from
my
youth,
and
till
now
have
I
told
of
your
wonders.
Even
in
old
age
and grey
hair,
O
God,
do
not
forsake
me.
Still
would
I
tell
of
your
might
unto
all
generations
to
come.
Your
power
and
your
justice,
O
God,
extend
as
far
as
the
heavens:
for
great
are
the
things
you
have
done.
Who
is
like
you,
O
God?
You
have
caused
us
to
see
troubles
many,
but
you
will
revive
us
again.
From
the
depths
of
the
earth
you
will
bring
me
up
again.
You
will
multiply
my
greatness,
and
comfort
me
again.
So
with
harp
I
will
praise
you,
and
your
faithfulness,
O
my
God;
and
make
music
to
you
on
the
lyre,
O
you
Holy
One
of
Israel.
My
lips
shall
ring
out
their
joy,
my
mouth
shall
sing
praises
to
you;
all
of
me,
which
you
have
redeemed.
Yes,
all
the
day
long
shall
my
tongue
utter
your
righteousness;
for
ashamed
and
confounded
are
they
who
were
seeking
my
hurt.
Psalm 72 – A Prayer for a Just and Glorious Reign
Of Solomon.
Give
the
king,
O
God,
your
own
spirit
of
justice
your
spirit
of
right
to
the
son
of
the
king,
that
with
right
he
may
judge
your
people,
and
your downtrodden
ones
with
justice.
May
the
mountains
bear weal
for
the
people,
and
the
hills
yield
fruits
of
justice.
The
weak
may
he
help
to
their
rights,
may
he
save
the
sons
of
the
needy
and
crush
the
oppressor
in
pieces.
May
he
live
as
long
as
the
sun,
while
the
moon
shines –
for
ages
and
ages.
May
he
be
like
the
rain
on
the
meadow,
like
showers
that
water
the
earth.
In
his
days
may
justice
flourish,
and
welfare
abound,
till
the
moon
be
no
more.
May
he
reign
from
ocean
to
ocean,
from
the
river
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.
May
his
foes
bow
down
before
him,
his
enemies
lick
the
dust.
May
tribute
be
rendered
by
kings
of
the
isles
and
of
Tarshish;
may
gifts
be
brought
by
the
kings
of
Sheba
and
Seba.
May
all
kings
fall
prostrate
before
him,
and
all
nations
yield
him
their
service.
For
he
saves
the
poor
when
he
cries,
the
helpless
and
the downtrodden.
He pities
the
weak
and
the
poor,
he
saves
the
lives
of
the
poor.
He
redeems
them
from
wrong
and
from
violence,
for
dear
is
their
blood
in
his
sight.
Long
may
he
live;
and
may
gold
of
Sheba
be
given
him;
prayer,
too,
be
made
for
him ceaselessly,
all
the
day
long
may
men
bless
him.
May
the
land
have
abundance
of
corn,
to
the
tops
of
the
hills
may
it
wave.
May
the
fruit
thereof
flourish
like
Lebanon,
may
men
spring
from
the
city
like
grass
of
the
earth.
May
his
name
be
blessed
forever,
may
his
fame
endure
as
the
sun.
May
all
nations
envy
his blessedness,
all
tribes
of
the
earth
call
him
happy.
Blest be the
Lord God, Israel’s God,
who alone does wonders;
And blest be forever his glorious name.
Let all the earth be filled with his glory.
Amen and Amen.
Here
end
the
prayers
of
David,
son
of
Jesse.
Book Three
Psalm 73 – Fellowship with God Here and Hereafter
A psalm of Asaph.
Yes,
God
is
good
to
the
upright,
the
Lord
to
the
pure
in
heart.
But
my
feet
were
almost
gone,
my
steps
had
nearly
slipped,
through
envy
of
godless braggarts,
when
I
saw
how
well
they
fared.
For
never
a pang
have
they,
their
body
is
sound
and
sleek.
They
have
no
trouble
like
mortals,
no
share
in
human
pain.
So
they
wear
their
pride
like
a
necklace,
they
put
on
the
garment
of
wrong,
their
eyes
stand
out
with
fatness,
their
heart swells
with
riotous fancies.
Their
speech
is
mocking
and
evil,
condescending
and
crooked
their
speech.
They
have
set
their
mouth
in
the
heavens,
while
their
tongue struts
about
on
the
earth.
Small
wonder
that
people
resort
to
them,
and
drink
deep draughts
of
their lore.
“How
does
God
know?”
they
say,
“And
has
the
Most
High
any
knowledge?”
See!
These
are
the
godless,
with
wealth
and
ease
ever
increasing.
Yes,
in
vain
have
I
kept
my
heart
pure,
and
washed
my
hands
in
innocence;
for
all
the
day
long
was
I
plagued
not
a
morning
but
I
was
chastised.
But
to resolve
to
speak
like
they
do
would
be
treachery
to
your
children.
So
I
sought
to
understand
it,
but
a
wearisome
task
it
seemed:
till
I
entered
the
holy
world
of
God
and
saw
clearly
their
destiny.
Yes,
you
set
them
on
slippery
places;
down
to
destruction
you
hurl
them.
One
moment
and
then
what
a
horror
of
ruin!
They
are
finished
and
ended
in
terrors.
Like
a
dream,
when
one wakes,
shall
they
be,
whose phantoms
the waker
despises.
So
my
bitterness
of
mind
and
the
pain
that
stabbed
my
heart
show
how
dull
I
was
and
stupid
just
like
a
beast
before
you.
But
I
am
always
with
you,
you
have
hold
of
my
right
hand.
By
a
plan
of
yours
you
guide
me
and
will
afterward
take
me
to
glory.
Whom
have
I
in
the
heavens
but
you?
And
on
earth
there
is
none
I
desire
beside
you.
Though
flesh
and
heart
waste
away,
yet
God
is
the
rock
of
my
heart,
yet
God
is
my
portion
forever.
For
see!
Those
who
are
far
from
you
must
perish,
you
destroy
all
who
are
false
to
you.
But
I
am
happy
when
close
to
God;
the
Lord
my
God
I
have
made
my
refuge,
that
I
may
recount
all
the
things
you
have
done.
Psalm 74 – Lament on the Devastation of the Temple
A maskil of Asaph.
Why,
O
God,
have
you
spurned
us
forever?
Why smokes
your
wrath
against
the
sheep
of
your
pasture?
Remember
the
community
you
purchased
of
old
to
become
by
redemption
the
tribe
of
your
heritage,
Zion,
the
mountain
you
made
your
home.
Rouse
yourself,
visit
its
ruins
complete.
In
the
temple
the
foe
has
made havoc
of
all
things.
Like
lions
your
enemies
roared
through
your
house,
replacing
our
symbols
by
signs
of
their
own,
hacking,
like
woodsmen
who
lift
axes
on
thickets
of
trees,
smashing
with hatchets
and
hammers
all
of
its
carved
work
together.
They
have
set
your
temple
on
fire,
to
the
very
ground
they
have outraged
the
place
where
lives
your
name.
They
have
said
in
their
heart, “Let
us
utterly
crush
them.”
They
have
burned
all
the
houses
of
God
in
the
land.
No
symbol
of
ours
do
we
see
any
more:
no
prophet
is
there
any
more,
none
is
with
us
who
knows
how
long.
How
long,
O
God,
is
the
foe
to
insult?
Shall
the
enemy
spurn
your
name
forever?
Why,
O
Lord,
do
you
hold
back
your
hand,
why
keep
your
right
hand
in
the
folds
of
your
robe?
Yet
God
is
our
king
from
the
ancient
days,
in
the
midst
of
the
earth
working
deeds
of
salvation.
It
was
you
who
did
cleave
the
sea
by
your
might,
and
shatter
the
heads
of
the
ocean
monsters.
It
was
you
who
did
crush many-headed
Leviathan,
and
give
him
as
food
to
the
beasts
of
the
wilderness.
It
was
you
who
did
cleave
the
fountains
and
torrents;
it
was
you
who
did
dry
the perennial
streams.
Yours
is
the
day;
yours,
too,
is
the
night,
it
was
you
who
did
establish
the
sun
and
the
star.
It
was
you
who
did
fix
all
the
borders
of
earth:
summer
and
winter it’s
you
who
have
made
them.
Yet,
for
all
this,
the
foe
has
insulted
you,
Lord,
and
a
nation
of
fools
has
reviled
your
name.
Do
not
give
your
dove
to
the
beasts,
do
not
forget
your
afflicted
forever.
Look
to
the
sleek
ones –
how
full
they
are:
the
dark
places
of
earth
are
the
dwellings
of
violence.
O
let
not
the downtrodden
turn
back
ashamed:
let
the
poor
and
the
needy
sing
praise
to
your
name.
Arise,
God,
and
defend
your
cause:
remember
how
fools
all
the
day
insult
you.
Do
not
forget
the
uproar
of
your
enemies,
the
din
of
your
foes
that
ascends
evermore.
Psalm 75 – God the Judge
For the leader; al tashheth. A psalm of Asaph, a song.
We
praise
you,
God,
we
praise
you:
we
would
call
on
your
name
and
declare
your
wonders.
“At
the
time
I
choose,
I
will
judge
fairly.
Though
earth
melt
and
all
her
inhabitants,
it
is
I
who
keep
steady
her
pillars.”
Selah
I
say
to
the
boasters, “Boast
not”;
to
the
wicked, “Lift
not
up
your
horn:
lift
not
your
horn
on
high,
speak
not
boldly
against
the
Rock.”
For
not
from
east
nor
west,
not
from
desert
nor
mountains;
but
God
himself
is
the
judge,
humbling
one
and
exalting
another.
In
the
hand
of
the
Lord
is
a
cup
foaming
wine,
richly
spiced.
Out
of
this
he
pours
a draught,
and
all
the
wicked
of
earth
must
drain
it
down
to
the
dregs.
But
I
will
rejoice
forever,
singing
praise
to
the
God
of
Jacob.
I
will
hew
all
the
horns
of
the
wicked,
but
the
horns
of
the
just
shall
be
lifted.
Psalm 76 – A Song of Victory
For the leader. With instrumental music. A psalm of Asaph, a song.
God
has
made
himself
known
in
Judah,
his
name
is
great
in
Israel.
His
tent
is
in
Salem,
his
dwelling
in
Zion.
There
he
broke
the
lightning
arrows,
shield,
sword,
and
weapons
of
war.
Selah
Terrible
is
your
splendor
on
the
everlasting
mountains.
Despoiled
were
the
stout
of
heart;
in
the
sleep
into
which
they
had
fallen,
none
of
the
warriors
could
lift
a
hand.
At
your
rebuke,
God
of
Jacob,
sank
chariot
and
horse
to
sleep.
Awful
are
you:
who
can
stand
before
you,
when
once
you
are
angry?
The
judgment
you
gave
from
heaven
frightened
the
earth
into
silence,
when
God
arose
to
judgment
to
save
the
oppressed
of
the
earth.
Selah
The
fiercest
will
praise
you,
to
you
will
the
remnant
hold
festival.
Vow
and
pay
to
Lord
your
God,
and
let
all
who
are
round
him
bring
presents.
He lops
off
the
courage
of
princes,
and
with
terror
fills
kings
of
the
earth.
Psalm 77 – A Prayer for Preservation as in the Days of Old
For the leader. On Jeduthun. Of Asaph, a psalm.
Loudly
will
I
lift
my
cry
to
God,
loudly
to
God,
so
he
hears
to
me.
In
the
day
of
my
trouble
I
seek
the
Lord;
in
the
night
I
lift
my
hands
in
prayer,
refusing
all
comfort.
When
I
think
of
God,
I
moan;
when
I
muse,
my
spirit
is
faint.
Selah
When
you
hold
my
eyes
awake,
and
I
am
restless
and
speechless,
I
think
of
the
days
of
old,
call
to
mind
distant
years.
I
commune
with
my
heart
in
the
night,
I
muse
with inquiring
spirit.
“Will
the
Lord
cast
us
off
forever,
will
he
be
gracious
no
more?
Has
his
love
vanished
forever?
Is
his
faithfulness
utterly
gone?
Has
God
forgotten
to
be
gracious,
or
in
anger
withheld
his
compassion?”
Selah
Then
I
said, “This
it
is
that grieves
me,
that
the
hand
of
the
Most
High
has
changed.”
I
will
think
of
the
deeds
of
the
Lord,
and
remember
your
wonders
of
old.
I
will
muse
on
all
you
have
wrought,
and
meditate
on
your
deeds.
Then
your
way,
O
God,
was
majestic:
what
God
was
great
as
our
God?
You
were
a
God
who
did
marvels,
you
did
show
your
power
to
the
world
by
your
arm
you
rescued
your
people,
the
children
of
Jacob
and
Joseph.
Selah
The
waters
saw
you,
O
God.
The
waters
saw
you
and shivered;
to
their
depths
they
trembled.
Clouds
poured
torrents
of
water,
thunder
rolled
in
the
sky,
your
arrows
sped
to
and
fro.
Loud
was
the
roll
of
your
thunder,
lightnings
lit
up
the
world.
Earth
quaked
and
trembled.
In
your
way,
Lord,
through
the
sea,
in
your
path
through
the
mighty
waters,
your
footsteps
were
all unseen.
You
did
guide
your
folk
like
a
flock
by
the
hand
of
Moses
and
Aaron.
Psalm 78 – The Warnings of History
A maskil of Asaph.
My
people,
attend
to
my
teaching:
bend
your
ears
to
the
words
of
my
mouth,
as
I
open
my
mouth
in
a poem
on
the riddling
story
of
the
past.
What
we
have
heard
and
known,
and
what
our
ancestors
have
told
us,
we
will
not
hide
from
their
children.
We
will
tell
to
the
next
generation
the
praises
and
might
of
the
Lord,
and
the
wonders
that
he
has
done.
He
set
up
a
testimony
in
Jacob,
a
law
he
appointed
in
Israel,
which
he
commanded
our
ancestors
to
make
known
to
their
children,
that
the
next
generation
should
know
it,
that
the
children
yet
to
be
born
should
arise
and
tell
their
children;
that
in
God
they
might
put
their
confidence,
and
not
forget
God’s
works;
but
that
they
might
keep
his
commandments,
and
not
be
like
their
ancestors,
a
generation defiant
and
stubborn,
a
generation
with
heart
unsteady,
and
spirit
unfaithful towards
God.
Ephraimites,
armed
bowmen,
turned
back
in
the
day
of
battle.
They
did
not
keep
God’s
covenant,
they
refused
to
walk
in
his
law.
They
forgot
what
he
had
done,
and
the
wonders
he
had
shown
them.
He
did
wonders
before
their
ancestors
in
the
country
of
Zoan
in
Egypt.
Through
the
sea
which
he
split
he
brought
them,
making
waters
stand
up
like
a
heap;
he
led
them
by
day
with
a
cloud,
all
the
night
with
a
light
of
fire.
From
the
rocks
which
he
split
in
the
wilderness,
he
gave
them
to
drink
as
of ocean’s
abundance.
He
brought
streams
out
of
the
rock,
and
made
water
run
down
like
rivers.
Yet
they
still
went
on
sinning
against
him,
they
defied
the
Most
High
in
the
desert.
They
willfully
challenged
God,
demanding
the
food
that
they
longed
for.
“Is
God
able,”
such
was
their
challenge,
“to
spread
in
the
desert
a
table?
From
the
rock
that
he
struck
there
gushed
water,
and
torrents
that
overflowed;
but
can
he
also
give
bread,
or
provide
his
people
with
meat?”
When
the
Lord
heard
this,
he
was
furious,
and
fire
was
kindled
on
Jacob,
anger
flared
up
against
Israel.
For
they
put
no
trust
in
God,
no
confidence
in
his
help.
So
he
summoned
the
clouds
above;
and,
opening
the
doors
of
heaven,
he
rained
manna
upon
them
for
food,
and
grain
of
heaven
he
gave
them.
Everyone
ate
the
bread
of
angels;
he
sent
them
food
to
the
full.
He
launched
the
east
wind
in
the
heavens,
and
guided
the
south
by
his
power.
He
rained
meat
upon
them
like
dust,
winged
bird
like
the
sand
of
the
sea.
In
the
midst
of
their
camp
he
dropped
it,
all
around
their
tents.
They
ate
and
were
more
than
filled;
he
had
brought
them
the
thing
they
desired.
But
the
thing
they
desired
became
loathsome:
while
their
food
was
still
in
their
mouths,
the
wrath
of
God
rose
against
them.
He
slew
the
stoutest
among
them,
and
laid
low
the
young
men
of
Israel.
Yet
for
all
this
they
sinned
yet
more,
and
refused
to
believe
in
his
wonders.
So
he
ended
their
days
in
a
breath,
and
their
years
in
sudden
dismay.
When
he
slew
them,
then
they
sought
after
him,
they
turned
and
sought
God
with
diligence.
They
remembered
that
God
was
their
rock,
and
the
Most
High
God
their
redeemer.
But
they flattered
him
with
their
mouth,
and
lied
to
him
with
their
tongue.
Their
heart
was
not
steady
with
him,
they
were
faithless
to
his
covenant.
But
he
is
full
of
pity:
he
pardons
sin
and
destroys
not.
Often
he
turns
his
anger
away,
without
stirring
his
wrath
at
all.
So
he
remembered
that
they
were
but
flesh,
breath
that
passes
and
does
not
return.
But
how
often
they
rebelled
in
the
desert,
and
caused
him
grief
in
the
wilderness,
tempting
God
again
and
again,
provoking
the
Holy
One
of
Israel.
They
did
not
remember
his
strength,
nor
the
day
he
redeemed
from
the
foe,
how
he
set
his
signs
in
Egypt,
in
the
country
of
Zoan
his
wonders.
He
turned
their
canals
into
blood,
their
streams undrinkable.
He
sent
forth
flies,
which
devoured
them;
frogs,
too,
which
destroyed
them.
Their
crops
he
gave
to
the
caterpillar,
and
the
fruits
of
their
toil
to
the
locust.
He
slew
their
vines
with
hail,
and
their
sycamore
trees
with
frost.
He
delivered
their
cattle
to
the
hail,
and
their
flocks
to
bolts
of
fire.
He
let
loose
his
hot
anger
among
them,
fury
and
wrath
and
distress,
a
band
of
destroying
angels.
He
cleared
a
path
for
his
anger,
did
not
spare
them
from
death,
but
gave
them
over
to
pestilence.
He
struck
down
all
the
firstborn
in
Egypt,
the
first
fruits
of
their
strength
in
the
tents
of
Ham.
He
led
forth
his
people
like
sheep,
he
was
guide
to
his
flock
in
the
desert.
Securely
he
led
them,
and
free
from
fear,
while
their
foes
were
drowned
in
the
sea.
To
his
holy
realm
he
brought
them,
to
the
mountain
his
right
hand
had
purchased.
He
drove
out
the
nations
before
them,
and
allotted
their
land
for
possession,
and
their
tents
for
Israel
to
live
in.
Yet
they
tempted
and
angered
the
Most
High
God,
they
did
not
observe
his
decrees.
They
drew
back,
false
like
their
ancestors;
they
failed
like
a
treacherous
bow.
Their
shrines
stirred
him
to
anger,
their
idols
moved
him
to
jealousy.
When
God
heard
of
this,
he
was
furious,
and
he
spurned
Israel
utterly.
He
abandoned
his
home
in
Shiloh,
the
tent
he
had
pitched
among
people.
He
gave
his
strength
up
to
captivity,
his
glory
to
the
hands
of
the
foe.
He
gave
his
people
to
the
sword,
he
was
furious
with
his
own.
Fire
devoured
their
young
men,
and
their
maidens
had
no marriage-song.
Their
priests
fell
by
the
sword,
and
their
widows
could
not
weep.
Then
the
Lord
awoke
as
from
sleep,
like
a
warrior
flushed
with
wine;
and
he
beat
back
his
foes,
putting
them
to
perpetual
scorn.
He disowned
the
tent
of
Joseph,
he
rejected
the
tribe
of
Ephraim;
but
he
chose
the
tribe
of
Judah,
Mount
Zion,
which
he
loves.
And
he
built
like
the
heights
his
sanctuary,
like
the
earth
which
he
founded
forever.
And
he
chose
David
his
servant,
taking
him
from
the
sheepfolds.
From
the mother-ewes
he
brought
him,
to
be
shepherd
to
Jacob
his
people,
and
to
Israel
his
inheritance.
With
upright
heart
did
he
shepherd
them,
and
with
skilful
hands
did
he
guide
them.
Psalm 79 – A National Prayer for Deliverance
A psalm of Asaph.
Heathen,
O
God,
have
come
into
your
land,
defiling
your
holy
temple,
and
laying
Jerusalem
in
ruins.
They
have
given
the
bodies
of
your
dead
servants
to
the
birds
of
the
air
to
devour,
and
the
flesh
of
your
faithful
to
the
beasts
of
the
field.
Round
about
Jerusalem
they
have
poured
out
their
blood
like
water;
and
there
was
no
one
to
bury
them.
On
every
side
our
neighbors
revile
us
and
mock
us
and jeer
at
us.
How
long
will
you
be
angry,
O
Lord?
Will
your
jealousy
burn
like
fire
forever?
Pour
out
your
wrath
on
the
nations
that
don’t
know
you,
on
the
kingdoms
that
do
not
call
on
your
name.
For
Jacob
they
devoured,
they
have
desolated
his
home.
Do
not
remember
against
us
our ancestors’
sins;
O
meet
us
soon
with
your
pity,
for
utterly
weak
are
we.
Help
us,
O
God
our
savior,
for
the
renown
of
your
name:
for
your
reputation
deliver
us
and
cover
over
our
sins.
Why
should
the
nations
say,
“Where
is
their
God?”
Let
revenge
for
the outpoured
blood
of
your
servants
be
shown
on
the
heathen
before
our
eyes.
May
the
groans
of
the
prisoner
come
before
you;
free
the
children
of
death
by
your
mighty
arm.
Pay
our
neighbors
back
sevenfold
for
the
scorn
they
have heaped
upon
you,
O
Lord.
Then
we,
your
people,
the
flock
of
your
pasture,
will
give
thanks
to
you
for
evermore,
and
tell
your
praise
to
all
generations.
Psalm 80 – A Prayer for the Preservation of Israel
For the leader. On shoshannim, eduth. Of Asaph, a psalm.
Listen,
Shepherd
of
Israel,
who
leads
Joseph
like
a
flock
of
sheep;
from
your
throne
on
the
cherubs
shine
forth
before
Ephraim,
Manasseh,
and
Benjamin.
Stir
up
your
mighty
power,
come
to
our
help.
God,
restore
us:
show
us
the
light
of
your
face,
so
we
may
be
saved.
O
Lord
of
hosts,
how
long
is
your
anger
to
smoke,
despite
the
prayer
of
your
people?
You
have
fed
them
with
bread
of
tears,
you
have
made
them
drink
tears
by
the
measure.
The
scorn
of
our
neighbors
you
make
us,
the laughing-stock
of
our
foes.
God
of
hosts,
restore
us:
show
us
the
light
of
your
face,
so
we
may
be
saved.
A
vine
out
of
Egypt
you
brought;
you
did
drive
out
the
nations,
and
plant
her;
in
the
ground
you
did
clear
she
struck
root,
and
she
filled
all
the
land.
The
shade
of
her
covered
the
mountains,
her
branches
the
cedars
of
God.
She
sent
forth
her
shoots
to
the
sea,
and
her
branches
as
far
as
the
River.
Why
have
you
torn
down
her fences,
and
left
her
to
be
plucked
at
by
all
who
pass
by,
to
be gnawed
by
the
boar
from
the
forest,
and
devoured
by
the
beasts
of
the
field?
O
God
of
hosts,
return:
look
down
from
heaven
and
see
and
visit
this
vine,
and
restore
her
the
vine
which
your
right
hand
has
planted.
She
is
burned
with
fire
and
cut
down
before
your
stern
face
they
are
perishing.
Support
the
one
you
have
chosen,
the
one
you
have
raised
for
yourself;
then
from
you
we
will
never
draw
back.
Preserve
us,
and
we
will
call
on
your
name.
Lord,
God
of
hosts,
restore
us:
Show
us
the
light
of
your
face,
so
we
may
be
saved.
Psalm 81 – For the Feast of Tabernacles
For the leader. On the gittith. Of Asaph.
Sing
aloud
to
God
our
strength,
shout
for
joy
to
the
God
of
Jacob.
Raise
a
song,
sound
the
timbrel,
sweet
lyre
and
harp.
On
the
new
moon
blow
the
horn,
at
the
full
moon,
the
day
of
our
festival.
For
this
is
a
statute
for
Israel,
a
ruling
of
the
God
of
Jacob,
a
witness
he
set
up
in
Joseph,
when
he
marched
against
Egypt’s
land,
where
he
heard
an
unknown
voice
say:
“I
removed
from
your
shoulder
the
burden,
and
freed
your
hands
from
the
basket.
At
your
call
of
distress
I
delivered
you,
from
the
thundercloud
I
answered
you.
At Meribah’s
waters
I
tested
you.
Selah
“Listen,
my
people,
to
my
warning,
O
Israel,
if
you
would
but
listen!
There
must
not
be
a
strange
god
among
you,
you
must
bow
to
no
foreign
god.
I
am
the
Lord
your
God
who
brought
you
up
out
of
Egypt.
Open
your
mouth,
that
I
fill
it.
“But
my
people
did
not
listen
to
my
voice,
Israel
would
have
none
of
me.
So
to
their
own
hard
hearts
I
left
them,
to
follow
their
own
devices.
O
that
my
people
would
listen,
that
Israel
would
walk
in
my
ways.
Soon
would
I
humble
their
enemies,
and
turn
my
hand
on
their
foes.
Those
who
hate
the
Lord
would
cringe
before
him
in
everlasting
terror.
But
you
would
I
feed
with
the
richest
wheat,
and
with
honey
from
the
rock
to
your
heart’s
desire.”
Psalm 82 – God the Upholder of Justice
A psalm of Asaph.
God
has
taken
his
stand
in
the
divine
assembly:
in
the
midst
of
the
gods
he
holds
judgment.
“How
long
will
you crookedly
judge,
and
favor
the
wicked?
Selah
Do
right
by
the
weak
and
the
orphan,
acquit
the
innocent
poor.
Rescue
the
weak
and
the
needy,
save
them
from
the
hand
of
the
wicked.
“They
have
neither
knowledge
nor
insight,
in
darkness
they
walk
to
and
fro,
while
the
earth’s
foundations
totter.
It
was
I
who
appointed
you
gods,
children
of
the
Most
High
all
of
you.
Yet
like
mortals
you
will
surely
die,
you
will
fall
like
any
prince.”
Arise,
O
God,
judge
the
earth,
for
all
nations
are
yours
by
inheritance.
Psalm 83 – A Prayer for the Destruction of the Enemies of Judah
A song, a psalm of Asaph.
Do
not
keep
silent,
O
God:
hold
not
your
peace,
be
not
still,
God.
For
see!
Your
enemies
roar,
those
who
hate
you
lift
up
their
heads,
laying
crafty
plans
for
your
people,
and
plotting
against
those
you
treasure.
“Come,
let
us
wipe
them
out
as
a
nation,
so
Israel’s
name
will
be
mentioned
no
more.”
For, conspiring
with
one
accord,
they
have
made
a
league
against
you
Tents
of
Edom,
and
Ishmaelites,
Moab,
and
the
Hagrites.
Gebal
and
Ammon
and
Amalek,
Philistia,
with
the
people
of
Tyre;
Syria,
too,
is
confederate,
they
have
strengthened
the
children
of
Lot.
Selah
Deal
with
them
as
you
dealt
with
Midian,
with
Sisera,
with
Jabin,
at
the
torrent
of
Kishon,
who
at
Endor
were
destroyed,
and
became
dung
for
the
field.
Make
their
nobles
like
Oreb
and
Zeeb,
all
their
princes
like
Zebah
and
Zalmunna,
who
said, “Let
us
take
for
ourselves
the
meadows
of
God.”
Whirl
them,
my
God,
like
dust,
like
stubble
before
the
wind.
As
the
fire
that
kindles
the
forest,
as
flame
that
sets
mountains
ablaze,
so
with
your
tempest
pursue
them,
terrify
them
with
your hurricane.
Make
them
blush
with
shame;
until
they
seek
your
name,
O
Lord.
Everlasting
shame
and
confusion,
disgrace
and
destruction
be
theirs.
Teach
those
who
you
alone
are
most
high
over
all
the
earth.
Psalm 84 – The Song of the Pilgrims
For the leader. On the gittith. Of the Korahites, a psalm.
How
dearly
loved
is
the
place
where
you
live,
Lord
of
hosts!
How
I
long
and
yearn
for
the
courts
of
the
Lord.
Now
heart
and
flesh
cry
for
joy
to
the
living
God.
Even
the
sparrow
has
found
her
a
home
and
the
swallow
a
nest,
to
lay
her
young,
near
your
altar,
Lord
of
hosts,
my
king
and
my
God.
Happy
those
who
live
in
your
house,
praising
you
evermore.
Selah
Happy
those
whose
strength
is
in
you,
people
with pilgrim
hearts.
As
they
pass
through
the
valley
of
tears,
they
make
it
a
place
of
fountains,
clothed
with
the
blessings
of
early
rain.
From
rampart
to
rampart
on
they
march,
till
at
last
God
reveals
himself
in
Zion.
Lord,
God
of
hosts,
hear
my
prayer,
attend,
O
God
of
Jacob.
Selah
Behold,
O
God,
our defender,
and
look
upon
your
anointed,
for
better
a
single
day
in
your
courts
than
a
thousand
in
my
own
chambers:
better
stand
at
the
door
of
the
house
of
my
God
than
live
in
the
tents
of
ungodliness,
for
the
Lord
is
sun
and
shield,
the
Lord
gives
grace
and
glory.
He
withholds
no
good
thing
from
the
life
that
is
blameless.
Lord
of
hosts,
happy
those
whose
trust
is
in
you.
Psalm 85 – A Prayer for National Restoration
For the leader. Of the Korahites, a psalm.
Once,
Lord,
you
did
favor
your
land,
granting
change
of
fortune
to
Jacob,
forgiving
the
guilt
of
your
people,
pardoning
all
their
sin,
Selah
withdrawing
all
your
fury,
turning
from
your
hot
anger.
Restore
us,
O
God
our
savior,
put
away
your
displeasure
against
us.
Will
you
cherish
your
anger
against
us
forever,
prolonging
your
wrath
to
all
generations?
Will
you
not
revive
us
again,
that
your
people
may
be
glad
in
you?
Show
us
your
kindness,
O
Lord,
grant
us
your
salvation.
Let
me
hear
what
God
the
Lord
will
speak;
for
he
will
speak
of
peace
to
his
people,
to
those
who
love
him,
and
turn
their
hearts
to
him.
Soon
those
who
fear
him
shall
see
how
he
saves,
and
glory
shall
live
in
our
land.
Kindness
and
loyalty
meet;
peace
and
righteousness
kiss.
Loyalty
springs
from
the
earth;
righteousness
looks
from
the
sky.
The
Lord
shall
give
all
that
is
good,
our
land
yielding
its
increase,
righteousness
marching
before
him,
and
peace
on
the
path
he
treads.
Psalm 86 – A Prayer for Divine Guidance and Favor
A prayer of David.
Incline
your
ear,
Lord,
and
answer
me,
for
I
am
afflicted
and
needy.
Guard
me,
for
I
am
loyal:
save
your
servant,
who
trusts
in
you.
Lord,
be
gracious
to
me,
for
you
are
my
God;
I
cry
to
you
all
the
day.
Gladden
the
heart
of
your
servant;
for
to
you,
Lord,
I
set
my
hope.
For
you,
Lord,
are
good
and
forgiving,
rich
in
love towards
all
who
call
on
you.
Listen,
O
Lord,
to
my
prayer;
attend
to
my
plea
for
mercy.
In
the
day
of
my
trouble
I
call
on
you,
with
assurance
that
you
will
answer
me.
None
of
the
gods
is
like
you,
Lord,
nor
are
any
works
like
yours.
All
the
nations
you
have
made
will
come
and
bow
down
before
you,
giving
glory,
O
Lord,
to
your
name.
For
great
are
you,
and
a
doer
of
wonders;
you
alone
are
God.
Teach
me,
O
Lord,
your
way,
that
I
may
walk
in
your
truth:
so
my
heart
shall
rejoice
in
your
name.
I
will
give
you
thanks,
O
Lord,
with
all
my
heart,
my
God,
I
will
honor
your
name
forever.
For
great
is
your
love towards
me,
from
the
depths
of
Sheol
you
have
saved
me.
Haughty
men
have
risen
up
against
me,
O
God,
a
band
of
the
violent
seeking
my
life,
who
think
nothing
of
you.
But
you
are
a
God
of
pity
and
grace,
patient
and
rich
in
kindness
and
faithfulness;
turn
to
me
with
your
grace,
O
Lord.
Grant
your
strength
to
your
servant,
and
save
the
child
of
your
handmaid.
Show
me
a
sign
of
your
favor,
which
those
who
hate
me
may
see
with
confusion,
since
you,
Lord,
are
my
helper
and
comforter.
Psalm 87 – Zion, City of God
Of the Korahites, a psalm. A song.
On
the
holy
mountain
stands
the
city
he
founded.
The
Lord
loves
the
gates
of
Zion
more
than
all
the
dwellings
of
Jacob.
Glorious
things
he
is
speaking
of
you,
you
city
of
God.
Selah
“Among
those
who
are
mine
I
name
Rahab
and
Babylon,
Philistia,
Tyre,
Ethiopia,
their
people
will
say
I
was
born
in
Zion.
As
for
Zion
it
will
be
said
each
and
all
were
born
in
her.”
The
Lord
will
preserve
her.
The
Lord
will
count,
when enrolling
the
peoples,
“This
one
was
born
there,
and
that
one
was
born
there.”
Selah
Singers
and dancers
alike
will
say
“All
my
springs
are
in
you.”
Psalm 88 – The Prayer of Despair
A Song, a psalm of the Korahites. To the leader: according to Mahalath Leannoth. A Maskil of Heman the Ezrahite.
O
Lord
my
God,
I
cry
for
help
in
the day-time,
in
the
night
my
cry
is
before
you;
let
my
prayer
come
into
your
presence,
incline
your
ear
to
my
cry.
For
I
am
sated
with
sorrow,
my
life
draws
near
to
Sheol.
I
am
counted
with
those
who
go
down
to
the
pit;
without
strength
am
I.
My
home
is
among
the
dead,
like
the
slain
that
lie
in
the
grave,
whom
you
remember
no
more
cut
off
as
they
are
from
your
hand.
In
the deepest
pit
you
have
put
me,
in
shadows
deep
and
dark.
Your
wrath
lies
heavy
upon
me,
waves
of
your
anger
roll
over
me.
Selah
You
have
put
my
friends
far
from
me,
you
have
made
them
shun
me.
I
am
shut
in,
and
cannot
escape,
my
eyes
are
wasted
with
sorrow.
I
call
on
you,
Lord,
every
day,
spreading
my
hands
out
to
you.
For
the
dead
can
you
work
wonders?
Can
the shades
rise
again
to
praise
you?
Selah
Can
your
kindness
be
told
in
the
grave,
your
faithfulness
in
the
tomb?
Can
your
wonders
be
known
in
the
darkness,
or
your
help
in
the
land
of
forgetfulness?
I
cry
for
help
to
you,
in
the
morning
my
prayer
comes
before
you.
Why,
O
Lord,
do
you
spurn
me,
and
hide
your
face
from
me?
From
my
youth
I
am
wretched
and
dying,
I
am numbed
by
the
terrors
I
bear.
The
fires
of
your
wrath
have
passed
over
me,
your
terrors
destroy
me,
surging
around
me
forever,
hemming
me
in
altogether.
Those
who
love
me
you
put
far
from
me;
the
dark
is
my
only
friend.
Psalm 89 – The Promise to David
A Maskil of Ethan the Ezrahite.
I
will
sing
evermore
of
the
love
of
the
Lord,
proclaiming
to
all
generations
his
faithfulness.
For
your
love
you
did
promise
to
build
up
forever,
your
faithfulness
firm
as
the
heavens
themselves.
“I
have
made
with
my
chosen
a
covenant,
and
sworn
to
David
my
servant,
to
establish
his
seed
forever,
and
to
build
up
his
throne
to
all
ages.”
Selah
Then
the
holy
assembly
in
heaven
praised
your
marvelous
faithfulness,
Lord.
For
who
in
the
skies
may
compare
with
the
Lord?
Who
is
like
the
Lord
among
the
gods?
A
God
to
be
feared
in
the
holy
assembly,
awful
and
great
above
all
who
are
round
him.
O
Lord
God
of
hosts,
who
is
mighty
as
you?
Your
strength
and
faithfulness,
Lord,
surround
you.
You
are
the
Lord
of
the
raging
sea:
when
its
waves
surge,
it
is
you
who
still
them.
It
was
you
who
did
pierce
and
crush
Rahab
in
pieces,
and
scatter
your
foes
by
your
mighty
arm.
Yours
are
the
heavens,
yours
also
the
earth,
the
world
and
its
fulness, it’s
you
who
did
found
them.
The
north
and
the
south, it’s
you
have
created
them;
Tabor
and
Hermon
shout
praise
to
your
name.
You
have
an
arm
with
the
might
of
a hero;
strong
is
your
hand,
high
uplifted
your
right
hand.
Justice
and
right
are
the
base
of
your
throne,
kindness
and
faithfulness
ever
attend
you.
Happy
the
people
who
know
the
glad
shout,
who
walk,
O
Lord,
in
the
light
of
your
face.
They
exult
in
your
name
all
the
day,
and
your
righteousness
they
extol.
For
you
are
our
strength
and
our
pride.
Your
favor
will
lift
us
to
honor.
For
the
holy
Lord
of
Israel
keeps
our defender
and
king.
In
a
vision
of
old
you
did
speak
in
this
way
to
the
one
whom
you
loved:
“A
crown
I
have
set
on
the hero
I
chose
to
be
over
the
people
“I
found
my
servant
David,
and
anointed
with
holy
oil.
My
hand
will
be
with
him
forever,
my
arm
will
give
him
strength.
“No
enemy
will
dare
to
assail
him,
nor
the
wicked
to
oppress
him;
but
his
foes
I
will
shatter
before
him,
I
will
strike
down
those
who
hate
him.
“My
loyal
love
shall
attend
him,
and
I
will
lift
him
to
honor.
I
will
set
his
hand
on
the
sea,
and
his
right
hand
on
the
rivers.
“As
for
him,
he
will
call
me ‘My
father,
my
God,
and
my
rock
of
salvation.’
And
I
will
make
him
my
firstborn,
highest
of
kings
on
the
earth.
“My
love
will
I
keep
for
him
ever,
my
covenant
with
him
shall
stand
fast.
His
line
will
I
make
everlasting,
and
his
throne
as
the
days
of
the
heavens.
“If
his
children
forsake
my
law,
and
walk
not
as
I
have
ordained;
if
they
profane
my
statutes,
and
do
not
keep
my
commandments;
“I
will
punish
their
sin
with
the
rod,
their
iniquity
with
scourges.
But
my
love
will
I
not
take
from
him,
nor
will
I belie
my
faithfulness.
“I
will
not
profane
my
covenant
by
changing
the
word
that
has
passed
my
lips.
Once
have
I
solemnly
sworn
and
I
would
not
lie
to
David,
“that
his
line
should
endure
forever,
and
his
throne
as
the
sun
before
me,
firm
as
the
moon
which
for
ever
and
ever
is
fixed
in
the
sky.”
Selah
But
you
have
cast
off
in
contempt,
and
been
furious
with
your
anointed.
You
have
spurned
the
covenant
with
your
servant,
and
his
sacred
crown
dashed
to
the
ground.
You
have
broken
down
all
his
walls,
and
laid
his
bulwarks
in
ruins.
All
who
pass
on
their
way
despoil
him,
the
scorn
of
his
neighbors
is
he
now.
You
have
given
his
foes
the
victory,
and
made
all
his
enemies
glad.
You
have
turned
back
his
sword
from
the
foe,
you
did
not
lift
him
up
in
the
battle.
The
sceptre
you
took
from
his
hand,
and
his
throne
you
did
hurl
to
the
ground.
You
have
shortened
the
days
of
his
youth,
and
covered
him
with
shame.
Selah
How
long,
Lord
will
you
hide
you
forever?
How
long
are
the
fires
of
your
wrath
to
burn?
Remember,
Lord,
the shortness
of
life
how
fleeting
you
made
all
people.
Who
can
live
without
seeing
death?
Who
can
rescue
their
life
from
the clutch
of
Sheol?
Selah
Where,
Lord,
is
your
kindness
of
old,
which
you
in
your
faithfulness
swore
to
David?
Remember,
O
Lord,
how
your
servants
are
mocked,
how
I
bear
in
my
heart
the
scorn
of
all
nations
The
scorn
which
your
enemies
hurl,
O
Lord,
which
they
hurl
at
the
footsteps
of
your
anointed.
Blest be the
Lord, for ever and ever.
Amen and Amen.
Book Four
Psalm 90 – Hymn of Eternity
A prayer of Moses, the man of God.
Lord,
you
have
been
a
home
to
us
one
generation
after
another.
Before
the
mountains
were
born,
or
the
earth
and
the
world
were
brought
forth,
from
everlasting
to
everlasting
you
are
God.
You
bring
us
back
to
the
dust,
you
summon
mortals
to
return.
For
you
see
a
thousand
years
as
the
passing
of
yesterday,
as
a
watch
in
the
night.
Your
floods
sweep
them
away;
they
are
like
a
dream,
or
like
grass
which
sprouts
in
the
morning,
which
blossoms
and
sprouts
in
the
morning,
but
by
evening
is
cut
and
withered.
For
your
anger
consumes
us,
the
heat
of
your
wrath confounds
us.
Our
sins
you
have
set
before
you,
our
secrets
in
the
light
of
your
face.
For
through
your
wrath
our
days
are declining,
we
bring
our
years
to
an
end
as
a
sigh.
The
span
of
our
life
is
seventy
years,
or,
if
we
are
strong,
maybe
eighty;
yet
is
their
breadth
but
empty
toil,
for
swiftly
they
go,
and
we
fly
away.
Who
lays
to
heart
the
power
of
your
anger?
Or
who
stands
in reverent
awe
of
your
wrath?
O
teach
us
to
count
our
days
so
our
minds
may
learn
wisdom.
Return,
O
Lord;
why
so
long?
Relent
on
your
servants.
Grant
us
your
love
to
the
full
in
the
morning,
that
all
our
days
we
may
shout
for
joy.
Make
us
glad
for
the
days
you
have
humbled
us,
for
the
evil
years
we
have
seen.
Let
your
servants
see
you
in
action,
show
your
majesty
to
their
children.
Let
the
grace
of
the
Lord
our
God
be
upon
us,
uphold
what
our
hands
are
striving
to
do.
Psalm 91 – In the Shelter of the Most High
You
whose
home
is
the
shelter
of
God
Most
High,
whose
abode
is
the
shadow
of
God
Almighty,
can
say
to
the
Lord, “My
refuge,
my
fortress,
my
God,
in
whom
I
trust.”
For
he
saves
you
from fowler’s
snare,
from
deadly
plague,
he
shelters
you
with
his
pinions,
and
under
his
wings
you
can
hide.
His
truth
will
be
a
shield
and
buckler.
You
need
not
fear
the
terror
of
night,
nor
the
arrow
that
flies
by
day,
nor
the
plague
that
stalks
in
darkness,
nor
the
pestilence
raging
at
noon.
A
thousand
may
fall
at
your
side,
ten
thousand
at
your
right
hand:
but
it
will
not
draw
near
to
you.
You
will
only
look
on
with
your
eyes,
and
see
how
the
wicked
are
punished.
You
have
made
the
Lord
your
refuge,
you
have
made
the
Most
High
your
defence.
You
will
never
be
met
by
misfortune,
no
plague
will
come
near
your
tent,
for
he
orders
his
angels
to
guard
you,
wherever
you
go.
They
will
carry
you
with
their
hands,
so
you
don’t
hurt
your
foot
on
a
stone.
You
will
trample
down
lions
and
snakes,
tread
on
young
lions
and
cobras.
“Because
of
their
love
for
me,
I
will
deliver
them,
I
will
protect
those
who
trust
my
name.
I
will
answer
their
cry
and
be
with
them
in
trouble,
bringing
them
forth
into
safety
and
honor.
I
will
give
them
a
life
of
many
days,
I
will
show
them
my
salvation.”
Psalm 92 – The Ways of God
A psalm. A song; for the sabbath day.
It
is
good
to
give
thanks
to
the
Lord,
to
sing
praise
to
your
name,
O
Most
High,
to
declare
your
love
in
the
morning,
and
your
faithfulness
in
the
night,
with
voice
and
a
ten-stringed
harp,
with
music
that
throbs
on
the
lyre.
For
you
make
me
glad
by
your
deeds,
Lord,
at
the
work
of
your
hands
I
will
ring
out
my
joy.
How
great
are
your
works,
O
Lord;
how
deep
are
your
thoughts!
The
insensitive
cannot
know,
nor
can
a
fool
understand,
that,
though
the
wicked
flourish
like
grass,
and
evildoers
all
blossom,
they
will
perish
forever.
But
you
are
exalted
forever.
For
see!
Your
enemies,
Lord
For
see!
Your
enemies
perish,
all
evildoers
are
scattered.
But
you
lift
me
to
honor,
and
anoint
me afresh
with
oil.
My
eyes
will
feast
on
my
foes,
and
my
ears
will
hear
of
the
doom
of
the
wicked.
The
righteous
will
sprout
like
the
palm,
will
grow
like
a
cedar
of
Lebanon.
In
the
house
of
the
Lord
are
they
planted,
in
the
courts
of
our
God
they
will
sprout.
They
will
still
bear
fruit
in
old
age,
all sappy
and
fresh
will
they
be
So
they
proclaim
the
Lord
to
be
just,
my
rock,
in
whom
is
no
wrong.
Psalm 93 – The Lord, King of all the World
The
Lord
has
taken
his
seat
on
the
throne,
clothed
with
majesty,
armed
with
might.
Now
the
world
stands
firm,
to
be
shaken
no
more,
firm
stands
your
throne
from
all
eternity.
You
are
from
everlasting.
The
floods,
O
Lord,
have
lifted,
the
floods
have
lifted
their
voice,
the
floods
lift
up
their
roar.
But
more grand
than
the
great
roaring
waters,
more grand
than
the
ocean
waves,
grand
on
the
height
stands
the
Lord.
What
you
have
ordained
is
most
sure;
most
sure
shall
your
house
stand inviolate,
O
Lord,
for
ever
and
ever.
Psalm 94 – A Prayer for Vengeance on the Cruel
Lord,
God
of
vengeance,
God
of
vengeance,
shine
forth.
Rise
up,
judge
of
the
earth,
pay
back
the
proud
what
they
deserve.
Lord,
how
long
shall
the
wicked,
how
long
shall
the
wicked
exult,
with
their blustering
arrogant
words,
their braggart
and
wicked
speech,
crushing
your
people,
Lord,
and afflicting
your
heritage,
murdering
widows
and
strangers,
slaying
the
fatherless?
They
think
that
the
Lord
does
not
see,
nor
the
God
of
Jacob
regard
it.
Take
heed,
you dullest
of
people;
when
will
you
be
wise,
you
fools?
Is
he
deaf,
who
shaped
the
ear?
Is
he
blind,
who
fashioned
the
eye?
Can
he
who
trains
nations
not
punish
them
he
who
teaches
knowledge
to
people?
The
Lord
knows
the
thoughts
of
people,
that
only
a
breath
are
they.
Happy
are
those
whom
you
chasten,
and
teach
out
of
your
law,
keeping
them
calm
in
the
day
of
misfortune,
till
a
pit
be
dug
for
the
wicked.
For
the
Lord
will
not
leave
his
people,
he
will
not
forsake
his
inheritance.
For
the
righteous
shall
come
to
their
rights,
and
all true-hearted
people
shall
follow
them.
Who
will
rise
up
for
me
against
those
who
do
evil?
Who
will
stand
up
for
me
against
workers
of
wrong?
Were
it
not
for
the
help
of
the
Lord,
I
would
soon
have
gone
to
the
silent
grave.
When
I
thought
that
my
foot
was slipping,
your
kindness,
Lord,
held
me
up.
When
with
cares
my
heart
was
crowded,
your
comforts
make
me
glad.
Can
corrupt
justice
be
your
ally,
framing
mischief
by
statute?
They
assail
the
life
of
the
righteous,
and
innocent
blood
condemn.
But
the
Lord
is
my
sure
retreat,
my
God
is
the
rock
of
my
refuge.
He
will
bring
back
their
sin
upon
them,
for
their
wickedness
he
will
destroy
them;
the
Lord
our
God
will
destroy
them.
Psalm 95 – For a Festival. A Hymn of Praise and a Solemn Warning
Come!
Let
us
ring
out
our
joy
to
the
Lord,
let
us
merrily
shout
to
our
rock
of
salvation.
Before
his
face
let
us
come
with
thanks,
with
songs
of
praise
let
us
shout
to
him.
For
the
Lord
is
a
great
God,
king
above
all
gods.
In
his
hand
are
the
depths
of
the
earth,
the
heights
of
the
mountains
are
his.
The
sea
is
his,
for
he
made
it:
the
dry
land
was
formed
by
his
hands.
Come!
Let
us
worship
and
bow
on
our
knees
to
the
Lord
our
creator.
For
he
is
our
God;
and
we
are
the
people
he
tends,
the
sheep
in
his
care.
If
only
you
would
heed
his
voice
today:
“Do
not
harden
your
hearts
as
at
Meribah,
or
at
Massah,
that
day
in
the
desert,
when
your
ancestors
tempted
and
tried
me,
though
they
had
seen
my
deeds.
“For
forty
years
I
was
filled
with
loathing
for
that
generation,
so
I
said:
‘A
people
with
wandering
hearts
are
they,
and
ignorant
of
my
ways.’
So
I
solemnly
swore
to
them
in
my
anger,
that
never
would
they
enter
my
place
of
rest.”
Psalm 96 – The Lord’s Rule
Sing
to
the
Lord
a
new
song,
sing
to
the
Lord,
all
the
earth.
Sing
to
the
Lord,
bless
his
name,
from
day
to
day
herald
his
victory.
Tell
his
glory
among
the
nations,
his
wonders
among
all
peoples.
For
great
is
the
Lord
and
worthy
all
praise;
held
in
awe,
above
all
gods:
for
all
the
gods
of
the
nations
are
idols,
but
the
Lord
created
the
heavens.
Before
him
are
splendor
and
majesty,
beauty
and
strength
in
his
holy
place.
Ascribe
to
the
Lord,
you
tribes
of
the
nations,
ascribe
to
the
Lord
glory
and
strength.
Ascribe
to
the
Lord
the
glory
he manifests:
bring
you
an
offering,
enter
his
courts.
Bow
to
the
Lord
in
holy
array:
tremble
before
him,
all
the
earth.
Say
to
the
nations, “The
Lord
is
king.”
The
world
stands
firm
to
be
shaken
no
more.
He
will
judge
the
peoples
with
equity.
Let
the
heavens
be
glad
and
the
earth
rejoice,
let
the
sea
and
its
fulness
thunder.
Let
the
field,
and
all
that
is
in
it,
exult;
let
the
trees
of
the
forest
ring
out
their
joy
before
the
Lord:
for
he
comes,
he
comes
to
judge
the
earth.
He
will
judge
the
world
with
justice
and
the
nations
with
faithfulness.
Psalm 97 – The Lord’s Judgment
The
Lord
is
king,
let
the
earth
rejoice:
let
her
many
isles
be
glad.
Clouds
and
darkness
are
round
about
him,
justice
and
right
are
the
base
of
his
throne.
Fire
goes
before
him,
and
blazes
around
his
steps,
his
lightnings
illumine
the
world:
the
earth
quakes
at
the
sight.
Mountains
melt
like
wax
before
the
Lord
of
all
the
earth.
The
heavens
proclaim
his
justice,
all
nations
behold
his
glory.
Shamed
are
all image-worshippers,
who
make
a
boast
of
their
idols.
All
the
gods
bow
before
him.
Zion
is
glad
at
the
tidings,
the
towns
of
Judah
rejoice
because
of
your
judgments,
Lord.
For
you
are
most
high
over
all
the
earth,
greatly
exalted
above
all
gods.
The
Lord
loves
those
who
hate
evil,
he
guards
the
lives
of
the
faithful:
from
the
hand
of
the
wicked
he
saves
them.
Light
arises
for
the
righteous,
and
joy
for
the
upright
in
heart.
Rejoice
in
the
Lord,
you
righteous:
give
thanks
to
his
holy
name.
Psalm 98 – A Song of Praise to the Lord
A psalm.
Sing
a
new
song
to
the
Lord,
for
he
has
done
wonders;
his
right
hand
and
holy
arm
have
won
him
the
victory.
The
Lord
has
made
his
victory
known,
and
revealed
to
the
eyes
of
the
nations
his
righteousness.
Mindful
he
was
of
his
kindness
to
Jacob,
faithful
he
was
to
the
house
of
Israel.
All
the
ends
of
the
earth
have
seen
the
victory
of
our
God.
Shout,
all
the
earth,
to
the
Lord:
break
into
cries
and
music.
Play
on
the
lyre
to
the
Lord,
on
the
lyre
and
with
loud
melody.
With
trumpet
and
sound
of
horn,
shout
before
the
king.
Let
the
sea
and
its
fulness
roar,
the
world
and
the
dwellers
upon
it.
Let
the
streams
clap
their
hands,
let
the
hills
shout
for
gladness
together
before
the
Lord
for
he
comes,
he
comes
to
judge
the
earth.
He
will
judge
the
world
with
justice
and
the
nations
with
equity.
Psalm 99 – The Lord’s Just and Holy Rule
The
Lord
is
king;
let
the
nations
tremble:
he
is throned
upon
cherubs;
let
earth
quake.
The
Lord
is
great
in
Zion,
he
is
high
over
all
the
nations.
Let
them
praise
your
great
and
terrible
name.
Holy
is
he.
You
are
a
king
who
loves
justice,
equity
you
have
established:
justice
and
right
you
have
wrought
for
Jacob.
Exalt
the
Lord
our
God,
bow
down
at
his
footstool.
Holy
is
he.
Among
his
priests
were
Moses
and
Aaron,
Samuel
among
those
who
called
on
his
name.
They
called
to
the
Lord,
and
he
gave
them
answer.
He
spoke
to
them
in
the
pillar
of
cloud,
they
kept
his
commands
and
the
statute
he
gave
them.
Lord
our
God,
you
gave
them
answer.
A
God
of
forgiveness
were
you
to
them,
who
suffered
their
deeds
to
go
unpunished.
Exalt
the
Lord
our
God;
bow
down
at
his
holy
mountain.
For
holy
is
the
Lord
our
God.
Psalm 100 – A Call to Worship
A psalm of praise.
Shout,
all
the
earth,
to
the
Lord.
Serve
the
Lord
with
gladness,
approach
him
with ringing
cries.
Be
sure
that
the
Lord
alone
is
God.
It
is
he
who
has
made
us,
and
his
we
are
his
people,
the
sheep
of
his
pasture.
Enter
his
gates
with
thanksgiving,
his
courts
with
praise.
Give
thanks
to
him,
bless
his
name.
For
the
Lord
is
good,
his
love
is
forever,
and
to
all
ages
endures
his
faithfulness.
Psalm 101 – A Model King
Of David, a psalm.
If
kindness
and
justice
I
sing,
making
melody
to
you,
Lord.
I
would
look
to
the
way
that
is
blameless,
and
make
it
my
own.
Within
my
own
house
I
would
walk
with
an
innocent
heart.
I
would
never
direct
my
eyes
to
a
thing
that
is
base.
The impulse
to
stray
I
abhor
it
shall
not
cling
to
me.
Far
from
me
be
perverseness
of
heart,
or kinship
with
evil.
Who
slanders
their
neighbor
in
secret,
I
bring
them
to
silence:
haughty
looks
and
proud
hearts
I
will
not
abide.
I
will
favor
the
true
in
the
land,
they
shall
live
in
my
court.
Those
who
walk
in
a
way
that
is
blameless
will
be
my
attendant.
No
one
will
live
in
my
house
who practises
guile.
No
one
that
speaks
a
lie
will
abide
in
my
presence.
Morn
by morn
I
will
wholly
wipe
out
all
the
bad
in
the
land,
and
cut
off
from
the
Lord’s
own
city
all
workers
of
evil.
Psalm 102 – A Prayer for Pity and for the Restoration of Zion
The prayer: for a weary and suffering person who pours out their grief to the
Lord.
Hear
my
prayer,
O
Lord;
let
my
cry
for
help
come
to
you.
Hide
not
your
face
from
me
in
the
day
of
my
distress.
Incline
your
ear
to
me:
when
I
call,
answer
me
speedily.
For
my
days
pass
away
like
smoke:
my
bones
are
burned
through
as
with
fire.
My
heart
is
scorched,
withered
like
grass;
I
forget
to
eat
my
bread.
By
reason
of
my
loud
groaning,
my
flesh
clings
to
my
bones.
Like
a desert-owl
of
the
wilderness,
like
an
owl
among
ruins
am
I.
I
make
my sleepless
lament
like
a
bird
on
the house-top
alone.
All
the
day
wild
foes
revile
me,
using
my
name
for
a
curse.
For
ashes
have
been
my
bread,
and
tears
have
been
mixed
with
my
cup.
Because
of
your passionate
anger,
you
did
raise
me,
then
hurl
me
to
the
ground.
My
days
come
to
an
end,
shadows
lengthen,
I
wither
like
grass.
But
you,
O
Lord,
are
enthroned
forever,
your
fame
endures
to
all
generations.
You
will
arise
and
have
pity
on
Zion;
it’s
time
to
be
gracious;
her
hour
has
come.
For
even
her
stones
are
dear
to
your
servants,
even
the
dust
of
her
ruins
they
look
on
with
love.
Then
the
nations
will
revere
the
name
of
the
Lord
and
all
the
kings
of
the
earth
his
glory,
when
the
Lord
shall
have
built
up
Zion,
and
revealed
himself
in
his
glory,
in
response
to
the
prayer
of
the
destitute,
whose
prayer
he
will
not
despise.
Let
this
be
recorded
for
ages
to
come,
that
the
Lord
may
be
praised
by
a
people
yet unborn.
For
he
shall
look
down
from
his
holy
height,
from
the
heavens
the
Lord
will
gaze
on
the
earth,
to
hear
the
groans
of
the
prisoner,
to
free
those
who
are
doomed
to
die;
that
people
may
recount
the
Lord’s
fame
in
Zion,
and
the
praise
of
him
in
Jerusalem,
when
the
nations
are
gathered
together,
and
the
kingdoms,
to
worship
the
Lord.
He
has
broken
my
strength
on
the
way,
he
has
shortened
my
days.
I
will
say, “My
God,
take
me
not
hence
in
the
midst
of
my
days.
“Your
years
endure
age
after
age.
Of
old
you
have
founded
the
earth,
and
the
heavens
are
the
work
of
your
hands.
They
shall
perish;
but
you
do
stand.
They
shall
all
wax
old
like
a
garment,
and
change
as
a
robe
you
will
change
them.
But
you
are
the
same,
your
years
are
endless.
The
children
of
your
servants
abide,
evermore
shall
their
seed
be
before
you.”
Psalm 103 – Bless the Lord, O my Soul
Of David.
O
my
soul,
bless
the
Lord;
and
all
that
is
in
me,
his
holy
name.
O
my
soul,
bless
the
Lord;
and
forget
not
one
of
his
benefits.
He
pardons
all
your
sins,
he
heals
all
your
diseases.
He ransoms
your
life
from
the
pit,
he
crowns
you
with
kindness
and
pity.
He
gives
you
your
heart’s
desire,
renewing
your
youth
like
the
eagle’s.
The
Lord
executes
justice –
and
right
for
all
who
are
wronged.
He
revealed
his
ways
to
Moses,
his
acts
to
the
children
of
Israel.
Full
of
pity
and
grace
is
the
Lord,
patient,
and
rich
in
kindness:
he
will
not
always
chide,
nor
cherish
his
anger
forever.
Not
after
our
sins
has
he
dealt
with
us,
nor
requited
us
after
our
wickedness.
For
high
as
the
heavens o’er
the
earth
is
his
love
over
those
who
fear
him.
Far
as
is
east
from
the
west
has
he
put
our
transgressions
from
us.
As
a
father pities
his
children,
so
the
Lord pities
those
who
fear
him;
for
well
he
knows
our
frame,
he
remembers
that
we
are
dust.
A
person’s
days
are
as
grass;
blossoms
like
a
flower
of
the
meadow.
At
the
breath
of
the
wind
it
is
gone,
and
the
place
thereof
knows
it
no
more.
But
the
love
of
the
Lord
is
eternal,
and
his
kindness
to
children’s
children,
to
those
who
keep
his
covenant
and mindfully
do
his behests.
The
Lord
has
set
his
throne
in
the
heavens;
the
whole
world
is
under
his
sway.
Bless
the
Lord,
you
angels
of
his,
mighty
heroes
performing
his
word.
Bless
the
Lord,
all
you
his
hosts,
you
servants
who
do
his
will.
Bless
the
Lord,
all
you
his
works,
far
as
his
sway
extends.
O
my
soul,
bless
the
Lord.
Psalm 104 – The Hymn of Creation
Bless
the
Lord,
O
my
soul.
O
Lord
my
God,
you
are
very
great,
clad
in awful
splendor,
covered
with
robe
of
light.
You
stretch
out
the
heavens
like
the
cloth
of
a
tent.
He
lays
the
beams
of
his
chambers
on
water.
He
takes
dark
clouds
for
his
chariot,
and
rides
on
the
wings
of
the
wind.
He
takes
the
winds
for
his
messengers,
the
fire
and
the
flame
for
his
servants.
He
founded
the
earth
upon
pillars,
to
sustain
it unshaken
forever.
With
the
garment
of
ocean
he
covered
it,
waters towered
over
the
mountains.
But
at
your
rebuke
they
fled,
scared
by
the
roar
of
your
thunder,
mountains
rose,
valleys
sank
down
to
the
place
appointed
for
them.
They
dared
not
pass
the
bounds
set
for
them,
or
cover
the
earth
any
more.
He
sent
brooks
into
the
valleys,
they meander
between
the
mountains.
The
wild
beasts
all
drink
from
them,
and
the
wild
asses
quench
their
thirst.
The
birds
have
their
home
by
the
banks,
and
sing
in
the
branches.
From
his
chambers
above
he
gives
drink
to
the
mountains,
and
satisfies
earth
with
the vials
of
heaven.
He
makes
grass
grow
for
the
cattle,
and
herbs
for
people.
He
brings
bread
out
of
the
earth;
wine,
to
gladden
hearts;
oil,
to
make
faces
shine;
bread,
to
strengthen
hearts.
The
trees
of
the
Lord
drink
their
fill
the
cedars
he
planted
on
Lebanon,
where
the
little
birds
build
their
nest,
and
the
stork
whose
home
is
the
cypress.
The
high
hills
are
for
the
wild
goats,
and
the
rocks
are
for coneys
to
hide
in.
He
created
the
moon
to
mark
seasons,
and
told
the
sun
when
to
set.
You
make
it
dark:
night
comes,
when
all
the
wild
beasts
creep
out.
Young
lions
that
roar
for
their
prey,
seeking
their
meat
from
God.
At
sunrise
they slink
away,
and
lie
down
in
their
dens.
Then
people
go
forth
to
their
work,
and
toil
till
evening.
How
many,
O
Lord,
are
your
works,
all
of
them
made
in
wisdom!
The
earth
is
filled
with
your
creatures.
And
there
is
the
great
broad
sea,
where
are
countless
things
in motion,
living
creatures,
both
great
and
small.
There
go
the
ships,
and
the
Leviathan
you
made
to
play
there.
They
all
look
in
hope
to
you,
to
give
them
their
food
in
due
season.
And
you
give
with
open
hand;
they
gather
and
eat
to
their
heart’s
desire.
When
you
hide
your
face,
they
are
terrified;
when
you
take
their
breath
away,
they
die
and
go
back
to
their
dust.
But
a
breath
from
your
lips
creates
them,
and renews
the
face
of
the
earth.
May
the
glory
of
the
Lord
be
forever,
may
the
Lord
rejoice
in
his
works.
A glance
of
his
makes
the
earth
tremble,
a
touch
of
his
makes
the
hills
smoke.
I
will
sing
to
the
Lord
while
I
live,
I
will
play
to
my
God
while
I
am.
May
my
musing
be
sweet
to
him,
for
I
rejoice
in
the
Lord.
But
may
sinners
be
swept
from
the
earth,
and
the
wicked
vanish
forever.
O
my
soul,
bless
the
Lord.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 105 – The Inspiration of the Past
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord,
call
on
his
name:
make
known
his
deeds
among
the
nations.
Sing
to
him,
make
music
to
him,
tell
of
all
his
wondrous
works.
Make
your
boast
in
his
holy
name,
be
glad
at
heart,
you
who
seek
the
Lord.
Seek
after
the
Lord
and
his
strength,
seek
his
face
evermore.
Remember
the
wonders
he
did,
his
portents,
the
judgments
he
uttered,
you
who
are
offspring
of
Abraham,
his
servant,
the
children
of
Jacob,
his
chosen
ones.
He
is
the
Lord
our
God:
in
all
the
earth
are
his
judgments.
He
remembers
forever
his
covenant,
his
promise
for
a
thousand
generations
The
covenant
he
made
with
Abraham,
the
oath
he
swore
to
Isaac,
and
confirmed
as
a
statute
to
Jacob,
a
pact
everlasting
to
Israel
to
give
them
the
land
of
Canaan
as
the
lot
which
they
should
inherit.
And
when
they
were
very
few,
few
and
but pilgrims
therein,
wandering
from
nation
to
nation,
journeying
from
people
to
people,
he
allowed
no
one
to
oppress
them,
even
punishing
kings
for
their
sakes.
He forbade
them
to
touch
his
anointed,
or
do
any
hurt
to
his
prophets.
When
he
called
down
famine
on
the
land,
and
cut
off
the
bread
which
sustained
them,
he
sent
before
them
a
man,
Joseph,
who
was
sold
as
a
slave.
His
feet
were galled
with
fetters,
he
was
laid
in
chains
of
iron,
till
the
time
that
his
word
came
to
pass,
the
word
of
the
Lord
that
had
tried
him.
The
king
sent
and
freed
him,
the
ruler
of
nations
released
him.
He
made
him
lord
of
his
household,
and
ruler
of
all
his
possessions,
to
admonish
his
princes
at
will
and
instruct
his
elders
in
wisdom.
Thus
Israel
came
into
Egypt,
Jacob
sojourned
in
the
land
of
Ham.
His
people
he
made
very
fruitful,
and
mightier
than
their
foes.
He
inspired
them
to
hate
his
people,
and
to
deal
with
his
servants
craftily.
He
sent
his
servant
Moses,
and
Aaron
whom
he
had
chosen,
portents
he
wrought
in
Egypt,
and
signs
in
the
land
of
Ham.
Darkness
he
sent,
and
it
fell:
yet
they
gave
no
heed
to
his
word.
He
turned
their
waters
into
blood,
thus
causing
their
fish
to
die.
Their
land
was
alive
with
frogs,
swarming
even
in
the
royal
chambers.
At
his
command
came
flies,
and
lice
in
all
their
borders.
He
gave
them
hail
for
rain
and
fire
that
flashed
through
the
land,
smiting
their
vines
and
figs,
breaking
the
trees
of
their
border.
At
his
command
came
locusts,
young
locusts
beyond
all
counting,
which
ate
every
herb
in
the
land,
ate
up,
too,
the
fruit
of
their
ground.
He
struck
down
in
their
land
all
the
firstborn,
the
firstlings
of
all
their
strength
Then
forth
he
led
Israel
with
silver
and
gold,
and
among
his
tribes
no
one
was
weary.
Egypt
was
glad
when
they
left,
for
terror
had
fallen
upon
them.
He
spread
out
a
cloud
to
screen
them,
and
fire
to
give
light
in
the
night.
He
sent
quails
at
their
entreaty,
and
heavenly
bread
in
abundance.
He
opened
the
rock;
waters
gushed:
in
the
desert
they
ran
like
a
river.
For
he
remembered
his
holy
promise
to
Abraham
his
servant.
So
he
led
out
his
people
with
joy,
his
elect
with
a ringing
cry.
And
he
gave
them
the
lands
of
the
nations,
the
fruit
of
their
toil
for
possession,
that
so
they
might
keep
his
statutes,
and
be
of
his
laws observant.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 106 – The Nation’s Sin against the Lord
Hallelujah!
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
goodness,
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
can
describe
his heroic
deeds,
or
publish
all
his
praise?
Happy
they
who
act
justly,
and
do
righteousness
evermore.
Remember
me,
Lord,
as
you
remember
your
people,
and
visit
me
with
your
gracious
help.
May
I
see
the
good
fortune
of
your
elect,
may
I
share
in
the
joy
of
your
nation,
and
in
the
pride
of
your
heritage.
We,
like
our
fathers,
have
sinned,
we
have
done
perversely
and
wickedly
In
the
land
of
Egypt
our
fathers,
all heedless
of
your
wonders,
and
unmindful
of
your
great
kindness,
at
the
Red
Sea
defied
the
Most
High.
But
true
to
his
name
he
saved
them,
in
order
to
show
his
might.
He
rebuked
the
Red
Sea,
and
it
dried;
they
marched
through
the
depths
as
through
desert,
saved
from
the
hand
of
the
hostile,
redeemed
from
the
hand
of
the
foe.
The
waters
covered
their
enemies:
not
one
of
them
was
left.
So
then
they
believed
in
his
words,
and
began
to
sing
his
praise.
But
soon
they
forgot
his
deeds:
they
did
not
wait
for
his
counsel.
Their
greed
was
ravenous
in
the
desert;
they
put
God
to
the
test
in
the
wilderness.
He
gave
them
the
thing
they
had
asked
for,
but
sent
wasting
disease
among
them.
The
camp
grew
jealous
of
Moses
and
of
Aaron,
holy
one
of
the
Lord.
The
earth
opened
and
swallowed
up
Dathan,
and
covered Abiram’s
company.
Fire
broke
out
on
their
company,
flame
kindled
upon
the
wicked.
They
made
a
calf
in
Horeb,
and
bowed
to
the
molten
image.
They
exchanged
their
glorious
God
for
the
image
of
ox
that
eats
grass.
They
forgot
the
God
who
had
saved
them
by
mighty
deeds
in
Egypt
Wonders
in
the
land
of
Ham,
terrors
by
the
Red
Sea.
So
he
vowed,
and
would
have
destroyed
them,
but
for
Moses
his
elect,
who
stepped
into
the
breach
before
him,
to divert
his
deadly
wrath.
They
spurned
the
delightsome
land,
they
refused
to
believe
in
his
word.
They
grumbled
in
their
tents,
would
not
listen
to
the
voice
of
the
Lord.
So
he
swore
with
uplifted
hand
to
lay
them
low
in
the
wilderness;
to
disperse
their
seed
among
heathen,
to
scatter
them
over
the
world.
Then
they
joined
them
to
Baal
of
Peor,
and
ate
what
was
offered
the
dead.
They
provoked
him
to
wrath
by
their
deeds,
and
plague
broke
out
among
them.
Then
Phinehas
stood
between,
and
so
the
plague
was
stayed;
and
it
was
counted
to
him
for
righteousness
unto
all
generations
forever.
They
angered
him
at
the
waters
of
Meribah,
through
them
it
went
ill
with
Moses.
They
rebelled
against
his
spirit,
and
he
uttered
speech
that
was
rash.
They
did
not
destroy
the
nations,
as
the
Lord
had
commanded
them;
but
they
mingled
with
the
heathen,
and
learned
to
do
as
they
did.
Their
idol
gods
they
worshipped,
and
they
were
ensnared
by
them.
They
sacrificed
their
sons
and
their
daughters
to
the
demons.
They
poured
out
innocent
blood
the
blood
of
their
sons
and
daughters
whom
they
offered
to
Canaan’s
idols,
and
the
land
was
polluted
with
blood.
They
became
unclean
by
their
works,
and
adulterous
in
their
deeds.
Then
the
Lord’s
fury
was
on
his
people,
filled
with
horror
at
his
inheritance.
He
delivered
them
to
the
heathen,
to
the
sway
of
those
who
hated
them.
Their
enemies
oppressed
them,
and
subdued
them
under
their
hand.
Many
a
time
he
saved
them,
but
they
rebelled
at
his
counsel,
and
were
brought
low
by
their
wrongdoing.
Yet
he
looked
upon
their
distress,
when
he
heard
their
cry.
He
remembered
his
covenant,
and,
in
his
great
kindness,
relented.
He
caused
them
to
be
pitied
by
all
who
carried
them
captive.
Save
us,
O
Lord
our
God,
and
gather
us
out
of
the
nations,
to
give
thanks
to
your
holy
name,
and
to
make
our
boast
of
your
praise.
Blessed be the
Lord, the God of Israel,
from everlasting to everlasting.
And let all the people say “Amen.”
Praise the
Lord.
Book Five
Psalm 107 – The Song of the Redeemed
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
goodness
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Let
this
be
the
song
of
the
ransomed,
whom
the
Lord
has
redeemed
from
distress,
gathering
them
from
all
lands,
east,
west,
north,
and
south.
In
the
wastes
of
the
desert
some
wandered,
finding
no
way
to
a
city
inhabited.
Full
of
hunger
and
thirst,
their
spirit
failed.
Then
they
cried
to
the
Lord
in
their
trouble,
and
he
saved
them
from
their
distresses,
guiding
them
straight
on
the
way,
till
they
reached
an
inhabited
city.
Let
them
thank
the
Lord
for
his
kindness,
for
his
wonderful
deeds
for
people;
for
the
thirsty
he
satisfies,
and
the
hungry
he
fills
with
good
things.
Some
sat
in
darkness
and
gloom
prisoners
in
irons
and
misery,
for
rebelling
against
God’s
word,
and spurning
the
Most High’s
counsel.
Their
heart
was
bowed
with
toil;
there
was
no
one
to
help
when
they
stumbled.
Then
they
cried
to
the
Lord
in
their
trouble,
and
he
saved
them
from
their
distresses.
Out
of
darkness
and
gloom
he
brought
them,
and
burst
their
chains.
Let
them
praise
the
Lord
for
his
kindness,
for
his
wonderful
deeds
for
people.
For
he
shattered
the
gates
of
bronze,
and
broke
bars
of
iron.
Some
were
sick
from
their
wicked
ways,
and
suffering
because
of
their
sins.
All
manner
of
food
they
hated;
they
had
come
to
the
gates
of
death.
Then
they
cried
to
the
Lord
in
their
trouble,
and
he
saved
them
from
their
distresses.
He
sent
his
word
and
healed
them,
and
delivered
their
life
from
the
pit.
Let
them
praise
the
Lord
for
his
kindness,
for
his
wonderful
deeds
for
people.
Let
them
offer
to
him thankofferings,
and
with
joy
tell
what
things
he
has
done.
Some
crossed
the
sea
in
ships,
doing
business
in
great
waters.
They
have
seen
what
the
Lord
can
do,
and
his
wonderful
deeds
on
the
deep.
At
his
command
rose
a
tempest,
which
lifted
the
waves
on
high.
Up
to
heaven
they
went,
down
to
the
depths;
their
courage
failed
them.
They
staggered
and
reeled
like
drunkards;
all
their skills
useless.
Then
they
cried
to
the
Lord
in
their
trouble,
and
he
saved
them
from
their
distresses.
He
stilled
the
storm
to
a
whisper,
and
the
waves
of
the
sea
were
hushed.
They
were
glad,
because
it
was
quiet;
they
were
led
to
the
haven
they
longed
for.
Let
them
praise
the
Lord,
for
his
kindness,
for
his
wonderful
deeds
for
people.
Where
the
people
assemble,
extol
him,
and
praise
him
in
council
of
elders.
He
turns
streams
into
a
wilderness,
springs
of
water
into
thirsty
land,
fruitful
land
into
a
salt
waste,
because
of
the
sin
of
the
people.
A
desert
he
makes
pools
of
water,
a
land
of
drought
into
springs
of
water.
He
settles
the
hungry
therein,
they
establish
a
city
to
live
in.
They
sow
fields
and
plant
vineyards,
which
furnish
a
fruitful
yield.
By
his
blessing
they
multiply
greatly,
and
he
lets
not
their
cattle
decrease.
Yet
when
they
are
bowed
and
diminished
by
oppression,
misfortune,
or
sorrow,
he
pours
contempt
upon
princes,
and
on trackless
wastes
leads
them
astray
He
lifts
the
poor
out
of
misery,
and
makes
families
fruitful
as
flocks.
At
this
sight
shall
the
upright
be
glad,
and
all
wicked
mouths
shall
be
stopped.
Let
those
who
are
wise
observe
this,
and
consider
the
love
of
the
Lord
Psalm 108 – A Prayer for Victory
A song. A psalm of David.
My
heart
is
steadfast,
O
God,
my
heart
is
steadfast.
I
would
sing,
I
would
make
music;
awake,
my
soul.
Awake,
harp
and
lyre;
I
would
wake
the
dawn.
I
would
praise
you
among
the
peoples,
O
Lord;
make
music
among
the
nations
to
you.
For
great
to
heaven
is
your
love,
and
your
faithfulness
to
the
clouds.
Be
exalted,
O
God, o’er
the
heavens,
and
your
glory o’er
all
the
earth.
So
those
you
love
may
be
rescued,
save
by
your
right
hand
and
answer
us.
God
did
solemnly
swear:
“As victor
will
I
divide
Shechem,
portion
out
the
valley
of
Succoth.
Mine
is
Gilead,
mine
is
Manasseh,
Ephraim
is
my
helmet,
Judah
my
sceptre
of
rule,
Moab
the
pot
that
I
wash
in,
on
Edom
I
hurl
my
sandal,
I
shout o’er
Philistia
in
triumph.”
O
to
be
brought
to
the
fortified
city!
O
to
be
led
into
Edom!
Have
you
not
spurned
us,
O
God?
You
do
not
march
forth
with
our
armies.
Grant
us
help
from
the
foe,
for
human
help
is
worthless.
With
God
we
shall
yet
do bravely,
he
himself
will
tread
down
our
foes.
Psalm 109 – A Prayer for the Lord’s Help
For the leader. Of David, a psalm.
O
God
whom
I
praise,
keep
not
silence;
for
their
wicked
mouths
they
have
opened
against
me,
they
speak
to
me
with
tongues
that
are
false,
they
beset
me
with
words
of
hatred,
and
fight
without
cause
against
me.
My
love
they
requite
with
hostility,
while
for
them
I
lift
up
my
prayer.
Evil
for
good
they
reward
me,
and
hatred
for
my
love.
“Set
over
him
one
who
is
godless,”
they
say,
“an
opponent
at
his
right
hand.
From
his
trial
let
him
come
forth
guilty,
may
his
prayer
be
counted
as
sin.
Grant
that
his
days
may
be
few,
that
his
office
be
seized
by
another.
Grant
that
his
children
be
fatherless,
and
that
his
wife
be
a
widow.
Up
and
down
may
his
children
go
begging,
expelled
from
their
desolate
home.
May
all
that
he
owns
be
seized
by
the
creditor
may
strangers
plunder
the
fruits
of
his
toil.
“May
none
extend
to
him
kindness,
or
pity
his
fatherless
children.
His
descendants
be
doomed
to
destruction!
Blotted
out
be
his
name
in
one
generation!
May
his
father’s
guilt
be
remembered,
and
his
mother’s
sin
not
blotted
out:
on
record
always
before
the
Lord,
and
his
memory
root
from
the
earth;
for
he
gave
no
thought
to
show
kindness,
but
pursued
the
poor
and
the
needy,
drove
the downhearted
to
death.
“May
the
curses
he
loved
light
upon
him,
may
the
blessings
he
loathed
be
afar.
Like
a
garment
he
clothed
him
with
curses;
may
they
pierce
to
his
inwards
like
water,
and
cling
to
his
bones
like
oil.
Let
them
be
like
the
robe
he
wraps
round
him,
like
the
belt
he
wears
every
day.”
Be
this
the
reward
of
my
adversaries,
of
those
who
speak
evil
against
me.
But
you,
Lord
my
God,
be
true
to
your
name,
deal
kindly
with
me;
in
your
gracious
kindness
save
me.
For
I
am
poor
and
needy,
and
my
heart
is
wounded
within
me.
I
am
gone
like
a
lengthening
shadow,
I
am
shaken
off
like
a
locust.
My
knees
totter
from
fasting,
my
flesh
is shrivelled
and
spare.
They
heap
insults
upon
me:
when
they
see
me,
they
shake
their
head.
Help
me,
O
Lord
my
God,
and
save
me
in
your
kindness.
Teach
them
that
this
is
your
hand,
and
your
own
doing,
O
Lord.
Let
them
curse,
if
only
you
bless.
Put
my
assailants
to
shame,
and
make
your
servant
glad.
My
opponents
be
clothed
with
dishonor,
and
wrapped
in
a
robe
of
shame.
I
give
thanks
to
you,
Lord,
with
loud
voice,
I
give
praise
in
the
midst
of
the
throng;
for
he
stands
by
the
poor,
at
his
right
hand,
to
save
them
from
those
who
condemn
them.
Psalm 110 – A Promise of Victory to the King
Of David, a psalm.
This
said
the
Lord
concerning
my
lord,
“Sit
at
my
right
hand,
till
I
set
your
foot
on
the
neck
of
your
foes.”
On
Zion
the
Lord
is
wielding
your
sceptre
of
might,
and
charges
you
to
rule
over
the
foes
that
surround
you.
The
day
that
you
march
to
battle
your
people
will
follow
you
gladly
young
warriors
in
holy
array,
like dew-drops,
born
of
the
morning.
The
Lord
has
sworn
and
will
not
repent,
“As
for
you,
you
are
priest
for
ever
as
Melchizedek
was.”
By
your
side
will
the
Lord
shatter
kings
on
the
day
of
his
wrath.
He
will
execute
judgment
filling
the
valleys
with
dead,
the
broad
fields
with
shattered
heads.
He
will
drink
of
the
brook
by
the
way,
and
march
onward
with
uplifted
head.
Psalm 111 – In Praise of the Divine Goodness
Hallelujah.
I
will
thank
the
Lord
with
all
my
heart,
in
the
assembled
congregation
of
his
people.
Great
are
the
things
that
the
Lord
has
done,
worthy
of
study
by
those
who
love
them.
Majestic
and
glorious
is
his
work,
and
his
righteousness
abides
forever.
For
his
marvelous
deeds
he
has
won
renown;
the
Lord
is
gracious
and
full
of
compassion.
Food
he
gives
to
those
who
fear
him,
always
he
remembers
his
covenant.
His
mighty
works
he
has
shown
to
his
people,
in
giving
to
them
the
nations
for
heritage.
All
that
he
does
is
faithful
and
right,
all
his behests
are
firm
and
sure.
They
are
established
for
ever
and
ever,
executed
with
truth
and
uprightness.
To
his
people
he
sent
redemption,
he
has
appointed
his
covenant
forever.
His
name
is
holy
and
awe-inspiring.
The
fear
of
the
Lord
is
the
beginning
of
wisdom
those
who
keep
it
are
wise
indeed.
His
praise
abides
for
ever
and
ever.
Psalm 112 – The Blessings of Godliness
Hallelujah.
Happy
are
those
who
fear
the
Lord,
and
greatly
delight
in
his
commandments.
Mighty
on
earth
shall
be
their
seed;
a
blessing
shall
rest
on
the
race
of
the
upright.
Wealth
and
riches
are
in
their
houses,
their
prosperity
stands
forever.
To
the
upright
arises
light
in
the
darkness;
full
of
favor
and
pity
and
kindness
are
they.
It
is
well
with
those
who
show
pity
and
lend,
who
support
all
their
affairs
upon
justice.
For
they
will
never
be
shaken;
the
just
will
be
forever
remembered.
They
will
not
be
afraid
of
evil
tidings,
with
steady
heart
they
trust
the
Lord.
Their
heart
is
firm
and unafraid:
they
know
they
will
feast
their
eyes
on
their
enemies.
With
lavish
hands
they
give
to
the
poor,
and
their
prosperity
stands
forever.
They
are
lifted
to
heights
of
triumph
and
honor.
The
sight
of
them
fills
the
wicked
with
anger:
grinding
their
teeth
with
despair.
The
hopes
of
the
wicked
will
come
to
nothing.
Psalm 113 – The Lord loves the Humble
Hallelujah.
Praise
the
Lord,
you
his
servants,
praise
the
name
of
the
Lord.
The
name
of
the
Lord
be
blessed
from
now
and
for
evermore.
From
sunrise
to
sunset
is
the
name
of
the
Lord
to
be
praised.
High
is
the
Lord
above
all
nations,
above
the
heavens
is
his
glory.
Who
is
like
the
Lord
our
God,
seated
on
high?
He
bends
down
to
look
at
the
heavens
and
earth.
He
raises
the
weak
from
the
dust,
he
lifts
the
poor
from
the
dunghill,
and
sets
them
beside
the
princes,
even
the
princes
of
his
people.
He
gives
the
childless
woman
a
home,
and
makes
her
the
happy
mother
of
children.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 114 – The Marvel of the Exodus
When
Israel
went
out
of
Egypt,
Jacob’s
house
from
a barbarous
people,
God
chose
Judah
for
himself,
Israel
became
his
kingdom.
The
sea
saw
it,
and
fled,
Jordan
river
ran backwards.
Mountains
skipped
like
rams,
hills
like
the
young
of
the
flock.
Why,
sea,
do
you
flee?
Jordan,
why
run backwards?
Mountains,
why
skip ram-like?
Why,
hills,
like
the
young
of
the
flock?
Earth,
tremble
before
the
Lord,
at
the
presence
of
Jacob’s
God,
who
turns
rocks
into
pools
of
water,
and
flint
into
fountains
of
water.
Psalm 115 – Israel’s Incomparable God
Not
to
us,
Lord,
not
to
us,
but
to
your
name
give
glory,
for
your kindness’
and faithfulness’
sake.
Why
should
the
heathen
say,
“Where
is
now
their
God?”
Our
God
he
is
in
heaven;
whatever
he
wishes,
he
does.
Their
idols
are
silver
and
gold,
made
by
human
hands.
They
have
mouths,
but
cannot
speak;
they
have
eyes,
but
cannot
see.
They
have
ears,
but
cannot
hear;
they
have
noses,
but
cannot
smell.
They
have
hands,
but
cannot
feel;
they
have
feet,
but
cannot
walk:
no
sound
comes
from
their throats.
Their
makers
become
like
them,
so
do
all
who
trust
in
them.
O
Israel,
trust
in
the
Lord:
he
is
their
help
and
their
shield.
House
of
Aaron,
trust
in
the
Lord:
he
is
their
help
and
their
shield.
You
who
fear
the
Lord,
trust
in
the
Lord
he
is
their
help
and
their
shield.
The
Lord,
mindful
of
us,
will
bless
us:
he
will
bless
the
house
of
Israel,
he
will
bless
the
house
of
Aaron.
He
will
bless
those
who
fear
the
Lord,
the
small
and
the
great
together.
May
the
Lord
add
to
your
numbers
to
you
and
to
your
children.
Blessed
be
you
of
the
Lord,
creator
of
heaven
and
earth.
The
heavens
are
the
heavens
of
the
Lord,
but
the
earth
has
he
given
to
people.
The
dead
cannot
praise
the
Lord,
nor
those
who
go
down
into
silence.
But
we
will
bless
the
Lord
from
now
and
for
evermore.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 116 – Song of Thanksgiving for Deliverance
I
love
the
Lord,
for
he
hears
my
voice,
my pleas
for
mercy.
For
he
has
inclined
his
ear
to
me:
I
will
call
upon
him
as
long
as
I
live.
About
me
were
snares
of
death,
the
anguish
of
Sheol
was
upon
me:
distress
and
sorrow
were
mine.
Then
I
called
on
the
name
of
the
Lord:
“I
beseech
you,
O
Lord,
deliver
me.”
Gracious
and
just
is
the
Lord,
compassionate
is
our
God.
The
Lord
preserves
the
simple;
when
I
was drooping,
he
saved
me.
Be
at
peace,
my
heart,
once
more,
for
the
Lord
has
been
good
to
you.
You
have
rescued
me
from
death,
my
eyes
from
tears,
my
feet
from
stumbling.
Before
the
Lord
I
will
walk
in
the
land
of
the
living.
I
held
fast
my
faith,
though
I
said,
“Ah
me!
I
am
sore
afflicted,”
though
in
my
alarm
I
said,
“Everyone
is
a
liar.”
What
shall
I
render
the
Lord
for
all
his
bounty
to
me?
I
will
lift
up
the
cup
of
salvation,
and
call
on
the
name
of
the
Lord.
I
will
pay
my
vows
to
the
Lord
in
the
presence
of
all
his
people.
Grave
in
the
eyes
of
the
Lord
is
the
death
of
his
loyal
and
loved
ones.
Ah,
Lord!
I
am
your
servant,
your
servant,
child
of
your
handmaid.
You
have loosened
my
bonds.
I
will
offer
to
you
a thank-offering,
and
call
on
the
name
of
the
Lord.
I
will
pay
my
vows
to
the
Lord
in
the
presence
of
all
his
people,
in
the
courts
of
the
house
of
the
Lord,
in
the
midst
of
you,
O
Jerusalem.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 117 – A Call to Praise
Praise
the
Lord,
all
you
nations:
laud
him,
all
you
peoples.
For
his
mighty
love
is
over
us:
the
Lord
is
faithful
forever.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 118 – Thanksgiving for Victory
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
goodness,
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Let
the
house
of
Israel
now
say:
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Let
the
house
of
Aaron
now
say:
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Let
those
who
fear
the
Lord
now
say:
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Out
of
straits
I
called
on
the
Lord,
the
Lord
answered
and
gave
me
room.
The
Lord
is
mine;
I
am fearless.
What
can
mere
people
do
to
me?
The
Lord
is
mine,
as
my
help:
I
shall
feast
my
eyes
on
my
foes.
It
is
better
to
hide
in
the
Lord
than
to
trust
in
mortals.
It
is
better
to
hide
in
the
Lord
than
to
put
any
trust
in
princes.
Everywhere
heathen
swarmed
round
me;
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
I
cut
them
down.
They
swarmed,
swarmed
around
me;
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
I
cut
them
down,
they
swarmed
around
me
like
bees,
they
blazed
like
a
fire
of
thorns:
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
I
cut
them
down.
Sore
they
pushed
me,
to
make
me
fall;
but
the
Lord
gave
me
his
help.
The
Lord
is
my
strength
and
my
song,
and
he
is
become
my
salvation.
Hark!
In
the
tents
of
the
righteous
glad
cries
of
victory
are ringing.
The
hand
of
the
Lord
has
wrought bravely,
the
hand
of
the
Lord
is
exalted,
the
hand
of
the
Lord
has
wrought bravely.
I
shall
not
die:
nay,
I
shall
live,
to
declare
the
works
of
the
Lord.
Though
the
Lord
has
chastened
me
sore,
he
has
not
given
me
over
to
death.
(The Procession arrives at the Temple)
“Open
to
me
the
gates
of
victory.
I
would
enter
therein
and
give
thanks
to
the
Lord.”
(The Welcome)
“This
is
the
gate
of
the
Lord:
the
righteous
may
enter
therein;”
I
thank
you
because
you
have
heard
me,
and
are
become
my
salvation.
The
stone
which
the
builders
despised
is
become
the head-stone
of
the
corner.
This
has
been
wrought
by
the
Lord;
it
is
marvelous
in
our
eyes.
This
day
is
the
Lord’s
own
creation:
in
it
let
us
joy
and
be
glad.
O
Lord,
save
us,
we
pray,
O
Lord,
prosper,
we
pray.
Blessed
the
one
who
enters
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.
From
the
house
of
the
Lord
we
bless
you.
The
Lord
is
God,
he
has
given
us
light.
Wreathe
the
dance
with
boughs,
till
they
touch
the
horns
of
the
altar.
You
are
my
God,
I
will
thank
you;
O
my
God,
I
will
exalt
you.
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
goodness:
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Psalm 119 – The Power and Comfort of the Word of God
Happy
they
whose
life
is
blameless,
who
walk
by
the
law
of
the
Lord.
Happy
they
who
keep
his
charges,
and
seek
him
with
all
their
hearts;
who
have
done
no
wrong,
but
walk
in
his
ways.
You
yourself
have
appointed
your
precepts
to
be
kept
with
diligence.
O
to
be
steadily
guided
in
the
keeping
of
your
statutes!
Then unashamed
shall
I
be,
when
I
look towards
all
your
commandments.
I
will
thank
you
with
heart unfeigned,
when
I
learn
your
righteous
judgments.
I
will
observe
your
statutes:
O
forsake
me
not
utterly.
How
can
a
young
person
keep
their
life
pure?
By
giving
heed
to
your
word.
With
all
my
heart
have
I
sought
you,
let
me
not
stray
from
your
commandments.
In
my
heart
have
I
treasured
your
word,
to
keep
from
sinning
against
you.
Blessed
are
you,
O
Lord;
teach
me
your
statutes.
With
my
lips
have
I
rehearsed
all
the
judgments
of
your
mouth.
I
delight
in
the
way
of
your
charges,
more
than
in
riches
of
all
sorts.
I
will
muse
upon
your
precepts,
and
look
to
your
paths.
In
your
statutes
I
delight,
I
will
not
forget
your
word.
Grant
that
your
servant
may
live,
and
I
will
observe
your
word.
Open
my
eyes,
that
I
see
wondrous
things
out
of
your
law.
But
a
guest
am
I
on
the
earth:
hide
not
your
commandments
from
me.
My
heart
is
crushed
with
longing
for
your
ordinances,
at
all
times.
You
rebuke
the
proud,
the
accursed,
who
wander
from
your
commandments.
Roll
away
from
me
scorn
and
contempt,
for
I
have
observed
your
charges.
Though
princes
sit
plotting
against
me,
your
servant
will
muse
on
your
statutes.
Your
charges
are
my
delight,
they
are
my
counsellors.
I
lie grovelling
in
the
dust;
revive
me,
as
you
have
promised.
I
told
of
my
ways,
you
made
answer;
teach
me
your
statutes.
Grant
me
insight
into
your
precepts,
and
I
will
muse
on
your
wonders.
I
am
overcome
with
sorrow;
raise
me
up,
as
you
have
promised.
Put
the
way
of
falsehood
from
me,
and
graciously
grant
me
your
law.
I
have
chosen
the
way
of
fidelity,
your
ordinances
I
long
for.
I
hold
fast
to
your
charges:
O
put
me
not,
Lord,
to
shame.
I
will
run
in
the
way
of
your
commandments,
for
you
give
me
room
of
heart.
Teach
me,
O
Lord,
the
way
of
your
statutes,
and
I
will
keep
it
to
the
end,
instruct
me
to
keep
your
law,
and
I
will
observe
it
with
all
my
heart.
Guide
me
in
the
path
of
your
commandments,
for
therein
do
I
delight.
Incline
my
heart
to
your
charges,
and
not
to
greed
of
gain.
Turn
away
my
eyes
from
vain sights,
revive
me
by
your
word.
Confirm
to
your
servant
the
promise
which
is
given
to
those
who
fear
you.
Remove
the
reproach
which
I
dread,
because
your
judgments
are
good.
Behold,
I
long
for
your
precepts.
Quicken
me
in
your
righteousness.
Visit
me,
Lord,
with
your
love
and
salvation,
as
you
have
promised.
So
shall
I
answer
my slanderers,
for
my
trust
is
in
your
word.
Snatch
not
from
my
mouth
the
word
of
truth,
for
in
your
judgments
I
hope.
I
will
keep
your
law
continually,
for
ever
and
evermore.
So
shall
I
walk
in
wide
spaces,
for
I
give
my
mind
to
your
precepts.
I
will
speak
of
your
charge
before
kings,
and
will
not
be
ashamed
thereof.
Your
commandments
are
my
delight,
I
love
them
exceedingly.
I
will
lift
up
my
hands
to
your
commandments,
and
muse
upon
your
statutes.
Remember
your
word
to
your
servant,
on
which
you
have
made
me
to
hope.
This
is
my
comfort
in
trouble,
that
your
word
gives
life
to
me.
The
arrogant
utterly
scorn
me,
but
I
have
not
declined
from
your
law.
When
I
think
of
your
judgments
of
old,
O
Lord,
I
take
to
me
comfort.
I
am
seized
with
glowing
anger
at
the
wicked
who
forsake
your
law.
Your
statutes
have
been
to
me
songs
in
the
house
of
my
pilgrimage.
I
remember
your
name
in
the
night,
O
Lord
and
observe
your
law.
My
lot
has
been
this,
that
I
have
kept
your
precepts.
My
portion
are
you,
O
Lord:
I
have
promised
to
keep
your
words.
I
entreat
you
with
all
my
heart;
grant
me
your
promised
favor.
I
have
thought
upon
my
ways,
and
turned
my
feet
to
your
charges.
I
hasted
and
tarried
not
to
give
heed
to
your
commandments.
Though
the
godless
have
wound
their
cords
round
me,
I
have
not
forgotten
your
law.
At
midnight
I
rise
to
praise
you
because
of
your
righteous
judgments.
With
all
those
who
fear
you
I
company,
aid
with
those
who
observe
your
precepts.
The
earth,
Lord,
is
full
of
your
kindness;
teach
me
your
Statutes.
Well
have
you
dealt
with
your
servant,
as
you
have
promised,
O
Lord.
Teach
me
discretion
and
knowledge,
for
I
have
believed
your
commandments.
Till
trouble
came
I
was
a
wanderer,
but
now
I
observe
your
word.
You
are
good
and
do
good;
teach
me
your
statutes.
The
proud
have
forged
lies
against
me,
but
I
keep
your
precepts
with
all
my
heart.
Their
heart
is gross
like
fat,
but
I
delight
in
your
law.
It
was
good
for
me
to
be
humbled,
that
I
should
learn
your
statutes.
The
law
of
your
mouth
is
better
to
me
than
thousands
of
pieces
of
silver
and
gold.
Your
hands
have
made
me
and
fashioned
me;
make
me
wise
to
learn
your
commandments.
Those
who
fear
you
shall
see
me
with
joy,
for
in
your
word
have
I
hoped.
I
know,
O
Lord,
that
your
judgments
are
right,
and
in
faithfulness
you
have
afflicted
me.
Let
your
love
be
a
comfort
to
me,
for
so
have
you
promised
your
servant.
Visit
me
with
your quickening
pity,
for
your
law
is
my
delight.
Put
the
proud
to
shame,
who
have
wronged
me
falsely:
I
will
muse
on
your
precepts.
Let
those
turn
to
me
who
fear
you,
that
they
may
learn
your
charges.
Let
my
heart
be
sound
in
your
statutes,
that
I
may
not
be
put
to
shame.
My
long
for
you
to
rescue
me,
I
put
my
hope
in
your
word.
My
eyes
pine
away
for
your
promise:
saying, “When
will
you
comfort
me?”
Though shrivelled
like wine-skin
in
smoke,
your
statutes
I
have
not
forgotten.
How
few
are
the
days
of
your
servant!
When
will
you
judge
those
who
harass
me?
Proud
people
have
dug
for
me
pits
people
who
do
not conform
to
your
law.
All
your
commandments
are
trusty.
With
falsehood
they
harass
me:
help
me.
They
had
nearly
made
an
end
of
me,
yet
I
did
not
forget
your
precepts.
Spare
me
in
your
kindness,
and
I
will
observe
the
charge
of
your
mouth.
Forever,
O
Lord,
is
your
word
fixed
firmly
in
the
heavens.
Your
truth
endures
age
after
age;
it
is
established
on
earth,
and
it
stands.
By
your
appointment
they
stand
this
day,
for
all
are
your
servants.
Had
not
your
law
been
my
joy,
in
my
misery
then
had
I
perished.
I
will
never
forget
your
precepts,
for
through
them
you
have
put
life
in
me.
I
am
yours,
O
save
me,
for
I
give
my
mind
to
your
precepts.
The
wicked
lay
wait
to
destroy
me,
but
I
give
heed
to
your
charge.
I
have
seen
a
limit
to
all
things:
but
your
commandment
is
spacious
exceedingly.
O
how
I
love
your
law!
All
the
day
long
I
muse
on
it.
Your
commandment
makes
me
wiser
than
my
enemies:
for
it
is
mine
forever.
I
am
prudent
above
all
my
teachers,
for
your
charges
are
my
meditation.
I
have
insight
more
than
the
aged,
because
I
observe
your
precepts.
I
refrain
my
foot
from
all
wicked
ways,
that
I
may
keep
your
word.
I
turn
not
aside
from
your
judgments,
for
you
yourself
are
my
teacher.
How
sweet
are
your
words
to
my
taste,
sweeter
than
honey
to
my
mouth!
Insight
I
win
through
your
precepts,
therefore
every
false
way
I
hate.
Your
word
is
a
lamp
to
my
feet,
and
a
light
to
my
path.
I
have
sworn
an
oath,
and
will
keep
it,
to
observe
your
righteous
judgments.
I
am
afflicted
sorely:
revive
me,
O
Lord,
as
you
said.
Accept,
Lord,
my
willing
praise,
and
teach
me
your
judgments.
My
life
is
in ceaseless peril;
but
I
do
not
forget
your
law.
The
wicked
set
traps
for
me,
yet
I
do
not
stray
from
your
precepts.
In
your
charges
are
my
everlasting
inheritance,
they
are
the
joy
of
my
heart.
I
am
resolved
to
perform
your
statutes
forever,
to
the
utmost.
I
hate
people
of
divided
heart,
but
your
law
do
I
love.
You
are
my
shelter
and
shield:
in
your
word
do
I
hope.
Begone,
you
wicked
people,
I
will
keep
the
commands
of
my
God.
Uphold
me
and
spare
me,
as
you
have
promised:
O
disappoint
me
not.
Hold
me
up,
and
I
shall
be
saved:
and
your
statutes
shall
be
my
unceasing
delight.
All
who
swerve
from
your
statutes
you
spurn:
their
cunning
is
in
vain.
All
the
wicked
of
earth
you
count
as
dross,
therefore
I
love
your
charges.
My
flesh,
for
fear
of
you, shudders,
and
I
stand
in
awe
of
your
judgments.
Justice
and
right
have
I
practised,
do
not
leave
me
to
my
oppressors.
Be
your
servant’s
surety
for
good,
let
not
the
proud
oppress
me.
My
eyes
pine
for
your
salvation,
and
for
your
righteous
promise.
Deal
in
your
love
with
your
servant,
and
teach
me
your
statutes.
Your
servant
am
I;
instruct
me,
that
I
may
know
your
charges.
It
is
time
for
the
Lord
to
act:
they
have
violated
your
law.
Therefore
I
love
your
commandments
above
gold,
above
fine
gold.
So
by
all
your
precepts
I
guide
me,
and
every
false
way
I
hate.
Your
decrees
are
wonderful,
gladly
I
keep
them.
When
your
word
is unfolded,
light
breaks;
it
imparts
to
the
simple
wisdom.
With
open
mouth
I
pant
with
longing
for
your
commandments.
Turn
to
me
with
your
favor,
as
is
just
to
those
who
love
you.
Steady
my
steps
by
your
word,
so
that
sin
have
no
power
over
me.
Set
me
free
from
those
who
oppress
me,
and
I
shall
observe
your
precepts.
Shine
with
your
face
on
your
servant,
and
teach
me
your
statutes.
My
eyes
run
down
with rills
of
water,
because
your
law
is
not
kept.
Righteous
are
you,
O
Lord,
and
right
are
your
ordinances.
The
laws
you
has
ordered
are
just,
and
trusty
exceedingly.
My
jealousy
has
undone
me,
that
my
foes
have
forgotten
your
words.
Your
word
has
been
tested
well;
and
your
servant
loves
it.
I
am
little
and
held
in
contempt,
but
your
precepts
I
have
not
forgotten.
Just
is
your
justice
forever,
and
trusty
is
your
law.
Stress
and strain
are
upon
me,
but
your
commandments
are
my
delight.
Right
are
your
charges
forever,
instruct
me
that
I
may
live.
With
my
whole
heart
I
cry;
O
answer
me.
I
would
keep
your
statutes,
O
Lord.
I
cry
to
you:
O
save
me,
and
I
will
observe
your
charges.
Ere
the
dawn
I
cry
for
your
help:
in
your
word
do
I
hope.
Awake
I
meet
the night-watches,
to
muse
upon
your
sayings.
Hear
my
voice
in
your
kindness:
O
Lord,
by
your
judgments
revive
me.
Near
me
are
wicked
tormentors,
who
are
far
from
thoughts
of
your
law;
but
near,
too,
are
you,
O
Lord,
and
all
your
commandments
are
trusty.
Long
have
I
known
from
your
charges
that
you
have
founded
them
for
all
time.
Look
on
my
misery,
and
rescue
me;
for
I
do
not
forget
your
law.
Defend
my
cause
and
redeem
me:
revive
me,
as
you
have
promised.
Salvation
is
far
from
the
wicked,
for
their
mind
is
not
in
your
statutes.
Great
is
your
pity,
O
Lord:
Revive
me,
as
you
have
ordained.
My
foes
and
tormentors
are
many,
but
I
have
not
declined
from
your
charges.
I
behold
the traitors
with
loathing,
for
they
do
not
observe
your
word.
Behold
how
I
love
your
precepts:
revive
me,
O
Lord!,
in
your
kindness.
The
sum
of
your
word
is
truth,
all
your
laws
are
just
and
eternal.
Princes
have
harassed
me wantonly:
but
my
heart
stands
in
awe
of
your
word.
Over
your
word
I
rejoice
as
one
who
finds
great
spoil.
Falsehood
I
hate
and
abhor,
but
your
law
do
I
love.
Seven
times
a
day
do
I
praise
you
because
of
your
righteous
judgments.
Right
well
do
they
fare
who
love
your
law:
they
go
on
their
way
without
stumbling.
I
hope
for
your
salvation;
O
Lord
I
do
your
commandments.
I
observe
your
charges:
I
love
them
greatly.
I
observe
your
precepts
and
charges:
all
my
ways
are
before
you.
Let
my
cry
come
before
you,
O
Lord:
give
me
insight,
as
you
have
promised.
Let
my
prayer
enter
into
your
presence:
deliver
me,
as
you
have
said.
My
lips
shall
be
fountains
of
praise,
that
you
teach
me
your
statutes.
My
tongue
shall
sing
of
your
word,
for
all
your
commandments
are
right.
Let
your
hand
be
ready
to
help
me,
for
your
precepts
have
been
my
choice.
I
long,
Lord,
for
your
salvation,
and
your
law
is
my
delight.
Revive
me
that
I
may
praise
you,
and
let
your
precepts
help
me.
I
have
strayed
like
a
wandering
sheep
seek
your
servant,
because
I
do
not
forget
your
commandments.
Psalm 120 – Prayer for Deliverance from Slander and Treachery
A song of ascents.
In
distress
I
cried
to
the
Lord,
and
he
answered
me.
“Deliver
me,
Lord,
from
the
lip
that
is
false
and
the
tongue
that
is
crafty.”
What
shall
he
give
to
you,
you
tongue
that
is
crafty?
What
yet
shall
he
give
to
you?
Arrows
of
warrior,
sharpened,
with
glowing
broom
coals
together.
Woe
is
me
that
I
sojourn
in
Meshech,
that
I
live
by
the
tents
of
Kedar.
Already
too
long
have
I
dwelt
among
those
who
hate
peace.
I
am
for
peace:
but
when
I
speak
of
it,
they
are
for
war.
Psalm 121 – The Lord Our Protector
A song of ascents.
I
will
lift
up
my
eyes
to
the
mountains.
O
whence
shall
help
for
me
come?
From
the
Lord
comes
help
to
me
the
creator
of
heaven
and
earth.
Your
foot
he
will
not
let
totter:
he
who
guards
you
will
not
sleep.
The
guardian
of
Israel
will
neither
slumber
nor
sleep.
The
Lord
is
he
who
guards
you
your
shelter
upon
your
right
hand.
The
sun
by
day
shall
not
strike
you,
nor
the
moon
by
night.
From
all
evil
the
Lord
will
guard
you,
he
will
guard
your
life.
The
Lord
will
guard
your
going
and
coming
from
now
and
for
evermore.
Psalm 122 – The Joy and the Prayer of the Pilgrims
A song of ascents. Of David.
I
was
glad
when
they
said
to
me,
“We
will
go
to
the
house
of
the
Lord.”
Now
we
are
standing,
within
your
gates,
O
Jerusalem.
O
Jerusalem,
built close-packed,
like
a
city
without
breach
or
gap,
to
you
do
the
tribes
come,
the
tribes
of
the
Lord,
as
the
law
has
ordained
for
Israel,
there
to
give
thanks
to
the
Lord.
There
once
stood
thrones
of
justice
even
thrones
of
the
household
of
David.
Pray
that
all
may
be
well
with
Jerusalem,
and
well
with
those
who
love
you,
well
within
your
ramparts,
and
well
within
your
palaces.
For
the
sake
of
my
brethren
and
friends,
I
will
wish
you
now
prosperity:
for
the
sake
of
the
house
of
the
Lord
our
God,
I
will
seek
your
good.
Psalm 123 – A Prayer for Mercy
A song of ascents.
I
Lift
up
my
eyes
to
you,
who
are throned
in
the
heavens.
As
the
eyes
of
a
servant
turn
to
the
hand
of
his
master,
or
the
eyes
of
a
maid
to
the
hand
of
her
mistress,
so
do
our
eyes
turn
to
the
Lord
our
God,
until
he
is
gracious
to
us.
Be
gracious,
be
gracious
to
us,
Lord.
Scorn
enough,
and
more,
have
we
borne
More
than
enough
have
we
borne
of
derision
from
those
at
their
ease,
of
scorn
from
those
who
are
haughty.
Psalm 124 – A Magnificent Deliverance
A song of ascents. Of David.
“Had
it
not
been
the
Lord
who
was
for
us”
let
Israel
say
“Had
it
not
been
the
Lord
who
was
for
us
when
enemies
rose
against
us,
then
alive they’d
have
swallowed
us
up,
when
their
anger
was
kindled
against
us.
Then
the
waters would’ve
swept
us
away,
and
the
torrent
passed
over
us
clean:
then
most
sure would’ve
passed
over
us
clean
the
wild
seething
waters.”
Blest
be
the
Lord
who
has
given
us
not
to
be
torn
by
their
teeth.
We
are
like
a
bird
just
escaped
from
the
snare
of
the
fowler.
The
snare
is
broken,
and
we
are
escaped.
Our
help
is
the
name
of
the
Lord,
the
Creator
of
heaven
and
earth.
Psalm 125 – A Sure Defence
A song of ascents.
Those
who
trust
in
the
Lord
are
like
Mount
Zion,
that
cannot
be
moved,
but
abides
forever.
Round
Jerusalem
are
the
mountains,
and
the
Lord
is
round
his
people
from
now
and
for
evermore.
For
he
will
not
suffer
the
sceptre
of
wrong
to
rest
on
the
land
allotted
to
the
righteous;
else
the
righteous
might
put
forth
their
own
hand
to
evil.
Do
good,
O
Lord,
to
the
good,
and
to
the true-hearted.
But
those
who
swerve
into
crooked
ways
will
the
Lord
lead
away
with
the
workers
of
evil.
Peace
be
upon
Israel.
Psalm 126 – Sowing in Tears
A song of ascents.
When
the
Lord
turned
the
fortunes
of
Zion,
we
were
like
dreamers.
Then
was
our
mouth
filled
with
laughter,
our
tongue
with
glad
shouts;
then
among
the
nations
they
said,
“The
Lord
has
dealt
greatly
with
them.”
The
Lord
had
dealt
greatly
with
us,
and
we
were
rejoicing.
Turn
our
fortunes,
O
Lord,
as
the
streams
in
the Negreb.
They
who
sow
in
tears
shall
reap
with
glad
shouts.
Forth
they
fare,
with
their
burden
of
seed,
and
they
weep
as
they
go.
But
home,
home,
with
glad
shouts
they
shall
come
with
their
arms
full
of
sheaves.
Psalm 127 – The Need of Heavenly Help
A song of ascents. Of Solomon.
Unless
the
Lord
builds
the
house,
those
who
build
it
labor
in
vain.
Unless
the
Lord
guards
the
city,
the
watchman wakes
in
vain.
In
vain
you
rise
early,
and
finish
so
late,
and
so
eat sorrow’s
bread;
for
he
cares
for
his
loved
ones
in
their
sleep.
Children
are
a
gift
of
the
Lord,
the
fruit
of
the
womb,
a
reward.
Like
arrows
wielded
by
warriors,
are
the
children
of
youth.
Happy
the
man
who
has
filled
his
quiver
full
of
them.
He
will
not
be
ashamed
when
he
speaks
with
enemies
in
the
gate.
Psalm 128 – The Blessings of Home
A song of ascents.
Happy
all
who
fear
the
Lord,
who
walk
in
his
ways.
You
will
eat
what
your
hands
have
toiled
for,
and
be
happy
and
prosperous!
Like
a
fruitful
vine
shall
your
wife
be
in
the
innermost
room
of
your
house:
your
children,
like
olive
shoots,
round
about
your
table.
See!
This
is
the
blessing
of
the
man
who
fears
the
Lord.
The
Lord
shall
bless
you
from
Zion.
You
will
see
Jerusalem
nourish
all
the
days
of
your
life.
You
will
see
your
children’s
children.
Peace
upon
Israel.
Psalm 129 – A Prayer for the Discomfiture of the Enemies of Zion
A song of ascents.
“Sore
have
they
vexed
me
from
youth”
thus
let
Israel
say
“Sore
have
they
vexed
me
from
youth,
but
they
have
not
prevailed
against
me.
“The ploughers ploughed
on
my
back,
they
made
their
furrows
long.
But
the
Lord,
who
is
righteous,
has
cut
the
cords
of
the
wicked.”
Let
all
who
are
haters
of
Zion
be
put
to
shame
and
defeated.
May
they
be
as
the
grass
on
the house-top,
which
withers
before
it
shoots
up;
which
fills
not
the
arms
of
the
reaper,
nor
the
lap
of
the
binder
of
sheaves
whereof
no
one
says
as
they
pass,
“The
blessing
of
God
be
upon
you.”
In
the
name
of
the
Lord
we
bless
you.
Psalm 130 – Out of the Depths
A song of ascents.
Out
of
the
depths
I
call
to
you,
Lord.
Lord,
hear
my
voice:
give
heed
with
your
ears
to
my
loud
plea.
If
you
should
mark
sin,
Lord,
O
Lord,
who
could
stand?
But
with
you
is
forgiveness,
that
you
may
be
feared.
I
wait
for
the
Lord,
I
wait
for
his
word,
I
look
for
the
Lord
more
than
watchman
for
morning,
than
watchman
for
morning.
Israel,
hope
in
the
Lord:
with
the
Lord
there
is
love
with
him
plenteous
redemption.
And
he
redeems
Israel
from
all
his
iniquities.
Psalm 131 – As a Little Child
A song of ascents. Of David.
O
Lord,
my
heart
is
not
haughty,
my
eyes
are
not
lofty,
I
walk
not
among
great
things,
things
too
wonderful
for
me.
Yes,
I
have soothed
and
stilled
myself,
like
a
young
child
on
his
mother’s
lap;
like
a
young
child
am
I.
O
Israel,
hope
in
the
Lord
from
now
and
for
evermore.
Psalm 132 – The Ancient Promise to David and Zion
A song of ascents.
Remember,
O
Lord,
David
all
his
sufferings,
the
oath
that
he
swore
to
the
Lord,
and
his
vow
to
the
Strong
One
of
Jacob,
never
to
enter
his
tent,
never
to
lie
on
his
bed,
never
to
give
his
eyes
sleep
or
his
eyelids
slumber,
till
he
had
found
a
place
for
the
Lord,
for
the
Strong
One
of
Jacob
to
live
in.
We
heard
of
it
in
Ephrathah,
in
the
fields
of
Jaar
we
found
it.
We
went
to
the
place
where
he
dwelt,
we
bowed
ourselves
low
at
his
footstool.
“Arise,
Lord,
and
enter
your resting-place,
you
and
your
mighty
ark.
Let
your
priests
wear
a
garment
of
righteousness,
your
faithful
shout
aloud
for
joy.
For
the
sake
of
David
your
servant,
do
not
reject
your
Anointed.”
The
Lord
swore
an
oath
to
David
an
oath
that
he
will
not
break;
“I
will
set
on
your
throne
a
prince
of
your
line.
If
your
sons
keep
my
covenant
and
the
statutes
I
teach
them,
then
their
sons,
too,
forever,
will
sit
on
your
throne.”
For
the
choice
of
the
Lord
is
Zion;
she
is
the
home
of
his
heart.
“This
is
forever
my resting-place,
this
is
the
home
of
my
heart.
I
will royally
bless
her
provision,
and
give
bread
to
her
poor
in
abundance.
Her
priests
I
will
clothe
with
salvation;
her
faithful
will
shout
for
joy.
There
will
I
raise
up
for
David
a
dynasty
of
power.
I
have
set
my
anointed
a
lamp
that
shall
never
go
out.
Robes
of
shame
I
will
put
on
his
foes,
but
on
his
head
a
glittering
crown.”
Psalm 133 – Family together
A song of ascents. Of David.
Behold!
How
good
and
how
pleasant
is
the
dwelling
of
kindred
together!
Like
precious
oil
on
the
head
that
ran
down
on
the
beard,
the
beard
of
Aaron,
running
over
the
collar
of
his
robe:
like
the
dew
upon
Hermon
which
falls
on
the
mountains
of
Zion.
For
there
has
the
Lord
ordained
blessing –
life
that
is
endless.
Psalm 134 – An Evening Invocation
A song of ascents.
Come,
praise
the
Lord,
all
you
the
Lord’s
servants,
who
stand
by
night
in
the
house
of
the
Lord.
Lift
your
hands
to
the
holy
place,
praise
the
Lord.
The
Lord
who
made
heaven
and
earth,
bless
you
from
Zion.
Psalm 135 – The Lord’s Power Revealed in Nature and History
Hallelujah.
Praise
the
name
of
the
Lord.
Praise
the
Lord,
you
his
servants,
who
stand
in
the
house
of
the
Lord,
in
the
courts
of
the
house
of
our
God.
Praise
the
Lord,
for
the
Lord
is
good:
Sing
praise
to
his
name
it
is
pleasant.
The
Lord
for
himself
chose
Jacob,
Israel
as
his
own
special
treasure.
For
I
know
that
the
Lord
is
great,
that
our
Lord
is
above
all
gods.
All
that
he
wills
he
does
in
the
heavens
and
on
the
earth,
in
the
seas
and
in
all
the abysses.
Clouds
he
brings
up
from
the
ends
of
the
earth,
lightnings
he
makes
for
the
rain,
wind
he
brings
out
of
his
storehouses.
The
firstborn
of
Egypt
he
struck,
both humans
and
animals.
Signs
and
wonders
he
sent
into
your
midst,
O
Egypt,
upon
Pharaoh
and
all
his
servants.
Many
nations
he
struck,
mighty
kings
he
slew
Sihon,
king
of
the
Amorites,
Og,
king
of
Bashan,
and
all
the
kingdoms
of
Canaan.
He
gave
their
land
for
possession,
possession
to
Israel
his
people.
Your
name,
O
Lord,
is
forever;
your
memorial
world
without
end.
For
the
Lord secures
right
for
his
people,
and
takes
pity
upon
his
servants.
The
idols
of
heathen
are
silver
made
by
human
hands.
They
have
mouths,
but
cannot
speak:
they
have
eyes,
but
cannot
see.
They
have
ears,
but
cannot
hear:
there
is
no
breath
in
their
mouths.
Their
makers
become
like
them,
so
do
all
who
trust
in
them.
House
of
Israel,
praise
the
Lord:
house
of Araon,
praise
the
Lord.
House
of
Levi,
praise
the
Lord:
you
who
fear
the
Lord,
praise
the
Lord.
Blest
be
the
Lord
out
of
Zion,
who
lives
in
Jerusalem.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 136 – The Lord’s Love Revealed in Nature and History
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
for
his
goodness:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Give
thanks
to
the
God
of
gods:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Give
thanks
to
the
Lord
of
lords:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
To
him
who
alone
does
great
wonders:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Whose
wisdom
created
the
heavens:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
spread
forth
the
earth
on
the
waters:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
made
great
lights:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
The
sun
to
rule
over
the
day:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Moon
and
stars
to
rule
over
the
night:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
struck
the
firstborn
of
Egypt:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
brought
Israel
out
from
their
midst:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
With
strong
hand
and
outstretched
arm:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
cut
the
Red
Sea
in
pieces:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
brought
Israel
right
through
the
midst:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
shook
Pharaoh
with
all
his
host
into
the
sea
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
led
his
people
through
the
desert:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
struck
down
great
kings:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
slew
noble
kings:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Sihon,
king
of
the
Amorites:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
Og,
king
of
Bashan:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
gave
their
land
for
possession:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Possession
to
Israel
his
servant:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
remembered
our
low
estate:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
And
rescued
us
from
our
foes:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Who
gives
to
all
flesh
food:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Give
thanks
to
the
God
of
heaven:
for
his
kindness
endures
forever.
Psalm 137 – By the Waters of Babylon
By
the
waters
of
Babylon
there
we
sat,
and
we
wept
at
the
thought
of
Zion.
There
on
the
poplars
we
hung
our
harps.
For
there
our
captors
called
for
a
song:
our
tormentors,
rejoicing,
saying:
“Sing
us
one
of
the
songs
of
Zion.”
How
can
we
sing
the
Lord’s
song
in
the foreigner’s
land?
If
I
forget
you,
Jerusalem,
may
my
right
hand
wither.
May
my
tongue
stick
to
the
roof
of
my
mouth,
if
I
am
unmindful
of
you,
or
don’t
set
Jerusalem
above
my
chief
joy.
Remember
the
Edomites,
Lord,
the
day
of
Jerusalem’s
fall,
when
they
said, “Lay
her
bare,
lay
her
bare,
right
down
to
her
very
foundation.”
Babylon, despoiler,
happy
are
those
who
pay
you
back
for
all
you
have
done
to
us.
Happy
are
they
who
seize
and
dash
your
children
against
the
rocks.
Psalm 138 – The Constancy of the Lord’s Care
Of David.
I
will
thank
you,
O
Lord,
with
all
my
heart:
in
the
sight
of
the
gods
I
will
sing
your
praise,
and
prostrate
before
your
holy
temple,
will
praise
your
name
for
your
constant
love,
for
you
have
exulted
your
promise
above
all.
When
I
called
you,
you
answered;
you
gave
me
strength,
you
inspired
me.
All
the
kings
of
the
earth
shall
praise
you,
O
Lord,
when
they
shall
have
heard
the
words
you
have
uttered;
and
they
shall
sing
of
the
ways
of
the
Lord,
and
tell
of
the
Lord’s transcendent
glory.
For,
high
though
the
Lord
is,
he
looks
on
the
lowly,
and
strikes
down
the
haughty
from
far
away.
Though
my
way
be distressful,
yet
you
preserve
me:
you
lay
your
hand
on
my
angry
foes,
and
your
right
hand
gives
me
victory.
The
Lord
will
accomplish
all
that
which
concerns
me.
Your
kindness,
O
Lord,
endures
forever.
O
do
not
abandon
the
work
of
your
hands.
Psalm 139 – The Ever-Present God
For the leader. Of David, a psalm.
O
Lord,
you
search
and
know
me;
when
I
sit,
when
I
rise
you
know
it,
you
perceive
my
thoughts
from
afar.
When
I
walk,
when
I
lie
you
sift
it,
familiar
with
all
my
ways.
There
is
not
a
word
on
my
tongue,
but
see!
Lord,
you
know
it
all.
Behind
and
before
you
beset
me,
upon
me
you
lay
your
hand.
It’s
too
wonderful
for
me
to
know
too
lofty
I
cannot
attain
it.
Whither
shall
I
go
from
your
spirit?
Or
whither
shall
I
flee
from
your
face?
If
I
climb
up
to
heaven,
you
are
there:
or
make
Sheol
my
bed,
you
are
there.
If
I
lift
up
the
wings
of
the
morning
and
fly
to
the
end
of
the
sea,
there
also
your
hand
would
grasp
me,
and
your
right
hand
take
hold
of
me.
If
I
say, “Let
the
darkness
cover
me,
and
night
be
the
light
about
me,”
The
dark
is
not
dark
for
you,
but
night
is
as
light
as
the
day.
For
you
did
put
me
together;
in
my
mother’s
womb
you
did
weave
me.
I
give
you
praise
for
my
fashioning
so
full
of
awe,
so
wonderful.
Your
works
are
wonderful.
You
knew
me
right
well;
my
bones
were
not
hidden
from
you,
when
I
was
made
in
secret,
and
woven
in
the
depths
of
the
earth.
Your
eyes
saw
all
my
days:
they
stood
on
your
book
every
one
written
down,
before
they
were
fashioned,
while
none
of
them
yet
was
mine.
But
how
far,
O
God,
beyond
measure
are
your
thoughts!
How
mighty
their
sum!
Should
I
count,
they
are
more
than
the
sand.
When
I
wake,
I
am
still
with
you.
Will
you
slay
the
wicked,
O
God?
And
remove
from
me
the
bloodthirsty,
who
maliciously
defy
you
and
take
your
name
in
vain.
Do
I
not
hate
those
who
hate
you,
Lord?
Do
I
not
loathe
those
who
resist
you?
With
perfect
hatred
I
hate
them,
I
count
them
my
enemies.
Search
me,
O
God,
know
my
heart:
test
me,
and
know
my
thoughts,
and
see
if
guile
be
in
me;
and
lead
me
in
the
way
everlasting.
Psalm 140 – A Prayer for Preservation
To the leader. A Psalm of David.
Rescue
me,
Lord,
from
evil
people;
from
the
violent
guard
me
from
those
who
plot
evil
in
their
heart,
and
stir
up
war
continually:
who
make
their
tongue
as
sharp
as
a
serpent’s,
and
under
whose
lips
is
the
poison
of
adders.
Selah
Preserve
me,
O
Lord,
from
the
hands
of
the
wicked,
from
the
violent
guard
me
from
those
who
are
plotting
to
trip
up
my
feet.
The
proud
have
hidden
a
trap
for
me,
cords
they
have
spread
as
a
net
for
my
feet:
snares
they
have
set
at
the
side
of
my
track.
Selah
I
have
said
to
the
Lord, “My
God
are
you;
attend,
Lord,
to
my
loud
plea.
O
Lord
my
Lord,
my
savior
mighty,
you
did
cover
my
head
in
the
day
of
battle.
Grant
not,
O
Lord,
the
desires
of
the
wicked;
and
what
they
have
purposed,
promote
you
not.”
Selah
Let
them
not
lift
up
their
heads
against
me.
May
the
mischief
they prate
bring
themselves
to
destruction,
may
he
rain
upon
them
coals
of
fire,
may
he
strike
them
down
swiftly,
to
rise
no
more,
no
place
in
the
land
may
there
be
for
the
slanderer:
may
the
violent
be
hunted
from
sorrow
to
sorrow.
I
know
that
the
Lord
will
do
right
by
the
weak,
and
will
execute
justice
for
those
who
are
needy.
Surely
the
righteous
shall
praise
your
name,
and
they
who
are
upright
shall
live
in
your
presence.
Psalm 141 – A Prayer for Protection from Persecutors
A psalm of David.
Lord,
I
call
to
you:
hasten,
to
me,
attend
to
my
voice,
when
I
call
to
you.
Let
my
prayer
be
presented
as
incense
before
you,
and
my
uplifted
hands
as
the
evening meal-offering.
Set,
O
Lord,
a
watch
on
my
mouth,
put
a
guard
on
the
door
of
my
lips.
Incline
not
my
heart
to
an
evil
matter,
to
busy
myself
in
deeds
of
wickedness,
in
company
with
workers
of
evil:
never
may
I partake
of
their
dainties.
A
wound
or
reproof
from
a
good
person
in
kindness
is
oil
which
my
head
shall
never
refuse.
In
their
misfortune
my
prayer
is
still
with
them.
Abandoned
they
are
to
the
hands
of
their
judges:
they
shall
learn
that
my
words
are
true.
Like
stones
on
a
country
road
cleft
and
broken
so
lie
our
bones
scattered
for
Death
to
devour.
But
my
eyes
are
turned towards
you,
O
Lord.
Do
not
pour
out
my
life,
for
in
you
I
take
refuge.
Keep
me
safe
from
the
trap
they
have
laid
for
me,
from
the
snares
of
the
workers
of
trouble.
Into
their
own
nets
let
wicked
people
fall;
while
I
pass
by
in
safety.
Psalm 142 – A Prayer for Deliverance from Persecutors
A maskil of David, while he was in the cave, a prayer.
Loudly
I
cry
to
the
Lord:
to
the
Lord
plead
loudly
for
mercy,
I
pour
my
complaint
before
him,
I
tell
my
troubles
to
him.
When
my
spirit
is
faint
within
me,
my
path
is
known
to
you.
In
the
way
I
am
wont
to
walk
in,
they
have
hidden
a
trap
for
me.
I
look
to
the
right
and
the
left;
but
not
a
friend
have
I.
No
place
of
refuge
is
left
me,
not
a
man
to
care
for
me.
So
I
cry
to
you,
O
Lord:
I
say, “My
refuge
are
you,
all
I
have
in
the
land
of
the
living.”
Attend
to
my
piercing
cry,
for
very
weak
am
I.
Save
me
from
those
who
pursue
me,
for
they
are
too
strong
for
me.
Free
me
from
prison,
that
I
may
give
thanks
to
your
name,
for
the
righteous
are
patiently
waiting
till
you
show
your
bounty
to
me.
Psalm 143 – A Prayer for Deliverance and Guidance
A psalm of David.
Listen,
O
Lord,
to
my
prayer;
attend
to
my
plea.
In
your
faithfulness
give
me
answer,
and
in
your
righteousness.
With
your
servant
O
enter
you
not
into
judgment,
for
in
your
sight
can
no
one
alive
be
justified.
For
the
enemy persecutes
me,
crushing
my
life
to
the
ground,
making
me
live
in
the
darkness,
as
those
who
have
long
been
dead.
My
spirit
is
faint
within
me,
my
heart
is
bewildered
within
me.
I
remember
the
days
of
old,
and
brood
over
all
you
have
done,
musing
on
all
that
your
hands
have
wrought.
I
spread
out
my
hands
to
you:
I
thirst
for
you,
like
parched
earth.
Selah
Answer
me
soon,
Lord,
because
my
spirit
is
spent.
Hide
not
your
face
from
me,
else
become
I
like
those
who
go
down
to
the
pit.
Let
me
learn
of
your
love
in
the
morning,
for
my
trust
is
in
you.
Teach
me
the
way
I
should
go:
for
my
heart
longs
for
you.
Save
me,
O
Lord,
from
my
foes:
for
to
you
I
have
fled
for
refuge.
Teach
me
to
do
your
will,
for
you
yourself
are
my
God.
Guide
me
by
your
good
spirit,
O
Lord,
on
a
way
that
is
smooth.
Be
true
to
your
name
Lord,
spare
me,
bring
me
out
of
distress
in
your
faithfulness.
In
your
kindness
extinguish
my
enemies,
and
all
those
who
vex
me
destroy;
for
I
am
your
servant.
Psalm 144 – The Warrior’s Song
Of David.
Blest
be
the
Lord
my
rock,
who
trains
my
hands
for
war,
my
fingers
for
fighting.
My
rock
and
my
fortress,
my
tower,
my
deliverer,
my
shield,
behind
whom
I
take
refuge,
who
lays
nations
low
at
my
feet.
Lord,
what
are
mortals
that
you
care
for
them,
humans,
that
you
think
of
them?
They
are
like
a
breath,
their
days
as
a
shadow
that
passes.
Lord,
bow
your
heavens
and
come
down:
touch
the
hills,
so
that
they
smoke.
Flash
forth
lightning
and
scatter
them,
your
arrows
send
forth
and
confound
them.
Stretch
out
your
hand
from
on
high;
pluck
me
out
of
the
mighty
waters,
out
of
the
hands
of
foreigners,
who
speak
with
the
mouth
of
falsehood,
and
lift
their
right
hand
to
swear
lies.
O
God,
a
new
song
I
would
sing
you,
on
a
ten-stringed
harp
make
you
music.
For
to
kings
you
give
the
victory,
and
David
your
servant
you
save.
Snatch
me
from
the
cruel
sword,
rescue
me
from
the
hand
of
foreigners,
who
speak
with
the
mouth
of
falsehood,
and
lift
their
right
hand
to
swear
lies.
The
Prosperity
of
the
Lord’s
People
May
our
sons
in
their
youth
be
as
plants
well tended:
our
daughters
like cornices
carved
as
in
palaces.
May
our
barns
be
bursting
with
produce
of
all
kinds.
In
the
fields
may
our
sheep
bear
by
thousands
and
ten
thousands.
May
our
cattle
be
fat,
our
walls unbreached,
may
no
cry
of
distress
ring
in
our
streets.
Happy
the
people
who fares
so
well:
and
so fares
the
people
whose
God
is
the
Lord.
Psalm 145 – The Kingdom Everlasting
A song of praise. Of David.
I
will
exalt
you,
my
God,
O
king:
I
will
praise
your
name
for
ever
and
ever.
I
will
bless
you
every
day:
I
will
praise
your
name
for
ever
and
ever.
Great
is
the
Lord
and
worthy
all
praise,
his
greatness
is
unsearchable.
One
age
to
another
shall
praise
your
deeds,
declaring
the
mighty
things
you
have
done.
Of
your
glorious
majesty
they
shall
tell,
and
I
will
muse
of
your
many
wonders.
Of
the
might
of
your
terrible
acts
they
shall
speak,
and
the
tale
of
your
great
deeds
I
will
tell.
The
fame
of
your
abundant
goodness
and
righteousness
they
shall
pour
forth
in
song.
The
Lord
is
full
of
grace
and
pity,
patient
and
rich
in loving-kindness.
The
Lord
is
good
to
all
the
world,
and
his
pity
is
over
all
things
that
he
made.
All
your
works
give
you
thanks,
O
Lord,
and
you
are
blessed
of
those
who
love
you.
They
shall
speak
of
your
glorious
kingdom,
and
of
your
might
shall
they
discourse,
making
known
to
all
his
mighty
acts,
and
the
glorious
majesty
of
his
kingdom.
Yours
is
a
kingdom
that
lives
through
all
ages:
through
all
generations
extends
your
dominion.
The
Lord
upholds
all
who
fall;
he
lifts
up
all
who
are
bowed
down.
The
eyes
of
all
look
in
hope
to
you,
and
you
give
them
their
food
in
due
season.
You
yourself
open
your
hand,
and
fill
with
your
favor
all
things
that
live.
The
Lord
is
righteous
in
all
his
ways,
gracious
is
he
in
all
that
he
does.
The
Lord
is
near
to
all
who
call
him,
to
all
who
call
upon
him
in
truth.
He
will
fulfil
the
desires
of
those
who
fear
him;
he
will
hear
their
cry
for
help
and
save
them.
The
Lord
is
the
keeper
of
all
who
love
him,
but
all
the
wicked
will
he
destroy.
My
mouth
will
utter
the
praise
of
the
Lord,
and
all
life
will
bless
his
holy
name
for
ever
and
ever.
Psalm 146 – The Great Protector
My
soul,
praise
the
Lord.
I
will
praise
the
Lord,
while
I
live;
I
will
sing
to
my
God,
while
I
am.
Put
not
your
trust
in
princes
mortals,
in
whom
is
no
help.
When
their
breath
goes
out,
they
go
back
to
the
dust:
on
that
very
day
their
purposes
perish.
Happy
those
whose
help
is
the
God
of
Jacob:
whose
hope
is
set
on
the
Lord
their
God,
the
Creator
of
heaven
and
earth,
the
sea,
and
all
that
is
in
them.
He
remains
eternally
loyal.
For
the
wronged
he
executes
justice;
he
gives
bread
to
the
hungry;
the
Lord
releases
the
prisoners.
The
Lord
gives
sight
to
the
blind:
the
Lord
raises
those
who
are
bowed.
The
Lord
loves
the
righteous.
The
Lord
preserves
the
stranger,
upholds
the
widow
and
orphan,
but
the
wicked
he
leads
to
disaster.
The
Lord
shall
reign
forever,
your
God,
O
Zion,
to
all
generations.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 147 – The Lord’s Love and Power Revealed in Nature
Hallelujah.
It
is
good
to
sing
praise
to
our
God,
for
praise
is
sweet
and
seemly.
The
Lord
builds
up
Jerusalem,
the
outcasts
of
Israel
he
gathers.
He
heals
the
broken
in
heart,
and
binds
up
their
wounds.
He
counts
the numberless
stars,
he
gives
names
to
them
all.
Great
is
our
Lord,
rich
in
power,
and measureless
is
his
wisdom.
The
Lord
lifts
up
the down-trodden,
the
wicked
he
brings
to
the
ground.
Sing
songs
of
thanks
to
the
Lord,
and
play
on
the
lyre
to
our
God.
For
he
covers
the
sky
with
clouds,
he
prepares
rain
for
the
earth,
makes
grass
to
grow
on
the
mountains.
He
gives
the
cattle
their
food
the
young
ravens
when
they
cry.
His
pleasure
is
not
in
the
strength
of
the
horse,
his
joy
is
not
in
the
speed
of
a
runner;
but
the
Lord
has
his
pleasure
in
those
who
fear
him,
in
those
who
wait
for
his
kindness.
Praise
the
Lord,
then,
O
Jerusalem:
sing
praise
to
your
God,
O
Zion.
For
he
strengthens
the
bars
of
your
gates,
and
blesses
your
children
within
you.
He
brings
peace
to
your
borders,
and
choicest
of
wheat
in
abundance.
He
sends
his
command
to
the
earth:
his
word
runs
very
swiftly.
Snow
he
gives
like
wool,
frost
he
scatters
like
ashes.
He
casts
forth
his
ice
like
morsels:
who
can
stand
before
his
cold?
He
sends
forth
his
word,
and
melts
them:
his
wind
blows
the
waters
flow.
He
declares
his
word
to
Jacob,
his
statutes
and
judgments
to
Israel.
No
other
nation
did
he
do
this
for,
they
know
nothing
of
his
judgments.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 148 – The Universal Chorus of Praise
Praise
the
Lord
from
the
heavens,
praise
him
in
the
heights.
Praise
him,
all
his
angels;
praise
him,
all
his
hosts.
Praise
him,
sun
and
moon;
praise
him,
all
stars
of
light.
Praise
him,
you
highest
heavens,
and
you
waters
above
the
heavens.
Let
them
praise
the
name
of
the
Lord,
for
at
his
command
they
were
made.
And
he
fixed
them
for
ever
and
ever
by
a
law
which
they
dare
not
transgress.
Praise
the
Lord
from
the
earth:
you
depths,
with
your
monsters,
all.
Fire,
hail,
snow
and
ice,
and
stormy
wind
doing
his
word.
All
you
mountains
and
hills,
all
you
fruit
trees
and
cedars,
all
you
wild
beasts
and tame,
creeping
things,
birds
on
the
wing.
All
you
kings
and
nations
of
earth;
all
you
princes
and
judges
of
earth:
young
men
and
maidens
together,
old
men
and
children
together.
Let
them
praise
the
name
of
the
Lord,
for
his
name
alone
is
exalted.
Over
heaven
and
earth
is
his
glory.
He
has
lifted
his
people
to
honor.
Wherefore
this chorus
of
praise
from
his
saints,
from
Israel,
the
people
who
stand
in
his
fellowship.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 149 – Song of Victory
Hallelujah.
Sing
to
the
Lord
a
new
song,
sound
his
praise
where
the
faithful
are
gathered.
Let
Israel
rejoice
in
its
maker,
sons
of
Zion
exult
in
their
king.
Let
them
praise
his
name
in
the
dance,
making
music
with
lyre
and
with
timbrel.
For
the
Lord
delights
in
his
people,
adorning
the
humble
with
victory.
Let
the
faithful
exult
and
extol
him
with
glad ringing
cries
all
night
long.
High
praises
of
God
in
their
mouth,
and
a
two-edged
sword
in
their
hand:
on
the
heathen
to
execute
vengeance,
and
chastisement
sore
on
the
nations,
binding
their
kings
with
chains,
and
their
nobles
with
fetters
of
iron,
to
execute
on
them
the
doom
that
is
written.
This
is
the
glory
of
all
his
faithful.
Hallelujah.
Psalm 150 – Hallelujah
Hallelujah.
Praise
God
in
his
holy
place.
Praise
him
in
the
sky,
his
stronghold.
Praise
him
for
his
deeds
of
power.
Praise
him
for
his boundless
greatness.
Praise
him
with
blast
of
horn;
praise
him
with
harp
and
lyre.
Praise
him
with
timbrel
and
dance;
praise
him
with
strings
and
pipe.
Praise
him
with
resounding
cymbals,
praise
him
with clashing
cymbals.
Let
all
that
has
breath
praise
the
Lord.
Hallelujah.
Hosea
Hosea
Hos
Hosea
Introduction
The
Lord’s
message
to
Hosea
son
of
Beeri
during
the
reigns
of
Kings
Uzziah,
Jotham,
Ahaz,
and
Hezekiah
of
Judah
and
during
the
reign
of
King
Jeroboam,
son
of
Joash
of
Israel.
The
adultery
of Hosea’s
wife
When
the
Lord
began
to
speak
through
Hosea,
he
said
to
him:
“Go
marry
an
unfaithful
woman
who
will
bear
you
children
by
her
adultery,
for
like
an
adulterous
wife
the
land
is
unfaithful
to
the
Lord.”
So
he
married
Gomer,
the
daughter
of Dibliam,
and
when
she
conceived
and
bore
him
a
son,
the
Lord
said:
“Call
him ‘Jezreel,’
for
in
a
little
while
I
will
punish
the
dynasty
of
Jehu
for
the
blood
shed
at
the
valley
of
Jezreel,
I
will
cause
the
kingdom
of
Israel
to
cease.
On
that
day,
I
will
break
Israel’s
bows
and
arrows
in
the
valley
of
Jezreel.”
When
she
conceived
again
and
bore
a
daughter,
the
Lord
said
to
Hosea:
“Call
her
Lo-Ruhamah – ‘No-Compassion’
for
I
will
no
longer
have
compassion
on
Israel,
certainly
not
spare
them.
But
on
Judah
I
will
have
compassion,
I
will
deliver
them
by
the
Lord
their
God,
but
I
will
not
deliver
them
by
bow
nor
by
sword,
nor
by
battle
nor
by
horses
nor
by
horsemen.”
After
she
had
weaned No-Compassion,
and
when
she
conceived
and
bore
a
son,
he
said:
“Call
him
Lo-Ammi – ‘Not-My-People’
for
you,
Israel,
are
not
my
people,
and
I
indeed
am
not
your
God.”
Yet
the
number
of
the
Israelites
will
be
as
the
sand
of
the
sea,
which
cannot
be
measured
or
counted,
and
where
they
were
told, “You
are
not
my
people,”
they
will
be
called, “children
of
the
living
God.”
The
Judeans
and
the
Israelites
will
join
together
again,
will
appoint
for
themselves
one
leader,
will
return
to
their
own
land.
Great
will
be
the
day
of
Jezreel!
So
call
your
brothers,
My
People,
and
your
sisters,
Compassion.
Accuse,
accuse
your
mother:
for
she
is
not
my
wife,
and
I
will
not
be
her
husband.
Let
her
put
her
acts
of infidelity
out
of
her
sight,
and
her
lovers
from
between
her
breasts,
else
I
will
strip
her
bare,
expose
her
as
she
was
on
the
day
of
her
birth,
make
her
like
the
wilderness,
let
her
become
like
a
parched
land,
and
let
her
die
of
thirst.
And
on
her
children
I
will
have
no
pity,
since
they
are
children
of
adultery,
for
their
mother
has
become
a
prostitute,
she
who
conceived
them
has
behaved
shamefully.
She
has
said,
“I
will
go
after
my
lovers
who
gave
me
my
bread
and
my
water,
my
wool,
my
flax,
my
oil,
and
my
drink.”
That
is
why
I
am
going
to
hedge
up
her
ways
with
thorns,
and
build
a
wall
about
her,
so
that
she
cannot
find
her
paths.
She
will
pursue
her
lovers,
but
will
not
overtake
them.
She
will
seek
them,
but
not
find
them.
In
time
she
will
say,
“I
will
go
back
to
my
first
husband,
I
was
better
off
then
than
now.”
She
herself
did
not
know
that
it
was
I
who
gave
her
the
grain,
the
sweet
wine,
and
the
oil,
who
lavished
on
her
silver
and
gold –
that
they
used
in
worshipping
Baal!
So
I
will
take
back
my
grain
at
the
harvest,
and
my
sweet
wine
in
its
season.
I
will
withdraw
my
wool
and
my
flax,
given
to
cover
her
nakedness;
and
so
I
will
strip
her
naked
before
her
lovers,
and
no
one
shall
deliver
her
out
of
my
hand.
I
will
end
all
her
celebrations,
her
yearly
feasts,
her
new
moons,
and
her
sabbaths,
all
her
festivals.
I
will
lay
waste
her
vines
and
her
fig
trees,
of
which
she
says, “These
are
my
wages
which
my
lovers
have
given
me.”
I
will
make
them
a
thicket,
and
the
wild
animals
will
eat
them.
In
this
way
I
will
punish
her
for
the
days
of
the
Baals,
in
which
she
made
offerings
to
them,
and
decked
herself
with
earrings
and
jewels,
and
went
after
her
lovers,
but
forgot
me,
–
declares
the
Lord.
So
I
am
going
to
court
her,
bring
her
into
the
wilderness,
and
speak
tenderly
to
her.
I
will
give
her
from
there
her
vineyards,
and
the
valley
of
Achor
as
a
door
of
hope.
There
she
will
respond
as
in
the
days
of
her
youth,
as
in
the
days
when
she
came
up
from
the
land
of
Egypt.
At
that
time,
declares
the
Lord,
you
will
call
me
your
husband,
and
will
no
more
call
me
your
master.
I
will
remove
the
name
of
the
Baals
from
her
mouth,
their
names
never
again
uttered.
On
that
day
I
will
make
for
them
a
covenant
with
the
wild
animals,
the
birds
of
the
sky,
and
the
creatures
that crawl
on
the
earth.
I
will
break
the
bow
and
the
sword,
banish
battle
from
the
land,
and
I
will
make
them
lie
down
in
safety.
I
will
take
you
for
my
wife
forever,
I
will
take
you
for
my
wife
in
righteousness,
in
justice,
in
kindness,
and
in
mercy.
I
will
take
you
for
my
wife
in
faithfulness,
and
you
will
know
the
Lord.
On
that
day
I
will
answer
–
declares
the
Lord,
I
will
answer
the
empty
skies,
and
they
will
answer
the
dry
earth.
The
earth
will
answer
with
grain,
and
new
wine
and
oil,
and
they
will
answer
Jezreel,
and
I
will
plant
her
in
the
land.
I
will
have
compassion
to No-Compassion,
I
will
say
to Not-My-People, “You
are
my
people,”
and
they
will
say, “You
are
my
God.”
Then
the
Lord
said
to
me, “Go
again,
show
love
to
this
woman,
who
is
loved
by
another,
who
commits
adultery.
Love
her
as
the
Lord
loves
the
Israelites,
though
they
turn
to
other
gods,
and
love
the
raisin
cakes
offered
to
idols.
So
I
redeemed
her
for
fifteen
pieces
of
silver
and
a
homer
and
a lethek
of
barley.
And
I
told
her, “You
must
live
with
me
for
many
days
and
you
must
not
sleep
around
or
marry
another.
And
I
will
do
the
same
for
you.
And
like
this
the
Israelites
will
live
for
a
long
time
without
king
and
without
prince,
without
sacrifice
and
without
pillar,
without
ephod
and
without
teraphim.
Yet
afterward
the
Israelites
will
return,
and
seek
the
Lord
their
God
and
their Davidic
king,
and
in
the
days
to
come
they
will
turn
with
awe
to
the
Lord
and
his
goodness.
The Lord’s case against Israel
Hear
the
Lord’s
message,
Israelites,
for
the
Lord
has
brought
charges
against
the
inhabitants
of
the
land,
for
there
is
no
fidelity,
nor
true
love,
nor
knowledge
of
God
in
the
land,
but
cursing,
lying,
and
murder,
stealing,
committing
adultery,
and
deeds
of
violence,
and
acts
of
bloodshed
quickly
follow
each
other.
Therefore
the
land
mourns,
all
its
inhabitants
languish,
the
wild
animals
and
the
birds
of
the
skies,
even
the
fish
of
the
sea
are
dying.
Yet
let
no
one
bring
charges,
let
none
accuse,
for
your
people
are
like
those,
who
bring
charges
against
a
priest
4.4
Heb. uncertain..
You
stumble
by
day,
and
the
prophet
stumbles
with
you
by
night,
and
I
will
destroy
your
mother.
My
people
are
being
destroyed
for
lack
of
knowledge;
because
you
have
rejected
knowledge
I
reject
you
from
being
priest
to
me.
Since
you
have
forgotten
the
teaching
of
your
God,
I
also
will
forget
your
children.
The
more
priests
there
are,
the
more
they
sin
against
me.
I
will
change
their
dignity
to
dishonor.
They
feed
on
the
sin
offerings
of
my
people,
so
they
hunger
after
their
guilt.
Thus
it
comes
to
be,
like
people,
like
priest:
I
will
visit
upon
each
punishment
for
their
ways,
and
their
deeds
I
will
repay
them.
They
will
eat
and
not
be
satisfied,
they
will
sleep
around
but
stay
childless,
because
they
have
abandoned
the
Lord
to
give
themselves
to
prostitution.
Old
and
new
wine
take
away
the
understanding.
My
own
people
ask
counsel
of
a
piece
of
wood!
A
stick
gives
them
advice!
For
a
spirit
of
prostitution
has
led
them
astray,
they
commit
adultery
against
their
God.
On
the
heights
of
the
mountains
they
sacrifice,
and
on
the
hills
they
burn
incense
under
oaks
and
poplars
and terebinths,
for
their
shade
is
so
pleasant.
Therefore
your
daughters
become
cult
prostitutes,
and
your
daughters-in-law
commit
adultery.
I
will
not
punish
your
daughters
for
committing
prostitution,
nor
your
daughters-in-law
for
adultery.
Your
men
visit
prostitutes,
sacrifice
with
cult
prostitutes.
So
a
people
without
understanding
come
to
ruin!
Though
you
commit
adultery,
Israel,
let
not
Judah
become
guilty.
Do
not
go
to
Gilgal,
do
not
go
up
to
Beth-aven,
nor
swear
an
oath, “As
the
Lord
lives.”
Like
a willful
heifer,
Israel
is
stubborn.
Can
the
Lord
now
feed
them
as
he
would
a
lamb
in
a
broad
pasture?
Ephraim
is wedded
to
idols.
Leave
them
alone!
When
their
drinking
is
over
they
sleep
with
the
cult
prostitutes,
their
rulers
love
shameful
ways.
4.18
Heb. uncertain.
A
windstorm
will
wrap
them
in
its
wings
and
they
will
be
ashamed
of
their
sacrifices
4.19
LXX: altars..
The guilt of priests and princes
Hear
this,
priests!
Attend,
Israelites!
Listen,
royal
family!
For
you
is
the
judgment:
a
snare
you
have
become
at
Mizpeh,
and
a
net
spread
out
on
Tabor,
the
rebels
are
deep
in
slaughter,
but
I
will
discipline
all.
I
know
Ephraim,
Israel
is
not
hidden
from
me,
for
you,
Ephraim,
have
committed
prostitution
and
Israel
is
defiled.
Their
deeds
do
not
permit
them
to
return
to
their
God.
For
the
spirit
of
prostitution
is
within
them,
they
do
not
know
the
Lord.
Israel’s
arrogance
testifies
against
them,
Israel,
even
Ephraim,
stumble
in
their
sin,
and
Judah
also
stumbles
with
them.
With
their
sheep
and
their
cattle
they
will
go
to
seek
the
Lord
but
they
will
not
find
him,
he
has
withdrawn
from
them,
for
they
have
been untrue
to
the
Lord,
their
children
are
strangers.
Their
new
moon
festivals
will
soon
destroy
them
and
their
fields.
Blow
the
trumpet
in
Gibeah,
the clarion
in
Ramah!
Raise
the
alarm
in
Beth-aven:
we
are
with
you,
Benjamin!
5.8
LXX: make Benjamin tremble
Ephraim
will
become
a
desolation
in
the
day
of
punishment,
concerning
the
tribes
of
Israel
I
make
known
what
is
certain.
The
princes
of
Israel
have
become
like
thieves
who
move
boundary
stones.
On
them
I
will
pour
out
my
wrath
like
a
flood.
Ephraim
will
be
oppressed,
crushed
by
judgment,
for
they
are
determined
to
go
after
vanity
5.11
So LXX. Heb. uncertain.
.
So
I
am
like
a
moth
to
Ephraim,
like
rottenness
to
the
house
of
Judah.
For
when
Ephraim
saw
their
sickness
and
Israel
their
wound,
Ephraim
turned
to
Assyria,
to
its patron
king.
But
he
cannot
heal
you
nor
relieve
you
of
your
wound.
For
I
myself
will
be
like
a
lion
to
Ephraim,
like
a
young
lion
to
the
house
of
Judah.
I,
yes
I,
will
rend
and
go
my
way,
I
will
carry
off
and
none
will
rescue.
The
lack
of
repentance
and
reform
I
will
return
to
my
place,
until
in
remorse
they
seek
my
presence.
When
they
are
in
distress
they
will
quickly
seek
me,
saying, “Come
let
us
return
to
the
Lord,
for
he
has
torn
us
but
he
will
heal
us,
he
has
injured
us
but
he
will
bandage
our
wounds,
he
will
revive
in
a
couple
of
days,
on
the
third
day
he
will
raise
us
up
again,
to
live
in
his
presence.
Let
us
know,
let
us
eagerly
seek
to
know
the
Lord.
His
coming
is
as
sure
as
the
sunrise.
He
will
come
to
us
like
the
winter
rain,
as
the
spring
rain
that
waters
the
earth.”
What
can
I
make
of
you,
Ephraim!
What
can
I
make
of
you,
Judah!
Your
love
is
like
a
morning
cloud,
like
the
dew
which
early
goes
away.
That
is
why
I
have
hewn
them
by
the
prophets,
I
have
slain
them
by
the
words
of
my
mouth.
My
judgment
is
like
the
light
that
goes
forth,
for
it
is
love
that
I
delight
in
and
not
sacrifice,
and
knowledge
of
God
and
not
burnt
offerings.
But
they
after
the
manner
of
men
have
transgressed
the
covenant,
there
they
have
played
me
false.
Gilead
is
a
city
of
evildoers,
tracked
with
bloody
footprints,
and
as
bandits
lie
in
wait
for
a
man,
so
a
band
of
priests
murder
on
the
way
to
Shechem.
How
terrible
is
the
evil
they
do!
In
Bethel
I
have
seen
a
horrible
thing.
There
Ephraim
plays
the
prostitute,
Israel
is
defiled.
Judah
for
you
also
a
harvest
is
set.
When
I
would
restore
the
fortunes
of
my
people,
when
I
would
heal
Israel,
then Ephrain’s
guilt
is
revealed,
and
Samaria’s
crimes
are
seen,
how
they
practise
fraud
and
the
thief
enters
in,
while
outside
bandits
plunder.
But
it
never crosses
their
minds
that
I
remember
their
wickedness.
Now
their misdeeds
surround
them,
they
are
always
before
my
face.
Their
wickedness amuses
the
king,
and
their
lying gladdens
the
princes,
since
they
are
all
of
them
adulterers.
Their
desire
to
do
evil
burns
like
an
oven
heated
by
the
baker,
so
hot
that
he
need
not
stir
the
fire,
from
the
kneading
of
the
dough,
until
it
rises.
On
our
king’s
festival
day,
the
princes
are
flushed
with
fever
from
wine.
He
stretched
forth
his
hand
with
the contemptuous
7.5
Heb. uncertain,
for
like
an
oven
their
heart
burns
with
treachery,
all
night
their
anger
smolders,
in
the
morning
it
blazes
into
a
flame
of
fire.
All
of
them
glow
like
an
oven,
they
devour
their
rulers.
All
their
kings
have
fallen.
There
is
none
among
them
who
calls
to
me.
Evidence
of
the nation’s
iniquity
Ephraim –
he
lets
himself
be
mixed
among
the
peoples,
Ephraim –
he
has
become
a
cake unturned.
Strangers
have
devoured
his
strength,
but
he
does
not
know
it.
His
hair
is
sprinkled
with grey,
but
he
does
not
notice.
Israel’s
arrogance
testifies
against
them
yet
they
do
not
return
to
the
Lord
their
God,
and
in
all
this
they
do
not
seek
him.
Ephraim
is
like
a
simple,
silly
dove:
to
Egypt
they
call,
after
Assyria
they
go,
wherever
they
turn
I
will
spread
my
net
over
them,
like
birds
of
the
sky
I
will
bring
them
down,
I
will
catch
them
when
I
hear
them
gathering.
Woe
to
them,
for
they
have
strayed
from
me!
Destruction
to
them,
for
they
have
been untrue
to
me.
Although
it
was
I
who
redeemed
them,
they
speak
lies
about
me.
They
have
never
cried
to
me
with
their
hearts,
but
they
are
always
wailing
on
their
beds.
They
gather
to
beg
for
corn
and
new
wine,
but
they
turn
away
from
me.
Although
it
was
I
who
trained
and
strengthened
their
arms,
concerning
me
they
plan
only
evil.
They
turn
away
from
the
Most
High
7.16
Heb. uncertain..
They
have
become
like
a
bow
that swerves.
Their
princes
will
fall
by
the
sword,
because
of
the
insolence
of
their
tongues.
The
land
of
Egypt
will
mock
them.
Put
the
horn
to
your
mouth!
An
eagle
swoops
down
upon
the
house
of
the
Lord
8.1
Heb. uncertain
because
they
have
transgressed
my
covenant,
trespassed
against
my
law.
To
me
they
continually
cry,
“My
God,
we
Israel,
we
know
you!”
But
Israel
has
spurned
that
which
is
good,
so
let
the
foe
pursue
him.
The
Lord’s
rejection
of
Israel’s
rulers
and
idols
They
themselves
have
made
kings
but
without
my
consent.
They
have
made
princes
but
without
my
knowledge.
Out
of
their
silver
and
gold,
they
have
made
idols
to
their
destruction!
Your
calf
idol,
O
Samaria,
is distasteful.
My
anger
is
kindled
against
them.
How
long
will
they
escape
punishment?
Israel
made
the
thing:
a
workman
made
it.
It
is
not
a
god!
Samaria’s
calf
will
become
mere
splinters.
They
sow
the
wind
and
will
reap
the
whirlwind.
A
shoot
which
has
no
stalk,
yields
no
fruit
If
it
should
yield,
strangers
would
devour
it.
Israel
is
devoured.
Already
it
lies
discarded
among
the
nations
like
a
worthless
pot.
For
by
themselves
they
have
gone
up
to
Assyria
like
a
wild
donkey
which
wanders
by
itself.
Ephraim
pays
for
love
but
even
if
they
sell
themselves
among
the
nations,
I
will
round
them
up.
Soon
the
kings
and
princes
will
writhe
under
the
burden
of
tribute!
For
as
many
altars
as
Ephraim
has
erected,
they
are
to
him
altars
for
sinning,
were
I
to
write
for
him
ever
so
many
instructions,
they
would
be
regarded
as
from
a
stranger.
The
people
love
sacrifice,
and
so
they
offer
sacrifices,
meat,
and
so
they
eat
it,
although
the
Lord
is
not
pleased
with
them,
so
now
he
will
remember
their
guilt,
and
punish
their
sins.
Back
to
Egypt
with
them!
For
Israel
forgot
his
Maker
and
built
palaces,
and
Judah
multiplied
fortified
cities.
But
I
will
send
fire
upon
her
cities,
and
it
will
devour
her
strongholds.
The horrors of the coming exile
Rejoice
not
too
loudly,
Israel,
like
the
nations,
for
you
have commited
adultery,
being untrue
to
your
God.
You
have
loved
a prostitute’s
wages
on
every
threshing
floor.
Threshing
floor
and
wine
vat
won’t
feed
them,
the
new
wine
will
fail
them.
They
will
not
stay
in
the
Lord’s
land,
but
Ephraim
will
return
to
Egypt,
and
in
Assyria
they
will
eat
what
is
unclean.
They
will
not
pour
out
libations
of
wine
to
the
Lord,
nor
please
him
with
their
sacrifices.
Their
bread
will
be
like
the
bread
of
mourners:
all
who
eat
it
will
defile
themselves.
For
their
bread
will
be
only
for
their
hunger,
it
will
not
come
into
the
Lord’s
temple.
What
will
you
do
on
the
day
of
the
festival?
Or
on
the
day
of
the
Lord’s
feast?
Even
if
they
flee
from
destruction,
Egypt
will
gather
them,
Memphis
will
bury
them.
Nettles
will
take
possession
of
their
treasure
of
silver,
thorns
will
push
into
their
tents.
The
days
of
punishment
are
come,
the
days
of
recompense
are
at
hand,
as
soon
the
Israelites
will
know!
“The
prophet
is
a
fool,
the
inspired
man
is raving
mad!”
It
is
because
of
the
greatness
of
your
iniquity
and
the
greatness
of
your
hatred.
Ephraim
acts
the
spy
with
my
God,
a
prophet
finds
the
snares
of
a
fowler
are
in
all
his
ways.
In
the
house
of
his
God
they
lay
hostile
plots,
they
commit
crimes
as
in
the
days
of
Gibeah,
God
will
remember
their
iniquity.
He
will
punish
their
sin.
Israel’s
corruption
I
found
Israel
like
finding
grapes
in
the
wilderness.
I
saw
your
ancestors
like
they
were
the
first
fruit
on
a
fig
tree,
but
as
soon
as
they
came
to
Baal-peor,
they
consecrated
themselves
to shamefulness,
and
became
as
abominable
as
the
object
of
their
love.
Ephraim –
like
a
bird
his
glory
flies
away.
There
will
be
no
more
birth,
no
more motherhood,
no
more
conception.
Even
though
they
bring
up
their
children,
I
will
bereave
them
until
not
one
is
left.
Woe
to
them
when
I
turn
away
from
them!
Ephraim –
planted
like
Tyre
in
a
meadow
9.13
Heb. uncertain. LXX: as I have seen, his sons are destined to be a prey,
But
Ephraim
too
must
lead
forth
their
children
to
slaughter.
Give
them,
Lord –
what
will
you
give?
Give
them
a
miscarrying
womb
and shrivelled
up
breasts!
All
their
evil
began
in
Gilgal,
there
I
learned
to
hate
them.
Because
of
the
evil
of
their
deeds
I
will
drive
them
out
of
my
house.
I
will
no
longer
love
them,
for
all
their
princes
are
rebels.
Ephraim
is blighted,
their
root
withered.
If
they
do
bear
children,
I
will
slay
the darlings
of
their
womb,
My
God
will
reject
them
because
they
have
not
listened
to
him,
and
they
will
become
wanderers
among
the
nations.
A
luxuriant
vine
is
Israel.
He
bore
fruit lavishly.
In
proportion
to
the
increase
of
his
fruit
he
increased
altars
to
idols.
In
proportion
to
the
beauty
of
his
land
he
made
beautiful
the
sacred
pillars.
Their
heart
is
false,
now
they
must
be
punished.
God
himself
will
break
the
necks
of
their
altars,
he
will
destroy
their
sacred
pillars.
Yes,
soon
they
will
be
saying,
“We
have
no
king,
for
we
have
not
revered
the
Lord,
and
a
king,
what
could
he
do
for
us anyway?”
Speaking
words, perjuring
themselves,
making agreements,
and litigation
springs
up
like
a
poisonous weed
in
a
plowed
field.
The
inhabitants
of
Samaria
will
tremble
with
fear
for
their
calf
of
Beth-aven.
Its
people
will
mourn
over
it,
and
so
will
its
priests,
who
had
rejoiced
for
its
glory,
now
departed
from
it.
It
will
be
carried
off
to
Assyria
as
a
present
to
the patron
king.
Disgrace
will
Ephraim
bear
and
Israel
will
be
ashamed
of
its
idol.
As
for
Samaria,
her
king
will
disappear,
like
foam
on
the
face
of
the
waters.
And
the
high
places
of
Aven
will
be
destroyed,
the
shrines
of
Israel’s
sin,
thorns
and
thistles
will
grow
on
their
altars,
and
they
will
say
to
the
mountains, “Cover
us,”
and
to
the
hills, “Fall
upon
us.”
What
a
nation
sows,
it
will
reap
From
the
time
of
Gibeah,
Israel
has
sinned.
There
they
took
their
stand.
Will
not
war
overtake
them
in
Gibeah
because
of
the
wicked?
When
I
please,
I
will
punish
them.
Nations
will
gather
against
them
to
chain
them
for
their
double
crimes.
Ephraim
indeed
was
a
trained
heifer
that
loved
to
thresh
grain,
and
I
myself
laid
a
yoke
upon
his
fair
neck
10.11
Heb. uncertain.,
I
made
Ephraim
draw
and
Judah
must
plow,
Jacob
must
turn
the
soil
for
himself.
Sow
for
yourselves
righteousness,
reap
the
fruits
of
love.
Break
up
your
fallow
ground,
for
it
is
time
to
seek
the
Lord,
so
righteousness
may
come
to
you
10.12
Heb. uncertain.
But
you
have
plowed
wickedness,
iniquity
have
you
reaped.
You
have
eaten
the
fruit
of
lies.
Because
you
have
trusted
in
your
own
path
10.13
LXX: chariots,
in
the
multitude
of
your
warriors,
the
alarm
of
war
will
sound
in
your
cities
and
all
your
fortresses
will
be
ruined,
as
Shalman
laid
in
ruins
Beth-arbel
in
the
day
of
battle,
when
mothers
were
dashed
to
pieces
over
their
children.
Thus
will
I
do
to
you,
Bethel,
because
of
the enormity
of
your
wickedness.
When
dawn
breaks,
so
will
the
king
of
Israel
be
broken.
The Lord’s love for his faithless people
When
Israel
was
young,
then
I
began
to
love
him,
and
out
of
Egypt
I
called
my
son.
The
more
I
called
them,
the
further
they
went
away
from
me.
They
kept
sacrificing
to
Baals
and
making
offerings
to
idols.
Yet
it
was
I
who
taught
Ephraim
to
walk,
taking
them
up
in
my
arms,
but
they
did
not
know
that
I
healed
them.
With humane
cords
I
ever
drew
them,
with
bands
of
love.
I
was
to
them
as
one
who
lifts
up
the
yoke
from
off
their
jaws,
and
bending
toward
them,
I
gave
them
food
to
eat.
No!
They
return
to
the
land
of
Egypt,
Assyria
will
be
their
king,
for
they
have
refused
to
return
to
me.
Therefore
the
swords
will
whirl
in
their
cities,
will
devour
in
their
fortresses
11.6
Heb. uncertain.
For
my
people
are
bent
in
rebellion
against
me,
even
if
they
call
on
the
Most
High
he
will
not
raise
them
11.7
Heb. uncertain..
How
can
I
give
you
up,
Ephraim!
Give
you
over,
Israel!
How
am
I
to
give
you
up
as
Admah!
Make
you
like
Zeboim!
My
heart
asserts
itself,
my sympathies
are
all aglow.
I
will
not
carry
into
effect
the
fierceness
of
my
anger,
I
will
not
turn
to
destroy
Ephraim,
for
God
am
I,
and
not
man,
holy
in
the
midst
of
you,
therefore
I
will
not
consume.
They
will
follow
after
the
Lord.
Like
a
lion
he
will
roar,
and
when
he
roars
his
children
will
come
trembling
from
the
west.
They
will
come
trembling
like
the
birds
from
Egypt,
like
doves
from
the
land
of
Assyria.
And
I
will
bring
them
back
to
their
houses,
–
declares
the
Lord.
Israel’s
faithlessness
from
the
first
Ephraim
has
encompassed
me
with
falsehood,
and
the
house
of
Israel
with
deceit.
But
Judah
still
wanders
with
God
faithful
to
the
Holy
One
11.12
Heb. uncertain. Or “Judah is still restless against God”.
Ephraim
herds
the
wind
and
hunts
the sirocco.
All
day
long
they
heap
up
falsehood
and
fraud,
make
a
treaty
with
Assyria,
and
sends
tribute
of
olive
oil
to
Egypt.
The
Lord
has
a
charge
to
bring
against
Israel,
to
punish
Jacob
for
his
acts,
according
to
his
deeds
will
he
requite
him,
In
the
womb
he
supplanted
his
brother,
in
manhood
he
wrestled
with
God,
He
wrestled
with
the
angel
and
prevailed,
he
wept
and
sought
his
blessing.
At
Bethel
the
Lord
found
him,
and
there
he
spoke
with
us.
And
the
Lord
is
the
God
of
hosts,
the
Lord
is
his
name!
So
now,
by
the
help
of
your
God,
return.
Keep
true
love
and
justice.
Trust
in
your
God
without
ceasing.
A
merchant
uses
false
scales:
They
love
to
defraud.
Ephraim
says, “Yes,
I
have
become
rich,
I
have
secured
wealth
for
myself.
But
despite
my
gains
no
one
will
find
a
crime
I
can
be convicted
of!”
I
am
the
Lord
your
God,
ever
since
the
land
of
Egypt.
I
will
make
you
again
dwell
in
tents,
as
in
days
of
old.
I
spoke
continually
by
the
prophets.
It
was
I
who
multiplied
visions,
and
spoke
in
parables
through
the
prophets.
In
Gilead
is
iniquity,
they
will
come
to
nothing.
In
Gilgal
they
sacrifice
bulls,
so
their
altars
will
be
as
stone
heaps,
among
the
furrows
of
the
field.
And
Jacob
fled
to
the
territory
of
Aram,
and
Israel
worked
to earn
a
wife:
for
a
wife
he herded
sheep.
The
Lord
brought
Israel
up
from
Egypt
by
a
prophet,
and
by
a
prophet
Israel
was
guarded.
Ephraim
has
given
bitter
provocation.
His
Lord
will
leave
upon
him
his
guilt
of
bloodshed,
and
for
his
contempt
he
will
repay
him.
The Lord’s final destruction of the guilty nation
When
Ephraim
used
to
speak
there
was
trembling;
a
prince
was
he
in
Israel.
But
he
incurred
guilt
through
Baal
and
died.
And
now
they
go
on
sinning.
They
make
for
themselves
molten
gods –
idols
of
silver,
skillfully
made,
wholly
the
work
of
smiths.
Yet
to
such
they
sacrifice!
And
they
who
sacrifice
kiss
calf
idols
13.2
Heb. uncertain!
Therefore
they
shall
be
like
the
morning
mist,
like
the
dew
that
early
disappears,
like
the
chaff
which
blows
away
from
the
threshing
floor,
like
the
smoke
from
the
window.
Yet
it
was
I,
the
Lord
your
God,
ever
since
the
land
of
Egypt,
you
know
no
other
god
but
me,
nor
has
there
been
any
savior
except
me.
It
was
I
who
shepherded
you
in
the
wilderness,
in
the
land
of
burning
heat.
When
they
were
pastured
they
became
full,
when
they
were
full
their
hearts
became
proud.
Therefore
they
forgot
me!
So
now
I
will
be
to
them
like
a
lion,
like
a
leopard
will
I
lay
in
wait
by
the
path.
I
will
fall
upon
them
like
a
bear
robbed
of
her
cubs,
I
will
tear
open
their
chests,
like
a
lion
will
devour
them,
and
like
a
wild
beast
will
tear
them
in
pieces.
You
are
destroyed,
Israel,
by
me,
your
only
helper.
I
want
to
rule
you!
Where
are
your
princes
in
your
cities,
those
of
whom
you
demanded,
“Give
me
kings
and
princes.”
I
give
you
kings
in
my
anger,
and
take
them
away
in
my
wrath.
Ephrahn’s
iniquity
is
gathered
up,
his
sin
is
laid
by
in
store.
The
pangs
of
childbirth
come
upon
him,
but
he
is
an
unwise
child.
For
this
is
no
time
to
refuse
to
leave
the
womb!
Should
I
deliver
them
from
the
power
of
Sheol?
Should
I
redeem
them
from
death?
Death,
where
are
your
plagues?
Sheol,
where
is
your
pestilence?
Compassion
is
forever
hidden
from
my
eyes.
Though
he
is
flourishing
among
his
brothers
13.15
Or: in the midst of the reeds,
there
will
come
an
east
wind,
the
Lord’s
wind,
coming
up
from
the
wilderness.
His
fountain
will
dry
up,
his
spring
shall
be
parched.
The
wind
will
strip
the
treasury,
all
the
precious
things.
Samaria
will
bear
her
guilt,
for
she
has
rebelled
against
her
God.
They
will
fall
by
the
sword,
their
children
dashed
to
pieces,
their
pregnant
women
ripped
open.
Words of exhortation and promise
Return,
Israel,
to
the
Lord
your
God,
for
you
have
stumbled
in
your
iniquity.
Take
words
of
repentance
with
you,
and
return
to
the
Lord
your
God.
Say
to
him:
Wholly
pardon
our
iniquity,
accept
that
which
is
good,
instead
of
sacrificing
bulls,
we
offer
our
praise.
Assyria
will
not
save
us,
nor
Egyptian
warhorses,
and
we
will
no
more
call
the
work
of
our
hands
our
gods.
For
in
you
orphan
Israel
finds
mercy.
“I
will
heal
their
apostasy,
I
will
love
them
freely,
now
that
my
anger
is
turned
away
from
them,
I
will
be
as
dew
to
Israel.
He
will
blossom
like
the
lily,
he
will
plant
his
roots
like
the
cedars
of
Lebanon,
his saplings
will
spread
out,
his
beauty
will
be
like
that
of
the
olive
tree,
his
fragrance
like
the
cedars
of
Lebanon.
People
will
return
and
dwell
in
my
shade,
they
will
bring
life
to
new
grain.
They
shall
sprout
like
the
vine,
and
their
renown
will
be
like
that
of
the
wine
of
Lebanon.
Ephraim –
what
have
I
to
do
with
idols!
It
is
I
the
Lord
who
respond
to
him
and
look
after
him.
I
am
like
an evergreen
cypress,
from
me
is
your
fruit
found.
Whoever
is
wise,
let
him
discern
these
things,
prudent,
let
him
perceive
them;
For
the
Lord’s
ways
are
straight,
and
the
righteous
walk
in
them,
but
the
wicked
stumble
in
them.
Open English Bible
Joel
Joel
Joel
Joel
The
Lord’s
message
that
came
to
Joel,
son
of
Pethuel.
Locust
plague
and
drought
Hear
this,
elders,
pay
attention,
all
inhabitants
of
the
land.
Has
anything
like
this
happened
in
your
days,
or
in
the
days
of
your
ancestors?
Recount
it
to
your
children;
let
your
children
tell
it
to
their
children,
and
their
children
to
the
generation
that
follows.
That
which
the
cutting
locust
has
left,
the
swarming
locust
has
eaten,
that
which
the
swarming
locust
has
left,
the hopping
locust
has
eaten,
and
that
which
the hopping
locust
has
left,
the
destroying
locust
has
eaten.
Awake,
drunkards,
and
weep,
and
wail,
all
drinkers
of
wine;
the
new
wine
is
cut
off
from
your
mouth.
For
a
nation
has
come
up
on
my
land,
powerful,
and numberless;
its
teeth
are
the
teeth
of
a
lion,
and
its jaw-teeth
are
like
those
of
a
lioness.
It
has
laid
waste
my
vines,
and
barked
my
fig
tree;
it
has
peeled
and
cast
it
away,
bleached
are
the
branches.
Wail
as
a
bride,
clad
in sack-cloth,
for
the
husband
of
her
youth.
Cut
off
are
the cereal
and drink-offerings
from
the
house
of
the
Lord;
in
mourning
are
the
priests,
who
minister
at
the
Lord’s
altar.
The
fields
are
blasted,
the
land
is
in
mourning,
for
ruined
is
the
grain,
the
new
wine
fails
and
the
oil
is
dried
up.
Be
dismayed,
farmers;
wail, vine-dressers.
For
the
wheat
and
the
barley;
for
the
harvest
is
lost
from
the
fields.
The
vine
fails
to
bear
fruit,
and
the
fig
tree
is drooping;
the
pomegranate,
palm,
and
apple,
all
the
trees
of
the
field
are
dried
up.
The
people’s
joy
withers.
Put
on
sackcloth,
and
beat
your
breasts,
priests;
wail,
ministers
of
the
altar;
come,
lie
all
night
in sack-cloth,
ministers
of
God;
for cereal-offering
and drink-offering
are
cut
off
from
the
house
of
your
God.
Sanctify
a
fast,
summon
an
assembly,
gather
the
elders
and
all
the
inhabitants
of
the
land
into
the
house
of
the
Lord
your
God,
cry
to
the
Lord:
Alas
for
the
day!
Near
at
hand
is
the
day
of
the
Lord,
and
as
destruction
from
the
Almighty
it
comes.
Is
not
food
cut
off
from
before
us,
gladness
and
joy
from
the
house
of
our
God?
The
grains
shrivel
under
their
hoes,
the
storehouses
are
desolate,
the
barns
broken
down,
for
the
grain
is
withered.
How
the
herds
of
cattle
bellow
in
distress,
for
they
have
no
pasture!
The
flocks
of
sheep
are
forlorn.
To
you,
the
Lord,
I
cry.
For
fire
has
devoured
the
pastures
of
the
wilderness,
and
flame
has
scorched
all
the
trees
of
the
field.
The
wild
animals
also
look
up
to
you
longingly,
for
the water-courses
are
dried
up,
and
fire
has
devoured
the
pastures
of
the
wilderness.
Blow
a
horn
in
Zion,
sound
an
alarm
in
my
holy
mountain,
let
all
the
inhabitants
of
the
land
tremble,
for
the
day
of
the
Lord
comes,
for
near
is
the
day
of
darkness
and
gloom,
the
day
of
cloud
and
thick
darkness!
Like
the
light
of
dawn
scattered
over
the
mountains,
a
people
great
and
powerful;
its
like
has
not
been
from
of
old,
neither
will
be
any
more
after
it,
even
to
the
years
of
coming
ages.
Before
them
the
fire
devours,
and
behind
them
a
flame
burns;
like
the
garden
of
Eden
is
the
land
before
them,
and
after
them
it
is
a
desolate
desert,
nothing
escapes
them.
Their
appearance
is
as
the
appearance
of
horses,
and
like
horsemen
they
charge.
Like
the
sound
of
chariots
on
the
tops
of
the
mountains
they
leap,
like
the crackle
of
flames
devouring
stubble,
like
a
mighty
people
preparing
for
battle.
Peoples
are
in
anguish
before
them,
all
faces
grow
pale.
Like
mighty
men
they
run,
like
warriors
they
mount
up
a
wall,
they
march
each
by
himself,
they
break
not
their
ranks,
none jostles
the
other.
They
march
each
in
his
path.
They
fall
upon
the
weapons
without
breaking.
They
scour
the
city,
they
run
on
the
wall.
They
climb
up
into
the
houses.
Like
a
thief
they
enter
the
windows.
Earth
trembles
before
them,
the
sky
quakes,
the
sun
and
moon
become
dark,
and
the
stars
withdraw
their
shining;
and
the
Lord
utters
his
voice
before
his
army,
for
his
host
is
exceedingly
great.
Mighty
is
he
who
performs
his
word.
For
great
is
the
day
of
the
Lord,
it
is
terrible,
who
can
endure
it?
But
now
this
is
the
message
of
the
Lord:
Turn
to
me
with
all
your
heart,
and
with
fasting
and
weeping
and
mourning,
rend
your
hearts
and
not
your
garments,
and
turn
to
the
Lord
your
God;
for
he
indeed
is
gracious
and
merciful,
slow
to
anger
and
plenteous
in
love,
and
relents
of
the
evil.
Who
knows
but
he
will
turn
and
relent,
and
leave
a
blessing
behind
him,
a cereal
and drink-offering
for
the
Lord
your
God.
Blow
a
horn
in
Zion,
sanctify
a
fast,
summon
an
assembly,
gather
the
people,
make
holy
the
congregation,
assemble
the
elders,
gather
the
children,
and
the
infants
at
the
breast.
Let
the
bridegroom
come
forth
from
his
chamber,
and
the
bride
from
her
bridal
tent.
Between
the
porch
and
the
altar,
let
the
priests,
the
ministers
of
the
Lord
weep
aloud,
let
them
say:
Spare,
the
Lord,
your
people.
Make
not
your
heritage
an
object
of
reproach,
for
the
heathen
to
mock
them.
Why
should
it
be
said
among
the
nations, ‘Where
is
their
God?’
Future
blessings
Then
the
Lord
became
deeply
concerned
for
his
land,
and
took
pity
upon
his
people,
and
the
Lord
answered
and
said
to
his
people:
I
will
send
you
grain,
wine,
and
oil.
You
will
be
satisfied.
I
will
not
make
you
again
an
object
of
scorn
among
the
nations,
I
will
remove
far
from
you
the
northern
foe,
and
I
will
drive
it
into
a
land
barren
and
desolate,
its
front
into
the
eastern
sea,
and
its
rear
to
the
western
sea.
And
from
it
a
stench
will
arise.
He
has
done
great
things!
Fear
not,
land,
exult.
Rejoice
for
the
Lord
has
done
great
things!
Fear
not,
animals
of
the
field.
For
the
pastures
of
the
wilderness
are
putting
forth
new
grass,
for
the
trees
bear
their
fruit,
fig
tree
and
vine
yield
full
harvest.
Be
glad,
then,
children
of
Zion,
and
rejoice
in
the
Lord
your
God,
for
he
has
given
you
the
early
rain
in
just
measure,
and
poured
down
upon
you
the
winter
rain,
and
sent
the
latter
rain
as
before.
The
threshing
floors
will
be
full
of
grain,
and
the
vats
will
overflow
with
new
wine
and
oil.
I
will
repay
you
for
the
years
which
the
swarming
locust
has
eaten.
The hopping,
the
destroying,
and
the
cutting
locusts,
my
great
army
which
I
sent
among
you,
and
my
people
will
never
again
be
put
to
shame.
You
will
eat
your
food
and
be
satisfied,
and
praise
the
name
of
the
Lord
your
God,
who
has
dealt
so
wonderfully
by
you,
and
you
will
know
that
I
am
in
the
midst
of
Israel,
that
I
am
the
Lord
your
God
and
none
else,
and
my
people
will
never
again
be
put
to
shame.
Afterwards,
I
will
pour
out
my
spirit
on
everyone.
Your
sons
and
your
daughters
will
prophesy,
your
old
men
will
dream
dreams.
Your
young
men
will
see
visions,
and
even
on
your
male
and
female
slaves
in
those
days,
I
will
pour
out
my
spirit.
And
I
will
show
signs
in
the
sky
and
on
earth:
Blood
and
fire
and
pillars
of
smoke.
The
sun
will
be
turned
into
darkness,
and
the
moon
into
blood
before
the
coming
of
the
great
and
terrible
day
of
the
Lord.
But
whoever
will
call
upon
the
name
of
the
Lord
will
be
saved.
For
in
Mount
Zion
and
in
Jerusalem
there
will
be
those
who
escape,
even
as
the
Lord
has
said,
and
among
the
fugitives
those
whom
the
Lord
calls.
For,
in
those
days
and
in
that
time,
when
I
bring
back
again
the
captivity
of
Judah
and
Jerusalem,
I
will
also
gather
all
the
nations
and
bring
them
down
into
the
Valley
of
Jehoshaphat,
and
there
I
will
enter
into
judgment
with
them
for
my
people
and
my
heritage
Israel,
whom
they
have
scattered
among
the
nations,
and
divided
my
land.
They
have
cast
lots
for
my
people.
They
have
traded
boys
for
prostitutes,
and
sold
girls
for
wine,
and
drunk
it.
What
are
you
to
me,
Tyre
and
Sidon
and
all
the
districts
of
Philistia?
Were
you repaying
any
deed
of
mine,
or
were
you
doing
something
for
me?
Quickly
will
I
return
your
deed
upon
your
heads.
You
who
have
taken
my
silver
and
my
gold,
and
you
have
brought
my
goodly
jewels
into
your
palaces,
you
have
sold
the
people
of
Judah
and
of
Jerusalem
to
the
Greeks,
so
that
you
might
remove
them
far
from
their
own
borders.
I
am
about
to
stir
them
up
from
the
place
to
which
you
have
sold
them,
and
I
will
turn
your
deeds
upon
your
own
head.
I
will
sell
your
sons
and
your
daughters
into
the
hands
of
the
people
of
Judah,
and
they
will
sell
them
to
the
Sabeans,
to
a
nation
far
off,
for
the
Lord
has
spoken.
Proclaim
this
among
the
nations,
sanctify
war.
Arouse
the
warriors,
let
all
the
fighting
men
muster
and
go
up.
Beat
your ploughshares
into
swords,
and
your pruning-hooks
into
lances;
let
the
weak
say,
I,
indeed,
am
strong.
Bestir
yourselves
and
come,
all
you
nations
round
about.
Quickly
gather
yourselves
together,
ask
the
Lord
to
bring
his
warriors.
Let
the
nations
rouse
themselves
and
come
up
to
the
Valley
of
Jehoshaphat,
for
there
will
I
sit
to
judge
all
the
surrounding
nations.
Put
in
the
sickle,
for
the
harvest
is
ripe;
go
in,
tread,
for
the
wine
press
is
full.
The
vats
overflow,
for
great
is
their
wickedness.
Noisy
multitudes,
noisy
multitudes
in
the
valley
of
decision.
For
near
is
the
Lord’s
day
in
the
valley
of
decision!
Sun
and
moon
have
turned
dark,
and
the
stars
withdrawn
their
shining.
Whenever
the
Lord
roars
from
Zion
and
utters
his
voice
from
Jerusalem,
earth
and
sky
quake;
but
the
Lord
is
a
refuge
to
his
people,
and
a
fortress
to
the
people
of
Israel.
And
you
will
know
that
I
am
the
Lord
your
God,
I
who
dwells
in
Zion,
my
holy
mountain,
and
Jerusalem
will
be
holy,
and
strangers
will
not
pass
through
her
any
more.
In
that
day,
the
mountains
will
drop
sweet
wine,
the
hills
will
flow
with
milk,
all
the
channels
of
Judah
will
flow
with
water,
a
fountain
will
spring
from
the
house
of
Judah,
and
will
water
the
Valley
of
Shittim.
Egypt
will
become
a
desolation,
and
Edom
a
wilderness,
because
of
the
violence
done
to
the
people
of
Judah,
because
they
shed
innocent
blood
in
their
land,
Judah
will
remain
inhabited
forever,
and
Jerusalem
from
generation
to
generation.
I
will
avenge
their
blood
which
I
have
not
yet
avenged.
The
Lord
lives
in
Zion!
Open English Bible
Amos
Amos
Amos
Amos
The
message
of
Amos,
one
of
the
sheep breeders
of
Tekoa,
which
he
saw
concerning
Israel
in
the
reign
of
King
Uzziah
of
Judah,
and
in
the
reign
of
Jeroboam
the
son
of
King
Joash
of
Israel,
two
years
before
the
earthquake.
Amos
said:
Whenever
the
Lord
roars
from
Zion,
and
utters
his
voice
from
Jerusalem,
the
pastures
of
the
shepherds
dry
up,
the
top
of
Carmel
becomes arid.
God’s
Judgment
on
Israel’s
Neighbors
The
Lord
says:
For Damascus’
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
have
threshed
Gilead
with
threshing
instruments
of
iron.
Therefore
I
will
send
fire
on
Hazael’s
house,
it
will
devour
the
palaces
of
Ben-hadad.
I
will
break
open
the
gate
of
Damascus,
I
will
wipe
out
those
who
live
in
the
valley
of
Aven
and
the sceptered
ruler
of
Beth-Eden.
The
people
of
Aram
will
go
into
captivity
in
Kir,
says
the
Lord.
The
Lord
says:
For
Gaza’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
carried
away
captive
a
whole
nation,
sold
them
as
slaves
to
Edom.
Therefore
I
will
send
fire
on
the
wall
of
Gaza,
and
it
shall
devour
her
palaces.
And
I
will
wipe
out
those
who
live
in
Ashdod,
and
the sceptered
ruler
of
Askelon.
I
will
turn
my
hand
against
Ekron,
and
the
remnant
of
the
Philistines
will
perish,
says
the
Lord.
The
Lord
says:
For Tyre’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
carried
away
captive
a
whole
people
into
exile
in
Edom,
and
did
not
remember
the
brotherly
covenant.
So
I
will
send
fire
on
the
walls
of
Tyre.
It
will
devour
her
palaces.
The
Lord
says:
For
Edom’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
pursued
their
relatives
with
the
sword,
stilled
their
pity,
cherished
their
anger
continually,
retained
their
fury
forever.
So
I
will
send
a
fire
into
Teman.
It
will
destroy
the
palaces
of
Bozrah.
The
Lord
says:
For Ammonites’
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
have
ripped
open
pregnant
women
in
Gilead,
in
their
lust
for
land.
So
I
will
kindle
a
fire
on
the
wall
of
Rabbah.
It
will
destroy
her
palaces,
with
a war-cry
in
the
day
of
battle,
with
a
tempest
in
the
day
of
the
whirlwind.
Their
king
will
go
into
exile,
he
and
his
nobles
together,
says
the
Lord.
The
Lord
says:
For
Moab’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
have
burned
to
lime
the
bones
of
the
king
of
Edom,
to
desecrate
the
dead.
So
I
will
send
a
fire
into
Moab.
It
will
devour
the
palaces
of Kirioth,
with
a war-cry,
with
the
sound
of
trumpets.
I
will
kill
the
ruler,
all
his
nobles
I
will
slay
with
him,
says
the
Lord.
The
Lord
says:
For
Judah’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
have
rejected
the
law
of
the
Lord
and
have
not
kept
his
statutes.
Instead
their
false
gods
their
ancestors
followed,
have
led
them
astray.
So
I
will
send
a
fire
on
Judah.
It
will
devour
the
palaces
of
Jerusalem.
God’s
Judgment
on
Israel
The
Lord
says:
For
Israel’s
three
crimes –
no,
four! –
I
will
not rescind
my
judgment.
They
sell
the
righteous
for
money,
the
needy
for
a
pair
of
shoes.
They
trample
on
the
head
of
the
poor,
push
the
humble
out
of
the
way.
Father
and
son
go
to
the
same
temple
girl,
and
so
profane
my
holy
name.
They
stretch
themselves
on
garments
taken
in
pledges
beside
every
altar,
and
they
drink
the
wine
of
those
who
have
been
fined
in
the
house
of
their
God.
It
was
I
who
destroyed
the
Amorites
for
your
sake,
whose
height
was
like
that
of
the
cedars,
as
strong
as
oaks.
I
destroyed
their
fruit
from
above
and
their
roots
from
below.
It
was
I
who
brought
you
up
from
the
land
of
Egypt,
led
you
forty
years
in
the
wilderness,
brought
you
here
to
possess
the
land
of
the
Amorites.
I
raised
up
some
of
your
sons
to
be
prophets
some
of
your
youths
to
be
Nazirites.
Is
not
this
indeed
so,
Israelites?
says
the
Lord.
But
you
made
the
Nazirites
drink
wine
and
banned
the
prophets
from
prophesying.
Listen!
It
is
I
who
will
make
you
groan
in
your
places,
as
a
wagon
groans
under
its
load
of
grain.
Then
flight
will
fail
the
swift,
and
the
strength
of
the
strongest
will
be
useless.
The
warrior
will
not
save
his
life,
the
archer
will
not
stand
firm,
the
swift
of
foot
will
not
escape,
the
horseman
will
not
save
his
life.
The
bravest
of
warriors
will
flee
away
naked
in
that
day,
says
the
Lord.
A Warning to Israel
Listen
to
this
message,
Israelites,
which
the
Lord
has
spoken
against
you,
against
the
whole
nation
that
I
brought
out
of
Egypt:
You
alone
have
I
cared
for
of
all
the
nations
of
the
world,
this
is
why
I
will
punish
you
for
your
crimes.
Do
two
walk
together
unless
they
agreed
to
meet?
Does
a
lion
roar
in
the
forest
when
there
is
no
prey
for
him?
Does
a
young
lion
cry
out
in
his
den
unless
he
has
caught
something?
Does
a
bird
swoop
down
into
a
trap
if
no
bait
is
set
for
it?
Does
a
trap
spring
up
from
the
ground
if
nothing
sets
it
off?
Can
a
trumpet
be
blown
in
a
city
and
the
people
not
tremble?
Can
disaster
strike
a
city
and
the
Lord
not
have
caused
it?
Surely
the
Lord
God
does
nothing
without
revealing
his
purpose
to
his
servants
the
prophets.
The
lion
has
roared;
who
does
not
fear?
The
Lord
God
has
spoken;
who
will
not
prophesy?
Proclaim
over
the
palaces
in
Ashdod,
and
over
the
palaces
in
the
land
of
Egypt:
Gather
upon
the
mountain
of
Samaria,
and
see
the
violent
turmoil,
the
acts
of
oppression
in
her
midst.
For
they
do
not
know
how
to
do
right.
They
are heaping
up
violence
and
oppression
in
their
palaces,
says
the
Lord.
Therefore
the
Lord
God
says:
An
enemy
will
surround
the
land,
he
will
strip
your
strength
from
you.
and
your
palaces
will
be
looted.
The
Lord
says:
Just
as
a
shepherd
rescues
from
the
jaws
of
a
lion
two shinbones
or
a
piece
of
an
ear,
so
the
Israelites
living
in Sameria
will
be
rescued –
with
the
corner
of
a
couch,
and
the damask
of
a divan!
Listen
and
testify
against
the
house
of
Jacob,
says
the
Lord
God,
the
God
of
hosts.
On
the
day
when
I
punish
Israel
for
their
crimes,
I
will
also
visit
in
judgment
the
altars
of
Bethel,
the
horns
of
the
altar
will
be
hacked
off,
and
they
will
fall
to
the
ground.
I
will
destroy
the
winter
houses
together
with
the
summer
houses
and
the
houses
of
ivory
will
perish.
Many
great
houses
will
be
swept
away,
says
the
Lord.
Listen
to
this
message,
women
of Sameria,
you
well-fed
cows
of
Bashan,
who
oppress
the
poor
and
crush
the
needy,
who
say
to
your
husbands, “Bring
us
another
drink!”
The
Lord
God
has
sworn
by
his
holiness:
The
time
is
coming
when
you
will
be
carried
away
in
baskets,
your
children
carried
away
in fish-baskets,
and
through
the
breaches
in
the
city
wall
you
will
go,
thrown
out
on
the garbage
dump,
says
the
Lord.
Come
to
Bethel
and
transgress,
at Gilgald
increase
your
transgression.
Bring
your
sacrifices
in
the
morning,
every
third
day
your
tithes!
Burn
some
leavened
bread
as
a thank-offering,
proclaim
aloud
your
voluntary
offerings,
for
you
love
to
do
this,
Israelites!
says
the
Lord
God.
But
it
was
I
who
gave
to
you
empty
stomachs
in
all
your
cities,
and
lack
of
bread
in
all
your
towns,
yet
you
have
not
returned
to
me,
says
the
Lord.
It
was
I
who
withheld
from
you
the
rain,
sending
rain
on
one
city,
while
on
another
I
allowed
no
rain.
One
field
received
rain,
while
a
field
without
rain
withered.
People
from
two
or
three
cities
ranged
as
far
as
another
city
for
drinking
water,
and
still
they
did
not
have
enough,
yet
you
did
not
return
to
me,
says
the
Lord.
I
struck
you
with
blight
and
mildew,
I
laid
waste
your
gardens
and
vineyards.
The
swarming
locust
devoured
your
fig
and
your
olive
trees,
yet
you
did
not
return
to
me,
says
the
Lord.
I
sent
plague
among
you
like
the
plagues
of
Egypt,
I
slew
your
youths
with
the
sword,
your
horses
raided
away,
I
caused
the
stench
of
your
camps
to
rise
in
your
nostrils,
yet
you
did
not
return
to
me,
says
the
Lord.
I
wrought
a
destruction
among
you,
as
God
destroyed
Sodom
and
Gomorrah.
You
were
like
a
stick
snatched
from
the
fire,
yet
you
did
not
return
to
me,
says
the
Lord.
Therefore
this
is
what
I
will
do
to
you,
Israel,
and
because
I
am
about
to
do
this
to
you,
prepare
to
meet
your
God,
Israel.
He
is
here!
He
who
forms
the
mountains,
creates
the
wind,
declares
to
his
thoughts
to
mortals,
makes
dawn
and
darkness,
treads
upon
the
heights
of
the
earth,
the
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts,
is
his
name!
A Funeral Song for Israel
Listen
to
the
words
of
the funeral
song
I
am
singing
for
you,
Israel:
Fallen,
no
more
to
rise,
is
the
virgin
Israel!
Hurled
down
upon
her
own
soil
she
lies,
with
no
one
to
lift
her
up!
For
the
Lord
God
says
this:
The
city
that
marches
out
with
a
thousand
soldiers
has
only
a
hundred
left,
and
the
one
that
marches
out
with
a
hundred
has
only
ten
left.
For
the
Lord
says
this
to
Israel:
Seek
me
and
live,
But
do
not
seek
Bethel,
do
not
enter
Gilgal,
do
not
go
over
to
Beer-sheba.
For
Gilgal
will
enter
exile,
and
Bethel
will
go
to
destruction.
Seek
the
Lord
and
live,
or
he
will
cast
fire
on
the
house
of
Joseph,
and
it
will
devour
and
there
will
be
no
one
to
quench
it
for
Bethel.
You
who
turn
judgment
to
bitter
wormwood,
and
cast
righteousness
into
the
dirt:
He
who
made
the
Pleiades
and
Orion,
who
turns
deep
darkness
into
dawn,
who
darkens
day
again
into
night,
who
summons
the
waters
of
the
sea,
and
pours
them
out
on
the
earth’s
surface,
the
Lord
is
his
name!
He
causes
destruction
to
burst
over
the
strong.
He
brings
devastation
on
the
fortress.
You
who
hate
the arbiters
at
the
city
gate,
and
abhor
anyone
who
speaks
the
truth:
Because
you
trample
on
the
weak,
and
tax
their
grain,
although
you
have
built
houses
of
hewn
stone,
you
will
not
live
in
them,
although
you
have
planted
charming
vineyards,
you
will
not
drink
their
wine.
For
I
know
how
many
are
your
crimes,
and
how
great
are
your
sins!
You
persecutors
of
the
righteous, takers
of
bribes!
You
deny
the
poor
their
justice
at
the
city
gate.
It
would
be
wise
to
keep
quiet
in
such
an
evil
time.
Seek
good
and
not
evil,
that
you
may
live,
so
the
Lord,
God
of
hosts,
may
be
with
you,
as
you
have
claimed
he
is.
Hate
evil
and
love
good,
establish
justice
at
the
city
gate.
Perhaps
the
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts,
will
be
gracious
to
a
surviving
remnant
of
Joseph.
Therefore
the
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts,
says:
In
all
the
public
squares
there
will
be
wailing,
in
every
street
the
sound
of
mourning.
They
will
summon
the
farmers
to
mourning,
and
professional
mourners
to
wailing.
In
all
vineyards
there
will
be
lamenting,
when
I
pass
through
your
midst,
says
the
Lord.
Fools
who
long
for
the
day
of
the
Lord!
What
does
the
day
of
the
Lord
mean
to
you?
It
is
darkness,
and
not
light.
It
is
as
when
one
flees
from
a
lion,
and
is
attacked
by
a
bear,
as
when
one
reaches
home,
leans
his
hand
on
the
wall,
and
a
snake
bites
him.
Won’t
the
Lord’s
day
be
darkness
and
not
light,
murky
darkness
without
a ray
of
light
in
it?
I
hate,
I
despise
your
feasts,
I
will
not
smell
the savor
of
your
festivals,
I
will
not
be
pleased
with
your
burnt
offerings,
your
grain
offerings,
I
will
not
accept
the
peace
offerings
of
your
fattened
calves.
Spare
me
the
noise
of
your
songs,
I
will
not
listen
to
the
melody
of
your
lyres.
But
let
justice
roll
on
as
a
flood
of
waters,
and
righteousness
like
an unfailing
stream.
Was
it
only
sacrifices
and
grain
offerings
you
brought
me
during
the
forty
years
in
the
wilderness,
Israel?
But
now
you
will
lift
up
your “king”
Sikkuth
and “star
god”
Kiyyun,
your
idols
which
you
have
made
for
yourselves,
as
I
drive
you
into
exile
beyond
Damascus,
says
the
Lord,
whose
name
is
the
God
of
hosts.
The Destruction of Israel
Sorrow
awaits
who
are
carefree
in
Zion,
overconfident
on
the
mountain
of
Samaria!
The
elite
of
this,
the
best
of
nations,
on
whom
the
people
of
Israel
rest
their
hopes!
You
say
to
the
people:
Cross
over
to
Calneh
and
see,
go
from
there
to
Hamath
the
great,
then
go
down
to
Gath
of
the
Philistines:
Are
they
better
than
these
kingdoms?
Is
their
territory
larger
than
yours?
You
push
away
all
thoughts
of
the
evil
day,
yet
have
instituted
a
rule
of
violence.
They
lie
on
ivory
couches,
sprawl
on
their divans,
eat
choice
lambs
from
the
flock,
and
fattened
calves
from
the
stall.
They
idly
sing
to
the
sound
of
the
lyre,
thinking
themselves songwriters
like
David,
they
drink bowlfuls
of
wine,
and
anoint
themselves
with
the
finest
of
oil.
But
they
do
not
grieve
over
the
ruin
of
Joseph.
Therefore
now
they
must
go
into
exile
at
the
head
of
the
captives,
and
hushed
will
be
the revelry
of
the sprawlers.
The
Lord
God,
the
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts,
has
sworn
by
himself:
I
abhor
the
pride
of
Jacob,
I
hate
his
palaces,
therefore
I
will
deliver
up
the
city
and
all
that
is
in
it
to
their
enemies.
If
ten
people
remain
in
one
house,
then
they
will
die.
When
the
uncle
and
another
member
of
the
family
of
a
dead
man
come
to
carry
the
body
out
of
the
house
for
burial,
they
will
call
to
someone
in
a
corner
of
the
house, ‘Any
more
there?’
and
he
will
answer, ‘No’,
and
then
he
will
add, ‘Be
quiet!’ –
for
the
name
of
the
Lord
must
not
be
mentioned.
Look!
The
Lord
is
giving
the
command!
He
will
smash
the
large
house
to
bits,
the
small
house
into
fragments.
Do
horses
gallop
on
crags?
Does
one
plow
the
sea
with
oxen?
Yet
you
turn
justice
into
poison weed,
and
the
fruit
of
righteousness
into
bitter
wormwood.
You
who
are
so
proud
of capturing
Lo-debar,
who
say, ‘Have
we
not
by
our
own
strength
taken
Karnaim
for
ourselves?’
I
am
now
raising
up
against
you,
Israel,
a
nation,
says
the
Lord,
the
God
of
hosts.
They
will
oppress
you,
from
the
entrance
of
Hamath
to
the
brook
of
the
Arabah.
A Vision of Locusts
This
is
what
the
Lord
God
showed
me:
he
was
forming
a
swarm
of
locusts,
when
the
late
spring
grass
began
to
come
up
after
the
king’s
share
had
been
harvested.
And
when
they
had
finished
devouring
all
the land’s
vegetation,
I
said:
“Lord
God,
forgive,
I
beg
you!
How
can
Jacob
survive,
for
he
is
so
helpless?”
The
Lord
relented.
This
will
not
happen,”
said
the
Lord.
A
Vision
of
Fire
This
is
what
he
showed
me:
the
Lord
God
was
giving
command
to
execute
judgment
by
fire.
It
burned
up
the
great
deep,
and
had
begun
to
devour
the
fields,
and
I
said:
“Lord
God,
forgive,
I
beg
you!
How
can
Jacob
survive,
for
he
is
so
helpless?”
The
Lord
relented. “This
will
not
happen
either,”
said
the
Lord.
A
Vision
of
a
Plumb
Line
This
is
what
the
Lord
God
showed
me:
the
Lord
was
standing
beside
a
wall
built
with
a
plumb
line,
with
a
plumb
line
in
his
hand.
And
the
Lord
said
to
me,
“What
do
you
see,
Amos?”
And
I
answered,
“A
plumb
line,”
Then
the
Lord
said,
“Watch:
I
am
setting
a
plumb
line
in
the
midst
of
my
people
Israel,
I
will
no
longer
overlook
their
crookedness.
And
the
high
places
of
Isaac
will
be
desolate,
the
sanctuaries
of
Israel
will
be
laid
waste,
and
I
will
rise
up
against
the
house
of
Jeroboam
with
the
sword.”
Amaziah
and
Amos
Then
Amaziah,
chief
priest
of
Bethel
sent
this
message
to
King
Jeroboam
of
Israel: “Amos
has
conspired
against
you
right
in
the
heart
of
Israel.
The
country
cannot
survive
all
his
words.
Amos
has
said, ‘Jeroboam
will
die
by
the
sword,
and
Israel
will
be
led
away
captive
out
of
their
land.’”
And
Amaziah
said
to
Amos, “Leave,
you
who
see
visions,
go
to
the
land
of
Judah. Earn
your
bread
there
and
prophesy
there,
but
don’t
prophesy
any
more
at
Bethel,
for
it
is
the
king’s
sanctuary,
and
it
is
the
royal
residence.”
“I
am
no
prophet,”
Amos
answered
Amaziah, “nor
trained
as
one.
I
am
a
shepherd
and
a
keeper
of
sycamores
fig
trees.
But
the
Lord
took
me
away
from
following
the
flock,
and
the
Lord
said
to
me, ‘Go,
prophesy
to
my
people
Israel.’
Now
therefore
listen
to
the
Lord’s
message:
‘You
say
not
to
prophesy
against
Israel,
nor
to
preach
against
the
house
of
Isaac.
But
the
Lord
says:
Your
wife
will
become
a
prostitute
in
the
city,
your
sons
and
your
daughters
will
fall
by
the
sword,
your
land
will
be
divided
up,
you
will
die
on
unclean
soil,
and
Israel
will
be
led
away
captive
out
of
their
land.’”
The Time is Ripe
The
Lord
God
showed
me
this:
a
basket
of
summer
fruit.
“What
do
you
see,
Amos?”
he
asked.
I
replied, “A
basket
of
ripe
summer
fruit.”
Then
the
Lord
said
to
me:
The
time
is
ripe
for
my
people
Israel,
I
will
no
longer
overlook
their
crimes.
The
singing
women
in
the
palace
will
howl
on
that
day,
says
the
Lord:
Corpses
everywhere,
thrown
out
in
silence.
Listen
to
this,
you
who
trample
on
the
needy,
who
oppress
the
poor
of
the
earth,
saying:
When
will
the
feast
of
the
new
moon
be
over
so
that
we
may
sell
grain?
And
the
sabbath
ended
so
that
we
may
offer
wheat
for
sale?
Reducing
the
measure
and
increasing
the
price,
cheating
with
false
scales,
mixing
the sweepings
in
with
the
wheat.
Then
we
can
buy
the
poor
for
money,
the
needy
for
a
pair
of
shoes.
Now
the
Lord
has
taken
an
oath
by
the
Pride
of
Jacob:
I
will
never
forget
all
their
deeds!
Because
of
this
won’t
the
land
quake,
and
all
its
inhabitants
mourn?
Won’t
the
whole
of
it
rise
like
the
Nile,
churn
and
subside
like
the
Nile
in
Egypt?
On
that
day,
says
the
Lord
God,
I
will
make
the
sun
set
at
noon
and
darken
the
earth
in
broad
daylight.
I
will
turn
your
feasts
into
mourning,
all
your
songs
into dirges.
I
will
cause
you
to
dress
in
sackcloth,
every
head
shaved.
I
will
make
you
mourn
like
you
have
lost
your
only
son,
all
that
happens
will
end
in
bitterness.
The
day
is
coming,
says
the
Lord
God,
when
I
will
send
hunger
in
the
land.
Not
a
famine
of
bread
or
thirst
for
water,
but
for
hearing
the
message
of
the
Lord.
Then
they
will
wander
from
sea
to
sea,
from
the
north
to
the
east,
to
seek
a
message
from
the
Lord,
but
they
will
not
find
it.
In
that
day
beautiful
girls
and
strong
young
men
will
faint
from
thirst.
Those
who
take
oaths
by
the
shameful
idol
of
Samaria,
who
swear, ‘As
surely
as
your
God
lives,
O
Dan!’
and, ‘By
the
sacred
way
to
Beer-sheba!’ –
they
will
fall
and
never
rise
again.
I
saw
the
Lord towering
above
the
altar,
and
he
commanded:
Strike
the
tops
of
the
pillars
so
that
the
foundations
may
shake,
bring
them
down
on
the
heads
of
the
people
below.
The
rest
of
them
I
will
slay
with
the
sword:
no
one
will
get
away,
no
one
will
escape.
If
they
dig
down
to
Sheol,
there
will
my
hand
take
them.
If
they
climb
up
to
the
heavens,
from
there
will
I
bring
them
down.
If
they
hide
themselves
on
the
top
of
Carmel,
there
will
I
search
them
out
and
take
them.
If
they
hide
out
of
my
sight
at
the
bottom
of
the
sea,
there
will
I
command
the
sea
serpent
to
bite
them.
If
they
are
taken
into
captivity
by
their
enemies,
there
will
I
command
the
sword
to
slay
them.
I
will
keep
my
eye
on
them
but
for
evil
and
not
for
good.
It
is
the
Lord
the
God
of
hosts,
who
touches
the
earth
and
it
trembles,
all
who
live
on
it
mourn.
The
earth
rises
up
like
the
Nile,
and
sinks
like
the
Nile
of
Egypt.
The
one
who
builds
in
the
heavens,
who
sets
the
dome
of
the
sky
over
the
earth,
who
summons
the
waters
of
the
sea
and
pours
them
out
on
the
face
of
the
earth:
the
Lord
is
his
name.
To
me,
Israelites,
you
are
just
like
the Cushites,
says
the
Lord.
Yes,
I
brought
Israel
up
out
of
the
land
of
Egypt,
but
also
the
Philistines
from
Caphtor,
and
the
Arameans
from
Kir!
Behold
the
eyes
of
the
Lord
God
are
on
the
sinful
kingdom:
I
will
destroy
it
from
the
face
of
the
earth!
But
I
will
not
completely
destroy
the
house
of
Jacob,
says
the
Lord.
For
behold
I
am
about
to
give
the
command,
and
I
will
shake
the
house
of
Israel
among
all
the
nations
just
as
one
shakes
grain
in
a
sieve,
but
not
a pebble
shall
fall
to
the
ground.
All
the
sinners
of
my
people,
who
deny
that
disaster
will
touch
or
befall
them,
will
die
by
the
sword.
A
Promise
of Restoration
On
that
day
I
will
raise
up
the
fallen
house
of
David,
I
will
wall
up
its
gaps
and
raise
up
its
ruins,
I
will
rebuild
it
as
it
was
long
ago.
They
will
possess
again
the
rest
of
Edom,
and
all
the
nations
which
once
you
ruled
for
me,
says
the
Lord,
who
will
do
this.
Listen!
The
days
are
coming,
says
the
Lord,
when
the
harvest
is
too
big
to
reap
before
it
is
time
to
plow,
when
the
grapes
cannot
be
all
trod
before
it
is
time
to
sow,
when
the
mountains
will
run
with
sweet
wine,
and
every
hill
will
flow
with
it.
I
will
bring
back
my
people
Israel,
they
will
rebuild
waste
cities
and
inhabit
them,
plant
vineyards
and
drink
their
wine,
make
gardens
and
eat
their
fruit.
I
will
plant
them
on
their
own
soil,
and
they
will
never
again
be
uprooted
from
their
land
which
I
have
given
them,
says
the
Lord
your
God.
Open English Bible
Obadiah
Obadiah
Obadiah
Obadiah
The
vision
of
Obadiah;
what
the
Lord
said
about
Edom:
We
have
heard
a
report
from
the
Lord,
a
messenger
has
been
sent
among
the
nations;
Rise
up,
let
us
rise
against
Edom
in
battle!
I
will
make
you
small
among
the
nations,
and
despised
by
all!
Your
proud
heart
has
misled
you,
you
who
live
in
the
clefts
of
the
rock,
you
who
build
on
high
your
dwelling.
You
say
to
yourselves,
‘Who
can
bring
me
down
to
earth?’
Though
you
build
high
as
the
eagle,
though
between
the
stars
you
set
your
nest,
from
there
will
I
bring
you
down,
says
the
Lord.
If
thieves
had
come
to
you,
marauders
by
night
would
they
not
have
stolen
only
as
much
as
they
needed?
If grape-gatherers
had
come
to
you
would
they
not
have
left
some
gleanings?
Descendents
of
Esau,
all
your
treasures
are
looted.
To
your
border
they
have
driven
you,
all
your
allies
have
betrayed
you.
Your avowed
friends
have
overpowered
you,
they
have
set
a
trap
for
you.
Where
is
your
wisdom
now?
The
Lord
says:
On
that
day,
I
will
destroy
the
wise
of
Edom,
drive
wisdom
out
of
Mount
Esau.
Your
warriors
will
be
filled
with
terror,
Teman,
none
will
be
left
alive
on
Mount
Esau.
Because
of
the
violence
done
to
your
relatives,
the
people
of
Jacob,
shame
covers
you,
you
are
cut
off
forever.
In
the
day
when
you
stood
aloof,
in
the
day
when
strangers
carried
away
their
wealth,
and
strangers
entered
into
their
gates,
and
over
Jerusalem
cast
lots,
you
were
as
one
of
those
strangers.
You
should
not
have
gloated
over
your
relatives,
in
the
day
of
their
misfortune.
You
should
not
have
exulted
over
the
land
of
Judah
in
the
day
of
their
destruction.
You
should
not
have
laughed
loudly
at
their
distress.
You
should
not
have
entered
in
at
the
gate
of
my
people
in
the
day
of
their
disaster.
You
should
not
have
gloated
over
their
calamity,
in
the
day
of
their
disaster,
nor
stretched
out
your
hand
after
their
wealth
in
the
day
of
their
disaster,
nor
stood
at
the crossroads
to
cut
down
their
fugitives,
nor
should
you
have
betrayed
their
refugees
in
the
day
of
distress.
Near
at
hand
is
the
Lord’s
day
for
all
the
nations.
As
you
have
done
so
will
it
be
done
to
you.
Your
deeds
will
come
back
on
your
own
head.
As
you
have
drunk
upon
my
holy
mountain,
so
all
the
nations
will
drink
in
turn;
They
will
drink
deep
and
be
as
though
they
had
not
been.
But
on
Mount
Zion
some
will
escape,
it
will
be
again
holy,
and
those
of
the
house
of
Jacob
will
again
enter
into
their
possessions.
For
the
house
of
Jacob
will
be
a
fire,
and
the
house
of
Joseph
a
flame,
but
the
house
of
Esau
will
become
stubble.
They
will
kindle
and
devour
it.
Not
even
one
of
the
house
of
Esau
will
escape,
for
the
Lord
has
spoken.
They
will
possess
the Negeb
and
Mount
Esau,
and
the
Shephelah
of
the
Philistines.
They
will
possess
the
territory
of
Ephraim
and
Samaria,
and
Benjamin
will
possess
Gilead.
The
exiles
of
Israel
will
possess
the
land
of
the
Canaanites
as
far
as
Zarephath.
The
captives
of
Jerusalem
who
are
in
Sepharad
will
possess
the
cities
of
the Negreb.
The
rescued
will
come
up
on
Mount
Zion
to
rule
Mount
Esau,
and
the
kingdom
will
belong
to
the
Lord.
Open English Bible
Jonah
Jonah
Jonah
Jonah
Jonah runs away
This
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Jonah,
the
son
of
Amittai:
“Arise,
go
to
that
great
city,
Nineveh,
and
preach
against
it;
for
their
wickedness
is
known
to
me.”
But
Jonah
started
to
flee
to
Tarshish
from
the
presence
of
the
Lord.
He
went
down
to
Joppa
and
found
a
ship
going
to
Tarshish.
So
he
paid
the
fare
and
went aboard
to
go
with
them
to
Tarshish
from
the
presence
of
the
Lord.
But
the
Lord
made
a
furious
wind
blow
over
the
sea,
and
there
was
such
a
great
storm
that
the
ship
was
in
danger
of
breaking
to
pieces.
The
sailors
were
terrified
and
each
cried
for
help
to
his
own
god.
They
threw
the ship’s
cargo
into
the
sea
to
make
the
ship
lighter.
Meanwhile
Jonah
had
gone
down
into
the
bottom
of
the
ship
and
lay
fast
asleep.
The
captain
of
the
ship
went
and
said
to
him, “How
can
you
sleep?
Call
on
your
god;
perhaps
that
god
will
think
of
us,
so
that
we
may
not
be
lost.”
The
sailors
said
to
one
another, “Come,
let
us
cast
lots
to
discover
on
whose
account
this
evil
has
come
upon
us.”
So
they
cast
lots,
and
the
lot indicated
Jonah.
So
they
said
to
him, “Are
you
to
blame
for
this?
Tell
us,
what
is
your
business,
and
where
do
you
come
from?
What
is
your
country
and
to
what
people
do
you
belong?”
He
replied, “I
am
a
Hebrew,
and
a worshipper
of
the
Lord,
the
God
of
heaven,
who
made
the
sea
and
the
dry
land.”
Then
the
men
were
greatly
frightened
and
said
to
him, “What
have
you
done?”
For
they
knew
that
he
was
fleeing
from
the
presence
of
the
Lord,
because
he
had
told
them.
Then
they
said
to
him, “What
should
we
do
to
you,
to
make
the
sea
calm
for
us?”
For
the
sea
grew
more
and
more
stormy.
He
said
to
them, “Take
me
up
and
throw
me
into
the
sea,
and
the
sea
will
be
calm
for
you,
for
I
know
that
it
is
because
of
me
this
fierce
storm
has
overtaken
you.”
But
instead
the
men
rowed
hard
to
get
back
to
the
land;
they
could
not,
however,
for
the
sea
grew
more
and
more
stormy
ahead.
So
they
cried
to
the
Lord
and
said, “We
beg
you,
Lord,
we
beg
you,
don’t
let
us
die
for
this
man’s
life,
and
don’t
let
us
be
guilty
of
shedding
innocent
blood,
for
you
are
the
Lord;
you
have
done
as
it
pleases
you.”
And
they
took
up
Jonah,
and
threw
him
into
the
sea;
and
the
sea
became
calm.
Then
the
men
greatly
feared
the
Lord,
and
they
offered
a
sacrifice
and
made
vows
to
him.
But
the
Lord
arranged
for
a
great
fish
to
swallow
Jonah,
and
Jonah
was
inside
the
fish
three
days
and
three
nights.
Jonah’s
song
Jonah
prayed
to
the
Lord
his
God,
out
of
the
belly
of
the
fish,
and
said:
I
cried
out
of
my
distress,
to
the
Lord
and
he
answered
me;
out
of
the
midst
of
Sheol
I
cried
aloud,
and
you
heard
my
voice.
For
you
cast
me
into
the
deep,
into
heart
of
the
seas,
and
the
great
flood
rolled
about
me;
all
your
breakers
and
your
waves
passed
over
me.
Then
I
said,
I
am
driven
out,
away
from
your
sight;
How
will
I
ever
again
look towards
your
holy
temple?
The
waters
surrounded
me,
the
great
deep
engulfed
me,
the
sea
weeds
were
wrapped
about
my
head.
I
went
down
to
the
roots
of
the
mountains;
the
prison
of
the
earth
closed
over
me
forever.
Yet
you
brought
up
my
life
from
destruction,
O
Lord
my
God.
As
my
life
slipped
away,
I
remembered
the
Lord;
and
my
prayer
reached
you,
in
your
holy
temple.
Those
who
worship
worthless
idols
abandon
their
own
mercy,
but
I
will
sacrifice
to
you
with
loud
thanksgiving!
I
will
pay
that
which
I
have
vowed.
Salvation
is
the
Lord’s.
And
the
Lord
spoke
to
the
fish,
and
it
threw
up
Jonah
upon
the
dry
land.
The message to Nineveh
This
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Jonah
the
second
time,
“Arise,
go
to
that
great
city,
Nineveh,
and
proclaim
to
it
the
message
that
I
tell
you.”
So
Jonah
started
for
Nineveh,
as
the
Lord
commanded.
Now
Nineveh
was
so
large
a
city
that
it
took
three
days’
journey
to
cross
it.
Jonah
began
by
going
a
day’s
journey
into
the
city,
and
he
proclaimed, “Forty
days
more
and
Nineveh
shall
be
overthrown.”
And
the
people
of
Nineveh
believed
God;
and
they
ordered
a
fast
and
put
on
sackcloth,
from
the
greatest
to
the
least
of
them.
And
when
word
came
to
the
king
of
Nineveh,
he
rose
from
his
throne,
took
off
his
robe,
dressed
in
sackcloth,
and
sat
in
ashes.
And
he
made
this
proclamation
and
published
it
in
Nineveh: “By
the
decree
of
the
king
and
his
nobles:
People,
beast,
herd,
and
flock
shall
not
taste
anything;
let
them
not
eat
nor
drink
water.
Let
both
people
and
animals
put
on
sackcloth
and
let
them
cry
earnestly
to
God;
let
them
each
turn
from
their
evil
ways
and
from
the
deeds
of
violence
which
they
are
doing.
Who
knows?
God
may
relent
and
avert
his
fierce
anger,
so
that
we
may
not
die.”
When
God
saw
that
they
turned
from
their
evil
course,
he
relented
the
evil
which
he
said
he
would
do
to
them,
and
did
not
do
it.
Jonah sulks
But
this
seemed
very
wrong
to
Jonah
and
he
became
angry.
He
prayed
to
the
Lord
and
said, “Ah,
Lord, wasn’t
this
what
I
said
when
I
was
still
in
my
own
country?
That
was
why
I
fled
at
once
to
Tarshish;
for
I
knew
that
you
are
a
gracious
and
merciful
God,
patient,
and
loving
and
ready
to
forgive.
Therefore,
Lord,
I
beg
you,
take
my
life
from
me;
for
it
is
better
for
me
to
die
than
to
live!”
But
the
Lord
said, “Are
you
doing
right
in
being
angry?”
Then
Jonah
went
out
of
the
city
and
sat
down
on
the
east
side,
and
there
made
a
hut
for
himself
and
sat
under
it,
waiting
to
see
what
would
become
of
the
city.
And
the
Lord
arranged
for
a
bush
to
grow
up
over
Jonah
as
a
shade
for
his
head
to
make
him
comfortable.
The
bush
gave
Jonah
great
pleasure;
but
at
dawn
the
next
day
God
arranged
for
a
worm
which
attacked
the
bush,
so
that
it
wilted.
And
when
the
sun
rose,
God
arranged
a
hot
east
wind.
And
the
sun
beat
upon
Jonah’s
head,
so
that
he
was
faint
and
begged
that
he
might
die,
saying, “It
is
better
for
me
to
die
than
to
live.”
But
God
said
to
Jonah, “Are
you
doing
right
in
being
angry
about
the
bush?”
He
replied, “I
have
every
right
to
be
as
angry
as
I
could
possibly
be!”
Jonah
is
rebuked
The
Lord
said, “You
care
about
a
bush
which
has
cost
you
no
trouble
and
which
you
have
not
made
grow,
which
came
up
in
a
night
and
wilted
in
a
night.
Should
I
not
care
for
the
great
city
Nineveh,
in
which
there
are
one
hundred
and
twenty
thousand
people
who
do
not
know
their
right
hand
from
their
left;
and
many
cattle
too?”
Open English Bible
Micah
Micah
Micah
Micah
The Superscription to Micah’s Sermons
The
Lord’s
message
which
came
to
Micah
of Morsheth
in
the
reigns
of
Jotham,
Ahaz
and
Hezekiah,
kings
of
Judah.
The
visions
he
saw
about
Samaria
and
Jerusalem.
The
Lord’s
Judgment
on
Guilty
Samaria
and
Judah
Listen,
all
you
peoples!
Pay
attention,
all
you
inhabitants
of
the
earth!
For
the
Lord
God
will
be
a
witness
against
you,
the
Lord
from
his
holy
temple!
The
Lord
is
coming
from
his
holy
place,
he
descends
and
treads
on
the
heights
of
the
earth,
so
that
the
mountains
melt
beneath
like
wax
in
the
presence
of
the
fire,
and
the
valleys
break
apart
like
water
poured
down
a
steep
descent.
All
this
is
because
of
the
crime
of
Jacob,
and
for
the
sin
of
the
house
of
Israel.
What
was
the
crime
of
Jacob?
Was
it
not
Samaria?
What
is
the
sin
of
Judah?
Is
it
not
Jerusalem?
“I
will
make
Samaria
a
ruin
in
an
open
field,
and
a
place
where
a
vineyard
is
planted,
I
will
hurl
down
her
stones
into
the
valley,
and
lay
bare
her
foundations.
“All
her
images
will
be
shattered,
and
all
her
statues
will
be
burned
with
fire,
and
all
her
idols
I
will
lay
in
ruins.
For
they
were
acquired
by
prostitution,
and
to
prostitution
they
will
return.”
This
is
why
I
will
mourn
and
wail,
I
will
go
barefoot
and
naked,
I
will
howl
like
the
jackals
and
mourn
like
the
desert
owl.
For
the
blow
that
Samaria
has
received
is
incurable.
It
has
spread
over
Judah,
it
extends
even
to
the
gate
of
my
people,
even
to
Jerusalem.
Don’t
tell
this
in
Gath!
Don’t
even
cry –
but
sit
in
the
dust
at Beth-leaphrah.
Pass
by,
inhabitants
of
Shaphir,
naked
and
ashamed!
The
inhabitants
of
Zaanan
cannot
leave
their
city.
Beth-ezel
laments
and
removes
its
support
from
you.
The
inhabitants
of
Maroth
wait
anxiously
for
good!
But
the
Lord
has
sent
disaster
to
the
gates
of
Jerusalem.
Harness
the
horse
to
the
chariot,
inhabitants
of
Lachish.
You
led
the
daughter
of
Zion,
Jerusalem,
into
sin,
in
you
are
found
the
crimes
of
Israel.
Therefore
you
must
give
parting
gifts
to
Moresheth-gath.
Beth-achzib
will
betray
the
kings
of
Israel.
I
will
hand
you
to
a
conqueror,
people
of
Mareshah,
the
leaders
of
Israel
will
hide
in
Adullam
Cave!
Shave
your
head
in
morning
for
the
children
you
love,
until
you
are
bald
as
vultures,
because
they
have
left
you
for
exile.
The Oppression of the Poor
Woe
to
those
who
lie
awake
planning
evil,
who
in
the
light
of
morning
carry
out
their
plan
because
they
have
the
power
to
do
it.
They
covet
fields
and
seize
them,
desire
houses
and
take
them,
they
crush householder
and
his
household,
people
and
their
possessions.
Therefore
the
Lord
says:
“I
am
planning
disaster
from
which
you
cannot
save
your
neck,
nor
walk
proudly
because
it
will
be
a
terrible
time.
On
that
day
they
will
sing
a
taunt-song
to
you,
this
mocking
lament:
‘My
people’s
estate
is
being
measured
for
sale,
our
captors
are
dividing
our
fields.
We
are
completely
undone.’
There
will
be
no
one
to
measure
out
land
for
you
from
the
Lord’s
community.
“‘Don’t rant!’
they
urge, ‘Of
such
things
one
does
not
prophesy!
Shame
will
not
overtake
us!
Is
the
Lord
impatient,
or
are
such
things
his
deeds?
Are
not
his
words
favorable
to
the
family
of
Jacob?’
Aren’t
my
commands
good
for
those
who
obey
them?
But
you,
you
stand
up
as
a
foe
against
those
who
are
peaceful;
you
strip
the
robe
from
those
who
pass
by
quietly,
averse
to
conflict.
Women
of
my
people
you
drive
out
from
their
happy
homes,
from
their
young
children
you
take
away
my
glory
forever.
Rise
and begone,
for
this
is
no
place
to
rest.
Your
uncleanness
brings
destruction,
severe
destruction.
If
a
person
walking
in
wine
and
falsehood
were
to
say,
‘I
will
prophesy
to
you
of
wine
and
strong
drink,’
then
he
would
be
the
perfect
prophet
for
this
people!”
The
Lord
Leading
Back
His
Scattered
People
“I
will
assuredly
assemble
all
of
Jacob,
I
will
surely
gather
the
survivors
of
Israel.
I
will
herd
them
together
as
sheep
in
a
fold,
like
a
flock
in
the
pasture,
and
the
land
will resound
with
the
sounds
of
multitudes.
“The
one
who
breaks
out
goes
first.
They
have
broken
forth
and
passed
by
the
gate
and
through
it
have
they
gone
out.
Their
king
leads
before
them,
the
Lord
at
their
head.”
The Crimes of Judah’s Civil and Spiritual Leaders
I
also
said:
“Listen
now,
leaders
of
Jacob,
judges
of
the
house
of
Israel.
Is
it
not
your
duty
to
know
what
is
the
right?
Haters
of
that
which
is
good
and
lovers
of
evil!
“They
devour
the
flesh
of
my
people,
and
their
hide
they
strip
from
off
them,
and
break
in
pieces
and
serve
up
their
bones,
like
meat
in
a
pot
or
the
cooking
pan!
“Then
they
will
cry
out
to
the
Lord,
but
he
will
not
pay
attention
to
them.
He
will
hide
his
face
from
them
at
that
time
because
they
have
committed
such
crimes.”
Therefore
the
Lord
says:
“To
the
prophets
who
lead
my
people
astray,
who
when
they
have
food
between
their
teeth
declare
peace,
but
against
one
who
puts
nothing
in
their
mouths,
they
proclaim
an
open
war!
“Night
will
overtake
you
so
that
you
have
no
vision,
and
darkness
so
that
there
will
be
no
divination,
and
the
sun
will
go
down
on
the
prophets,
and
the
day
shall
be
dark
over
them.
“The
seers
will
be
ashamed,
and
the
diviners
will
turn
pale,
all
of
them
will
cover
their
mouths.
For
there
will
be
no
answer
from
God.
“But
I,
on
the
contrary
am
full
of
power,
and
the
sense
of
justice
and
strength,
to
make
known
to
Jacob
his
crime,
and
to
Israel
his
sin.
“Hear
this,
leaders
of
the
house
of
Jacob,
judges
of
the
house
of
Israel,
you
who
spurn
justice,
and
make
all
that
is
straight
crooked,
who
build
Zion
with
acts
of
bloodshed,
and
Jerusalem
with
crime.
“The
leaders
render
judgment
for
a
bribe,
and
her
priests
give
oracles
for
a
reward,
and
her
prophets
divine
for
silver.
Yet
they
claim
to
rely
on
the
Lord,
‘The
Lord’,
they
say, ‘is
in
our
midst.
Evil
cannot
overtake
us.’
“Therefore
for
your
sakes
Zion
will
be
plowed
as
a
field,
and
Jerusalem
will
become
a
heap
of
ruins,
and
the
temple
mount
a
wooded
height.”
The Peace and Worldwide Renown of Zion
In
the
days
to
come
the
mountain
of
the
Lord
will
be
established,
the
house
of
our
God
on
the
top
of
the
mountain,
lifted
above
the
hills.
All
the
nations
will
flow
to
it,
and
many
peoples
will
go
and
say,
“Come,
let
us
go
up
to
the
Lord’s
mount,
to
the
house
of
the
God
of
Jacob,
so
that
he
may
instruct
us
in
his
ways,
so
that
we
may
walk
in
his
paths.”
For
from
Zion
proceeds
instruction
and
the
Lord’s
word
from
Jerusalem.
He
will arbitrate
between
many
peoples,
and
render
decisions
for
numerous
nations,
They
will
beat
their
swords
into ploughshares,
and
their
spears
into
pruning
hooks.
Nation
will
not
lift
up
sword
against
nation,
they
will
learn
war
no
more.
They
will
live
each
under
his
vine,
and
under
his
fig
tree,
with
none
to
terrify
them.
For
the
mouth
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
spoken.
Each
nation
trusts
in
the
names
of
their
gods,
but
we
will
worship
the
Lord
our
God
forever.
“On
that
day,”
says
the
Lord,
“I
will
assemble
the
lame.
I
will
gather
exiles
I
punished.
I
will
restore
the
lame
as
a
remnant,
the
exiles
into
a
great
nation.
The
Lord
will
rule
over
them
on
Mount
Zion
from
that
time
forever.”
But
you,
watchtower
for
the
flock,
hill
of
the
daughter
of
Zion,
to
you
will
return
your
former
rule.
So
why
do
you
now
cry
aloud?
Haven’t
you
any
king?
Or
has
your
counselor
perished,
so
you
writhe
in
pain
like
a
woman
in
labor?
Writhe
and scream,
daughter
of
Zion,
like
a
woman
in
labor!
For
now
you
must
leave
the
city
and
camp
in
the
open
field.
You
will
be
taken
to
Babylon,
but
there
will
be
rescued.
There
the
Lord
will
save
you
from
the
hands
of
your
foes.
But
now
many
nations
gather
against
you.
They
say, “Let
her
be
defiled,
we
will
gloat
over
Zion.”
But
they
do
not
know
the
thoughts
of
the
Lord.
They
do
not
understand
his
plan,
for
he
has
gathered
them
like
sheaves
for
the
threshing
floor.
“Arise,
thresh,
daughter
of
Zion.
I
will
make
your
horns
iron,
and
your
hoofs
brass,
so
you
might
beat
in
pieces
many
peoples,
and
devote
to
the
Lord
their
spoil,
and
their
wealth
to
the
ruler
of
all
the
earth.
“Now
cut
yourself
in
bitter
grief,
daughter
besieged
by
soldiers.
They
have
set
a
wall
around
you.
They
strike
the
ruler
of
Israel,
in
the
face
with
a
rod.
“Bethlehem
in
Ephrathah,
small
among
the
tribes
of
Judah,
from
you
will
come
a
king
who
will
rule
for
me
over
Israel,
whose
family
line
goes
back
to
the
distant
past.”
So
the
Lord
will
only
abandon
Israel
to
its
enemies
until
the
woman
in
labor
gives
birth.
Then
the
survivors
will
be reunited
with
their
own
people.
And
he
will
stand
and
shepherd
by
the
strength
of
the
Lord,
In
the
exalted
name
of
the
Lord
his
God;
And
they
will
live
in
security,
for
now
he
will
be
great,
even
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.
This
will
be
our
peace:
when
Assyria
comes
into
our
land
and
treads
on
our
soil,
we
will
raise
up
against
him
seven
shepherds,
eight
leaders
of
men.
They
will
shepherd
Assyria
with
a
sword,
and
the
land
of
Nimrod
with
bared blades.
They
will
deliver
us
from
Assyria,
when
they
come
into
our
land,
and
tread
within
our
borders.
And
the
survivors
of
Jacob
will
be disbursed
among
the
nations,
in
the
midst
of
many
peoples,
like
dew
from
the
Lord,
like
showers
on
the
grass,
which
don’t
wait
for
people
to
come
or
linger
for
mortals.
And
the
survivors
of
Jacob
will
be disbursed
among
the
nations,
in
the
midst
of
many
peoples,
like
a
lion
among
the
beasts
of
the
forest,
like
a
young
lion
among
the sheep-folds,
who,
when
he
passes
through, pounces.
He savages
his
prey.
There
is
no rescuer.
Let
your
hand
triumph
over
your
adversaries,
let
all
your
enemies
be
cut
off.
On
that
day,
says
the
Lord:
“I
will
slaughter
your
horses
from
your
midst,
and
destroy
your
chariots.
I
will
devastate
the
cities
in
your
land,
and
tear
down
your
fortresses.
I
will
destroy
your magic
charms,
and
you
will
have
no
soothsayers.
I
will
cut
down
your
idols
and
sacred
pillars,
and
you
will
not
worship
any
more
the
work
of
your
hands.
I
will
uproot
your
sacred
poles,
and
destroy
your
idols.
In
my
wrath
and
my
anger
I
will
seek
vengeance
on
the
nations
that
ignore
me.”
Israel’s False Conception of the Lord’s Character and Demands
Hear
now
what
the
Lord
is
saying:
Arise,
present
your
complaint
before
the
mountains,
let
the
hills
hear
your
voice!
Hear,
mountains,
the
Lord’s
accusation,
listen,
foundations
of
the
earth.
For
the
Lord
has
a
case
against
his
people.
He
has
a
dispute
with
Israel.
“My
people,
what
have
I
done
to
you.
How
have
I
displeased
you?
Answer
me!
For
I
brought
you
up
from
the
land
of
Egypt,
from
the
land
of
slavery
I
redeemed
you.
I
sent
Moses,
Aaron,
and
Miriam
to
lead
you.
My
people,
what
did
Balak,
king
of
Moab
counsel?
And
how
did
Balaam,
the
son
of
Beor,
answer
him?
Remember
now
the
journey
from
Shittim
to
Gilgal,
so
that
you
might
realize
the
just
deeds
of
the
Lord.”
With
what
should
I
come
before
the
Lord?
Bow
myself
before
the
God
on
high?
Should
I
come
before
him
with burnt-offerings,
with
calves
a
year
old?
Will
the
Lord
be
pleased
with
thousands
of
rams,
With
ten
thousand
streams
of
oil?
Should
I
give
him
my
firstborn
son
for
my
guilt,
the
fruit
of
my
body
for
the
sin
of
my
soul?
The
Lord
has
told
you
what
is
good,
what
he
demands
of
you:
Only
to
do
justice
and
love
mercy,
and
to
walk
humbly
with
your
God.
Guilt
and
Punishment
of
Jerusalem
Listen!
The
Lord
calls
to
the
city!
Listen,
tribe
and
assembly
of
the
city!
“Can
I
forget
the
hoarded
treasures
in
the
houses
of
the
wicked,
and
the
accursed
scant
measure?
Can
I
leave
her
unpunished
because
of
evil
scales,
and
the
bag
of
false
weights?
Whose
rich
people
are
full
of
violence,
her
inhabitants
liars,
whose
tongues
speak
deceit?
“But
I
indeed,
have
begun
to
punish
you,
to
lay
you
in
ruins
because
of
your
sins.
You
will
eat
but
not
be
satisfied,
your
stomach
empty
within
you.
You
will
store
up
but
lose
everything,
because
whatever
you
save
I
will
give
to
the
sword.
You
will
sow
but
not
reap.
You
will
tread
the
olives
but
have
no
oil
for rubbing,
tread
grapes
but
drink
no
wine!
“For
you
have
followed
the
commands
of
Omri,
and
all
the
practices
of
the
house
of
Ahab.
You
have
acted
in
accord
with
their
counsels,
so
I
will
give
you
up
to
ruin,
the city’s
inhabitants
to
derision.
The
nations
will
treat
you
with
contempt!”
The Utter Degeneracy of the People
Woe,
woe
is
me,
for
I
have
become
like
a
field
after
harvest,
like
a
vineyard
after
gathering;
not
a
cluster
of
grapes
to
eat,
not
a
fig
that
anyone
desires.
The
honest
have
perished
from
the
land,
of
the
upright
among
people
there
is
none.
All
of
them
lie
in
wait
to
shed
blood.
They
hunt
one
another
with
the
net.
Their
hands
know
well
how
to
do
evil,
the
officer
and
judge
demands
a
bribe,
the
high
official
decides
as
he
pleases
and
they
conspire
to
pervert
justice.
The
best
of
them
are
like
a
thorn
thicket,
their
most
upright
like
a prickly
hedge.
The
day
of
their
punishment
has
come,
now
will
be
their
confusion!
Do
not
trust
your
neighbor,
do
not
rely
on
a
friend.
From
the
wife
who
lies
in
your
arms
guard
your
tongue.
For
son
insults
father,
daughter
rises
up
against
mother,
daughter-in-law
against
mother-in-law,
a
man’s
enemies
are
the
people
of
his
own
household.
Zion’s Ultimate
Vindication
and
Exaltation
But
I
will
look
to
the
Lord,
I
will
wait
for
the
God
of
my
salvation.
My
God
will
hear
me!
Do
not
rejoice
over
me,
my
enemy.
If
I
have
fallen,
I
will
rise.
If
I
sit
in
darkness,
the
Lord
is
my
light.
The
anger
of
the
Lord
I
will
bear,
for
against
him
have
I
sinned –
until
he champions
my
cause
and
gives
judgment
for
me.
He
will
bring
me
into
to
the
light,
I
will
see
his
justice.
So
my
enemy
will
see,
and
shame
will
cover
them,
they
who
said, “Where
is
the
Lord
your
God?”
I
will
look
upon
them,
they
will
be
trampled
on
like
mud
in
the
street!
It
is
a
day
for
rebuilding
your
walls,
this
day
will
your
boundary
will
be
extended.
This
day
they
will
come
to
you,
from
Assyria
and
the
cities
of
Egypt,
and
from
Egypt
even
to
the
Euphrates
River,
from
sea
to
sea,
and
from
mountain
to
mountain.
Though
the
land
has
become
a
desolation
because
of
its
inhabitants,
because
of
their
deeds.
Shepherd
your
flock
with
your
staff,
the
flock
that
belong
to
you,
who
live
alone
in
the
forest,
in
the
midst
of
meadows;
so
that
they
may
pasture
in Bashon
and
Gilead
as
in
the
days
of
old,
as
in
the
days
when
you
came
from
Egypt,
gave
us
wonders
to
see.
Nations
will
see
and
be
ashamed
of
all
their
might;
they
will
put
their
hands
to
their
mouth,
their
ears
will
become
deaf,
they
will
lick
the
dust
like
snakes,
like
creatures
that crawl
on
the
earth;
they
will
come
trembling
and
in
terror
from
their
hiding
places,
in
dread
and
fear.
Who
is
a
God
like
you,
forgiving
iniquity
and
passing
by
the
rebellion
of
the
remnant
of
your
people?
He
does
not
retain
his
anger
forever,
but
is
one
who
delights
in
mercy.
He
will
tread
under
foot
our
iniquity;
you
will
cast
into
the
depths
of
the
sea
all
our
iniquities.
You
will
show
faithfulness
to
Jacob,
and
loving
kindness
to
Abraham,
as
you
have
sworn
to
our
ancestors
from
the
days
of
old.
Open English Bible
Nahum
Nahum
Nahum
Nahum
A
message
about
Nineveh,
a
vision
which
came
to
Nahum
from Elkosh.
God’s
wrath
The
Lord tolerates
no rivals.
The
Lord
is vengeful
and
fierce
in
wrath.
The
Lord
does
not
fail
to
punish
his
foes;
the
Lord
is vengeful
against
his
enemies.
The
Lord
is
slow
to
anger,
great
in
power.
The
guilty
will
not
escape
his
punishment.
Storm
tempest
is
his
path
and
cloud
is
the
dust
of
his
feet.
He
rebukes
the
sea
and
dries
it
up
and
makes
all
the
streams
run
dry.
Bashan
and
Carmel
are
languishing
and
the
bloom
of
Lebanon
is
withered.
The
mountains
tremble
before
him
and
the
hills
dissolve.
The
earth heaves
before
him,
the
world
and
all
who
live
in
it.
Who
can
stand
before
his
wrath?
Who
can
withstand
the
heat
of
his
anger?
His
fierce
fury
pours
forth
like
fire,
he
shatters
rocks.
The
Lord
is
good
to
those
who
hope
in
him,
a
place
of
refuge
in
the
day
of
trouble.
With
rushing
flood
an
end
he
makes
of
those
who
rise
against
him,
he
drives
his
enemies
into
darkness.
Why
do
you
plot
against
the
Lord?
He
will
end
you.
He
only
takes
vengeance
once.
Thorns,
tangled
and
drenched,
they
are
consumed
like
dry
stubble.
Nineveh!
From
you
has
arisen
one
who
plots
evil
against
the
Lord,
a
counsellor
of
wickedness.
Good
news
for
Judah
The
Lord
says:
“Though
they
are
many
and
strong,
they
will
pass
away
and
be
gone.
Though
I
have
afflicted
you,
I
will
afflict
you
no
more,
and
now
I
will
break
his
yoke
from
your
necks
and snap
your
chains.”
The
Lord
has
given
this
command
concerning
you,
Nineveh:
“Your
name
will
no
longer
be
remembered.
I
will
destroy
every
idol
and
image
in
the
house
of
your
God.
I
will
destroy
even
your
tomb,
for
you
are
worthless.”
Look!
On
the
mountains
a
messenger
bringing
good
news,
announcing
peace!
“Celebrate
the
feasts,
Judah,
fulfill
your
vows.
Never
again
will
these
enemies
invade
your
land,
they
are
destroyed!”
Destruction of the city
Nineveh!
The
destroyer
has
come
up
against
you;
mount
guard
upon
the
rampart;
watch
the
road; brace
yourselves;
strengthen
your
might
to
the
utmost.
For
the
Lord
is
restoring
the
majesty
of
Jacob
and
of
Israel,
though
the
devastators
have
plundered
them
and
destroyed
their
vines.
The
shields
of
his
warriors
are
dyed
red,
his
soldiers
are
clothed
in
scarlet,
his
chariots
gleam
like
fire
on
the
day
he
prepares
for
battle
spears
are
shaken.
Chariots
rush
across
the
fields,
storm
through
the
squares;
they
flame
like
torches,
they
dart
like lightening.
A
leader rallies
his
nobles,
they
hurl
themselves
forward.
They
speed
on
toward
the
wall;
the storming-shield
is
set
up.
The water-gates
are
thrown
open,
and
the
palace
dissolves
in
ruins.
The
queen
is
stripped,
she
is
carried
off.
Her
maids
moan
like
doves,
beating
upon
their
breasts.
Like
a
pool
of
water
is
Nineveh,
her
waters
fast ebbing
away.
“Stand
firm!
Stand
firm!”
someone
cries,
but
no
one
turns
back.
“Loot
the
silver,
loot
the
gold,
for
there
is
no
end
to
the
treasure,
the
wealth
and
precious
things.”
Nineveh
is
empty,
desolate,
devastated,
with
faint
heart
and
knocking
knee.
There
is
weakness
in
every
limb,
and
faces
grow
pale.
Where
now
is
the
den
of
lions?
Where
now
the
lair
of
their
young?
Where
the
lion
used
to
withdraw,
with
his
cubs,
with
none
to
disturb
them?
The
lion
tore
enough
for
his
cubs,
and
strangled
prey
for
his
lionesses.
He
filled
his
caves
with
the
kill,
he
filled
his
lairs
with
fresh
meat.
“But
see,
I
am
against
you,”
the
Lord
of
hosts
declares,
“I
will
burn
your
chariots
in
smoke
and
fire.
The
sword
will
devour
your
young
lions.
You
will
never
again
prey
on
the
land.
No
more
will
your
messengers
be
heard.”
Ruin
Woe
to
the
bloody
city!
Full
of
lies
and
plunder,
without
end
is
the
spoil.
Hear
the crack
of
the
whip,
hear
the rattle
of
wheels.
Galloping
horses,
jolting
chariots.
Horsemen
charging,
swords
flashing,
spears
glittering,
a
multitude
of
slain,
a
heap
of
bodies,
no
end
to
the
corpses
over
which
people
stumble!
“Because
you
acted
like
a
whore,
bewitching
the
nations,
enticing
the
peoples,
I
am
against
you,
Nineveh”
the
Lord
of
hosts
declares.
“I
will
strip
your
clothes
and
show
the
nations
your
nakedness,
and
the
kingdoms
your
shame.
“I
will
fling
loathsome
filth
at
you,
and
make
you
an
object
of
contempt,
a
spectacle,
so
that
everyone
who
sees
you
will
flee
from
you
and
say:
‘Nineveh
is
laid
waste,
who
will
mourn
for
her?’
“Are
you
any
better
than
Thebes,
which
stood
on
the
banks
of
the
Nile,
with
waters
around
as
a
rampart,
whose
wall
was
the
sea
of
waters?
Her
strength
was
Ethiopia
and
Egypt.
The
Libyans
were
her
helpers,
and
Put
with
its
countless
people.
Yet
she
was
exiled
and
made
captive.
On
all
corners
of
the
streets
her
infants
were
dashed
to
pieces.
Lots
were
cast
for
her
nobles,
all
her
great
ones
were
bound
in
chains.
“You
too,
Nineveh,
will
be
drunk
with
fear;
you
too
will
seek
a
place
of
escape
from
the
foe.
All
your
fortresses
are
fig
trees
with
the
first
ripe
figs;
if
shaken,
they
fall
into
the
mouth
of
the
eater!
Your
troops
are
weak
as
women
before
your
foes;
the
gates
of
your
land
are
wide
open;
your
defenses
burned
down.
“Draw
water
for
the
siege,
strengthen
your
forts.
Go
to
the
clay
pits
and
tread
the
clay;
take
up
the
brick moulds.
There
the
fire
will
consume
you,
the
sword
will
cut
you
down.
Multiply
like
the
locust
or
a
swarm
of
grasshoppers.
Increase
the
numbers
of
your
merchants
until
they
are
more
than
the
stars
of
heaven,
until
your
watchmen
are
locusts,
and
your
scribes
like
grasshoppers,
which
swarm
in
the
hedges
on
a
cold
day;
but
when
the
sun
rises
they
fly
away,
no
one
knows
where.
“King
of
Assyria:
your
princes
slumber,
your
nobles
sleep!
Your
people
are
scattered
on
the
mountains
with
no
one
to
gather
them!
There
is
no
healing
for
your
hurt,
your
wound
is
incurable.
All
who
hear
of
your
fate
clap
their
hands
in
joy,
for
who
has
escaped
your limitless
cruelty?”
Open English Bible
Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Habakkuk’s message
The
message
seen
by
the
prophet
Habakkuk.
(Habakkuk)
How
long,
Lord,
have
I
cried
out
and
without
you
hearing
me!
I
cry
to
you, “Violence!”
but
you
do
not
help.
Why
do
you
make
me
look
upon
wickedness
and
behold
trouble?
Destruction
and
violence
are
before
my
eyes,
and
fighting
and quarrelling.
Therefore
the
law
is
weak,
and
justice
is
never
rendered;
for
the
wicked
surround
the
righteous,
so
that
justice
is
perverted.
(The
Lord)
Look
at
the
nations,
look
well,
be
shocked
and
amazed.
For
I
am
about
to
do
a
work
in
your
days;
you
will
not
believe
it
when
it
is
told.
For
I
am
about
to
raise
up
the
Chaldeans,
a
nation grim
and
quick
of
action
who
sweep
over
the
whole
breadth
of
the
earth
to
seize
dwellings
not
their
own.
They
bring
fear
and
terror.
They
write
their
own
rules.
Their
horses
are
swifter
than
leopards,
quicker
than
wolves
hunting
at
dusk.
From
afar
they
come
swooping
down,
like
an
eagle
attacking
its
prey.
They
all
come
to
do
violence,
a
horde
like
a
desert
wind,
they
gather
up
captives
like
sand.
At
kings
they
scoff,
and
princes
are
sport
to
them.
They
laugh
at
every
fortress,
and
heap
up
earth
to
take
it.
Then
they
sweep
on
like
the
wind,
Their
strength
is
their
god.
(Habakkuk)
Are
you
not
eternal,
Lord,
my
holy
one,
who
does
not
die?
Lord
you
have
appointed
them
to
execute
judgment,
my
rock,
you
have
established
them
to
punish.
Your
eyes
are
too
pure
to
look
at
evil,
you
cannot
condone
iniquity.
So
why
do
you
regard
the
treacherous
in
silence,
while
the
wicked
swallows
the
upright?
You
have
made
people
like
the
fish
of
the
sea,
like
reptiles
that
have
no
ruler.
The
wicked
sweep
them
all
into
their
nets,
and
gather
them
into
their drag-nets,
and
rejoice
and
celebrate.
Therefore
they
sacrifice
to
their
net,
and
burn
offerings
to
their drag-net;
for
by
their
nets
are
their
portions
generous,
and
their
food
is
rich.
Will
they
empty
their
nets
continually,
slaughter
nations unpityingly?
I
will
take
my
stand
on
my
watch-tower,
and
station
myself
on
a turret.
I
will
watch
to
see
what
the
Lord
will
say
to
me,
what
answer
he
will
make
to
my
complaint.
(The
Lord)
Then
the
Lord
answered
me
and
said:
Inscribe
the
vision
plainly
on
tablets,
so
that
even
someone
running
by
could
read
it.
Though
the
vision
waits
for
the
time
set,
it
hastens
to fulfilment
and
will
not
fail;
Though
it
linger
long,
wait
for
it.
For
it
surely
will
come
and
will
not
be
delayed.
The
strength
of
the
proud
fails,
but
the
upright
lives
by
their
faithfulness.
Wealth
is
treacherous,
the
arrogant
never
have
enough.
They
make
their
desire
as
wide
as
Sheol,
are
like
death,
unsatisfied,
For
they
gather
to
themselves
all
the
nations,
bring
together
to
themselves
all
peoples.
Shouldn’t
everyone
mock
them?
sing
a
taunt-song
against
them,
and
say:
Woe
to
the
person
who
amasses
what
is
not
theirs,
and
loads
them self
down
with
goods
taken
in
pledge!
Won’t
your
creditors
suddenly
rise,
and
those
who
will
overthrow
you
awake,
and
you
become
their
prey?
For
as
you
have
plundered
many
peoples,
the
survivors
will
prey
upon
you.
You
have
shed
blood
and
committed
violence
to
the
earth,
peoples
and
their
cities.
Woe
to
you
who
seeks
unjust
gain
for
your
dynasty,
who
sets
your
nest
on
high
to
be
safe
from
the
reach
of
misfortune!
You
have
planned
only
shame
for
your
dynasty.
You
have
destroyed
many
peoples,
and
brought
guilt
upon
yourself;
the
stone
will
cry
out
from
the
wall,
and
the
beam
from
the
timber
will
answer
it.
Woe
to
the
person
who
builds
a
city
by
bloodshed,
and
founds
a
town
by
crime
while
the
peoples
toil
for
what
fires
will
consume,
and
the
nations
weary
themselves
for
nothing!
This
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
said,
and
the
earth
will
be
as
full
of
the
knowledge
of
the
glory
of
the
Lord
as
the
seas
are
full
of
water.
Woe
to
him
who
in
fury
gives
drink
to
his
neighbor
to
make
him
drunk,
and
see
him
naked.
You
are
filled
with
shame,
not
glory;
drink
yourself
and
be
uncovered.
The
cup
from
the
Lord’s
hand
will
pass
in
turn
to
you,
and
shame
will
cover
your
glory!
For
the
violence
done
to
Lebanon
will
overwhelm
you,
the
destruction
of
animals
will
terrify
you,
because
you
shed
people’s
blood
on
the
earth,
destroyed
people
and
their
cities.
What
use
is
an
idol?
A
human
made
it,
a
metal
image.
It
cannot
speak,
it
cannot
teach
truth,
Why
does
its
maker
trust
it?
Woe
to
the
person
who
says
to
a
block,
awake!
to
a
dumb
stone,
arise!
What
can
it
teach?
It
may
be
set
with
gold
and
silver,
but
there
is
no
breath
at
all
within
it.
The
Lord
is
in
his
holy
temple.
Let
all
the
earth
be
silent
before
him!
Habakkuk’s psalm
A
prayer
of
Habakkuk
the
prophet,
according
to
the
Shigionoth.
I
have
heard,
Lord,
of
your
fame,
I
have
seen,
Lord,
your
work;
through
the
years
you
have
make
yourself
known,
in
wrath
you
remember
mercy.
God
comes
from
Teman,
and
the
Holy
One
from
the mountain-land
of
Paran.
Selah
His
glory
covers
the
heavens,
and
his
splendor
fills
the
earth.
Before
him
it
is
like
the
light,
rays
he
has
at
his
side,
where
his
power
is
hidden.
Before
him
pestilence
stalks,
after
him
plague
follows.
He
stands,
and
the
earth
trembles,
he
looks,
and
the
nations
melt
away,
and
the
mountains
of
old
are
scattered,
the
everlasting
hills
bow
down.
These
are
his
ways
from
of
old.
The
tents
of
Cushan
are
afraid,
the
curtains
of
Midian
tremble.
Is
your
wrath,
Lord,
with
the
rivers?
Is
your
anger
against
the
streams?
Or
your
rage
against
the
sea?
Is
that
why
you
ride
on
your war-steeds?
Why
you
mount
your
chariots
of
victory?
Why
you
bare
your
bow?
Why
you
fill
your
quiver
with
shafts?
You
split
the
earth
with
torrents.
The
mountains
see
you
and
writhe.
The
tempest
of
waters
sweeps
by.
The
great
deep
sends
forth
its
voice,
and
lifts
up
its
hands.
The
sun
forgets
to
rise.
The
moon
stands
still
in
its
place.
Your
arrows
go
forth
to
give
light.
Your
glittering
spear
is
as
lightning.
In
rage
you
stride
over
the
earth.
In
wrath
you
trample
the
nations.
You
go
forth
to
save
your
people.
You
go
to
help
your
anointed.
You
crush
the
head
of
the
wicked
nation,
laying
him
bare
from
thigh
to
neck.
Selah
You
pierced
his
head
with
his
spears,
as
his champions
storm
out
to
scatter
us,
as
they
rejoice
to
devour
the
poor
secretly.
You
tread
the
sea
with
your
horses,
while
the
mighty
waters
roar.
I
hear,
and
my
body
trembles,
and
at
the
sound
my
lips
quiver.
My
bones
begin
to
decay,
and
my
footsteps
totter
beneath
me,
while
I
long
for
the
day
of
distress
to
come
upon
those
who
attack
us.
Though
the
fig
tree
bears
no
fruit,
and
there
are
no
grapes
on
the
vines,
though
the
olive
harvest
fails,
and
the
fields
produce
no
food,
though
the
flock
is
cut
off
from
the
fold,
and
there
is
no
herd
in
the
stalls,
yet
I
will
exult
in
the
Lord,
and
rejoice
in
the
God
who
saves
me.
The
Lord
God
is
my
strength;
he
makes
my
feet
as
sure
as
the
feet
of
deer,
and
causes
me
to
walk
on
the
heights!
To
the
music
director:
Use
stringed
instruments.
Open English Bible
Zephaniah
Zephaniah
Zephaniah
Zephaniah
The
Lord’s
message,
which
came
to
Zephaniah,
son
of
Cushi,
son
of
Gedaliah,
son
of
Amariah,
son
of
Hezekiah,
in
the
time
of
Josiah
of
Judah
who
was
son
of
Amon.
The
Day
of
Judgment
on
Judah
I
will
utterly
destroy
everything
from
off
the
face
of
the
earth,
says
the
Lord.
I
will
sweep
away
human
and
animal,
the
birds
of
the
sky
and
the
fish
of
the
sea.
I
will
cause
the
wicked
to
stumble,
and
I
will
cut
off
humanity
from
the
face
of
the
earth,
says
the
Lord.
I
will
stretch
out
my
hand
over
Judah
and
all
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem,
and
I
will
cut
off
from
this
place
the
last
remnant
of
Baal
and
the
name
of
the
heathen
priests,
and
those
who
worship
on
the
housetops
to
the
stars
in
the
sky,
and
those
worshippers
of
the
Lord
who
also
pay
homage
to
Milcom,
and
those
who
turn
back
from
following
the
Lord,
And
those
who
do
not
seek
the
Lord
nor
strive
to
find
him.
Be
silent
before
the
Lord
God,
for
near
is
the
day
of
the
Lord,
for
the
Lord
has
prepared
a
sacrifice,
he
has
sanctified
his
guests.
On
the
day
of
the
Lord’s
sacrifice:
I
will
punish
the
officers
and
the
royal
princes,
and
all
those
who
clothe
themselves
in
foreign
apparel.
On
that
day:
I
will
punish
all
who
leap
over
the
threshold,
who
fill
the
house
of
their
lord
with
violence
and
deceit.
Listen
on
that
day,
says
the
Lord:
A
cry
will
be
heard
from
the
Fish
Gate,
and
a
wailing
from
the
New
Quarter,
and
a
great
din
from
the
hills.
Those
who
live
in
the
Mortar
wail,
for
all
the
traders
are
silenced,
the
money counters
wiped
out.
I
will
search
Jerusalem
with
a
lamp,
I
will
punish
those
who
are
at
ease,
who
sit
comfortably
with
their
wine,
who
say
to
themselves,
“the
Lord
brings
neither
prosperity
nor
calamity.”
Their
wealth
will
become
a
prey
and
their
houses
a
desolation.
Though
they
build
houses,
they
will
not
inhabit
them;
though
they
plant
vineyards,
they
will
not
drink
wine
from
them.
Near
is
the
day
of
the
Lord!
Near
and
rapidly
approaching!
Near
is
the
bitter
day
of
the
Lord,
and
the scream
of
the
warrior.
That
day
is
a
day
of
wrath,
a
day
of
trouble
and
distress,
a
day
of
destruction
and
desolation,
a
day
of
darkness
and
gloom,
a
day
of
clouds
and
thick
darkness,
a
day
of
the
trumpet
and battle-cry,
against
the
fortified
cities
and
against
the
high
battlements.
And
I
will
bring
distress
upon
the
people
and
they
will
walk
as
the
blind,
because
they
have
sinned
against
the
Lord,
and
their
blood
will
be
poured
out
as
dust
and
their
flesh
as
dung.
Neither
their
silver
nor
their
gold
will
be
able
to
save
them.
For
in
the
day
of
the
wrath
of
the
Lord
and
in
the
fire
of
his
fury
the
whole
earth
will
be
consumed.
For
he
will
make
a
speedy
end
of
all
the
inhabitants
of
the
earth.
The Imminent Judgment upon the Nations
Be
ashamed
within
yourselves,
be
ashamed,
before
you
become
as
the
drifting
chaff,
before
the
anger
of
the
Lord
comes
upon
you,
before
the
day
of
the
Lord’s
wrath
comes
upon
you.
Seek
the
Lord
all
you
meek
of
the
earth,
you
who
obey
his
law;
Seek
righteousness,
seek
meekness;
perhaps
you
may
be
hidden
in
the
day
of
the
Lord’s
wrath.
For
Gaza
will
be
forsaken;
Ashkelon
a
desolation;
Ashdod –
by
noon
will
they
rout
her
and
Ekron
be
torn
up!
Woe
to
those
who
live
by
the
sea
coast,
people
of
the
Cherethites!
The
word
of
the
Lord
is
against
you,
Canaan,
land
of
the
Philistines!
I
will
destroy
you
so
that
you
will
be
without
inhabitants,
and
you
will
become
shepherds’ cots
and
folds
for
flocks.
The
sea
coast
will
belong
to
the
survivors
of
the
house
of
Judah.
They
will
pasture
their
flocks
there.
In
the
house
of
Ashkelon
they
will
lie
down
at
evening.
The
Lord
their
God
will
be
with
them
and
restore
their
fortunes.
I
have
heard
the
taunts
of
Moab,
and
the
revilings
of
the
Ammonites,
how
they
have
taunted
my
people,
and
spoken boastfully
concerning
their
border.
Therefore
as
I
live,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
the
God
of
Israel:
Moab
will
be
like
Sodom,
and
the
Ammonites
like
Gomorrah,
a
pile
of
nettles
and
saltpits,
and
a
desolation,
forever.
The
residue
of
my
people
will
plunder
them,
and
the
survivors
of
my
nation
will
inherit
them.
This
will
they
have
for
their
pride,
because
they
have
taunted
and
spoken boastfully
against
the
people
of
the
Lord
of
hosts.
The
Lord
will
terrify
them;
he
will
reduce
all
the
gods
of
the
earth;
then
all
the
peoples
of
the
nations
will
worship
him,
each
in
their
own
land.
You,
also,
Ethiopians,
slain
by
his
sword
are
you!
And
he
will
stretch
out
his
hand
against
the
north
and
destroy
Assyria;
And
he
will
make
Nineveh
a
desolation,
dry
as
the
wilderness.
Herds
will
lie
down
in
it,
every
beast
of
the
earth,
Desert
owl
and screech
owl
will
lodge
in
its
capitals.
The
owl
will hoot
in
the
window,
the
raven
on
the doorstep,
all
stripped
bare
of
cedar.
This
is
the
exultant
city
which
sat
secure.
The
city
who
said
to
herself,
I
am
and
there
is
none
else!
How
has
she
become
a
desolation!
A
lair
of
beasts!
Every
passerby hisses
at
her,
shakes
their
hand.
Jerusalem’s Deep-seated Corruption
Woe
to
the
rebellious
and
unclean
city
of
oppression,
She
has
not
obeyed
the
voice,
she
has
not
accepted
instruction,
In
the
Lord
she
has
not
trusted,
to
her
God
she
has
not
drawn
near.
Her
rulers
in
her
midst
are
roaring
lions.
Her
judges
are
evening
wolves,
who
leave
nothing
over
until
the
morning,
Her
prophets
are braggarts,
faithless
men.
Her
priests
profane
what
is
holy
and
do
violence
to
the
law.
The
Lord
is
righteous
in
her
midst,
he
does
no
wrong,
Morning
by
morning
he
establishes
his
decree,
Light
is
not
lacking,
an
oversight
is
unknown.
But
the
unjust
know
no
shame.
“I
have
cut
off
nations,
their turrets
are
destroyed;
I
have
laid
waste
their
broad
streets,
so
that
none
passes
over
them.
Desolate
are
their
cities
without
people,
without
inhabitants.”
I
said:
“Surely
the
city
will
fear
me,
she
will
accept
instruction.
Nothing
will
vanish
from
her
eyes
that
I
have
impressed
upon
her;
But
the
more
zealously
have
they
made
all
their
deeds
corrupt.”
The
Future
Vindication
and
Exultation
of
Jerusalem
Wait
for
me,
is
the
Lord’s
message,
until
the
day
when
I
stand
up
as
a
witness,
for
it
is
my
fixed
purpose
to
gather
the
nations,
to
collect
the
kingdoms,
to
pour
upon
them
my
wrath
and
my
hot
anger;
for
by
the
fire
of
my
fury
will
all
the
earth
be
consumed.
For
then
I
will
purify
the
lips
of
all
peoples,
so
that
they
will
all
call
on
the
Lord’s
name,
to
serve
him
with
one
accord.
From
beyond
the
rivers
of
Cush
my
worshipers
will
bring
me
offerings.
On
that
day
you
will
no
longer
be
ashamed
of
all
your
deeds
by
which
you
rebelled
against
me.
For
I
will
rid
you
of
your
proudly
arrogant
ones,
and
you
will
never
again
be
haughty
on
my
holy
mountain.
But
I
will
leave
in
your
midst
a
people
humble
and
poor,
and
the
remnant
of
Israel
will
trust
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.
They
will
not
do
evil,
nor
speak
falsehood,
and
a
deceitful
tongue
will
not
be
found
in
their
mouth;
but
they
will
pasture
and
lie
down,
and
no
one
will
make
them
afraid.
Cry
out
with
joy,
daughter
of
Zion,
shout
aloud,
Israel!
Rejoice
and
exult
with
all
your
heart,
daughter
of
Jerusalem.
The
Lord
has
put
away
your
adversaries,
he
has
turned
away
your
foes;
the
Lord
is
king
in
your
midst,
you
will
fear
evil
no
more.
In
that
day
it
will
be
said
to
Jerusalem:
Fear
not!
Zion,
let
not
your
hands
grow
weak!
The
Lord
your
God
is
in
your
midst,
a
victorious hero.
He
will
rejoice
over
you
with
joy,
he
will
renew
his
love,
he
will
exult
over
you
with
singing,
as
on
a
day
of
festival.
I
will
take
away
from
you
your
disgrace,
and
put
away
from
you
your
reproach.
I
will
destroy
at
that
time
all
who
afflict
you.
I
will
deliver
the
lame,
and
gather
the
outcast,
I
will
make
them
an
object
of
renown
and
fame
in
all
the
earth.
I
will
do
good
to
you,
at
the
time
when
I
gather
you.
For
I
will
make
you
an
object
of
fame
and
renown
among
all
the
peoples
of
the
earth;
when
I
bring
back
your
captivity
before
your
eyes.
This
says
the
Lord.
Open English Bible
Haggai
Haggai
Haggai
Haggai
The call to rebuild the Temple
In
the
second
year
of
Darius
the
king,
on
the
first
day
of
the
sixth
month,
this
message
from
the
Lord
came
through
Haggai
the
prophet
to
Zerubbabel
the
son
of
Shealtiel,
governor
of
Judah,
and
to
Joshua
the
son
of
Jehozadak,
the
high
priest:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
The
people
say
that
the
time
has
not
yet
come
to
rebuild
the
temple
of
the
Lord.
Then
this
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Haggai
the
prophet:
Is
it
a
time
for
you
yourselves
to
live
in
your
own well-roofed
houses,
while
this
temple
lies
in
ruins?
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Consider
your
past
experiences.
You
sow
much,
but
bring
in
little;
you
eat,
but
you
do
not
have
enough;
you
drink,
but
are
not
filled;
you
clothe
yourselves,
but
not
enough
to
be
warm;
and
those
who earn
wages,
put
those
wages
in
a
bag
with
holes.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Consider
your
experiences.
Go
up
to
the
mountains,
and
bring
wood
and
rebuild
the
temple;
then
I
will
be
pleased
with
it,
and
I
will
reveal
my
glory.
The
Lord
says:
You
looked
for
much,
and
it
came
to
little;
and
when
you
brought
the
harvest
home,
I
blew
it
away.
Why?
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Because
my
temple
lies
in
ruins,
while
you
shelter
in
your
own
houses.
The
heavens
withhold
the
dew,
and
the
earth
withholds
its
fruit,
and
I
have
called
forth
a
drought
upon
the
land
and
upon
the
mountains,
and
upon
the
grain
and
the
new
wine
and
the
oil
and
upon
that
which
the
ground
brings
forth,
and
upon
people
and
animals,
and
upon
all
the
labor
of
your
hands.
Then
Zerubbabel
the
son
of
Shealtiel
and
Joshua
the
son
of
Jehozadak
the
high
priest,
with
all
the
rest
of
the
people,
obeyed
the
command
of
the
Lord
their
God
and
the
words
of
Haggai
the
prophet,
as
the
Lord
their
God
had
sent
him
to
them.
They
showed
proper
respect
for
the
Lord.
Haggai,
the
prophet
of
the
Lord,
as
the
Lord
commanded
him,
told
the
people: “The
Lord
says:
I
am
with
you.”
And
the
Lord
stirred
up
the
spirit
of
Zerubbabel
the
son
of
Shealtiel,
governor
of
Judah,
and
the
spirit
of
Joshua
the
son
of
Jehozadak
the
high
priest,
and
the
spirit
of
all
the
rest
of
the
people,
so
that
they
came
and
worked
on
the
temple
of
the
Lord
of
hosts,
their
God,
in
the
twenty-fourth
day
of
the
sixth
month.
The
future
glory
of
the
new
Temple
In
the
second
year
of
Darius
the
king,
on
the
twenty-first
day
of
the
seventh
month,
this
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Haggai
the
prophet,
telling
him
to
speak
to
Zerubbabel
son
of
Shealtiel,
governor
of
Judah,
and
to
Joshua,
the
son
of
Jehozadak,
the
high
priest,
and
to
all
the
rest
of
the
people:
Who
is
left
among
you
that
saw
this
temple
in
its
former
glory?
And
how
do
you
see
it
now?
Doesn’t
it
seem
as
though
there
is
nothing
there?
The
Lord
says:
Yet
now
be
strong,
Zerubbabel,
be
strong,
Joshua,
son
of
Jehozadak,
the
high
priest,
be
strong,
all
you
people
of
the
land.
The
Lord
says:
Begin
the
work,
for
I
am
with
you.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
When
your
ancestors
left
Egypt
I
made
a
promise
to
you,
and
I
am
still
with
you.
Do
not
be
afraid!
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
In
a
little
while,
I
will
shake
the
heavens,
and
the
earth,
and
the
sea,
and
the
land.
And
I
will
shake
all
nations,
and
the
precious
things
of
all
nations
shall
come
here;
and
I
will
fill
this
temple
with
glory.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
The
silver
is
mine,
and
the
gold
is
mine,
The
later
glory
of
this
temple
shall
be
greater
than
the
former.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
In
this
place
I
will
grant
prosperity.
This
is
the
message
of
the
Lord
of
hosts.
Former
displeasure
and
the
new
promise
of
blessings
In
the
twenty-fourth
day
of
the
ninth
month,
in
the
second
year
of
Darius,
this
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Haggai
the
prophet:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says: “Ask
the
priests
for
a
ruling:
‘If
one
carries
consecrated
meat
in
the
fold
of
his
garment,
and
with
that
garment
touches
bread,
or
stew,
or
wine,
or
oil,
or
any
food,
will
it
become
holy?’”
And
the
priests
answered: “No.”
Then
said
Haggai, “If
one
who
is
unclean
by
reason
of
a
dead
body
touches
any
of
these,
will
it
be
unclean?”
And
the
priests
answered: “It
would
be
unclean.”
Haggai
replied: “So
is
this
people
and
so
is
this
nation
before
me,
the
Lord
declares,
and
so
is
every
work
of
their
hands;
and
that
which
they
offer
there
is
unclean.
Think
back
from
this
day,
before
a
stone
was
laid
upon
a
stone
in
the
temple
of
the
Lord.
How
were
you?
When
you
came
to
a
heap
of
grain expecting
twenty
measures,
there
were
only
ten;
when
you
came
to
the
wine
vat
to
draw
out
fifty
vessels,
there
were
only
twenty.
‘I
struck
all
the
work
of
your
hands
with
blasting
and
blight,
with
mildew
and
with
hail.
Yet
you
didn’t
turn
to
me,’
says
the
Lord,
‘Think
back
from
this
day,
think!
From
the
twenty-fourth
day
of
the
ninth
month,
from
the
day
when
the
foundations
of
the
temple
of
the
Lord
were
laid,
and
consider.
The
seed
is
in
the granary,
but
the
vine
and
the
fig
tree
and
the
pomegranate
and
the
olive
tree
have
not
yet
brought
forth
fruit.
From
this
day
will
I
bless
you.’”
Zerubbabel
This
message
from
the
Lord
came
to
Haggai
a
second
time
on
the
twenty-fourth
day
of
the
month:
Tell
Zerubbabel,
governor
of
Judah:
I
will
shake
the
heavens
and
the
earth;
and
I
will
overthrow
the
throne
of
kingdoms;
and
I
will
destroy
the
strength
of
the
kingdoms
of
the
nations;
and
I
will
overthrow
the
chariots,
and
those
who
ride
in
them;
and
the
horses
and
their
riders
shall
come
down,
each
by
the
sword
of
his
fellow.
In
that
day,
the
Lord
of
hosts
says,
I
will
take
you,
Zerubbabel,
my
servant,
the
son
of
Shealtiel,
the
Lord
says,
and
will
make
you
like
a
signet
ring,
for
I
have
chosen
you,
the
Lord
of
hosts
says.
Zechariah
Zechariah
Zechariah
Zechariah
The Lesson from the Past
In
the
eighth
month
in
the
second
year
of
Darius,
this
message
of
the
Lord
came
to
the
prophet
Zechariah,
the
son
of
Berechiah,
the
son
of
Iddo:
The
Lord
was
furious
with
your
ancestors.
So
tell
the
people
this
message
of
the
Lord
of
hosts: “Return
to
me,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “and
I
will
return
to
you”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“Do
not
be
like
your
ancestors
to
whom
the
former
prophets
cried, ‘The
Lord
of
hosts
says
to
turn
now
from
your
evil
ways,
and
from
your
evil deeds’.
They
did
not
heed
nor
listen
to
me,”
says
the
Lord.
“Your
ancestors,
where
are
they?
And
the
prophets,
do
they
live
forever?
But
did
not
my
words
and
my
statutes
with
which
I
charged
my
servants
the
prophets
overtake
your
ancestors?
And
they
repented
and
said, ‘Just
as
the
Lord
of
hosts
planned
to
do
to
us,
according
to
our
ways,
and
according
to
our
deeds,
so
he
has
dealt
with
us.’”
The
Lord’s
Jealous
Love
for
Zion
In
the
twenty-fourth
day
of
the
eleventh
month,
which
is
the
month
Shebat,
in
the
second
year
of
Darius,
this
message
of
the
Lord
came
to
the
prophet
Zechariah,
the
son
of
Berechiah,
the
son
of
Iddo:
I
saw
in
the
night
a
man
on
a
red
horse,
among
the
myrtle
trees
that
were
in
the valley-bottom.
Behind
him
there
were
horses,
red,
sorrel,
and
white.
Then
said
I, “My
Lord,
what
are
these?”
And
the
messenger
who
was
talking
with
me
said, “I
will
show
you
what
they
are.”
And
the
man
who
was
standing
among
the
myrtle
trees
answered, “They
are
those
whom
the
Lord
has
sent
to
patrol
the
earth.”
And
the
riders
answered
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
who
was
standing
among
the
myrtle
trees, “We
have
gone
up
and
down
through
the
world
and
behold,
all
the
earth
is
still
and
at
peace.”
Then
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
said, “
Lord
of
hosts,
how
long
will
you
have
no
pity
for
Jerusalem
and
the
cities
of
Judah
with
which
you
have
been
angry
for
seventy
years?”
And
the
Lord
answered
the
messenger
who
was
talking
with
me
with
kind
and
comforting
words.
So
the
messenger
who
was
talking
with
me
said
to
me, “Proclaim
now
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
says:
I
am
deeply
concerned
for
Jerusalem.
But
I
am
deeply
angry
with
the
arrogant,
complacent
nations.
I
was
only
a
little
angry
with
Israel
but
they
made
the
suffering
worse.
Therefore,
says
the
Lord,
I
am
turning
to
show
mercy
to
Jerusalem.
My
temple
will
be
rebuilt
in
it,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
a
measuring
line
will
be
stretched
over
Jerusalem.
Proclaim
again:
Thus
says
the
Lord
of
hosts:
My
cities
will
again
overflow
with
prosperity
and
the
Lord
will
again
comfort
Zion
and
choose
Jerusalem.”
Destruction
of
the
Heathen Powers
Now
I
looked
up
and
saw
four
horns.
I
said
to
the
messenger
who
was
talking
with
me, “What
are
these?”
He
answered, “These
are
the
horns
which
scattered
Judah,
Israel
and
Jerusalem.”
Then
the
Lord
showed
me
four
smiths.
I
said, “What
are
these
coming
to
do?”
He
answered, “The
horns
scattered
Judah,
so
that
no
one
dared
lift
their
head.
But
the
smiths
have
come
to
terrify
them,
to
crush
the
horns
of
the
nations
which
lifted
up
their
horn
against
the
land
of
Judah
to
scatter
its
people.”
Promise that Jerusalem Will be Gloriously Restored
Then
I
looked
up
and
saw
a
man
with
a
measuring
line
in
his
hand.
I
said, “Where
are
you
going?”
He
replied, “To
measure
Jerusalem,
to
see
what
is
its
breadth
and
length.”
Then
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me
stepped
forward,
and
another
messenger
went
out
to
meet
him,
and
said
to
him, “Run
and
tell
to
that
young
man
that
Jerusalem
will
be
inhabited
like
a
village
without
walls,
because
so
many
people
and
cattle
will
live
there.
For
I,
says
the
Lord,
will
be
a
wall
of
fire
around
her,
and
I
will
be
the
glory
in
the
midst
of
her.
Up!
Away!
Flee
from
the
land
of
the
north,
says
the
Lord.
For
I
have
spread
you
abroad
as
the
four
winds
of
the
heavens,
says
the
Lord.
Up,
escape
to
Zion,
you
who
live
in
Babylon.
This
is
what
the
Lord
of
hosts
says
to
the
nations
which
plundered
you:
Whoever
touches
you
touches
the
apple
of
my
eye.
I
will
raise
my
hand
against
them.
They
will
be
plunder
for
their
own
slaves;
and
you
will
know
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
sent
me.
“Sing
and
rejoice,
daughter
of
Zion!
I
am
coming,
I
will
live
among
you,
says
the
Lord.
Many
nations
will
join
themselves
to
the
Lord
in
that
day,
and
will
be
his
people,
and
he
will
live
among
you.
You
will
know
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
sent
me
to
you.
The
Lord
will
inherit
Judah
as
his
portion
in
the
holy
land.
He
will
again
choose
Jerusalem.
Be
silent,
everyone,
in
the
presence
of
the
Lord,
because
he
is
coming
from
his
holy
dwelling.”
Purification of the Priesthood and Nation
Then
he
showed
me
Joshua,
the
high
priest,
standing
before
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
and
the
Adversary
standing
at
his
right
hand
to
accuse
him.
And
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
said
to
the
Adversary, “May
the
Lord
rebuke
you,
Adversary!
The
Lord,
who
has
chosen
Jerusalem,
rebuke
you!
Is
not
this
man
a
brand
plucked
out
of
the
fire?”
Now
Joshua
was
clothed
with
filthy
garments
and
was
standing
before
the
messenger.
The
messenger
said
to
those
who
stood
before
him, “Take
off
his
filthy
garments.”
Then
to
Joshua
he
said, “I
have
taken
your
guilt
from
you
and
I
will
clothe
you
in
priestly
robes.”
And
he
ordered: “Set
a
clean
turban
upon
his
head.”
So
they
set
a
clean
turban
on
his
head,
and
clothed
him
with
garments.
The
messenger
of
the
Lord
was
standing
by.
And
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
testified
to
Joshua:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says: “If
you
walk
in
my
ways,
and
if
you
will
keep
my
instructions,
then
you
will
rule
my
house
and
keep
my
courts
and
I
will
give
you
a
place
of
access
among
these
that
stand
by.
Hear
now,
Joshua
the
high
priest,
you
and
your
associates
who
sit
before
me;
for
they
are
men
who
are
a
sign;
for
I
am
going
to
bring
forth
my
servant
the
Branch.
On
the
stone
that
I
have
set
before
Joshua,
on
one
stone,
are
seven facets.
I
will
engrave
it,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “and
I
will
remove
the
guilt
of
that
land
in
one
day.
On
that
day,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “you
will
each
invite
your
neighbor
under
the
vine
and
under
the
fig
tree.”
The Supporters of the Temple Service
Then
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me
came
again
and
woke
me,
as
someone
who
is woken
from
sleep.
He
said
to
me, “What
do
you
see?”
I
said, “I
see
a
candlestick,
all
of
gold,
with
a
bowl
on
its
top,
and
seven
lamps
on
it.
There
are
seven
pipes
to
each
of
the
lamps,
which
are
on
its
top,
and
two
olive
trees
next
to
it,
one
on
the
right
side
of
the
bowl,
and
the
other
on
its
left
side.”
I
said
to
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me, “What
are
these,
my
lord?”
Then
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me
answered, “Don’t
you
know
what
these
are?”
And
I
said. “No,
my
lord.”
He
said
to
me, “This
is
the
message
of
the
Lord
regarding
Zerubbabel:
Not
by
might,
nor
by
power,
but
by
my
spirit,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
will
I
make
the
great
mountain
before
Zerubbabel
a
plain.
He
will
bring
forth
the
top
stones
with
shoutings
of, ‘Grace,
grace,
to
it.’”
Moreover
this
message
of
the
Lord
came
to
me:
The
hands
of
Zerubbabel
have
laid
the
foundation
of
this
house.
His
hands
will
also
finish
it.
Then
you
will
know
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
sent
me
to
you.
For
who
has
despised
the
day
of
small
things?
They
will
rejoice,
and
will
see
the
plumb
line
in
the
hand
of
Zerubbabel. (The
seven
lamps
are
the
eyes
of
the
Lord
that
search
all
around
the
world.)
Again
I
asked, “What
are
these
two
olive
trees
on
the
right
side
of
the
candlestick
and
on
its
left
side?”
Again, “What
are
these
two
branches
of
the
olive
trees,
which
are
pouring
out
the
golden
oil
through
the
two
golden
pipes?”
He
answered
me, “Don’t
you
now
what
these
are?”
And
I
said, “No,
my
lord.”
Then
he
explained, “They
are
the
two
anointed
ones
who
attend
the
Lord
of
all
the
earth.”
The Flying Scroll
Then
again
I
looked
up
and
saw
a
flying
scroll.
He
said
to
me, “What
do
you
see?”
I
answered, “I
see
a
flying
scroll;
twenty
cubits
long,
ten
cubits
wide.”
Then
he
said
to
me, “This
is
the
curse
that
goes
over
the
whole
land.
Every
thief
will
be
banished
according
to
the
writing
on
one
side
and
everyone
who
lies
under
oath
shall
be
banished
according
to
the
writing
on
the
other
side.
I
have
sent
it
out,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
it
will
enter
into
the
house
of
the
thief,
and
into
the
house
of
anyone
who
swears
falsely
by
my
name.
It
will
remain
in
the
midst
of
his
house
and
will
consume
it
with
its
timber
and
its
stones.”
The
Woman
in
an
Ephah
Then
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me
came
forward,
and
said
to
me, “Look
up
and
see
what
is
now
coming.”
I
said. “What
is
it?”
He
said, “It
is
a
measuring
basket,
full
of
the
guilt
of
the
land.”
A
round leaden
cover
was
lifted
up,
and
there
was
a
woman
sitting
in
the
middle
of
the
basket.
He
said, “This
is
Wickedness.”
He
thrust
her
down
into
the
midst
of
the
basket
and
he
pushed
the
round leaden
cover
back
on
its
mouth.
Then
I
looked
up
and
saw
two
women,
and
the
wind
was
in
their
wings.
They
had
wings
like
the
wings
of
a
stork
and
they
lifted
up
the
basket
between
them.
Then
I
said
to
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me, “Where
are
they
taking
the
basket?”
He
said
to
me, “To
build
her
a
house
in
the
land
of
Shinar.
When
it
is
prepared,
they
will
rest
the
basket
there.”
The War-Chariots of the Lord
Again
I
looked
up,
and
saw
four
chariots
come
from
between
two
mountains.
The
mountains
were
mountains
of
bronze.
The
first
chariot
had
red
horses.
The
second
chariot
had
black
horses,
the
third
chariot
white
horses,
and
the
fourth
chariot
dappled
horses.
Then
I
said
to
the
messenger
who
talked
with
me, “What
are
these,
my
lord?”
The
messenger
answered
me, “These
are
the
four
winds
of
heaven
going
out
after
standing
before
the
Lord
of
all
the
earth.
The
black
horses
are
going
toward
the
north
country
and
the
white
toward
the
west
and
the
dappled
toward
the
south
country.”
The
strong
horses
came
out,
and
were
impatient
to
patrol
the
earth.
So
he
said, “Go,
patrol
the
earth,”
and
they
did
so.
Then
he
cried
out
to
me, “The
horses
that
went
to
the
north
country
will
quiet
my
spirit
in
the
north
country.”
Preparations
for
the
Crowning
of
Zerubbabel
Now
this
message
of
the
Lord
came
to
me:
Take
the
gifts
from
the
exiles
Heldai,
Tobijah
and
Jedaiah
who
have
come
from
Babylon
and
go
at
once
to
Josiah
the
son
of
Zephaniah.
Take
their
silver
and
gold
and
make
a
crown
and
set
it
on
the
head
of
the
high
priest,
Joshua
son
of
Jehozadak.
Tell
him: “Thus
says
the
Lord
of
hosts:
Behold,
the
man
whose
name
is
the
Branch.
He
will
branch
out
from
his
place
and
rebuild
the
temple
of
the
Lord.
He
will
rebuild
the
temple
and
will
sit
and
rule
upon
his
throne,
receiving
the
honor
due
to
a
king.
A
priest
will
stand
by
his
throne
and
they
will
work
together
in
peace
and harmony.
The
crown
will
be
a
memorial
in
the
temple
of
the
Lord
for
Heldai
and
Tobijah
and
Jedaiah,
and
Josiah
the
son
of
Zephaniah.
People
from
far
away
will
come
and
build
in
the
temple
of
the
Lord
and
you
will
know
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
has
sent
me
to
you.
This
will
happen
if
you
diligently
obey
the
voice
of
the
Lord
your
God.”
The Lord’s Real Demands
In
the
fourth
year
of
the
reign
of
King
Darius,
on
the
fourth
day
of
Chislev,
the
ninth
month,
the
message
of
the
Lord
came
to
Zechariah.
The
city
of
Bethel
had
sent
Sharezer
and
Regem-melech
and
their
men,
to
entreat
the
favor
of
the
Lord,
and
to
ask
the
priests
of
the
house
of
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
the
prophets “Should
I
continue
to
mourn
in
the
fifth
month,
separating
myself,
as
I
have
done
for
many
years?”
Then
this
message
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
came
to
me:
Tell
all
the
people
of
the
land
and
the
priests, “When
you
fasted
and
mourned
in
the
fifth
and
in
the
seventh
month,
for
these
seventy
years,
did
you
really
fast
for
me?
When
you
eat
and
when
you
drink,
do
you
not
eat
for
yourselves,
and
drink
for
yourselves?
Wasn’t
it
this
which
the
Lord
proclaimed
by
the
earlier
prophets,
when
Jerusalem
was
inhabited
and
prosperous,
and
her
towns
surrounding
her
and
the Negreb
and
the
Shephelah
were
inhabited?”
The
Lord
gave
this
message
to
Zechariah:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says,
execute
true
judgments.
Show
kindness
and
mercy
to
each
other.
Do
not
oppress
the
widow
or
the
orphan,
the
resident
foreigner
or
the
poor.
Let
none
of
you
devise
evil
against
another
in
your
hearts.
But
they
refused
to
listen,
and
turned
a
stubborn
shoulder,
and
stopped
their
ears
so
they wouldn’t
hear.
They
made
their
hearts
as
hard
as
stone
so
they wouldn’t
accept
the
teaching
and
the
words
that
the
Lord
of
hosts
had
sent
by
his
spirit
through
the
earlier
prophets.
Great
was
the
anger
of
the
Lord
of
hosts:
I
called
and
they
would
not
hear,
so
they
call
and
I
do
not
hear,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
I
scattered
them
by
a
whirlwind
out
among
nations
unknown
to
them.
The
land
was
left
desolate
behind
them,
with
no
one
crossing
or
returning,
for
they
made
the
pleasant
land
a
desolation.
Promises that the Scattered Exiles Will Return and the Lord’s Rule be Widely Acknowledged
Now
this
message
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
came
to
me:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
I passionately
care
for
Zion,
and
I
am
fiercely
protective
of
her.
The
Lord
says,
I
have
returned
to
Zion,
and
will
dwell
in
the
midst
of
Jerusalem
and
Jerusalem
will
be
called, ‘The
City
of Truth’
and
the
mountain
of
the
Lord
of
hosts, ‘The
Holy
Mountain.’
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Old
men
and
old
women
will
sit
again
in
the
squares
of
Jerusalem,
each
leaning
on
a
staff
because
of
old
age.
And
the
streets
of
the
city
will
be
full
of
boys,
and
of
girls
playing
in
its
squares.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Just
because
it
seems
impossible
to
the
remnant
of
this
people
in
these
days,
is
it
also
impossible
for
me?
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
I
will
rescue
my
people
from
the
land
of
the
east
and
the
land
of
the
west.
I
will
bring
them
and
they
will
live
in
Jerusalem,
and
they
will
be
my
people,
and
I
will
be
their
God,
in
truth
and
righteousness.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Let
your
hands
be
strong,
you
who
hear
in
these
days
the
words
of
the
prophets
spoken
when
the
foundations
for
the
house
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
were
laid.
For
before
those
days
there
were
no
wages
for
people
or
animals.
No
one
could
go
out
or
return
safe
from
enemies,
because
I
set
each
against
their
neighbor.
But
now
I
will
treat
the
remnant
of
the
people differently
from
former
days,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
Peace
will
be
sown.
The
vine
will
bear
its
fruit
and
the
ground
will
yield
its
produce,
and
the
skies
will
give
their
dew.
I
will
give
the
remnant
of
this
people
all
these
things.
Just
as
you
were
accursed
among
the
nations,
house
of
Judah
and
house
of
Israel,
so
I
will
save
you
and
you
will
be
a
blessing.
Do
not
be
afraid,
but
let
your
hands
be
strong.
For
the
Lord
of
hosts
says:
As
I
planned
to
do
evil
to
you
when
your
ancestors
provoked
me
to
anger,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
I
did
not
relent,
so
again
have
I
planned
in
these
days
to
do
good
to
Jerusalem
and
to
the
house
of
Judah.
Do
not
be
afraid.
These
are
the
things
that
you
should
do:
Speak
the
truth
to
each
other.
Render
peaceful
decisions
in
your
gates.
Let
none
of
you
devise
evil
in
your
heart
against
one
another.
Do
not
love
perjury.
All
these
are
things
I
hate,
says
the
Lord.
And
this
message
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
came
to
me:
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
The
fast
of
the
fourth
month,
and
the
fast
of
the
fifth,
and
the
fast
of
the
seventh,
and
the
fast
of
the
tenth,
will
be
festivals
of
joy
and
gladness,
and
cheerful
feasts
for
the
house
of
Judah.
Therefore
love
truth
and
peace.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
Peoples,
and
the
inhabitants
of
many
cities
will
come,
and
the
inhabitants
of
one
city
will
go
to
another,
saying, “Let
us
go
speedily
to
entreat
the
favor
of
the
Lord,
and
to
seek
the
Lord
of
hosts;
I
will
go
also.”
Many
peoples
and
strong
nations
will
come
to
seek
the
Lord
of
hosts
in
Jerusalem,
and
to
entreat
the
favor
of
the
Lord.
The
Lord
of
hosts
says:
In
those
days
ten
people
from
all
languages
and
nations
will
take
hold
of
the
robe
of
a
Jew,
saying, “We
will
go
with
you,
for
we
have
heard
that
God
is
with
you.”
The Conquest of Israel’s Foes
An
oracle:
The
message
of
the
Lord
concerns
the
land
of
Hadrach,
it
rests
upon
Damascus.
For
the
capital
of
Aram
belongs
to
the
Lord,
as
the
tribes
of
Israel
do,
and
also
Hamath
which
borders
on
it.
Tyre
and
Sidon,
for
all
their
wisdom.
Tyre
built
for
herself
a
fortress.
Heaped
up
silver
as
dust,
and
gold
like
the
dirt
of
the
streets.
But
now
the
Lord
will
dispossess
her,
cast
down
her
rampart
into
the
sea.
She
will
be
consumed
in
fire.
Ashkelon
will
see
and
fear,
and
Gaza
writhe
in
anguish,
Ekron,
also
for
her
hope
will
be
put
to
shame.
The
king
will
perish
from
Gaza,
Ashkelon
will
remain
uninhabited.
A
foreign
people
will
settle
in
Ashdod,
and
I
will
humble
the
pride
of
the
Philistines.
I
will
take
their
blood
from
their
mouth,
and
their
abominations
from
between
their
teeth.
They
also
will
be
a
remnant
for
our
God,
like
a
clan
in
Judah,
and
Ekron
will
be
like
the
Jebusites.
But
I
will
encamp
as
a
guard
about
my
house,
so
that
none
will
pass
through
or
return,
and
no
oppressor
will
pass
through
them
again,
for
now
I
have
seen
with
my
own
eyes.
Rejoice
greatly,
daughter
of
Zion!
Shout
aloud,
daughter
of
Jerusalem!
Look,
your
king
comes
to
you.
Vindicated
and
victorious
is
he,
humble,
and
riding
on
a
donkey,
on
a
colt,
the
foal
of
a
donkey.
He
will
cut
off
chariots
from
Ephraim,
and
war
horses
from
Jerusalem.
The
battle
bow
will
be
cut
off,
and
he
will
speak
peace
to
the
nations.
His
rule
will
be
from
sea
to
sea,
from
the
river
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.
And
you,
too –
because
of
your
blood
covenant,
I
have
set
free
your
prisoners
from
the
waterless
pit.
To
the
stronghold
will
the
prisoners
of
hope
return.
This
day
I
declare,
I
will
restore
double
to
you.
For
I
have
bent
Judah
to
me,
like
a
bow
which
I
have
filled
with
Ephraim
like
an
arrow.
I
will
urge
your
sons,
Zion,
against
the
sons
of
Greece,
I
will
make
you
like
the
sword
of
a hero.
Then
the
Lord
will
be
seen
above
them
and
his
arrow
will
go
forth
like
lightning.
The
Lord
will
blow
a
blast
upon
a
trumpet,
and
travel
on
the
whirlwinds
of
the
south.
The
Lord
of
hosts
will
defend
them.
They
will
devour
and
tread
down
the
slingstones,
they
will
drink
their
blood
like
wine,
they
will
be
full
like
a
bowl,
like
the crevices
of
the
altar.
And
the
Lord
their
God
will
save
them
on
that
day,
as
the
flock
of
his
people,
as
the
jewel
of
a
crown
shining
in
his
land.
How
good
and
how
beautiful
will
it
be!
Corn
will
make
the
young
men
flourish
and
new
wine
the
young
women!
Victory and Restoration for the Lord’s Betrayed but Loyal People
Ask
from
the
Lord
rain,
at
the
time
of
spring
rain,
from
the
Lord
who
forms
the
storm
clouds,
and
the
showers
of
rain
he
gives
to
you,
and
green
in
the
field.
But
the
household
gods
speak
nonsense,
and
the
diviners
see
lies,
and
relate
idle
dreams.
In
vain
they
offer
comfort,
so
the
people
wander
like
sheep,
They
suffer
because
there
is
no
shepherd.
My
wrath
is
hot
against
the
shepherds,
and
on
the
leaders
will
I
bring
punishment.
For
the
Lord
cares
for
his
flock,
the
house
of
Judah,
and
will
make
them
his
splendid
war
steeds.
From
Judah
will
come
the
cornerstone
and
the
stay,
from
them
the
battle
bow,
from
them
goes
forth
every
commander.
Together
they
will
trample
on
warriors,
as
on
the
dirt
of
the
streets
in
battle.
They
fight,
for
the
Lord
is
with
them,
putting
the
riders
on
horses
to
shame.
I
will
make
strong
the
house
of
Judah,
I
will
bring
deliverance
to
the
house
of
Joseph,
I
will
bring
them
back
for
I
have
compassion
on
them,
they
will
be
as
if
I
had
not
driven
them
away.
For
I
am
the
Lord
their
God
and
will
answer
them.
The
Ephraimites
will
be
like
warriors,
their
hearts
will
rejoice
as
with
wine,
their
children
will
see
and
rejoice.
Their
hearts
will
exult
in
the
Lord.
I
will
whistle
for
them,
and
gather
them,
and
they
will
be
as
many
as
they
once
were.
I
will
sow
them
among
the
peoples,
but
in
distant
lands
they
will
remember
me,
and
they
will
bring
up
their
children
and
come
back.
I
will
bring
them
home
from
the
land
of
Egypt,
and
from
Assyria
will
I
gather
them.
Into
the
land
of
Gilead
and
Lebanon
I
will
bring
them,
until
the
land
overflows
with
them.
And
when
they
pass
through
the
sea
of
distress,
I
will
strike
down
the
waves
of
the
sea,
and
all
the
deeps
of
the
Nile
will
be
dried
up.
The
pride
of
Assyria
will
be
brought
low
and
the
sceptre
of
Egypt
turned
aside.
I
will
make
them
strong
in
the
Lord,
they
will
walk
in
his
name,
says
the
Lord.
Fate of Judah’s Traitorous Rulers and the Ultimate Deliverance
Open
your
doors,
Lebanon,
so
that
fire
may
devour
your
cedars.
Wail, pine-tree,
for
the
cedar
is
fallen.
Wail,
oaks
of
Bashan,
for
the
inaccessible
forest
has
fallen.
Listen
to
the
wailing
of
the
shepherds!
Their
glory
is
destroyed.
Listen
to
the
roaring
of
young
lions!
Blasted
is
the
thick
forest
of
the
Jordan.
The
Lord
said
to
me:
shepherd
the
flock
destined
for
slaughter,
whose
possessors
slaughter
them,
and
hold
themselves
not
guilty!
The
people
who
sell
them
say,
Blessed
be
the
Lord,
for
I
am
rich!
And
their
own
shepherds
have
no
compassion
for
them.
I
will
no
longer
have
pity
on
the
people
of
this
earth,
says
the
Lord.
I
will
turn
neighbor
against
neighbor,
and
put
everyone
under
the
power
of
a
king,
and
when
the
land
is
devastated
I
will
not
rescue
them.
So
I
shepherded
the
flock
of
slaughter
for
the sheep-merchants.
I
took
two
staffs:
one
I
called
Mercy
and
the
other
I
called
Union.
So
I
shepherded
the
sheep.
I
set
aside
three
of
the
shepherds
in
one
month;
for
I
was
indignant
against
them,
and
they
also
were
displeased
at
me.
I
said,
I
will
not
shepherd
you.
What
is
dead,
let
it
die.
What
is
set
aside,
let
it
be
set
aside.
And
let
those
who
are
left
devour
one
another’s
flesh.
And
I
took
my
staff,
Mercy,
and
broke
it,
so
as
to
break
my
covenant
which
I
had
made
with
all
the
peoples.
In
that
day
it
was
broken,
and
the sheep-merchants
who
watched
me
knew
that
it
was
the
Lord’s
message.
And
I
said
to
them, “If
it
is
good
in
your
sight,
give
me
my
wage.
If
not,
don’t.”
So
they
weighed
out
my
wage,
thirty
pieces
of
silver.
And
the
Lord
said
to
me,
Cast
it
into
the
treasury –
the
precious
wage
that
at
which
I
was
valued
by
them!
So
I
took
the
thirty
pieces
of
silver
and
cast
them
into
the
house
of
the
Lord,
into
the
treasury.
Then
I
broke
my
second
staff
called
Union
so
as
to
dissolve
the
brotherhood
between
Judah
and
Jerusalem.
And
the
Lord
said
to
me:
Take
again
the
implements
of
a
worthless
shepherd.
For
I
am
about
to
appoint
a
shepherd
over
the
land.
Those
who
are
thrust
down
he
will
not
visit.
Those
who
are
scattered
he
will
not
seek
out.
The
wounded
he
will
not
heal,
the
sick
he
will
not
make
whole,
but
the
flesh
of
the
fat
he
will
devour
and
even
their
hoofs
he
will
tear.
Woe
to
my
worthless
shepherd,
who
deserts
the
flock!
May
the
sword
strike
his
arm
and
his
right
eye.
May
his
arm
completely
wither.
And
his
right
eye
be
blinded.
Jerusalem’s Deliverance from Heathen Attack
An
oracle.
This
is
the
message
of
the
Lord
about
Israel.
The
Lord
who
stretches
out
the
heavens,
and
lays
the
foundation
of
the
earth,
and
forms
the
human
spirit
within
people
says:
Look!
I
am
about
to
make
Jerusalem
a
cup
of
drunkenness
for
all
the
surrounding
peoples.
There
will
be
a
siege
of
Jerusalem.
On
that
day
that
I
will
make
Jerusalem
a
stone
to
be
lifted
up
by
all
the
peoples.
All
who
lift
it
up
will
surely
hurt
themselves!
And
all
the
nations
of
the
earth
will
be
gathered
together
against
it.
On
that
day,
says
the
Lord,
I
will
strike
every
horse
with
panic
and
its
rider
with
madness.
But
over
the
house
of
Judah
I
will
keep
watch,
though
I
strike
every
horse belonging
to
the
peoples
with
blindness.
And
the chieftains
of
Judah
will
say
to
themselves,
“The
strength
of
the
inhabitants
is
in
the
Lord
of
hosts
their
God.”
In
that
day
I
will
make
the chieftains
of
Judah
like
a
pan
of
fire
in
the
woods,
like
a
torch
among
sheaves,
they
will
devour
right
and
left
all
the
surrounding
peoples.
But
Jerusalem
will
abide
on
its
own
site.
And
the
Lord
will
first
give
victory
to
the
tents
of
Judah,
so
that
the
glory
of
the
house
of
David,
and
of
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem
be
not
exalted
above
Judah.
In
that
day
the
Lord
will
protect
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem,
and
the feeblest
among
them
will
in
that
day
be
like
David,
and
the
house
of
David
like
God,
like
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
before
them.
And
in
that
day
I
will
seek
to
destroy
all
the
nations
who
have
come
up
against
Jerusalem.
And
I
will
pour
out
on
the
house
of
David
and
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem
the
spirit
of
pity
and
compassion.
They
will
look
on
him
whom
they
have
pierced
and
they
will
lament
for
him
as
one
laments
for
an
only
son.
They
will
bitterly
grieve
for
him
as
one grieves
for
the
firstborn.
In
that
day
mourning
will
be
as
great
in
Jerusalem
as
the
mourning
for Hadad-rimmon
in
the
plain
of
Megiddo.
And
the
land
will
mourn,
each
family
by
itself:
the
family
of
the
house
of
David
by
itself,
and
their
wives
by
themselves,
and
the
family
of
the
house
of
Nathan
by
itself,
and
their
wives
by
themselves,
and
the
family
of
the
house
of
Levi
by
itself,
and
their
wives
by
themselves,
the
family
of
the
Shimeites
by
itself,
and
their
wives
by
themselves,
and
all
the
families
who
are
left,
each
by
itself,
and
their
wives
by
themselves.
On
that
day
a
fountain
will
be
opened
for
the
house
of
David,
and
for
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem,
for
sin
and
for
uncleanness.
And
it
will
be
on
that
day,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
I
will
cut
off
the
names
of
the
idols
from
the
land
and
they
will
be
remembered
no
more.
And
the
prophets
and
the
unclean
spirit
I
will
banish
from
the
land.
If
any
man
prophesy
any
more,
his
father
and
his
mother
who
bore
him,
will
say
to
him,
“You
will
not
live,
for
you
speak
falsehood
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.”
And
his
father
and
his
mother
who
bore
him
will
stab
him
through
when
he
is
seized
by
the
prophetic
frenzy.
And
it
will
be
in
that
day
that
the
prophets
will
be
ashamed,
each
of
his
vision,
and
will
not
wear
the
hairy
mantle
in
order
to
deceive.
Each
will
say, “I
am
not
a
prophet,
a
tiller
of
the
ground
am
I,
for
the
ground
is
my
possession
from
my
youth.”
And
they
will
say
to
him, “What
are
these scars
on
your
back?”
And
he
will
say, “The scars
which
I
received
in
the
house
of
my
friends.”
Awake,
sword,
against
my
shepherd,
against
the
man
who
stands
near
to
me,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
I
will
strike
the
shepherd
so
that
the
sheep
may
be
scattered,
I
will
turn
my
hand
against
the
little
ones.
In
all
the
land,
says
the
Lord,
two-thirds
in
it
will
be
cut
off
and
die,
but
a
third
will
be
left
in
it.
I
will
bring
the
third
into
the
fire,
and
melt
it
as
one
melts
silver,
and
test
it
as
one
tests
gold.
Then
they
will
call
on
my
name,
and
I
myself
will
answer
them.
I
will
say, “They
are
my
people.”
They
will
say, “The
Lord
is
our
God.”
The Judgment upon the Heathen and the Exaltation of the Lord
A
day
is
coming
for
the
Lord,
when
your
plundered
possessions
will
be
divided
while
you
watch.
And
all
the
nations
will
gather
to
Jerusalem,
to
fight
against
it.
The
city
will
be
taken
and
the
houses
plundered
and
the
women
raped.
Half
of
the
city
will
go
into
captivity,
and
the
rest
of
the
people
left
in
the
ruins.
Then
the
Lord
will
go
forth
and
fight
against
these
nations,
as
once
he
fought
in
the
day
of
battle.
On
that
day
his
feet
will
stand
on
the
Mount
of
Olives, (which
is
opposite
Jerusalem,
on
the
east).
The
Mount
of
Olives
will
be
split
into halves,
from
east
to
west,
by
an
exceedingly
great
valley;
and
half
of
the
mountain
will
slide northwards
and
half southwards.
You
will
escape
through
my
valley –
the
valley
between
the
hills
will
extend
as
far
as
Azel,
and
you
will
flee
as
you
fled
from
before
the
earthquake,
in
the
days
of
Uzziah
king
of
Judah.
But
the
Lord
your
God
will
come,
and
all
the
holy
ones
with
him.
And
in
that
day,
there
will
be
no
heat
nor
cold
nor
frost,
but
it
will
be
constant
day –
it
is
known
to
the
Lord –
with
neither
day
nor
night.
Even
at
evening
time
there
will
be
light.
And
on
that
day
living
waters
will
flow
from
Jerusalem,
half
of
them
to
the
eastern
sea
and
half
of
them
to
the
western
sea;
in
both
summer
and
winter.
The
Lord
will
be
king
over
all
the
earth.
On
that
day
the
Lord
will
be
one,
and
his
name
one.
The
land
will
be
changed
to
plain,
from
Geba
to
Rimmon,
south
of
Jerusalem,
but
Jerusalem
will
be
high
and
inhabited
as
it
stands,
from
the
Benjamin
Gate
up
to
the
place
of
the
first
gate,
and
from
the
Tower
of
Hananel
to
the
Corner
Gate,
and
as
far
as
the
king’s
winepresses.
Jerusalem
will
be
inhabited,
for
never
again
will
it
be
doomed
to
destruction,
and
its
people
will
abide
in
security.
This
is
the
plague
with
which
the
Lord
will
strike
all
the
peoples
who
array
themselves
against
Jerusalem:
he
will
make
their
flesh
rot
while
they
stand
on
their
feet,
and
their
eyes
will
rot
in
their
sockets,
and
their
tongues
will
rot
in
their
mouth.
On
that
day
a
great
panic
sent
by
the
Lord
will
fall
on
them.
Everyone
will
seize
their
neighbours
and
attack
them.
Even
Judah
will
fight
at
Jerusalem,
and
the
wealth
of
the
surrounding
nations
will
be
gathered
up –
gold
and
silver
and
piles
of
clothing.
Plague
will
fall
upon
the
horses,
mules,
camels,
and
asses,
and
on
all
the
animals
in
all
those
camps.
All
who
are
left
of
all
the
nations
which
fought
against
Jerusalem
will
come
up
from
year
to
year
to
worship
the
King,
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
to
keep
the pilgrim-feast
of
tabernacles.
Whoever
of
all
the
peoples
of
the
earth
will
not
come
up
to
Jerusalem
to
worship
the
King,
the
Lord
of
hosts,
on
them
there
will
be
no
rain.
If
the
family
of
Egypt
does
not
go
up
nor
enter
in,
on
them
also
will
come
the
plague
with
which
the
Lord
will
strike
the
nations.
This
will
be
the
punishment
for
the
sin
of
Egypt
and
the
punishment
for
the
sin
of
all
nations
which
do
not
come
up
to
keep
the
feast
of
the
tabernacles.
On
that
day
there
will
be
inscribed
upon
the
bells
of
the
horses, ‘Holy
to
the
Lord’
and
the
pots
in
the
house
of
the
Lord
will
be
as
holy
as
the
sacrificial
bowls
before
the
altars.
Every
pot
in
Jerusalem
and
in
Judah
will
be
holy
to
the
Lord
of
hosts
and
all
who
sacrifice
will
come
and
take
of
them
and
cook
the
sacrifices
in
them.
There
will
be
no
more
traffickers
in
the
house
of
the
Lord
of
hosts
in
that
day.
Malachi
Malachi
Malachi
Malachi
The Lord’s Love for Israel
An
oracle.
The
message
of
the
Lord
to
Israel
through
Malachi.
“I
have
loved
you,”
says
the
Lord. “But
you
ask, ‘How
have
you
shown
love
to
us?’
Was
not
Esau
Jacob’s
brother?”
explains
the
Lord
of
hosts, “yet
I
loved
Jacob,
but
hated
Esau,
and
made
his
mountains
a
desolation,
and
transformed
his
ancestral
land
into
a
wilderness.
When
Edom
says, ‘We
are
beaten
down,
but
we
will
return
and
rebuild
the
ruined places’”
the
Lord
of
hosts
says, “They
may
build,
but
I
will
throw
down.
They
will
be
called, ‘The
border
land
of
wickedness,’
the
people
against
whom
the
Lord
is
angry
forever.
Your
own
eyes
will
see
this,
and
you
will
say, ‘the
Lord’s
greatness
reaches
beyond
the
border
of
Israel.’”
Against
the
Priests
“A
son
honors
his
father
and
servant
their
master.
If
I
am
a
father,
where
is
my
honor?
And
if
I
am
a
master,
where
is
the
one
who
fears
me?
So
says
the
Lord
to
you,
priests
who
despise
my
name.
You
ask, ‘How
have
we
despised
your
name?’
You
offer
on
my
altar
bread
that
is
polluted.
You
ask, ‘How
have
we
polluted
it?’
Because
you
say, ‘The
table
of
the
Lord
is
contemptible.’
When
you
offer
the
blind
animal
for
sacrifice, ‘It
doesn’t
matter!’
And
when
you
offer
the
lame
and
the
sick ‘It
doesn’t
matter!’
Give
an
animal
like
that
to
your
governor;
will
he
be
pleased
with
it?
Will
he
receive
you
favorably?”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
Now,
plead
for
the
favor
of
God
with
such
an
offering,
so
that
he
may
be
gracious
to
us. “Would
I
receive
any
of
you
favorably?”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“If
only
one
of
you
would
shut
the
temple
doors,
so
that
you
could
not
kindle
useless
fires
on
my
altar!
I
have
no
pleasure
in
you,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “Nor
will
I
accept
an
offering
from
your
hand.
For
from
the
rising
of
the
sun
to
its
setting
my
name
is
great
among
the
nations,
and
in
every
place
they
offer
to
my
name
a
pure
offering.
For
my
name
is
great
among
the
nations,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“But
you
profane
me
when
you
say, ‘The
table
of
the
Lord
is
polluted,
and
its
food
is
contemptible.’
You
say
also, ‘How
tired
we
are
of
all
this!’
and
you
sniff
contemptuously
at
it.
You
have
brought
the
blind,
the
lame
and
the
sick
as
offerings.
Should
I
accept
this
from
your
hand?”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“Cursed
be
the
cheat,
who
has
in
his
flock
a
valuable
male,
but
vows
and
sacrifices
to
the
Lord
a
blemished
animal!
For
I
am
a
great
king,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “and
my
name
is
feared
among
the
nations.”
“Now,
you
priests,
this
command
is
for
you.
If
you
will
not
hear,
and
if
you
do
not
take
it
to
heart,
to
give
glory
to
my
name,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “Then
I
will
lay
a
curse
on
you.
I
will
turn
your
blessings
into
curses.
Indeed
I
have
already
done
so,
because
you
pay
no
attention.
I
will
punish
your
descendants!
I
will
spread
offal
upon
your
faces,
even
the
offal
of
your pilgrim
feasts,
you
will
be
discarded.
You
will
then
know
that
I
have
sent
this
command
to
you,
so
that
my
covenant
with
Levi
may
be
preserved,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“My
covenant
with
him
was
to
give
life
and
peace.
I
gave
them
to
him
so
that
he
might
revere
me.
He
revered
me,
and
stood
in
awe
of
my
name.
The
true
instruction
was
in
his
mouth,
and
injustice
was
not
found
in
his
lips;
He
walked
with
me
in
peace
and
uprightness,
and
turned
many
away
from
iniquity.
For
the
priest’s
lips
should
keep
knowledge,
and
people
should
seek
the
law
from
his
mouth,
because
he
is
the
messenger
of
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“But
you
have
turned
aside
from
that
way.
You
have
caused
many
to
stumble
in
the
law.
You
have
corrupted
the
covenant
of
Levi,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“So
I
have
I
made
you
contemptible
and
degraded
before
all
the
people,
because
you
have
not
kept
my
ways,
and
have
had
no
respect
for
me
in imparting
the
law.”
Unfaithfulness
Don’t
we
have
all
one
father?
Didn’t
one
God
created
us?
Why
do
we
deal faithlessly
with
one
another,
profaning
the
covenant
of
our
ancestors?
Judah
is
treacherous,
and
abominations
are
committed
in
Israel
and
in
Jerusalem
because
Judah
has
profaned
the
holy
things
loved
by
the
Lord,
and
has
married
the
daughter
of
a
foreign
god.
May
the
Lord
banish
from
the
community
of
Jacob
anyone
who
does
this,
anyone awaking, testifying,
and
making
an
offering
to
the
Lord
of
hosts.
And
you
also
do
this:
You
cover
the
altar
of
the
Lord
with
tears,
because
he
doesn’t
accept
the
offering
any
more,
doesn’t
accept
it
from
your
hand.
Yet
you
ask, “Why?”
Because
the
Lord
is testifying
against
you
on
behalf
of
the
wife
you
married
when
you
were
young.
You
have
been
unfaithful
to
her,
even
though
she
is
your
companion,
and
your
legal
wife.
Did
not
the
one
God
make
everyone,
so
that
all
both
flesh
and
spirit
is
his?
And
what
does
that
one
God
seek
but
godly
children?
Therefore
keep
watch
over
your
spirit,
and
let
none
of
you
deal faithlessly
with
the
wife
of
your
youth.
“A
man
who
divorces
or
puts
away
his
wife,”
says
Lord,
the
God
of
Israel, “overwhelms
her
with
cruelty.”
The
Lord
of
hosts
says: “Keep
watch
over
your
spirit,
do
not
be
unfaithful.”
The
Lord’s
Coming
Judgment
You
have
wearied
the
Lord
with
your
words.
You
ask, “How
have
we
wearied
him?”
By
saying, “Everyone
who
does
evil
is
good
in
the
sight
of
the
Lord,
and
he
delights
in
them.”
Or, “Where
is
the
God
of
justice?”
“I
am
about
to
send
my
messenger
and
he
will
clear
a
path
before
me:
And
the
Lord,
who
you
are
seeking,
will
suddenly
come
to
his
temple.
The
messenger
of
the
covenant
who
you
long
for
is
already
coming,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
But
who
can
endure
the
day
of
his
coming?
And
who
will
stand
firm
when
he
appears?
He
is
like
a
refiner’s
fire,
and
like
a launderer’s
soap,
and
he
will
sit
as
a
refiner
and
purifier.
He
will
purify
the
descendants
of
Levi,
and
refine
them
like
gold
and
silver,
until
they
are
fit
to
bring
offerings
to
the
Lord.
Then
will
the
offerings
of
Judah
and
Jerusalem
be
pleasant
to
the
Lord,
as
in
the
days
of
old,
and
as
in
former
years.
“I
will
come
to
you
in
judgment.
I
will
be
quick
to
testify
against
the
sorcerers,
adulterers, perjurers,
those
who
cheat
workers,
or
widows,
or
orphans,
deny
justice
to
immigrants,
and
do
not
fear
me,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“For
I,
the
Lord,
do
not
change;
and
you
have
not
ceased
to
be
descendants
of
Jacob.”
Paying
the
Tithe
“From
the
days
of
your
ancestors,
you
have
turned
aside
from
my
statutes,
and
you
have
not
kept
them.
Turn
to
me
and
I
will
turn
to
you,”
says
the
Lord. “You
say, ‘How
should
we
turn?’
Can
a
human
rob
God?
Yet
you
robbed
me.
You
ask, ‘How
have
we
robbed
you?’
In
tithes
and
gifts!
You –
your
entire
nation –
are
all
cursed,
because
you
rob
me.
“Bring
the
whole
tithe
into
the
storehouse,
so
that
there
is
food
in
my
house.
Test
me
in
this
way.
See
if
I
will
not
open
to
you
the
windows
of
the
sky,
and
pour
you
out
a
blessing,
until
there
is
more
than
enough.
I
will
rebuke
for
your
sakes
the
devouring
locust
and
he
will
not
destroy
your
crops,
nor
will
the
vine
fail
to ripen
its
fruit
in
the
field,
says
the
Lord
of
hosts,
and
all
nations
will
call
you
happy,
for
you
will
be
a
delightful
land,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
Future
Reward
of
the
Godless
and
Faithful
“You
have
said
terrible
things
about
me,”
says
the
Lord. “You
ask, ‘What
have
we
said
about
you?’
You
have
said, ‘It
is
useless
to
serve
God,
and
what
do
we
gain
from
the
Lord
of
hosts
by
keeping
his
commands,
and
walking
mournfully
in funeral garb
before
him?
So
now
we
call
the
proud
happy,
evildoers
thrive:
they
dare
God
and
escape
unharmed.’”
Such
things
those
who
revered
the
Lord
spoke
to
one
another,
and
the
Lord
took
notice,
and
a
record
was
written
before
him
of
those
who
revered
the
Lord
and
those
who
keep
in
mind
his
name.
“They
will
be
mine,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “my
special
possession
on
that
day
that
I
am
preparing.
I
will
spare
them
as
a
man
spares
his
son
who
serves
him.
Once
again
my
people
will
see
the
difference
between
the
righteous
and
the
wicked,
between
the
person
who
serves
God
and
the
person
who
does
not.”
“The
day
is
coming
that
will
burn
like
a
furnace,
and
all
the
proud
and
all
evildoers
will
be
stubble,
and
the
day
that
is
coming
will
burn
them
up,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts, “leaving
neither
root
nor
branch.
But
to
you
who
revere
my
name
there
will
arise
the
sun
of
righteousness
with
healing
in
its
wings,
and
you
will
run
free
like
calves
let
out
from
their
stall.
In
the
day
when
I
act
you
will
tread
down
the
wicked,
they
will
be
as
ashes
under
the
soles
of
your
feet,”
says
the
Lord
of
hosts.
“Remember
the
law
of
Moses
my
servant,
statutes
and
judgments
which
I
gave
him
at
Horeb
for
all
Israel.
I
am
about
to
send
to
you
Elijah
the
prophet,
before
the
great
and
terrible
day
of
the
Lord
comes.
He
will
turn
fathers’
hearts
to
their
sons
and
sons’
hearts
to
their
fathers,
so
that
I
will
not
come
and
strike
the
earth
with judgement.”
Matthew
The Good News According to Matthew
Matthew
The
Good News According to
Matthew
The Birth, Parentage and Infancy
A
genealogy
of
Jesus
Christ,
a
descendant
of
David
and
Abraham.
Abraham
was
the
father
of
Isaac,
Isaac
of
Jacob,
Jacob
of
Judah
and
his
brothers,
Judah
of
Perez
and
Zerah,
whose
mother
was
Tamar,
Perez
of
Hezron,
Hezron
of
Aram,
Aram
of Aminadab, Aminadab
of
Nahshon,
Nahshon
of
Salmon,
Salmon
of
Boaz,
whose
mother
was
Rahab,
Boaz
of
Obed,
whose
mother
was
Ruth,
Obed
of
Jesse,
Jesse
of
David
the
King.
David
was
the
father
of
Solomon,
whose
mother
was
Uriah’s
widow,
Solomon
of
Rehoboam,
Rehoboam
of
Abijah,
Abijah
of
Asa,
Asa
of
Jehoshaphat,
Jehoshaphat
of
Joram,
Joram
of
Uzziah,
Uzziah
of
Jotham,
Jotham
of
Ahaz,
Ahaz
of
Hezekiah,
Hezekiah
of
Manasseh,
Manasseh
of
Amon,
Amon
of
Josiah,
Josiah
of Jechoniah
and
his
brothers,
at
the
time
of
the
Exile
to
Babylon.
After
the
Exile
to
Babylon – Jechoniah
was
the
father
of
Salathiel,
Salathiel
of
Zerubbabel,
Zerubbabel
of Abiud, Abiud
of
Eliakim,
Eliakim
of Azor,
Azor
of
Zadok,
Zadok
of Achim, Achim
of
Eliud,
Eliud
of
Eleazar,
Eleazar
of
Matthan,
Matthan
of
Jacob,
Jacob
of
Joseph,
the
husband
of
Mary,
who
was
the
mother
of
Jesus,
who
is
called ‘Christ’.
So
the
whole
number
of
generations
from
Abraham
to
David
is
fourteen;
from
David
to
the
Exile
to
Babylon
fourteen;
and
from
the
Exile
to
Babylon
to
the
Christ
fourteen.
This
is
how
Jesus
Christ
was
born:
His
mother
Mary
was
engaged
to
Joseph,
but,
before
the
marriage
took
place,
she
found
herself
to
be
pregnant
by
the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
Her
husband,
Joseph,
was
a
just
man
and,
since
he
did
not
want
to
disgrace
her
publicly,
he
resolved
to
put
an
end
to
their engagement
privately.
He
had
been
thinking
this
over,
when
an
angel
of
the
Lord
appeared
to
him
in
a
dream.
“Joseph,
son
of
David,”
the
angel
said, “do
not
be
afraid
to
take
Mary
for
your
wife,
for
her
child
has
been
conceived
by
the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
She
will
give
birth
to
a
son;
name
him
Jesus,
for
he
will
save
his
people
from
their
sins.”
All
this
happened
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
of
the
Lord
through
the
prophet,
where
he
says –
‘The
virgin
will
conceive
and
will
give
birth
to
a
son,
and
they
will
give
him
the
name Immanuel’
–
a
word
which
means ‘God
is
with
us.’
When
Joseph
woke
up,
he
did
as
the
angel
of
the
Lord
had
directed
him.
He
made Mary
his
wife,
but
they
did
not
sleep
together
before
the
birth
of
her
son;
and
to
this
son
he
gave
the
name
Jesus.
After
the
birth
of
Jesus
at
Bethlehem
in
Judea,
in
the
reign
of
King
Herod,
some
astrologers
from
the
East
arrived
in
Jerusalem,
asking,
“Where
is
the newborn
king
of
the
Jews?
For
we
saw
his
star
in
the
east,
and
have
come
to
worship
him.”
When
King
Herod
heard
of
this,
he
was
much
troubled,
and
so
too
was
all
Jerusalem.
He
called
together
all
the
chief
priests
and
teachers
of
the
Law
in
the
nation,
and
questioned
them
as
to
where
the
Christ
was
to
be
born.
“At
Bethlehem
in
Judea,”
was
their
answer, “for
it
is
said
in
the
prophet –
‘And
you,
Bethlehem
in
Judah’s
land,
are
in
no
way
least
among
the
chief
cities
of
Judah,
for
out
of
you
will
come
a
ruler –
who
will
shepherd
my
people
Israel.’”
Then
Herod
secretly
sent
for
the
astrologers.
He
found
out
from
them
the
time
of
the
appearance
of
the
star.
Sending
them
to
Bethlehem
he
said, “Go
and
make
a
careful
search
for
the
child.
When
you
have
found
him,
bring
word
back
to
me,
so
that
I,
too,
can
go
and
worship
him.”
The
astrologers
heard
what
the
king
had
to
say,
and
then
continued
their
journey.
The
star
which
they
had
seen
in
the
east
led
them
on,
until
it
reached
and
stood
over
the
place
where
the
child
was.
At
the
sight
of
the
star
they
were
filled
with
joy.
Entering
the
house,
they
saw
the
child
with
his
mother,
Mary,
and
fell
at
his
feet
and
worshiped
him.
Then
they
opened
their
treasure
chests,
and
offered
to
the
child
presents
of
gold,
frankincense,
and
myrrh.
But
afterward,
having
been
warned
in
a
dream
not
to
go
back
to
Herod,
they
returned
to
their
own
country
by
another
road.
After
they
had
left,
an
angel
of
the
Lord
appeared
to
Joseph
in
a
dream,
and
said, “Get
up,
take
the
child
and
his
mother,
and
seek
refuge
in
Egypt;
and
stay
there
until
I
tell
you
to
return,
for
Herod
is
about
to
search
for
the
child,
to
put
him
to
death.”
Joseph
woke
up,
and
taking
the
child
and
his
mother
by
night,
went
into
Egypt,
and
there
he
stayed
until
Herod’s
death.
This
was
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
of
the
Lord
in
the
prophet,
where
he
says –
‘Out
of
Egypt
I
called
my
Son.’
When
Herod
found
out
that
the
astrologers
had
tricked
him,
he
flew
into
a
rage.
He
sent
and
put
to
death
all
the
boys
in
Bethlehem
and
the
whole
of
that
region,
who
were
two
years
old
or
under,
guided
by
the
time
which
he
had
learned
from
the
astrologers.
Then
were
fulfilled
these
words
spoken
in
the
prophet
Jeremiah,
where
he
says –
‘A
voice
was
heard
in
Ramah,
weeping
and
mourning
loudly;
Rachel,
weeping
for
her
children,
refusing
all
comfort
for
they
were
dead.’
But,
on
the
death
of
Herod,
an
angel
of
the
Lord
appeared
in
a
dream
to
Joseph
in
Egypt,
and
said,
“Get
up,
take
the
child
and
his
mother,
and
go
into
the
Land
of
Israel,
for
those
who
sought
to
take
the
child’s
life
are
dead.”
He
woke
up,
and
taking
the
child
and
his
mother,
went
into
the
Land
of
Israel.
But,
hearing
that Archelaus
had
succeeded
his
father
Herod
as
king
of
Judea,
he
was
afraid
to
go
back
there;
and
having
been
warned
in
a
dream,
he
went
into
the
part
of
the
country
called
Galilee.
There
he
settled
in
the
town
of
Nazareth,
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophets – ‘He
will
be
called
a
Nazarene.’
The Preparation
About
that
time
John
the Baptist
first
appeared,
proclaiming
in
the
wilderness
of
Judea:
“Repent,
for
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
at
hand.”
John
was
the
one
who
was
spoken
of
in
the
prophet
Isaiah,
where
he
says –
‘The
voice
of
one
crying
aloud
in
the
wilderness:
“Make
ready
the
way
of
the
Lord,
make
his
paths
straight.”’
John’s
clothes
were
made
of
camels’
hair,
with
a
leather
strap
around
his
waist,
and
his
food
was
locusts
and
wild
honey.
At
that
time
Jerusalem,
and
all
Judea,
as
well
as
the
whole
district
of
the
Jordan,
went
out
to
him
and
were baptized
by
him
in
the
Jordan
River,
confessing
their
sins.
But
when
John
saw
many
of
the
Pharisees
and
Sadducees
coming
to
receive
his baptism,
he
said
to
them, “You
children
of
snakes!
Who
has
prompted
you
to
seek
refuge
from
the
coming
judgment?
Let
your
life,
then,
prove
your
repentance;
and
do
not
think
that
you
can
say
among
yourselves ‘Abraham
is
our
ancestor,’
for
I
tell
you
that
out
of
these
stones
God
is
able
to
raise
descendants
for
Abraham!
Already
the
axe
is
lying
at
the
root
of
the
trees.
Therefore
every
tree
that
fails
to
bear
good
fruit
will
be
cut
down
and
thrown
into
the
fire.
I,
indeed, baptize
you
with
water
to
teach
repentance;
but
he
who
is
coming
after
me
is
more
powerful
than
I,
and
I
am
not
fit
even
to
carry
his
sandals.
He
will baptize
you
with
the
Holy
Spirit
and
with
fire.
His winnowing-fan
is
in
his
hand,
and
he
will
clear
his threshing-floor,
and
store
his
grain
in
the
barn,
but
the
chaff
he
will
burn
with
a
fire
that
cannot
be
put
out.”
Then
Jesus
came
from
Galilee
to
the
Jordan,
to
John,
to
be baptized
by
him.
But
John
tried
to
prevent
him.
“I
need
to
be baptized
by
you,”
he
said, “so
why
have
you
come
to
me?”
“This
is
the
way
it
should
be
for
now,”
Jesus
answered,
“because
we
should
do
everything
that
God
requires.”
So
John
agreed.
After
the baptism
of
Jesus,
and
just
as
he
came
up
from
the
water,
the
heavens
opened,
and
he
saw
the
Spirit
of
God
coming
down
like
a
dove
and
resting
on
him,
and
from
the
heavens
there
came
a
voice
which
said, “This
is
my
dearly
loved
son,
who
brings
me
great
joy.”
Then
Jesus
was
led
up
into
the
wilderness
by
the
Spirit
to
be
tempted
by
the
devil.
And,
after
he
had
fasted
for
forty
days
and
forty
nights,
he
became
hungry.
The
Tempter
came
to
him,
and
said:
“If
you
are
God’s
Son,
tell
these
stones
to
become
loaves
of
bread.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“Scripture
says –
‘It
is
not
on
bread
alone
that
a
person
is
to
live,
but
on
every
word
that
comes
from
the
mouth
of
God.’”
Then
the
devil
took
him
to
the
Holy
City,
and,
placing
him
on
the
parapet
of
the
temple,
said
to
him,
“If
you
are
God’s
Son,
throw
yourself
down,
for
scripture
says –
‘He
will
give
his
angels
commands
about
you,
and
on
their
hands
they
will
lift
you
up,
so
you
do
not
even
strike
your
foot
against
a
stone.’”
“Scripture
also
says,”
answered
Jesus,
“‘You
must
not
tempt
the
Lord
your
God.’”
The
third
time,
the
devil
took
Jesus
to
a
very
high
mountain,
and,
showing
him
all
the
kingdoms
of
the
world
and
their
splendor,
said
to
him:
“All
these
I
will
give
you,
if
you
will
fall
at
my
feet
and
worship
me.”
Then
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Go
away,
Satan!
For
scripture
says –
‘You
must
worship
the
Lord
your
God,
and
worship
him
only.’”
Then
the
devil
left
him
alone,
and
angels
came
and
helped
him.
The
Work
in
Galilee
When Jesus
heard
that
John
had
been
arrested,
he
returned
to
Galilee.
Afterward,
leaving
Nazareth,
he
went
and
settled
at
Capernaum,
which
is
by
the
side
of
the
sea,
within
the
borders
of
Zebulun
and
Naphtali;
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophet
Isaiah –
‘The
land
of
Zebulun
and
the
land
of
Naphtali,
the
land
of
the
Road
by
the
sea,
and
beyond
the
Jordan,
with
Galilee
of
the
Gentiles –
The
people
who
were
living
in
darkness
have
seen
a
great
light,
and,
for
those
who
were
living
in
the shadow-land
of
death,
a
light
has
dawned!’
At
that
time
Jesus
began
to
proclaim –
“Repent,
for
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
at
hand.”
As
Jesus
was
walking
along
the
shore
of
the
Sea
of
Galilee,
he
saw
two
brothers –
Simon,
also
known
as
Peter,
and
his
brother Andrew –
casting
a
net
into
the
sea;
for
they
were
fishermen.
“Come
and
follow
me,”
Jesus
said,
“and
I
will
teach
you
to
fish
for
people.”
The
two
men
left
their
nets
at
once
and
followed
him.
Going
further
on,
he
saw
two
other
men
who
were
also
brothers,
James,
Zebedee’s
son,
and
his
brother
John,
in
their
boat
with
their
father,
mending
their
nets.
Jesus
called
them,
and
they
at
once
left
their
boat
and
their
father,
and
followed
him.
Jesus
went
all
through
Galilee,
teaching
in
their
synagogues,
proclaiming
the
good
news
of
the
kingdom,
and curing
every
kind
of
disease
and
every
kind
of
sickness
among
the
people;
and
his
fame
spread
all
through
Syria.
They
brought
to
him
all
who
were
ill
with
any
form
of
disease,
or
who
were
suffering
pain –
any
who
were
either
possessed
by
demons,
or
were
lunatic,
or
paralyzed;
and
he
cured
them.
He
was
followed
by
large
crowds
from
Galilee,
the
district
of
the
Ten
Towns,
Jerusalem,
Judea,
and
from
beyond
the
Jordan.
On
seeing
the
crowds
of
people,
Jesus
went
up
the
hill;
and,
when
he
had
taken
his
seat,
his
disciples
came
up
to
him;
and
he
began
to
teach
them,
saying:
“Blessed
are
the
poor
in
spirit,
for
theirs
is
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
Blessed
are
the
mourners,
for
they
will
be
comforted.
Blessed
are
the
gentle,
for
they
will
inherit
the
earth.
Blessed
are
those
who
hunger
and
thirst
for
righteousness,
for
they
will
be
satisfied.
Blessed
are
the
merciful,
for
they
will
find
mercy.
Blessed
are
the
pure
in
heart,
for
they
will
see
God.
Blessed
are
the
peacemakers,
for
they
will
be
called
children
of
God.
Blessed
are
those
who
have
been
persecuted
in
the
cause
of
righteousness,
for
theirs
is
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
“Blessed
are
you
when
people
insult
you,
and
persecute
you,
and
say
all
kinds
of
evil
lies
about
you
because
of
me.
Be
glad
and
rejoice,
because
your
reward
in
heaven
will
be
great;
this
is
the
way
they
persecuted
the
prophets
who
lived
before
you.
“You
are
salt
for
the
world.
But
if
salt
becomes
tasteless,
how
can
it
be
made salty
again?
It
is
no
longer
good
for
anything,
but
is
thrown
away,
and
trampled
underfoot.
It
is
you
who
are
the
light
of
the
world.
A
town
that
stands
on
a
hill
cannot
be
hidden.
People
do
not
light
a
lamp
and
put
it
under
a
basket,
but
on
the lamp-stand,
where
it
gives
light
to
everyone
in
the
house.
Let
your
light
so
shine
before
the
eyes
of
others
so
that,
seeing
your
good
actions,
they
will
praise
your
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
“Do
not
think
that
I
have
come
to
do
away
with
the
Law
or
the
prophets;
I
have
not
come
to
do
away
with
them,
but
to
complete
them.
For
I
tell
you,
until
the
heavens
and
the
earth
disappear,
not
even
the
smallest
letter,
nor
one
stroke
of
a
letter,
will
disappear
from
the
Law
until
all
is
done.
Whoever,
therefore,
breaks
one
of
these
commandments,
even
the
least
of
them,
and
teaches
others
to
do
so,
will
be
the
least
esteemed
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven;
but
whoever
keeps
them,
and
teaches
others
to
do
so,
will
be
esteemed
great
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
Indeed
I
tell
you
that,
unless
you
obey
God’s
commands
better
than
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
Pharisees,
you
will
never
enter
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
“You
have
heard
that
to
our
ancestors
it
was
said – ‘You
must
not
commit
murder,’
and ‘Whoever
commits
murder
will
be
brought
to
trial.’
But
I
say
to
you
that
anyone
who
is
angry
at
their
brother
or
sister
will
be
brought
to
trial;
and
whoever
insults
their
brother
or
sister
will
be
brought
before
the
High
Council,
while
whoever
calls
them
a
fool
will
be
in
danger
of
the
fires
of Gehenna.
Therefore,
when
presenting
your
gift
at
the
altar,
if
even
there
you
remember
that
your
brother
or
sister
has
something
against
you,
leave
your
gift
there,
before
the
altar,
go
and
be
reconciled
to
them,
first,
then
come
and
present
your
gift.
Be
ready
to
make
friends
with
your
opponent,
even
when
you
meet
them
on
your
way
to
the
court;
otherwise
they
might
hand
you
over
to
the
judge,
and
the
judge
to
the judicial
officer,
and
you
will
be
thrown
into
prison.
I
tell
you,
you
will
not
come
out
until
you
have
paid
the
last
cent.
“You
have
heard
that
it
was
said – ‘You
must
not
commit
adultery.’
But
I
say
to
you
that
anyone
who
looks
at
a
woman
and
desires
her
has
already
committed
adultery
with
her
in
his
heart.
If
your
right
eye
causes
you
to
sin,
take
it
out
and
throw
it
away.
It
would
be
best
for
you
to
lose
one
part
of
your
body,
and
not
to
have
the
whole
of
it
thrown
into Gehenna.
And,
if
your
right
hand
causes
you
to
sin,
cut
it
off
and
throw
it
away.
It
would
be
best
for
you
to
lose
one
part
of
your
body,
and
not
to
have
the
whole
of
it
go
down
to Gehenna.
“It
was
also
said – ‘Let
anyone
who
divorces
his
wife
serve
her
with
a
notice
of
separation.’
But
I
say
to
you
that
anyone
who
divorces
his
wife,
except
on
the
ground
of
some
serious
sexual
sin,
leads
to
her
committing
adultery;
while
anyone
who
marries
her
after
her
divorce
is
guilty
of
adultery.
Again,
you
have
heard
that
our
ancestors
were
told – ‘Do
not
break
your
oaths,
keep
your
vows
to
the
Lord.’
But
I
say
to
you
that
you
must
not
swear
at
all,
either
by
heaven,
since
that
is
God’s
throne,
or
by
the
earth,
since
that
is
his
footstool,
or
by
Jerusalem,
since
that
is
the
city
of
the
Great
King.
Nor
should
you
swear
by
your
head,
since
you
cannot
make
a
single
hair
either
white
or
black.
Let
your
words
be
simply ‘Yes’
or ‘No’;
anything
beyond
this
comes
from
what
is
evil.
“You
have
heard
that
it
was
said – ‘An
eye
for
an
eye
and
a
tooth
for
a
tooth.’
But
I
say
to
you
that
you
must
not
resist
those
who
wrong
you;
but,
if
anyone
strikes
you
on
the
right
cheek,
turn
the
other
to
them
also.
If
someone
sues
you
for
your
shirt,
let
them
have
your
cloak
as
well.
If
you
are
forced
to
carry
a
soldier’s
pack
for
one
mile,
carry
it
two.
Give
to
anyone
who
asks
and,
if
someone
wants
to
borrow
from
you,
do
not
turn
them
away.
You
have
heard
that
it
was
said – ‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
and
hate
your
enemy.’
But
what
I
tell
you
is
this:
love
your
enemies,
and
pray
for
those
who
persecute
you,
so
that
you
may
become
children
of
your
Father
who
is
in
heaven;
for
he
causes
his
sun
to
rise
on
bad
and
good
alike,
and
sends
rain
on
the
righteous
and
on
the
unrighteous.
For,
if
you
love
only
those
who
love
you,
what
reward
will
you
have?
Even
the
tax
collectors
do
this!
And,
if
you
only
welcome
your
brothers
and
sisters,
what
are
you
doing
more
than
others?
Even
the
Gentiles
do
this!
You,
then,
must
become
perfect –
as
your
heavenly
Father
is
perfect.
“Take
care
not
to
perform
your religious
duties
in
public
in
order
to
be
seen
by
others;
if
you
do,
your
Father
who
is
in
heaven
has
no
reward
for
you.
Therefore,
when
you
do
acts
of
charity,
do
not
have
a
trumpet
blown
in
front
of
you,
as
hypocrites
do
in
the
synagogues
and
in
the
streets
so
that
people
will
praise
them.
There,
I
tell
you,
is
their
reward!
But,
when
you
do
acts
of
charity,
do
not
let
your
left
hand
know
what
your
right
hand
is
doing,
so
that
your
charity
may
be
secret;
and
your
Father,
who
sees
what
is
in
secret,
will
reward
you.
“And,
when
you
pray,
you
are
not
to
behave
as
hypocrites
do.
They
like
to
pray
standing
in
the
synagogues
and
at
the
corners
of
the
streets,
so
that
people
will
see
them.
There,
I
tell
you,
is
their
reward!
But,
when
one
of
you
prays,
they
should
go
into
their
own
room,
shut
the
door,
and
pray
to
their
Father
who
dwells
in
secret;
and
their
Father,
who
sees
what
is
secret,
will
reward
them.
When
praying,
do
not
repeat
the
same
words
over
and
over
again,
as
is
done
by
the
Gentiles,
who
think
that
by
using
many
words
they
will
obtain
a
hearing.
Do
not
imitate
them;
for
God,
your
Father,
knows
what
you
need
before
you
ask
him.
You,
therefore,
should
pray
like
this –
‘Our
Father,
who
is
in
heaven,
may
your
name
be
held
holy,
your
kingdom
come,
your
will
be
done –
on
earth,
as
in
heaven.
Give
us
today
the
bread
that
we
will
need;
and
forgive
us
our wrongdoings,
as
we
have
forgiven
those
who
have
wronged
us;
and
take
us
not
into
temptation,
but
deliver
us
from
evil.’
For,
if
you
forgive
others
their
offenses,
your
heavenly
Father
will
forgive
you
also;
but,
if
you
do
not
forgive
others
their
offenses,
not
even
your
Father
will
forgive
your
offenses.
“And,
when
you
fast,
do
not
put
on
gloomy
looks,
as
hypocrites
do
who disfigure
their
faces
so
that
they
may
be
seen
by
people
to
be
fasting.
That,
I
tell
you,
is
their
reward!
But,
when
one
of
you fasts,
they
should
anoint
their
head
and
wash
their
face,
so
that
they
may
not
be
seen
by
people
to
be
fasting,
but
by
their
Father
who
dwells
in
secret;
and
their
Father,
who
sees
what
is
secret,
will
reward
them.
“Do
not
store
up
treasures
for
yourselves
on
earth,
where
moth
and
rust
destroy,
and
where
thieves
break
in
and
steal.
But
store
up
treasures
for
yourselves
in
heaven,
where
neither
moth
nor
rust
destroys,
and
where
thieves
do
not
break
in
or
steal.
For
where
your
treasure
is,
there
will
your
heart
be
also.
The
lamp
of
the
body
is
the
eye.
If
your
eye
is unclouded,
your
whole
body
will
be
lit
up;
but,
if
your
eye
is
diseased,
your
whole
body
will
be
darkened.
And,
if
the
inner
light
is
darkness,
how
intense
must
that
darkness
be!
No
one
can
serve
two
masters,
for
either
they
will
hate
one
and
love
the
other,
or
else
they
will
attach
themselves
to
one
and
despise
the
other.
You
cannot
serve
both
God
and
Money.
“This
is
why
I
say
to
you,
Do
not
be
anxious
about
your
life –
what
you
can
get
to
eat
or
drink,
or
about
your
body –
what
you
can
get
to
wear.
Is
not
life
more
than
food,
and
the
body
more
than
clothing?
Look
at
the
wild
birds –
they
neither
sow,
nor
reap,
nor
gather
into
barns;
and
yet
your
heavenly
Father
feeds
them!
Aren’t
you
more
precious
than
they?
But
which
of
you,
by
being
anxious,
can
prolong
their
life
a
single
moment?
And
why
be
anxious
about
clothing?
Study
the
wild
lilies,
and
how
they
grow.
They
neither
toil
nor
spin;
yet
I
tell
you
that
even
Solomon
in
all
his
splendor
was
not robed
like
one
of
these.
If
God
so
clothes
even
the
grass
of
the
field,
which
is
living
today
and
tomorrow
will
be
thrown
into
the
oven,
won’t
he
much
more
clothe
you,
you
of
little
faith?
Do
not
then
ask
anxiously ‘What
can
we
get
to
eat?’
or ‘What
can
we
get
to
drink?’
or ‘What
can
we
get
to
wear?’
All
these
are
the
things
for
which
the
nations
are
seeking,
and
your
heavenly
Father
knows
that
you
need
them
all.
But
first
seek
his
kingdom
and
the
righteousness
that
he
requires,
and
then
all
these
things
will
be
added
for
you.
Therefore
do
not
be
anxious
about
tomorrow,
for
tomorrow
will
bring
its
own anxieties.
Every
day
has
trouble
enough
of
its
own.
“Do
not
judge
and
you
will
not
be
judged.
For,
just
as
you
judge
others,
you
will
yourselves
be
judged,
and
the
standard
that
you
use
will
be
used
for
you.
Why
do
you
look
at
the
speck
of sawdust
in
your
friend’s
eye,
while
you
pay
no
attention
at
all
to
the plank
of
wood
in
yours?
How
will
you
say
to
your
friend ‘Let
me
take
out
the
speck
from
your
eye,’
when
all
the
time
there
is
a plank
in
your
own?
Hypocrite!
Take
out
the plank
from
your
own
eye
first,
and
then
you
will
see
clearly
how
to
take
out
the
speck
from
your
friend’s.
“Do
not
give
what
is
sacred
to
dogs;
they
will
turn
and
maul
you.
Do
not
throw
your
pearls
before
pigs;
they
will
trample
them
underfoot.
Ask,
and
it
will
be
given
to
you;
search,
and
you
will
find;
knock,
and
the
door
will
be
opened
to
you.
For
the
person
who
asks
receives,
the
person
who
searches
finds,
and
to
the
door
will
be
opened
to
the
person
who
knocks.
Who
among
you,
when
their
child
asks
them
for
bread,
will
give
them
a
stone,
or
when
they
ask
for
a
fish,
will
give
them
a
snake?
If
you,
then,
wicked
though
you
are,
know
how
to
give
good
gifts
to
your
children,
how
much
more
will
your
Father
who
is
in
heaven
give
what
is
good
to
those
who
ask
him!
“Do
to
others
whatever
you
would
wish
them
to
do
to
you;
for
that
is
the
teaching
of
both
the
Law
and
the
prophets.
Go
in
by
the
small
gate.
The
road
that
leads
to
destruction
is
broad
and
spacious,
and
many
go
in
by
it.
For
the
gate
is
small,
and
the
road
narrow,
that
leads
to
life,
and
there
are
few
who
find
it.
“Beware
of
false
teachers –
people
who
come
to
you
in
the guise
of
sheep,
but
at
heart
they
are
ravenous
wolves.
By
the
fruit
of
their
lives
you
will
know
them.
Do
people
pick
grapes
from
thorn
bushes,
or
figs
from
thistles?
So,
too,
every
sound
tree
bears
good
fruit,
while
a
worthless
tree
bears
bad
fruit.
A
sound
tree
cannot
produce
bad
fruit,
nor
can
a
worthless
tree
bear
good
fruit.
Every
tree
that
fails
to
bear
good
fruit
is
cut
down
and
thrown
into
the
fire.
So
it
is
by
the
fruit
of
their
lives
that
you
will
know
such
people.
Not
everyone
who
says
to
me ‘Master!
Master!’
will
enter
the
kingdom
of
heaven,
but
only
he
who
does
the
will
of
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
On
that
day
many
will
say
to
me ‘Master,
Master,
was
not
it
in
your
name
that
we
taught,
and
in
your
name
that
we
drove
out
demons,
and
in
your
name
that
we
did
many
miracles?’
And
then
I
will
say
to
them
plainly ‘I
never
knew
you.
Go
from
my
presence,
you
who
live
in
sin.’
“Everyone,
therefore,
who
listens
to
this
teaching
of
mine
and
acts
on
it
may
be
compared
to
a
prudent
person,
who
built
their
house
on
the
rock.
The
rain
poured
down,
the
rivers
rose,
the
winds
blew
and
beat
on
that
house,
but
it
did
not
fall,
for
its
foundations
were
on
the
rock.
Everyone
who
listens
to
this
teaching
of
mine
and
does
not
act
on
it
may
be
compared
to
a
foolish
person,
who
built
their
house
on
the
sand.
The
rain
poured
down,
the
rivers
rose,
the
winds
blew
and
struck
against
that
house,
and
it
fell
with
a
great
crash.”
By
the
time
that
Jesus
had
finished
speaking,
the
crowd
was
filled
with amazement
at
his
teaching.
For
he
taught
them
like
one
who
had
authority,
and
not
like
their
teachers
of
the
Law.
When
Jesus
had
come
down
from
the
hill,
great
crowds
followed
him.
He
saw
a
leper
who
came
up,
and
bowed
to
the
ground
before
him,
and
said, “Master,
if
only
you
are
willing,
you
are
able
to
make
me
clean.”
Stretching
out
his
hand,
Jesus
touched
him,
saying
as
he
did
so,
“I
am
willing;
become
clean.”
Instantly
he
was
made
clean
from
his
leprosy;
and
then
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Be
careful
not
to
say
a
word
to
anyone,
but
go
and
show
yourself
to
the
priest,
and
offer
the
gift
directed
by
Moses,
as
evidence
of
your
cure.”
After
Jesus
had
entered
Capernaum,
a
centurion
in
the Roman
army
came
up
to
him, entreating
his
help.
“Sir,”
he
said, “my
manservant
is
lying
ill
at
my
house
with
a
stroke
of paralysis,
and
is
suffering
terribly.”
“I
will
come
and
cure
him,”
answered
Jesus.
“Sir,”
the
centurion
went
on, “I
am
unworthy
to
receive
you
under
my
roof;
but
only
speak,
and
my
manservant
will
be
cured.
For
I
myself
am
a
man
under
the
orders
of
others,
with
soldiers
under
me;
and,
if
I
say
to
one
of
them ‘Go,’
he
goes,
and
to
another ‘Come,’
he
comes,
and
to
my
slave ‘Do
this,’
he
does
it.”
Jesus
was
surprised
to
hear
this,
and
said
to
those
who
were
following
him,
“Never
I
tell
you,
in
any
Israelite
have
I
met
with
such
faith
as
this!
Yes,
and
many
will
come
in
from
East
and
West
and
take
their
places
beside
Abraham,
Isaac,
and
Jacob,
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven;
while
the
heirs
to
the
kingdom
will
be
banished
into
the
darkness
outside;
there,
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.”
Then
Jesus
said
to
the
centurion,
“Go
now,
and
it
will
be
according
to
your
faith.”
And
the
man
was
cured
that
very
hour.
When
Jesus
went
into
Peter’s
house,
he
saw
Peter’s
mother-in-law
prostrated
with
fever.
On
his
taking
her
hand,
the
fever
left
her,
and
she
rose
and
began
to
take
care
of
him.
In
the
evening
the
people
brought
to
Jesus
many
who
were
possessed
by
demons;
and
he
drove
out
the
spirits
with
a
word,
and
cured
all
who
were
ill,
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophet
Isaiah – ‘He
took
our
infirmities
on
himself,
and
bore
the
burden
of
our
diseases.’
Seeing
a
crowd
around
him,
Jesus
gave
orders
to
go
across.
A
teacher
of
the
Law
came
up
to
him,
and
said, “Teacher,
I
will
follow
you
wherever
you
go.”
“Foxes
have
holes,”
answered
Jesus,
“and
wild
birds
their
nests,
but
the
Son
of
Man
has
nowhere
to
lay
his
head.”
“Master,”
said
another,
who
was
a
disciple, “let
me
first
go
and
bury
my
father.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“Follow
me,
and
leave
the
dead
to
bury
their
dead.”
Then
he
got
into
the
boat,
followed
by
his
disciples.
Suddenly
so
great
a
storm
came
up
on
the
sea,
that
the
waves
broke
right
over
the
boat.
But
Jesus
was
asleep;
and
the
disciples
came
and
roused
him. “Master,”
they
cried, “save
us;
we
are
lost!”
“Why
are
you
so
timid?”
he
said.
“You
of
little
faith!”
Then
Jesus
rose
and
rebuked
the
winds
and
the
sea,
and
a
great
calm
followed.
The
men
were
amazed,
and
exclaimed, “What
kind
of
man
is
this,
that
even
the
winds
and
the
sea
obey
him!”
On
getting
to
the
other
side –
the
region
of
the
Gadarenes –
Jesus
met
two
men
who
were
possessed
by
demons,
coming
out
of
the
tombs.
They
were
so
violent
that
no
one
was
able
to
pass
that
way.
Suddenly
they shrieked
out, “What
do
you
want
with
us,
Son
of
God?
Have
you
come
here
to
torment
us
before
our
time?”
A
long
way
off,
there
was
a
herd
of
many
pigs,
feeding;
and
the
foul
spirits
began
begging
Jesus, “If
you
drive
us
out,
send
us
into
the
herd
of
pigs.”
“Go,”
he
said.
The
spirits
came
out,
and
entered
the
pigs;
and
the
whole
herd
rushed
down
the
steep
slope
into
the
sea,
and
died
in
the
water.
At
this
the
men
who tended
them
ran
away
and
went
to
the
town,
carrying
the
news
of
all
that
had
occurred,
and
of
what
had
happened
to
the
possessed
men.
At
the
news
the
whole
town
went
out
to
meet
Jesus,
and,
when
they
saw
him,
they
entreated
him
to
go
away
from
their
region.
Afterward
Jesus
got
into
a
boat,
and,
crossing
over,
came
to
his
own
city.
There
some
people
brought
to
him
a
paralyzed
man
on
a
bed.
When
Jesus
saw
their
faith,
he
said
to
the
man,
“Courage,
child!
Your
sins
are
forgiven.”
Then
some
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law
said
to
themselves, “This
man
is
blaspheming!”
Knowing
their
thoughts,
Jesus
exclaimed,
“Why
do
your
cherish
such
wicked
thoughts?
Which,
I
ask,
is
the
easier? –
to
say ‘Your
sins
are forgiven’?
Or
to
say ‘Get
up,
and walk’?
But
to
show
you
that
the
Son
of
Man
has
power
on
earth
to
forgive
sins” –
then
he
said
to
the
paralyzed
man –
“Get
up,
take
up
your
bed,
and
return
to
your
home.”
The
man
got
up
and
went
to
his
home.
When
the
crowd
saw
this,
they
were awe-struck,
and
praised
God
for
giving
such
power
to
human
beings.
As
Jesus
went
along,
he
saw
a
man,
called
Matthew,
sitting
in
the
tax
office,
and
said
to
him,
“Follow
me.”
Matthew
got
up
and
followed
him.
And,
later
on,
when
he
was
having
dinner
in
the
house,
a
number
of
tax
collectors
and
outcasts
came
in
and
took
their
places
at
the
table
with
Jesus
and
his
disciples.
When
the
Pharisees
saw
this,
they
said
to
his
disciples, “Why
does
your
teacher
eat
in
the
company
of
tax
collectors
and
outcasts?”
On
hearing
this,
Jesus
said,
“It
is
not
those
who
are
healthy
who
need
a
doctor,
but
those
who
are
ill.
Go
and
learn
what
this
means – ‘I
desire
mercy,
and
not sacrifice’;
for
I
did
not
come
to
call
the religious,
but
the
outcast.”
Then
John’s
disciples
came
to
Jesus,
and
asked, “Why
do
we
and
the
Pharisees
fast
while
your
disciples
do
not?”
Jesus
answered,
“Can
the groom’s
friends
mourn
as
long
as
the
groom
is
with
them?
But
the
days
will
come,
when
the
groom
will
be
taken
away
from
them,
and
they
will
fast
then.
Nobody
ever
puts
a
piece
of unshrunk
cloth
on
an
old
garment;
for
such
a
patch
tears
away
from
the
garment,
and
a
worse
tear
is
made.
Nor
do
people
put
new
wine
into
old wine-skins;
for,
if
they
do,
the
skins
burst,
and
the
wine
runs
out,
and
the
skins
are
lost;
but
they
put
new
wine
into
fresh
skins,
and
so
both
are
preserved.”
While
Jesus
was
saying
this,
a synagogue
leader
came
up
and
bowed
to
the
ground
before
him. “My
daughter,”
he
said, “has
just
died;
but
come
and
place
your
hand
on
her,
and
she
will
be
restored
to
life.”
So
Jesus
rose
and
followed
him,
and
his
disciples
went
also.
But
meanwhile
a
woman,
who
had
been
suffering
from hemorrhage
for
twelve
years,
came
up
behind
and
touched
the
tassel
of
his
cloak.
“If
I
only
touch
his
cloak,”
she
said
to
herself, “I
will
get
well.”
Turning
and
seeing
her,
Jesus
said,
“Courage,
daughter!
Your
faith
has
delivered
you.”
And
at
that
very
moment
she
became
well.
When
Jesus
reached
the leader’s
house,
seeing
the
flute
players,
and
a
number
of
people
all
in
confusion,
he
said,
“Go
away,
the
little
girl
is
not
dead;
she
is
asleep.”
They
began
to
laugh
at
him;
but,
when
the
people
had
been
sent
out,
Jesus
went
in,
and
took
the
little
girl’s
hand,
and
she
rose.
The
report
of
this
spread
through
all
that
part
of
the
country.
As
Jesus
was
passing
on
from
there,
he
was
followed
by
two
blind
men,
who
kept
calling
out, “Take
pity
on
us,
Son
of
David!”
When
he
had
gone indoors,
the
blind
men
came
up
to
him;
and
Jesus
asked
them,
“Do
you
believe
that
I
am
able
to
do
this?” “Yes,
Master!”
they
answered.
Then
he
touched
their
eyes,
and
said,
“It
will
be
according
to
your
faith.”
Then
their
eyes
were
opened.
Jesus
sternly cautioned
them.
“See
that
no
one
knows
of
it,”
he
said.
But
the
men
went
out,
and
spread
the
news
about
him
through
all
that
part
of
the
country.
Just
as
they
were
going
out,
some
people
brought
up
to
Jesus
a
dumb
man
who
was
possessed
by
a demon;
and,
as
soon
as
the
demon
had
been
driven
out,
the
dumb
man
spoke.
The
people
were
astonished
at
this,
and
exclaimed, “Nothing
like
this
has
ever
been
seen
in
Israel!”
But
the
Pharisees
said, “He
drives
out
the
demons
by
the
help
of
the
chief
of
the
demons.”
Jesus
went
around
all
the
towns
and
the
villages,
teaching
in
their
synagogues,
proclaiming
the
good
news
of
the
kingdom,
and curing
every
kind
of
disease
and
every
kind
of
sickness.
But,
when
he
saw
the
crowds,
his
heart
was
moved
with
compassion
for
them,
because
they
were
distressed
and
harassed,
like
sheep
without
a
shepherd;
and
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“The
harvest
is
abundant,
but
the
laborers
are
few.
Therefore
pray
to
the
owner
of
the
harvest
to
send
laborers
to
gather
in
his
harvest.”
Calling
his
twelve
Disciples
to
him,
Jesus
gave
them
authority
over
foul
spirits,
so
that
they
could
drive
them
out,
as
well
as
the
power
of curing
every
kind
of
disease
and
every
kind
of
sickness.
The
names
of
the
twelve apostles
are
these,
First
Simon,
also
known
as
Peter,
and
his
brother Andrew;
James
the
son
of
Zebedee,
and
his
brother
John;
Philip
and Bartholomew;
Thomas
and
Matthew
the tax-gather;
James
the
son
of Alphaeus,
and
Thaddaeus;
Simon
the
Zealot,
and
Judas
Iscariot –
the apostle
who
betrayed
him.
These
twelve
Jesus
sent
out
as
his
messengers,
after
giving
them
these
instructions –
“Do
not
go
to
the
Gentiles,
nor
enter
any
Samaritan
town,
but
make
your
way
rather
to
the
lost
sheep
of
Israel.
On
your
way
proclaim
that
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
at
hand.
Cure
the
sick,
raise
the
dead,
make
the
lepers
clean,
drive
out
demons.
You
have
received
free
of
cost,
give
free
of
cost.
Do
not
provide
yourselves
with
gold,
or
silver,
or
coins
in
your
purses;
not
even
with
a
bag
for
the
journey,
or
a
change
of
clothes,
or
sandals,
or
even
a
staff;
for
the
worker
is
worth
his
food.
Whatever
town
or
village
you
visit,
find
out
who
is
worthy
in
that
place,
and
remain
there
until
you
leave.
As
you
enter
the
house,
greet
it.
Then,
if
the
house
is
worthy,
let
your
blessing
rest
on
it,
but,
if
it
is
unworthy,
let
your
blessing
return
on
yourselves.
If
no
one
welcomes
you,
or
listens
to
what
you
say,
as
you
leave
that
house
or
that
town,
shake
off
its
dust
from
your
feet.
I
tell
you,
the
doom
of
the
land
of
Sodom
and
Gomorrah
will
be
more bearable
in
the
day
of
judgment
than
the
doom
of
that
town.
“Remember,
I
am
sending
you
out
as
my
messengers
like
sheep
among
wolves.
So
be
as
wise
as
snakes,
and
as
blameless
as
doves.
Be
on
your
guard
against
others,
for
they
will
betray
you
to
courts
of
law,
and
scourge
you
in
their
synagogues;
and
you
will
be
brought
before
governors
and
kings
for
my
sake
so
that
you
may
witness
for
me
before
them
and
the
nations.
Whenever
they
betray
you,
do
not
be
anxious
as
to
how
you
will
speak
or
what
you
will
say,
for
what
you
will
say
will
be
given
you
at
the
moment;
for
it
will
not
be
you
who
speak,
but
the
Spirit
of
your
Father
that
speaks
within
you.
Brother
will
betray
brother
to
death,
and
the
father
his
child;
and
children
will
turn
against
their
parents,
and
cause
them
to
be
put
to
death;
and
you
will
be
hated
by
everyone
because
of
me.
Yet
the
person
who
endures
to
the
end
will
be
saved.
But,
when
they
persecute
you
in
one
town,
escape
to
the
next;
for,
I
tell
you,
you
will
not
have
come
to
the
end
of
the
towns
of
Israel
before
the
Son
of
Man
comes.
A student
is
not
above
his
teacher,
nor
a
servant
above
his
master.
It
is
enough
for
a student
to
be
treated
like
his
teacher,
and
a
servant
like
his
master.
If
the
head
of
the
house
has
been
called Beelzebul,
how
much
more
the
members
of
his
household!
Do
not,
therefore,
be
afraid
of
them.
There
is
nothing
concealed
which
will
not
be
revealed,
nor
anything
hidden
which
will
not
become
known.
What
I
tell
you
in
the
dark,
say
again
in
the
light;
and
what
is
whispered
in
your
ear,
proclaim
on
the
housetops.
Do
not
be
afraid
of
those
who
kill
the
body,
but
are
unable
to
kill
the
soul;
rather
be
afraid
of
him
who
is
able
to
destroy
both
soul
and
body
in Gehenna.
Are
not
two
sparrows
sold
for
a
one
copper coin?
Yet
not
one
of
them
will
fall
to
the
ground
without
your
Father’s
knowledge.
While
as
for
you,
even
the
hairs
of
your
head
are
numbered.
Do
not,
therefore,
be
afraid;
you
are
of
more
value
than
many
sparrows.
Everyone,
therefore,
who
will
publicly
acknowledge
me,
I,
too,
will
acknowledge
before
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven;
but,
if
anyone
publicly disowns
me,
I,
too,
will disown
him
before
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
“Do
not
imagine
that
I
have
come
to
bring
peace
to
the
earth.
I
have
come
to
bring,
not
peace,
but
the
sword.
For
I
have
come
to
set
a
man
against
his
father,
and
a
daughter
against
her
mother,
and
a
daughter-in-law
against
her
mother-in-law.
A
person’s
enemies
will
be
the
members
of
their
own
household.
Anyone
who
loves
father
or
mother
more
than
me
is
not
worthy
of
me;
and
anyone
who
loves
son
or
daughter
more
than
me
is
not
worthy
of
me.
Anyone
who
does
not
take
their
cross
and
follow
in
my
steps
is
not
worthy
of
me.
The
person
who
has
found
their
life
will
lose
it,
while
the
person
who,
for
my
sake,
has
lost
their
life
will
find
it.
“Anyone
who
welcomes
you
is welcoming
me;
and
anyone
who
welcomes
me
is welcoming
him
who
sent
me
as
his
messenger.
The
person
who
welcomes
a
prophet,
because
they
are
a
prophet,
will
receive
a
prophet’s
reward;
and
anyone
who
welcomes
a
good
person,
because
they
are
a
good
person,
will
receive
a
good
person’s
reward.
And,
if
anyone
gives
but
a
cup
of
cold
water
to
one
of
these
little
ones
because
they
are
a
disciple,
I
tell
you
that
they
will
assuredly
not
lose
their
reward.”
After
Jesus
had
finished
giving
directions
to
his
twelve
Disciples,
he
left
that
place
in
order
to
teach
and
preach
in
their
towns.
Now
John
had
heard
in
prison
what
the
Christ
was
doing,
and
he
sent
a
message
by
his
disciples,
and
asked – “Are
you ‘the
coming
one,’
or
are
we
to
look
for
someone
else?”
The
answer
of
Jesus
to
the
question
was –
“Go
and
report
to
John
what
you
hear
and
see –
the
blind
recover
their
sight
and
the
lame
walk,
the
lepers
are
made
clean
and
the
deaf
hear,
the
dead,
too,
are
raised
to
life,
and
the
good
news
is
told
to
the
poor.
Blessed
is
the
person
who
finds
no hindrance
in
me.”
While
John’s
disciples
were
going
back,
Jesus
began
to
say
to
the
crowds
with
reference
to
John,
“What
did
you
go
out
into
the
wilderness
to
look
at?
A
reed
waving
in
the
wind?
If
not,
what
did
you
go
out
to
see?
A
man
richly
dressed?
Why,
those
who
wear
rich
things
are
to
be
found
in
the
courts
of
kings!
What,
then,
did
you
go
for?
To
see
a
prophet?
Yes,
I
tell
you,
and
far
more
than
a
prophet.
This
is
the
man
of
whom
scripture
says – ‘I
am
sending
my
messenger
ahead
of
you,
and
he
will
prepare
your
way
before
you.’
I
tell
you,
no
one
born
of
a
woman
has
yet
appeared
who
is
greater
than
John
the Baptist;
and
yet
the
least
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
greater
than
he.
From
the
time
of
John
the Baptist
to
this
very
hour,
the
kingdom
of
heaven
has
been
taken
by
force,
and
people
using
force
have
been
seizing
it.
For
the
teaching
of
all
the
prophets
and
of
the
Law
continued
until
the
time
of
John;
and –
if
you
are
ready
to
accept
it –
John
is
himself
the
Elijah
who
was
destined
to
come.
If
you
have
ears,
listen.
But
to
what
will
I
compare
the
present
generation?
It
is
like
little
children
sitting
in
the market-places
and
calling
out
to
their playmates –
We
have
played
the
flute
for
you,
but
you
have
not
danced;
We
have
wailed,
but
you
have
not
mourned.
For,
when
John
came,
neither
eating
nor
drinking,
people
said ‘He
has
a
demon
in him’;
and
now
that
the
Son
of
Man
has
come,
eating
and
drinking,
they
are
saying ‘Here
is
a
glutton
and
a wine-drinker,
a
friend
of
tax
collectors
and
outcasts!’
And
yet
wisdom
is
vindicated
by
her
actions.”
Then
Jesus
began
to
reproach
the
towns
in
which
most
of
his
miracles
had
been
done,
because
they
had
not
repented,
“Alas
for
you,
Chorazin!
Alas
for
you, Bethsaida!
For,
if
the
miracles
which
were
done
in
you
had
been
done
in
Tyre
and
Sidon,
they
would
have
repented
long
ago
in
sackcloth
and
ashes.
Yet,
I
tell
you,
the
doom
of
Tyre
and
Sidon
will
be
more bearable
in
the
day
of
judgment
than
yours.
And
you,
Capernaum!
Will
you
exalt
yourself
to
heaven?
You
will
be flung
down
to Hades!
For,
if
the
miracles
which
have
been
done
in
you
had
been
done
in
Sodom,
it
would
have
been
standing
to
this
day.
Yet,
I
tell
you,
the
doom
of
Sodom
will
be
more bearable
in
the
day
of
judgment
than
yours.”
At
that
same
time
Jesus
uttered
the
words,
“I
thank
you,
Father,
Lord
of
heaven
and
earth,
that,
though
you
have
hidden
these
things
from
the
wise
and
learned,
you
have
revealed
them
to
the childlike!
Yes,
Father,
I
thank
you
that
this
has
seemed
good
to
you.
Everything
has
been
committed
to
me
by
my
Father;
nor
does
anyone
fully
know
the
Son,
except
the
Father,
or
fully
know
the
Father,
except
the
Son
and
those
to
whom
the
Son
may
choose
to
reveal
him.
Come
to
me,
all
you
who
toil
and
are
burdened,
and
I
will
give
you
rest!
Take
my
yoke
on
you,
and
learn
from
me,
for
I
am
gentle
and
humble,
and
you
will
find
rest
for
your
souls;
for
my
yoke
is
easy,
and
my
burden
is
light.”
About
the
same
time
Jesus
walked
through
the cornfields
one
Sabbath.
His
disciples
were
hungry,
and
began
to
pick
some
ears
of
wheat
and
eat
them.
But,
when
the
Pharisees
saw
this,
they
said, “Look!
Your
disciples
are
doing
what
it
is
not allowable
to
do
on
a
Sabbath!”
“Haven’t
you
read,”
replied
Jesus,
“what
David
did,
when
he
and
his
companions
were
hungry –
how
he
went
into
the
house
of
God,
and
how
they
ate
the
consecrated
bread,
through
it
was
not allowable
for
him
or
his
companions
to
eat
it,
but
only
for
the
priests?
And
haven’t
you
read
in
the
law
that,
on
the
Sabbath,
the
priest
in
the
Temple
break
the
Sabbath
and
yet
are
not
guilty?
Here,
however,
I
tell
you,
there
is
something
greater
than
the
Temple!
Had
you
learned
the
meaning
of
the
words – ‘I
desire
mercy,
and
not
sacrifice,’
you
would
not
have
condemned
those
who
are
not
guilty.
For
the
Son
of
Man
is
lord
of
the
Sabbath.”
Passing
on,
Jesus
went
into
their
synagogue,
and
there
he
saw
a
man
with
a
withered
hand.
Some
people
asked
Jesus
whether
it
was allowable
to
work
a
cure
on
the
Sabbath –
so
that
they
might
have
a
charge
to
bring
against
him.
But
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Which
of
you,
if
he
had
only
one
sheep,
and
that
sheep
fell
into
a
pit
on
the
Sabbath,
would
not
lay
hold
of
it
and
pull
it
out?
How
much
more
precious
a
person
is
than
a
sheep!
Therefore
it
is allowable
to
do
good
on
the
Sabbath.”
Then
he
said
to
the
man.
“Stretch
out
your
hand.”
The
man
stretched
it
out;
and
it
had
become
as
sound
as
the
other.
On
coming
out,
the
Pharisees
plotted
against
Jesus,
to
put
him
to
death.
Jesus,
however,
became
aware
of
it,
and
went
away
from
that
place.
A
number
of
people
followed
him,
and
he
cured
them
all;
but
he
warned
them
not
to
make
him
known,
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophet
Isaiah –
‘Here
is
my
chosen
servant,
who
I
love
and
who
pleases
me!
I
will
breathe
my
spirit
on
him,
and
he
will
announce
a
time
of
judgment
to
the
Gentiles.
He
will
not
contend,
nor
cry
aloud,
Neither
will
anyone
hear
his
voice
in
the
streets;
a
bruised
reed
he
will
not
break,
and
a
smoldering
wick
he
will
not
quench,
until
he
has
brought
the
judgment
to
a
victorious
issue,
and
on
his
name
will
the
Gentiles
rest
their
hopes.’
Then
some
people
brought
to
Jesus
a
possessed
man,
who
was
blind
and
dumb;
and
he
cured
him,
so
that
the
man
who
had
been
dumb
both
talked
and
saw.
At
this
all
the
people
were
astounded. “Is
it possible
that
this
is
the
son
of
David?”
they
exclaimed.
But
the
Pharisees
heard
of
it
and
said, “He
drives
out
demons
only
by
the
help
of Beelzebul
the
chief
of
the
demons.”
Jesus,
however,
was
aware
of
what
was
passing
in
their
minds,
and
said
to
them,
“Any
kingdom
divided
against
itself
becomes
a
desolation,
and
any
town
or
household
divided
against
itself
will
not
last.
So,
if
Satan
drives
Satan
out,
he
must
be
divided
against
himself;
and
how,
then,
can
his
kingdom
last?
And,
if
it
is
by Beelzebul’s
help
that
I
drive
out
demons,
by
whose
help
is
it
that
your
own
sons
drive
them
out?
Therefore
they
will
themselves
be
your
judges.
But,
if
it
is
by
the
help
of
the
Spirit
of
God
that
I
drive
out
demons,
then
the
kingdom
of
God
must
already
be
upon
you.
How,
again,
can
anyone
get
into
a
strong
man’s
house
and
carry
off
his
goods,
without
first securing
him?
Not
until
then
will
he
plunder
his
house.
Anyone
who
is
not
with
me
is
against
me,
and
the
person
who
does
not
help
me
to
gather
is
scattering.
Therefore,
I
tell
you,
people
will
be
forgiven
every
sin
and
slander;
but
slander
against
the
Holy
Spirit
will
not
be
forgiven.
Whoever
speaks
against
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
forgiven,
but
whoever
speaks
against
the
Holy
Spirit
will
not
be
forgiven,
either
in
the
present
age,
or
in
the
age
to
come.
“You
must
assume
either
that
both
tree
and
fruit
are
good,
or
that
both
tree
and
fruit
are
worthless;
since
it
is
by
its
fruits
that
a
tree
is
known.
You
children
of
snakes!
How
can
you,
evil
as
you
are,
say
anything
good?
For
what
fills
the
heart
will
rise
to
the
lips.
A
good
person,
from
his
good
stores,
produces
good
things;
while
an
evil
person,
from
his
evil
stores,
produces
evil
things.
I
tell
you
that
for
every
careless
thing
that
people
say,
they
must
answer
on
the ‘day
of
judgment.’
For
it
is
by
your
words
that
you
will
be
acquitted,
and
by
your
words
that
you
will
be
condemned.”
At
this
point,
some
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees
spoke
up. “Teacher,”
they
said, “we
want
to
see
some
sign
from
you.”
“It
is
a
wicked
and
unfaithful
generation,”
answered
Jesus,
“that
is
asking
for
a
sign,
and
no
sign
will
be
given
it
except
the
sign
of
the
prophet
Jonah.
For,
just
as
Jonah
was
inside
the sea-monster
three
days
and
three
nights,
so
will
the
Son
of
Man
be
three
days
and
three
nights
in
the
heart
of
the
earth.
At
the
judgment,
the
people
of
Nineveh
will
stand
up
with
this
generation,
and
will
condemn
it,
because
they
repented
at
Jonah’s
proclamation;
and
here
is
more
than
a
Jonah!
At
the
judgment
the
Queen
of
the
South
will
rise
up
with
the
present
generation,
and
will
condemn
it,
because
she
came
from
the
ends
of
the
earth
to
listen
to
the
wisdom
of
Solomon;
and
here
is
more
than
a
Solomon!
No sooner
does
a
foul
spirit
leave
a
person,
than
it
passes
through
places
where
there
is
no
water,
in
search
of
rest,
and
does
not
find
it.
Then
it
says ‘I
will
go
back
to
the
home
which
I left’;
but,
on
coming
there,
it
finds
it
unoccupied,
and
swept,
and
put
in
order.
Then
it
goes
and
brings
with
it
seven
other
spirits
more
wicked
than
itself,
and
they
go
in,
and
make
their
home
there;
and
the
last
state
of
that
man
proves
to
be
worse
than
the
first.
So,
too,
will
it
be
with
this
wicked
generation.”
While
he
was
still
speaking
to
the
crowds,
his
mother
and
brothers
were
standing
outside,
asking
to
speak
to
him.
Someone
told
him
this,
and
Jesus
replied,
“Who
is
my
mother?
And
who
are
my
brothers?”
Then,
stretching
out
his
hands towards
his
disciples,
he
said,
“Here
are
my
mother
and
my
brothers!
For
anyone
who
does
the
will
of
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven
is
my
brother
and
sister
and
mother.”
That
same
day,
when
Jesus
had
left
the
house
and
was
sitting
by
the
sea,
such
great
crowds
gathered
around
him,
that
he
got
into
a
boat,
and
sat
in
it,
while
all
the
people
stood
on
the beach.
Then
he
told
them
many truths
in
parables.
“The
sower,”
he
began,
“went
out
to
sow;
and,
as
they
were
sowing,
some
seed
fell
along
the
path,
and
the
birds
came
and
ate
it
up.
Some
fell
on
rocky
places,
where
it
had
not
much
soil,
and,
because
the
soil
wasn’t
deep,
sprang
up
at
once.
As
soon
as
the
sun
had
risen,
it
was
scorched,
and,
because
their
roots
were
not
deep
enough,
withered
away.
Some,
again,
fell
into
the
brambles;
but
the
brambles
shot
up
and
choked
it.
Some,
however,
fell
on
good
soil,
and
yielded
a
return,
sometimes
one
hundred,
sometimes
sixty,
sometimes
thirty
fold.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear.”
Afterward
his
disciples
came
to
him,
and
said, “Why
do
you
speak
to
them
in
parables?”
“To
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“the
knowledge
of
the
hidden truths
of
the
kingdom
of
heaven
has
been
imparted,
but
not
to
those.
For,
to
all
who
have,
more
will
be
given,
and
they
will
have
abundance;
but,
from
all
who
have
nothing,
even
what
they
have
will
be
taken
away.
That
is
why
I
speak
to
them
in
parables,
because,
though
they
have
eyes,
they
do
not
see,
and
though
they
have
ears,
they
do
not
hear
or
understand.
In
them
is
being
fulfilled
that
prophecy
of
Isaiah
which
says –
‘You
will
hear
with
your
ears
without
ever
understanding,
and,
though
you
have
eyes,
you
will
see
without
ever perceiving,
for
the
mind
of
this
nation
has
grown
dense,
and
their
ears
are
dull
of
hearing,
their
eyes
also
have
they
closed;
otherwise
some
day
they
might
perceive
with
their
eyes,
and
with
their
ears
they
might
hear,
and
in
their
mind
they
might
understand,
and
might
turn –
and
I
might
heal
them.’
p
“But
blessed
are
your
eyes,
for
they
see,
and
your
ears,
for
they
hear;
for
I
tell
you
that
many
prophets
and
good
people
have
longed
for
the
sight
of
the
things
which
you
are
seeing,
yet
never
saw
them,
and
to
hear
the
things
which
you
are
hearing,
yet
never
heard
them.
“Listen,
then,
yourselves
to
the
parable
of
the
sower.
When
anyone
hears
the
message
of
the
kingdom
without
understanding
it,
the
evil
one
comes
and
snatches
away
what
has
been
sown
in
their
mind.
This
is
the
person
meant
by
the
seed
which
was
sown
along
the
path.
By
the
seed
which
was
sown
on
rocky
places
is
meant
the
person
who
hears
the
message,
and
at
once
accepts
it
joyfully;
but,
as
they
have
no
root,
they
stand
for
only
a
short
time;
and,
when
trouble
or
persecution
arises
because
of
the
message,
they
fall
away
at
once.
By
the
seed
which
was
sown
among
the
brambles
is
meant
the
person
who
hears
the
message,
but
the
cares
of
life
and
the glamour
of
wealth
completely
choke
the
message,
so
that
it
gives
no
return.
But
by
the
seed
which
was
sown
on
the
good
ground
is
meant
the
person
who
hears
the
message
and
understands
it,
and
really
yields
a
return,
sometimes
one
hundred,
sometimes
sixty,
sometimes
thirty
fold.”
Another
parable
which
Jesus
told
them
was
this –
“The
kingdom
of
heaven
is
compared
to
a
person
who
sowed
good
seed
in
their
field.
But,
while
everyone
was
asleep,
their
enemy
came
and
sowed
weeds
among
the
wheat,
and
then
went
away.
So,
when
the blades
of
corn
shot
up,
and
came
into
ear,
the
weeds
made
their
appearance
also.
The owner’s
servants
came
to
them,
and
said ‘Was
not
it
good
seed
that
you
sowed
in
your
field?
Where,
then,
do
the
weeds
in
it
come
from?’
‘An
enemy
has
done
this,’
was
the owner’s
answer. ‘Do
you
wish
us,
then,’
they
asked, ‘to
go
and
gather
them
together?’
‘No,’
said
he, ‘because
while
you
are pulling
up
the
weeds
you
might
uproot
the
wheat
with
them.
Let
both
grow
side
by
side
until
harvest;
and
then
I
will
say
to
the
reapers,
Gather
the
weeds
together
first,
and
tie
them
in
bundles
for
burning;
but
bring
all
the
wheat
into
my
barn.’”
Another
parable
which
he
told
them
was
this –
“The
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
a
mustard
seed,
which
a
person
took
and
sowed
in
his
field.
This
seed
is
smaller
than
all
other
seeds,
but,
when
it
has
grown
up,
it
is
larger
than
the
herbs
and
becomes
a
tree,
so
that ‘the
wild
birds
come
and roost
in
its
branches.’”
This
was
another
parable
which
Jesus
related –
“The
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
some
yeast
which
a
woman
took
and
covered
up
in
three
pecks
of
flour,
until
the
whole
had
risen.”
Of
all
this
Jesus
spoke
to
the
crowd
in
parables;
indeed
to
them
he
used
never
to
speak
at
all
except
in
parables,
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophet – ‘I
will
speak
to
them
in
parables;
I
will
utter
things
kept
secret
since
the
foundation
of
the
world.’
Then
Jesus
left
the
crowd,
and
went
into
the
house.
Presently
his
disciples
came
to
him,
and
said, “Explain
to
us
the
parable
of
the
weeds
in
the
field.”
He
answered,
“The
sower
of
the
good
seed
is
the
Son
of
Man.
The
field
is
the
world.
By
the
good
seed
is
meant
the
people
of
the
kingdom.
The
weeds
are
the
wicked,
and
the
enemy
who
sowed
them
is
the
devil.
The
harvest
time
is
the
close
of
the
age,
and
the
reapers
are
angels.
And,
just
as
the
weeds
are
gathered
and
burnt,
so
it
will
be
at
the
close
of
the
age.
The
Son
of
Man
will
send
his
angels,
and
they
will
gather
from
his
kingdom
all
that hinders
and
those
who
live
in
sin,
and
will
throw
them
into
the
blazing
furnace,
where
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.
Then
will
the
righteous
shine,
like
the
sun,
in
the
kingdom
of
their
Father.
If
you
have
ears,
listen.
“The
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
a
treasure
hidden
in
a
field,
which
a
person
found
and
hid
again,
and
then,
in
their
delight,
went
and
sold
everything
that
they
had,
and
bought
that
field.
“Again,
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
a
merchant
in
search
of
choice
pearls.
Finding
one
of
great
value,
they
went
and
sold
everything
that
they
had,
and
bought
it.
Or
again,
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
a
net
which
was
cast
into
the
sea,
and
caught
fish
of
all
kinds.
When
it
was
full,
they hauled
it
up
on
the beach,
and
sat
down
and sorted
the
good
fish
into
baskets,
but
threw
the
worthless
ones
away.
So
will
it
be
at
the
close
of
the
age.
The
angels
will
go
out
and
separate
the
wicked
from
the
righteous,
and
will
throw
them
into
the
blazing
furnace,
where
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.
“Have
you
understood
all
this?”
Jesus
asked. “Yes,”
they
answered.
Then
he
added,
“So
every
teacher
of
the
Law,
who
has
received
instruction
about
the
kingdom
of
heaven,
is
like
a
householder
who
produces
from
his
stores
things
both
new
and
old.”
When
Jesus
had
finished
these
parables,
he
withdrew
from
that
place.
Going
to
his
own
part
of
the
country,
he
taught
the
people
in
their
synagogue
in
such
a
manner
that
they
were
deeply
impressed. “Where
did
he
get
this
wisdom?”
they
said, “and
the
miracles?
Isn’t
he
the
carpenter’s
son?
Isn’t
his
mother
called
Mary,
and
his
brothers
James,
and
Joseph,
and
Simon,
and
Judas?
And
his
sisters,
too –
are
not
they
all
living
among
us?
Where,
then
did
he
get
all
this?”
These
things
proved
a hindrance
to
their believing
in
him.
But
Jesus
said,
“A
prophet
is
not
without
honor,
except
in
his
own
country
and
in
his
own
house.”
He
did
not
work
many
miracles
there,
because
of
their
want
of
faith.
At
that
time
Prince
Herod
heard
of
the
fame
of
Jesus,
and
said
to
his
attendants, “This
must
be
John
the Baptist;
he
must
be
risen
from
the
dead,
and
that
is
why
these
miraculous
powers
are active
in
him.”
For
Herod
had
arrested
John,
put
him
in
chains,
and
shut
him
up
in
prison,
to
please
Herodias,
the
wife
of
Herod’s
brother
Philip.
For
John
had
said
to
him ‘You
have
no
right
to
be
living
with
her.’
Yet,
though Herod
wanted
to
put
him
to
death,
he
was
afraid
of
the
people,
because
they
looked
on
John
as
a
prophet.
But,
when
Herod’s
birthday
came,
the
daughter
of
Herodias
danced
before
his
guests,
and
so
pleased
Herod,
that
he
promised
with
an
oath
to
give
her
whatever
she
asked.
Prompted
by
her
mother,
the
girl
said ‘Give
me
here,
on
a
dish,
the
head
of
John
the Baptist.’
The
king
was
distressed
at
this;
yet,
because
of
his
oath
and
of
the
guests
at
his
table,
he
ordered
it
to
be
given
her.
He
had
John
beheaded
in
the
prison
and
his
head
was
brought
on
a
dish
and
given
to
the
girl,
and
she
took
it
to
her
mother.
Then John’s
disciples
came,
and
took
the
body
away,
and
buried
it;
and
went
and
told
Jesus.
When
Jesus
heard
of
it,
he
left
privately
in
a
boat
to
a
lonely
spot.
The
people,
however,
heard
of
his
going,
and
followed
him
in
crowds
from
the
towns
on
foot.
On
getting
out
of
the
boat,
Jesus
saw
a
great
crowd,
and
his
heart
was
moved
at
the
sight
of
them;
and
he
cured
all
the
sick
among
them.
In
the
evening
the
disciples
came
up
to
him,
and
said, “This
is
a
lonely
spot,
and
the
day
is
now
far
advanced;
send
the
crowds
away
so
that
they
can
go
to
the
villages,
and
buy
themselves
food.”
But
Jesus
said,
“They
need
not
go
away,
it
is
for
you
to
give
them
something
to
eat.”
“We
have
nothing
here,”
they
said, “except
five
loaves
and
two
fish.”
“Bring
them
here
to
me,”
was
his
reply.
Jesus
ordered
the
people
to
take
their seats
on
the
grass;
and,
taking
the
five
loaves
and
the
two
fish,
he
looked
up
to
heaven,
and
said
the
blessing,
and,
after
he
had
broken
the
loaves,
gave
them
to
his
disciples;
and
they
gave
them
to
the
crowds.
Everyone
had
sufficient
to
eat,
and
they
picked
up
enough
of
the
broken
pieces
that
were
left
to
fill
twelve
baskets.
The
men
who
ate
were
about
five
thousand
in
number,
without
counting
women
and
children.
Immediately
afterward
Jesus
made
the
disciples
get
into
a
boat
and
cross
over
in
advance
of
him,
while
he
dismissed
the
crowds.
After dismissing
the
crowds,
he
went
up
the
hill
by
himself
to
pray;
and,
when
evening
fell,
he
was
there
alone.
The
boat
was
by
this
time
some
miles
from
shore,
laboring
in
the
waves,
for
the
wind
was
against
her.
Three
hours
after
midnight,
however,
Jesus
came towards
the
disciples,
walking
on
the
water.
But,
when
they
saw
him
walking
on
the
water,
they
were
terrified. “It
is
a
ghost,”
they
exclaimed,
and
cried
out
in
fear.
But
Jesus
at
once
spoke
to
them.
“Courage!”
he
said,
“It
is
I;
do
not
be
afraid!”
“Master,”
Peter
exclaimed, “if
it
is
you,
tell
me
to
come
to
you
on
the
water.”
Jesus
said,
“Come.”
So
Peter
got
down
from
the
boat,
and
walked
on
the
water,
and
went towards
Jesus;
but,
when
he
felt
the
wind,
he
was
frightened,
and,
beginning
to
sink,
cried
out, “Master!
Save
me!”
Instantly
Jesus
stretched
out
his
hand,
and
caught
hold
of
him.
“You
of
little
faith!”
he
said,
“Why
did
you
falter?”
When
they
had
got
into
the
boat,
the
wind
dropped.
But
the
men
in
the
boat
threw
themselves
on
their
faces
before
him,
and
said, “You
are
indeed
God’s
Son.”
When
they
had
crossed
over,
they
landed
at
Gennesaret.
But
the
people
of
that
place,
recognizing
Jesus,
sent
out
to
the
whole
country
around,
and
brought
to
him
all
who
were
ill,
begging
him
merely
to
let
them
touch
the
tassel
of
his
cloak;
and
all
who
touched
were
made
perfectly
well.
Then
some
Pharisees
and
teachers
of
the
Law
came
to
Jesus,
and
said,
“How
is
it
that
your
disciples
break
the
traditions
of
our
ancestors?
For
they
do
not
wash
their
hands
when
they
eat
food.”
His
reply
was,
“How
is
it
that
you
on
your
side
break
God’s
commandments
out
of
respect
for
your
own
traditions?
For
God
said – ‘Honor
your
father
and
mother,’
and ‘Anyone
who
abuses
his
father
or
mother
shall
suffer
death,’
but
you
say ‘Whenever
anyone
says
to
his
father
or
mother “Whatever
of
mine
might
have
been
of
service
to
you
is
set
apart
for
God,”
he
is
in
no
way
bound
to
honor
his
father.’
In
this
way
you
have nullified
the
words
of
God
for
the
sake
of
your
traditions.
Hypocrites!
It
was
well
said
by
Isaiah
when
he
prophesied
about
you –
‘This
is
a
people
that
honor
me
with
their
lips,
While
their
hearts
are
far
removed
from
me;
but
vainly
do
they
worship
me,
For
they
teach
but
human
precepts.’”
Then
Jesus
called
the
people
to
him,
and
said,
“Listen,
and
mark
my
words.
It
is
not
what
enters
a
person’s
mouth
that
defiles
them,
but
what
comes
out
from
their
mouth –
that
does
defile
them!”
His
disciples
came
up
to
him,
and
said, “Do
you
know
that
the
Pharisees
were
shocked
on
hearing
what
you
said?”
“Every
plant,”
Jesus
replied,
“that
my
heavenly
Father
has
not
planted
will
be
rooted
up.
Leave
them
be;
they
are
but
blind
guides;
and,
if
one
blind
person
guides
another,
both
of
them
will
fall
into
a
ditch.”
Peter
spoke
up, “Explain
this
saying
to
us.”
“What,
do
even
you
understand
nothing
yet?”
Jesus
exclaimed.
“Don’t
you
see
that
whatever
goes
into
the
mouth
passes
into
the
stomach,
and
is
afterward
expelled?
But
the
things
that
come
out
of
the
mouth
proceed
from
the
heart,
and
it
is
these
that
defile
a
person;
for
out
of
the
heart
proceed
evil
thoughts –
murder,
adultery,
sexual
immorality,
theft,
perjury,
slander.
These
are
the
things
that
defile
a
person;
but
eating
with unwashed
hands
does
not
defile
a
person.”
On
going
away
from
that
place,
Jesus
went
to
the
country
around
Tyre
and
Sidon.
There,
a
Canaanite
woman
of
that
district
came
out
and
began
calling
to
Jesus, “Take
pity
on
me,
Master,
Son
of
David;
my
daughter
is
grievously
possessed
by
a demon.”
But
Jesus
did
not
answer
her
a
word;
and
his
disciples
came
up
and
begged
him
to
send
her
away. “She
keeps
calling
out
after
us,”
they
said.
“I
was
not
sent,”
replied
Jesus,
“to
anyone
except
the
lost
sheep
of
Israel.”
But
the
woman
came,
and,
bowing
to
the
ground
before
him,
said, “Master,
help
me.”
“It
is
not
fair,”
replied
Jesus,
“to
take
the
children’s
food
and
throw
it
to
dogs.”
“Yes,
Master,”
she
said, “for
even
dogs
do
feed
on
the scraps
that
fall
from
their owners’
table.”
“Your
faith
is
great,”
was
his
reply
to
the
woman,
“it
will
be
as
you
wish!”
And
her
daughter
was
cured
that
very
hour.
On
leaving
that
place,
Jesus
went
to
the
shore
of
the
Sea
of
Galilee;
and
then
went
up
the
hill,
and
sat
down.
Great
crowds
of
people
came
to
him,
bringing
with
them
those
who
were
lame,
crippled,
blind,
or
dumb,
and
many
others.
They
put
them
down
at
his
feet,
and
he
cured
them;
and
the
crowds
were
astonished,
when
they
saw
the
dumb
talking,
the cripples
made
sound,
the
lame
walking
about,
and
the
blind
with
their
sight
restored;
and
they
praised
the
God
of
Israel.
Afterward
Jesus
called
his
disciples
to
him,
and
said,
“My
heart
is
moved
at
the
sight
of
all
these
people,
for
they
have
already
been
with
me
three
days
and
they
have
nothing
to
eat;
and
I
am
unwilling
to
send
them
away
hungry;
they
might
faint
on
the
way
home.”
“Where
can
we,”
his
disciples
asked, “in
a
lonely
place
find
enough
bread
for
such
a
crowd
as
this?”
“How
many
loaves
have
you?”
said
Jesus. “Seven,”
they
answered, “and
a
few
small
fish.”
Telling
the
crowd
to
sit
down
on
the
ground,
Jesus
took
the
seven
loaves
and
the
fish,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
broke
them,
and
gave
them
to
the
disciples;
and
the
disciples
gave
them
to
the
crowds.
Everyone
had
sufficient
to
eat,
and
they
picked
up
seven
baskets
full
of
the
broken
pieces
left.
The
men
who
ate
were
four
thousand
in
number
without
counting
women
and
children.
Then,
after dismissing
the
crowds,
Jesus
got
into
the
boat,
and
went
to
the
region
of
Magadan.
Here
the
Pharisees
and
Sadducees
came
up,
and,
to
test
Jesus,
requested
him
to
show
them
some
sign
from
the
heavens.
But
Jesus
answered,
“In
the
evening
you
say ‘It
will
be
fine
weather,
for
the
sky
is
as
red
as
fire.’
But
in
the
morning
you
say ‘Today
it
will
be
stormy,
for
the
sky
is
as
red
as
fire
and
threatening.’
You
learn
to
read
the
sky;
yet
you
are
unable
to
read
the
signs
of
the
times!
A
wicked
and
unfaithful
generation
is
asking
for
a
sign,
but
no
sign
will
be
given
it
except
the
sign
of
Jonah.”
So
he
left
them
and
went
away.
Now
the
disciples
had
crossed
to
the
opposite
shore,
and
had
forgotten
to
take
any
bread.
Presently
Jesus
said
to
them, “Take
care
and
be
on
your
guard
against
the
leaven
of
the
Pharisees
and
Sadducees.”
But
the
disciples
began
talking
among
themselves
about
their
having
brought
no
bread.
On noticing
this,
Jesus
said,
“Why
are
you
talking
among
yourselves
about
your
being
short
of
bread,
you
of
little
faith?
Don’t
you
yet
see,
nor
remember
the
five
loaves
for
the
five
thousand,
and
how
many
baskets
you
took
away?
Nor
yet
the
seven
loaves
for
the
four
thousand,
and
how
many basketfuls
you
took
away?
How
is
it
that
you
do
not
see
that
I
was
not
speaking
about
bread?
Be
on
your
guard
against
the
leaven
of
the
Pharisees
and
Sadducees.”
Then
they
understood
that
he
had
told
them
to
be
on
their
guard,
not
against
the
leaven
of
bread,
but
against
the
teaching
of
the
Pharisees
and
Sadducees.
On
coming
into
the
region
of
Caesarea
Philippi,
Jesus
asked
his
disciples
this
question –
“Who
do
people
say
that
the
Son
of
Man
is?”
“Some
say
John
the Baptist,”
they
answered, “Others,
however,
say
that
he
is
Elijah,
while
others
again
say
Jeremiah,
or
one
of
the
prophets.”
“But
you,”
he
said,
“who
do
you
say
that
I
am?”
To
this
Simon
Peter
answered, “You
are
the
Christ,
the
Son
of
the
living
God.”
“Blessed
are
you,
Simon,
Son
of
Jonah,”
Jesus
replied.
“For
no
human
being
has
revealed
this
to
you,
but
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
Yes,
and
I
say
to
you,
your
name
is ‘Peter’ –
a
Rock,
and
on
this
rock
I
will
build
my
church,
and
the
gates
of Hades
will
not
prevail
over
it.
I
will
give
you
the
keys
of
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
Whatever
you
forbid
on
earth
will
be
held
in
heaven
to
be
forbidden,
and
whatever
you
allow
on
earth
will
be
held
in
heaven
to
be
allowed.”
Then
he
charged
his
disciples
not
to
tell
anyone
that
he
was
the
Christ.
At
that
time
Jesus Christ
began
to
explain
to
his
disciples
that
he
must
go
to
Jerusalem,
and
undergo
much
suffering
at
the
hands
of
the
elders,
and
chief
priests,
and
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
be
put
to
death,
and
rise
on
the
third
day.
But
Peter
took
Jesus
aside,
and
began
to
rebuke
him. “Master,”
he
said, “please
God
that
will
never
be
your
fate!”
Jesus,
however,
turning
to
Peter,
said,
“Out
of
my
way,
Satan!
You
are
a hindrance
to
me;
for
you
look
at
things,
not
as
God
does,
but
as
person
does.”
Then
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“If
anyone
wishes
to
walk
in
my
steps,
they
must renounce self,
and
take
up
their
cross,
and
follow
me.
For
whoever
wishes
to
save
his
life
will
lose
it,
and
whoever,
for
my
sake,
loses
his
life
will
find
it.
What
good
will
it
do
a
person
to
gain
the
whole
world,
if
he
forfeits
his
life?
Or
what
will
a
person
give
that
is
of
equal
value
with
his
life?
For
the
Son
of
Man
is
to
come
in
his
Father’s
glory,
with
his
angels,
and
then
he
will
give
to
everyone
what
his
actions
deserve.
I
tell
you,
some
of
those
who
are
standing
here
will
not
know
death
until
they
have
seen
the
Son
of
Man
coming
into
his
kingdom.”
Six
days
later,
Jesus
took
with
him
Peter,
and
the
brothers
James
and
John,
and
led
them
up
a
high
mountain
alone.
There
his
appearance
was
transformed
before
their
eyes;
his
face
shown
like
the
sun,
and
his
clothes
became
as
white
as
the
light.
All
at
once
Moses
and
Elijah
appeared
to
them,
talking
with
Jesus.
“Master,”
exclaimed
Peter, interposing, “it
is
good
to
be
here;
if
you
wish,
I
will
make
three
tents
here,
one
for
you,
one
for
Moses,
and
one
for
Elijah.”
While
he
was
still
speaking,
a
bright
cloud enveloped
them,
and
there
was
a
voice
from
the
cloud
that
said – “This
is
my
dearly
loved
son,
who
brings
me
great
joy;
listen
to
him.”
The
disciples,
on
hearing
this,
fell
on
their
faces,
greatly
afraid.
But
Jesus
came
and
touched
them,
saying
as
he
did
so,
“Rise
up,
and
do
not
be
afraid.”
When
they
raised
their
eyes,
they
saw
no
one
but
Jesus
himself
alone.
As
they
were
going
down
the
mountain
side,
Jesus
gave
them
this
warning –
“Do
not
speak
of
this
vision
to
anyone,
until
the
Son
of
Man
has
risen
from
the
dead.”
“How
is
it,”
his
disciples
asked, “that
our
teachers
of
the
Law
say
that
Elijah
has
to
come
first?”
“Elijah
indeed
does
come,”
Jesus
replied,
“and
will
restore
everything;
and
I
tell
you
that
Elijah
has
already
come,
and
people
have
not
recognized
him,
but
have
treated
him
just
as
they
pleased.
In
the
same
way,
too,
the
Son
of
Man
is
destined
to
undergo
suffering
at
people’s
hands.”
Then
the
disciples
understood
that
he
had
spoken
to
them
about
John
the Baptist.
When
they
came
to
the
crowd,
a
man
came
up
to
Jesus,
and,
kneeling
down
before
him,
said,
“Master,
take
pity
on
my
son,
for
he
is epileptic
and
suffers
terribly;
indeed,
he
often
falls
into
the
fire
and
into
the
water;
I
brought
him
to
your
disciples,
but
they
could
not
cure
him.”
“Faithless
and
perverse
generation!”
Jesus
exclaimed,
“how
long
must
I
be
among
you?
How
long
must
I
have
patience
with
you?
Bring
the
boy
here
to
me.”
Then
Jesus
rebuked
the
demon,
and
it
came
out
of
the
boy;
and
he
was
cured
from
that
very
hour.
Afterward
the
disciples
came
up
to
Jesus,
and
asked
him
privately, “Why
was
it
that
we
could
not
drive
it
out?”
“Because
you
have
so
little
faith!”
he
answered,
“For,
I
tell
you,
if
your
faith
were
only
like
a
mustard
seed,
you
could
say
to
this
mountain ‘Move
from
this
place
to
that!’
and
it
would
be
moved;
and
nothing
would
be
impossible
to
you.”
17.21
Some later manuscripts add: But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.
While
Jesus
and
his
disciples
were
together
in
Galilee,
he
said
to
them,
“The
Son
of
Man
is
destined
to
be
betrayed
into
human
hands,
and
they
will
put
him
to
death,
but
on
the
third
day
he
will
rise.”
The
disciples
were
greatly
distressed.
After
they
had
reached
Capernaum,
the collectors
of
the
Temple taz
came
up
to
Peter,
and
said, “Does
not
your
Master
pay
the
Temple
tax?”
“Yes,”
answered
Peter.
But,
on
going
into
the
house,
before
he
could
speak,
Jesus
said,
“What
do
you
think,
Simon?
From
whom
do
earthly
kings
take
taxes
or
tribute?
From
their
sons,
or
from
others?”
“From
others,”
answered Peter.
“Well
then,”
continued
Jesus,
“their
sons
go
free.
Still,
so
we
don’t
offend
them,
go
and
throw
a
line
into
the
sea;
take
the
first
fish
that
rises,
open
its
mouth,
and
you
will
find
in
it
a
piece
of
money.
Take
that,
and
give
it
to
the collectors
for
both
of
us.”
On
the
same
occasion
the
disciples
came
to
Jesus,
and
asked
him, “Who
is
really
the
greatest
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven?”
Jesus
called
a
little
child
to
him,
and
placed
it
in
the
middle
of
them,
and
then
said,
“I
tell
you,
unless
you
change
and
become
like
little
children,
you
will
not
enter
the
kingdom
of
heaven
at
all.
Therefore,
anyone
who
will
humble
themselves
like
this
child –
that
person
will
be
the
greatest
in
the
kingdom
of
heaven.
And
anyone
who,
for
the
sake
of
my
name,
welcomes
even
one
little
child
like
this,
is welcoming
me.
But,
if
anyone
puts
temptation
in
the
way
of
one
of
these
little
ones
who
believe
in
me,
it
would
be
best
for
them
to
be
sunk
in
the
depths
of
the
sea
with
a
great
millstone
hung
around
their
neck.
Alas
for
the
world
because
of
such
temptations!
There
cannot
but
be
temptations
but
sorrow
awaits
the
person
who
does
the tempting!
“If
your
hand
or
your
foot
causes
you
to
sin,
cut
it
off,
and
throw
it
away.
It
would
be
better
for
you
to
enter
life
maimed
or
lame,
than
to
have
both
hands,
or
both
feet,
and
be
thrown
into
the
fire
that
never
goes
out.
If
your
eye
causes
you
to
sin,
take
it
out,
and
throw
it
away.
It
would
be
better
for
you
to
enter
the
life
with
only
one
eye,
than
to
have
both
eyes
and
be
thrown
into
the
fires
of Gehenna.
Beware
of
despising
one
of
these
little
ones,
for
in
heaven,
I
tell
you,
their
angels
always
see
the
face
of
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
18.11
Some later manuscripts add: For the Son of Man has come to save the lost.
“What
think
you?
If
a
person
owns
a
hundred
sheep,
and
one
of
them
strays,
will
the
person
not
leave
the
ninety-nine
on
the
hills,
and
go
and
search
for
the
one
that
is
straying?
And,
if
they
succeed
in
finding
it,
I
tell
you
that
they
rejoice
more
over
that
one
sheep
than
over
the
ninety-nine
which
did
not
stray.
So,
too,
it
is
the
will
of
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven
that
not
one
of
these
little
ones
should
be
lost.
“If
your
brother
or
sister
does
wrong,
go
to
them
and
convince
them
of
their
fault
when
you
are
both
alone.
If
they
listen
to
you,
you
have
won
them
over.
But,
if
they
do
not
listen
to
you,
take
with
you
one
or
two
others,
so
that
on
the
evidence
of
two
or
three
witnesses,
every
word
may
be
put
beyond
dispute.
If
they
refuse
to
listen
to
them,
speak
to
the
church;
and,
if
they
also
refuse
to
listen
to
the
church,
treat
him
as
you
would
a
Gentile
or
a tax-gatherer.
“I
tell
you,
all
that
you
forbid
on
earth
will
be
held
in
heaven
to
be
forbidden,
and
all
that
you
allow
on
earth
will
be
held
in
heaven
to
be
allowed.
Again,
I
tell
you
that,
if
but
two
of
you
on
earth
agree
as
to
what
they
will
pray
for,
whatever
it
be,
it
will
be
granted
them
by
my
Father
who
is
in
heaven.
For
where
two
or
three
have
come
together
in
my
name,
I
am
present
with
them.”
Then
Peter
came
up,
and
said
to
Jesus, “Master,
how
often
am
I
to
forgive
someone
who
wrongs
me?
As
many
as
seven
times?”
But
Jesus
answered,
“Not
seven
times,
but
seventy
times
seven.
Therefore
the
kingdom
of
heaven
may
be
compared
to
a
king
who
wished
to
settle
accounts
with
his
servants.
When
he
had
begun
to
do
so,
one
of
them
was
brought
to
him
who
owed
him
ten
thousand
bags
of
gold;
and,
as
he
could
not
pay,
his
master
ordered
him
to
be
sold towards
the
payment
of
the
debt,
together
with
his
wife,
and
his
children,
and
everything
that
he
had.
The
servant
threw
himself
down
on
the
ground
before
him
and
said ‘Have
patience
with
me,
and
I
will
pay
you
all.’
The
master
was
moved
with
compassion;
and
he
let
him
go,
and
forgave
him
the
debt.
But,
on
going
out,
that
same
servant
came
upon
one
of
his
fellow
servants
who
owed
him
a
hundred
silver coins.
Seizing
him
by
the
throat,
he
said ‘Pay
what
you
owe
me.’
His
fellow
servant
threw
himself
on
the
ground
and
begged
for
mercy. ‘Have
patience
with
me,’
he
said, ‘and
I
will
pay
you.’
But
the
other
would
not,
but
went
and
put
him
in
prison
until
he
should
pay
his
debt.
When
his
fellow
servants
saw
what
had
happened,
they
were
greatly
distressed,
and
went
to
their
master
and
laid
the
whole
matter
before
him.
So
the
master
sent
for
the
servant,
and
said
to
him ‘You
wicked
servant!
When
you
begged
me
for
mercy,
I
forgave
you
the
whole
of
that
debt.
Shouldn’t
you,
also,
to
have
shown
mercy
to
your
fellow
servant,
just
as
I
showed
mercy
to
you?’
Then
his
master,
in
anger,
handed
him
over
to
the jailers,
until
he
should
pay
the
whole
of
his
debt.
So,
also,
will
my
heavenly
Father
do
to
you,
unless
each
one
of
you
forgives
his
brother
or
sister
from
your
heart.”
The Journey to Jerusalem
At
the
conclusion
of
this
teaching,
Jesus
withdrew
from
Galilee,
and
went
into
that
district
of
Judea
which
is
on
the
other
side
of
the
Jordan.
Great
crowds
followed
him,
and
he
cured
them
there.
Presently
some
Pharisees
came
up
to
him,
and,
to
test
him,
said, “Has
a
man
the
right
to
divorce
his
wife
for
every
cause?”
“Haven’t
you
read,”
replied
Jesus,
“that
at
the
beginning
the
Creator ‘made
them
male
and
female,’
and
said – ‘For
this
reason
a
man
will
leave
his
father
and
mother,
and
be
united
to
his
wife,
and
the
man
and
his
wife
will
become one’?
So
that
they
are
no
longer
two,
but
one.
What
God
himself,
then,
has yoked
together
people
must
not
separate.”
“Why,
then,”
they
said, “did
Moses
direct
that
a
man
should
serve
his
wife
with
a
notice
of
separation
and
divorce
her?”
“Moses, owing
to
the
hardness
of
your
hearts,”
answered
Jesus,
“permitted
you
to
divorce
your
wives,
but
that
was
not
so
at
the
beginning.
But
I
tell
you
that
anyone
who
divorces
his
wife,
except
on
the
ground
of
some
serious
sexual
sin,
and
marries
another
woman,
is
guilty
of
adultery.”
“If
that,”
said
the
disciples, “is
the
position
of
a
man
with
regard
to
his
wife,
it
is
better
not
to
marry.”
“It
is
not
everyone,”
replied
Jesus,
“who
can
accept
this
teaching,
but
only
those
who
have
been
enabled
to
do
so.
Some
men
are
incapable
of
marriage
because
they
were
born
that
way,
or
have
been
made
so
by
other
people,
while
there
are
others
who
stay
single
for
the
sake
of
the
kingdom
of
Heaven.
Accept
this
if
you
can.”
Then
some
little
children
were
brought
to
Jesus,
for
him
to
place
his
hands
on
them,
and
pray;
but
the
disciples
found
fault
with
those
who
had
brought
them.
Jesus,
however,
said,
“Let
the
little
children
come
to
me,
and
do
not
hinder
them,
for
it
is
to
the childlike
that
the
kingdom
of
heaven
belongs.”
So
he
placed
his
hands
on
them,
and
then
went
on
his
way.
A
man
came
up
to
Jesus,
and
said, “Teacher,
what
good
thing
must
I
do
to
obtain
eternal
life?”
“Why
ask
me
about
goodness?”
answered
Jesus.
“There
is
but
One
who
is
good.
If
you
want
to
enter
the
life,
keep
the
commandments.”
“What
commandments?”
asked
the
man.
“These,”
answered
Jesus, –
“‘You
must
not
kill.
You
must
not
commit
adultery.
You
must
not
steal.
You
must
not
say
what
is
false
about
others.
Honor
your
father
and
your
mother.’
And ‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.’”
“I
have
observed
all
these,”
said
the
young
man. “What
is
still
wanting
in
me?”
“If
you
wish
to
be
perfect,”
answered
Jesus,
“go
and
sell
your
property,
and
give
to
the
poor,
and
you
will
have
wealth
in
heaven;
then
come
and
follow
me.”
On
hearing
these
words,
the
young
man
went
away
distressed,
for
he
had
great
possessions.
At
this,
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“I
tell
you
that
a
rich
person
will
find
it
hard
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
heaven!
I
say
again,
it
is
easier
for
a
camel
to
get
through
a needle’s
eye
than
for
a
rich
person
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
heaven!”
On
hearing
this,
the
disciples
exclaimed
in
great
astonishment, “Who
then
can
possibly
be
saved?”
But
Jesus
looked
at
them,
and
said,
“With
people
this
is
impossible,
but
with
God
everything
is
possible.”
Then Peter
turned
and
said
to
Jesus,
“But
we –
we
left
everything,
and
followed
you;
what,
then,
will
we
have?”
“I
tell
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“that
at
the
new
creation,
when
the
Son
of
Man
takes
his
seat
on
his
throne
of
glory,
you
who
followed
me
will
be
seated
on
twelve
thrones,
as
judges
of
the
twelve
tribes
of
Israel.
Everyone
who
has
left
houses,
or
brothers,
or
sisters,
or
father,
or
mother,
or
children,
or
land,
for
my
sake,
will
receive
many
times
as
much,
and
will
gain
eternal
life.
But
many
who
are
first
now
will
then
be
last,
and
those
who
are
last
will
be
first.
For
the
kingdom
of
heaven
is
like
an employer
who
went
out
in
the
early
morning
to
hire
laborers
for
his
vineyards.
He
agreed
with
the
laborers
to
pay
them
the
standard
daily
rate
of
two
silver coins,
and
sent
them
into
his
vineyard.
On
going
out
again,
about
nine o’clock,
he
saw
some
others
standing
in
the marketplace,
doing
nothing.
‘You
also
may
go
into
my
vineyard,’
he
said, ‘and
I
will
pay
you
what
is
fair.’
So
they
went.
Going
out
again
about
midday
and
about
three o’clock,
he
did
as
before.
When
he
went
out
about
five,
he
found
some
others
standing
there,
and
said
to
them ‘Why
have
you
been
standing
here
all
day
long,
doing
nothing?’
‘Because
no
one
has
hired
us,’
they
answered. ‘You
also
may
go
into
my
vineyard,’
he
said.
In
the
evening
the
owner
of
the
vineyard
said
to
his
steward ‘Call
the
laborers,
and
pay
them
their
wages,
beginning
with
the
last,
and
ending
with
the
first.’
Now
when
those
who
had
been
hired
about
five o’clock
went
up,
they
received
two
silver coins
each.
So,
when
the
first
went
up,
they
thought
that
they
would
receive
more,
but
they
also
received
two
silver coins
each;
at
which
they
began
to
grumble
at
their employer.
‘These
last,’
they
said, ‘have
done
only
one hour’s
work,
and
yet
you
have
put
them
on
the
same
footing
with
us,
who
have
borne
the brunt
of
the
day’s
work,
and
the
heat.’
‘My
friend,’
was
his
reply
to
one
of
them, ‘I
am
not treating
you unfairly.
Didn’t
you
agree
with
me
for
two
silver coins?
Take
what
belongs
to
you,
and
go.
I
choose
to
give
to
this
last
man
the
same
as
to
you.
Don’t
I
have
the
right
to
do
as
I
choose
with
what
is
mine?
Are
you
envious
because
I
am
generous?’
So
those
who
are
last
will
be
first,
and
the
first
last.”
When
Jesus
was
on
the
point
of
going
up
to
Jerusalem,
he
gathered
the
twelve
disciples
around
him
by
themselves,
and
said
to
them
as
they
were
on
their
way,
“Listen!
We
are
going
up
to
Jerusalem;
and
there
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
betrayed
to
the
chief
priests
and
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
they
will
condemn
him
to
death,
and
give
him
up
to
the
Gentiles
for
them
to
mock,
and
to
scourge,
and
to
crucify;
and
on
the
third
day
he
will
rise.”
Then
the
mother
of
Zebedee’s
sons
came
to
him
with
her
sons,
bowing
to
the
ground,
and
begging
a
favor.
“What
is
it
that
you
want?”
he
asked. “I
want
you
to
say,”
she
replied, “that
in
your
kingdom
these
two
sons
of
mine
may
sit,
one
on
your
right,
and
the
other
on
your
left.”
“You
do
not
know
what
you
are
asking,”
was
Jesus’
answer.
“Can
you
drink
the
cup
that
I
am
to
drink?” “Yes,”
they
exclaimed, “we
can.”
“You
will
indeed
drink
my
cup,”
he
said,
“but
as
to
a
seat
at
my
right
and
at
my
left –
that
is
not
mine
to
give,
but
it
is
for
those
for
whom
it
has
been
prepared
by
my
Father.”
On
hearing
of
this,
the
ten
others
were
very
indignant
about
the
two
brothers.
Jesus,
however,
called
the
ten
to
him,
and
said,
“The
rulers
of
the
Gentiles
lord
it
over
them
as
you
know,
and
their
high
officials
oppress
them.
Among
you
it
is
not
so.
No,
whoever
wants
to
become
great
among
you
must
be
your
servant,
and
whoever
wants
to
take
the
first
place
among
you,
must
be
your
slave;
just
as
the
Son
of
Man
came,
not
to
be
served,
but
to
serve,
and
to
give
his
life
as
a
ransom
for
many.”
As
they
were
going
out
of
Jericho,
a
great
crowd
followed
him.
Two
blind
men
who
were
sitting
by
the roadside,
hearing
that
Jesus
was
passing,
called
out, “Take
pity
on
us,
Master,
Son
of
David!”
The
crowd
told
them
to
be
quiet;
but
the
men
only
called
out
the
louder, “Take
pity
on
us,
Master,
Son
of
David!”
Then
Jesus
stopped
and
called
them.
“What
do
you
want
me
to
do
for
you?”
he
said.
“Master,”
they
replied, “we
want
our
eyes
to
be
opened.”
So
Jesus,
moved
with
compassion,
touched
their
eyes,
and
immediately
they
recovered
their
sight,
and
followed
him.
The Last Days
When
they
had
almost
reached
Jerusalem,
having
come
as
far
as Bethphage,
on
the
Mount
of
Olives,
Jesus
sent
on
two
disciples.
“Go
to
the
village
facing
you,”
he
said,
“and
you
will
immediately
find
a
donkey tethered,
with
a
foal
by
her
side;
untie
her,
and
lead
her
here
for
me.
And,
if
anyone
says
anything
to
you,
you
are
to
say
this – ‘The
Master
wants them’;
and
he
will
send
them
at
once.”
This
happened
in
fulfillment
of
these
words
in
the
prophet –
‘Say
to
the
people
of
Zion – “Your
King
is
coming
to
you,
gentle,
and
riding
on
a
donkey,
and
on
the
foal
of
a
beast
of
burden.”’
So
the
disciples
went
and
did
as
Jesus
had
directed
them.
They
led
the
donkey
and
the
foal
back,
and,
when
they
had
put
their
cloaks
on
them,
he
seated
himself
on
them.
The
immense
crowd
of
people
spread
their
cloaks
in
the
road,
while
some
cut
branches
off
the
trees,
and
spread
them
on
the
road.
The
crowds
that
led
the
way,
as
well
as
those
that
followed
behind,
kept
shouting, “God
save
the
Son
of
David!
Blessed
is
he
who
comes
in
the
name
of
the
Lord!
God
save
him
from
on
high!”
When
he
had
entered
Jerusalem,
the
whole
city
was
stirred,
and
asked –
“Who
is
this?”,
to
which
the
crowd
replied – “This
is
the
prophet
Jesus
from
Nazareth
in
Galilee.”
Jesus
went
into
the
Temple
Courts,
and
drove
out
all
those
who
were
buying
and
selling
there.
He
overturned
the
tables
of
the
money
changers,
and
the
seats
of
the pigeon-dealers,
and
said
to
them,
“Scripture
says ‘My
house
will
be
called
a
house
of prayer’;
but
you
are
making
it
a
den
of
robbers.”
While
he
was
still
in
the
Temple
Courts,
some
blind
and
some
lame
people
came
up
to
him,
and
he
cured
them.
But,
when
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
saw
the
wonderful
things
that
Jesus
did,
and
the
boys
who
were
calling
out
in
the
Temple
Courts “God
save
the
Son
of
David!”,
they
were
indignant,
and
said
to
him, “Do
you
hear
what
these
boys
are
saying?”
“Yes,”
answered
Jesus,
“but
did
you
never
read
the
words – ‘Out
of
the
mouths
of
babes
and
sucklings
you
have
called
forth
perfect praise’?”
Then
he
left
them,
and
went
out
of
the
city
to Bethany,
and
spent
the
night
there.
The
next
morning,
in
returning
to
the
city, Jesus
became
hungry;
and, noticing
a
solitary
fig
tree
by
the roadside,
he
went
up
to
it,
but
found
nothing
on
it
but
leaves.
So
he
said
to
it,
“Never
again
will
fruit
be
gathered
off
you.”
And
suddenly
the
fruit
tree
withered
up.
When
the
disciples
saw
this,
they
exclaimed
in
astonishment, “How
suddenly
the
fig
tree
withered
up!”
“I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“if
you
have
faith,
without
ever
a
doubt,
you
will
do
what
not
only
what
has
been
done
to
the
fig
tree,
but,
even
if
you
should
say
to
this
hill ‘Be
lifted
up
and
hurled
into
the
sea!’
it
would
be
done.
And
whatever
you
ask
for
in
your
prayers
will,
if
you
have
faith,
be
granted
you.”
After
Jesus
had
come
into
the
Temple
Courts,
the
chief
priests
and
the
elders
of
the
people
came
up
to
him
as
he
was
teaching,
and
said, “What
authority
have
you
to
do
these
things?
Who
gave
you
this
authority?”
“I,
too,”
said
Jesus
in
reply,
“will
ask
you
one
question;
if
you
will
give
me
an
answer
to
it,
then
I,
also,
will
tell
you
what
authority
I
have
to
act
as
I
do.
It
is
about
John’s baptism.
What
was
its
origin?
Divine
or
human?”
But
they
began
arguing
among
themselves, “If
we
say ‘divine,’
he
will
say
to
us ‘Why
then
didn’t
you
believe
him?’
But
if
we
say ‘human,’
we
are
afraid
of
the
people,
for
everyone
regards
John
as
a
prophet.”
So
the
answer
they
gave
Jesus
was – “We
do
not
know.”
“Then
I,”
he
said,
“refuse
to
tell
you
what
authority
I
have
to
do
these
things.
What
do
you
think
of
this?
There
was
a
man
who
had
two
sons.
He
went
to
the
elder
and
said ‘Go
and
work
in
the
vineyard
today
my
son.’
‘Yes,
sir,’
he
answered;
but
he
did
not
go.
Then
the
father
went
to
the
second
son,
and
said
the
same. ‘I
will
not,’
he
answered;
but
afterward
he
was
sorry
and
went.
Which
of
the
two
sons
did
as
his
father
wished?” “The
second,”
they
said.
“I
tell
you,”
added
Jesus,
“that
tax
collectors
and
prostitutes
are
going
into
the
kingdom
of
God
before
you.
For
when
John
came
to
you,
walking
in
the
path
of
righteousness,
you
did
not
believe
him,
but
tax
collectors
and
prostitutes
did;
and
yet
you,
though
you
saw
this,
even
then
were
not
sorry,
nor
did
you
believe
him.
“Listen
to
another
parable.
A
man,
who
was
an employer,
once
planted
a
vineyard,
put
a
fence
around
it,
dug
a
winepress
in
it,
built
a
tower,
and
then
let
it
out
to
tenants
and
went
abroad.
When
the
time
for
the
grape
harvest
drew
near,
he
sent
his
servants
to
the
tenants,
to
receive
his
share
of
the
produce.
But
the
tenants
seized
his
servants,
beat
one,
killed
another,
and
stoned
a
third.
A
second
time
the
owner
sent
some
servants,
a
larger
number
than
before,
and
the
tenants
treated
them
in
the
same
way.
As
a
last resource
he
sent
his
son
to
them. ‘They
will
respect
my
son,’
he
said.
But
the
tenants,
on
seeing
his
son,
said
to
each
other ‘Here
is
the
heir!
Come,
let
us
kill
him,
and
get
his
inheritance.’
So
they
seized
him,
and
threw
him
outside
the
vineyard,
and
killed
him.
Now,
when
the
owner
of
the
vineyard
comes,
what
will
he
do
to
those
tenants?”
“Miserable
wretches!”
they
exclaimed, “he
will
put
them
to
a
miserable
death,
and
he
will
let
out
the
vineyard
to
other
tenants,
who
will
pay
him
his
share
of
the
produce
at
the
proper
times.”
Then
Jesus
added,
“Have
you
never
read
in
the
scriptures? – ‘The
stone
which
the
builders
despised –
has
now
itself
become
the
cornerstone.
This
cornerstone
has
come
from
the
Lord,
and
is
marvelous
in
our
eyes.’
That,
I
tell
you,
is
why
the
kingdom
of
God
will
be
taken
from
you,
and
given
to
a
nation
that
does
produce
the
fruit
of
the
kingdom.
Yes,
and
he
who
falls
on
this
stone
will
be
dashed
to
pieces,
while
anyone
on
whom
it
falls –
it
will
scatter
him
as
dust.”
After
listening
to
these
parables,
the
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees
saw
that
it
was
about
them
that
he
was
speaking;
yet,
although
eager
to
arrest
him,
they
were
afraid
of
the
crowds,
who
regarded
him
as
a
prophet.
Once
more
Jesus
spoke
to
them
in
parables.
“The
kingdom
of
heaven,”
he
said, “may
be
compared
to
a
king
who
gave
a
banquet
in
honor
of
his
son’s
wedding.
He
sent
his
servants
to
call
those
who
had
been
invited
to
the
banquet,
but
they
were
unwilling
to
come.
A
second
time
he
sent
some
servants,
with
orders
to
say
to
those
who
had
been
invited ‘I
have
prepared
my
meal,
my
cattle
and
fat
beasts
are
killed
and
everything
is
ready;
come
to
the
banquet.’
They,
however,
took
no
notice,
but
went
off,
one
to
their
farm,
another
to
their
business;
while
the
rest,
seizing
his
servants, ill-treated
them
and
killed
them.
The
king,
in
anger,
sent
his
troops,
put
those
murderers
to
death,
and
set
their
city
on
fire.
Then
he
said
to
his
servants ‘The
banquet
is
prepared,
but
those
who
were
invited
were
not
worthy.
So
go
to
the cross-roads,
and
invite
everyone
you
find
to
the
banquet.’
The
servants
went
out
into
the
roads
and
collected
all
the
people
whom
they
found,
whether
bad
or
good;
and
the bridal-hall
was
filled
with
guests.
But,
when
the
king
went
in
to
see
his
guests,
he
noticed
there
a
man
who
had
not
put
on
a wedding-robe.
So
he
said
to
him ‘My
friend,
how
is
it
that
you
came
in
here
without
a wedding-robe?’
The
man
was
speechless.
Then
the
king
said
to
the
attendants ‘Tie
him
hand
and
foot,
and
put
him
out
into
the
darkness
outside,
where
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.’
For
many
are
called,
but
few
chosen.”
Then
the
Pharisees
went
away
and
conferred
together
as
to
how
they
might
lay
a
trap
for
Jesus
in
the
course
of
conversation.
They
sent
their
disciples,
with
the
Herodians,
to
say
to
him, “Teacher,
we
know
that
you
are
an
honest
person,
and
that
you
teach
the
way
of
God
honestly,
and
are
not
afraid
of
anyone;
for
you
pay
no
regard
to
a
person’s
position.
Tell
us,
then,
what
you
think.
Are
we
right
in
paying
taxes
to
the Emperor,
or
not?”
Perceiving
their
malice,
Jesus
answered,
“Why
are
you
testing
me,
you
hypocrites?
Show
me
the
coin
with
which
the
tax
is
paid.”
And,
when
they
had
brought
him
a
coin,
he
asked,
“Whose
head
and
title
are
these?”
“The Emperor’s,”
they
answered,
at
which
he
said
to
them,
“Then
pay
to
the Emperor
what
belongs
to
the Emperor,
and
to
God
what
belongs
to
God.”
They
wondered
at
his
answer,
and
left
him
alone
and
went
away.
That
same
day
some
Sadducees
came
up
to
Jesus, maintaining
that
there
is
no resurrection.
Their
question
was
this, –
“Teacher,
Moses
said – ‘should
a
man
die
without
children,
the
man’s
brother
will
become
the
husband
of
the
widow,
and
raise
a
family
for
his
brother.’
Now
we
had
living
among
us
seven
brothers;
of
whom
the
eldest
married
and
died,
and,
as
he
had
no
family,
left
his
wife
for
his
brother.
The
same
thing
happened
to
the
second
and
the
third
brothers,
and
indeed
to
all
the
seven.
The
woman
herself
died
last
of
all.
At
the resurrection,
then,
whose
wife
will
she
be
out
of
the
seven,
all
of
them
having
been
married
to
her?”
“Your
mistake,”
replied
Jesus,
“is
due
to
your
ignorance
of
the
scriptures,
and
of
the
power
of
God.
For
at
the resurrection
there
is
no
marrying
or
being
married,
but
all
who
rise
are
as
angels
in
heaven.
As
to
the resurrection
of
the
dead,
have
you
not
read
these
words
of
God –
‘I
am
the
God
of
Abraham,
and
the
God
of
Isaac,
and
the
God
of Jacob’?
He
is
not
the
God
of
dead
people,
but
of
living.”
The
crowds,
who
had
been
listening
to
him,
were
greatly
struck
with
his
teaching.
When
the
Pharisees
heard
that Jesus
had
silenced
the
Sadducees,
they
collected
together.
Then
one
of
them,
a Student
of
the
Law,
to
test
him,
asked
this
question –
“Teacher,
what
is
the
greatest
commandment
in
the
Law?”
His
answer
was,
“You
must
love
the
Lord
your
God
with
all
your
heart,
and
with
all
your
soul,
and
with
all
your
mind.
This
is
the
great
first
commandment.
The
second,
which
is
like
it,
is
this –
You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.
On
these
two
commandments
hang
all
the
Law
and
the
prophets.”
Before
the
Pharisees
separated,
Jesus
put
this
question
to
them –
“What
do
you
think
about
the
Christ?
Whose
son
is
he?” “David’s,”
they
said.
“How
is
it,
then,”
Jesus
replied,
“that
David,
speaking
under
inspiration,
calls
him ‘lord,’
in
the
passage –
‘The
Lord
said
to
my
Lord:
Sit
at
my
right
hand,
until
I
put
your
enemies
beneath
your feet’?
Since,
then,
David
calls
him ‘lord,’
how
is
he
David’s
son?”
No
one
could
say
a
word
in
answer;
nor
did
anyone
after
that
day
venture
to
question
him
further.
Then
Jesus,
speaking
to
the
crowds
and
to
his
disciples,
said,
“The
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees
now
occupy
the
chair
of
Moses.
Therefore
practice
and
lay
to
heart
everything
that
they
preach
but
do
not
practice.
While
they
make
up
heavy
loads
and
pile
them
on
other
people’s shoulder’s
they
decline,
themselves,
to
lift
a
finger
to
move
them.
All
their
actions
are
done
to attract
attention.
They widen
their
phylacteries,
and
increase
the
size
of
their
tassels,
and
like
to
have
the
place
of
honor
at
dinner,
and
the
best
seats
in
the
synagogues,
and
to
be
greeted
in
the markets
with
respect,
and
to
be
called ‘Rabbi’
by
everybody.
But
do
not
allow
yourselves
to
be
called ‘Rabbi,’
for
you
have
only
one
teacher,
and
you
yourselves
are
all
brothers
and
sisters.
And
do
not
call
anyone
on
the
earth
your ‘Father,’
for
your
have
only
one
Father,
the
heavenly
Father.
Nor
must
you
allow
yourselves
to
be
called ‘leaders,’
for
you
have
only
one
leader,
the
Christ.
The
person
who
wants
to
be
the
greatest
among
you
must
be
your
servant.
Whoever
exalts
themselves
will
be
humbled,
and
whoever
humbles
themselves
will
be
exalted.
But
alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
turn
the
key
of
the
kingdom
of
heaven
in
people’s
faces.
For
you
do
not
go
in
yourselves,
and
do
not
allow
those
who
try
to
go
in
to
do
so.
23.14
Some later manuscripts add: Alas for you teachers of the law and Pharisees, hypocrites! You devour widows’ property, and pray long prayers just for show! This is why you will receive a more severe punishment.
Alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
scour
land
and
sea
to
make
a
single
convert,
and,
when
they
are
gained,
you
make
them
twice
as
deserving
of Gehenna
as
you
are
yourselves.
Alas
for
you,
you
blind
guides!
You
say ‘if
any
swear
by
the
Temple,
their
oath
counts
for
nothing;
but,
if
anyone
swears
by
the
gold
of
the
Temple,
their
oath
is
binding them’!
Fools
that
you
are
and
blind!
Which
is
the
more
important?
The
gold?
Or
the
Temple
which
has
given sacredness
to
the
gold?
You
say,
too, ‘If
anyone
swears
by
the
altar,
their
oath
counts
for
nothing,
but,
if
anyone
swears
by
the
offering
placed
on
it,
their
oath
is
binding
on them’!
Blind
indeed!
Which
is
the
more
important?
The
offering?
Or
the
altar
which
gives sacredness
to
the
offering?
Therefore
a
person,
swearing
by
the
altar,
swears
by
it
and
by
all
that
is
on
it,
and
a
person,
swearing
by
the
Temple,
swears
by
it
and
by
him
who
dwells
in
it,
while
a
person,
swearing
by
heaven,
swears
by
the
throne
of
God,
and
by
him
who
sits
on
it.
Alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
pay
tithes
on
mint, fennel,
and caraway
seed,
and
have
neglected
the
weightier
matters
of
the
Law –
justice,
mercy,
and
good
faith.
These
last
you
ought
to
have
put
into
practice,
without neglecting
the
first.
You
blind
guides,
to
strain
out
a
gnat
and
to
swallow
a
camel!
Alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
clean
the
outside
of
the
cup
and
the
dish,
but
inside
they
are
filled
with
the
results
of
greed
and self-indulgence.
You
blind
Pharisee!
First
clean
the
inside
of
the
cup
and
the
dish,
so
that
the
outside
may
become
clean
as
well.
Alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
are
like
whitewashed
tombs,
which
indeed
look
fair
outside,
while
inside
they
are
filled
with
dead
people’s
bones
and
all
kinds
of
filth.
It
is
the
same
with
you.
Outwardly,
and
to
others,
you
have
the
look
of religious
people,
but
inwardly
you
are
full
of
hypocrisy
and
sin.
Alas
for
you,
teachers
of
the
Law
and
Pharisees,
hypocrites
that
you
are!
You
build
the
tombs
of
the
prophets,
and
decorate
the
monuments
of religious
people,
and
say ‘Had
we
been
living
in
the
days
of
our
ancestors,
we
should
have
taken
no
part
in
their
murder
of
the
prophets!’
By
doing
this
you
are
furnishing
evidence
against
yourselves
that
you
are
true
children
of
the
people
who
murdered
the
prophets.
Go
on
then,
finish
what
your
ancestors
began!
You
snakes
and
children
of
snakes!
How
can
you
escape
being
sentenced
to Gehenna?
That
is
why
I
send
you
prophets,
wise
people,
and
teachers
of
the
Law,
some
of
whom
you
will
crucify
and
kill,
and
some
of
whom
you
will
scourge
in
your
synagogues,
and
persecute
from
town
to
town;
so
that
on
your
heads
may
fall
every
drop
of
innocent
blood
split
on
earth,
from
the
blood
of
innocent
Abel
down
to
that
of
Zechariah, Barachiah’s
son,
whom
you
murdered
between
the
Temple
and
the
altar.
All
this,
I
tell
you,
will
come
home
to
the
present
generation.
Jerusalem!
Jerusalem!
She
who
slays
the
prophets
and
stones
the
messengers
sent
to
her –
Oh,
how
often
have
I
wished
to
gather
your
children
around
me,
as
a
hen
gathers
her
brood
under
her
wings,
and
you
would
not
come!
Verily,
your
house
is
left
to
you
desolate!
For nevermore,
I
tell
you,
will
you
see
me,
until
you
say – ‘Blessed
is
He
who
comes
in
the
name
of
the
Lord!’”
Leaving
the
Temple
Courts,
Jesus
was
walking
away,
when
his
disciples
came
up
to
draw
his
attention
to
the
Temple
buildings.
“Do
you
see
all
these
things?”
was
his
answer.
“I
tell
you,
not
a
single
stone
will
be
left
here
on
another,
which
will
not
be
thrown
down,”
so,
while
Jesus
was
sitting
on
the
Mount
of
Olives,
his
disciples
came
up
to
him
privately
and
said, “Tell
us
when
this
will
be,
and
what
will
be
the
sign
of
your
coming,
and
of
the
close
of
the
age.”
Jesus
replied
to
them,
“See
that
no
one
leads
you
astray;
for,
many
will
take
my
name,
and
come
saying ‘I
am
the
Christ,’
and
will
lead
many
astray.
You
will
hear
of
wars
and
rumors
of
wars;
take
care
not
to
be
alarmed,
for
such
things
must
occur;
but
the
end
is
not
yet
here.
For
nation
will
rise
against
nation
and
kingdom
against
kingdom,
and
there
will
be
famines
and
earthquakes
in
various
places.
All
this,
however,
will
be
but
the
beginning
of
the
birth
pangs!
When
that
time
comes,
they
will
give
you
up
to
persecution,
and
will
put
you
to
death,
and
you
will
be
hated
by
all
nations
because
of
me.
And
then
many
will
fall
away,
and
will
betray
one
another,
and
hate
one
another.
Many
false
prophets,
also,
will
appear
and
lead
many
astray;
and, owing
to
the
increase
of
wickedness,
the
love
of
most
will
grow
cold.
Yet
the
person
who
endures
to
the
end
will
be
saved.
This
good
news
of
the
kingdom
will
be
proclaimed
throughout
the
world
as
a
witness
to
all
nations;
and
then
will
come
the
end.
As
soon,
then,
as
you
see ‘the
Foul Desecration,’
mentioned
by
the
prophet
Daniel,
standing
in
the
Holy
place,” (the
reader
must
consider
what
this
means)
“then
those
of
you
who
are
in
Judea
must
take
refuge
in
the
mountains;
and
a
man
on
the
housetop
must
not
go
down
to
get
the
things
that
are
in
his
house;
nor
must
one
who
is
on
their
farm
turn
back
to
get
his
cloak.
Alas
for
pregnant
women,
and
for
those
who
are
nursing
infants
in
those
days!
Pray,
too,
that
your
flight
may
not
take
place
in
winter,
nor
on
a
Sabbath;
for
that
will
be
a
time
of
great
distress,
the
like
of
which
has
not
occurred
from
the
beginning
of
the
world
down
to
the
present
time –
no,
nor
ever
will
again.
Had
not
those
days
been
limited,
not
a
single
soul
would
escape;
but
for
the
sake
of
God’s
people
a
limit
will
be
put
to
them.
At
that
time,
if
anyone
should
say
to
you ‘Look!
Here
is
the
Christ!’
or ‘Here
he
is!’,
do
not
believe
it;
for
false
Christs
and
false
prophets
will
arise,
and
will
display
great
signs
and
marvels,
so
that,
were
it
possible,
even
God’s
people
would
be
led
astray.
Remember,
I
have
told
you
beforehand.
Therefore,
if
people
say
to
you ‘He
is
in
the
wilderness!’,
do
not
go
out
there;
or ‘He
is
in
an
inner
room!’,
do
not
believe
it;
for,
just
as
lightning
will
start
from
the
east
and
flash
across
to
the
west,
so
will
it
be
with
the
coming
of
the
Son
of
Man.
Wherever
a
dead
body
lies,
there
will
the
vultures
flock.
Immediately
after
the
distress
of
those
days,
the
sun
will
be
darkened,
the
moon
will
not
give
her
light,
the
stars
will
fall
from
the
heavens,
and
the
forces
of
the
heavens
will
be convulsed.
Then
will
appear
the
sign
of
the
Son
of
Man
in
the
heavens;
and
all
the
peoples
of
the
earth
will
mourn,
when
they
see
the
Son
of
Man
coming
on
the
clouds
of
the
heavens,
with
power
and
great
glory;
and
he
will
send
his
angels,
with
a
great
trumpet,
and
they
will
gather
his
people
around
him
from
the
four
winds,
from
one
end
of
heaven
to
the
other.
“Learn
the lesson
taught
by
the
fig
tree.
As
soon
as
its
branches
are
full
of
sap,
and
it
is
bursting
into
leaf,
you
know
that
summer
is
near.
And
so
may
you,
as
soon
as
you
see
all
these
things,
know
that
he
is
at
your
doors.
I
tell
you,
even
the
present
generation
will
not
pass
away,
until
all
these
things
have
taken
place.
The
heavens
and
the
earth
will
pass
away,
but
my
words
will
never
pass
away.
But
about
that
day
and
hour,
no
one
knows –
not
even
the
angels
of
heaven,
not
even
the
Son –
but
only
the
Father
himself.
For,
just
as
in
the
days
of
Noah,
so
will
it
be
at
the
coming
of
the
Son
of
Man.
In
those
days
before
the
flood
they
went
on
eating
and
drinking,
marrying
and
being
married,
up
to
the
very
day
on
which
Noah
entered
the
ark,
taking
not
notice
until
the
flood
came
and
swept
them
one
and
all
away;
and
so
will
it
be
at
the
coming
of
the
Son
of
Man.
At
that
time,
of
two
men
on
a
farm
one
will
be
taken
and
one
left;
of
two
women
grinding
with
a hand-mill
one
will
be
taken
and
one
left.
Therefore
watch;
for
you
cannot
be
sure
on
what
day
your
Master
is
coming.
But
this
you
do
know,
that,
had
the
owner
of
the
house
known
at
what
time
of
night
the
thief
was
coming,
they
would
have
been
on
the
watch,
and
would
not
have
allowed
their
house
to
be
broken
into.
Therefore,
you
must
also
prepare,
since
it
is
just
when
you
are
least expecting
him
that
the
Son
of
Man
will
come.
Who,
then
is
that
trustworthy,
careful
servant,
who
has
been
placed
by
their
master
over
his
household,
to
give
them
their
food
at
the
proper
time?
Happy
will
that
servant
be
whom
their
master,
when
he
comes
home,
will
find
doing
this.
I
tell
you
that
their
master
will
put
them
in
charge
of
the
whole
of
his
property.
But,
should
the
servant
be
a
bad
servant,
and
say
to
themselves ‘My
master
is
a
long
time
in
coming,’
and
begin
to
beat
their
fellow
servants,
and
eat
and
drink
with
drunkards,
that
servant’s
master
will
come
on
a
day
when
they
do
not
expect
him,
and
at
an
hour
of
which
they
are
unaware,
and
will
flog
the
servant
severely,
and
assign
them
their
place
among
the
hypocrites,
where
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.
“Then
the
kingdom
of
heaven
will
be
like
ten bridesmaids
who
took
their
lamps
and
went
out
to
meet
the
groom.
Five
of
them
were
foolish,
and
five
were
prudent.
The
foolish
ones
took
their
lamps,
but
took
no
oil
with
them;
while
the
prudent
ones,
besides
taking
their
lamps,
took
oil
in
their
jars.
As
the
groom
was
late
in
coming,
they
all
became
drowsy,
and
slept.
But
at
midnight
a
shout
was
raised – ‘The
groom
is
coming!
Come
out
to
meet
him!’
Then
all
the bridesmaids
woke
up
and
trimmed
their
lamps,
and
the
foolish
said
to
the
prudent ‘Give
us
some
of
your
oil;
our
lamps
are
going
out.’
But
the
prudent
ones
answered ‘No,
There
may
not
be
enough
for
you
and
for
us.
Go
instead
to
those
who
sell
it,
and
buy
for
yourselves.’
But
while
they
were
on
their
way
to
buy
it,
the
groom
came;
and
the bridesmaids
who
were
ready
went
in
with
him
to
the
banquet,
and
the
door
was
shut.
Afterward
the
other bridesmaids
came. ‘Sir,
Sir,’
they
said, ‘open
the
door
to
us!’
But
the
groom
answered ‘I
tell
you,
I
do
not
know
you.’
Therefore
watch,
since
you
know
neither
the
day
nor
the
hour.
“For
it
is
as
though
a
man,
going
on
his
travels,
called
his
servants,
and
gave
his
property
into
their
charge.
He
gave
five
bags
of
gold
to
one,
two
to
another,
and
one
bag
to
a
third,
in
proportion
to
the
ability
of
each.
Then
he
set
out
on
his
travels.
The
servant
who
had
received
the
five
bags
of
gold
went
at
once
and
traded
with
it,
and
made
another
five
bags.
So,
too,
the
servant
who
had
received
the
two
bags
of
gold
made
another
two
bags.
But
the
servant
who
had
received
the
one
bag
went
and
dug
a
hole
in
the
ground,
and
hid
his
master’s
money.
After
a
long
time
the
master
of
those
servants
returned,
and
settled
accounts
with
them.
The
servant
who
had
received
the
five
bags
of
gold
came
up
and
brought
five
bags
more. ‘Sir,’
he
said, ‘you
entrusted
me
with
five
bags
of
gold;
look,
I
have
made
another
five
bags!’
‘Well
done,
good,
trustworthy
servant!’
said
his
master. ‘You
have
been
trustworthy
with
a
small
sum;
now
I
will
place
a
large
one
in
your
hands;
come
and
share
your
master’s
joy!’
Then
the
one
who
had
received
the
two
bags
of
gold
came
up
and
said ‘Sir,
you
entrusted
me
with
two
bags
pounds;
look,
I
have
made
another
two!’
‘Well
done,
good,
trustworthy
servant!’
said
his
master. ‘You
have
been
trustworthy
with
a
small
sum;
now
I
will
place
a
large
one
in
your
hands;
come
and
share
your
master’s
joy!’
The
man
who
had
received
the
single
bag
of
gold
came
up,
too,
and
said ‘Sir,
I
knew
that
you
were
a
hard
man;
you
reap
where
you
have
not
sown,
and
gather
up
where
you
have
not
winnowed;
and,
in
my
fear,
I
went
and
hid
your
money
in
the
ground;
look,
here
is
what
belongs
to
you!’
‘You
lazy,
worthless
servant!’
was
his
master’s
reply. ‘You
knew
that
I
reap
where
I
have
not
sown,
and
gather
up
where
I
have
not
winnowed?
Then
you
ought
to
have
placed
my
money
in
the
hands
of bankers,
and
I,
on
my
return,
should
have
received
my
money,
with
interest.
Therefore,’
he
continued, ‘take
away
from
him
the
one
bag
of
gold,
and
give
it
to
the
one
who
has
the
ten
bags.
For,
to
him
who
has,
more
will
be
given,
and
he
will
have
abundance;
but,
as
for
him
who
has
nothing,
even
what
he
has
will
be
taken
away
from
him.
As
for
the
useless
servant,
put
him
out
into
the
darkness
outside,
where
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth.’
“When
the
Son
of
Man
has
come
in
his
glory
and
all
the
angels
with
him,
then
he
will
take
his
seat
on
his
throne
of
glory;
and
all
the
nations
will
be
gathered
before
him,
and
he
will
separate
the
people –
just
as
a
shepherd
separates
sheep
from
goats –
placing
the
sheep
on
his
right
hand,
and
the
goats
on
his
left.
Then
the
king
will
say
to
those
on
his
right ‘Come,
you
who
are
blessed
by
my
Father,
enter
into
possession
of
the
kingdom
prepared
for
you
ever
since
the
beginning
of
the
world.
For,
when
I
was
hungry,
you
gave
me
food;
when
I
was
thirsty,
you
gave
me
drink;
when
I
was
a
stranger,
you
took
me
to
your
homes;
when
I
was
naked,
you
clothed
me;
when
I
fell
ill,
you
visited
me;
and
when
I
was
in
prison,
you
came
to
me.’
Then
the
righteous
will
answer ‘Lord,
when
did
we
see
you
hungry,
and
feed
you?
Or
thirsty,
and
give
you
a
drink?
When
did
we
see
you
a
stranger,
and
take
you
to
our
homes?
Or
naked,
and
clothe
you?
When
did
we
see
you
ill,
or
in
prison,
and
come
to
you?’
And
the
king
will
reply ‘I
tell
you,
as
often
as
you
did
it
to
one
of
these
my
brothers
or
sisters,
however unimportant
they
seemed,
you
did
it
to
me.’
Then
he
will
say
to
those
on
his
left ‘Go
from
my
presence,
accursed,
into
the
permanent
fire
which
has
been
prepared
for
the
devil
and
his
angels.
For,
when
I
was
hungry,
you
gave
me
no
food;
when
I
was
thirsty,
you
gave
me
no
drink;
when
I
was
a
stranger,
you
did
not
take
me
to
your
homes;
when
I
was
naked,
you
did
not
clothe
me;
and,
when
I
was
ill
and
in
prison,
you
did
not
visit
me.’
Then
they,
in
their
turn,
will
answer ‘Lord,
when
did
we
see
you
hungry,
or
thirsty,
or
a
stranger,
or
naked,
or
ill,
or
in
prison,
and
did
not
supply
your
wants?’
And
then
he
will
reply ‘I
tell
you,
as
often
as
you
failed
to
do
it
to
one
of
these,
however unimportant,
you
failed
to
do
it
to
me.’
And
these
last
will
go
away
into
lasting
correction,
but
the
righteous
into
lasting
life.”
When
Jesus
had
finished
teaching
all
of
that,
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“You
know
that
in
two
days
time
the
Festival
of
the
Passover
will
be
here;
and
that
the
Son
of
Man
is
to
be
given
up
to
be
crucified.”
Then
the
chief
priests
and
the
elders
of
the
people
met
in
the
house
of
the
high
priest,
who
was
called
Caiaphas,
and
plotted
together
to
arrest
Jesus
by
stealth
and
put
him
to
death;
but
they
said, “Not
during
the
Festival,
or
the
people
may
riot.”
After
Jesus
had
reached Bethany,
and
while
he
was
in
the
house
of
Simon
the
leper,
a
woman
came
up
to
him
with
an
alabaster
jar
of
very
costly
perfume,
and
poured
the
perfume
on
his
head
as
he
sat
at
the
table.
The
disciples
were
indignant
at
seeing
this. “What
is
this
waste
for?”
they
exclaimed.
“It
could
have
been
sold
for
a
large
sum,
and
the
money
given
to
poor
people.”
“Why
are
you
troubling
the
woman?”
Jesus
said,
when
he
noticed
it.
“For
this
is
a
beautiful
deed
that
she
has
done
to
me.
You
always
have
the
poor
with
you,
but
you
will
not
always
have
me.
In
pouring
this
perfume
on
my
body,
she
prepares
me
for
my
burial.
I
tell
you,
wherever,
in
the
whole
world,
this
good
news
is
proclaimed,
what
this
woman
has
done
will
be
told
in
memory
of
her.”
It
was
then
that
one
of
the
Twelve,
named
Judas
Iscariot,
made
his
way
to
the
chief
priests,
and
said “What
are
you
willing
to
give
me,
if
I
betray
Jesus
to
you?”
The
Priests
counted
him
out
thirty
pieces
of
silver
as
payment.
So
from
that
time
Judas
looked
for
an
opportunity
to
betray
Jesus.
On
the
first
day
of
the
Festival
of
the
unleavened
bread,
the
disciples
came
up
to
Jesus,
and
said, “Where
do
you
wish
us
to
make
preparations
for
you
to
eat
the
Passover?”
“Go
into
the
city
to
a
certain
man,”
he
answered,
“and
say
to
him ‘The
teacher
says –
My
time
is
near.
I
will
keep
the
Passover
with
my
disciples
at
your
house.’”
The
disciples
did
as
Jesus
directed
them,
and
prepared
the
Passover.
In
the
evening
Jesus
took
his
place
with
the
twelve
disciples,
and,
while
they
were
eating,
he
said,
“I
tell
you
that
one
of
you
will
betray
me.”
In
great
grief
they
began
to
say
to
him,
one
by
one, “Can
it
be
I,
Master?”
“The
one
who
dipped
his
bread
beside
me
in
the
dish,”
replied
Jesus,
“is
the
one
who
will
betray
me.
True,
the
Son
of
Man
must
go,
as
scripture
says
of
him,
yet
alas
for
that
man
by
whom
the
Son
of
Man
is
being
betrayed!
For
that
man
it
would
be
better
never
to
have
been
born!”
Judas,
who
was
betraying
him,
turned
to
him
and
said, “Can
it
be
I,
Rabbi?”
“It
is,”
answered
Jesus.
While
they
were
eating,
Jesus
took
some
bread,
and,
after
saying
the
blessing,
broke
it
and,
as
he
gave
it
to
his
disciples,
said,
“Take
it
and
eat
it;
this
is
my
body.”
Then
he
took
a
cup,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
gave
it
to
them,
with
the
words,
“Drink
from
it,
all
of
you;
for
this
is
my
covenant
blood,
which
is
poured
out
for
many
for
the
forgiveness
of
sins.
I
tell
you
that
I
will
never,
after
this,
drink
of
this
juice
of
the
grape,
until
that
day
when
I
will
drink
it
new
with
you
in
the
kingdom
of
my
Father.”
They
then
sang
a
hymn,
and
went
out
to
the
Mount
of
Olives.
Then
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Even
you
will
all
fall
away
from
me
tonight.
Scripture
says – ‘I
will
strike
down
the
shepherd,
and
the
sheep
of
the
flock
will
be
scattered.’
But,
after
I
have
risen,
I
will
go
before
you
into
Galilee.”
“If
everyone
else
falls
away
from
you,”
Peter
answered, “I
will
never
fall
away!”
“I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“that
this
very
night,
before
the cock
crows,
you
will disown
me
three
times!”
“Even
if
I
must
die
with
you,”
Peter
exclaimed, “I
will
never disown
you!”
All
the
disciples
spoke
in
the
same
way.
Then
Jesus
came
with
them
to
a
garden
called
Gethsemane,
and
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“Sit
down
here
while
I
go
and
pray
over
there.”
Taking
with
him
Peter
and
the
two
sons
of
Zebedee,
he
began
to
show
signs
of
sadness
and
deep
distress
of
mind.
“I
am
sad
at
heart,”
he
said,
“sad
even
to
death;
wait
here
and
watch
with
me.”
Going
on
a
little
further,
he
threw
himself
on
his
face
in
prayer.
“My
Father,”
he
said,
“if
it
is
possible,
let
me
be
spared
this
cup;
only,
not
as
I
will,
but
as
you
will.”
Then
he
came
to
his
disciples,
and
found
them
asleep.
“What!”
he
said
to
Peter,
“could
none
of
you
watch
with
me
for
one
hour?
Watch
and
pray
so
that
you
don’t
fall
into
temptation.
True,
the
spirit
is
eager,
but
human nature
is
weak.”
Again,
a
second
time,
he
went
away,
and
prayed.
“My
Father,”
he
said,
“if
I
cannot
be
spared
this
cup,
but
must
drink
it,
your
will
be
done!”
And
coming
back
again
he
found
them
asleep,
for
their
eyes
were
heavy.
So
he
left
them,
and
went
away
again,
and
prayed
a
third
time,
again
saying
the
same
words.
Then
he
came
to
the
disciples,
and
said,
“Sleep
on
now,
and
rest
yourselves.
Look –
my
time
is
close
at
hand,
and
the
Son
of
Man
is
being
betrayed
into
the
hands
of
wicked
people.
Up,
and
let
us
be
going.
Look!
My
betrayer
is
close
at
hand.”
And,
while
he
was
still
speaking,
Judas,
who
was
one
of
the
Twelve,
came
in
sight;
and
with
him
was
a
great
crowd
of
people,
with
swords
and
clubs,
sent
from
the
chief
priests
and
elders
of
the
people.
Now
the
betrayer
had
arranged
a
signal
with
them. “The
man
whom
I
kiss,”
he
had
said, “will
be
the
one;
arrest
him.”
So
he
went
up
to
Jesus
at
once,
and
exclaimed, “Welcome,
Rabbi!”
and
kissed
him;
at
which
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Friend,
do
what
you
have
come
for.”
The
men
went
up,
seized
Jesus,
and
arrested
him.
Suddenly
one
of
those
who
were
with
Jesus
stretched
out
his
hand,
and
drew
his
sword,
and
striking
the
high
priest’s
servant,
cut
off
his
ear.
“Sheathe
your
sword,”
Jesus
said,
“for
all
who
draw
the
sword
will
be
put
to
the
sword.
Do
you
think
that
I
cannot
ask
my
Father
for
help,
when
he
would
at
once
send
to
my aid
more
than
twelve
legions
of
angels?
But
in
that
case
how
would
the
scriptures
be
fulfilled,
which
say
that
this
must
be?”
Jesus
at
the
same
time
said
to
the
crowds,
“Have
you
come
out,
as
if
after
a
robber,
with
swords
and
clubs,
to
take
me?
I
have
sat
teaching
day
after
day
in
the
Temple
Courts,
and
yet
you
did
not
arrest
me.”
The
whole
of
this
occurred
in
fulfillment
of
the
prophetic
scriptures.
Then
the
disciples
all
forsook
him
and
fled.
Those
who
had
arrested
Jesus
took
him
to
Caiaphas,
the
high
priest,
where
the
teachers
of
the
Law
and
elders
had
assembled.
Peter
followed
him
at
a
distance
as
far
as
the
high
priest’s
courtyard,
to
see
the
outcome.
Meanwhile
the
chief
priests
and
the
whole
of
the
High
Council
were
trying
to
get
such
false
evidence
against
Jesus,
as
would warrant
putting
him
to
death,
but
they
did
not
find
any,
although
many
came
forward
with
false
evidence.
Later
on,
however,
two
men
came
forward
and
said,
“This
man
said ‘I
am
able
to
destroy
the
Temple
of
God,
and
to
build
it
in
three
days.’”
Then
the
high
priest
stood
up,
and
said
to
Jesus, “Have
you
no
answer?
What
is
this
evidence
which
these
men
are
giving
against
you?”
But
Jesus
remained
silent.
The
high
priest
said
to
him, “I
order
you,
by
the
living
God,
to
tell
us
whether
you
are
the
Christ,
the
Son
of
God.”
“It
is
true,”
Jesus
answered,
“Moreover
I
tell
you
all
that
hereafter
you
will
see
the
Son
of
Man
sitting
on
the
right
hand
of
the
Almighty,
and
coming
on
the
clouds
of
the
heavens.”
Then
the
high
priest
tore
his
robes. “This
is
blasphemy!”
he
exclaimed. “Why
do
we
want
any
more
witnesses?
You
have
just
heard
his
blasphemy!
What
is
your
decision?”
They
answered, “He
deserves
death.”
Then
they
spat
in
his
face,
and
struck
him,
while
others
dealt
blows
at
him,
saying
as
they
did
so,
“Now
play
the
prophet
for
us,
you
Christ!
Who
was
it
that
struck
you?”
Peter,
meanwhile,
was
sitting
outside
in
the
courtyard;
and
a
maidservant
came
up
to
him,
and
exclaimed, “Why,
you
were
with
Jesus
the
Galilean!”
But Peter
denied
it
before
them
all. “I
do
not
know
what
you
mean,”
he
replied.
When
he
had
gone
out
into
the
gateway,
another
maid
saw
him,
and
said
to
those
who
were
there, “This
man
was
with
Jesus
of
Nazareth!”
Again
he
denied
it
with
an
oath, “I
do
not
know
the
man!”
But
soon
afterward
those
who
were
standing
by
came
up
and
said
to
Peter, “You
also
are
certainly
one
of
them;
why,
even
your
way
of
speaking
proves
it!”
Then
Peter
said, “I
swear
that
I
do
not
know
the
man!
May
God
punish
me
if
I
am
lying!”
At
that
moment
a cock
crowed;
and
Peter
remembered
the
words
which
Jesus
had
said –
‘Before
a cock
has
crowed,
you
will disown
me
three times’;
and
he
went
outside,
and
wept
bitterly.
At
daybreak
all
the
chief
priests
and
the
elders
of
the
people
consulted
together
against
Jesus,
to
bring
about
his
death.
They
put
him
in
chains
and
led
him
away,
and
gave
him
up
to
the Roman
Governor,
Pilate.
Then
Judas,
who
betrayed
him,
seeing
that
Jesus
was
condemned,
repented
of
what
he
had
done,
and
returned
the
thirty
pieces
of
silver
to
the
chief
priests
and
elders.
“I
did
wrong
in
betraying
a
good
man
to
his
death,”
he
said. “What
has
that
to
do
with
us?”
they
replied. “You
must
see
to
that
yourself.”
Judas flung
down
the
pieces
of
silver
in
the
Temple,
and
left;
and
went
away
and
hanged
himself.
The
chief
priests
took
the
pieces
of
silver,
but
they
said, “We
must
not
put
them
into
the
Temple
treasury,
because
they
are blood-money.”
So,
after
consultation,
they
used
it
to
buy
the ‘Potter’s Field’
as
a
burial
ground
for
foreigners,
and
that
is
why
that
field
is
called
the ‘Field
of Blood’
to
this
very
day.
Then
it
was
that
these
words
spoken
by
the
prophet
Jeremiah
were
fulfilled – ‘They
took
the
thirty
pieces
of
silver,
the
price
set
on
him
by
the
people
of
Israel,
and
gave
them
for
the
potter’s
field,
as
the
Lord
commanded
me.’
Meanwhile
Jesus
was
brought
before
the Roman
Governor. “Are
you
the
king
of
the
Jews?”
asked
the
Governor.
“It
is
true,”
answered
Jesus.
While
charges
were
being
brought
against
him
by
the
chief
priests
and
elders,
Jesus
made
no
reply.
Then
Pilate
said
to
him, “Don’t
you
hear
how
many
accusations
they
are
making
against
you?”
Yet
Jesus
made
no
reply –
not
even
a
single
word;
at
which
the
Governor
was
greatly
astonished.
Now,
at
the
feast,
the
Governor
was
accustomed
to
grant
the
people
the
release
of
any
one
prisoner
whom
they
might
choose.
At
that
time
they
had
a
notorious
prisoner
called Barabbas.
So,
when
the
people
had
collected,
Pilate
said
to
them, “Which
do
you
wish
me
to
release
for
you? Barabbas?
Or
Jesus
who
is
called ‘Christ’?”
For
he
knew
that
it
was
out
of
jealousy
that
they
had
given
Jesus
up
to
him.
While
he
was
still
on
the Bench,
his
wife
sent
this
message
to
him – “Do
not
have
anything
to
do
with
that
good
man,
for
I
have
been
very
much
troubled
today
in
a
dream
because
of
him.”
But
the
chief
priests
and
elders
persuaded
the
crowds
to
ask
for Barabbas,
and
to
kill
Jesus.
The
Governor,
however,
said
to
them, “Which
of
these
two
do
you
wish
me
to
release
for
you?”
“Barabbas,”
they
answered.
“What
then,”
Pilate
asked, “should
I
do
with
Jesus
who
is
called ‘Christ?’” “Crucify
him,”
they
all
replied.
“Why,
what
harm
has
he
done?”
he
asked.
But
they
kept
shouting
furiously, “Crucify
him!”
When
Pilate
saw
that
his
efforts
were unavailing,
but
that,
on
the
contrary,
a
riot
was
beginning,
he
took
some
water,
and
washed
his
hands
in
the
sight
of
the
crowd,
saying
as
he
did
so, “I
am
not
answerable
for
this
bloodshed;
you
must
see
to
it
yourselves.”
And
all
the
people
answered, “His
blood
be
on
our
heads
and
on
our
children’s!”
Then
Pilate
released Barabbas
to
them,
but
Jesus
he
had
scourged,
and
gave
him
up
to
be
crucified.
After
that,
the
Governor’s
soldiers
took
Jesus
with
them
into
the
Government
house,
and
gathered
the
whole
garrison
around
him.
They
stripped
him,
and
put
on
him
a
red
military
cloak,
and
having
twisted
some
thorns
into
a
crown,
put
it
on
his
head,
and
a
rod
in
his
right
hand,
and
then,
going
down
on
their
knees
before
him,
they
mocked
him. “Long
life
to
you,
king
of
the
Jews!”
they
said.
They
spat
at
him
and,
taking
the
rod,
kept
striking
him
on
the
head;
and,
when
they
had
left
off
mocking
him,
they
took
off
the
military
cloak,
and
put
his
own
clothes
on
him,
and
led
him
away
to
be
crucified.
As
they
were
on
their
way
out,
they
came
upon
a
man
from
Cyrene
called
Simon,
and
they
compelled
him
to
go
with
them
to
carry
the
cross.
On
reaching
a
place
named
Golgotha (a
place
named
from
its
likeness
to
a
skull),
they
gave
him
some
wine
to
drink
which
had
been
mixed
with
gall;
but
after
tasting
it,
Jesus
refused
to
drink
it.
When
they
had
crucified
him,
they
divided
his
clothes
among
them
by
casting
lots.
Then
they
sat
down,
and
kept
watch
over
him
there.
Above
his
head
they
fixed
the
accusation
against
him
written
out – ‘THIS
IS
JESUS
THE
KING
OF
THE
JEWS.’
At
the
same
time
two
robbers
were
crucified
with
him,
one
on
the
right,
the
other
on
the
left.
The
passers-by
railed
at
him,
shaking
their
heads
as
they
said,
“You
who
would ‘destroy
the
Temple
and
build
one
in
three
days,’
save
yourself!
If
you
are
God’s
Son,
come
down
from
the
cross!”
In
the
same
way
the
chief
priests,
with
the
Teachers
of
the
Law
and
elders,
said
in
mockery,
“He
saved
others,
but
he
cannot
save
himself!
He
is
the ‘king
of Israel’!
Why
doesn’t
he
come
down
from
the
cross
now,
then
we
will
believe
in
him.
He
has
trusted
in
God;
if
God
wants
him,
let
him
deliver
him
now;
for
he
said ‘I
am
God’s
Son.’”
Even
the
robbers,
who
were
crucified
with
him,
insulted
him
in
the
same
way.
After
midday
a
darkness
came
over
all
the
country,
lasting
until
three
in
the
afternoon.
About
three
Jesus
called
out
loudly,
“Eloi,
Eloi,
lema sabacthani” –
that
is
to
say,
‘My
God,
my
God,
why
have
you
forsaken
me?’
Some
of
those
standing
by
heard
this,
and
said, “The
man
is
calling
for
Elijah!”
One
of
them
immediately
ran
and
took
a
sponge,
and,
filling
it
with
common
wine,
put
it
on
the
end
of
a
rod,
and
offered
it
to
him
to
drink.
But
the
rest
said, “Wait
and
let
us
see
if
Elijah
is
coming
to
save
him.”
27.49
Some later manuscripts add: However another man took a spear, and pierced his side; and water and blood flowed from it.
But
Jesus,
uttering
another
loud
cry,
gave
up
his
spirit.
Suddenly
the
Temple
curtain
was
torn
in
two
from
top
to
bottom,
the
earth
shook,
the
rocks
were
torn
asunder,
the
tombs
opened,
and
the
bodies
of
many
of
God’s
people
who
had
fallen
asleep
rose,
and
they,
leaving
their
tombs,
went,
after
the
resurrection
of
Jesus,
into
the
Holy
City,
and
appeared
to
many
people.
The Roman
centurion,
and
the
men
with
him
who
were
watching
Jesus,
on
seeing
the
earthquake
and
all
that
was
happening,
became
greatly
frightened
and
exclaimed, “This
must
indeed
have
been
God’s
Son!”
There
were
many
women
there,
watching
from
a
distance,
who
had
accompanied
Jesus
from
Galilee
and
had
been
attending
on
him.
Among
them
were
Mary
of Magdala,
Mary
the
mother
of
James
and
Joseph,
and
the
mother
of
Zebedee’s
sons.
When
evening
had
fallen,
there
came
a
rich
man
from Arimathea,
named
Joseph,
who
had
himself
become
a
disciple
of
Jesus.
He
went
to
see
Pilate,
and
asked
for
the
body
of
Jesus.
Pilate
ordered
it
to
be
given
him.
So
Joseph
took
the
body,
and
wrapped
it
in
a
clean
linen
sheet,
and
laid
it
in
his
newly
made
tomb
which
he
had
cut
in
the
rock;
and,
before
he
left,
he
rolled
a
great
stone
against
the
entrance
of
the
tomb.
Mary
of Magdala
and
the
other
Mary
remained
behind,
sitting
in
front
of
the
grave.
The
next
day –
that
is,
the
day
following
the Preparation-day –
the
chief
priests
and
Pharisees
came
in
a
body
to
Pilate,
and
said,
“Sir,
we
remember
that,
during
his
lifetime,
that impostor
said
‘I
will
rise
after
three
days.’
So
order
the
tomb
to
be
made
secure
until
the
third
day.
Otherwise
his
disciples
may
come
and
steal
him,
and
then
say
to
the
people ‘He
has
risen
from
the
dead,’
when
the
latest imposture
will
be
worse
than
the
first.”
“You
may
have
a
guard,”
was Pilate’s
reply. “Go
and
make
the
tomb
as
secure
as
you
can.”
So
they
went
and
made
the
tomb
secure,
by
sealing
the
stone,
in
presence
of
the
guard.
The Risen Life
After
the
Sabbath,
as
the
first
day
of
the
week
began
to
dawn,
Mary
of Magdala
and
the
other
Mary
had
gone
to
look
at
the
grave,
when
suddenly
a
great
earthquake
occurred.
For
an
angel
of
the
Lord
descended
from
heaven,
and
came
and
rolled
away
the
stone,
and
seated
himself
on
it.
His
appearance
was
as
dazzling
as
lightning,
and
his
clothing
was
as
white
as
snow;
and,
in
their
terror
of
him,
the
men
on
guard
trembled
violently
and
became
like
dead
men.
But
the
angel,
addressing
the
women,
said, “You
need
not
be
afraid.
I
know
that
it
is
Jesus,
who
was
crucified,
for
whom
you
are
looking.
He
is
not
here;
for
he
has
risen,
as
he
said
he
would.
Come,
and
see
the
place
where
he
was
lying;
and
then
go
quickly
and
say
to
his
disciples ‘He
has
risen
from
the
dead,
and
is
going
before
you
into
Galilee;
there
you
will
see
him.’
Remember,
I
have
told
you.”
They
left
the
tomb
quickly,
in
awe
and
great
joy,
and
ran
to
tell
the
news
to
the
disciples.
Suddenly
Jesus
met
them.
“Welcome!”
he
said.
The
women
went
up
to
him,
and clasped
his
feet,
bowing
to
the
ground
before
him.
Then
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Do
not
be
afraid;
go
and
tell
my
brothers
and
sisters
to
set
out
for
Galilee,
and
they
will
see
me
there.”
While
they
were
still
on
their
way,
some
of
the
guard
came
into
the
city,
and
reported
to
the
chief
priests
everything
that
had
happened.
So
they
and
the
elders
met
and,
after
holding
a
consultation,
gave
a
large
sum
of
money
to
the
soldiers,
and
told
them
to
say
that
his
disciples
came
in
the
night,
and
stole
him
while
they
were
asleep;
“And
should
this
matter
come
before
the
Governor,”
they
added, “we
will
satisfy
him,
and
see
that
you
have
nothing
to
fear.”
So
the
soldiers
took
the
money,
and
did
as
they
were
instructed.
This
story
spread
widely;
the
people
of
Judea
still
tell
it
today.
The
eleven
disciples
went
to
Galilee,
to
the
mountain
where
Jesus
told
them
to
meet
him;
and,
when
they
saw
him,
they
bowed
to
the
ground
before
him;
although
some
felt
doubtful.
Then
Jesus
came
up,
and
spoke
to
them,
saying,
“All
authority
in
heaven
and
on
the
earth
has
been
given
to
me.
Therefore
go
and
make
disciples
of
all
the
nations, baptizing
them
in
the
name
of
the
Father,
the
Son,
and
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
teaching
them
to
lay
to
heart
all
the
commands
that
I
have
given
you;
and,
remember,
I
myself
am
with
you
every
day
until
the
close
of
the
age.”
Mark
The Good News According to Mark
Mark
The
Good News According to
Mark
The Preparation
The
beginning
of
the
good
news
about
Jesus
Christ.
It
is
said
in
the
prophet
Isaiah –
‘I
am
sending
my
messenger
ahead
of
you;
he
will
prepare
your
way.
The
voice
of
one
crying
aloud
in
the
wilderness:
“Prepare
the
road
for
the
Lord,
make
a
straight
path
for
him.”’
John
the Baptizer
appeared
in
the
wilderness,
proclaiming
a baptism
on
repentance,
for
the
forgiveness
of
sins.
The
whole
of
Judea,
as
well
as
all
the
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem,
went
out
to
him;
and
they
were baptized
by
him
in
the
Jordan
River,
confessing
their
sins.
John
wore
clothes
made
of
camels’
hair,
with
a
leather
strap
around
his
waist,
and
lived
on
locusts
and
wild
honey;
and
he
proclaimed – “After
me
is
coming
someone
more
powerful
than
I
am,
and
I
am
not
fit
even
to
stoop
down
and unfasten
his
sandals.
I
have baptized
you
with
water,
but
he
will baptize
you
with
the
Holy
Spirit.”
Now
about
that
time
Jesus
came
from
Nazareth
in
Galilee,
and
was baptized
by
John
in
the
Jordan.
Just
as
he
was
coming
up
out
of
the
water,
he
saw
the
heavens
split
open
and
the
Spirit
coming
down
to
him
like
a
dove,
and
from
the
heavens
came
a
voice – “You
are
my
dearly
loved
son;
you
bring
me
great
joy.”
Immediately
afterward
the
Spirit
drove
Jesus
out
into
the
wilderness;
and
he
was
there
in
the
wilderness
forty
days,
tempted
by
Satan,
and
among
the
wild
beasts,
while
the
angels
helped
him.
The
Work
in
Galilee
After
John
had
been
arrested,
Jesus
went
to
Galilee,
proclaiming
the
good
news
of
God –
“The
time
has
come,
and
the
kingdom
of
God
is
at
hand;
repent,
and
believe
the
good
news.”
As
Jesus
was
going
along
the
shore
of
the
Sea
of
Galilee,
he
saw
Simon
and
his
brother Andrew
casting
a
net
in
the
sea,
for
they
were
fishermen.
“Come
and
follow
me,”
Jesus
said,
“and
I
will
teach
you
to
fish
for
people.”
They
left
their
nets
at
once,
and
followed
him.
Going
on
a
little
further,
he
saw
James,
Zebedee’s
son,
and
his
brother
John,
who
were
in
their
boat
mending
the
nets.
Jesus
called
them
at
once,
and
they
left
their
father
Zebedee
in
the
boat
with
the crew,
and
went
after
him.
They
walked
to
Capernaum.
On
the
next
Sabbath
Jesus
went
into
the
synagogue
and
began
to
teach.
The
people
were
amazed
at
his
teaching,
for
he
taught
them
like
one
who
had
authority,
and
not
like
the
teachers
of
the
Law.
Now
there
was
in
their
synagogue
at
the
time
a
man
under
the
power
of
a
foul
spirit,
who
called
out,
“What
do
you
want
with
us,
Jesus
the
Nazarene?
Have
you
come
to
destroy
us?
I
know
who
you
are –
the
Holy
One
of
God!”
But
Jesus
rebuked
the
spirit,
“Be
silent!
Come
out
from
him.”
The
foul
spirit
threw
the
man
into
a
fit,
and
with
a
loud
cry
came
out
from
him.
They
were
all
so
amazed
that
they
kept
asking
each
other, “What
is
this?
What
is
this,
a
new
kind
of
teaching?
He
gives
his
commands
with
authority
even
to
the
foul
spirits,
and
they
obey
him!”
His
fame
spread
at
once
in
all
directions,
through
the
whole
region
of
Galilee.
As
soon
as
they
had
left
the
synagogue,
they
went
to
the
house
of
Simon
and Andrew,
along
with
James
and
John.
Now
Simon’s
mother-in-law
was
lying
ill
with
a
fever,
and
they
at
once
told
Jesus
about
her.
Jesus
went
up
to
her
and, grasping
her
hand,
raised
her
up;
the
fever
left
her,
and
she
began
to
take
care
of
them.
In
the
evening,
after
sunset,
the
people
brought
to
Jesus
all
who
were
ill
or
possessed
by
demons;
and
the
whole
city
was
gathered
around
the
door.
Jesus
cured
many
who
were
ill
with
various
diseases,
and
drove
out
many
demons,
and
would
not
permit
them
to
speak,
because
they
knew
him
to
be
the Christ.
In
the
morning,
long
before
daylight,
Jesus
got
up
and
went
out
to
a
lonely
spot,
where
he
began
to
pray.
But
Simon
and
his
companions
went
out
searching
for
him;
and,
when
they
found
him,
they
exclaimed, “Everyone
is
looking
for
you!”
But
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Let
us
go
somewhere
else,
into
the
country
towns
nearby
so
that
I
can
make
my
proclamation
in
them
also;
for
that
was
why
I
came.”
And
he
went
about
making
his
proclamation
in
their
synagogues
all
through
Galilee,
and
driving
out
the
demons.
One
day
a
leper
came
to
Jesus
and,
falling
on
his
knees,
begged
him
for
help. “If
only
you
are
willing,”
he
said, “you
are
able
to
make
me
clean.”
Moved
with
compassion,
Jesus
stretched
out
his
hand
and
touched
him,
saying
as
he
did
so,
“I
am
willing;
become
clean.”
Instantly
the
leprosy
left
the
man,
and
he
became
clean;
and
then
Jesus,
after
sternly
warning
him,
immediately
sent
him
away,
and
said
to
him,
“Be
careful
not
to
say
anything
to
anyone;
but
go
and
show
yourself
to
the
priest,
and
make
the
offerings
for
your
cleansing
directed
by
Moses,
as
evidence
of
your
cure.”
The
man,
however,
went
away,
and
began
to
speak
about
it
publicly,
and
to
spread
the
story
so
widely,
that
Jesus
could
no
longer
go
openly
into
a
town,
but
stayed
outside
in
lonely
places;
and
people
came
to
him
from
every
direction.
Some
days
later,
when
Jesus
came
back
to
Capernaum,
the
news
spread
that
he
was
in
a
house
there;
and
so
many
people
collected
together,
that
after
a
while
there
was
no
room
for
them
even
around
the
door;
and
he
began
to
tell
them
his
message.
Some
people
came,
bringing
to
him
a
paralyzed
man,
who
was
being
carried
by
four
of
them.
They
were
unable
to
get
him
near
to
Jesus,
because
of
the
crowd,
so
they
removed
the
roof
above
Jesus,
and,
when
they
had
made
an
opening,
they
let
down
the
mat
on
which
the
paralyzed
man
was
lying.
When
Jesus
saw
their
faith,
he
said
to
the
man,
“Child,
your
sins
are
forgiven.”
But
some
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law
who
were
sitting
there
were debating
in
their
minds,
“Why
does
this
man
speak
like
this?
He
is
blaspheming!
Who
can
forgive
sins
except
God?”
Jesus,
at
once intuitively
aware
that
they
were debating
with
themselves
in
this
way,
said
to
them,
“Why
are
you debating
in
your
minds
about
this?
Which
is
easier? –
to
say
to
the
paralyzed
man, ‘Your
sins
are forgiven’?
Or
to
say ‘Get
up,
and
take
up
your
mat,
and walk’?
But
so
you
may
know
that
the
Son
of
Man
has
power
to
forgive
sins
on
earth” –
here
he
said
to
the
paralyzed
man –
“To
you
I
say,
Get
up,
take
up
your
mat,
and
return
to
your
home.”
The
man
got
up,
and
immediately
took
up
his
mat,
and
went
out
before
them
all;
at
which
they
were
amazed,
and,
as
they
praised
God,
they
said, “We
have
never
seen
anything
like
this!”
Jesus
went
out
again
to
the
sea;
and
all
the
people
came
to
him,
and
he
taught
them.
As
he
went
along,
he
saw
Levi,
the
son
of Alphaeus,
sitting
in
the
tax
office,
and
said
to
him,
“Follow
me.”
Levi
got
up
and
followed
him.
Later
on
he
was
in
his
house
having
dinner,
and
a
number
of
tax
collectors
and
outcasts
took
their
places
at
the
table
with
Jesus
and
his
disciples;
for
many
of
them
were
following
him.
When
the
teachers
of
the
Law belonging
to
the
party
of
the
Pharisees
saw
that
he
was
eating
in
the
company
of
such
people,
they
said
to
his
disciples, “Why
does
he
eat
with
the
tax
collectors
and
outcasts?”
Hearing
this,
Jesus
said,
“It
is
not
those
who
are
healthy
who
need
a
doctor,
but
those
who
are
ill.
I
did
not
come
to
call
the religious,
but
the
outcast.”
Now
John’s
disciples
and
the
Pharisees
were
fasting,
and
people
came
and
asked
Jesus, “Why
is
it
that
John’s
disciples
and
the
disciples
of
the
Pharisees
fast,
while
yours
do
not?”
Jesus
answered,
“Can
the groom’s
friends
fast,
while
the
groom
is
with
them?
As
long
as
they
have
the
groom
with
them,
they
cannot
fast.
But
the
days
will
come,
when
the
groom
will
be
taken
away
from
them,
and
they
will
fast
then –
when
that
day
comes.”
“No
one
ever
sews
a
piece
of unshrunk
cloth
on
an
old
garment;
if
they
do,
the
patch
tears
away
from
it –
the
new
from
the
old –
and
a
worse
tear
is
made.
And
no
one
ever
puts
new
wine
into
old wine-skins;
if
they
do,
the
wine
will
burst
the
skins,
and
both
the
wine
and
the
skins
are
lost.
But
new
wine
is
put
into
fresh
skins.”
One
Sabbath,
as
Jesus
was
walking
through
the cornfields,
his
disciples
began
to
pick
the
ears
of
wheat
as
they
went
along.
“Look!”
the
Pharisees
said
to
him, “why
are
they
doing
what
is
not
allowed
on
the
Sabbath?”
“Have
you
never
read,”
answered
Jesus,
“what
David
did
when
he
was
in
need
and
hungry,
he
and
his
companions –
how
he
went
into
the
house
of
God,
in
the
time
of
Abiathar
the
high
priest,
and
ate
the
consecrated
bread,
which
only
the
priests
are
allowed
to
eat,
and
gave
some
to
his comrades
as
well?”
Then
Jesus
added,
“The
Sabbath
was
made
for
people,
and
not
people
for
the
Sabbath;
so
the
Son
of
Man
is
lord
even
of
the
Sabbath.”
On
another
occasion
Jesus
went
in
to
a
synagogue,
where
there
was
a
man
whose
hand
was
withered.
And
they
watched
Jesus
closely,
to
see
if
he
would
cure
the
man
on
the
Sabbath,
so
that
they
might
have
a
charge
to
bring
against
him.
“Stand
out
in
the
middle,”
Jesus
said
to
the
man
with
the
withered
hand;
and
to
the
people
he
said,
“Is
it allowable
to
do
good
at
the
Sabbath –
or
harm?
To
save
a
life,
or
destroy
it?”
As
they
remained
silent,
Jesus
looked
around
at
them
in
anger,
grieving
at
the
hardness
of
their
hearts,
and
said
to
the
man,
“Stretch
out
your
hand.”
The
man
stretched
it
out;
and
his
hand
had
become
sound.
Immediately
on
leaving
the synagogue,
the
Pharisees
and
the
Herodians
united
in
laying
a
plot
against
Jesus,
to
put
him
to
death.
Then
Jesus
went
away
with
his
disciples
to
the
sea,
followed
by
a
great
number
of
people
from
Galilee.
A
great
number,
hearing
of
all
that
he
was
doing,
came
to
him
from
Judea,
from
Jerusalem,
from
Edom,
from
beyond
the
Jordan,
and
from
the
country
around
Tyre
and
Sidon.
So
Jesus
told
his
disciples
to
keep
a
small
boat
close
by,
so
that
the
crowd
would
not
crush
him.
For
he
had
cured
many
of
them,
and
so
people
kept crowding
around
him,
so
all
who
were
sick
might
touch
him.
The
foul
spirits,
too,
whenever
they
caught
sight
of
him, flung
themselves
down
before
him,
and
screamed
out, “You
are
the
Son
of
God”!
But
he
repeatedly
warned
them
not
to
make
him
known.
Jesus
made
his
way
up
the
hill,
and
called
those
whom
he
wished;
and
they
went
to
him.
He
appointed
twelve –
whom
he
also
named ‘apostles’ –
so
that
they
might
be
with
him,
and
that
he
might
send
them
out
as
his
messengers,
to
preach,
and
with
power
to
drive
out
demons.
So
he
appointed
the
Twelve –
Peter (which
was
the
name
that
Jesus
gave
to
Simon),
James,
the
son
of
Zebedee,
and
his
brother
John (to
whom
he
gave
the
name
of Boanerges,
which
means
the Thunderers),
Andrew,
Philip, Bartholomew,
Matthew,
Thomas,
James
the
son
of Alphaeus,
Thaddaeus,
Simon
the
Zealot,
and
Judas
Iscariot,
the
man
who
betrayed
him.
Jesus
went
into
a
house;
and
again
a
crowd
collected,
so
that
they
were
not
even
able
to
eat
their
food.
When
his
relatives
heard
of
it,
they
went
to
take
charge
of
him,
for
they
said
that
he
was
out
of
his
mind.
The
teachers
of
the
Law,
who
had
come
down
from
Jerusalem,
said, “He
has Beelzebul
in
him!
He
drives
the
demons
out
by
the
help
of
their
chief.”
So
Jesus
called
them
to
him,
and
answered
them
in
parables,
“How
can
Satan
drive
out
Satan?
When
a
kingdom
is
divided
against
itself,
it
cannot
last;
and
when
a
household
is
divided
against
itself,
it
will
not
be
able
to
last.
So,
if
Satan
is
in
revolt
against
himself
and
is
divided,
he
cannot
last –
his
end
has
come!
“No
man
who
has
broken
into
a
strong
man’s
house
can
carry
off
his
goods,
without
first tying
him
up;
and
not
until
then
will
he
plunder
his
house.
I
tell
you
that
people
will
be
forgiven
everything –
their
sins,
and
all
the
slanders
that
they
utter;
but
whoever
slanders
the
Holy
Spirit
remains unforgiven
to
the
end;
he
has
to
answer
for
an
enduring
sin.”
This
was
said
in
reply
to
the
charge
that
he
had
a
foul
spirit
in
him.
His
mother
and
his
brothers
came,
and
stood
outside,
and
sent
to
ask
him
to
come
to
them.
There
was
a
crowd
sitting
around
Jesus,
and
some
of
them
said
to
him, “Look,
your
mother
and
your
brothers
are
outside,
asking
for
you.”
“Who
is
my
mother?
And
my
brothers?”
was
his
reply.
Then
he
looked
around
on
the
people
sitting
in
a
circle
around
him,
and
said,
“Here
are
my
mother
and
my
brothers!
Whoever
does
the
will
of
God
is
my
brother
and
sister
and
mother.”
Jesus
again
began
to
teach
by
the
sea;
and,
as
an
immense
crowd
was
gathering
around
him,
he
got
into
a
boat,
and
sat
in
it
on
the
sea,
while
all
the
people
were
on
the
shore
at
the water’s
edge.
Then
he
taught
them
many truths
in
parables;
and
in
the
course
of
his
teaching
he
said
to
them:
“Listen!
The
sower
went
out
to
sow;
and
presently,
as
he
was
sowing,
some
of
the
seed
fell
along
the
path;
and
the
birds
came,
and
ate
it
up.
Some
fell
on
rocky
ground,
where
it
had
not
much
soil,
and,
because
the
soil
wasn’t
deep,
sprang
up
at
once;
but,
when
the
sun
rose,
it
was
scorched,
and,
because
their
roots
were
not
deep
enough,
withered
away.
Some
of
the
seed
fell
among
brambles;
but
the
brambles
shot
up
and
completely
choked
it,
and
it
yielded
no
return.
Some
fell
into
good
soil,
and,
shooting
up
and
growing,
yielded
a
return, amounting
to
thirty,
sixty,
and
even
a
hundred
fold.”
And
Jesus
said,
“Let
anyone
who
has
ears
to
hear
with
hear.”
Afterward,
when
he
was
alone,
his
followers
and
the
Twelve
asked
him
about
his
parables;
and
he
said,
“To
you
the
hidden
truth
of
the
kingdom
of
God
has
been
imparted;
but
to
those
who
are
outside
it
all
teaching
takes
the
form
of
parables
so
that –
‘Though
they
have
eyes,
they
may
see
without perceiving;
and
though
they
have
ears,
they
may
hear
without
understanding;
otherwise
some
day
they
might
turn
and
be
forgiven.’”
“You
do
not
know
the
meaning
of
this
parable?”
he
went
on,
“Then
how
will
you
understand
all
the
other
parables?
The
sower
sows
the
message.
The
people
meant
by
the
seed
that
falls
along
the
path
are
these –
where
the
message
is
sown,
but,
as
soon
as
they
have
heard
it,
Satan
immediately
comes
and
carries
away
the
message
that
has
been
sown
in
them.
So,
too,
those
meant
by
the
seed
sown
on
the
rocky
places
are
the
people
who,
when
they
have
heard
the
message,
at
once
accept
it
joyfully;
but,
as
they
have
no
root,
they
stand
only
for
a
short
time;
and
so,
when
trouble
or
persecution
arises
because
of
the
message,
they
fall
away
at
once.
Those
meant
by
the
seed
sown
among
the
brambles
are
different;
they
are
the
people
who
hear
the
message,
but
the
cares
of
life,
and
the glamour
of
wealth,
and cravings
for
many
other
things
come
in
and
completely
choke
the
message,
so
that
it
gives
no
return.
But
the
people
meant
by
the
seed
sown
on
the
good
ground
are
those
who
hear
the
message,
and
welcome
it,
and
yield
a
return,
thirty,
sixty,
and
even
a
hundred
fold.”
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Is
a
lamp
brought
to
be
put
under
a
basket
or
under
the
couch,
instead
of
being
put
on
the lamp-stand?
There
is
nothing
hidden
that
will
not
come
to
light
and
nothing
is
concealed
that
will
not
be
brought
into
the
open.
Let
all
who
have
ears
to
hear
with
hear.
“Take
care
what
you
listen
to,”
said
Jesus.
“The
standard
you
use
will
be
used
for
you,
and
more
will
be
added
for
you.
For,
to
those
who
have,
more
will
be
given;
while,
from
those
who
have
nothing,
even
what
they
have
will
be
taken
away.”
Jesus
also
said,
“This
is
what
the
kingdom
of
God
is
like –
like
a
man
who
has
scattered
seed
on
the
ground,
and
then
sleeps
by
night
and
rises
by
day,
while
the
seed
is
shooting
up
and
growing –
he
knows
not
how.
The
ground
bears
the
crop
of
itself –
first
the
blade,
then
the
ear,
and
then
the
full
grain
in
the
ear;
but,
as
soon
as
the
crop
is
ready,
immediately
he
puts
in
the
sickle
because
harvest
has
come.”
Jesus
also
said,
“To
what
can
we
liken
the
kingdom
of
God?
By
what
can
we illustrate
it?
Perhaps
by
the
growth
of
a
mustard
seed.
This
seed,
when
sown
in
the
ground,
though
it
is
smaller
than
all
other
seeds,
yet,
when
sown,
shoots
up,
and
becomes
larger
than
any
other
herb,
and
puts
out
great
branches,
so
that
even
the
wild
birds
can roost
in
its
shelter.”
With
many
such
parables
Jesus
used
to
speak
to
the
people
of
his
message,
as
far
as
they
were
able
to
receive
it;
and
to
them
he
never
used
to
speak
except
in
parables;
but
in
private
to
his
own
disciples
he
explained
everything.
In
the
evening
of
the
same
day,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Let
us
go
across.”
So,
leaving
the
crowd
behind,
they
took
him
with
them,
just
as
he
was,
in
the
boat;
and
there
were
other
boats
with
him.
A
violent squall
came
on,
and
the
waves
kept
dashing
into
the
boat,
so
that
the
boat
was
actually
filling.
Jesus
was
in
the
stern
asleep
on
the
cushion;
and
the
disciples
roused
him
and
cried, “Teacher!
Is
it
nothing
to
you
that
we
are
lost?”
Jesus
rose
and
rebuked
the
wind,
and
said
to
the
sea,
“Hush!
Be
still!”
Then
the
wind
dropped,
and
a
great
calm
followed.
“Why
are
you
so
timid?”
he
exclaimed.
“Have
you
no
faith
yet?”
But
they
were
struck
with
great
awe,
and
said
to
one
another, “Who
can
this
be
that
even
the
wind
and
the
sea
obey
him?”
They
came
to
the
other
side
of
the
sea –
the
region
of
the
Gerasenes;
and,
as
soon
as
Jesus
had
got
out
of
the
boat,
he
met
a
man
coming
out
of
the
tombs,
who
was
under
the
power
of
a
foul
spirit,
and
who
made
his
home
in
the
tombs.
No
one
had
ever
been
able
to
secure
him,
even
with
a
chain;
for,
though
he
had
many
times
been
left
secured
with
fetters
and
chains,
he
had
snapped
the
chains
and
broken
the
fetters
to
pieces,
and
no
one
could
master
him.
Night
and
day
alike,
he
was
continually shrieking
in
the
tombs
and
among
the
hills,
and
cutting
himself
with
stones.
Catching
sight
of
Jesus
from
a
distance,
he
ran
and
bowed
to
the
ground
before
him,
shrieking
out
in
a
loud
voice, “What
do
you
want
with
me,
Jesus,
Son
of
the
Most
High
God?
For
God’s
sake
do
not
torment
me!”
For
Jesus
had
said,
“Come
out
from
the
man,
you
foul
spirit.”
And
he
asked
him,
“What
is
your
name?” “My
name,”
he
said, “is
Legion,
for
there
are
many
of
us;”
and
he
begged
Jesus
again
and
again
not
to
send
them
away
out
of
that
country.
There
was
a
large
herd
of
pigs
close
by,
feeding
on
the
hillside;
and
the
spirits
begged
Jesus, “Send
us
into
the
pigs
so
that
we
can
take
possession
of
them.”
Jesus
gave
them
leave.
They
came
out,
and
entered
into
the
pigs;
and
the
herd –
about
two
thousand
in
number –
rushed
down
the
steep
slope
into
the
sea
and
were
drowned
in
the
sea.
Then
the
men
who tended
them
ran
away,
and
carried
the
news
to
the
town,
and
to
the
country
around;
and
the
people
went
to
see
what
had
happened.
When
they
came
to
Jesus,
they
found
the
possessed
man
sitting
there,
clothed
and
in
his
right
mind –
the
man
who
had
had
the ‘Legion’
in
him –
and
they
were awe-struck.
Then
those
who
had
seen
it
related
to
them
all
that
had
happened
to
the
possessed
man,
as
well
as
about
the
pigs;
so
they
began
to
beg
Jesus
to
leave
their
region.
As
Jesus
was
getting
into
the
boat,
the
possessed
man
begged
him
to
let
him
stay
with
him.
But
Jesus
refused.
“Go
back
to
your
home,
to
your
own
people,”
he
said,
“and
tell
them
of
all
that
the
Lord
has
done
for
you,
and
how
he
took
pity
on
you.”
So
the
man
went,
and
began
to
proclaim
in
the
district
of
the
Ten
Towns
all
that
Jesus
had
done
for
him;
and
everyone
was
amazed.
By
the
time
Jesus
had recrossed
in
the
boat
to
the
opposite
shore,
a
great
number
of
people
had
gathered
to
meet
him,
and
were
standing
by
the
sea.
One
of
the
leaders
of
the synagogue,
whose
name
was
Jairus,
came
and,
as
soon
as
he
saw
Jesus,
threw
himself
at
his
feet
and
begged
him
repeatedly,
saying, “My
little
daughter
is
at death’s
door.
Please
come
and
place
your
hands
on
her
so
that
she
may
recover
and
live.”
So
Jesus
went
with
him.
A
great
number
of
people
followed
Jesus,
and
kept
pressing
around
him.
Meanwhile
a
woman
who
for
twelve
years
had
suffered
from
hemorrhage,
and undergone
much
at
the
hands
of
many
doctors, (spending
all
she
had
without obtaining
any
relief,
but,
on
the
contrary,
growing
worse),
heard
about
Jesus,
came
behind
in
the
crowd,
and
touched
his
cloak.
“If
I
can
only
touch
his
clothes,”
she
said, “I
will
get
well!”
At
once
her bleeding
stopped,
and
she
felt
in
herself
that
she
was
cured
of
her
affliction.
Jesus
at
once
became
aware
of
the
power
that
had
gone
out
from
him,
and,
turning
around
in
the
crowd,
he
said,
“Who
touched
my
clothes?”
“You
see
the
people
pressing
around
you,”
exclaimed
his
disciples, “and
yet
you
say
‘Who
touched
me?’”
But
Jesus
looked
about
to
see
who
had
done
it.
Then
the
woman,
in
fear
and
trembling,
knowing
what
had
happened
to
her,
came
and
threw
herself
down
before
him,
and
told
him
the
whole
truth.
“Daughter,”
he
said,
“your
faith
has
delivered
you.
Go,
and
peace
be
with
you;
be
free
from
your
affliction.”
Before
he
had
finished
speaking,
some
people
from
the
house
of
the synagogue
leader
came
and
said, “Your
daughter
is
dead!
Why
should
you
trouble
the
teacher
further?”
But
Jesus,
overhearing
what
they
were
saying,
said
to
the synagogue
leader,
“Do
not
be
afraid;
only
have
faith.”
And
he
allowed
no
one
to
accompany
him,
except
Peter,
James,
and
John,
the
brother
of
James.
Presently
they
reached
the leader’s
house,
where
Jesus
saw
a scene
of
confusion –
people
weeping
and
wailing incessantly.
“Why
this
confusion
and
weeping?”
he
said
on
entering.
“The
little
child
is
not
dead;
she
is
asleep.”
They
began
to
laugh
at
him;
but
he
sent
them
all
out,
and
then,
with
the
child’s
father
and
mother
and
his
companions,
went
into
the
room
where
she
was
lying.
Taking
her
hand,
Jesus
said
to
her,
“Talitha,
koum!” –
which
means
‘little
girl,
I
am
speaking
to
you –
Rise!’
The
little
girl
stood
up
at
once,
and
began
to
walk
about;
for
she
was
twelve
years
old.
And,
as
soon
as
they
saw
it,
they
were
overwhelmed
with
amazement;
but
Jesus
repeatedly cautioned
them
not
to
let
anyone
know
of
it,
and
told
them
to
give
her
something
to
eat.
On
leaving
that
place,
Jesus,
followed
by
his
disciples,
went
to
his
own
part
of
the
country.
When
the
Sabbath
came,
he
began
to
teach
in
the
synagogue;
and
the
people,
as
they
listened,
were
deeply
impressed. “Where
did
he
get
this?”
they
said, “and
what
is
this
wisdom
that
has
been
given
him?
And
these
miracles
which
he
is
doing?
Isn’t
he
the
carpenter,
the
son
of
Mary,
and
the
brother
of
James,
and
Joses,
and
Judas,
and
Simon?
And
aren’t
his
sisters,
too,
living
here
among
us?”
This
proved
a hindrance
to
their believing
in
him;
at
which
Jesus
said,
“A
prophet
is
not
without
honor,
except
in
his
home
town,
and
among
his
own
relatives,
and
in
his
own
home.”
And
he
could
not
work
any
miracle
there,
beyond
placing
his
hands
on
a
few
infirm
persons,
and curing
them;
and
he
wondered
at
the
want
of
faith
shown
by
the
people.
Jesus
went
around
the
villages,
one
after
another,
teaching.
He
called
the
Twelve
to
him,
and
began
to
send
them
out
as
his
messengers,
two
and
two,
and
gave
them
authority
over
foul
spirits.
He
instructed
them
to
take
nothing
but
a
staff
for
the
journey –
not
even
bread,
or
a
bag,
or
coins
in
their
purse;
but
they
were
to
wear
sandals,
and
not
to
put
on
a
second
coat.
“Whenever
you
go
to
stay
at
a
house,”
he
said,
“remain
there
until
you
leave
that
place;
and
if
a
place
does
not
welcome
you,
or
listen
to
you,
as
you
go
out
of
it
shake
off
the
dust
that
is
on
the
soles
of
your
feet,
as
a
protest
against
them.”
So
they
set
out,
and
proclaimed
the
need
of
repentance.
They
drove
out
many
demons,
and
anointed
with
oil
many
who
were
infirm,
and
cured
them.
Now
King
Herod
heard
of
Jesus;
for
his
name
had
become
well
known.
People
were
saying – “John
the Baptizer
must
have
risen
from
the
dead,
and
that
is
why
these
miraculous
powers
are active
in
him.”
Others
again
said – “He
is
Elijah,”
and
others – “He
is
a
prophet,
like
one
of
the
great
prophets.”
But
when
Herod
heard
of
him,
he
said – “The
man
whom
I
beheaded –
John –
he
must
be
risen!”
For
Herod
himself
had
sent
and
arrested
John,
and
put
him
in
prison,
in
chains,
to
please
Herodias,
the
wife
of
his
brother
Philip,
because
Herod
had
married
her.
For
John
had
said
to
Herod – “You
have
no
right
to
be
living
with
your
brother’s
wife.”
So
Herodias
was
incensed
against
John,
and
wanted
to
put
him
to
death,
but
was
unable
to
do
so,
because
Herod
stood
in
fear
of
John,
knowing
him
to
be
an
upright
and
holy
man,
and
protected
him.
He
had
listened
to
John,
but
still
remained
much
perplexed,
and
yet
he
found
pleasure
in
listening
to
him.
A
suitable opportunity,
however,
occurred
when
Herod,
on
his
birthday,
gave
a
dinner
to
his
high
officials,
and
his
generals,
and
the
foremost
men
in
Galilee.
When
his
daughter –
that
is,
the
daughter
of
Herodias –
came
in
and
danced,
she
delighted
Herod
and
those
who
were
dining
with
him. “Ask
me
for
whatever
you
like,”
the
king
said
to
the
girl, “and
I
will
give
it
to
you”;
and
he
swore
to
her
that
he
would
give
her
whatever
she
asked
him –
up
to
half
his
kingdom.
The
girl
went
out,
and
said
to
her
mother “What
must
I
ask
for?”
“The
head
of
John
the Baptizer,”
answered
her
mother.
So
she
went
in
as
quickly
as possible
to
the
king,
and
made
her
request. “I
want
you,”
she
said, “to
give
me
at
once,
on
a
dish,
the
head
of
John
the Baptist.”
The
king
was
much
distressed;
yet,
because
of
his
oath
and
of
the
guests
at
his
table,
he
did
not
like
to
refuse
her.
He
immediately dispatched
one
of
his
bodyguard,
with
orders
to
bring John’s
head.
The
man
went
and
beheaded
John
in
the
prison,
and,
bringing
his
head
on
a
dish,
gave
it
to
the
girl,
and
the
girl
gave
it
to
her
mother.
When John’s
disciples
heard
of
it,
they
came
and
took
his
body
away,
and
laid
it
in
a
tomb.
When
the apostles
came
back
to
Jesus,
they
told
him
all
that
they
had
done
and
all
that
they
had
taught.
“Come
by
yourselves
privately
to
some
lonely
spot,”
he
said,
“and
rest
for
a
while” –
for
there
were
so
many
people
coming
and
going
that
they
had
not
time
even
to
eat.
So
they
set
off
privately
in
their
boat
for
a
lonely
spot.
Many
people
saw
them
going,
and
recognized
them,
and
from
all
the
towns
they flocked
together
to
the
place
on
foot,
and
got
there
before
them.
On
getting
out
of
the
boat,
Jesus
saw
a
great
crowd,
and
his
heart
was
moved
at
the
sight
of
them,
because
they
were
like
sheep
without
a
shepherd;
and
he
began
to
teach
them
many
things.
When
it
grew
late,
his
disciples
came
up
to
him,
and
said, “This
is
a
lonely
spot,
and
it
is
already
late.
Send
the
people
away,
so
that
they
may
go
to
the farms
and
villages
around
and
buy
themselves
something
to
eat.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“It
is
for
you
to
give
them
something
to
eat.” “Are
we
to
go
and
spend
almost
a
year’s
wages
on
bread,”
they
asked, “to
give
them
to
eat?”
“How
many
loaves
have
you?”
he
asked,
“Go,
and
see.”
When
they
had
found
out,
they
told
him, “Five,
and
two
fish.”
Jesus
directed
them
to
make
all
the
people
take
their seats
on
the
green
grass,
in
parties;
and
they
sat
down
in
groups –
in
hundreds,
and
in
fifties.
Taking
the
five
loaves
and
the
two
fish,
Jesus
looked
up
to
heaven,
and
said
the
blessing;
he
broke
the
loaves
into
pieces,
and
gave
them
to
his
disciples
for
them
to
serve
out
to
the
people,
and
he
divided
the
two
fish
also
among
them
all.
Everyone
had
sufficient
to
eat;
and
they
picked
up
enough
broken
pieces
to
fill
twelve
baskets,
as
well
as
some
of
the
fish.
The
people
who
ate
the
bread
were
five
thousand
in
number.
Immediately
afterward
Jesus
made
his
disciples
get
into
the
boat,
and
cross
over
in
advance,
in
the
direction
of Bethsaida,
while
he
himself
was dismissing
the
crowd.
After
he
had
taken
leave
of
the
people,
he
went
away
up
the
hill
to
pray.
When
evening
fell,
the
boat
was
out
in
the
middle
of
the
sea,
and
Jesus
on
the
shore
alone.
Seeing
them
laboring
at
the
oars –
for
the
wind
was
against
them –
about
three
hours
after
midnight
Jesus
came towards
them,
walking
on
the
water,
intending
to
join
them.
But,
when
they
saw
him
walking
on
the
water,
they
thought
it
was
a
ghost,
and
cried
out;
for
all
of
them
saw
him,
and
were
terrified.
But
Jesus
at
once
spoke
to
them.
“Courage!”
he
said,
“it
is
I;
do
not
be
afraid!”
Then
he
got
into
the
boat
with
them,
and
the
wind
dropped.
The
disciples
were
utterly
amazed,
for
they
had
not
understood
about
the
loaves,
their
minds
being
slow
to
learn.
When
they
had
crossed
over,
they
landed
at
Gennesaret,
and
moored
the
boat.
But
they
had
no sooner
left
her
than
the
people,
recognizing
Jesus,
hurried
over
the
whole
countryside,
and
began
to
carry
about
on
mats
those
who
were
ill,
wherever
they
heard
he
was.
So
wherever
he
went –
to
villages,
or
towns,
or farms –
they
would
lay
their
sick
in
the market-places,
begging
him
to
let
them
touch
only
the
tassel
of
his
cloak;
and
all
who
touched
were
made
well.
One
day
the
Pharisees
and
some
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law
who
had
come
from
Jerusalem
gathered
around
Jesus.
They
had
noticed
that
some
of
his
disciples
ate
their
food
with
their
hands ‘defiled,’
by
which
they
meant unwashed.
(For
the
Pharisees,
and
indeed
all strict
Jews,
will
not
eat
without
first scrupulously
washing
their
hands,
holding
in
this
to
the
traditions
of
their
ancestors.
When
they
come
from
market,
they
will
not
eat
without
first sprinkling
themselves;
and
there
are
many
other
customs
which
they
have
inherited
and
hold
to,
such
as
the
ceremonial
washing
of
cups,
and
jugs,
and
copper
pans).
So
the
Pharisees
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
asked
Jesus
this
question – “How
is
it
that
your
disciples
do
not
follow
the
traditions
of
our
ancestors,
but
eat
their
food
with
defiled
hands?”
His
answer
was,
“It
was
well
said
by
Isaiah
when
he
prophesied
about
you
hypocrites
in
the
words – ‘This
is
a
people
who
honor
me
with
their
lips,
while
their
hearts
are
far
removed
from
me;
but
vainly
do
they
worship
me,
For
they
teach
but
human
precepts.’
You
neglect
God’s
commandments
and
hold
to
human
traditions.
Wisely
do
you
set
aside
God’s
commandments,”
he
exclaimed,
“to
keep
your
own
traditions!
For
while
Moses
said ‘Honor
your
father
and
your
mother,’
and ‘Let
anyone
who
abuses
their
father
or
mother
suffer
death,’
you
say ‘If
a
person
says
to
their
father
or
mother “Whatever
of
mine
might
have
been
of
service
to
you
is
Corban”’ (which
means ‘Set
apart
for God’) –
why,
then
you
do
not
allow
them
to
do
anything
further
for
their
father
or
mother!
In
this
way
you nullify
the
words
of
God
by
your
traditions,
which
you
hand
down;
and
you
do
many
similar
things.”
Then
Jesus
called
the
people
to
him
again,
and
said,
“Listen
to
me,
all
of
you,
and
mark
my
words.
There
is
nothing
external
to
a
person,
which
by
going
into
them
can
defile
them;
but
the
things
that
come
out
of
a
person
are
the
things
that
defile
them.”
7.16
Some later manuscripts add: Let anyone with ears to hear, listen.
When
Jesus
went indoors,
away
from
the
crowd,
his
disciples
began
questioning
him
about
this
saying.
“What,
do
even
you
understand
so
little?”
exclaimed
Jesus.
“Don’t
you
see
that
there
is
nothing
external
to
a
person,
which
by
going
into
a
person,
can
defile
them,
because
it
does
not
pass
into
his
heart,
but
into
his
stomach,
and
is
afterward
got
rid
of?” –
in
saying
this
Jesus
pronounced
all
food
clean.
“It
is
what
comes
out
from
a
person,”
he
added,
“that
defiles
them,
for
it
is
from
within,
out
of
the
hearts
of
people,
that
there
come
evil
thoughts –
sexual
immorality,
theft,
murder,
adultery,
greed,
wickedness,
deceit,
indecency,
envy,
slander,
haughtiness,
folly;
all
these
wicked
things
come
from
within,
and
do
defile
a
person.”
On
leaving
that
place,
Jesus
went
to
the
district
of
Tyre
and
Sidon.
He
went
into
a
house,
and
did
not
wish
anyone
to
know
it,
but
could
not
escape
notice.
For
a
woman,
whose
little
daughter
had
a
foul
spirit
in
her,
heard
of
him
immediately,
and
came
and
threw
herself
at
his
feet –
the
woman
was
a
foreigner,
from
Syrian Phoenicia –
and
she
begged
him
to
drive
the
demon
out
of
her
daughter.
“Let
the
children
be
satisfied
first,”
answered
Jesus.
“For
it
is
not
fair
to
take
the
children’s
food,
and
throw
it
to
dogs.”
“Yes,
Master,”
she
replied. “Even
the
dogs
under
the
table
do
feed
on
the
children’s
crumbs.”
“For
saying
that,”
he
answered,
“you
may
go.
The
demon
has
gone
out
of
your
daughter.”
The
woman
went
home,
and
found
the
child
lying
on
her
bed,
and
the
demon
gone.
On
returning
from
the
district
of
Tyre,
Jesus
went,
by
way
of
Sidon,
to
the
Sea
of
Galilee,
across
the
district
of
the
Ten
Towns.
Some
people
brought
to
him
a
man
who
was
deaf
and
almost
dumb,
and
they
begged
Jesus
to
place
his
hand
on
him.
Jesus
took
him
aside
from
the
crowd
quietly,
put
his
fingers
into
the
man’s
ears,
and
touched
his
tongue
with
saliva.
Then,
looking
up
to
heaven,
he
sighed,
and
said
to
the
man,
“Ephphatha!”
which
means
‘Be
opened.’
The
man’s
ears
were
opened,
the
string
of
his
tongue
was
freed,
and
he
began
to
talk
plainly.
Jesus
insisted
on
their
not
telling
anyone;
but
the
more
he
insisted,
the
more perseveringly
they
made
it
known,
and
a
profound impression
was
made
on
the
people. “He
has
done
everything
well!”
they
exclaimed. “He
makes
even
the
deaf
hear
and
the
dumb
speak!”
About
that
time,
when
there
was
again
a
great
crowd
of
people
who
had
nothing
to
eat,
Jesus
called
his
disciples
to
him,
and
said,
“My
heart
is
moved
at
the
sight
of
all
these
people,
for
they
have
already
been
with
me
three
days
and
they
have
nothing
to
eat;
and
if
I
send
them
away
to
their
homes
hungry,
they
will
break
down
on
the
way;
and
some
of
them
have
come
a
long
distance.”
“Where
will
it
be
possible,”
his
disciples
answered, “to
get
sufficient
bread
for
these
people
in
this
lonely
place?”
“How
many
loaves
have
you?”
he
asked. “Seven,”
they
answered.
Jesus
told
the
crowd
to
sit
down
on
the
ground.
Then
he
took
the
seven
loaves,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
broke
them,
and
gave
them
to
his
disciples
to
serve
out;
and
they
served
them
out
to
the
crowd.
They
had
also
a
few
small
fish;
and,
after
he
had
said
the
blessing,
he
told
the
disciples
to
serve
out
these
as
well.
The
people
had
sufficient
to
eat,
and
they
picked
up
seven
baskets
full
of
the
broken
pieces
that
were
left.
There
were
about
four
thousand
people.
Then
Jesus
dismissed
them.
Immediately
afterward,
getting
into
the
boat
with
his
disciples,
Jesus
went
to
the
district
of
Dalmanutha.
Here
the
Pharisees
came
out,
and
began
to
argue
with
Jesus,
asking
him
for
some
sign
from
the
heavens,
to
test
him.
Sighing
deeply,
Jesus
said,
“Why
does
this
generation
ask
for
a
sign?
I
tell
you,
no
sign
will
be
given
it.”
So
he
left
them
to
themselves,
and,
getting
into
the
boat
again,
went
away
to
the
opposite
shore.
Now
the
disciples
had
forgotten
to
take
any
bread
with
them,
one
loaf
being
all
that
they
had
in
the
boat.
So
Jesus
gave
them
this
warning.
“Take
care,”
he
said,
“beware
of
the
leaven
of
the
Pharisees
and
the
leaven
of
Herod.”
They
began
talking
to
one
another
about
their
being
short
of
bread;
and, noticing
this,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Why
are
you
talking
about
your
being
short
of
bread?
Don’t
you
yet
see
or
understand?
Are
your
minds
still
so
slow
or
comprehension?
Though
you
have
eyes,
do
you
not
see?
And
though
you
have
ears,
do
you
not
hear?
Don’t
you
remember,
when
I
broke
up
the
five
loaves
for
the
five
thousand,
how
many
baskets
of
broken
pieces
you
picked
up?”
“Twelve,”
they
said.
“And
when
the
seven
for
the
four
thousand,
how
many basketfuls
of
broken
pieces
did
you
pick
up?”
“Seven,”
they
said.
“Don’t
you
understand
now?”
he
repeated.
They
came
to Bethsaida.
There
some
people
brought
a
blind
man
to
Jesus,
and
begged
him
to
touch
him.
Taking
the
blind
man’s
hand,
Jesus
led
him
to
the
outskirts
of
the
village,
and,
when
he
had
put
saliva
on
the
man’s
eyes,
he
placed
his
hands
on
him,
and
asked
him,
“Do
you
see
anything?”
The
man
looked
up,
and
said, “I
see
the
people,
for,
as
they
walk
about,
they
look
to
me
like
trees.”
Then
Jesus
again
placed
his
hands
on
the
man’s
eyes;
and
the
man
saw
clearly,
his
sight
was
restored,
and
he
saw
everything
with
perfect distinctness.
Jesus
sent
him
to
his
home,
and
said,
“Do
not
go
even
into
the
village.”
Afterward
Jesus
and
his
disciples
went
into
the
villages
around
Caesarea
Philippi;
and
on
the
way
he
asked
his
disciples
this
question –
“Who
do
people
say
that
I
am?”
“John
the Baptist,”
they
answered, “but
others
say
Elijah,
while
others
say
one
of
the
prophets.”
“But
you,”
he
asked,
“who
do
you
say
that
I
am?”
To
this
Peter
replied, “You
are
the
Christ.”
At
which
Jesus
charged
them
not
to
say
this
about
him
to
anyone.
Then
he
began
to
teach
them
that
the
Son
of
Man
must
undergo
much
suffering,
and
that
he
must
be
rejected
by
the
elders,
and
the
chief
priests,
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
be
put
to
death,
and
rise
again
after
three
days.
He
said
all
this
quite
openly.
But
Peter
took
Jesus
aside,
and
began
to
rebuke
him.
Jesus,
however,
turning
around
and
seeing
his
disciples,
rebuked
Peter.
“Out
of
my
sight,
Satan!”
he
exclaimed.
“For
you
look
at
things,
not
as
God
does,
but
as
people
do.”
Calling
the
people
and
his
disciples
to
him,
Jesus
said,
“If
anyone
wishes
to
walk
in
my
steps,
they
must renounce self,
take
up
their
cross,
and
follow
me.
For
whoever
wishes
to
save
their
life
will
lose
it,
and
whoever,
for
my
sake
and
for
the
sake
of
the
good
news,
will
lose
their
life
will
save
it.
What
good
is
it
to
a
person
to
gain
the
whole
world
and
forfeit
their
life?
For
what
could
a
person
give
that
is
of
equal
value
with
their
life?
Whoever
is
ashamed
of
me
and
of
my
teaching,
in
this
unfaithful
and
wicked
generation,
of
them
will
the
Son
of
Man
be
ashamed,
when
he
comes
in
his
Father’s
glory
with
the
holy
angels.”
“I
tell
you,”
he
added,
“that
some
of
those
who
are
standing
here
will
not
know
death
until
they
have
seen
the
kingdom
of
God
come
in
power.”
Six
days
later,
Jesus
took
with
him
Peter,
James,
and
John,
and
led
them
up
a
high
mountain
alone
by
themselves.
There
his
appearance
was
transformed
before
their
eyes,
and
his
clothes
became
whiter
than
any
launderer
in
the
whole
world
could
bleach
them.
And
Elijah
appeared
to
them,
in
company
with
Moses;
and
they
were
talking
with
Jesus.
“Rabbi,”
said
Peter, interposing, “it
is
good
to
be
here;
let
us
make
three
tents,
one
for
you,
one
for
Moses,
and
one
for
Elijah.”
For
he
did
not
know
what
to
say,
because
they
were
much
afraid.
Then
a
cloud
came
down
and enveloped
them;
and
from
the
cloud
there
came
a
voice – “This
is
my
dearly
loved
son;
listen
to
him.”
And
suddenly,
on
looking
around,
they
saw
that
there
was
now
no
one
with
them
but
Jesus
alone.
As
they
were
going
down
the mountainside,
Jesus cautioned
them
not
to
relate
what
they
had
seen
to
anyone,
until
after
the
Son
of
Man
had
risen
from
the
dead.
They
seized
on
these
words
and discussed
with
one
another
what
this ‘rising
from
the dead’
meant.
“How
is
it,”
they
asked
Jesus, “that
our
teachers
of
the
Law
say
that
Elijah
has
to
come
first?”
“Elijah
does
indeed
come
first,”
answered
Jesus,
“and re-establish
everything;
and
does
not
scripture
speak,
with
regard
to
the
Son
of
Man,
of
his undergoing
much
suffering
and
being
utterly
despised?
But
I
tell
you
that
Elijah
has
come,
and
people
have
treated
him
just
as
they
pleased,
as
scripture
says
of
him.”
When
they
came
to
the
other
disciples,
they
saw
a
great
crowd
around
them,
and
some
teachers
of
the
Law
arguing
with
them.
But,
as
soon
as
they
saw
Jesus,
all
the
people,
in
great
astonishment,
ran
up
and
greeted
him.
“What
are
you
arguing
about
with
them?”
Jesus
asked.
“Teacher,”
answered
a
man
in
the
crowd, “I
brought
my
son
to
see
you,
as
he
has
a
spirit
in
him
that
makes
him
mute;
and,
wherever
it
seizes
him,
it
dashes
him
down;
he
foams
at
the
mouth
and
grinds
his
teeth,
and
he
is
pining
away.
I
asked
your
disciples
to
drive
the
spirit
out,
but
they
failed.”
“Faithless
generation!”
exclaimed
Jesus.
“How
long
must
I
be
with
you?
How
long
must
I
have
patience
with
you?
Bring
the
boy
to
me.”
They
brought
him
to
Jesus;
but
no sooner
did
the
boy
see
him
than
the
spirit
threw
him
into convulsions;
and
he
fell
on
the
ground,
and
rolled
about, foaming
at
the
mouth.
“How
long
has
he
been
like
this?”
Jesus
asked
the
boy’s
father.
“From
his
childhood,”
he
answered. “It
has
often
thrown
him
into
fire
and
into
water
to
put
an
end
to
his
life;
but,
if
you
can
possibly
do
anything,
take
pity
on
us,
and
help
us!”
“Why
say ‘possibly’?”
Jesus
replied.
“Everything
is
possible
for
one
who
has
faith.”
The
boy’s
father
immediately
cried
out, “I
have
faith;
help
my
want
of
faith!”
But,
when
Jesus
saw
that
a
crowd
was
quickly
collecting,
he
rebuked
the
foul
spirit,
“Deaf
and
dumb
spirit,
it
is
I
who
command
you.
Come
out
from
him
and
never
enter
him
again.”
With
a
loud
cry
the
spirit
threw
the
boy
into
repeated
convulsions,
and
then
came
out
from
him.
The
boy
looked
like
a
corpse,
so
that
most
of
them
said
that
he
was
dead.
But
Jesus
took
his
hand,
and
lifted
him;
and
he
stood
up.
When
Jesus
had
gone indoors,
his
disciples
asked
him
privately, “Why
couldn’t
we
drive
it
out?”
“A
spirit
of
this
kind,”
he
said,
“can
be
driven
out
only
by
prayer.”
Leaving
that
place,
Jesus
and
his
disciples
went
on
their
way
through
Galilee;
but
he
did
not
wish
anyone
to
know
it,
for
he
was instructing
his
disciples,
and
telling
them –
“The
Son
of
Man
is
being
betrayed
into
the
hands
of
his
fellow
men,
and
they
will
put
him
to
death,
but,
when
he
has
been
put
to
death,
he
will
rise
again
after
three
days.”
But
the
disciples
did
not
understand
his
meaning
and
were
afraid
to
question
him.
They
came
to
Capernaum.
When
Jesus
had
gone
into
the
house,
he
asked
them,
“What
were
you
discussing
on
the
way?”
But
they
were
silent;
for
on
the
way
they
had
been
arguing
with
one
another
which
was
the
greatest.
Sitting
down,
Jesus
called
the
Twelve
and
said,
“If
anyone
wishes
to
be
first,
he
must
be
last
of
all,
and
servant
of
all.”
Then
Jesus
took
a
little
child,
and
placed
it
in
the
middle
of
them.
Taking
it
in
his
arms,
he
said
to
them,
“Anyone
who,
for
the
sake
of
my
name,
welcomes
even
a
little
child
like
this
is welcoming
me,
and
anyone
who
welcomes
me
is welcoming
not
me,
but
him
who
sent
me
as
his
messenger.”
“Teacher,”
said
John, “we
saw
a
man
driving
out
demons
by
using
your
name,
and
we
tried
to
prevent
him,
because
he
did
not
follow
us.”
“None
of
you
must
prevent
the
man,”
answered
Jesus,
“for
no
one
will
use
my
name
in
working
a
miracle,
and
yet
find
it
easy
to
speak
evil
of
me.
He
who
is
not
against
us
is
for
us.
If
anyone
gives
you
a
cup
of
water
because
you
belong
to
Christ,
I
tell
you,
he
will
assuredly
not
lose
his
reward.
“And,
if
anyone
puts
temptation
in
the
way
of
one
of
these
little
ones
who
believe
in
me,
it
would
be
far
better
for
him
if
he
had
been
thrown
into
the
sea
with
a
great
millstone
around
his
neck.
If
your
hand
causes
you
to
sin,
cut
it
off.
It
would
be
better
for
you
to
enter
the
life
maimed,
than
to
have
both
your
hands
and
go
into Gehenna,
into
the
fire
that
cannot
be
put
out.
9.44
Some later manuscripts add here or at verse 46: where their worm never dies and the fire is never quenched.
If
your
foot
causes
you
to
sin,
cut
it
off.
It
would
be
better
for
you
to
enter
the
life
lame,
than
to
have
both
your
feet
and
be
thrown
into Gehenna.
9.46
See the note on verse 44.
If
your
eye
causes
you
to
sin,
tear
it
out.
It
would
be
better
for
you
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God
with
only
one
eye,
than
to
have
both
eyes
and
be
thrown
into Gehenna,
where
their
worm
does
not
die,
and
the
fire
is
not
put
out.
For
it
is
by
fire
that
everyone
will
be
salted.
Salt
is
good,
but,
if
the
salt
should
lose
its saltiness,
what
will
you
use
to
season
it?
You
must
have
salt
in
yourselves,
and
live
at
peace
with
one
another.”
The Journey to Jerusalem
On
leaving
that
place,
Jesus
went
into
the
district
of
Judea
on
the
other
side
of
the
Jordan.
Crowds
gathered
about
him
again;
and
again,
as
usual,
he
began
teaching
them.
Presently
some
Pharisees
came
up
and,
to
test
him,
asked, “Has
a
husband
the
right
to
divorce
his
wife?”
“What
direction
did
Moses
give
you?”
replied
Jesus.
“Moses,”
they
said, “permitted
a
man
to
draw
up
in
writing
a
notice
of
separation
and
divorce
his
wife.”
“It
was owing
to
the
hardness
of
your
hearts,”
said
Jesus,
“that
Moses
gave
you
this
direction;
but,
at
the
beginning
of
the
Creation, ‘God
made
them
male
and
female.’
‘For
this
reason
a
man
will
leave
his
father
and
mother,
and
the
man
and
his
wife
will
become
one;’
so
that
they
are
no
longer
two,
but
one.
What
God
himself,
then,
has yoked
together
no
one
must
separate.”
When
they
were indoors,
the
disciples
asked
him
again
about
this,
and
he
said,
“Anyone
who
divorces
his
wife
and
marries
another
woman
is
guilty
of
adultery
against
his
wife;
and,
if
the
woman
divorces
her
husband
and
marries
another
man,
she
is
guilty
of
adultery.”
Some
of
the
people
were
bringing
little
children
to
Jesus,
for
him
to
touch
them;
but
the
disciples
rebuked
those
who
had
brought
them.
When,
however,
Jesus
saw
this,
he
was
indignant.
“Let
the
little
children
come
to
me,”
he
said,
“do
not
hinder
them;
for
it
is
to
the childlike
that
the
kingdom
of
God
belongs.
I
tell
you,
unless
a
person
receives
the
kingdom
of
God
like
a
child,
they
will
not
enter
it
at
all.”
Then
he
embraced
the
children,
and,
placing
his
hands
on
them,
gave
them
his
blessing.
As
Jesus
was resuming
his
journey,
a
man
came
running
up
to
him,
and
threw
himself
on
his
knees
before
him. “Good
teacher,”
he
asked, “what
must
I
do
to
gain
eternal
life?”
“Why
do
you
call
me
good?”
answered
Jesus.
“No
one
is
good
but
God.
You
know
the
commandments – ‘Do
not
kill.
Do
not
commit
adultery.
Do
not
steal.
Do
not
say
what
is
false
about
others.
Do
not
cheat.
Honor
your
father
and
your
mother.’”
“Teacher,”
he
replied, “I
have
observed
all
these
from
my
childhood.”
Jesus
looked
at
the
man,
and
his
heart
went
out
to
him,
and
he
said,
“There
is
still
one
thing
wanting
in
you;
go
and
sell
all
that
you
have,
and
give
to
the
poor,
and
you
will
have
wealth
in
heaven;
then
come
and
follow
me.”
But
the
man’s
face clouded
at
these
words,
and
he
went
away
distressed,
for
he
had
great
possessions.
Then
Jesus
looked
around,
and
said
to
his
disciples,
“How
hard
it
will
be
for
people
of
wealth
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God!”
The
disciples
were
amazed
at
his
words.
But
Jesus
said
again,
“My
children,
how
hard
a
thing
it
is
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God!
It
is
easier
for
a
camel
to
get
through
a needle’s
eye,
than
for
a
rich
person
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God.”
“Then
who
can
be
saved?”
they
exclaimed
in
the
greatest
astonishment.
Jesus
looked
at
them,
and
answered,
“With
people
it
is
impossible,
but
not
with
God;
for
everything
is
possible
with
God.”
“But
we,”
began
Peter, “we
left
everything
and
have
followed
you.”
“I
tell
you,”
said
Jesus,
“there
is
no
one
who
has
left
house,
or
brothers,
or
sisters,
or
mother,
or
father,
or
children,
or
land,
for
my
sake
and
for
the
good
news,
who
will
not
receive
a
hundred
times
as
much,
even
now
in
the
present –
houses,
and
brothers,
and
sisters,
and
mothers,
and
children,
and
land,
though
not
without
persecutions –
and
in
the
age
that
is
coming,
eternal
life.
But
many
who
are
first
now
will
then
be
last,
and
the
last
will
be
first.”
They
were
on
the
road
going
up
to
Jerusalem,
with
Jesus
walking
in
front
of
them.
The
disciples
were
filled
with
awe,
while
those
who
were
following
behind
were
overwhelmed
with
fear.
Gathering
the
Twelve
around
him
once
more,
Jesus
began
to
tell
them
what
was
about
to
happen
to
him.
“Listen!”
he
said.
“We
are
going
up
to
Jerusalem;
and
there
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
betrayed
to
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
they
will
condemn
him
to
death,
and
they
will
give
him
up
to
the
Gentiles,
who
will
mock
him,
spit
on
him,
and
scourge
him,
and
put
him
to
death;
and
after
three
days
he
will
rise
again.”
James
and
John,
the
two
sons
of
Zebedee,
went
to
Jesus,
and
said, “Teacher,
we
want
you
to
do
for
us
whatever
we
ask.”
“What
do
you
want
me
to
do
for
you?”
he
asked.
“Grant
us
this,”
they
answered, “to
sit,
one
on
your
right,
and
the
other
on
your
left,
when
you
come
in
glory.”
“You
do
not
know
what
you
are
asking,”
Jesus
said
to
them.
“Can
you
drink
the
cup
that
I
am
to
drink?
Or
receive
the baptism
that
I
am
to
receive?”
“Yes,”
they
answered, “we
can.”
“You
will
indeed
drink
the
cup
that
I
am
to
drink,”
Jesus
said,
“and
receive
the baptism
that
I
am
to
receive,
but
as
to
a
seat
at
my
right
or
at
my
left –
that
is
not
mine
to
give,
but
it
is
for
those
for
whom
it
has
been
prepared.”
On
hearing
of
this,
the
ten
others
were
at
first
very
indignant
about
James
and
John.
But
Jesus
called
the
ten
to
him,
and
said,
“Those
who
are
regarded
as
ruling
among
the
Gentiles
lord
it
over
them,
as
you
know,
and
their
great
men
oppress
them.
But
among
you
it
is
not
so.
No,
whoever
wants
to
become
great
among
you
must
be
your
servant,
and
whoever
wants
to
take
the
first
place
among
you
must
be
the
servant
of
all;
for
even
the
Son
of
Man
came,
not
be
served,
but
to
serve,
and
to
give
his
life
as
a
ransom
for
many.”
They
came
to
Jericho.
When
Jesus
was
going
out
of
the
town
with
his
disciples
and
a
large
crowd, Bartimaeus,
the
son
of
Timaeus,
a
blind
beggar,
was
sitting
by
the roadside.
Hearing
that
it
was
Jesus
the
Nazarene,
he
began
to
call
out, “Jesus,
Son
of
David,
take
pity
on
me.”
Many
of
the
people
kept
telling
him
to
be
quiet;
but
the
man
continued
to
call
out
all
the
louder, “Son
of
David,
take
pity
on
me.”
Then
Jesus
stopped.
“Call
him,”
he
said.
So
they
called
the
blind
man. “Have
courage!”
they
exclaimed. “Get
up;
he
is
calling
you.”
The
man
threw
off
his
cloak,
sprang
up,
and
came
to
Jesus.
“What
do
you
want
me
to
do
for
you?”
said
Jesus,
addressing
him. “Rabboni,”
the
blind
man
answered, “I
want
to
recover
my
sight.”
“You
may
go,”
Jesus
said,
“Your
faith
has
delivered
you.”
Immediately
he
recovered
his
sight,
and
began
to
follow
Jesus
along
the
road.
The Last Days
When
they
had
almost
reached
Jerusalem,
as
far
as Bethphage
and Bethany,
near
the
Mount
of
Olives,
Jesus
sent
on
two
of
his
disciples.
“Go
to
the
village
facing
you,”
he
said,
“and,
as
soon
as
you
get
there,
you
will
find
a
foal tethered,
which
no
one
has
ever
ridden;
untie
it,
and
bring
it.
And,
if
anyone
says
to
you ‘Why
are
you
doing
that?’,
say ‘The
Master
wants
it,
and
will
be
sure
to
send
it
back
here
at
once.’”
The
two
disciples
went,
and,
finding
a
foal tethered
outside
a
door
in
the
street,
they
untied
it.
Some
of
the
bystanders
said
to
them, “What
are
you
doing,
untying
the
foal?”
And
the
two
disciples
answered
as
Jesus
had
told
them;
and
they
allowed
them
to
go.
Then
they
brought
the
foal
to
Jesus,
and,
when
they
had
laid
their
cloaks
on
it,
he
seated
himself
on
it.
Many
of
the
people
spread
their
cloaks
on
the
road,
while
some strewed
boughs
which
they
had
cut
from
the
fields;
and
those
who
led
the
way,
as
well
as
those
who
followed,
kept
shouting, “God
save
him!
Blessed
is
He
who
comes
in
the
name
of
the
Lord!
Blessed
is
the
coming
kingdom
of
our
father
David!
God
save
him
from
on
high!”
Jesus
entered
Jerusalem,
and
went
into
the
Temple
Courts;
and,
after
looking
around
at
everything,
as
it
was
already
late,
he
went
out
to Bethany
with
the
Twelve.
The
next
day,
after
they
had
left Bethany,
Jesus
became
hungry;
and, noticing
a
fig
tree
at
a
distance
in
leaf,
he
went
to
it
to
see
if
by
any
chance
he
could
find
something
on
it;
but,
on
coming
up
to
it,
he
found
nothing
but
leaves,
for
it
was
not
the
season
for
figs.
So,
addressing
the
tree,
he
exclaimed,
“May
no
one
ever
again
eat
of
your
fruit!”
And
his
disciples
heard
what
he
said.
They
came
to
Jerusalem.
Jesus
went
into
the
Temple
Courts,
and
began
to
drive
out
those
who
were
buying
and
selling
there.
He
overturned
the
tables
of
the
money
changers,
and
the
seats
of
the pigeon-dealers,
and
would
not
allow
anyone
to
carry
anything
across
the
Temple
Courts.
Then
he
began
to
teach.
“Does
not
scripture
say,”
he
asked,
“‘My
house
will
be
called
a
house
of
prayer
for
all
the nations’?
But
you
have
made
it
a
den
of
robbers.”
Now
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
heard
this
and
began
to
look
for
some
way
of
putting
Jesus
to
death;
for
they
were
afraid
of
him,
since
all
the
people
were
greatly
impressed
by
his
teaching.
As
soon
as
evening
fell,
Jesus
and
his
disciples
went
out
of
the
city.
As
they
passed
by
early
in
the
morning,
they
noticed
that
the
fig
tree
was
withered
up
from
the
roots.
Then
Peter recalled
what
had
occurred. “Look,
Rabbi,”
he
exclaimed, “the
fig
tree
which
you
doomed
is
withered
up!”
“Have
faith
in
God!”
replied
Jesus.
“I
tell
you
that
if
anyone
should
say
to
this
hill ‘Be
lifted
up
and
hurled
into
the
sea!’,
without
ever
a
doubt
in
his
mind,
but
in
the
faith
that
what
he
says
will
be
done,
he
would
find
that
it
would
be.
And
therefore
I
say
to
you ‘Have
faith
that
whatever
you
ask
for
in
prayer
is
already
granted
you,
and
you
will
find
that
it
will
be.’
“And,
whenever
you
stand
up
to
pray,
forgive
any
grievance
that
you
have
against
anyone,
so
that
your
Father
who
is
in
heaven
also
may
forgive
you
your
offenses.”
11.26
Some later manuscripts add: But if you do not forgive, neither will your Father in heaven forgive your offenses.
They
came
to
Jerusalem
again.
While
Jesus
was
walking
about
in
the
Temple
Courts,
the
chief
priests,
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
the
elders
came
up
to
him.
“What
authority
have
you
to
do
these
things?”
they
said. “Who
gave
you
the
authority
to
do
them?”
“I
will
put
one
question
to
you,”
said
Jesus.
“Answer
me
that,
and
then
I
will
tell
you
what
authority
I
have
to
act
as
I
do.
It
is
about
John’s baptism.
Was
it
of
divine
or
human
origin?
Answer
me
that.”
They
began
arguing
together. “If
we
say ‘divine,’
he
will
say ‘Why
then
didn’t
you
believe
him?’
Yet
can
we
say ‘human’?”
They
were
afraid
of
the
people,
for
everyone
regarded
John
as undoubtedly
a
prophet.
So
their
answer
to
Jesus
was – “We
do
not
know.”
“Then
I,”
replied
Jesus,
“refuse
to
tell
you
what
authority
I
have
to
do
these
things.”
Jesus
began
to
speak
to
them
in
parables,
“A
man
once
planted
a
vineyard,
put
a
fence
around
it,
dug
a wine-press,
built
a
tower,
and
then
let
it
out
to
tenants
and
went
abroad.
At
the
proper
time
he
sent
a
servant
to
the
tenants,
to
receive
from
them
a
share
of
the
produce
of
the
grape
harvest;
but
they
seized
him,
and
beat
him,
and
sent
him
away
empty-handed.
A
second
time
the
owner
sent
a
servant
to
them;
this
man,
too,
the
tenants
struck
on
the
head,
and
insulted.
He
sent
another,
but
him
they
killed;
and
so
with
many
others –
some
they
beat
and
some
they
killed.
He
had
still
one
son,
who
was
very
dear
to
him;
and
him
he
sent
to
them
last
of
all. ‘They
will
respect
my
son,’
he
said.
But
those
tenants
said
to
one
another ‘Here
is
the
heir!
Come,
let
us
kill
him,
and
his
inheritance
will
be
ours.’
So
they
seized
him,
and
killed
him,
and
threw
his
body
outside
the
vineyard.
What
will
the
owner
of
the
vineyard
do?
He
will
come
and
put
the
tenants
to
death,
and
he
will
let
the
vineyard
to
others.
“Have
you
never
read
this
passage
of
scripture? – ‘The
stone
which
the
builders
despised
has
now
itself
become
the
cornerstone;
this
cornerstone
has
come
from
the
Lord,
and
is
marvelous
in
our
eyes.’”
After
this
his
enemies
were
eager
to
arrest
him,
but
they
were
afraid
of
the
crowd;
for
they
saw
that
it
was
at
them
that
he
had
aimed
the
parable.
So
they
left
him
alone,
and
went
away.
Afterward
they
sent
to
Jesus
some
of
the
Pharisees
and
Herodians,
to
set
a
trap
for
him
in
the
course
of
conversation.
These
men
came
to
him
and
said, “Teacher,
we
know
that
you
are
an
honest
man,
and
are
not
afraid
of
anyone,
for
you
pay
no
regard
to
a
person’s
position,
but
teach
the
way
of
God
honestly;
are
we
right
in
paying
taxes
to
the Emperor,
or
not?
Should
we
pay,
or
should
we
not
pay?”
Knowing
their
hypocrisy,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Why
are
you
testing
me?
Bring
me
a coin
to
look
at.”
And,
when
they
had
brought
it,
he
asked,
“Whose
head
and
title
are
these?”
“The Emperor’s,”
they
said;
and
Jesus
replied,
“Pay
to
the Emperor
what
belongs
to
the Emperor,
and
to
God
what
belongs
to
God.”
And
they
were
amazed
at
him.
Next
came
some
Sadducees –
the
men
who
maintain
that
there
is
no resurrection.
Their
question
was
this –
“Teacher,
in
our scriptures
Moses
decreed
that,
should
a
man’s
brother
die,
leaving
a
widow
but
no
child,
the
man
should
take
the
widow
as
his
wife,
and
raise
up
a
family
for
his
brother.
There
were
once
seven
brothers.
The
eldest
married,
but
died
and
left
no
family;
and
the
second
married
his
widow,
and
died
without
family;
and
so
did
the
third.
All
the
seven
died
and
left
no
family.
The
woman
herself
died
last
of
all.
At
the resurrection
whose
wife
will
she
be,
all
seven
brothers
having
had
her
as
their
wife?”
“Is
not
the
reason
of
your
mistake,”
answered
Jesus,
“your
ignorance
of
the
scriptures
and
of
the
power
of
God?
When
people
rise
from
the
dead,
there
is
no
marrying
or
being
married;
but
they
are
as
angels
in
heaven.
“As
to
the
dead,
and
the
fact
that
they
rise,
have
you
never
read
in
the
book
of
Moses,
in
the
passage
about
the
Bush,
how
God
spoke
to
him
saying – ‘I
am
the
God
of
Abraham,
and
the
God
of
Isaac,
and
the
God
of Jacob’?
He
is
not
God
of
dead
people,
but
of
living.
You
are
greatly
mistaken.”
Then
came
up
one
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law
who
had
heard
their discussions.
Knowing
that
Jesus
had
answered
them
wisely,
he
asked
him
this
question, “Which
commandment
is
the
most
important
of
all?”
“The
most
important,”
answered
Jesus,
“is – ‘Hear,
Israel;
the
Lord
our
God
is
the
one
Lord;
and
you
must
love
the
Lord
your
God
with
all
your
heart,
and
with
all
your
soul,
and
with
all
your
mind,
and
with
all
your
strength.’
The
second
is
this – ‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.’
There
is
no
commandment
greater
than
these.”
“Wisely
answered,
teacher!”
exclaimed
the
teacher
of
the
Law. “It
is
true,
as
you
say,
that
there
is
one
God,
and
that
there
is
no
other
besides
him;
and
to
love
him
with
all
one’s
heart,
and
with
all
one’s
understanding,
and
with
all
one’s
strength,
and
to
love
one’s
neighbor
as
one
loves
oneself
is
far
beyond
all
burnt
offerings
and
sacrifices.”
Seeing
that
he
had
answered
with
discernment,
Jesus
said
to
him,
“You
are
not
far
from
the
kingdom
of
God.”
After
that
no
one
ventured
to
question
him
further.
While
Jesus
was
teaching
in
the
Temple
Courts,
he
asked,
“How
is
it
that
the
teachers
of
the
Law
say
that
the
Christ
is
to
be
David’s
son?
David
said
himself,
speaking
under
the
inspiration
of
the
Holy
Spirit – ‘The
Lord
said
to
my
lord:
Sit
at
my
right
hand,
until
I
put
your
enemies
beneath
your
feet.’
David
himself
calls
him ‘lord,’
how
comes
it,
then,
that
he
is
to
be
his
son?”
The
mass
of
the
people
listened
to
Jesus
with
delight.
In
the
course
of
his
teaching,
Jesus
said,
“See
that
you
are
on
your
guard
against
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
who
delight
to
walk
about
in
long
robes,
and
to
be
greeted
in
the
streets
with
respect,
and
to
have
the
best
seats
in
the
synagogues,
and
places
of
honor
at
dinner.
They
are
the
men
who
rob
widows
of
their
homes,
and
make
a
pretense
of
saying
long
prayers.
Their
sentence
will
be
all
the
heavier.”
Then
Jesus
sat
down
opposite
the
chests
for
the
Temple
offerings,
and
watched
how
the
people
put
money
into
them.
Many
rich
people
were
putting
in
large
sums;
but
one
poor
widow
came
and
put
in
two
small
coins,
worth
very
little.
Then,
calling
his
disciples
to
him,
Jesus
said,
“I
tell
you
that
this
poor
widow
has
put
in
more
than
all
the
others
who
were
putting
money
into
the
chests;
for
everyone
else
put
in
something
from
what
he
had
to
spare,
while
she,
in
her
need,
put
in
all
she
had –
everything
that
she
had
to
live
on.”
As
Jesus
was
walking
out
of
the
Temple
Courts,
one
of
his
disciples
said
to
him, “Teacher,
look
what
fine
stones
and
buildings
these
are!”
“Do
you
see
these
great
buildings?”
asked
Jesus.
“Not
a
single
stone
will
be
left
here
on
another,
which
will
not
be
thrown
down.”
When
Jesus
had
sat
down
on
the
Mount
of
Olives,
facing
the
Temple,
Peter,
James,
John
and Andrew
questioned
him
privately,
“Tell
us
when
this
will
be,
and
what
will
be
the
sign
when
all
this
is
drawing
to
its
close.”
Then
Jesus
began,
“See
that
no
one
leads
you
astray.
Many
will
take
my
name,
and
come
saying ‘I
am He’,
and
will
lead
many
astray.
“And,
when
you
hear
of
wars
and
rumors
of
wars,
do
not
be
alarmed;
such
things
must
occur;
but
the
end
is
not
yet.
For
nation
will
rise
against
nation,
and
kingdom
against
kingdom;
there
will
be
earthquakes
in
various
places;
there
will
be
famines.
This
will
be
but
the
beginning
of
the birth-pangs.
“See
to
yourselves!
They
will
betray
you
to
courts
of
law;
and
you
will
be
taken
to
synagogues
and
beaten;
and
you
will
be
brought
up
before
governors
and
kings
for
my
sake,
so
that
you
can
bear
witness
before
them.
But
the
good
news
must
first
be
proclaimed
to
every
nation.
Whenever
they
betray
you
and
hand
you
over
for
trial,
do
not
be
anxious
beforehand
as
to
what
you
will
say,
but
say
whatever
is
given
you
at
the
moment;
for
it
will
not
be
you
who
speak,
but
the
Holy
Spirit.
Brother
will
betray
brother
to
death,
and
the
father
his
child;
and
children
will
turn
against
their
parents,
and
cause
them
to
be
put
to
death;
and
you
will
be
hated
by
everyone
because
of
me.
Yet
the
person
who
endures
to
the
end
will
be
saved.
“As
soon,
however,
as
you
see ‘the
Foul Desecration’
standing
where
it
ought
not” (the
reader
must
consider
what
this
means)
“then
those
of
you
who
are
in
Judea
must
take
refuge
in
the
mountains;
and
a
person
on
the house-top
must
not
go
down,
or
go
in
to
get
anything
out
of
their
house:
nor
must
one
who
is
on
their
farm
turn
back
to
get
their
cloak.
And
alas
for
pregnant
women,
and
for
those
who
are
nursing
infants
in
those
days!
Pray,
too,
that
this
may
not
occur
in
winter.
For
those
days
will
be
a
time
of
distress,
the
like
of
which
has
not
occurred
from
the
beginning
of
God’s
creation
until
now –
and
never
will
again.
And,
had
not
the
Lord
put
a
limit
to
those
days,
not
a
single
soul
would
escape;
but,
for
the
sake
of
God’s
own
chosen
people,
he
did
limit
them.
“And
at
that
time
if
anyone
should
say
to
you ‘Look,
here
is
the
Christ!’ ‘Look,
there
he
is!’,
do
not
believe
it;
for
false
Christs
and
false
prophets
will
arise,
and
display
signs
and
marvels,
to
lead
astray,
were
it
possible,
even
God’s
people.
But
see
that
you
are
on
your
guard!
I
have
told
you
all
this
beforehand.
“In
those
days,
after
that
time
of
distress,
the
sun
will
be
darkened,
the
moon
will
not
give
her
light,
the
stars
will
be
falling
from
the
heavens,
and
the
forces
that
are
in
the
heavens
will
be convulsed.
Then
will
be
seen
the
Son
of
Man
coming
in
clouds
with
great
power
and
glory;
and
then
he
will
send
the
angels,
and
gather
his
people
from
the
four
winds,
from
one
end
of
the
world
to
the
other.
“Learn
the lesson
taught
by
the
fig
tree.
As
soon
as
its
branches
are
full
of
sap,
and
it
is
bursting
into
leaf,
you
know
that
summer
is
near.
And
so
may
you,
as
soon
as
you
see
these
things
happening,
know
that
he
is
at
your
doors.
I
tell
you
that
even
the
present
generation
will
not
pass
away,
until
all
these
things
have
taken
place.
The
heavens
and
the
earth
will
pass
away,
but
my
words
will
not
pass
away.
“But
about
that
day,
or
the
hour,
no
one
knows –
not
even
the
angels
in
heaven,
not
even
the
Son –
but
only
the
Father.
“See
that
you
are
on
the
watch;
for
you
do
not
know
when
the
time
will
be.
It
is
like
a
man
going
on
a
journey,
who
leaves
his
home,
puts
his
servants
in
charge –
each
having
their
special
duty –
and
orders
the
porter
to
watch.
Therefore
watch,
for
you
cannot
be
sure
when
the
Master
of
the
house
is
coming –
whether
in
the
evening,
at
midnight,
at
daybreak,
or
in
the
morning –
otherwise
he
might
come
suddenly
and
find
you
asleep.
And
what
I
say
to
you
I
say
to
all –
Watch!”
It
was
now
two
days
before
the
Festival
of
the
Passover
and
the
unleavened
bread.
The
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
were
looking
for
an opportunity
to
arrest
Jesus
by
stealth,
and
to
put
him
to
death;
for
they
said, “Not
during
the
Festival,
or
the
people
may
riot.”
When
Jesus
was
still
at Bethany,
in
the
house
of
Simon
the
leper,
while
he
was
sitting
at
the
table,
a
woman
came
with
an
alabaster
jar
of
choice
spikenard
perfume
of
great
value.
She
broke
the
jar,
and
poured
the
perfume
on
his
head.
Some
of
those
who
were
present
said
to
one
another indignantly, “Why
has
the
perfume
been
wasted
like
this?
This
perfume
could
have
been
sold
for
more
than
a
year’s
wages,
and
the
money
given
to
the
poor.”
“Leave
her
alone,”
said
Jesus,
as
they
began
to
find
fault
with
her,
“why
are
you
troubling
her?
This
is
a
beautiful
deed
that
she
has
done
for
me.
You
always
have
the
poor
with
you,
and
whenever
you
wish
you
can
do
good
to
them;
but
you
will
not
always
have
me.
She
has
done
what
she
could;
she
has
perfumed
my
body
beforehand
for
my
burial.
And
I
tell
you,
wherever,
in
the
whole
world,
the
good
news
is
proclaimed,
what
this
woman
has
done
will
be
told
in
memory
of
her.”
After
this,
Judas
Iscariot,
one
of
the
Twelve,
went
to
the
chief
priests,
to
betray
Jesus
to
them.
They
were
glad
to
hear
what
he
said,
and
promised
to
pay
him.
So
he
began
looking
for
a
good opportunity
to
betray
Jesus.
On
the
first
day
of
the
Festival
of
the
unleavened
bread,
when
it
was
customary
to
kill
the
Passover
lambs,
his
disciples
said
to
Jesus, “Where
do
you
wish
us
to
go
and
make
preparations
for
your
eating
the
Passover?”
Jesus
sent
forward
two
of
his
disciples
and
said
to
them,
“Go
into
the
city,
and
there
a
man
carrying
a
pitcher
of
water
will
meet
you;
follow
him;
and,
wherever
he
goes
in,
say
to
the
owner
of
the
house ‘The
teacher
says –
Where
is
my
room
where
I
am
to
eat
the
Passover
with
my
disciples?’
He
will
himself
show
you
a
large upstairs
room,
set
out
ready;
and
there
make
preparations
for
us.”
So
the
disciples
set
out
and
went
into
the
city,
and
found
everything
just
as
Jesus
had
told
them;
and
they
prepared
the
Passover.
In
the
evening
he
went
there
with
the
Twelve,
and
when
they
had
taken
their
places
and
were
eating,
Jesus
said,
“I
tell
you
that
one
of
you
is
going
to
betray
me –
one
who
is
eating
with
me.”
They
were
grieved
at
this,
and
began
to
say
to
him,
one
after
another, “Can
it
be
I?”
“It
is
one
of
you
Twelve,”
said
Jesus,
“the
one
who
is dipping
his
bread
beside
me
into
the
dish.
True,
the
Son
of
Man
must
go,
as
scripture
says
of
him,
yet
alas
for
that
man
by
whom
the
Son
of
Man
is
being
betrayed!
For
that
man
it
would
be
better
never
to
have
been
born!”
While
they
were
eating,
Jesus
took
some
bread,
and,
after
saying
the
blessing,
broke
it,
and
gave
it
to
them,
and
said,
“Take
it;
this
is
my
body.”
Then
he
took
a
cup,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
gave
it
to
them,
and
they
all
drank
from
it.
“This
is
my covenant-blood,”
he
said,
“which
is
poured
out
on
behalf
of
many.
I
tell
you
that
I
will
never
again
drink
of
the
fruit
of
the
vine,
until
that
day
when
I
will
drink
it
new
in
the
kingdom
of
God.”
They
then
sang
a
hymn,
and
went
out
up
the
Mount
of
Olives,
presently
Jesus
said
to
them,
“All
of
you
will
fall
away;
for
scripture
says – ‘I
will
strike
down
the
shepherd,
and
the
sheep
will
be
scattered.’
Yet,
after
I
have
risen,
I
will
go
before
you
into
Galilee.”
“Even
if
everyone
else
falls
away,”
said
Peter, “I
will
not.”
“I
tell
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“that
you
yourself
today –
yes,
this
very
night –
before
the cock
crows
twice,
will disown
me
three
times.”
But
Peter
vehemently
protested, “Even
if
I
must
die
with
you,
I
will
never disown
you!”
And
they
all
said
the
same.
Presently
they
came
to
a
garden
known
as
Gethsemane,
and
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples
“Sit
down
here
while
I
pray.”
He
took
with
him
Peter,
James,
and
John;
and
began
to
show
signs
of
great
dismay
and
deep
distress
of
mind.
“I
am
sad
at
heart,”
he
said,
“sad
even
to
death;
wait
here,
and
watch.”
Going
on
a
little
further,
he
threw
himself
on
the
ground,
and
began
to
pray
that,
if
it
were
possible,
he
might
be
spared
that
hour.
“Abba,
Father,”
he
said,
“all
things
are
possible
to
you;
take
away
this
cup
from
me;
yet,
not
what
I
will,
but
what
you
will.”
Then
he
came
and
found
the
three apostles
asleep.
“Simon,”
he
said
to
Peter,
“are
you
asleep?
Couldn’t
you
watch
for
one
hour?
Watch
and
pray,”
he
said
to
them
all, “so
that
you
may
not
fall
into
temptation.
True,
the
spirit
is
willing,
but
the
flesh
is
weak.”
Again
he
went
away,
and
prayed
in
the
same
words;
and
coming
back
again
he
found
them
asleep,
for
their
eyes
were
heavy;
and
they
did
not
know
what
to
say
to
him.
A
third
time
he
came,
and
said
to
them,
“Sleep
on
now,
and
rest
yourselves.
Enough!
My
time
has
come.
Look,
the
Son
of
Man
is
being
betrayed
into
the
hands
of
wicked
people.
Up,
and
let
us
be
going.
Look!
My
betrayer
is
close
at
hand.”
And
just
then,
while
he
was
still
speaking,
Judas,
who
was
one
of
the
Twelve,
came
up;
and
with
him
a
crowd
of
people,
with
swords
and
clubs,
sent
by
the
chief
priests,
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
the
elders.
Now
the
betrayer
had
arranged
a
signal
with
them. “The
man
whom
I
kiss,”
he
had
said, “will
be
the
one;
arrest
him
and
take
him
away
safely.”
As
soon
as
Judas
came,
he
went
up
to
Jesus
at
once,
and
said, “Rabbi!”
and
kissed
him.
Then
the
men
seized
Jesus,
and
arrested
him.
One
of
those
who
were
standing
by
drew
his
sword,
and
struck
at
the
high
priest’s
servant,
and
cut
off
his
ear.
But
Jesus
spoke
up,
and
said
to
the
men,
“Have
you
come
out,
as
if
after
a
robber,
with
swords
and
clubs,
to
take
me?
I
have
been
among
you
day
after
day
in
the
Temple
Courts
teaching,
and
yet
you
did
not
arrest
me;
but
this
is
in
fulfillment
of
the
scriptures.”
And
all
the apostles
deserted
him
and
fled.
One
young
man
did
indeed
follow
him,
wrapped
only
in
a
linen
sheet.
They
tried
to
arrest
him;
but
he
left
the
sheet
in
their
hands,
and
fled
naked.
Then
they
took
Jesus
to
the
high
priest;
and
all
the
chief
priests,
elders,
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
assembled.
Peter,
who
had
followed
Jesus
at
a
distance
into
the
courtyard
of
the
high
priest,
was
sitting
there
among
the
guards,
warming
himself
at
the
blaze
of
the
fire.
Meanwhile
the
chief
priest
and
the
whole
of
the
High
Council
were
trying
to
get
such
evidence
against
Jesus
as
would warrant
his
being
put
to
death,
but
they
could
not
find
any;
for,
though
there
were
many
who
gave
false
evidence
against
him,
yet
their
evidence
did
not
agree.
Presently
some
men
stood
up,
and
gave
this
false
evidence
against
him –
“We
ourselves
heard
him
say ‘I
will
destroy
this
Temple
made
with
hands,
and
in
three
days
build
another
made
without
hands.’”
Yet
not
even
on
that
point
did
their
evidence
agree.
Then
the
high
priest
stood
forward,
and
questioned
Jesus. “Have
you
no
answer
to
make?”
he
asked. “What
is
this
evidence
which
these
men
are
giving
against
you?”
But
Jesus
remained
silent,
and
made
no
answer.
A
second
time
the
high
priest
questioned
him. “Are
you,”
he
asked, “the
Christ,
the
Son
of
the
Blessed
One?”
“I
am,”
replied
Jesus,
“and
you
will
all
see
the
Son
of
Man
sitting
on
the
right
hand
of
the
Almighty,
and
coming
in
the
clouds
of
heaven.”
At
this
the
high
priest
tore
his
vestments. “Why
do
we
want
any
more
witnesses?”
he
exclaimed.
“You
heard
his
blasphemy?
What
is
your
verdict?”
They
all
condemned
him,
declaring
that
he
deserved
death.
Some
of
those
present
began
to
spit
at
him,
and
to
blindfold
his
eyes,
and
strike
him,
saying,
as
they
did
so, “Now
play
the
prophet!”
and
even
the
guards
received
him
with
blows.
While
Peter
was
in
the
courtyard
down
below,
one
of
the
high
priest’s
maidservants
came
up;
and,
seeing
Peter
warming
himself,
she
looked
closely
at
him,
and
exclaimed, “Why,
you
were
with
Jesus,
the
Nazarene!”
But
Peter
denied
it. “I
do
not
know
or
understand
what
you
mean,”
he
replied.
Then
he
went
out
into
the
porch;
and
there
the
maidservant,
on
seeing
him,
began
to
say
again
to
the
bystanders, “This
is
one
of
them!”
But
Peter
again
denied
it.
Soon
afterward
the
bystanders
again
said
to
him, “You
certainly
are
one
of
them;
why
you
are
a
Galilean!”
But
he
said
to
them, “I
swear
that
I
do
not
know
the
man
you
are
talking
about!
May
God
punish
me
if
I
am
lying!”
At
that
moment,
for
the
second
time,
a cock
crowed;
and
Peter
remembered
the
words
that
Jesus
had
said
to
him –
‘Before
a cock
has
crowed
twice,
you
will disown
me
three times’;
and,
as
he
thought
of
it,
he
began
to
weep.
As
soon
as
it
was
daylight,
the
chief
priests,
after
holding
a
consultation
with
elders
and
teachers
of
the
Law –
that
is
to
say,
the
whole
High
Council –
put
Jesus
in
chains,
and
took
him
away,
and
gave
him
up
to
Pilate.
“Are
you
the
king
of
the
Jews?”
asked
Pilate.
“It
is
true,”
replied
Jesus.
Then
the
chief
priests
brought
a
number
of
charges
against
him.
So
Pilate
questioned
Jesus
again. “Have
you
no
reply
to
make?”
he
asked. “Listen,
how
many
charges
they
are
bringing
against
you.”
But
Jesus
still
made
no
reply
whatever;
at
which
Pilate
was
astonished.
Now,
at
the
feast, Pilate
used
to
grant
the
people
the
release
of
any
one
prisoner
whom
they
might
ask
for.
A
man
called Barabbas
was
in
prison,
with
the rioters
who
had
committed
murder
during
a
riot.
So,
when
the
crowd
went
up
and
began
to
ask Pilate
to
follow
his
usual
custom,
he
answered, “Do
you
want
me
to
release
the ‘king
of
the
Jews’
for
you?”
For
he
was
aware
that
it
was
out
of
jealousy
that
the
chief
priests
had
given Jesus
up
to
him.
But
the
chief
priests
incited
the
crowd
to
get Barabbas
released
instead.
Pilate,
however,
spoke
to
them
again, “What
should
I
do
then
with
the
man
whom
you
call
the ‘king
of
the
Jews’?”
Again
they
shouted, “Crucify
him!”
“Why,
what
harm
has
he
done?”
Pilate
kept
saying
to
them.
But
they
shouted
furiously, “Crucify
him!”
And
Pilate,
wishing
to
satisfy
the
crowd,
released Barabbas
to
them,
and,
after
scourging
Jesus,
gave
him
up
to
be
crucified.
The
soldiers
then
took
Jesus
away
into
the
courtyard –
that
is
the
Government
house –
and
they
called
the
whole
garrison
together.
They
dressed
him
in
a
purple
robe,
and,
having
twisted
a
crown
of
thorns,
put
it
on
him,
and
then
began
to
salute
him. “Long
life
to
you,
king
of
the
Jews!”
they
said.
And
they
kept
striking
him
on
the
head
with
a
rod,
spitting
at
him,
and
bowing
to
the
ground
before
him –
going
down
on
their
knees;
and,
when
they
had
left
off
mocking
him,
they
took
off
the
purple
robe,
and
put
his
own
clothes
on
him.
They
led
Jesus
out
to crucify
him;
and
they
compelled
a
passer-by,
Simon
from
Cyrene,
who
was
on
his
way
in
from
the
country,
the
father
of Alexander
and
Rufus,
to
go
with
them
to
carry
his
cross.
They
brought
Jesus
to
the
place
which
was
known
as
Golgotha –
a
name
which
means ‘place
of
a
Skull.’
There
they
offered
him drugged
wine;
but
Jesus
refused
it.
Then
they
crucified
him,
and
divided
his
clothes
among
them,
casting
lots
for
them,
to
settle
what
each
should
take.
It
was
nine
in
the
morning
when
they
crucified
him.
The
words
of
the
charge
against
him,
written
up
over
his
head,
read – ‘THE
KING
OF
THE
JEWS.’
And
with
him
they
crucified
two
robbers,
one
on
the
right,
and
the
other
on
the
left.
15.28
Some later manuscripts add: And the scripture was fulfilled that says, ‘He was counted among outlaws.’
The
passers-by
railed
at
him,
shaking
their
heads,
as
they
said, “Ah!
You
who
would
destroy
the
Temple
and
build
one
in
three
days,
come
down
from
the
cross
and
save
yourself!”
In
the
same
way
the
chief
priests,
with
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
said
to
one
another
in
mockery,
“He
saved
others,
but
he
cannot
save
himself!
Let
the
Christ,
the ‘king
of
Israel,’
come
down
from
the
cross
now
so
that
we
can
see
it
and
believe.”
Even
the
men
who
had
been
crucified
with
Jesus
insulted
him.
At
midday,
a
darkness
came
over
the
whole
country,
lasting
until
three
in
the
afternoon.
And,
at
three,
Jesus
called
out
loudly,
“Eloi,
Eloi,
lama sabacthani?”
which
means
‘My
God,
my
God,
why
have
you
forsaken
me?’
Some
of
those
standing
around
heard
this,
and
said, “Listen!
He
is
calling
for
Elijah!”
And
a
man
ran,
and, soaking
a
sponge
in
common
wine,
put
it
on
the
end
of
a
rod,
and
offered
it
to
him
to
drink,
saying
as
he
did
so, “Wait
and
let
us
see
if
Elijah
is
coming
to
take
him
down.”
But
Jesus,
giving
a
loud
cry,
breathed
his
last.
The
Temple
curtain
was
torn
in
two
from
top
to
bottom.
The Roman
officer,
who
was
standing
facing
Jesus,
on
seeing
the
way
in
which
he
breathed
his
last,
exclaimed, “This
man
must
indeed
have
been
God’s
son!”
There
were
some
women
also
watching
from
a
distance,
among
them
being
Mary
of Magdala,
Mary
the
mother
of
James
the
Little
and
of
Joseph,
and
Salome –
all
of
whom
used
to
accompany
Jesus
when
he
was
in
Galilee,
and
give
him
support –
besides
many
other
women
who
had
come
up
with
him
to
Jerusalem.
The
evening
had
already
fallen,
when,
as
it
was
the
Preparation
day –
the
day
before
the
Sabbath –
Joseph
from Arimathea,
a councillor
of
good
position,
who
was
himself
living
in
expectation
of
the
kingdom
of
God,
came
and
ventured
to
go
in
to
see
Pilate,
and
to
ask
for
the
body
of
Jesus.
But
Pilate
was
surprised
to
hear
that
he
had
already
died.
So
he
sent
for
the
officer,
and
asked
if
he
were
already
dead;
and,
on
learning
from
the
officer
that
it
was
so,
he
gave
the
corpse
to
Joseph.
Joseph,
having
bought
a
linen
sheet,
took
Jesus
down,
and
wound
the
sheet
around
him,
and
laid
him
in
a
tomb
which
had
been
cut
out
of
the
rock;
and
then
rolled
a
stone
up
against
the
entrance
of
the
tomb.
Mary
of Magdala
and
Mary,
the
mother
of
Joseph,
were
watching
to
see
where
he
was
laid.
The Risen Life Announced
When
the
Sabbath
was
over,
Mary
of Magdala,
Mary
the
mother
of
James,
and
Salome
bought
some
spices,
so
that
they
might
go
and
anoint
the
body
of
Jesus.
Very
early
on
the
first
day
of
the
week
they
went
to
the
tomb,
after
sunrise.
They
were
saying
to
one
another, “Who
will
roll
away
the
stone
for
us
from
the
entrance
of
the
tomb?”
But,
on
looking
up,
they
saw
that
the
stone
had
already
been
rolled
back;
it
was
a
very
large
one.
Going
into
the
tomb,
they
saw
a
young
man
sitting
on
their
right,
in
a
white
robe,
and
they
were
dismayed;
but
he
said
to
them,
“Do
not
be
dismayed;
you
are
looking
for
Jesus,
the
Nazarene,
who
has
been
crucified;
he
has
risen,
he
is
not
here!
Look!
Here
is
the
place
where
they
laid
him.
But
go,
and
say
to
his
disciples
and
to
Peter ‘He
is
going
before
you
into
Galilee;
there
you
will
see
him,
as
he
told
you.’”
They
went
out,
and
fled
from
the
tomb,
for
they
were
trembling
and
bewildered;
and
they
did
not
say
a
word
to
anyone,
for
they
were
frightened.
A
late appendix
(Inserted
in
some manuscripts
from
an
ancient
source)
After
his
rising
again,
early
on
the
first
day
of
the
week,
Jesus
appeared
first
of
all
to
Mary
of Magdala,
from
whom
he
had
driven
out
seven
demons.
She
went
and
told
the
news
to
those
who
had
been
with
him
and
who
were
now
in
sorrow
and
tears;
yet
even
they,
when
they
heard
that
he
was
alive
and
had
been
seen
by
her,
did
not
believe
it.
Afterward,
altered
in
appearance,
he
made
himself
known
to
two
of
them,
as
they
were
walking,
on
their
way
into
the
country.
They
also
went
and
told
the
rest,
but
they
did
not
believe
even
them.
Later
on,
he
made
himself
known
to
the
Eleven
themselves
as
they
were
at
a
meal,
and
reproached
them
with
their
want
of
faith
and
their
stubbornness,
because
they
did
not
believe
those
who
had
seen
him
after
he
had
risen
from
the
dead.
Then
he
said
to
them,
“Go
into
all
the
world,
and
proclaim
the
good
news
to
all
creation.
He
who
believes
and
is baptized
will
be
saved;
but
he
who
refuses
to
believe
will
be
condemned.
Moreover
these
signs
will
attend
those
who
believe.
In
my
name
they
will
drive
out
demons;
they
will
speak
in
new
languages;
they
will
take
up
snakes
in
their
hands;
and,
if
they
drink
any
poison,
it
will
not
hurt
them;
they
will
place
their
hands
on
sick
people
and
they
will
recover.”
So
the
Lord
Jesus,
after
he
had
spoken
to
them,
was
taken
up
into
heaven,
and
sat
at
the
right
hand
of
God.
But
they
set
out,
and
made
the
proclamation
everywhere,
the
Lord
working
with
them,
and
confirming
the
message
by
the
signs
which
attended
it.
Another appendix
But
all
that
had
been
revealed
to
them
they
reported
briefly
to
Peter
and
his
companions.
Afterward
Jesus
himself
sent
them
out,
from
east
to
west,
the
sacred
and imperishable
proclamation
of
eternal
salvation.
Luke
The Good News According to Luke
Luke
The
Good News According to
Luke
Dedication
To
his
Excellency, Theophilus.
Many
attempts
have
been
already
made
to
draw
up
an
account
of
those
events
which
have
reached
their
conclusion
among
us,
just
as
they
were
reported
to
us
by
those
who
from
the
beginning
were eye-witnesses,
and
afterward
became
bearers
of
the
message.
And,
therefore,
I
also,
since
I
have
investigated
all
these
events
with
great
care
from
their
very
beginning,
have
resolved
to
write
a
connected
history
of
them
for
you,
in
order
that
you
may
be
able
to
satisfy
yourself
of
the accuracy
of
the
story
which
you
have
heard
from
the
lips
of
others.
Birth, Parentage,
Infancy
and Boyhood
In
the
reign
of
Herod,
king
of
Judea,
there
was
a
priest
named
Zechariah,
who
belonged
to
the
division
called
after
Abijah.
His
wife,
whose
name
was
Elizabeth,
was
also
a
descendant
of
Aaron.
They
were
both
righteous
people,
who
lived
blameless
lives,
guiding
their
steps
by
all
the
commandments
and
ordinances
of
the
Lord.
But
they
had
no
child,
Elizabeth
being
barren;
and
both
of
them
were
advanced
in
years.
One
day,
when
Zechariah
was officiating
as
priest
before
God,
during
the
turn
of
his
division,
it
fell
to
him
by
lot,
in
accordance
with
the
practice
among
the
priests,
to
go
into
the
Temple
of
the
Lord
and
burn
incense;
and,
as
it
was
the
Hour
of
Incense,
the
people
were
all
praying
outside.
And
an
angel
of
the
Lord
appeared
to
him,
standing
on
the
right
of
the
Altar
of
Incense.
Zechariah
was
startled
at
the
sight
and
was awe-struck.
But
the
angel
said
to
him, “Do
not
be
afraid,
Zechariah;
your
prayer
has
been
heard,
and
your
wife
Elizabeth
will
bear
you
a
son,
whom
you
will
call
by
the
name
John.
He
will
be
to
you
a
joy
and
a
delight;
and
many
will
rejoice
over
his
birth.
For
he
will
be
great
in
the
sight
of
the
Lord;
he
will
not
drink
any
wine
or
strong
drink,
and
he
will
be
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit
from
the
very
hour
of
his
birth,
and
will
reconcile
many
of
the
Israelites
to
the
Lord
their
God.
He
will
go
before
him
in
the
spirit
and
with
the
power
of
Elijah,
to
reconcile
fathers
to
their
children
and
the
disobedient
to
the
wisdom
of
the
righteous,
and
so
make
ready
for
the
Lord
a
people
prepared
for
him.”
“How
can
I
be
sure
of
this?”
Zechariah
asked
the
angel. “For
I
am
an
old
man
and
my
wife
is
advanced
in
years.”
“I
am
Gabriel,”
the
angel
answered, “who
stand
in
the
presence
of
God,
and
I
have
been
sent
to
speak
to
you
and
to
bring
you
this
good
news.
And
now
you
will
be
silent
and
unable
to
speak
until
the
day
when
this
takes
place,
because
you
did
not
believe
what
I
said,
though
my
words
will
be
fulfilled
in
due
course.”
Meanwhile
the
people
were
watching
for
Zechariah,
wondering
at
his
remaining
so
long
in
the
Temple.
When
he
came
out,
he
was
unable
to
speak
to
them,
and
they
perceived
that
he
had
seen
a
vision
there.
But
Zechariah
kept
making
signs
to
them,
and
remained
dumb.
And,
as
soon
as
his term
of
service
was
finished,
he
returned
home.
After
this
his
wife,
Elizabeth,
became
pregnant
and
lived
in
seclusion
for
five
months.
“The
Lord
has
done
this
for
me,”
she
said, “he
has
shown
me
kindness
and
taken
away
the
public
disgrace
of childlessness
under
which
I
have
been
living.”
Six
months
later
the
angel
Gabriel
was
sent
from
God
to
a
town
in
Galilee
called
Nazareth,
to
a
maiden
there
who
was
engaged
to
a
man
named
Joseph,
a
descendant
of
David.
Her
name
was
Mary.
Gabriel
came
into
her
presence
and
greeted
her,
saying, “You
have
been
shown
great
favor –
the
Lord
is
with
you.”
Mary
was
much
disturbed
at
his
words,
and
was
wondering
to
herself
what
such
a greeting
could
mean,
when
the
angel
spoke
again, “Do
not
be
afraid,
Mary,
for
you
have
found
favor
with
God.
And
now,
you
will
conceive
and
give
birth
to
a
son,
and
you
will
give
him
the
name
Jesus.
The
child
will
be
great
and
will
be
called ‘Son
of
the
Most
High,’
and
the
Lord
God
will
give
him
the
throne
of
his
ancestor
David,
and
he
will
reign
over
the
descendants
of
Jacob
for
ever;
And
to
his
kingdom
there
will
be
no
end.”
“How
can
this
be?”
Mary
asked
the
angel. “For
I
have
no
husband.”
“The
Holy
Spirit
will
descend
on
you,”
answered
the
angel, “and
the
Power
of
the
Most
High
will
overshadow
you;
and
therefore
the
child
will
be
called ‘holy,’
and ‘Son
of
God.’
And
Elizabeth,
your
cousin,
is
herself
also expecting
a
son
in
her
old
age;
and
it
is
now
the
sixth
month
with
her,
though
she
is
called
barren;
for
no
promise
from
God
will
fail
to
be
fulfilled.”
“I
am
the
servant
of
the
Lord,”
exclaimed
Mary. “Let
it
be
with
me
as
you
have
said.”
Then
the
angel
left
her.
Soon
after
this
Mary
set
out,
and
made
her
way
quickly
into
the hill-country,
to
a
town
in
Judah;
and
there
she
went
into
Zechariah’s
house
and
greeted
Elizabeth.
When
Elizabeth
heard
Mary’s greeting,
the
child
moved
within
her,
and
Elizabeth
herself
was
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
cried
aloud, “Blessed
are
you
among
women,
and
blessed
is
your unborn
child!
But
how
have
I
this
honor,
that
the
mother
of
my
Lord
should
come
to
me?
For,
as
soon
as
your greeting
reached
my
ears,
the
child
moved
within
me
with
delight!
Happy
indeed
is
she
who
believed
that
the
promise
which
she
received
from
the
Lord
would
be
fulfilled.”
And
Mary
said:
“My
soul
exalts
the
Lord,
and
my
spirit
delights
in
God
my
Savior,
for
he
has
looked
with
favor
on
his
humble
servant
girl.
From
now
on
all
generations
will
call
me
blessed!
“For
the
Almighty
has
done
great
things
for
me,
and
holy
is
his
name.
He
has
mercy
on
those
who
revere
him
in
every
generation.
“Mighty
are
the
deeds
of
his
arm!
He
has
scattered
the self-satisfied
proud,
he
has
cast
down
the
mighty
from
their
thrones,
and
he uplifts
the
humble,
he
has
filled
the
hungry
with
good
things,
and
the
rich
he
has
sent
away
empty.
“He
has
stretched
out
his
hand
to
his
servant
Israel,
ever
mindful
of
his
mercy,
as
he
promised
to
our
ancestors,
to
Abraham
and
his
descendants
for
ever.”
Mary
stayed
with Elizabeth
about
three
months,
and
then
returned
to
her
home.
When Elizabeth’s
time
came,
she
gave
birth
to
a
son;
and
her
neighbors
and
relatives,
hearing
of
the
great
goodness
of
the
Lord
to
her,
came
to
share
her
joy.
A
week
later
they
met
to
circumcise
the
child,
and
were
about
to
call
him
Zechariah
after
his
father,
when
his
mother
spoke
up, “No,
he
is
to
be
called
John.”
“You
have
no relation
of
that
name!”
they
exclaimed;
and
they
made
signs
to
the
child’s
father,
to
find
out
what
he
wished
the
child
to
be
called.
Asking
for
a
writing
tablet,
he
wrote
the
words – ‘His
name
is
John.’
Everyone
was
surprised
and
immediately
Zechariah
recovered
his
voice
and
the
use
of
his
tongue,
and
began
to
bless
God.
All
their
neighbors
were awe-struck
at
this,
and
throughout
the hill-country
of
Judea
the
whole
story
was
much
talked
about.
All
who
heard
it
kept
it
in
mind,
asking
one
another – “What
can
this
child
be
destined
to
become?”
For
the
Power
of
the
Lord
was
with
him.
Then
his
father
Zechariah
was
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
and,
speaking
under
inspiration,
said:
“Blessed
is
the
Lord,
the
God
of
Israel,
who
has
visited
his
people
and
wrought
their
deliverance,
and
has
raised
up
for
us
the
strength
of
our
salvation
in
the
house
of
his
servant
David –
as
he
promised
by
the
lips
of
his
holy
prophets
of
old –
salvation
from
our
enemies
and
from
the
hands
of
all
who
hate
us,
showing
mercy
to
our
ancestors,
and
mindful
of
his
sacred
covenant.
This
was
the
oath
which
he
swore
to
our
ancestor
Abraham –
that
we
should
be
rescued
from
the
hands
of
our
enemies,
and
should
serve
him
without
fear
in
holiness
and
righteousness,
in
his
presence
all
our
days.
And
you,
child,
will
be
called
prophet
of
the
Most
High,
for
you
will
go
before
the
Lord
to
make
ready
his
way,
to
give
his
people
the
knowledge
of
salvation
through
the
forgiveness
of
their
sins,
through
the
tender
mercy
of
our
God,
whereby
the
dawn
will
break
on
us
from
heaven,
to
give
light
to
those
who
live
in
darkness
and
the
shadow
of
death,
and
guide
our
feet
into
the
way
of
peace.”
The
child
grew
and
became
strong
in
spirit,
and
he
lived
in
the wilds
until
the
time
came
for
his
appearance
before
Israel.
About
that
time
an
edict
was
issued
by
the Emperor Augustus
that
a
census
should
be
taken
of
the
whole
Empire.
(This
was
the
first
census
taken
while
Quirinius
was
Governor
of
Syria).
And
everyone
went
to
his
own
town
to
be
registered.
Among
others
Joseph
went
up
from
the
town
of
Nazareth
in
Galilee
to
Bethlehem,
the
town
of
David,
in
Judea –
because
he
belonged
to
the
family
and
house
of
David –
to
be
registered
with
Mary,
his
engaged
wife,
who
was
about
to
become
a
mother.
While
they
were
there
her
time
came,
and
she
gave
birth
to
her
first
child,
a
son.
And
because
there
was
no
room
for
them
in
the
inn,
she swathed
him
around
and
laid
him
in
a
manger.
In
that
same
countryside
were
shepherds
out
in
the
open
fields,
watching
their
flocks
that
night,
when
an
angel
of
the
Lord
suddenly
stood
by
them,
and
the
glory
of
the
Lord
shone
around
them;
and
they
were
seized
with
fear.
“Have
no
fear,”
the
angel
said. “For
I
bring
you
good
news
of
a
great
joy
in
store
for
all
the
nation.
This
day
there
has
been
born
to
you,
in
the
town
of
David,
a
Savior,
who
is
Christ
and
Lord.
And
this
will
be
the
sign
for
you.
You
will
find
the
infant swathed,
and
lying
in
a
manger.”
Then
suddenly
there
appeared
with
the
angel
a
multitude
of
the
heavenly
Host,
praising
God,
and
singing –
“glory
to
God
on
high,
and
on
earth
peace
among
those
in
whom
he
finds
pleasure.”
Now,
when
the
angels
had
left
them
and
gone
back
to
heaven,
the
shepherds
said
to
one
another, “Let
us
go
at
once
to
Bethlehem,
and
see
this
thing
that
has
happened,
of
which
the
Lord
has
told
us.”
So
they
went
quickly,
and
found
Mary
and
Joseph,
and
the
infant
lying
in
a
manger;
and,
when
they
saw
it,
they
told
of
all
that
had
been
said
to
them
about
this
child.
All
who
heard
the
shepherds
were
astonished
at
their
story,
while
Mary
treasured
in
her
heart
all
that
they
said,
and
thought
about
it
often.
And
the
shepherds
went
back,
giving
glory
and
praise
to
God
for
all
that
they
had
heard
and
seen.
It
had
all
happened
as
they
had
been
told.
Eight
days
after
the
birth
of
the
child,
when
it
was
time
to
circumcise
him,
he
received
the
name
Jesus –
the
name
given
him
by
the
angel
before
his
conception.
When
the
period
of
purification
of
mother
and
child,
required
by
the
Law
of
Moses,
came
to
an
end,
his
parents
took
the
child
up
to
Jerusalem
to
present
him
to
the
Lord,
in compliance
with
the
Law
of
the
Lord
that
every
firstborn
male
will
be
dedicated
to
the
Lord,
and
also
to
offer
the
sacrifice
required
by
the
Law
of
the
Lord –
a
pair
of turtle-doves
or
two
young
pigeons.
There
was
at
that
time
in
Jerusalem
a
man
named
Simeon,
a
righteous
and
devout
man,
who
lived
in
constant
expectation
of
Israel’s consulation,
and
under
the
guidance
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
It
had
been
revealed
to
him
by
the
Holy
Spirit
that
he
should
not
die
until
he
had
seen
the
Lord’s
Christ.
Moved
by
the
Spirit,
Simeon
came
into
the
Temple
Courts,
and,
when
the
parents
brought
in
the
child
Jesus,
to
do
for
him
what
was
customary
under
the
Law,
Simeon
himself
took
the
child
in
his
arms,
and
blessed
God,
and
said:
“Now,
Lord,
you
will
let
your
servant
go,
according
to
your
word,
in
peace,
for
my
eyes
have
seen
the
salvation
which
you
have
prepared
in
the
sight
of
all
nations –
a
light
to
bring
light
to
the
Gentiles,
and
to
be
the
glory
of
your
people
Israel.”
While
the
child’s
father
and
mother
were
wondering
at
what
was
said
about
him,
Simeon
gave
them
his
blessing,
and
said
to
Mary,
the
child’s
mother, “This
child
is
appointed
to
be
the
cause
of
the
fall
and
rise
of
many
in
Israel,
and
to
be
a
sign
much
spoken
against –
Yes,
the
sword
will
pierce
your
own
heart –
and
so
the
thoughts
in
many
minds
will
be
disclosed.”
There
was
also
a
prophet
named
Hannah,
a
daughter
of
Phanuel
and
of
the
tribe
of
Asher.
She
was
far
advanced
in
years,
having
lived
with
her
husband
for
seven
years
after
marriage,
and
then
a
widow,
until
she
had
reached
the
age
of
eighty-four.
She
never
left
the
Temple
Courts,
but,
fasting
and
praying,
worshiped
God
night
and
day.
At
that
moment
she
came
up,
and
began
publicly
to
thank
God
and
to
speak
about
the
child
to
all
who
were
looking
for
the
deliverance
of
Jerusalem.
When
the
child’s
parents
had
done
everything
required
by
the
Law
of
the
Lord,
they
returned
to
Galilee
to
their
own
town
of
Nazareth.
The
child
grew
and
became
strong
and
wise,
and
the
blessing
of
God
was
on
him.
Every
year
the
child’s
parents
used
to
go
to
Jerusalem
at
the
Passover
Festival.
When
Jesus
was
twelve
years
old,
they
went
according
to
custom
to
Jerusalem,
and
had
finished
their
visit;
but,
when
they
started
to
return,
the
boy
Jesus
remained
behind
in
Jerusalem,
without
their
knowing
it.
Thinking
that
he
was
with
their
fellow
travelers,
they
went
one
day’s
journey
before
searching
for
him
among
their
relatives
and
acquaintances;
and
then,
as
they
did
not
find
him,
they
returned
to
Jerusalem,
searching
everywhere
for
him.
It
was
not
until
the
third
day
that
they
found
him
in
the
Temple
Courts,
sitting
among
the
teachers,
now
listening
to
them,
now
asking
them
questions.
All
who
listened
to
him marveled
at
his
intelligence
and
his
answers.
His
parents
were
amazed
when
they
saw
him,
and
his
mother
said
to
him, “My
child,
why
have
you
treated
us
like
this?
Your
father
and
I
have
been
searching
for
you
in
great
distress.”
“What
made
you
search
for
me?”
he
answered.
“Didn’t
you
know
that
I
must
be
in
my
Father’s
house?”
His
parents
did
not
understand
what
he
meant.
However
he
went
down
with
them
to
Nazareth,
and
submitted
himself
to
their
control;
and
his
mother
treasured
all
that
was
said
in
her
heart.
And
Jesus
grew
in
wisdom
as
he
grew
in
years,
and
gained
the
blessing
of
God
and
people.
The Preparation
In
the
fifteenth
year
of
the
reign
of
the Emperor
Tiberius,
when
Pontius
Pilate
was
governor
of
Judea,
Herod
ruler
of
Galilee,
his
brother
Philip
ruler
of
the
territory comprising
Ituraea
and
Trachonitis,
and
Lysanias
ruler
of Abilene,
and
when Annas
and
Caiaphas
were
high
priests,
a
command
from
God
came
to
John,
the
son
of
Zechariah,
while
he
was
in
the
wilderness.
And
John
went
through
the
whole
district
of
the
Jordan,
proclaiming
a baptism
of
repentance,
for
the
forgiveness
of
sins.
This
was
in
fulfillment
of
what
is
said
in
the writings
of
the
prophet
Isaiah –
‘The
voice
of
one
crying
aloud
in
the
wilderness:
“Make
ready
the
way
of
the
Lord,
make
his
paths
straight.
Every
chasm
will
be
filled,
every
mountain
and
hill
will
be
leveled.
The
winding
ways
will
be
straightened,
the
rough
roads
made
smooth,
and
everyone
will
see
the
salvation
of
God.”’
And
John
said
to
the
crowds
that
went
to
be baptized
by
him, “You
children
of
snakes!
Who
has
prompted
you
to
seek
refuge
from
the
coming
judgment?
Let
your
lives,
then,
prove
your
repentance;
and
do
not
begin
to
say
among
yourselves ‘Abraham
is
our
ancestor,’
for
I
tell
you
that
out
of
these
stones
God
is
able
to
raise
descendants
for
Abraham!
Already,
indeed,
the
axe
is
lying
at
the
root
of
the
trees.
Therefore
every
tree
that
fails
to
bear
good
fruit
will
be
cut
down
and
thrown
into
the
fire.”
“What
are
we
to
do
then?”
the
people
asked.
“Let
anyone
who
has
two
coats,”
answered
John, “share
with
the
person
who
has
none;
and
anyone
who
has
food
do
the
same.”
Even
tax
collectors
came
to
be baptized,
and
said
to
John, “Teacher,
what
are
we
to
do?”
“Do
not
collect
more
than
you
have
authority
to
demand,”
John
answered.
And
when
some
soldiers
on
active
service
asked “And
we –
what
are
we
to
do?”
he
said, “Never
use
violence,
or
exact
anything
by
false
accusation;
and
be
content
with
your
pay.”
Then,
while
the
people
were
in suspense,
and
were
all debating
with
themselves
whether
John
could
be
the
Christ,
John,
addressing
them
all,
said, “I,
indeed, baptize
you
with
water;
but
there
is
coming
one
more
powerful
than
I,
and
I
am
not
fit
even
to unfasten
his
sandals.
He
will baptize
you
with
the
Holy
Spirit
and
with
fire.
His winnowing-fan
is
in
his
hand
so
that
he
may
clear
his threshing-floor,
and
store
the
grain
in
his
barn,
but
the
chaff
he
will
burn
with
a
fire
that
cannot
be
put
out.”
And
so
with
many
different appeals
John
told
his
good
news
to
the
people.
But
when
John
rebuked
Herod
the
ruler,
for Herodia
his
brother’s
wife,
and
for
all
the
evil
things
that
he
had
done,
Herod
crowned
them
all
by
shutting
John
up
in
prison.
Now
after
the baptism
of
all
the
people,
and
when
Jesus
had
been baptized
and
was
still
praying,
the
heavens
opened,
and
the
Holy
Spirit
came
down
on
him
in
the
form
of
a
dove,
and
from
the
heavens
came
a
voice – “You
are
my
dearly
loved
son;
you
bring
me
great
joy.”
When
beginning
his
work,
Jesus
was
about
thirty
years
old.
He
was
regarded
as
the
son
of
Joseph,
whose
ancestors
were –
Eli,
Mattith,
Levi,
Melchiah,
Janna,
Joseph,
Mattithiah,
Amos,
Nahum,
Azaliah,
Nogah,
Mattith,
Mattithiah,
Shimei,
Joseph, Josheh,
Johanan,
Rhesa,
Zerubbabel,
Salathiel,
Neriah,
Melchiah, Addi,
Cosam,
Elmodam,
Er,
Joshua,
Eliezer,
Joram, Mattith,
Levi,
Simeon,
Judah,
Joseph,
Jonam,
Eliakim,
Meleah,
Menan,
Mattithiah,
Nathan,
David,
Jesse,
Obed,
Boaz,
Salah,
Nahshon,
Aminadab, Arni,
Hezron,
Perez,
Judah,
Jacob,
Isaac,
Abraham,
Terah,
Nahor,
Serug,
Reu,
Peleg,
Eber,
Shelah,
Kenan,
Arpachshad,
Shem,
Noah,
Lamech,
Methuselah,
Enoch,
Jared,
Mahalalel,
Kenan,
Enosh,
Seth,
son
of
Adam,
and
Adam,
son
of
God.
On
returning
from
the
Jordan,
full
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
Jesus
was
led
by
the
power
of
the
Spirit
through
the
wilderness
for
forty
days,
tempted
by
the devil.
All
that
time
he
ate
nothing;
and,
when
it
was
over,
he
became
hungry.
So
the
devil
said
to
him, “If
you
are
God’s
Son,
tell
this
stone
to
become
a
loaf
of
bread.”
And
Jesus
answered
him,
“Scripture
says – ‘It
is
not
on
bread
alone
that
a
person
is
to
live.’”
And
the devil
led
Jesus
up,
and
showing
him
in
a
single
moment
all
the
kingdoms
of
the
earth,
said
to
him,
“I
will
give
you
all
this
power,
and
the
splendor
of
them;
for
it
has
been
given
into
my
hands
and
I
give
it
to
whom
I
wish.
If
you
worship
me,
it
will
all
be
yours.”
And
Jesus
answered
him,
“Scripture
says – ‘You
should
worship
the
Lord
your
God,
and
worship
him
only.’”
The devil
next
led
him
into
Jerusalem,
and,
placing
him
on
the
parapet
of
the
Temple,
said, “If
you
are
God’s
Son
throw
yourself
down
from
here,
for
scripture
says – ‘He
will
give
his
angels
commands
about
you,
to
guard
you
safely,’
And ‘On
their
hands
they
will
lift
you
up,
otherwise
you
might
strike
your
foot
against
a
stone.’”
But
Jesus
answered
him,
“It
is
said – ‘You
must
not
tempt
the
Lord
your
God.’”
When
he
had
tried
every
kind
of
temptation,
the
devil
left
Jesus,
until
another
opportunity.
The
Work
in
Galilee
Moved
by
the
power
of
the
Spirit,
Jesus
returned
to
Galilee.
Reports
about
him
spread
through
all
that
region;
and
he
began
to
teach
in
their
synagogues,
and
was
honored
by
everyone.
Coming
to
Nazareth,
where
he
had
been
brought
up,
Jesus,
as
was
his
custom,
went
on
the
Sabbath
into
the
synagogue,
and
stood
up
to
read
the scriptures.
He
was
given
the
book
of
the
prophet
Isaiah;
and
Jesus
opened
the
book
and
found
the
place
where
it
says –
‘The
Spirit
of
the
Lord
is
on
me,
for
he
has
consecrated
me
to
bring
good
news
to
the
poor,
he
has
sent
me
to
proclaim
release
to
captives
and restoration
of
sight
to
the
blind,
to
set
the
oppressed
at
liberty,
to
proclaim
the
year
of
the
Lord’s
favor.’
Then, closing
the
book
and
returning
it
to
the
attendant,
he
sat
down.
The
eyes
of
all
in
the
synagogue
were
fixed
on
him,
and
Jesus
began,
“This
very
day
this
passage
has
been
fulfilled
in
your
hearing.”
All
who
were
present
spoke
well
of
him,
and
were
astonished
at
the
beautiful
words
that
fell
from
his
lips. “Isn’t
Joseph’s
son?”
they
asked.
“Doubtless,”
said
Jesus,
“you
will
remind
me
of
the
saying – ‘Doctor,
cure
yourself;’
and
you
will
say ‘Do
here
in
your
own
country
all
that
we
have
heard
that
has
been
done
at
Capernaum.’
I
tell
you,”
he
continued,
“that
no
prophet
is
acceptable
in
his
own
country.
There
were,
doubtless,
many
widows
in
Israel
in
Elijah’s
days,
when
the
heavens
were
closed
for
three
years
and
six
months,
and
a
severe
famine
prevailed
throughout
the
country;
and
yet
it
was
not
to
one
of
them
that
Elijah
was
sent,
but
to
a
widow
at
Zarephath
in Sidonia.
And
there
were
many
lepers
in
Israel
in
the
time
of
the
prophet
Elisha,
yet
it
was
not
one
of
them
who
was
made
clean,
but
Naaman
the
Syrian.”
All
the
people
in
the
synagogue,
as
they
listened
to
this,
became
enraged.
Starting
up,
they
drove
Jesus
out
of
the
town,
and
led
him
to
the
brow
of
the
hill
on
which
their
town
stood,
intending
to
hurl
him
down.
But
he
passed
through
the
middle
of
the
crowd
and
went
on
his
way.
Then
Jesus
went
down
to
Capernaum,
a
city
in
Galilee.
On
the
Sabbath
he
taught
the
people.
They
were
amazed
at
his
teaching,
because
his
words
were
spoken
with
authority.
In
the
synagogue
there
was
a
man
with
the
spirit
of
a
foul
demon
in
him,
who
called
out
loudly,
“Stop!
What
do
you
want
with
us,
Jesus
of
Nazareth?
Have
you
come
to
destroy
us?
I
know
who
you
are –
the
Holy
One
of
God!”
But
Jesus
rebuked
the
demon.
“Be
silent!
Come
out
from
him,”
he
said.
The
demon flung
the
man
down
in
the
middle
of
the
people,
and
then
came
out
from
him,
without
causing
him
further
harm.
And
they
were
all
lost
in
amazement,
and
kept
saying
to
one
another, “What
words
are
these?
For
he
gives
his
commands
to
the
foul
spirits
with
a
marvelous
authority,
and
they
come
out.”
And
rumors
about
Jesus
traveled
through
every
place
in
the
region.
On
leaving
the
synagogue,
Jesus
went
into
Simon’s
house.
Now
Simon’s
mother-in-law
was
suffering
from
a
severe
attack
of
fever,
and
they
asked
Jesus
to
cure
her.
Bending
over
her,
he
rebuked
the
fever;
the
fever
left
her,
and
she
immediately
got
up
and
began
to
take
care
of
them.
At
sunset,
all
who
had
friends
suffering
from
various
diseases
took
them
to
Jesus;
and
he
placed
his
hands
on
everyone
of
them
and
cured
them.
And
even
demons
came
out
from
many
people, screaming ‘You
are
the
Son
of
God.’
Jesus
rebuked
them,
and
would
not
allow
them
to
speak,
because
they
knew
that
he
was
the
Christ.
At
daybreak,
Jesus
went
out
and
walked
to
a
lonely
spot.
But
crowds
of
people
began
to
look
for
him;
and
they
came
to
where
he
was
and
tried
to
detain
him
and
prevent
his
leaving
them.
Jesus,
however,
said
to
them,
“I
must
take
the
good
news
of
the
kingdom
of
God
to
the
other
towns
too,
for
that
was
why
I
was
sent.”
And
he
continued
to
make
his
proclamation
in
the
synagogues
of
Judea.
Once,
when
the
people
were
pressing
around
Jesus
as
they
listened
to
God’s
message,
he
happened
to
be
standing
by
the
shore
of
the
Lake
of
Gennesaret,
and
saw
two
boats
close
to
the
shore.
The
fishermen
had
gone
away
from
them
and
were
washing
the
nets.
So,
getting
into
one
of
the
boats,
which
belonged
to
Simon,
Jesus
asked
him
to
push
off
a
little
way
from
the
shore,
and
then
sat
down
and
taught
the
people
from
the
boat.
When
he
had
finished
speaking,
he
said
to
Simon,
“Push
off
into
deep
water,
and
throw
out
your
nets
for
a
haul.”
“We
have
been
hard
at
work
all
night,
Sir,”
answered
Simon, “and
have
not
caught
anything,
but,
at
your
bidding,
I
will
throw
out
the
nets.”
They
did
so,
and
enclosed
such
a
great shoal
of
fish
that
their
nets
began
to
break.
So
they
signaled
to
their
partners
in
the
other
boat
to
come
and
help
them;
and
they
came
and
filled
both
the
boats
so
full
of
fish
that
they
were
almost sinking.
When
Simon
Peter
saw
this,
he
threw
himself
down
at
Jesus’
knees, exclaiming, “Master,
leave
me,
for
I
am
a
sinful
man!”
For
he
and
all
who
were
with
him
were
lost
in
amazement
at
the
haul
of
fish
which
they
had
made;
and
so,
too,
were
James
and
John,
Zebedee’s
sons,
who
were
Simon’s
partners.
“Do
not
be
afraid,”
Jesus
said
to
Simon,
“from
today
you
will
catch
people.”
And,
when
they
had
brought
their
boats
to
shore,
they
left
everything,
and
followed
him.
On
one
occasion
Jesus
was
staying
in
a
town,
when
he
saw
a
man
who
was
covered
with
leprosy.
When
the
leper
saw
Jesus,
he
threw
himself
on
his
face
and
implored
his
help, “Master,
if
only
you
are
willing,
you
are
able
to
make
me
clean.”
Stretching
out
his
hand,
Jesus
touched
him,
saying
as
he
did
so,
“I
am
willing;
become
clean.”
Instantly
the
leprosy
left
the
man;
and
then
Jesus
impressed
on
him
that
he
was
not
to
say
a
word
to
anyone,
“but,”
he
added,
“set
out
and
show
yourself
to
the
priest,
and
make
the
offerings
for
your
cleansing,
in
the
manner
directed
by
Moses,
as
evidence
of
your
cure.”
However,
the
story
about
Jesus
spread
all
the
more,
and
great
crowds
came
together
to
listen
to
him,
and
to
be
cured
of
their
illnesses;
but
Jesus
used
to
withdraw
to
lonely
places
and
pray.
On
one
of
those
days,
when
Jesus
was
teaching,
some
Pharisees
and Doctors
of
the
Law
were
sitting
near
by. (They
had
come
from
all
the
villages
in
Galilee
and
Judea,
and
from
Jerusalem;
and
the
power
of
the
Lord
was
on
Jesus,
so
that
he
could
work cures.)
And
there
some
men
brought
on
a
bed
a
man
who
was
paralyzed.
They
tried
to
get
him
in
and
lay
him
before
Jesus;
but,
finding
no
way
of
getting
him
in owing
to
the
crowd,
they
went
up
on
the
roof
and
lowered
him
through
the
tiles,
with
his pallet,
into
the
middle
of
the
people
and
in
front
of
Jesus.
When
he
saw
their
faith,
Jesus
said,
“Friend,
your
sins
have
been
forgiven
you.”
The
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees
began debating
about
this. “Who
is
this
man
who
speaks
so blasphemously?”
they
asked. “Who
can
forgive
sins
except
God?”
When
Jesus
became
aware
of
the
way
in
which
they
were debating,
he
turned
to
them
and
exclaimed,
“What
are
you debating
with
yourselves?
Which
is
the
easier? –
to
say ‘Your
sins
have
been
forgiven you’?
Or
to
say ‘Get
up,
and walk’?
But
so
that
you
may
know
that
the
Son
of
Man
has
power
on
earth
to
forgive
sins” –
he
spoke
to
the
paralyzed
man –
“To
you
I
say,
Get
up,
and
take
up
your pallet,
and
go
to
your
home.”
Instantly
the
man
stood
up
before
their
eyes,
took
up
what
he
had
been
lying
on,
and
went
to
his
home,
praising
God.
The
people,
one
and
all,
were
lost
in
amazement,
and
praised
God;
and
in
great
awe
they
said, “We
have
seen
marvelous
things
today!”
After
this,
Jesus
went
out;
and
he
noticed
a tax-gatherer,
named
Levi,
sitting
in
the
tax
office,
and
said
to
him,
“Follow
me.”
Levi
left
everything
and
got
up
and
followed
him.
And
Levi
gave
a
great
banquet
at
his
house,
in
honor
of
Jesus;
and
a
large
number
of
tax
collectors
and
others
were
having
dinner
with
them.
The
Pharisees
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law belonging
to
their
party
complained
of
this
to
the
disciples
of
Jesus.
In
answer
Jesus
said,
“It
is
not
those
who
are
well
who
need
a
doctor,
but
those
who
are
ill.
I
have
not
come
to
call
the religious,
but
the
outcast,
to
repent.”
“John’s
disciples,”
they
said
to
Jesus, “Often
fast
and
say
prayers,
and
so
do
the
disciples
of
the
Pharisees,
while
yours
are
eating
and
drinking!”
But
Jesus
answered
them,
“Can
you
make
the groom’s
friends
fast
while
the
groom
is
with
them?
But
the
days
will
come –
a
time
when
the
groom
will
be
taken
away
from
them;
and
they
will
fast
then,
when
those
days
come.”
Then,
as
an illustration,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“No
one
ever
tears
a
piece
from
a
new
garment
and
puts
it
on
an
old
one;
for,
if
they
do,
they
will
not
only
tear
the
new
garment,
but
the
piece
from
the
new
one
will
not
match
the
old.
And
no
one
puts
new
wine
into
old wine-skins;
for,
if
they
do,
the
new
wine
will
burst
the
skins,
and
the
wine
itself
will
run
out,
and
the
skins
be
lost.
But
new
wine
must
be
put
into
fresh
skins.
No
one
after
drinking
old
wine
wishes
for
new. ‘No,’
they
say, ‘the
old
is
excellent.’”
p
One
Sabbath
Jesus
was
walking
through cornfields,
and
his
disciples
were
picking
the
ears
of
wheat,
and
rubbing
them
in
their
hands,
and
eating
them.
“Why
are
you
doing
what
it
is
not allowable
to
do
on
the
Sabbath?”
asked
some
of
the
Pharisees.
Jesus’
answer
was,
“Haven’t
you
read
even
of
what
David
did,
when
he
was
hungry,
he
and
his
companions –
That
he
went
into
the
house
of
God,
and
took
the
consecrated
bread
and
ate
it,
and
gave
some
to
his
companions,
though
only
the
priests
are
allowed
to
eat
it?”
Then
Jesus
added,
“The
Son
of
Man
is
lord
even
of
the
Sabbath.”
On
another
Sabbath
Jesus
went
into
the
synagogue
and
taught;
and
there
was
a
man
there
whose
right
hand
was
withered.
The
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees
watched
Jesus
closely,
to
see
if
he
would
work cures
on
the
Sabbath,
so
that
they
might
find
a
charge
to
bring
against
him.
Jesus,
however,
knew
what
was
in
the
their
minds,
and
said
to
the
man
whose
hand
was
withered,
“Stand
up
and
come
out
into
the
middle.”
The
man
stood
up;
and
Jesus
said
to
them,
“I
ask
you,
is
it allowable
to
do
good
on
the
Sabbath –
or
harm?
To
save
a
life,
or
let
it
perish?”
Then,
looking
around
at
them
all,
he
said
to
the
man,
“Stretch
out
your
hand.”
The
man
did
so;
and
his
hand
had
become
sound.
But
the
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the Pharisees
were
mad
with
rage,
and
consulted
together
what
they
could
do
to
Jesus.
Now
about
that
time,
Jesus
went
out,
up
the
hill,
to
pray,
and
spent
the
whole
night
in
prayer
to
God.
When
day
came,
he
summoned
his
disciples,
and
chose
twelve
of
them,
whom
he
also
named ‘apostles.’
They
were
Simon (whom
Jesus
also
named
Peter),
and
his
brother Andrew,
James,
John,
Philip, Bartholomew,
Matthew,
Thomas,
James
son
of Alphaeus,
Simon
known
as
the
Zealot,
Judas
son
of
James,
and
Judas
Iscariot,
who
proved
a
traitor.
Afterward
Jesus
came
down
the
hill
with
them
and
took
his
stand
on
a
level
place.
With
him
were
a
large
crowd
of
his
disciples,
and
great
numbers
of
people
from
the
whole
of
Judea,
Jerusalem,
and
the
coast
district
of
Tyre
and
Sidon,
who
had
come
to
hear
him
and
to
be
restored
to
health.
Those,
too,
who
were
troubled
with
foul
spirits
were
cured;
and
everyone
in
the
crowd
was
trying
to
touch
him,
because
a
power
went
out
from
him
which
restored
them
all.
Then,
raising
his
eyes
and
looking
at
his
disciples,
Jesus
said:
“Blessed
are
you
who
are
poor,
for
yours
is
the
kingdom
of
God.
Blessed
are
you
who
hunger
now,
for
you
will
be
satisfied.
Blessed
are
you
who
weep
now,
for
you
will
laugh.
Blessed
are
you
when
people
hate
you,
and
when
they
expel
you
from
among
them,
and
insult
you,
and
reject
your
name
as
an
evil
thing –
because
of
the
Son
of
Man.
Then
indeed
you
may
be
glad
and
dance
for
joy,
for
be
sure
that
your
reward
in
heaven
will
be
great;
for
that
is
what
their
ancestors
did
to
the
prophets.
But
alas
for
you
who
are
rich,
for
you
have
had
your
comforts
in
full.
Alas
for
you
who
are
sated
now,
for
you
will
hunger.
Alas
for
you
who
laugh
now,
for
you
will
mourn
and
weep.
Alas
for
you
when
everyone
speaks
well
of
you;
for
this
is
what
their
ancestors
did
to
the
false
prophets.
But
to
you
who
hear
I
say –
love
your
enemies,
show
kindness
to
those
who
hate
you,
bless
those
who
curse
you,
pray
for
those
who
insult
you.
When
someone
gives
one
of
you
a
blow
on
the
cheek,
offer
the
other
cheek
as
well;
and,
when
anyone
takes
away
your
cloak,
do
not
keep
back
your
coat
either.
Give
to
everyone
who
asks
of
you;
and,
when
anyone
takes
away
what
is
yours,
do
not
demand
its
return.
Do
to
others
as
you
wish
them
to
do
to
you.
If
you
love
only
those
who
love
you,
what
thanks
will
be
due
to
you?
Why,
even
the
outcast
love
those
who
love
them!
For,
if
you
show
kindness
only
to
those
who
show
kindness
to
you,
what
thanks
will
be
due
to
you?
Even
the
outcast
do
that!
If
you
lend
only
to
those
from
whom
you
expect
to
get
something,
what
thanks
will
be
due
to
you?
Even
the
outcast
lend
to
the
outcast
in
the
hope
of
getting
as
much
in
return!
But
love
your
enemies,
and
show
them
kindness,
and
lend
to
them,
never
despairing.
Then
your
reward
will
be
great,
and
you
will
be
sons
of
the
Most
High,
for
he
is
kind
to
the thankless
and
the
bad.
Learn
to
be
merciful –
even
as
your
Father
is
merciful.
Do
not
judge,
and
you
will
not
be
judged;
do
not
condemn,
and
you
will
not
be
condemned.
Forgive,
and
you
will
be
forgiven.
Give,
and
others
will
give
to
you.
A
generous
measure,
pressed
and
shaken
down,
and
running
over,
will
they
pour
into
your
lap;
for
the
standard
you
use
will
be
the
standard
used
for
you.”
Then,
speaking
in
parables,
Jesus
said, “Can
one
blind
person
guide
another?
Will
they
not
both
fall
into
a
ditch?
A student
is
not
above
their
teacher;
yet
every
finished student
will
be
like
their
teacher.
And
why
do
you
look
at
the
speck
of sawdust
in
someone’s
eye,
while
you
pay
no
attention
at
all
to
the plank
of
wood
in
your
own?
How
can
you
say
to
your
friend ‘Friend,
let
me
take
out
the
speck
in
your
eye,’
while
you
yourself
do
not
see
the plank
in
your
own?
Hypocrite!
Take
out
the plank
from
your
own
eye
first,
and
then
you
will
see
clearly
how
to
take
out
the
speck
in
your
friend’s.
There
is
no
such
thing
as
a
good
tree
bearing
worthless
fruit,
or,
on
the
other
hand,
a
worthless
tree
bearing
good
fruit.
For
every
tree
is
known
by
its
own
fruit.
People
do
not
gather
figs
off
thorn
bushes,
nor
pick
a
bunch
of
grapes
off
a
bramble.
A
good
person,
from
the
good
stores
of
their
heart,
brings
out
what
is
good;
while
a
bad
person,
from
their
bad
stores,
brings
out
what
is
bad.
For
what
fills
someone’s
heart
will
rise
to
their
lips.
Why
do
you
call
me ‘Master!
Master!’
and
yet
fail
to
do
what
I
tell
you?
Everyone
who
comes
to
me
and
listens
to
my
teaching
and
acts
on
it –
I
will
show
you
to
whom
they
may
be
compared.
They
may
be
compared
to
a
person
building
a
house,
who
dug,
and
went
deep,
and
laid
the
foundation
on
the
rock.
Then,
when
a
flood
came,
the
river
swept
down
on
that
house,
but
had
no
power
to
shake
it,
because
it
had
been
built
well.
But
those
who
have
listened
and
not
acted
on
what
they
have
heard
may
be
compared
to
a
person
who
built
a
house
on
the
ground
without
any
foundation.
The
river
swept
down
on
it,
and
the
house
immediately
collapsed;
and
great
was
the
crash
that
followed.”
p
When
Jesus
had
brought
to
a
conclusion
all
that
he
had
then
had
to
say
to
the
people,
he
entered
Capernaum.
A
centurion
in
the Roman
army
had
a
slave
whom
he
valued,
and
who
was
seriously
ill –
almost
at
the
point
of
death.
And,
hearing
about
Jesus,
he
sent
some
Jewish
elders
to
him,
with
the
request
that
he
would
come
and
save
his
slave’s
life.
When
they
found
Jesus,
they
earnestly
implored
him
to
do
so. “He
deserves
the
favor
from
you,”
they
said,
“For
he
is
devoted
to
our
nation,
and
himself
built
our
synagogue
for
us.”
So
Jesus
went
with
them.
But,
when
he
was
no
great
distance
from
the
house,
the
centurion
sent
some
friends
with
the
message – “Do
not
trouble
yourself,
Sir;
for
I
am
unworthy
to
receive
you
under
my
roof.
That
was
why
I
did
not
even
venture
to
come
to
you
myself;
but
speak,
and
let
my
manservant
be
cured.
For
I
myself
am
a
man
under
the
orders
of
others,
with
soldiers
under
me;
and
if
I
say
to
one
of
them ‘Go,’
he
goes,
and
to
another ‘Come,’
he
comes,
and
to
my
slave ‘Do
this,’
he
does
it.”
Jesus
was
surprised
to
hear
these
words
from
him;
and,
turning
to
the
crowd
which
was
following
him,
he
said,
“I
tell
you,
nowhere
in
Israel
have
I
met
with
such
faith
as
this!”
And,
when
the
messengers
returned
to
the
house,
they
found
the
slave
recovered.
Shortly
after,
Jesus
went
to
a
town
called
Nain,
his
disciples
and
a
great
crowd
going
with
him.
Just
as
he
approached
the
gate
of
the
town,
there
was
a
dead
man
being
carried
out
for
burial –
an
only
son,
and
his
mother
was
a
widow.
A
large
number
of
the
people
of
the
town
were
with
her.
When
he
saw
her,
the
Master
was
moved
with
compassion
for
her,
and
he
said
to
her,
“Do
not
weep.”
Then
he
went
up
and
touched
the
bier,
and
the
bearers
stopped;
and
Jesus
said,
“Young
man,
I
am
speaking
to
you –
Rise!”
The
dead
man
sat
up
and
began
to
talk,
and
Jesus
restored
him
to
his
mother.
Everyone
was awe-struck
and
began
praising
God. “A
great
prophet
has
arisen
among
us,”
they
said. “God
has
visited
his
people.”
And
this
story
about
Jesus
spread
all
through
Judea,
and
in
the
neighboring
countries
as
well.
All
these
events
were
reported
to
John
by
his
disciples.
So
he
summoned
two
of
them,
and
sent
them
to
the
Master
to
ask – “Are
you ‘the
coming
one,’
or
are
we
to
look
for
someone
else?”
When
these
men
found
Jesus,
they
said, “John
the Baptist
has
sent
us
to
you
to
ask –
Are
you ‘the
coming
one,’
or
are
we
to
look
for somebody
else?”
At
that
very
time
Jesus
had
cured
many
people
of
diseases,
afflictions,
and
wicked
spirits,
and
had
given
many
blind
people
their
sight.
So
his
answer
to
the
question
was,
“Go
and
report
to
John
what
you
have
witnessed
and
heard –
the
blind
recover
their
sight,
the
lame
walk,
the
lepers
are
made
clean,
and
the
deaf
hear,
the
dead
are
raised
to
life,
the
good
news
is
told
to
the
poor.
And
blessed
is
the
person
who
finds
no hindrance
in
me.”
When
John’s
messengers
had
left,
Jesus,
speaking
to
the
crowds,
began
to
say
with
reference
to
John,
“What
did
you
go
out
into
the
wilderness
to
look
at?
A
reed
waving
in
the
wind?
If
not,
what
did
you
go
out
to
see?
A
man
dressed
in
rich
clothing?
Why,
those
who
are
accustomed
to
fine
clothes
and
luxury
live
in
royal
palaces.
What
then
did
you
go
to
see?
A
prophet?
Yes,
I
tell
you,
and
far
more
than
a
prophet.
This
is
the
man
of
whom
scripture
says –
‘I
am
sending
my
messenger
ahead
of
you,
and
he
will
prepare
your
way
before
you.’
There
is,
I
tell
you,
no
one
born
of
a
woman
who
is
greater
than
John;
and
yet
the
least
in
the
kingdom
of
God
is
greater
than
he.”
(All
the
people,
when
they
heard
this,
and
even
the
tax
collectors,
having
accepted
John’s baptism,
acknowledged
the
justice
of
God.
But
the
Pharisees
and
the students
of
the
Law,
having
rejected John’s baptism,
frustrated
God’s
purpose
in
regard
to
them.)
“To
what
then,”
Jesus
continued,
“should
I
compare
the
people
of
the
present
generation?
What
are
they
like?
They
are
like
some
little
children
who
are
sitting
in
the marketplace
and
calling
out
to
one
another – ‘We
have
played
the
flute
for
you,
but
you
have
not
danced;
We
have
wailed,
but
you
have
not
wept!’
For
now
that
John
the Baptist
has
come,
not
eating
bread
or
drinking
wine,
you
are
saying ‘He
has
a
demon
in him’;
and
now
that
the
Son
of
Man
has
come,
eating
and
drinking,
you
are
saying ‘Here
is
a
glutton
and
a wine-drinker,
a
friend
of
tax
collectors
and
outcasts.’
And
yet
wisdom
is
vindicated
by
all
her
children.”
p
One
of
the
Pharisees
asked
Jesus
to
dine
with
him,
so
Jesus
went
to
his
house
and
took
his
place
at
the
table.
Just
then
a
woman,
who
was
an
outcast
in
the
town,
having
heard
that
Jesus
was
eating
in
the
Pharisee’s
house,
brought
an
alabaster
jar
of
perfume,
and
placed
herself
behind
Jesus,
near
his
feet,
weeping.
Then
she
began
to
make
his
feet
wet
with
her
tears,
and
she
dried
them
with
the
hair
of
her
head,
repeatedly
kissing
his
feet
and
anointing
them
with
the
perfume.
When
the
Pharisee
who
had
invited
Jesus
saw
this,
he
said
to
himself, “Had
this
man
been ‘the
prophet,’
he
would
have
known
who,
and
what
sort
of
woman,
this
is
who
is
touching
him,
and
that
she
is
an
outcast.”
But,
addressing
him,
Jesus
said,
“Simon,
I
have
something
to
say
to
you.”
“Pray
do
so,
teacher,”
Simon
answered;
and
Jesus
began,
“There
were
two
people
who
were
in
debt
to
a
moneylender;
one
owed
five
hundred
silver coins,
and
the
other
fifty.
As
they
were
unable
to
pay,
he
forgave
them
both.
Which
of
them,
do
you
think,
will
love
him
the
more?”
“I
suppose,”
answered
Simon, “it
will
be
the
man
to
whom
he
forgave
the
greater
debt.”
“You
are
right,”
said
Jesus,
and
then,
turning
to
the
woman,
he
said
to
Simon,
“Do
you
see
this
woman?
I
came
into
your
house –
you
gave
me
no
water
for
my
feet,
but
she
has
made
my
feet
wet
with
her
tears
and
dried
them
with
her
hair.
You
did
not
give
me
one
kiss,
but
she,
from
the
moment
I
came
in,
has
not
ceased
to
kiss
my
feet.
You
did
not
anoint
even
my
head
with
oil,
but
she
has
anointed
my
feet
with
perfume.
So
I
tell
you,
her
great
love
shows
that
her
sins,
many
as
they
are,
have
been
pardoned.
One
who
is
pardoned
little
loves
little.”
Then
he
said
to
the
woman,
“Your
sins
have
been
pardoned.”
The
other
guests
began
to
say
to
one
another, “Who
is
this
man
who
even
pardons
sins?”
But
Jesus
said
to
the
woman,
“Your
faith
has
delivered
you;
go,
and
peace
be
with
you.”
Shortly
afterward,
Jesus
went
on
a
journey
through
the
towns
and
villages,
proclaiming
the
good
news
of
the
kingdom
of
God.
With
him
went
the
Twelve,
as
well
as
some
women
who
had
been
cured
of
wicked
spirits
and
of infirmities.
They
were
Mary,
known
as
Mary
of Magdala (from
whom
seven
demons
had
been
expelled),
and
Joanna (the
wife
of
Herod’s
steward,
Chuza),
and Susannah,
and
many
others –
all
of
whom
provided
for
Jesus
and
his apostles
out
of
their
own resources.
Once,
when
a
great
crowd
was
collecting,
and,
when
the
people
of
town
after
town
were flocking
to
Jesus,
he
spoke
to
them
in
the
form
of
a
parable,
“The
sower
went
out
to
sow
his
seed;
and,
as
he
was
sowing,
some
of
the
seed
fell
along
the
path
and
was
trodden
on;
and
the
wild
birds
ate
it
up.
Other
seed
fell
on
rock,
and,
as
soon
as
it
began
to
grow,
because
it
had
no
moisture,
it
withered
away.
Other
seed
fell
in
the
middle
of
brambles,
but
the
brambles
grew
up
with
it
and choked
it
entirely.
Other
seed
fell
into
rich
soil,
and
grew,
and
gave
a
hundredfold
return.”
After
saying
this,
Jesus
cried
aloud,
“Let
those
who
have
ears
to
hear
with
hear.”
His
disciples
asked
Jesus
the
meaning
of
this
parable.
“To
you,”
he
said,
“the
knowledge
of
the
hidden truths
of
the
kingdom
of
God
has
been
imparted,
but
to
others
in
parables
only,
so
that
though
they
have
eyes
they
may
not
see,
and
though
they
have
ears,
they
may
not
understand.
This
is
the
parable –
The
seed
is
God’s
message.
By
the
seed
which
fell
along
the
path
are
meant
those
who
hear
the
message;
but
then
comes
the
devil
and
carries
away
the
message
from
their
minds,
to
prevent
their
believing
it
and
being
saved.
By
the
seed
which
fell
on
the
rock
are
meant
those
who,
as
soon
as
they
hear
the
message,
welcome
it
joyfully;
but
they
have
no
root,
and
believe
it
only
for
a
time,
and,
when
the
time
of
temptation
comes,
they
draw
back.
By
that
which
fell
among
the
brambles
are
meant
those
who
hear
the
message,
but
who,
as
they
go
on
their
way,
are
completely
choked
by
this world’s
cares
and
wealth
and
pleasures,
and
bring
nothing
to
perfection.
But
by
that
in
the
good
ground
are
meant
those
who,
having
heard
the
message,
keep
it
in
the
good,
rich
soil
of
their
hearts,
and
patiently
yield
a
return.
“No
one
sets
light
to
a
lamp
and
then
covers
it
with
a
bowl
or
puts
it
underneath
a
couch,
but
they
put
it
on
a lamp-stand,
so
that
anyone
who
comes
in
may
see
the
light.
Nothing
is
hidden
which
will
not
be
brought
into
the
light
of
day,
not
ever
kept
hidden
which
will
not
some
day
become
known
and
come
into
the
light
of
day.
Take
care,
then,
how
you
listen.
For,
to
all
those
who
have,
more
will
be
given;
while,
from
all
those
who
have
nothing,
even
what
they
seem
to
have
will
be
taken
away.”
p
Presently
Jesus’
mother
and
brothers
came
where
he
was,
but
they
were
not
able
to
join
him
because
of
the
crowd.
So
word
was
brought
to
him – ‘Your
mother
and
your
brothers
are
standing
outside,
wanting
to
see
you.’
His
reply,
spoken
to
them
all,
was,
“My
mother
and
my
brothers
are
those
who
listen
to
God’s
teaching
and
do
what
it
says.”
One
day
about
that
time,
Jesus
got
into
a
boat
with
his
disciples
and
said
to
them,
“Let
us
go
across
the
lake.”
So
they
put
off.
While
they
were
sailing,
Jesus
fell
asleep.
A squall
swept
down
on
the
lake,
and
their
boat
was
filling
and
they
were
in
danger.
So
the
disciples
came
and
roused
him. “Sir,
Sir,”
they
cried, “we
are
lost!”
Jesus
rose
and
rebuked
the
wind
and
the
rushing
waves,
and
they
fell,
and
a
calm
followed.
“Where
is
your
faith?”
he
exclaimed.
But
in
great
awe
and
amazement
they
said
to
one
another, “Who
can
this
be,
who
commands
even
the
winds
and
the
waves,
and
they
obey
him?”
They
reached
the
region
of
the
Gerasenes,
which
is
on
the
opposite
side
to
Galilee,
and,
on
getting
ashore,
Jesus
met
a
man,
who
had
demons
in
him,
coming
out
of
the
town.
For
a
long
time
this
man
had
worn
no
clothing,
and
he
had
not
lived
in
a
house,
but
in
the
tombs.
Catching
sight
of
Jesus,
he shrieked
out
and
threw
himself
down
before
him,
and
in
a
loud
voice
exclaimed, “What
do
you
want
with
me,
Jesus,
Son
of
the
Most
High
God?
I
beg
you
not
to
torment
me.”
For
Jesus
was
commanding
the
foul
spirit
to
come
out
of
the
man.
On
many
occasions
it
had
seized
him,
and,
even
when
secured
with
chains
and
fetters,
and
watched,
he
would
break
through
anything
that
bound
him,
and
be
driven
by
the
demon
into
the wilds.
“What
is
your
name?”
Jesus
asked.
“Legion,”
he
answered (for
many
demons
had
taken
possession
of
him);
and
the
demons
begged
Jesus
not
to
order
them
away
into
the bottomless
pit.
There
was
a
herd
of
many
pigs
close
by
feeding
on
the hill-side;
and
the
demons
begged
Jesus
to
give
them
leave
to
enter
into
them.
Jesus
gave
them
leave.
They
came
out
from
the
man
and
took
possession
of
the
pigs;
and
the
herd
rushed
down
the
steep
slope
into
the
lake
and
were
drowned.
When
the
men
who tended
them
saw
what
had
happened,
they
ran
away,
and
carried
the
news
to
the
town,
and
to
the
country
around.
The
people
went
out
to
see
what
had
happened,
and,
when
they
came
to
Jesus,
they
found
the
man
from
whom
the
demons
had
gone
out,
sitting,
clothed
and
in
his
right
mind,
at
Jesus’
feet;
and
they
were awe-struck.
Those
who
had
seen
it
told
them
how
the
possessed
man
had
been
delivered.
Then
all
the
people
in
the
region
of
the
Gerasenes
asked
Jesus
to
leave
them,
for
they
were
terrified.
Jesus
got
into
a
boat
and
returned.
The
man
from
whom
the
demons
had
gone
out
begged
Jesus
to
let
him
be
with
him;
but
Jesus
sent
him
away.
“Go
back
to
your
home,”
he
said,
“and
relate
the
story
of
all
that
God
has
done
for
you.”
So
the
man
went
through
the
whole
town
and
proclaimed,
as
he
went,
all
that
Jesus
had
done
for
him.
On
his
return,
Jesus
was
welcomed
by
the
people;
for
everyone
was
looking
out
for
him.
And
a
man
named
Jairus,
who
was
a
synagogue
leader,
came
to
Jesus,
and
threw
himself
at
Jesus’
feet,
with entreaties
that
he
would
come
to
his
house,
because
his
only
daughter,
who
was
about
twelve
years
old,
was
dying.
As
Jesus
was
going,
the
people
were
pressing
closely
around
him.
And
a
woman,
who
had
suffered
from
hemorrhage
for
twelve
years,
and
whom
no
one
could
cure,
came
up
behind
and
touched
the
tassel
of
his
cloak.
Instantly
the
hemorrhage
ceased.
“Who
touched
me?”
Jesus
asked;
and,
while
everyone
was
denying
having
done
so,
Peter
exclaimed, “Why,
Sir,
the
people
are
crowding
around
you
and
pressing
against
you!”
“Somebody
touched
me,”
said
Jesus,
“for
I
felt
that
power
had
gone
out
from
me.”
Then
the
woman,
when
she
saw
that
she
was
discovered,
came
forward
trembling,
and
threw
herself
down
before
him;
and,
in
the
presence
of
all
the
people,
she
told
him
her
reason
for
touching
him,
and
that
she
had
been
cured
instantly.
“Daughter,”
he
said,
“your
faith
has
delivered
you.
Go,
and
peace
be
with
you.”
Before
he
had
finished
speaking,
someone
came
from
the
house
of
the synagogue
leader
and
said, “Your
daughter
is
dead!
Do
not
trouble
the
teacher
further.”
But
Jesus,
hearing
this,
spoke
to
the
leader,
“Do
not
be
afraid;
only
have
faith,
and
she
will
yet
be
delivered.”
When
he
reached
the
house,
he
did
not
allow
anyone
to
go
in
with
him,
except
Peter,
John,
and
James,
and
the
child’s
father
and
mother.
And
everyone
was
weeping
and
mourning
for
her.
“Do
not
weep,”
Jesus
said,
“she
is
not
dead;
she
is
asleep.”
They
began
to
laugh
at
him,
for
they
knew
that
she
was
dead.
But,
taking
her
by
the
hand,
Jesus
said
in
a
loud
voice,
“Child,
rise!”
The
child’s
spirit
returned
to
her,
and
she
instantly
stood
up;
and
Jesus
ordered
them
to
give
her
something
to
eat.
Her
parents
were
amazed,
but
Jesus
impressed
on
them
that
they
were
not
to
tell
anyone
what
had
happened.
Jesus
called
the
Twelve
together,
and
gave
them
power
and
authority
over
all
demons,
as
well
as
to
cure
diseases.
He
sent
them
out
as
his
messengers,
to
proclaim
the
kingdom
of
God,
and
to
work cures.
“Do
not,”
he
said
to
them,
“take
anything
for
your
journey;
not
even
a
staff,
or
a
bag,
or
bread,
or
any
silver,
or
a
change
of
clothes
with
you.
Whatever
house
you
go
to
stay
in,
remain
there,
and
leave
from
that
place.
If
people
do
not
welcome
you,
as
you
leave
that
town,
shake
even
the
dust
off
your
feet,
as
a
protest
against
them.”
Then
they
set
out
and
went
from
village
to
village,
telling
the
good
news
and curing
people
everywhere.
Herod
the
ruler
heard
of
all
that
was
happening,
and
was
perplexed,
because
it
was
said
by
some
that
John
must
be
risen
from
the
dead.
Some
again
said
that
Elijah
had
appeared,
and
others
that
one
of
the
old
prophets
had
risen
again.
But
Herod
himself
said, “John
I
beheaded;
but
who
is
this
of
whom
I
hear
such
things?”
And
he endeavored
to
see
him.
When
the apostles
returned,
they
related
to
Jesus
all
that
they
had
done.
Then
Jesus
went
privately
to
a
town
called Bethsaida,
taking
the apostles
with
him.
But
the
people
recognized
him
and
followed
him
in
crowds;
and
Jesus
welcomed
them
and
spoke
to
them
about
the
kingdom
of
God,
while
he
cured
those
who
were
in
need
of
help.
The
day
was
drawing
to
a
close,
when
the
twelve
came
up
to
him,
and
said, “Send
the
crowd
away,
so
that
they
may
make
their
way
to
the
villages
and farms
around
about,
and
find
themselves
lodgings
and
provisions,
for
we
are
in
a
lonely
spot
here.”
But
Jesus
said,
“It
is
for
you
to
give
them
something
to
eat.”
“We
have
not
more
than
five
loaves
and
two
fish,”
they
answered. “Unless
indeed
we
are
to
go
and
buy
food
for
all
these
people.”
(For
the
men
among
them
were
about
five
thousand.)
“Get
them
seated
in
companies,”
was
his
reply,
“about
fifty
in
each.”
This
they
did,
and
got
all
the
people
seated.
Taking
the
five
loaves
and
the
two
fish,
Jesus
looked
up
to
heaven
and
said
the
blessing
over
them.
Then
he
broke
them
in
pieces,
and
gave
them
to
his
disciples
to
set
before
the
people.
Everyone
had
sufficient
to
eat,
and
what
was
left
of
the
broken
pieces
was
picked
up –
twelve
baskets.
Afterward,
when
Jesus
was
alone,
praying,
his
disciples
joined
him,
and
he
asked
them
this
question –
“Who
do
the
people
say
that
I
am?”
“John
the Baptist,”
was
their
answer. “Others,
however,
say
that
you
are
Elijah,
while
others
say
that
one
of
the
old
prophets
has
risen
again.”
“But
you,”
he
went
on,
“who
do
you
say
that
I
am?”
And
to
this
Peter
answered, “The
Christ
of
God.”
Jesus,
however,
strictly
charged
them
not
to
say
this
to
anyone;
he
told
them
that
the
Son
of
Man
must
undergo
much
suffering,
and
be
rejected
by
the
elders,
and
chief
priests,
and
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
be
put
to
death,
and
rise
on
the
third
day.
And
to
all
present
he
said,
“If
any
one
wishes
to
walk
in
my
steps,
they
must renounce self,
and
take
up
their
cross
daily,
and
follow
me.
For
whoever
wishes
to
save
their
life
will
lose
it,
and
whoever,
for
my
sake,
loses
his
life –
that
person
will
save
it.
What
good
does
it
do
someone
if,
when
they
has
gained
the
whole
world,
they
has
lost
or
forfeited
themselves?
Whoever
is
ashamed
of
me
and
of
my
teaching,
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
ashamed
of
them,
when
he
comes
in
his
glory
and
the
glory
of
the
father
and
of
the
holy
angels.
Indeed,
I
tell
you,
some
who
are
standing
before
me
will
not
know
death,
until
they
have
seen
the
kingdom
of
God.”
p
About
eight
days
after
speaking
these
words,
Jesus
went
up
the
mountain
to
pray,
taking
with
him
Peter,
John,
and
James.
As
he
was
praying,
the aspect
of
his
face
was
changed,
and
his
clothing
became
a
dazzling
white.
And
all
at
once
two
men
were
talking
with
Jesus;
they
were
Moses
and
Elijah,
who
appeared
in
a
glorified
state,
and
spoke
of
his
departure,
which
was
destined
to
take
place
at
Jerusalem.
Peter
and
his
companions
had
been
overpowered
by
sleep
but,
suddenly
becoming
wide
awake,
they
saw
Jesus
glorified
and
the
two
men
who
were
standing
beside
him.
And,
as
Moses
and
Elijah
were
passing
away
from
Jesus,
Peter
exclaimed, “Sir,
it
is
good
to
be
here;
let
us
make
three
tents,
one
for
you,
and
one
for
Moses,
and
one
for
Elijah.”
He
did
not
know
what
he
was
saying;
and,
while
he
was
speaking,
a
cloud
came
down
and enveloped
them;
and
they
were
afraid,
as
they
passed
into
the
cloud;
and
from
the
cloud
came
a
voice
which
said – “This
is
my
Son,
the
Chosen
One;
him
you
must
hear.”
And,
as
the
voice
ceased,
Jesus
was
found
alone.
The apostles
kept
silence,
and
told
no
one
about
any
of
the
things
that
they
had
seen.
The
next
day,
when
they
had
come
down
from
the
mountain,
a
great
crowd
met
Jesus.
And
just
then
a
man
in
the
crowd
shouted
out, “Teacher,
I
entreat
you
to
look
at
my
son,
for
he
is
my
only
child;
all
at
once
a
spirit
will
seize
him,
suddenly shriek
out,
and
throw
him
into
convulsions
until
he
foams,
and
will
leave
him
only
when
he
is
utterly
exhausted.
I
entreated
your
disciples
to
drive
the
spirit
out,
but
they
could
not.”
“Faithless
and
perverse
generation!”
Jesus
exclaimed,
“How
long
must
I
be
with
you
and
have
patience
with
you?
Lead
your
son
here.”
While
the
boy
was
coming
up
to
Jesus,
the
demon
dashed
him
down
and
threw
him
into convulsions.
But
Jesus
rebuked
the
foul
spirit,
and
cured
the
boy,
and
gave
him
back
to
his
father.
And
all
present
were
struck
with
awe
at
the
majesty
of
God.
In
the
midst
of
the
general
astonishment
at
all
that
Jesus
was
doing,
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“Listen
carefully
to
my
words.
For
the
Son
of
Man
is
destined
to
be
betrayed
into
the
hands
of
his
fellow
men.”
But
the
disciples
did
not
understand
the
meaning
of
this;
it
had
been
concealed
from
them
so
that
they
did
not
see
it,
and
they
were
afraid
to
question
him
as
to
what
he
meant.
A discussion
arose
among
the
disciples
as
to
which
of
them
was
the
greatest;
and
Jesus,
knowing
of
the discussion
that
was
occupying
their
thoughts,
took
hold
of
a
little
child,
and
placed
it
beside
him,
and
then
said
to
them,
“Anyone
who,
for
the
sake
of
my
name,
welcomes
even
this
little
child
is welcoming
me;
and
anyone
who
welcomes
me
is welcoming
him
who
sent
me
as
his
messenger.
For
whoever
is
least
among
you
all –
that
person
is
great.”
John
said, “Sir,
we
saw
a
man
driving
out
demons
by
using
your
name,
and
we
tried
to
prevent
him,
because
he
does
not
follow
you
with
us.”
“None
of
you
must
prevent
him,”
Jesus
said
to
John,
“whoever
is
not
against
you
is
for
you.”
The
Journey
to
Jerusalem
As
the
days
before
his
being
taken
up
to
heaven
were
growing
few,
Jesus
set
his
face
resolutely
in
the
direction
of
Jerusalem;
and
he
sent
on
messengers
in
advance.
On
their
way,
they
went
into
a
Samaritan
village
to
make
preparations
for
him,
but
the
people
there
did
not
welcome
him,
because
his
face
was
set
in
the
direction
of
Jerusalem.
When
James
and
John
saw
this,
they
said, “Master,
do
you
wish
us
to
call
for
fire
to
come
down
from
the
heavens
and
consume
them?”
But
Jesus
turned
and
rebuked
them.
And
they
made
their
way
to
another
village.
p
And,
while
they
were
on
their
way,
a
man
said
to
Jesus, “I
will
follow
you
wherever
you
go.”
“Foxes
have
holes,”
he
replied,
“and
wild
birds
their
nests,
but
the
Son
of
Man
has
nowhere
to
lay
his
head.”
To
another
man
Jesus
said,
“Follow
me.”
“Let
me
first
go
and
bury
my
father,”
said
the
man.
But
Jesus
said,
“Leave
the
dead
to
bury
their
dead;
but
go
yourself
and
carry
far
and
wide
the
news
of
the
kingdom
of
God.”
“Master,”
said
another, “I
will
follow
you;
but
first
let
me
say goodbye
to
my
family.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“No
one
who
looks
back,
after
putting
their
hand
to
the
plow,
is
fitted
for
the
kingdom
of
God.”
After
this,
the
Master
appointed
seventy-two
other
disciples,
and
sent
them
on
as
his
messengers,
two
and
two,
in
advance,
to
every
town
and
place
that
he
was
himself
intending
to
visit.
“The
harvest,”
he
said,
“is
abundant,
but
the
laborers
are
few.
Therefore
pray
to
the
owner
of
the
harvest
to
send
laborers
to
gather
in
his
harvest.
Now,
go.
Remember,
I
am
sending
you
out
as
my
messengers
like
lambs
among
wolves.
Do
not
take
a
purse
with
you,
or
a
bag,
or
sandals;
and
do
not
stop
to
greet
anyone
on
your
journey.
Whatever
house
you
go
to
stay
at,
begin
by
praying
for
a
blessing
on
it.
Then,
if
anyone
there
is
deserving
of
a
blessing,
your
blessing
will
rest
on
him;
but
if
not,
it
will
come
back
on
yourselves.
Remain
at
that
same
house,
and
eat
and
drink
whatever
they
offer
you;
for
the
worker
is
worth
their
wages.
Do
not
keep
changing
from
one
house
to
another.
Whatever
town
you
visit,
if
the
people
welcome
you,
eat
what
is
set
before
you;
cure
the
sick
there,
and
tell
people
that
the
kingdom
of
God
is
close
at
hand.
But,
whatever
town
you
go
to
visit,
if
the
people
do
not
welcome
you,
go
out
into
its
streets
and
say
‘We
wipe
off
the
dust
of
your
town
which
has
clung
to
Our
feet;
still,
be
assured
that
the
kingdom
of
God
is
close
at
Hand.’
I
tell
you
that
the
doom
of
Sodom
will
be
more bearable
on
that
day
than
the
doom
of
that
town.
Alas
for
you,
Chorazin!
Alas
for
you, Bethsaida!
For,
if
the
miracles
which
have
been
done
in
you
had
been
done
in
Tyre
and
Sidon,
they
would
have
sat
in
sackcloth
and
ashes
and
repented
long
ago.
Yet
the
doom
of
Tyre
and
Sidon
will
be
more bearable
at
the
judgment
than
yours.
And
you,
Capernaum!
Will
you
exalt
yourself
to
heaven?
You
will
be flung
down
to Hades.
Anyone
who
listens
to
you
is
listening
to
me,
and
anyone
who
rejects
you
is rejecting
me;
while
the
person
who
rejects
me
is rejecting
him
who
sent
me
as
his
messenger.”
When
the
seventy-two
returned,
they
exclaimed
joyfully, “Master,
even
the
demons
submit
to
us
when
we
use
your
name.”
And
Jesus
replied,
“I
have
had
visions
of
Satan,
fallen,
like
lightning
from
the
heavens.
Remember,
I
have
given
you
the
power
to
trample
on
snakes
and
scorpions,
and
to
meet
all
the
strength
of
the
Enemy.
Nothing
will
ever
harm
you
in
any
way.
Yet
do
not
rejoice
in
the
fact
that
the
spirits
submit
to
you,
but
rejoice
that
your
names
have
been
enrolled
in
heaven.”
At
that
same
time,
moved
to
exultation
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
Jesus
said:
“I
thank
you,
Father,
Lord
of
heaven
and
earth,
that,
though
you
have
hidden
these
things
from
the
wise
and
learned,
you
have
revealed
them
to
the childlike!
Yes,
Father,
I
thank
you
that
this
has
seemed
good
to
you.
Everything
has
been
committed
to
me
by
my
Father;
nor
does
anyone
know
who
the
Son
is,
except
the
Father,
or
who
the
Father
is,
except
the
Son
and
those
to
whom
the
Son
may
choose
to
reveal
him.”
Then,
turning
to
his
disciples,
Jesus
said
to
them
alone,
“Blessed
are
the
eyes
that
see
what
you
are
seeing;
for,
I
tell
you,
many
prophets
and
kings
wished
for
the
sight
of
the
things
which
you
are
seeing,
yet
never
heard
them.”
p
Just
then
a student
of
the
Law
came
forward
to
test
Jesus
further. “Teacher,”
he
said, “what
must
I
do
if
I
am
to
gain
eternal
life?”
“What
is
said
in
the
Law?”
answered
Jesus.
“What
do
you
read
there?”
His
reply
was –
“You
must
love
the
Lord
your
God
with
all
your
heart,
and
with
all
your
soul,
and
with
all
your
strength,
and
with
all
your
mind;
and
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.”
“You
have
answered
right,”
said
Jesus,
“Do
that,
and
you
will
live.”
But
the
man,
wanting
to
justify
himself,
said
to
Jesus, “And
who
is
my
neighbor?”
To
which
Jesus
replied,
“A
man
was
once
going
down
from
Jerusalem
to
Jericho
when
he
fell
into
the
hands
of
robbers,
who
stripped
him
of
everything,
and
beat
him,
and
went
away
leaving
him
half
dead.
As
it chanced,
a
priest
was
going
down
by
that
road.
He
saw
the
man,
but
passed
by
on
the
opposite
side.
A
Levite,
too,
did
the
same;
he
came
up
to
the
spot,
but,
when
he
saw
the
man,
passed
by
on
the
opposite
side.
But
a
Samaritan,
traveling
that
way,
came
upon
the
man,
and,
when
he
saw
him,
he
was
moved
with
compassion.
He
went
to
him
and
bound
up
his
wounds, dressing
them
with
oil
and
wine,
and
then
put
him
on
his
own
mule,
and
brought
him
to
an
inn,
and
took
care
of
him.
The
next
day
he
took
out
two
silver coins
and
gave
them
to
the
innkeeper. ‘Take
care
of
him,’
he
said, ‘and
whatever
more
you
may
spend
I
will
myself
repay
you
on
my
way
back.’
Now
which,
do
you
think,
of
these
three
men,”
asked
Jesus, “proved
himself
a
neighbor
to
the
man
who
fell
into
the
robbers’
hands?”
“The
one
that
took
pity
on
him,”
was
the
answer;
at
which
Jesus
said,
“Go
and
do
the
same
yourself.”
As
they
continued
their
journey,
Jesus
came
to
a
village,
where
a
woman
named
Martha
welcomed
him
to
her
house.
She
had
a
sister
called
Mary,
who
seated
herself
at
the
Master’s
feet,
and
listened
to
his
teaching;
but
Martha
was
distracted
by
the
many
preparations
that
she
was
making.
So
she
went
up
to
Jesus
and
said, “Master,
do
you
approve
of
my
sister’s
leaving
me
to
make
preparations
alone?
Tell
her
to
help
me.”
“Martha,
Martha,”
replied
the
Master,
“you
are
anxious
and
trouble
yourself
about
many
things;
but
only
a
few
are
necessary,
or
rather
one.
Mary
has
chosen
the
good
part,
and
it
will
not
be
taken
away
from
her.”
One
day
Jesus
was
at
a
certain
place
praying,
and,
when
he
had
finished,
one
of
his
disciples
said
to
him, “Master,
teach
us
to
pray,
as
John
taught
his
disciples.”
“When
you
pray,”
Jesus
answered,
“say –
‘Father,
may
your
name
be
held
holy,
your
kingdom
come.
Give
us
each
day
the
bread
that
we
will
need;
and
forgive
us
our
sins,
for
we
ourselves
forgive
everyone
who
wrongs
us;
and
take
us
not
into
temptation.’”
Jesus
also
said
to
them,
“Suppose
that
one
of
you
who
has
a
friend
were
to
go
to
him
in
the
middle
of
the
night
and
say ‘Friend,
lend
me
three
loaves,
for
a
friend
of
mine
has
arrived
at
my
house
after
a
journey,
and
I
have
nothing
to
offer
him;’
And
suppose
that
the
other
should
answer
from
inside ‘Do
not
trouble
me;
the
door
is
already
fastened,
and
my
children
and
I
are
in
bed;
I
cannot
get
up
and
give
you anything’;
I
tell
you
that,
even
though
he
will
not
get
up
and
give
him
anything
because
he
is
a
friend,
yet
because
of
his persistence
he
will
rouse
himself
and
give
him
what
he
wants.
“And
so
I
say
to
you –
Ask,
and
your
prayer
will
be
granted,
search,
and
you
will
find;
knock,
and
the
door
will
be
opened
to
you.
For
the
person
who
asks
receives,
everyone
who
searches
finds,
and
to
the
person
who
knocks
the
door
will
be
opened.
What
father
among
you,
if
his
son
asks
him
for
a
fish,
will
give
him
a
snake
instead,
or,
if
he
asks
for
an
egg,
will
give
him
a
scorpion?
If
you,
then, naturally
wicked
though
you
are,
know
how
to
give
good
gifts
to
your
children,
how
much
more
will
the
Father
in
heaven
give
the
Holy
Spirit
to
those
who
ask
him!”
Once
Jesus
was
driving
out
a
mute
demon,
and,
when
the
demon
had
gone
out,
the
mute
man
spoke.
The
people
were
amazed
at
this;
but
some
of
them
said, “He
drives
out
demons
by
the
help
of Beelzebul,
the
chief
of
the
demons”;
while
others,
to
test
him,
asked
him
for
some
sign
from
the
heavens.
Jesus
himself,
however,
was
aware
of
what
they
were
thinking,
and
said
to
them,
“Any
kingdom
wholly
divided
against
itself
becomes
a
desolation;
and
a
divided
house
falls.
So,
too,
if
Satan
is
wholly
divided
against
himself,
how
can
his
kingdom
last?
Yet
you
say
that
I
drive
out
demons
by
the
help
of Beelzebul.
But,
if
it
is
by Beelzebul’s
help
that
I
drive
out
demons,
by
whose
help
is
it
that
your
own
sons
drive
them
out?
Therefore
they
will
themselves
be
your
judges.
But,
if
it
is
by
the
hand
of
God
that
I
drive
out
demons,
then
the
kingdom
of
God
must
already
be
upon
you.
When
a
strong
man
is
keeping
guard,
fully
armed,
over
his
own mansion,
his
property
is
in
safety;
but,
when
one
still
stronger
has
attacked
and
overpowered
him,
he
takes
away
all
the
weapons
on
which
the
other
had
relied,
and
divides
his
spoil.
Whoever
is
not
with
me
is
against
me,
and
the
person
who
does
not
help
me
to
gather
is
scattering.
No sooner
does
a
foul
spirit
leave
someone,
than
it
passes
through
places
where
there
is
no
water,
in
search
of
rest;
and
finding
none,
it
says ‘I
will
go
back
to
the
home
which
I left’;
but,
on
coming
there,
it
finds
it
unoccupied,
swept,
and
put
in
order.
Then
it
goes
and
brings
with
it
seven
other
spirits
more
wicked
than
itself,
and
they
go
in,
and
make
their
home
there;
and
the
last
state
of
that
person
proves
to
be
worse
than
the
first.”
As
Jesus
was
saying
this,
a
woman
in
the
crowd,
raising
her
voice,
exclaimed, “Happy
was
the
mother
who
bore
you
and
nursed
you!”
But
Jesus
replied,
“Rather,
happy
are
those
who
listen
to
God’s
message
and
keep
it.”
p
As
the
crowds
increased,
Jesus
began
to
speak,
“This
generation
is
a
wicked
generation.
It
is
asking
a
sign,
but
no
sign
will
be
given
it
except
the
sign
of
Jonah.
For,
as
Jonah
became
a
sign
to
the
people
of
Nineveh,
so
will
the
Son
of
Man
be
to
this
generation.
At
the
judgment
the
Queen
of
the
South
will
rise
up
with
the
people
of
this
generation,
and
will
condemn
them,
because
she
came
from
the
ends
of
the
earth
to
listen
to
the
wisdom
of
Solomon;
and
here
is
more
than
a
Solomon!
At
the
judgment
the
men
of
Nineveh
will
stand
up
with
this
generation,
and
will
condemn
it,
because
they
repented
at
Jonah’s
proclamation;
and
here
is
more
than
a
Jonah!
No
one
lights
a
lamp,
and
then
puts
it
in
the
cellar
or
under
a
basket,
but
he
puts
it
on
the lamp-stand,
so
that
anyone
who
comes
in
may
see
the
light.
The
lamp
of
the
body
is
your
eye.
When
your
eye
is unclouded,
your
whole
body,
also,
is
lit
up;
but,
as
soon
as
your
eye
is
diseased,
your
body,
also,
is
darkened.
Take
care,
therefore,
that
the
inner
light
is
not
darkness.
If,
then,
your
whole
body
is
lit
up,
and
no
corner
of
it
darkened,
the
whole
will
be
lit
up,
just
as
when
a
lamp
gives
you
light
by
its brilliance.”
p
As
Jesus
finished
speaking,
a
Pharisee
asked
him
to breakfast
with
him,
and
Jesus
went
in
and
took
his
place
at
the
table.
The
Pharisee
noticed,
to
his
astonishment,
that
Jesus omitted
the
ceremonial
washing
before breakfast.
But
the
Master
said
to
him,
“You
Pharisees
do,
it
is
true,
clean
the
outside
of
the
cup
and
of
the
plate,
but
inside
you
yourselves
are
filled
with
greed
and
wickedness.
Fools!
Did
not
the
maker
of
the
outside
make
the
inside
too?
Only
give
away
what
is
in
them
in
charity,
and
at
once
you
have
the
whole
clean.
But
alas
for
you
Pharisees!
You
pay
tithes
on
mint,
rue,
and
herbs
of
all
kinds,
and
pass
over
justice
and
love
to
God.
These
last
you
ought
to
have
put
into
practice
without
neglecting
the
first.
Alas
for
you
Pharisees!
You
delight
to
have
the
front
seat
in
the
synagogues,
and
to
be
greeted
in
the markets
with
respect.
Alas
for
you!
You
are
like unsuspected
graves,
over
which
men
walk
unawares.”
Here
one
of
the students
of
the
Law interrupted
him
by
saying, “Teacher,
when
you
say
this,
you
are insulting
us
also.”
But
Jesus
went
on,
“Alas
for
you,
too,
you students
of
the
Law!
You
load
people
with
loads
that
are
too
heavy
to
carry,
but
do
not,
yourselves,
touch
them
with
one
of
your
fingers.
Alas
for
you!
You
build
the
monuments
of
the
prophets
whom
your
ancestors
killed.
You
are
actually
witnesses
to
your ancestors’
acts
and
show
your
approval
of
them,
because,
while
they
killed
the
prophets,
you
build
tombs
for
them.
That
is
why
the
wisdom
of
God
said – ‘I
will
send
to
them
prophets
and apostles,
some
of
whom
they
will
persecute
and
kill,
in
order
that
the
blood
of
all
the
prophets
that
has
been
spilt
since
the
creation
of
the
world
may
be
exacted
from
this
generation –
from
the
blood
of
Abel
down
to
the
blood
of
Zechariah,
who
was
slain
between
the
altar
and
the
house
of
God.’
Yes,
I
tell
you,
it
will
be
exacted
from
this
generation.
Alas
for
you students
of
the
Law!
You
have
taken
away
the
key
of
the
door
of
knowledge.
You
have
not
gone
in
yourselves
and
you
have
hindered
those
who
try
to
go
in.”
When
Jesus
left
the
house,
the
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees
began
to
press
him
hard
and
question
him
closely
on
many
subjects,
laying
traps
for
him,
so
as
to
seize
on
anything
that
he
might
say.
Meanwhile
the
people
had
gathered
in
thousands,
so
that
they
trod
on
one
another,
when
Jesus,
addressing
himself
to
his
disciples,
began
by
saying
to
them,
“Be
on
your
guard
against
the
leaven –
that
is,
the
hypocrisy –
of
the
Pharisees.
There
is
nothing,
however
covered
up,
which
will
not
be
uncovered,
nor
anything
kept
secret
which
will
not
become
known.
So
all
that
you
have
said
in
the
dark
will
be
heard
in
the
light,
and
what
you
have
spoken
in
the
ear,
within
closed
doors,
will
be
proclaimed
on
the
housetops.
To
you
who
are
my
friends
I
say,
Do
not
be
afraid
of
those
who
kill
the
body,
but
after
that
can
do
no
more.
I
will
show
you
of
whom
you
should
be
afraid.
Be
afraid
of
him
who,
after
killing
you,
has
the
power
to
fling
you
into Gehenna.
Yes,
I
say,
be
afraid
of
him.
Are
not
five
sparrows
sold
for
two
copper coins?
Yet
not
one
of
them
has
escaped
God’s
notice.
No,
even
the
hairs
of
your
head
are
all
numbered.
Do
not
be
afraid;
you
are
of
more
value
than
many
sparrows.
Everyone,
I
tell
you,
who
publicly
acknowledges
me,
the
Son
of
Man,
also,
will
acknowledge
before
God’s
angels;
but
the
person
who
publicly disowns
me
will
be
altogether disowned
before
God’s
angels.
Everyone
who
will
say
anything
against
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
forgiven,
but
for
the
person
who
slanders
the
Holy
Spirit
there
will
be
no
forgiveness.
Whenever
they
take
you
before
the
synagogue
Courts
or
the
magistrates
or
other
authorities,
do
not
be
anxious
as
to
how
you
will
defend
yourselves,
or
what
your
defense
will
be,
or
what
you
will
say;
for
the
Holy
Spirit
will
show
you
at
the
moment
what
you
ought
to
say.”
“Teacher,”
a
man
in
the
crowd
said
to
Jesus, “tell
my
brother
to
share
the
property
with
me.”
But
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Man,
who
made
me
a
judge
or
an arbiter
between
you?”
And
then
he
added,
“Take
care
to
keep
yourselves
free
from
every
form
of
covetousness;
for
even
in
the
height
of
their
prosperity
a
person’s
true
life
does
not
depend
on
what
they
have.”
Then
Jesus
told
them
this
parable –
“There
was
once
a
rich
man
whose
land
was
very
fertile;
and
he
began
to
ask
himself ‘What
will
I
do,
for
I
have
nowhere
to
store
my
crops?
This
is
what
I
will
do,’
he
said; ‘I
will
pull
down
my
barns
and
build
larger
ones,
and
store
all
my
grain
and
my
goods
in
them;
and
I
will
say
to
myself,
Now
you
have
plenty
of
good
things
put
by
for
many
years;
take
your
ease,
eat,
drink,
and
enjoy
yourself.’
But
God
said
to
the
man ‘Fool!
This
very
night
your
life
is
being
demanded;
and
as
for
all
you
have
prepared –
who
will
have
it?’
So
it
is
with
those
who
lay
by
wealth
for
themselves
and
are
not
rich
to
the
glory
of
God.”
And
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“That
is
why
I
say
to
you,
Do
not
be
anxious
about
the
life
here –
what
you
can
get
to
eat;
or
about
your
body –
what
you
can
get
to
wear.
For
life
is
more
than
food,
and
the
body
than
its
clothes.
Think
of
the
ravens –
they
neither
sow
nor
reap;
they
have
neither
storehouse
nor
barn;
and
yet
God
feeds
them!
And
how
much
more
precious
are
you
than
birds!
But
which
of
you,
by
being
anxious,
can
prolong
your
life
a
moment?
And,
if
you
cannot
do
even
the
smallest
thing,
why
be
anxious
about
other
things?
Think
of
the
lilies,
and
how
they
grow.
They
neither
toil
nor
spin;
yet,
I
tell
you,
even
Solomon
in
all
his
splendor
was
not robed
like
one
of
these.
If,
even
in
the
field,
God
so
clothes
the
grass
which
is
living
today
and
tomorrow
will
be
thrown
into
the
oven,
how
much
more
will
he
clothe
you,
you
of
little
faith!
And
you –
do
not
be
always
seeking
what
you
can
get
to
eat
or
what
you
can
get
to
drink;
and
do
not
waver.
These
are
the
things
for
which
all
the
nations
of
the
world
are
seeking,
and
your
Father
knows
that
you
need
them.
No,
seek
his
kingdom,
and
these
things
will
be
added
for
you.
So
do
not
be
afraid,
my
little
flock,
for
your
Father
has
been
pleased
to
give
you
the
kingdom.
“Sell
what
belongs
to
you,
and
give
in
charity.
Make
yourselves
purses
that
will
not
wear
out –
an inexhaustible
treasure
in
heaven,
where
no
thief
comes
near,
or
moth
works
ruin.
For
where
your
treasure
is,
there
also
will
your
heart
be.
Make
yourselves
ready,
with
your
lamps
alight;
and
be
like
servants
who
are
waiting
for
their
Master’s
return
from
his
wedding,
so
that,
when
he
comes
and
knocks,
they
may
open
the
door
for
him
at
once.
Happy
are
those
servants
whom,
on
his
return,
the
Master
will
find
watching.
I
tell
you
that
he
will
make
himself
ready,
and
have
them
take
their
places
at
the
table,
and
will
come
and
serve
them.
Whether
it
is
late
at
night,
or
in
the
early
morning
that
he
comes,
if
he
finds
all
as
it
should
be,
then
happy
are
they.
This
you
do
know,
that,
had
the
owner
of
the
house
known
at
what
time
the
thief
was
coming,
he
would
have
been
on
the
watch,
and
would
not
have
let
his
house
be
broken
into.
You
must
also
prepare,
for
when
you
are
least expecting
him
the
Son
of
Man
will
come.”
“Master,”
said
Peter, “are
you
telling
this
parable
with reference
to
us
or
to
everyone?”
“Who,
then,”
replied
the
Master,
“is
that
trustworthy
steward,
the
careful
man,
who
will
be
placed
by
his
master
over
his
establishment,
to
give
them
their
rations
at
the
proper
time?
Happy
will
that
servant
be
whom
his
master,
when
he
comes
home,
will
find
doing
this.
His
master,
I
tell
you,
will
put
him
in
charge
of
the
whole
of
his
property.
But
should
that
servant
say
to
himself ‘My
master
is
a
long
time
coming,’
and
begin
to
beat
the
menservants
and
the
maidservants,
and
to
eat
and
drink
and
get
drunk,
that
servant’s
master
will
come
on
a
day
when
he
does
not
expect
him,
and
at
an
hour
of
which
he
is
unaware,
and
will
flog
him
severely
and
assign
him
his
place
among
the untrustworthy.
The
servant
who
knows
his
master’s
wishes
and
yet
does
not
prepare
and
act
accordingly
will
receive
many
lashes;
while
one
who
does
not
know
his
master’s
wishes,
but
acts
so
as
to
deserve
a
flogging,
will
receive
but
few.
From
everyone
to
whom
much
has
been
given
much
will
be
expected,
and
from
the
man
to
whom
much
has
been
entrusted
the
more
will
be
demanded.
I
came
to
cast
fire
on
the
earth;
and
what
more
can
I
wish,
if
it
is
already
kindled?
There
is
a baptism
that
I
must
undergo,
and
how
great
is
my
distress
until
it
is
over!
Do
you
think
that
I
am
here
to
bring
peace
on
earth?
No,
I
tell
you,
but
to
cause
division.
For
from
this
time,
if
there
are
five
people
in
a
house,
they
will
be
divided,
three
against
two,
and
two
against
three.
Father
will
be
opposed
to
son
and
son
to
father,
mother
to
daughter
and
daughter
to
mother,
mother-in-law
to
her
daughter-in-law
and
daughter-in-law
to
her
mother-in-law.”
And
to
the
people
Jesus
said,
“When
you
see
a
cloud
rising
in
the
west,
you
say
at
once ‘There
is
a
storm
coming,’
and
come
it
does.
And
when
you
see
that
the
wind
is
in
the
south,
you
say ‘It
will
be
burning
hot,’
and
so
it
proves.
Hypocrites!
You
know
how
to
judge
of
the
earth
and
the
sky;
how
is
it,
then,
that
you
cannot
judge
of
this
time?
Why
don’t
you
yourselves
decide
what
is
right?
When,
for instance,
you
are
going
with
your
opponent
before
a
magistrate,
on
your
way
to
the
court
do
your
best
to
be
quit
of
him;
otherwise
he
might
drag
you
before
the
judge,
then
the
judge
will
hand
you
over
to
the bailiff
of
the
court,
and
the bailiff
throw
you
into
prison.
You
will
not,
I
tell
you,
come
out
until
you
have
paid
the
very
last
cent.”
p
Just
at
that
time
some
people
had
come
to
tell
Jesus
about
the
Galileans,
whose
blood
Pilate
had
mingled
with
the
blood
of
their
sacrifices.
“Do
you
suppose,”
replied
Jesus,
“that,
because
these
Galileans
have
suffered
in
this
way,
they
were
worse
sinners
than
any
other
Galileans?
No,
I
tell
you;
but,
unless
you
repent,
you
will
all
perish
as
they
did.
Or
those
eighteen
men
at
Siloam
on
whom
the
tower
fell,
killing
them
all,
do
you
suppose
that
they
were
worse
offenders
than
any
other
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem?
No,
I
tell
you;
but,
unless
you
repent,
you
will
all
perish
in
the
same
manner.”
And
Jesus
told
them
this
parable –
“A
man,
who
had
a
fig
tree
growing
in
his
vineyard,
came
to
look
for
fruit
on
it,
but
could
not
find
any.
So
he
said
to
his gardener ‘Three
years
now
I
have
come
to
look
for
fruit
on
this
fig
tree,
without
finding
any!
Cut
it
down.
Why
should
it
rob
the
soil?’
‘Leave
it
this
one
year
more,
Sir,’
the
man
answered, ‘until
I
have
dug
around
it
and manured
it.
Then,
if
it
bears
in
future,
well
and
good;
but
if
not,
you
can
have
it
cut
down.’”
Jesus
was
teaching
on
a
Sabbath
in
one
of
the
synagogues,
and
he
saw
before
him
a
woman
who
for
eighteen
years
had
suffered
from
weakness owing
to
her
having
an
evil
spirit
in
her.
She
was
bent
double,
and
was
wholly
unable
to
raise
herself.
When
Jesus
saw
her,
he
called
her
to
him,
and
said,
“Woman,
you
are
released
from
your
weakness.”
He
placed
his
hands
on
her,
and
she
was
instantly
made
straight,
and
began
to
praise
God.
But
the synagogue
leader,
indignant
that
Jesus
had
worked
the
cure
on
the
Sabbath, intervened
and
said
to
the
people, “There
are
six
days
on
which
work
ought
to
be
done;
come
to
be
cured
on
one
of
those,
and
not
on
the
Sabbath.”
“You
hypocrites!”
the
Master
answered
him.
“Does
not
everyone
of
you
let
your
ox
or
your
donkey
loose
from
its
manger,
and
take
it
out
to
drink,
on
the
Sabbath?
But
this
woman,
a
daughter
of
Abraham,
who
has
been
kept
in
bondage
by
Satan
for
now
eighteen
years,
ought
not
she
to
have
been
released
from
her
bondage
on
the
Sabbath?”
As
he
said
this,
his
opponents
all
felt
ashamed;
but
all
the
people
rejoiced
to
see
all
the
wonderful
things
that
he
was
doing.
So
Jesus
said,
“What
is
the
kingdom
of
God
like?
And
to
what
can
I
liken
it?
It
is
like
a
mustard
seed
which
a
man
took
and
put
in
his
garden.
The
seed
grew
and
became
a
tree,
and
the
wild
birds roosted
in
its
branches.”
And
again
Jesus
said,
“To
what
can
I
liken
the
kingdom
of
God?
It
is
like
some
yeast
which
a
woman
took
and
covered
in
three
pecks
of
flour,
until
the
whole
had
risen.”
Jesus
went
through
towns
and
villages,
teaching
as
he
went,
and
making
his
way towards
Jerusalem.
“Master,”
someone
asked, “are
there
but
few
in
the
path
of
salvation?”
And
Jesus
answered,
“Strive
to
go
in
by
the
narrow
door.
Many,
I
tell
you,
will
seek
to
go
in,
but
they
will
not
be
able,
when
once
the
master
of
the
house
has
got
up
and
shut
the
door,
while
you
begin
to
say,
as
you
stand
outside
and
knock, ‘Sir,
open
the
door
for
us.’
His
answer
will
be – ‘I
do
not
know
where
you
come
from.’
Then
you
will
begin
to
say ‘We
have
eaten
and
drunk
in
your
presence,
and
you
have
taught
in
our
streets,’
and
his
reply
will
be –
‘I
do
not
know
where
you
come
from.
Leave
my
presence,
all
you
who
are
living
in
wickedness.’
There,
there
will
be
weeping
and
grinding
of
teeth,
when
you
see
Abraham,
Isaac,
and
Jacob,
and
all
the
prophets,
in
the
kingdom
of
God,
while
you
yourselves
are
being
driven
outside.
People
will
come
from
East
and
West,
and
from
North
and
South,
and
take
their
places
at
the
banquet
in
the
kingdom
of
God.
There
are
some
who
are
last
now
who
will
then
be
first,
and
some
who
are
first
now
who
will
then
be
last!”
Just
then
some
Pharisees
came
up
to
Jesus
and
said, “Go
away
and
leave
this
place,
for
Herod
wants
to
kill
you.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“Go
and
say
to
that
fox ‘Look
you,
I
am
driving
out
demons
and
will
be completing
cures
today
and
tomorrow,
and
on
the
third
day
I
will
have
done.’
But
today
and
tomorrow
and
the
day
after
I
must
go
on
my
way,
because
it
cannot
be
that
a
prophet
should
meet
his
end
outside
Jerusalem.
Jerusalem!
Jerusalem!
You
who
slays
the
prophets
and
stones
the
messengers
sent
to
you –
Oh,
how
often
have
I
wished
to
gather
your
children
around
me,
as
a
hen
takes
her
brood
under
her
wings,
and
you
would
not
come!
Verily
your
house
is
left
to
you
desolate!
And
never,
I
tell
you,
will
you
see
me,
until
you
say –
‘Blessed
is
He
who
comes
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.’”
p
On
one
occasion,
as
Jesus
was
going,
on
a
Sabbath
into
the
house
of
one
of
the
leading
Pharisees
to
dine,
they
were
watching
him
closely.
There
he
saw
before
him
a
man
who
was
suffering
from
dropsy.
“Is
it allowable,”
said
Jesus,
addressing
the students
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees,
“to
work
a
cure
on
the
Sabbath,
or
is
it
not?”
They
remained
silent.
Jesus
took
hold
of
the
man
and
cured
him,
and
sent
him
away.
And
he
said
to
them,
“Which
of
you,
finding
that
your
son
or
your
ox
has
fallen
into
a
well,
will
not
immediately
pull
them
out
on
the
Sabbath
day?”
And
they
could
not
make
any
answer
to
that.
Observing
that
the
guests
were
choosing
the
best
places
for
themselves,
Jesus
told
them
this
parable –
“When
you
are
invited
by
anyone
to
a
wedding
banquet,
do
not
seat
yourself
in
the
best
place.
Someone
of
higher
rank
might
have
been
invited
by
your
host;
and
the
host
who
invited
you
both
will
come
and
say
to
you ‘Make
room
for
this
person,’
and
then
you
will
begin
in
confusion
to
take
the
lowest
place.
No,
when
you
are
invited,
go
and
take
the
lowest
place,
so
that,
when
the
host
who
has
invited
you
comes,
he
may
say
to
you ‘Friend,
come
higher up’;
and
then
you
will
be
honored
in
the
eyes
of
all
your
fellow
guests.
For
everyone
who
exalts
themselves
will
be
humbled,
and
everyone
who
humbles
themselves
will
be
exalted.”
Then
Jesus
went
on
to
say
to
the
man
who
had
invited
him,
“When
you
give
a breakfast
or
a
dinner,
do
not
ask
your
friends,
or
your
brothers
or
sisters,
or
your
relatives,
or
rich
neighbors,
because
they
might
invite
you
in
return,
and
so
you
should
be
repaid.
No,
when
you
entertain,
invite
the
poor,
the
crippled,
the
lame,
the
blind;
and
then
you
will
be
happy
indeed,
since
they
cannot
reward
you;
for
you
will
be
rewarded
at
the resurrection
of
the
just.”
One
of
the
guests
heard
what
he
said
and
exclaimed, “Happy
will
be
the
person
who
will
eat
bread
in
the
kingdom
of
God!”
But
Jesus
said
to
him,
“A
man
was
once
giving
a
great
dinner.
He
invited
many
people,
and
sent
his
servant,
when
it
was
time
for
the
dinner,
to
say
to
those
who
had
been
invited ‘Come,
for
everything
is
now
ready.’
They
all
with
one
accord
began
to
ask
to
be
excused.
The
first
said
to
the
servant ‘I
have
bought
a
field
and
am
obliged
to
go
and
look
at
it.
I
must
ask
you
to
consider
me
excused.’
The
next
said ‘I
have
bought
five
pairs
of
bullocks,
and
I
am
on
my
way
to
try
them.
I
must
ask
you
to
consider
me excused’;
while
the
next
said ‘I
am
just
married,
and
for
that
reason
I
am
unable
to
come.’
On
his
return
the
servant
told
his
master
all
these
answers.
Then
in
anger
the
owner
of
the
house
said
to
his
servant ‘Go
out
at
once
into
the
streets
and
alleys
of
the
town,
and
bring
in
here
the
poor,
and
the
crippled,
and
the
blind,
and
the
lame.’
Presently
the
servant
said ‘Sir,
your
order
has
been
carried
out,
and
still
there
is
room.’
‘Go
out,’
the
master
said, ‘into
the
roads
and hedgerows,
and
make
people
come
in,
so
that
my
house
may
be
filled;
for
I
tell
you
all
that
not
one
of
those
people
who
were
invited
will
taste
my
dinner.’”
One
day,
when
great
crowds
of
people
were
walking
with
Jesus,
he
turned
and
said
to
them,
“If
any
one
comes
to
me
and
does
not
hate
their
father,
and
mother,
and
wife,
and
children,
and
brothers,
and
sisters,
yes
and
even
their
life,
he
can
be
no
disciple
of
mine.
Whoever
does
not
carry
their
own
cross,
and
walk
in
my
steps,
can
be
no
disciple
of
mine.
Why,
which
of
you,
when
you
want
to
build
a
tower,
does
not
first
sit
down
and
reckon
the
cost,
to
see
if
you
have
enough
to
complete
it? –
Otherwise,
if
you
have
laid
the
foundation
and
are
not
able
to
finish
it,
everyone
who
sees
it
will
laugh
at
you,
and
say ‘Here
is
a
person
who
began
to
build
and
was
not
able
to
finish!’
Or
what
king,
when
he
is
setting
out
to
fight
another
king,
does
not
first
sit
down
and
consider
if
with
ten
thousand
men
he
is
able
to
meet
one
who
is
coming
against
him
with
twenty
thousand?
And
if
he
cannot,
then,
while
the
other
is
still
at
a
distance,
he
sends
envoys
and
asks
for
terms
of
peace.
And
so
with
everyone
of
you
who
does
not
bid
farewell
to
all
you
have –
you
cannot
be
a
disciple
of
mine.
Yes,
salt
is
good;
but,
if
the
salt
itself
should
lose
its
strength,
what
will
be
used
to
season
it?
It
is
not
fit
either
for
the
land
or
for
the
manure
heap.
People
throw
it
away.
Let
those
who
have
ears
to
hear
with
hear!”
The
tax
collectors
and
the
outcasts
were
all
drawing
near
to
Jesus
to
listen
to
him;
but
the
Pharisees
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
found
fault.
“This
man
always
welcomes
outcasts,
and
takes
meals
with
them!”
they
complained.
So
Jesus
told
them
this
parable –
“Who
among
you
who
has
a
hundred
sheep,
and
has
lost
one
of
them,
does
not
leave
the
ninety-nine
out
in
the
open
country,
and
go
after
the
lost
sheep
until
he
finds
it?
And,
when
he
has
found
it,
he
puts
in
on
his
shoulders
rejoicing;
and,
on
reaching
home,
he
calls
his
friends
and
his
neighbors
together,
and
says ‘Come
and
rejoice
with
me,
for
I
have
found
my
sheep
which
was
lost.’
So,
I
tell
you,
there
will
be
more
rejoicing
in
heaven
over
one
outcast
who
repents,
than
over
ninety-nine religious
people,
who
have
no
need
to
repent.
Or
again,
what
woman
who
has
ten
silver
coins,
if
she
loses
one
of
them,
does
not
light
a
lamp,
and
sweep
the
house,
and
search
carefully
until
she
finds
it?
And,
when
she
has
found
it,
she
calls
her
friends
and
neighbors
together,
and
says ‘Come
and
rejoice
with
me,
for
I
have
found
the
coin
which
I
lost.’
So,
I
tell
you,
there
is
rejoicing
in
the
presence
of
God’s
angels
over
one
outcast
who
repents.”
Then
Jesus
continued,
“A
man
had
two
sons;
and
the
younger
of
them
said
to
his
father ‘Father,
give
me
my
share
of
the
inheritance.’
So
the
father
divided
the
property
between
them.
A
few
days
later
the
younger
son
got
together
all
that
he
had,
and
went
away
into
a
distant
land;
and
there
he
squandered
his
inheritance
by
leading
a dissolute
life.
After
he
has
spent
all
that
he
had,
there
was
a
severe
famine
through
all
that
country,
and
he
began
to
be
in actual
want.
So
he
went
and
engaged
himself
to
one
of
the
people
of
that
country,
who
sent
him
into
his
fields
to
tend
pigs.
He
even
longed
to
satisfy
his
hunger
with
the bean-pods
on
which
the
pigs
were
feeding;
and
no
one
gave
him
anything.
But,
when
he
came
to
himself,
he
said ‘How
many
of
my
father’s
hired
servants
have
more
bread
than
they
can
eat,
while
here
am
I starving
to
death!
I
will
get
up
and
go
to
my
father,
and
say
to
him “Father,
I
sinned
against
heaven
and
against
you;
I
am
no
longer
fit
to
be
called
your
son;
make
me
one
of
your
hired
servants.”’
And
he
got
up
and
went
to
his
father.
But,
while
he
was
still
a
long
way
off,
his
father
saw
him
and
was
deeply
moved;
he
ran
and
threw
his
arms
around
his
neck
and
kissed
him.
‘Father,’
the
son
said, ‘I
sinned
against
heaven
and
against
you;
I
am
no
longer
fit
to
be
called
your
son;
make
me
one
of
your
hired
servants.’
But
the
father
turned
to
his
servants
and
said ‘Be
quick
and
fetch
a
robe –
the
very
best –
and
put
it
on
him;
give
him
a
ring
for
his
finger
and
sandals
for
his
feet;
and
bring
the
fattened
calf
and
kill
it,
and
let
us
eat
and
make
merry;
for
here
is
my
son
who
was
dead,
and
is
alive
again,
was
lost,
and
is
found.’
So
they
began
making
merry.
Meanwhile
the
elder
son
was
out
in
the
fields;
but,
on
coming
home,
when
he
got
near
the
house,
he
heard
music
and
dancing,
and
he
called
one
of
the
servants
and
asked
what
it
all
meant.
‘Your
brother
has
come
back,’
the
servant
told
him, ‘and
your
father
has
killed
the
fattened
calf,
because
he
has
him
back
safe
and
sound.’
This
made
him
angry,
and
he
would
not
go
in.
But
his
father
came
out
and
begged
him
to
do
so.
‘No,’
he
said
to
his
father, ‘look
at
all
the
years
I
have
been
serving
you,
without
ever
once disobeying
you,
and
yet
you
have
never
given
me
even
a
young
goat,
so
that
I
might
have
a
party
with
my
friends.
But,
no sooner
has
this
son
of
yours
come,
who
has
eaten
up
your
property
in
the
company
of
prostitutes,
than
you
have
killed
the
fattened
calf
for
him.’
‘Child,’
the
father
answered, ‘you
are
always
with
me,
and
everything
that
I
have
is
yours.
We
could
but
make
merry
and
rejoice,
for
here
is
your
brother
who
was
dead,
and
is
alive;
who
was
lost,
and
is
found.’”
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“There
was
a
rich
man
who
had
a
steward;
and
this
steward
was
maliciously
accused
to
him
of
wasting
his
estate.
So
the
master
called
him
and
said ‘What
is
this
that
I
hear
about
you?
Give
in
your
accounts,
for
you
cannot
act
as
steward
any
longer.’
‘What
am
I
to
do,’
the
steward
asked
himself, ‘now
that
my
master
is
taking
the steward’s
place
away
from
me?
I
have
not
strength
to
dig,
and
I
am
ashamed
to
beg.
I
know
what
I
will
do,
so
that,
as
soon
as
I
am
turned
out
of
my
stewardship,
people
may
welcome
me
into
their
homes.’
One
by
one
he
called
up
his
master’s
debtors. ‘How
much
do
you
owe
my
master?’
he
asked
of
the
first.
‘Four
hundred
and
forty
gallons
of
oil,’
answered
the
man. ‘Here
is
your
agreement,’
he
said; ‘sit
down
at
once
and
make
it
two
hundred
and
twenty.’
And
you,
the
steward
said
to
the
next, ‘how
much
do
you
owe?’ ‘Seventy
quarters
of
wheat,’
he
replied. ‘Here
is
your
agreement,’
the
steward
said; ‘make
it fifty-six.’
His
master complimented
this
dishonest
steward
on
the
shrewdness
of
his
action.
And
indeed
men
of
the
world
are shrewder
in dealing
with
their
fellow
men
than
those
who
have
the
light.
And
I
say
to
you ‘Win
friends
for
yourselves
with
your
dishonest
money,’
so
that,
when
it
comes
to
an
end,
there
may
be
a
welcome
for
you
into
the
Eternal
Home.
The
person
who
is
trustworthy
in
the
smallest
matter
is
trustworthy
in
a
great
one
also;
and
the
person
who
is
dishonest
in
the
smallest
matter
is
dishonest
in
a
great
one
also.
So,
if
you
have
proved untrustworthy
with
the
dishonest
money,
who
will
trust
you
with
the
true?
And,
if
you
have
proved untrustworthy
with
what
does
not
belong
to
us,
who
will
give
you
what
is
really
our
own?
No
servant
can
serve
two
masters,
for,
either
they
will
hate
one
and
love
the
other,
or
else
they
will
attach
themselves
to
one
and
despise
the
other.
You
cannot
serve
both
God
and
money.”
All
this
was
said
within
hearing
of
the
Pharisees,
who
were
lovers
of
money,
and
they
began
to
sneer
at
Jesus.
“You,”
said
Jesus,
“are
the
ones
who
justify
themselves
before
the
world,
but
God
can
read
your
hearts;
and
what
is
highly
esteemed
among
people
may
be
an
abomination
in
the
sight
of
God.
The
Law
and
the
prophets
sufficed
until
the
time
of
John.
Since
then
the
good
news
of
the
kingdom
of
God
has
been
told,
and
everybody
has
been
forcing
their
way
into
it.
It
would
be
easier
for
the
heavens
and
the
earth
to
disappear
than
for
one
stroke
of
a
letter
in
the
Law
to
be
lost.
Everyone
who
divorces
his
wife
and
marries
another
woman
is
an
adulterer,
and
the
man
who
marries
a
divorced
woman
is
an
adulterer.
There
was
once
a
rich
man,
who
dressed
in
purple
robes
and
fine
linen,
and
feasted
every
day
in
great
splendor.
Near
his
gateway
there
had
been
laid
a
beggar
named
Lazarus,
who
was
covered
with
sores,
and
who
longed
to
satisfy
his
hunger
with
what
fell
from
the
rich
man’s
table.
Even
the
dogs
came
and
licked
his
sores.
After
a
time
the
beggar
died,
and
was
taken
by
the
angels
to
be
with
Abraham.
The
rich
man
also
died
and
was
buried.
In Hades
he
looked
up
in
his
torment,
and
saw
Abraham
at
a
distance
and
Lazarus
at
his
side.
So
he
called
out ‘Pity
me,
Father
Abraham,
and
send
Lazarus
to
dip
the
tip
of
his
finger
in
water
and
cool
my
tongue,
for
I
am
suffering
agony
in
this
flame.’
‘Child,’
answered
Abraham, ‘remember
that
you
in
your
lifetime
received
what
you
thought
desirable,
just
as
Lazarus
received
what
was
not
desirable;
but
now
he
has
his
consolation
here,
while
you
are
suffering
agony.
And
not
only
that,
but
between
you
and
us
there
lies
a
great
chasm,
so
that
those
who
wish
to
pass
from
here
to
you
cannot,
nor
can
they
cross
from
there
to
us.’
‘Then,
Father,’
he
said, ‘I
beg
you
to
send Lazarus
to
my
father’s
house –
For
I
have
five
brothers
to
warn
them,
so
that
they
may
not
come
to
this
place
of torture
also.’
‘They
have
the writings
of
Moses
and
the
prophets,’
replied
Abraham; ‘let
them
listen
to
them.’
‘But,
Father
Abraham,’
he
urged, ‘if
someone
from
the
dead
were
to
go
to
them,
they
would
repent.’
‘If
they
do
not
listen
to
Moses
and
the
prophets,’
answered
Abraham, ‘they
will
not
be
persuaded,
even
if
someone
were
to
rise
from
the
dead.’”
p
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“It
is inevitable
that
there
should
be
temptations
but
sorrow
awaits
the
person
who
does
the tempting!
It
would
be
better
for
them
if
they
had
been flung
into
the
sea
with
a
millstone
around
their
neck,
rather
than
that
they
should
cause
even
one
of
these
little
ones
to
stumble.
Be
on
your
guard!
If
your
brother
or
sister
does
wrong,
rebuke
them;
but
if
they
repent,
forgive
them.
Even
if
they
wrong
you
seven
times
a
day,
but
turns
to
you
every
time
and
says ‘I
am
sorry,’
you
must
forgive
them.”
“Give
us
more
faith,”
said
the apostles
to
the
Master;
but
the
Master
said,
“If
your
faith
were
only
like
a
mustard
seed,
you
could
say
to
this
mulberry
tree ‘Be
uprooted
and
planted
in
the
sea,’
and
it
would
obey
you.
Which
of
you,
if
he
had
a
servant ploughing,
or
tending
the
sheep,
would
say
to
him,
when
he
came
in
from
the
fields, ‘Come
at
once
and
take
your
place
at
the
table,’
Instead
of
saying ‘Prepare
my
dinner,
and
then
make
yourself
ready
and
serve
me
while
I
am
eating
and
drinking,
and
after
that
you
will
eat
and
drink yourself’?
Does
he
feel
grateful
to
his
servant
for
doing
what
he
is
told?
And
so
with
you –
when
you
have
done
all
that
you
have
been
told,
still
say ‘We
are
but
useless
servants;
we
have
done
no
more
than
we
ought
to
have
done.’”
On
the
way
to
Jerusalem
Jesus
passed
between
Samaria
and
Galilee.
As
he
was
entering
a
village,
ten
lepers
met
him.
Standing
still,
some
distance
off,
they
called
out
loudly, “Jesus!
Sir!
Pity
us!”
When
Jesus
saw
them,
he
said,
“Go
and
show
yourselves
to
the
priest.”
And,
as
they
were
on
their
way,
they
were
made
clean.
One
of
them,
finding
he
was
cured,
came
back,
praising
God
loudly,
and
threw
himself
on
his
face
at Jesus’
feet,
thanking
him
for
what
he
had
done;
and
this
man
was
a
Samaritan.
“Were
not
all
the
ten
made
clean?
exclaimed
Jesus.
But
the
nine –
where
are
they?
Were
there
none
to
come
back
and
praise
God
except
this
foreigner?
Get
up,”
he
said
to
him,
“and
go
on
your
way.
Your
faith
has
delivered
you.”
Being
once
asked
by
the
Pharisees
when
the
kingdom
of
God
was
to
come,
Jesus
answered,
“The
kingdom
of
God
does
not
come
in
a
way
that
can
be
seen,
nor
will
people
say ‘Look,
here
it
is!’
or ‘There
it
is!’;
for
the
kingdom
of
God
is
within
you!
The
day
will
come,”
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“when
you
will
long
to
see
but
one
of
the
days
of
the
Son
of
Man,
and
will
not
see
it.
People
will
say
to
you ‘There
he
is!’
Or ‘Here
he
is!’
Do
not
go
and
follow
them.
For,
just
as
lightning
will
lighten
and flare
from
one
side
of
the
heavens
to
the
other,
so
will
it
be
with
the
Son
of
Man.
But
first
he
must
undergo
much
suffering,
and
he
must
be
rejected
by
the
present
generation.
As
it
was
in
the
days
of
Noah,
so
will
it
be
again
in
the
days
of
the
Son
of
Man.
They
were
eating
and
drinking
and
marrying
and
being
married,
up
to
the
very
day
on
which
Noah
entered
the
ark,
and
then
the
flood
came
and
destroyed
them
all.
So,
too,
in
the
days
of
Lot.
People
were
eating,
drinking,
buying,
selling,
planting,
building;
but,
on
the
very
day
on
which
Lot
came
out
of
Sodom,
it
rained
fire
and
sulfur
from
the
skies
and
destroyed
them
all.
It
will
be
the
same
on
the
day
on
which
the
Son
of
Man
reveals
himself.
On
that
day,
if
a
person
is
on
their house-top
and
their
goods
in
the
house,
they
must
not
go
down
to
get
them;
nor
again
must
one
who
is
on
the
farm
turn
back.
Remember
Lot’s
wife.
Whoever
is
eager
to
get
the
most
out
of
their
life
will
lose
it;
but
whoever
will
lose
it
will
preserve
it.
On
that
night,
I
tell
you,
of
two
people
on
the
same
bed,
one
will
be
taken
and
the
other
left;
of
two
women
grinding
grain
together,
one
will
be
taken
and
the
other
left.”
17.36
Some later manuscripts add: There will be two in the field; one will be taken and the other left.
“Where
will
it
be,
Master?”
asked
the
disciples.
“Where
there
is
a
body,”
said
Jesus,
“there
will
the
vultures
flock.”
Jesus
told
his
disciples
a
parable
to
show
them
that
they
should
always
pray
and
never
despair.
“There
was,”
he
said,
“in
a
certain
town
a
judge,
who
had
no
fear
of
God
nor
regard
for
people.
In
the
same
town
there
was
a
widow
who
went
to
him
again
and
again,
and
said ‘Grant
me
justice
against
my
opponent.’
For
a
time
the
judge
refused,
but
afterward
he
said
to
himself ‘Although
I
am
without
fear
of
God
or
regard
for
people,
yet,
as
this
widow
is
so
troublesome,
I
will
grant
her
justice,
to
stop
her
from plaguing
me
with
her
endless visits.’”
Then
the
Master
added,
“Listen
to
what
this iniquitous
judge
says!
And
God –
won’t
he
see
that
his
own
people,
who
cry
to
him
night
and
day,
have
justice
done
them –
though
he
holds
his
hand?
He
will,
I
tell
you,
give
them
justice
soon
enough!
Yet,
when
the
Son
of
Man
comes,
will
he
find
faith
on
earth?”
p
Another
time,
speaking
to
people
who
were
satisfied
that
they
were religious,
and
who
regarded
everyone
else
with
scorn,
Jesus
told
this
parable –
“Two
men
went
up
into
the
Temple
Courts
to
pray.
One
was
a
Pharisee
and
the
other
a tax-gatherer.
The
Pharisee
stood
forward
and
began
praying
to
himself
in
this
way – ‘God,
I
thank
you
that
I
am
not
like
other
men –
thieves, rogues,
adulterers –
or
even
like
this tax-gatherer.
I
fast
twice
a
week,
and
give
a
tenth
of
everything
I
get
to
God.’
Meanwhile
the tax-gatherer
stood
at
a
distance,
not venturing
even
to
raise
his
eyes
to
heaven,
but
he
kept
striking
his
breast
and
saying ‘God,
have
mercy
on
me,
a
sinner.’
This
man,
I
tell
you,
went
home
pardoned,
rather
than
the
other.
For
everyone
who
exalts
himself
will
be
humbled,
while
everyone
who
humbles
himself
will
be
exalted.”
Some
of
the
people
were
bringing
even
their
babies
to
Jesus,
for
him
to
touch
them;
but,
when
the
disciples
saw
it,
they
began
to
find
fault
with
those
who
had
brought
them.
Jesus,
however,
called
the
little
children
to
him.
“Let
the
little
children
come
to
me,”
he
said,
“and
do
not
hinder
them,
for
it
is
to
the childlike
that
the
kingdom
of
God
belongs.
I
tell
you,
unless
a
man
receives
the
kingdom
of
God
like
a
child,
he
will
not
enter
it
at
all.”
p
And
one
of
the
leaders
asked
Jesus
this
question – “Good
teacher,
what
must
I
do
if
I
am
to
gain
eternal
life?”
“Why
do
you
call
me
good?”
answered
Jesus.
“No
one
is
good
but
God.
You
know
the
commandments –
Do
not
commit
adultery,
Do
not
kill,
Do
not
steal,
Do
not
say
what
is
false
about
others,
Honor
your
father
and
your
mother.”
“I
have
observed
all
these,”
he
replied, “from
childhood.”
Hearing
this,
Jesus
said
to
him,
“There
is
one
thing
still
lacking
in
you;
sell
everything
that
you
have,
and
distribute
to
the
poor,
and
you
will
have
wealth
in
heaven;
then
come
and
follow
me.”
But
the
man
became
greatly
distressed
on
hearing
this,
for
he
was
extremely
rich.
Seeing
this,
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“How
hard
it
is
for
the
wealthy
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God!
It
is
easier,
indeed,
for
a
camel
to
get
through
a needle’s
eye
than
for
a
rich
person
to
enter
the
kingdom
of
God!”
“Then
who
can
be
saved?”
asked
those
who
heard
this.
But
Jesus
said,
“What
is
impossible
with
people
is
possible
with
God.”
“But
we,”
said
Peter, “we
left
what
belonged
to
us
and
followed
you.”
“I
tell
you,”
he
answered,
“that
there
is
no
one
who
has
left
house,
or
wife,
or
brothers,
or
parents,
or
children,
for
the
sake
of
the
kingdom
of
God,
who
will
not
receive
many
times
as
much
in
the
present,
and
in
the
age
that
is
coming
eternal
life.”
p
Gathering
the
Twelve
around
him,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Listen!
We
are
going
up
to
Jerusalem;
and
there
everything
that
is
written
in
the
prophets
will
be
done
to
the
Son
of
Man.
For
he
will
be
given
up
to
the
Gentiles,
mocked,
insulted
and
spat
on;
they
will
scourge
him,
and
then
put
him
to
death;
and
on
the
third
day
he
will
rise
again.”
The apostles
did
not
comprehend
any
of
this.
His
meaning
was
unintelligible
to
them
and
they
did
not
understand
what
he
was
saying.
As
Jesus
was
getting
near
Jericho,
a
blind
man
was
sitting
by
the roadside,
begging.
Hearing
a
crowd
going
by,
the
man
asked
what
was
the
matter;
and,
when
people
told
him
that
Jesus
of
Nazareth
was
passing,
he
shouted
out, “Jesus,
Son
of
David,
take
pity
on
me!”
Those
who
were
in
front
kept
telling
him
to
be
quiet,
but
he
continued
to
call
out
the
louder, “Son
of
David,
take
pity
on
me!”
Then
Jesus
stopped
and
ordered
the
man
to
be
brought
to
him.
And,
when
he
had
come
close
up
to
him,
Jesus
asked
him,
“What
do
you
want
me
to
do
for
you?”
“Master,”
he
said, “I
want
to
recover
my
sight.”
And
Jesus
said,
“Recover
your
sight,
your
faith
has
delivered
you.”
Instantly
he
recovered
his
sight,
and
began
to
follow
Jesus,
praising
God.
And
all
the
people,
on
seeing
it,
gave
glory
to
God.
Jesus
entered
Jericho
and
made
his
way
through
the
town.
There
was
a
man
there,
known
by
the
name
of
Zacchaeus,
who
was
a
senior
tax collector
and
a
rich
man.
He
tried
to
see
what
Jesus
was
like;
but,
being
short,
he
was
unable
to
do
so
because
of
the
crowd.
So
he
ran
on
ahead
and
climbed
into
a mulberry
tree
to
see
Jesus,
for
he
knew
that
he
must
pass
that
way.
When
Jesus
came
to
the
place,
he
looked
up
and
said
to
him,
“Zacchaeus,
be
quick
and
come
down,
for
I
must
stop
at
your
house
today.”
So Zacchaeus
got
down
quickly,
and
joyfully
welcomed
him.
On
seeing
this,
everyone
began
to
complain, “He
has
gone
to
stay
with
a
man
who
is
an
outcast.”
But
Zacchaeus
stood
forward
and
said
to
the
Master, “Listen,
Master!
I
will
give
half
my
property
to
the
poor,
and,
if
I
have
defrauded
anyone
of
anything,
I
will
give
him
back
four
times
as
much.”
“Salvation
has
come
to
this
house
today,”
answered
Jesus,
“for
even
this
man
is
a
son
of
Abraham.
The
Son
of
Man
has
come
to
search
for
those
who
are
lost
and
to
save
them.”
As
the
people
were
listening
to
this,
Jesus
went
on
to
tell
them
a
parable.
He
did
so
because
he
was
near
Jerusalem,
and
because
they
thought
that
the
kingdom
of
God
was
going
to
be
proclaimed
at
once.
He
said,
“A
nobleman
once
went
to
a
distant
country
to
receive
his
appointment
to
a
kingdom
and
then
return.
He
called
ten
of
his
servants
and
gave
them
ten
pounds
of
silver
each,
and
told
them
to
trade
with
them
during
his absence.
But
his
subjects
hated
him
and
sent
envoys
after
him
to
say ‘We
will
not
have
this
man
as
our
king.’
On
his
return,
after
having
been
appointed
king,
he
directed
that
the
servants
to
whom
he
had
given
his
money
should
be
summoned,
so
that
he
might
learn
what
amount
of
trade
they
had
done.
The
first
came
up,
and
said ‘Sir,
your
ten
pounds
have
made
a
hundred.’
‘Well
done,
good
servant!’
exclaimed
the
master. ‘As
you
have
proved
trustworthy
in
a
very
small
matter,
I
appoint
you
governor
over
ten
towns.’
When
the
second
came,
he
said ‘Your
ten
pounds,
Sir,
have
produced
fifty.’
So
the
master
said
to
him ‘And
you
I
appoint
over
five
towns.’
Another
servant
also
came
and
said ‘Sir,
here
are
your
ten
pounds;
I
have
kept
them
put
away
in
a
handkerchief.
For
I
was
afraid
of
you,
because
you
are
a
stern
man.
You
take
what
you
have
not
planted,
and
reap
what
you
have
not
sown.’
The
master
answered ‘Out
of
your
own
mouth
I
judge
you,
you
worthless
servant.
You
knew
that
I
am
a
stern
man,
that
I
take
what
I
have
not
planted,
and
reap
what
I
have
not
sown?
Then
why
didn’t
you
put
my
money
into
a
bank?
And
I,
on
my
return,
could
have
claimed
it
with
interest.
Take
away
from
him
the
ten
pounds,’
he
said
to
those
standing
by, ‘and
give
them
to
the
one
who
has
the
hundred.’
‘But,
Sir,’
they
said, ‘he
has
a
hundred
pounds
already!’
‘I
tell
you,’
he
answered, ‘that,
to
him
who
has,
more
will
be
given,
but,
from
him
who
has
nothing,
even
what
he
has
will
be
taken
away.
But
as
for
my
enemies,
these
men
who
would
not
have
me
as
their
king,
bring
them
here
and
put
them
to
death
in
my
presence.’”
After
saying
this,
Jesus
went
on
in
front,
going
up
to
Jerusalem.
The
Last
Days
It
was
when
Jesus
had
almost
reached Bethphage
and Bethany,
near
the
Mount
of
Olives,
that
he
sent
on
two
of
the
disciples.
“Go
to
the
village
facing
us,”
he
said,
“and,
when
you
get
there,
you
will
find
a
foal tethered,
which
no
one
has
yet
ridden;
untie
it
and
lead
it
here.
And,
if anybody
asks
you ‘Why
are
you
untying
it?’,
you
are
to
say
this – ‘The
Master
wants
it.’”
So
the
two
who
were
sent
went
and
found
it
as
Jesus
had
told
them.
While
they
were
untying
the
foal,
the
owners
asked
them – “Why
are
you
untying
the
foal?”
And
the
two
disciples
answered – “The
Master
wants
it.”
Then
they
led
it
back
to
Jesus,
and
threw
their
cloaks
on
the
foal
and
put
Jesus
on
it.
As
he
went
along,
the
people
kept
spreading
their
cloaks
in
the
road.
When
he
had
almost
reached
the
place
where
the
road
led
down
the
Mount
of
Olives,
everyone
of
the
many
disciples
began
in
their
joy
to
praise
God
loudly
for
all
the
miracles
that
they
had
seen:
“Blessed
is
He
who
comes –
our
king –
in
the
name
of
the
Lord!
Peace
in
heaven,
and
glory
on
high.”
Some
of
the
Pharisees
in
the
crowd
said
to
him, “Teacher,
restrain
your
disciples.”
But
Jesus
answered,
“I
tell
you
that
if
they
are
silent,
the
stones
will
call
out.”
When
he
drew
near,
on
seeing
the
city,
he
wept
over
it,
and
said,
“If
only
you
had
known,
while
yet
there
was
time –
even
you –
the
things
that
make
for
peace!
But
now
they
have
been
hidden
from
your
sight.
For
a
time
is
coming
when
your
enemies
will
surround
you
with earthworks,
and
encircle
you,
and
hem
you
in
on
all
sides;
they
will
trample
you
down
and
your
children
within
you,
and
they
will
not
leave
in
you
one
stone
on
another,
because
you
did
not
know
the
time
of
your
visitation.”
Jesus
went
into
the
Temple
Courts
and
began
to
drive
out
those
who
were
selling,
saying
as
he
did
so,
“Scripture
says – ‘My
house
will
be
a
house
of prayer’;
but
you
have
made
it
a
den
of
robbers.”
Jesus
continued
to
teach
each
day
in
the
Temple
Courts;
but
the
chief
priests
and
teachers
of
the
Law
were
eager
to
take
his
life,
and
so
also
were
the
leaders
of
the
people.
Yet
they
could
not
see
what
to
do,
for
the
people
all
hung
on
his
words.
On
one
of
these
days,
when
Jesus
was
teaching
the
people
in
the
Temple
Courts
and
telling
the
good
news,
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
joined
by
the
elders,
confronted
him,
and
addressing
him,
said, “Tell
us
what
authority
you
have
to
do
these
things.
Who
is
it
who
has
given
you
this
authority?”
“I,
too,”
said
Jesus
in
reply,
“will
ask
you
one
question.
Give
me
an
answer
to
it.
It
is
about
John’s baptism –
was
it
of
divine
or
of
human
origin?”
But
they
began
arguing
together, “If
we
say ‘divine,’
he
will
say ‘Why
didn’t
you
believe
him?’
But,
if
we
say ‘human,’
the
people
will
all
stone
us,
for
they
are
persuaded
that
John
was
a
prophet.”
So
they
answered
that
they
did
not
know
its
origin.
“Then
I,”
said
Jesus,
“refuse
to
tell
you
what
authority
I
have
to
do
these
things.”
But
Jesus
began
to
tell
the
people
this
parable –
“A
man
once
planted
a
vineyard,
and
then
let
it
out
to
tenants,
and
went
abroad
for
a
long
while.
At
the
proper
time
he
sent
a
servant
to
the
tenants,
so
that
they
could
give
him
a
share
of
the
produce
of
the
vineyard.
The
tenants,
however,
beat
him
and
sent
him
away
empty-handed.
The
owner
afterward
sent
another
servant;
but
the
tenants
beat
and
insulted
this
man
too,
and
sent
him
away
empty-handed.
He
sent
a
third;
but
they
wounded
this
man
also,
and
threw
him
outside.
‘What
should
I
do?’
said
the
owner
of
the
vineyard. ‘I
will
send
my
son,
who
is
very
dear
to
me.
Perhaps
they
will
respect
him.’
But,
on
seeing
him,
the
tenants
consulted
with
one
another. ‘Here
is
the
heir!’
they
said. ‘Let
us
kill
him,
and
then
the
inheritance
will
become
ours.’
So
they
threw
him
outside
the
vineyard
and
killed
him.
Now
what
will
the
owner
of
the
vineyard
do
to
them?
He
will
come
and
put
those
tenants
to
death,
and
will
let
the
vineyard
to
others.”
“Heaven
forbid!”
they
exclaimed
when
they
heard
it.
But
Jesus
looked
at
them
and
said,
“What
then
is
the
meaning
of
this
passage? –
‘The
stone
which
the
builders
despised
has
now
itself
become
the
cornerstone.’
Everyone
who
falls
on
that
stone
will
be
dashed
to
pieces,
while
anyone
on
whom
it
falls –
it
will
scatter
him
as
dust.”
After
this
the
teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
chief
priest
were
eager
to
lay
hands
on
Jesus
then
and
there,
but
they
were
afraid
of
the
people;
for
they
saw
that
it
was
at
them
that
he
had
aimed
this
parable.
Having
watched
their opportunity,
they
afterward
sent
some
spies,
who
pretended
to
be
good
men,
to
catch
Jesus
in
the
course
of
conversation,
and
so
enable
them
to
give
him
up
to
the
Governor’s
jurisdiction
and
authority.
These
spies
asked
Jesus
a
question.
They
said, “Teacher,
we
know
that
you
are
right
in
what
you
say
and
teach,
and
that
you
do
not
take
any
account
of
a
person’s
position,
but
teach
the
way
of
God
honestly;
are
we
right
in
paying
tribute
to
the Emperor
or
not?”
Seeing
through
their
deceitfulness,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Show
me
a coin.
Whose
head
and
title
are
on
it?”
“The Emperor’s,”
they
said;
and
Jesus
replied,
“Well
then,
pay
to
the Emperor
what
belongs
to
the Emperor,
and
to
God
what
belongs
to
God.”
They
could
not
object
to
this
answer
before
the
people;
and,
in
their
wonder
at
his
reply,
they
held
their
tongues.
Presently
there
came
up
some
Sadducees,
who
maintain
that
there
is
no resurrection.
Their
question
was
this –
“Teacher,
Moses
laid
down
for
us
in
his writings
that –
‘Should
a
man’s
married
brother
die,
and
should
he
be
childless,
the
man
should
take
the
widow
as
his
wife,
and
raise
up
a
family
for
his
brother.’
Well,
there
were
once
seven
brothers;
of
whom
the
eldest,
after
taking
a
wife,
died
childless.
The
second
and
third
brothers
both
took
her
as
their
wife;
and
so,
too,
did
all
seven –
dying
without
children.
The
woman
herself
was
the
last
to
die.
About
the
woman,
then –
at
the resurrection,
whose
wife
is
she
to
be,
all
seven
brothers
having
had
her
as
their
wife?”
“The
men
and
women
of
this
world,”
said
Jesus,
“marry
and
are
given
in
marriage;
but,
for
those
who
are
thought
worthy
to
attain
to
that
other
world
and
the resurrection
from
the
dead,
there
is
no
marrying
or
being
married,
nor
indeed
can
they
die
again,
for
they
are
like
angels
and,
having
shared
in
the resurrection,
they
are
God’s
children.
As
to
the
fact
that
the
dead
rise,
even
Moses indicated
that,
in
the
passage
about
the
Bush,
when
he
calls
the
Lord –
‘The
God
of
Abraham,
and
the
God
of
Isaac,
and
the
God
of
Jacob.’
Now
he
is
not
God
of
dead
people,
but
of
living.
For
in
his
sight
all
are
alive.”
“Well
said,
teacher!”
exclaimed
some
of
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
for
they
did
not
venture
to
question
him
any
further.
But
Jesus
said
to
them,
“How
is
it
that
people
say
that
the
Christ
is
to
be
David’s
son?
For
David,
in
the
book
of
Psalms,
says
himself –
‘The
Lord
said
to
my
lord:
Sit
at
my
right
hand,
until
I
put
your
enemies
as
a
stool
for
your
feet.’
David,
then,
calls
him ‘lord,’
so
how
is
he
David’s
son?”
While
all
the
people
were
listening,
Jesus
said
to
the
disciples,
“Be
on
your
guard
against
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
who
delight
to
walk
about
in
long
robes,
and
like
to
be
greeted
in
the
streets
with
respect,
and
to
have
the
best
seats
in
the
synagogues,
and
places
of
honor
at
dinner.
These
are
the
men
who
rob
widows
of
their
houses,
and
make
a
pretense
of
saying
long
prayers.
Their
sentence
will
be
all
the
heavier.”
Looking
up, Jesus
saw
the
rich
people
putting
their
gifts
into
the
chests
for
the
Temple
offerings.
He
saw,
too,
a
widow
in
poor
circumstances
putting
two
small
coins
into
them.
“I
tell
you”,
he
said
“that
this
poor
widow
has
put
in
more
than
all
the
others;
for
everyone
else
here
put
in
something
from
what
he
had
to
spare,
while
she,
in
her
need,
has
put
in
all
she
had
to
live
on.”
When
some
of
them
spoke
about
the
Temple
being
decorated
with
beautiful
stones
and
offerings,
Jesus
said,
“As
for
these
things
that
you
are
looking
at,
a
time
is
coming
when
not
one
stone
will
be
left
on
another
here.
Every
one
will
be
thrown
down.”
So
the
disciples
questioned
Jesus, “But,
teacher,
when
will
this
happen?
And
what
sign
will
there
be
when
this
is
near?”
And
Jesus
said,
“See
that
you
are
not
led
astray;
for
many
will
take
my
name,
and
come
saying ‘I
am
He,’
and ‘The
time
is
close
at
hand.’
Do
not
follow
them.
And,
when
you
hear
of
wars
and
disturbances,
do
not
be
terrified,
for
these
things
must
occur
first;
but
the
end
will
not
be
at
once.”
Then
he
said
to
them,
“Nation
will
rise
against
nation
and
kingdom
against
kingdom,
and
there
will
be
great
earthquakes,
and
plagues
and
famines
in
various
places,
and
there
will
be
terrible
appearances
and
signs
in
the
heavens.
Before
all
this,
they
will
lay
hands
on
you
and
persecute
you,
and
they
will
betray
you
to
synagogues
and
put
you
in
prison,
when
you
will
be
brought
before
kings
and
governors
for
the
sake
of
my
name.
Then
will
be
your opportunity
of witnessing
for
me.
Make
up
your
minds,
therefore,
not
to
prepare
your
defense;
for
I
will
myself
give
you
words,
and
a
wisdom
which
all
your
opponents
together
will
be
unable
to
resist
or
defy.
You
will
be
betrayed
even
by
your
parents
and
brothers
and
sisters
and
relatives
and
friends,
and
they
will
cause
some
of
you
to
be
put
to
death,
and
you
will
be
hated
by
everyone
because
of
me
my
name.
Yet
not
a
single
hair
of
your
heads
will
be
lost!
By
your
endurance
you
will
win
yourselves
life.
As
soon,
however,
as
you
see
Jerusalem
surrounded
by
armed
camps,
then
you
may
know
that
the
hour
of
her desecration
is
at
hand.
Then
those
of
you
who
are
in
Judea
must
take
refuge
in
the
mountains,
those
who
are
in
Jerusalem
must
leave
at
once,
and
those
who
are
in
the
country
places
must
not
go
into
it.
For
these
are
to
be
the
days
of
vengeance,
when
all
that
scripture
says
will
be
fulfilled.
Alas
for
pregnant
women,
and
for
those
who
are
nursing
infants
in
those
days!
For
there
will
be
great
suffering
in
the
land,
and
anger
against
this
people.
They
will
fall
by
the
edge
of
the
sword,
and
will
be
taken
prisoners
to
every
land,
and
Jerusalem
will
be
under
the
heel
of
the
Gentiles,
until
their
day
is
over –
as
it
will
be.
There
will
be
signs,
too,
in
the
sun
and
moon
and
stars,
and
on
the
earth
despair
among
the
nations,
in
their
dismay
at
the
roar
of
the
sea
and
the
surge.
People’s
hearts
will
fail
them
through
dread
of
what
is
coming
upon
the
world;
for
the
forces
of
the
heavens
will
be convulsed.
Then
will
be
seen
the
Son
of
Man
coming
in
a
cloud
with
power
and
great
glory.
And,
when
these
things
begin
to
occur,
look
upwards
and
lift
your
heads,
for
your
deliverance
will
be
at
hand.”
Then
he
taught
them
a lesson,
saying –
“Look
at
the
fig
tree
and
all
the
other
trees.
As
soon
as
they
shoot,
you
know,
as
you
look
at
them,
without
being
told,
that
summer
is
near.
And
so
may
you,
as
soon
as
you
see
these
things
happening,
know
that
the
kingdom
of
God
is
near.
I
tell
you
that
even
the
present
generation
will
not
pass
away
until
all
has
taken
place.
The
heavens
and
the
earth
will
pass
away,
but
my
words
will
never
pass
away.
Be
on
your
guard
or
your
minds
will
become dulled
by debauches
or
drunkenness
or
the anxieties
of
life,
and ‘that day’
will
close
on
you
suddenly
like
a
trap.
For
it
will
come
on
all
who
are
living
upon
the
face
of
the
whole
earth.
Be
on
the
watch
at
all
times,
and
pray
that
you
may
have
strength
to
escape
all
that
is
destined
to
happen,
and
to
stand
in
the
presence
of
the
Son
of
Man.”
During
the
days,
Jesus
continued
to
teach
in
the
Temple
Courts,
but
he
went
out
and
spent
the
nights
on
the
hill
called
the ‘Mount
of
Olives.’
And
all
the
people
would
get
up
early
in
the
morning
and
come
to
listen
to
him
in
the
Temple
Courts.
The
feast
of
the
unleavened
bread,
known
as
the
Passover,
was
near.
The
chief
priest
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
were
looking
for
an opportunity
of
destroying
Jesus,
for
they
were
afraid
of
the
people.
Now
Satan
took
possession
of
Judas,
who
was
known
as
Iscariot,
and
who
belonged
to
the
Twelve;
and
he
went
and
discussed
with
the
chief
priests
and
officers
in
charge
at
the
Temple
the
best
way
of
betraying
Jesus
to
them.
They
were
glad
of
this,
and
agreed
to
pay
him.
So
Judas assented,
and
looked
for
an
opportunity
to
betray
Jesus
to
them,
in
the absence
of
a
crowd.
When
the
day
of
the
Festival
of
the
unleavened
bread
came,
on
which
the
Passover
lambs
had
to
be
killed,
Jesus
sent
forward
Peter
and
John,
saying
to
them,
“Go
and
make
preparations
for
our
eating
the
Passover.”
“Where
do
you
wish
us
to
make
preparations?”
they
asked.
“Listen,”
he
answered,
“when
you
have
reached
the
city,
a
man
carrying
a
pitcher
of
water
will
meet
you;
follow
him
into
whatever
house
he
enters;
and
you
will
say
to
the
owner
of
the
house ‘The
teacher
says
to
you –
Where
is
the
room
where
I
am
to
eat
the
Passover
with
my
disciples?’
The
man
will
show
you
a
large upstairs
room,
set
out;
there
make
preparations.”
So
Peter
and
John
went
on,
and
found
everything
just
as
Jesus
had
told
them,
and
they
prepared
the
Passover.
When
the
time
came,
Jesus
took
his
place
at
the
table,
and
the apostles
with
him.
“I
have
most
earnestly
wished,”
he
said,
“to
eat
this
Passover
with
you
before
I
suffer.
For
I
tell
you
that
I
will
not
eat
it
again,
until
it
has
had
its
fulfillment
in
the
kingdom
of
God.”
Then,
on
receiving
a
cup,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
he
said,
“Take
this
and
share
it
among
you.
For
I
tell
you
that
I
will
not,
after
today,
drink
of
the
fruit
of
the
vine,
until
the
kingdom
of
God
has
come.”
Then
Jesus
took
some
bread,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
broke
it
and
gave
to
them,
with
the
words,
“This
is
my
body.
22.20
Some later manuscripts add: which is now to be given on your behalf. Do this in memory of me. And in the same way with the cup, after supper, saying: “This cup is the New Covenant made by my blood which is being poured out on your behalf.”
Yet
see!
The
hand
of
the
man
who
is
betraying
me
is
beside
me
on
the
table!
True,
the
Son
of
Man
is
passing,
by
the
way
ordained
for
him,
yet
alas
for
that
man
by
whom
he
is
being
betrayed!”
Then
they
began
questioning
one
another
which
of
them
it
could
be
who
was
going
to
do
this.
And
a
dispute
arose
among
them
as
to
which
of
them
was
to
be
regarded
as
the
greatest.
Jesus,
however,
said,
“The
kings
of
the
Gentiles
lord
it
over
them,
and
their
oppressors
are styled ‘Benefactors.’
But
with
you
it
must
not
be
so.
No,
let
the
greatest
among
you
become
like
the
youngest,
and
him
who
leads
like
him
who
serves.
Which
is
the
greater –
the
master
at
the
table
or
his
servant?
Is
not
it
the
master
at
the
table?
Yet
I
myself
am
among
you
as
one
who
serves.
You
are
the
men
who
have
stood
by
me
in
my
trials;
and,
just
as
my
Father
has
assigned
me
a
kingdom,
I
assign
you
places,
so
that
you
may
eat
and
drink
at
my
table
in
my
kingdom,
and
be
seated
on
twelve
thrones
as
judges
of
the
twelve
tribes
of
Israel.
Simon!
Simon!
listen.
Satan
demanded
leave
to
sift
you
all
like
wheat,
but
I
prayed
for
you, Simon,
that
your
faith
should
not
fail.
And
you,
when
you
have
returned
to
me,
are
to
strengthen
the
others.”
“Master,”
said
Peter, “with
you
I
am
ready
to
go
both
to
prison
and
to
death.”
“I
tell
you,
Peter,”
replied
Jesus,
“the cock
will
not
crow
today
until
you
have disowned
all
knowledge
of
me
three
times.”
Then
he
said
to
them
all,
“When
I
sent
you
out
as
my
messengers,
without
either
purse,
or
bag,
or
sandals,
were
you
in
need
of
anything?”
“No;
nothing,”
they
answered.
“Now,
however,”
he
said,
“he
who
has
a
purse
must
take
it
and
his
bag
as
well;
and
he
who
has
not
must
sell
his
cloak
and
buy
a
sword.
For,
I
tell
you,
that
passage
of
scripture
must
be
fulfilled
in
me,
which
says – ‘He
was
counted
among
the godless’;
indeed
all
that
refers
to
me
is
finding
its
fulfillment.”
“Master,”
they
exclaimed, “look,
here
are
two
swords!”
“Enough!”
said
Jesus.
Jesus
then
went
out,
and
made
his
way
as
usual
to
the
Mount
of
Olives,
followed
by
his
disciples.
And,
when
he
reached
the
spot,
he
said
to
them,
“Pray
that
you
may
not
fall
into
temptation.”
Then
he
withdrew
about
a
stone’s
throw,
and
knelt
down
and
began
to
pray.
“Father,”
he
said,
“if
it
is
your
pleasure,
spare
me
this
cup;
only,
not
my
will
but
your
be
done.”
Presently
there
appeared
to
him
an
angel
from
heaven,
who
strengthened
him.
22.43
Some later manuscripts do not contain verses 43 or 44.
And,
as
his
anguish
became
intense,
he
prayed
still
more
earnestly,
while
his
sweat
was
like
great
drops
of
blood
falling
on
the
ground.
Then
he
rose
from
praying,
and
came
to
the
disciples
and
found
them
sleeping
for
sorrow.
“Why
are
you
asleep?”
he
asked
them.
“Rise
and
pray
so
that
you
don’t
fall
into
temptation.”
While
he
was
still
speaking,
a
crowd
appeared
in
sight,
led
by
the
man
called
Judas,
who
was
one
of
the
Twelve.
Judas
approached
Jesus,
to
kiss
him;
at
which
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Judas,
is
it
by
a
kiss
that
you
betray
the
Son
of
Man?”
But
when
those
who
were
around
Jesus
saw
what
was
going
to
happen,
they
exclaimed, “Master,
should
we
use
our
swords?”
And
one
of
them
struck
the
high
priest’s
servant
and
cut
off
his
right
ear;
at
which
Jesus
said,
“Let
me
at
least
do
this”;
and,
touching
his
ear,
he
healed
the
wound.
Then,
turning
to
the
chief
priests
and
officers
in
charge
at
the
Temple
and
the
elders,
who
had
come
for
him,
he
said,
“Have
you
come
out,
as
if
after
a
robber,
with
swords
and
clubs?
When
I
was
with
you
day
after
day
in
the
Temple
Courts,
you
did
not
lay
hands
on
me;
but
now
your
time
has
come,
and
the
power
of
darkness.”
p
Those
who
had
taken
Jesus
prisoner
took
him
away
into
the
house
of
the
high
priest.
Peter
followed
at
a
distance.
But,
when
they
had
lit
a
fire
in
the centre
of
the
courtyard
and
had
all
sat
down
there,
Peter
seated
himself
in
the
middle
of
them.
Presently
a
maidservant
saw
him
sitting
near
the
blaze
of
the
fire.
She
looked
carefully
at
him
and
said, “Why,
this
man
was
one
of
his
companions!”
But Peter
denied
it. “I
do
not
know
him,”
he
replied.
A
little
while
afterward
someone
else –
a
man –
saw
him
and
said, “Why,
you
are
one
of
them!”
“No,”
Peter
said, “I
am
not.”
About
an
hour
later
another
man
declared positively, “This
man
also
was
certainly
with
him.
Why,
he
is
a
Galilean!”
But
Peter
said, “I
do
not
know
what
you
are
speaking
about.”
Instantly,
while
he
was
still
speaking,
a cock
crowed.
And
the
Master
turned
and
looked
at
Peter;
and
Peter
remembered
the
words
that
the
Master
had
said
to
him –
“Before
a cock
has
crowed
today,
you
will disown
me
three
times”;
and
he
went
outside
and
wept
bitterly.
The
men
who
held
Jesus
kept
making
sport
of
him
and
beating
him.
They
blindfolded
him
and
then
questioned
him. “Now
play
the
prophet,”
they
said. “Who
was
it
that
struck
you?”
And
they heaped
many
other
insults
on
him.
At
daybreak
the
assembly
of
the
elders
of
the
people
met –
both
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law –
and
took
Jesus
before
their
High
Council.
“If
you
are
the
Christ,”
they
said, “tell
us
so.”
“If
I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“you
will
not
believe
me;
and,
if
I
question
you,
you
will
not
answer.
But
from
this
hour
the
Son
of
Man
will
be
seated
on
the
right
hand
of
God
Almighty.”
“Are
you,
then,
the
Son
of
God?”
they
all
asked.
“It
is
true,”
answered
Jesus,
“I
am.”
At
this
they
exclaimed, “Why
do
we
want
any
more
evidence?
We
have
heard
it
ourselves
from
his
own
lips!”
Then
they
all
rose
in
a
body
and
led
Jesus
before
Pilate.
And
they
began
to
accuse
him, “This
is
a
man
whom
we
found
misleading
our
people, preventing
them
from
paying
taxes
to
the Emperor,
and
giving
out
that
he
himself
is ‘Christ,
a
king.’”
“Are
you
the
king
of
the
Jews?”
Pilate
asked
him.
“It
is
true,”
replied
Jesus.
But
Pilate,
turning
to
the
chief
priests
and
the
people,
said, “I
do
not
see
anything
to
find
fault
with
in
this
man.”
But
they
insisted, “He
is
stirring
up
the
people
by
his
teaching
all
through
Judea;
he
began
with
Galilee
and
has
now
come
here.”
Hearing
this,
Pilate
asked
if
the
man
was
a
Galilean;
and,
having
satisfied
himself
that
Jesus
came
under
Herod’s
jurisdiction,
he
sent
him
to
Herod,
who
also
was
at
Jerusalem
at
the
time.
When
Herod
saw
Jesus,
he
was
exceedingly
pleased,
for
he
had
been
wanting
to
see
him
for
a
long
time,
having
heard
a
great
deal
about
him;
and
he
was
hoping
to
see
some
sign
given
by
him.
So
he
questioned
him
at
some
length,
but
Jesus
made
no
reply.
Meanwhile
the
chief
priests
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
stood
by
and
vehemently
accused
him.
And
Herod,
with
his
soldiers,
treated
Jesus
with
scorn;
he
mocked
him
by
throwing
a
gorgeous
robe
around
him,
and
then
sent
him
back
to
Pilate.
And
Herod
and
Pilate
became
friends
that
very
day,
for
before
that
there
had
been ill-will
between
them.
So
Pilate
summoned
the
chief
priests,
and
the
leading
men,
and
the
people,
and
said
to
them, “You
brought
this
man
before
me
charged
with
misleading
the
people;
and
yet,
for
my
part,
though
I
examined
him
before
you,
I
did
not
find
this
man
to
blame
for
any
of
the
things
of
which
you
accuse
him;
nor
did
Herod
either;
for
he
has
sent
him
back
to
us.
And,
as
a
fact,
he
has
not
done
anything
deserving
death;
so
I
will
have
him
scourged,
and
then
release
him.”
23.17
Some later manuscripts add: He had to release someone to them at the feast.
But
they
began
to
shout
as
one
man, “Kill
this
fellow,
but
release Barabbas
for
us.”
(Barabbas
was
a
man
who
had
been
put
in
prison
for
a
riot
that
had
broken
out
in
the
city
and
for
murder.)
Pilate,
however,
wanting
to
release
Jesus,
called
to
them
again;
but
they
kept
calling
out, “Crucify,
crucify
him!”
“Why,
what
harm
has
this
man
done?”
Pilate
said
to
them
for
the
third
time. “I
have
found
nothing
in
him
for
which
he
could
be
condemned
to
death.
So
I
will
have
him
scourged,
and
then
release
him.”
But
they
persisted
in
loudly demanding
his
crucifixion;
and
their
clamor
gained
the
day.
Pilate
decided
that
their
demand
should
be
granted.
He
released
the
man
who
had
been
put
in
prison
for
riot
and
murder,
as
they
demanded,
and
gave
Jesus
up
to
be
dealt
with
as
they
pleased.
And,
as
they
were
leading
Jesus
away,
they
laid
hold
of
Simon
from
Cyrene,
who
was
on
his
way
in
from
the
country,
and
they
put
the
cross
on
his
shoulders,
for
him
to
carry
it
behind
Jesus.
There
was
a
great
crowd
of
people
following
him,
many
being
women
who
were
beating
their
breasts
and
wailing
for
him.
So
Jesus
turned
and
said
to
them,
“Women
of
Jerusalem,
do
not
weep
for
me,
but
weep
for
yourselves
and
for
your
children.
A
time,
I
tell
you,
is
coming,
when
it
will
be
said – ‘Happy
are
the
women
who
are
barren,
and
those
who
have
never
borne
children
or
nursed
them!’
At
that
time
people
will
begin
to
say
to
the
mountains ‘Fall
on
us,’
and
to
the
hills ‘Cover
us.’
If
what
you
see
is
done
while
the
tree
is
green,
what
will
happen
when
it
is
dry?”
There
were
two
others
also,
criminals,
led
out
to
be
executed
with
Jesus.
When
they
had
reached
the
place
called ‘The
Skull,’
there
they
crucified
Jesus
and
the
criminals,
one
on
the
right,
and
one
on
the
left.
Then
Jesus
said,
“Father,
forgive
them;
they
do
not
know
what
they
are
doing.”
His
clothes
they
divided
among
them
by
casting
lots.
Meanwhile
the
people
stood
looking
on.
Even
the
leading
men
said
with
a
sneer, “He
saved
others,
let
him
save
himself,
if
he
is
God’s
Christ,
his
chosen
one.”
The
soldiers,
too,
came
up
in
mockery,
bringing
him
common
wine,
and
saying
as
they
did
so, “If
you
are
the
king
of
the
Jews,
save
yourself.”
Above
him
were
the
words –
‘THIS
IS
THE
KING
OF
THE
JEWS.’
One
of
the
criminals
who
were
hanging
beside
Jesus
railed
at
him. “Aren’t
you
the
Christ?
Save
yourself
and
us,”
he
said.
But
the
other
rebuked
him. “Haven’t
you,”
he
said, “any
fear
of
God,
now
that
you
are
under
the
same
sentence?
And
we
justly
so,
for
we
are
only
reaping
our
deserts,
but
this
man
has
not
done
anything
wrong.
Jesus,”
he
went
on, “do
not
forget
me
when
you
have
come
to
your
kingdom.”
And
Jesus
answered,
“I
tell
you,
this
very
day
you
will
be
with
me
in
Paradise.”
It
was
nearly
midday,
when
a
darkness
came
over
the
whole
country,
lasting
until
three
in
the
afternoon,
the
sun
being eclipsed;
and
the
Temple
curtain
was
torn
down
the
middle.
Then
Jesus,
with
a
loud
cry,
said,
“Father,
into
your
hands
I
commit
my
spirit.”
And
with
these
words
he
expired.
The Roman
centurion,
on
seeing
what
had
happened,
praised
God, exclaiming, “This
must
have
been
a
good
man!”
All
the
people
who
had
collected
to
see
the
sight
watched
what
occurred,
and
then
went
home
beating
their
breasts.
All
the
friends
of
Jesus
had
been
standing
at
a
distance,
with
the
women
who
accompanied
him
from
Galilee,
watching
all
this.
Now
there
was
a
man
of
the
name
of
Joseph,
who
was
a
member
of
the
Council,
and
who
bore
a
good
and
upright
character.
(This
man
had
not assented
to
the
decision
and
action
of
the
Council.)
He
belonged
to Arimathea,
a
town
in
Judea,
and
lived
in
expectation
of
the
kingdom
of
God.
He
now
went
to
see
Pilate,
and
asked
for
the
body
of
Jesus;
and,
when
he
had
taken
it
down,
he
wrapped
it
in
a
linen
sheet,
and
laid
him
in
a
tomb
cut
out
of
stone,
in
which
no
one
had
yet
been
buried.
It
was
the
Preparation
day,
and
just
before
the
Sabbath
began.
The
women
who
had
accompanied
Jesus
from
Galilee
followed,
and
saw
the
tomb
and
how
the
body
of
Jesus
was
laid,
and
then
went
home,
and
prepared
spices
and
perfumes.
The
Risen
Life
During
the
Sabbath
they
rested,
as
directed
by
the
commandment.
But
very
early
on
the
first
day
of
the
week
they
went
to
the
tomb,
taking
with
them
the
spices
that
they
had
prepared.
They
found
that
the
stone
had
been
rolled
away
from
the
tomb;
and,
on
going
into
it,
they
could
not
find
the
body
24.3
Some later manuscripts add: of the Lord Jesus..
While
they
were
at
a
loss
to
account
for
this,
all
at
once
two
men
stood
beside
them,
in
dazzling
clothing.
But,
when
in
their
fear
the
women
bowed
their
faces
to
the
ground,
the
men
said
to
them, “Why
are
you
looking
among
the
dead
for
him
who
is
living?
24.6
Some later manuscripts add: He is not here but he has risen.
Remember
how
he
spoke
to
you
before
he
left
Galilee –
How
he
said
that
the
Son
of
Man
must
be
betrayed
into
the
hands
of
wicked
men,
and
be
crucified,
and
rise
again
on
the
third
day.”
Then
they
remembered
the
words
of
Jesus,
and,
on
returning
from
the
tomb,
they
told
all
this
to
the
Eleven
and
to
all
the
rest.
There
were
Mary
of Magdala,
and
Joanna,
and
Mary,
the
mother
of
James.
The
other
women,
too,
spoke
about
this
to
the apostles.
What
they
said
seemed
to
the apostles
mere
nonsense,
and
they
did
not
believe
them.
24.12
Some later manuscripts add: Peter got up and ran to the tomb. Stooping down he saw nothing but the linen wrappings, and he went away, wondering to himself at what had taken place.
It
happened
that
very
day
that
two
of
the
disciples
were
going
to
a
village
called
Emmaus,
which
was
about
seven
miles
from
Jerusalem,
talking
together,
as
they
went,
about
all
that
had
just
taken
place.
While
they
were
talking
about
these
things
and
discussing
them,
Jesus
himself
came
up
and
went
on
their
way
with
them;
but
their
eyes
were
blinded
so
that
they
could
not
recognize
him.
“What
is
this
that
you
are
saying
to
each
other
as
you
walk
along?”
Jesus
asked.
They
stopped,
with
sad
looks
on
their
faces,
and
then
one
of
them,
whose
name
was
Cleopas,
said
to
Jesus, “Are
you
staying
by
yourself
at
Jerusalem,
that
you
have
not
heard
of
the
things
that
have
happened
there
within
the
last
few
days?”
“What
things
do
you
mean?”
asked
Jesus. “Why,
about
Jesus
of
Nazareth,”
they
answered, “who,
in
the
eyes
of
God
and
all
the
people,
was
a
prophet,
whose
power
was
felt
in
both
his
words
and
actions;
and
how
the
chief
priests
and
our
leading
men
gave
him
up
to
be
sentenced
to
death,
and
afterward
crucified
him.
But
we
were
hoping
that
he
was
the
Destined
Deliverer
of
Israel;
yes,
and
besides
all
this,
it
is
now
three
days
since
these
things
occurred.
And
what
is
more,
some
of
the
women
among
us
have
greatly
astonished
us.
They
went
to
the
tomb
at
daybreak
And,
not
finding
the
body
of
Jesus
there,
came
and
told
us
that
they
had
seen
a
vision
of
angels
who
told
them
that
he
was
alive.
So
some
of
our
number
went
to
the
tomb
and
found
everything
just
as
the
women
had
said,
but
they
did
not
see
Jesus.”
Then
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Foolish
men,
slow
to
accept
all
that
the
prophets
have
said!
Was
not
the
Christ
bound
to
undergo
this
suffering
before
entering
into
his
glory?”
Then,
beginning
with
Moses
and
all
the
prophets,
he
explained
to
them
all
through
the
scriptures
the
passages
that referred
to
himself.
When
they
got
near
the
village
to
which
they
were
walking,
Jesus
appeared
to
be
going
further;
but
they
pressed
him
not
to
do
so. “Stay
with
us,”
they
said, “for
it
is
getting towards
evening,
and
the
sun
in
already
low.”
So
Jesus
went
in
to
stay
with
them.
After
he
had
taken
his
place
at
the
table
with
them,
he
took
the
bread
and
said
the
blessing,
and
broke
it,
and
gave
it
to
them.
Then
their
eyes
were
opened
and
they
recognized
him;
but
he
disappeared
from
their
sight.
“How
our
hearts glowed,”
the
disciples
said
to
each
other, “while
he
was
talking
to
us
on
the
road,
and
when
he
explained
the
scriptures
to
us!”
Then
they
immediately
got
up
and
returned
to
Jerusalem,
where
they
found
the
Eleven
and
their
companions
all
together,
who
told
them
that
the
Master
had
really
risen,
and
had
appeared
to
Simon.
So
they
also
related
what
had
happened
during
their
walk,
and
how
they
had
recognized
Jesus
at
the
breaking
of
the
bread.
While
they
were
still
talking
about
these
things,
Jesus
himself
stood
among
them.
24.36
Some later manuscripts add: and said, “Peace be with you.”
In
their
terror
and
alarm
they
thought
they
saw
a
ghost,
but
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Why
are
you
so
startled?
And
why
do
doubts
arise
in
your
minds?
Look
at
my
hands
and
my
feet,
and
you
will
know
that
it
is
I.
Feel
me,
and
look
at
me,
for
a
ghost
has
not
flesh
and
bones,
as
you
see
that
I
have.”
24.40
Some later manuscripts add: After saying this he showed them his hands and his feet.
While
they
were
still
unable
to
believe
it
all,
overcome
with
joy,
and
were
wondering
if
it
were
true,
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Have
you
anything
here
to
eat?”
They
handed
him
a
piece
of
broiled
fish,
and
he
took
it
and
ate
it
before
their
eyes.
“This
is
what
I
told
you,”
he
said,
“when
I
was
still
with
you –
that
everything
that
had
been
written
about
me
in
the
Law
of
Moses,
the
prophets,
and
the
Psalms,
must
be
fulfilled.”
Then
he
enabled
them
to
understand
the
meaning
of
the
scriptures,
saying
to
them,
“Scripture
says
that
the
Christ
will
suffer,
and
that
he
will
rise
again
from
the
dead
on
the
third
day,
and
that
repentance
for
forgiveness
of
sins
will
be
proclaimed
on
his
authority
to
all
the
nations –
beginning
at
Jerusalem.
You
yourselves
are
to
be
witnesses
to
all
this.
And
now
I
am
myself
about
to
send
you
that
which
my
Father
has
promised.
But
you
must
remain
in
the
city
until
you
have
been invested
with
power
from
above.”
After
this,
Jesus
led
them
out
as
far
as Bethany,
and
there
raised
his
hands
and
blessed
them.
As
he
was
in
the
act
of
blessing
them,
he
left
them.
24.51
Some later manuscripts add: and was carried up into heaven.
They
returned
24.52
Some later manuscripts read: They bowed to the ground before him and returned.
to
Jerusalem
full
of
joy;
and
they
were
constantly
in
the
Temple
Courts,
blessing
God.
John
The Good News According to John
John
The
Good News According to
John
Introduction
In
the
beginning
the
Word
was;
and
the
Word
was
with
God;
and
the
Word
was
God.
He
was
in
the
beginning
with
God;
through
him
all
things
came
into
being,
and
nothing
came
into
being
apart
from
him.
That
which
came
into
being
in
him
was
life;
and
the
life
was
the
light
of
humanity;
and
the
light
shines
in
the
darkness,
and
the
darkness
never
overpowered
it.
There
appeared
a
man
sent
from
God,
whose
name
was
John;
he
came
as
a
witness –
to
bear
witness
to
the
light
so
that
through
him
everyone
might
believe.
He
was
not
the
light,
but
he
came
to
bear
witness
to
the
light.
That
was
the
true
light
which
enlightens
everyone
coming
into
the
world.
He
was
in
the
world;
and
through
him
the
world
came
into
being –
yet
the
world
did
not
know
him.
He
came
to
his
own –
yet
his
own
did
not
receive
him.
But
to
all
who
did
receive
him
he
gave
power
to
become
children
of
God –
to
those
who
believe
in
his
name.
For
not
to
natural
conception,
nor
to
human instincts,
nor
to
human
will
did
they owe
the
new
life,
but
to
God.
And
the
Word
became
human,
and
lived
among
us,
(We
saw
his
glory –
the
glory
of
the
Only
Son
sent
from
the
Father),
full
of
love
and
truth.
(John
bears
witness
to
him;
he
cried
aloud –
for
it
was
he
who
spoke –
“He
who
is
coming
after
me
is
now
before
me,
for
he
was
ever
first”);
out
of
his
fullness
we
have
all
received
gift
after
gift
of
love;
for
the
Law
was
given
through
Moses,
love
and
truth
came
through
Jesus
Christ.
No
one
has
ever
yet
seen
God;
God
the
only
Son,
who
is
ever
with
the
Father –
he
has
revealed
him.
The
Preparation
When
the religious
authorities
in
Jerusalem
sent
some
Priests
and
Levites
to
ask
John – “Who
are
you?”,
he
told
them
clearly
and
simply, “I
am
not
the
Christ.”
“What
then?”
they
asked. “Are
you
Elijah?”
“No,”
he
said, “I
am
not.”
“Are
you ‘the prophet’?”
He
answered, “No.”
“Who
then
are
you?”
they
continued. “Tell
us
so
that
we
have
an
answer
to
give
to
those
who
have
sent
us.
What
do
you
say
about
yourself?”
“I,”
he
answered, “am –
‘The
voice
of
one
crying
aloud
in
the
wilderness:
make
a
straight
road
for
the Lord’,
as
the
prophet
Isaiah
said.”
These
men
had
been
sent
from
the
Pharisees;
and
their
next
question
was, “Why
then
do
you baptize,
if
you
are
not
the
Christ
or
Elijah
or ‘the prophet’?”
John’s
answer
was – “I baptize
with
water,
but
among
you
stands
one
whom
you
do
not
know;
he
is
coming
after
me,
yet
I
am
not
worthy
even
to unfasten
his
sandal.”
This
happened
at Bethany,
across
the
Jordan,
where
John
was baptizing.
The
next
day
John
saw
Jesus
coming towards
him,
and
exclaimed, “Here
is
the
Lamb
of
God,
who
takes
away
the
sin
of
the
world!
I
was
talking
about
him
when
I
said ‘After
me
there
is
coming
a
man
who
ranks
ahead
of
me,
because
before
I
was
born
he
already
was.’
I
did
not
know
who
he
was,
but
I
have
come baptizing
with
water
to
make
him
known
to
Israel.”
John
also
said:
“I
saw
the
Spirit
come
down
from
heaven
like
a
dove
and
rest
on
him.
I
myself
did
not
know
him,
but
he
who
sent
me
to baptize
with
water,
he
said
to
me ‘He
on
whom
you
see
the
Spirit
descending,
and
remaining
on
him –
he
it
is
who baptizes
with
the
Holy
Spirit.’
This
I
have
seen
myself,
and
I
have
declared
my
belief
that
he
is
the
Son
of
God.”
The
next
day,
when
John
was
standing
with
two
of
his
disciples,
he
looked
at
Jesus
as
he
passed
and
exclaimed, “There
is
the
Lamb
of
God!”
The
two
disciples
heard
him
say
this,
and
followed
Jesus.
But
Jesus
turned
around,
and
saw
them
following.
“What
are
you
looking
for?”
he
asked. “Rabbi,”
they
answered (or,
as
we
should
say, ‘Teacher’), “where
are
you
staying?”
“Come,
and
you
will
see,”
he
replied.
So
they
went,
and
saw
where
he
was
staying,
and
spent
that
day
with
him.
It
was
then
about
four
in
the
afternoon.
One
of
the
two,
who
heard
what
John
said
and
followed
Jesus,
was Andrew,
Simon
Peter’s
brother.
He
first
found
his
own
brother
Simon,
and
said
to
him, “We
have
found
the
Messiah!” (a
word
which
means ‘Christ,’
or ‘Consecrated’.)
Then
he
brought
him
to
Jesus.
Looking
straight
at
him,
Jesus
said,
“You
are
Simon,
the
son
of
John;
you
will
be
called
Cephas” (which
means ‘Peter,’
or ‘Rock’).
The
following
day
Jesus
decided
to
leave
for
Galilee.
He
found
Philip,
and
said
to
him,
“Follow
me.”
Philip
was
from Bethsaida,
the
same
town
as Andrew
and
Peter.
He
found
Nathanael
and
said
to
him, “We
have
found
him
of
whom
Moses
wrote
in
the
Law,
and
of
whom
the
prophets
also
wrote –
Jesus
of
Nazareth,
Joseph’s
son!”
“Can
anything
good
come
out
of
Nazareth?”
asked
Nathanael. “Come
and
see,”
replied
Philip.
When
Jesus
saw
Nathanael
coming towards
him,
he
said,
“Here
is
a
true
Israelite,
in
whom
there
is
no
deceit!”
“How
do
you
know
me?”
asked
Nathanael.
“Even
before
Philip
called
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“when
you
were
under
the
fig
tree,
I
saw
you.”
“Rabbi,”
Nathanael
exclaimed, “you
are
the
Son
of
God,
you
are
king
of
Israel!”
“Do
you
believe
in
me,”
asked
Jesus,
“because
I
told
you
that
I
saw
you
under
the
fig
tree?
You
will
see
greater
things
than
those!
In
truth
I
tell
you,”
he
added,
“you
will
all
see
heaven
open,
and
the
angels
of
God
ascending
and
descending
on
the
Son
of
Man.”
The Work in Judaea, Galilee and Samaria
Two
days
after
this
there
was
a
wedding
at
Cana
in
Galilee,
and
Jesus’
mother
was
there.
Jesus
himself,
too,
with
his
disciples,
was
invited
to
the
wedding.
And,
when
the
wine
ran
short,
his
mother
said
to
him, “They
have
no
wine
left.”
“What
do
you
want
with
me?”
answered
Jesus.
“My
time
has
not
come
yet.”
His
mother
said
to
the
servants, “Do
whatever
he
tells
you.”
There
were
standing
there
six
stone water-jars,
in
accordance
with
the
Jewish
rule
of
purification,
each
holding
twenty
or
thirty
gallons.
Jesus
said
to
the
servants,
“Fill
the water-jars
with
water.”
And,
when
they
had
filled
them
to
the
brim,
he
added,
“Now
take
some
out,
and
carry
it
to
the
Master
of
the
feast.”
The
servants
did
so.
And,
when
the
Master
of
the
feast
had
tasted
the
water
which
had
now
become
wine,
not
knowing
where
it
had
come
from –
although
the
servants
who
had
taken
out
the
water
knew –
He
called
the
groom
and
said
to
him, “Everyone
puts
good
wine
on
the
table
first,
and
inferior
wine
afterward,
when
his
guests
have
drunk
freely;
but
you
have
kept
back
the
good
wine
till
now!”
This,
the
first
sign
of
his
mission,
Jesus
gave
at
Cana
in
Galilee,
and
by
it
revealed
his
glory;
and
his
disciples
believed
in
him.
After
this,
Jesus
went
down
to
Capernaum –
he,
his
mother,
his
brothers,
and
his
disciples;
but
they
stayed
there
only
a
few
days.
Then,
as
the
Jewish
Passover
was
near,
Jesus
went
up
to
Jerusalem.
In
the
Temple
Courts
he
found
people
who
were
selling
bullocks,
sheep,
and
pigeons,
and
the
money
changers
at
their counters.
So
he
made
a
whip
of
cords,
and
drove
them
all
out
of
the
Temple
Courts,
and
the
sheep
and
bullocks
as
well;
he
scattered
the
money
of
the
money
changers,
and
overturned
their
tables,
and
said
to
the pigeon-dealers,
“Take
these
things
away.
Do
not
turn
my
Father’s
house
into
a
market
house.”
His
disciples
remembered
that
scripture
said – ‘Passion
for
your
house
will
consume
me.’
Then
some
of
the religious
authorities
asked
Jesus, “What
sign
are
you
going
to
show
us,
since
you
act
in
this
way?”
“Destroy
this
temple,”
was
his
answer,
“and
I
will
raise
it
in
three
days.”
“This
Temple,”
the
authorities
replied, “has
been forty-six
years
in
building,
and
are
you
going
to ‘raise
it
in
three
days’?”
But
Jesus
was
speaking
of
his
body
as
a
temple.
Afterward,
when
he
had
risen
from
the
dead,
his
disciples
remembered
that
he
had
said
this;
and
they
believed
the
passage
of
scripture,
and
the
words
which
Jesus
had
spoken.
While
Jesus
was
in
Jerusalem,
during
the
Passover
Festival,
many
came
to
trust
in
him,
when
they
saw
the
signs
of
his
mission
that
he
was
giving.
But
Jesus
did
not
put
himself
in
their
power
because
he
knew
what
was
in
their
hearts.
He
did
not
need
anyone
to
tell
him
about
people
because
he
could
read
what
was
in
them.
Now
there
was
a
Pharisee
named
Nicodemus,
who
was
a
leading
man
among
his
people.
This
man
came
to
Jesus
by
night,
and
said
to
him, “Rabbi,
we
know
that
you
are
a
teacher
come
from
God;
for
no
one
could
give
such
signs
as
you
are
giving,
unless
God
were
with
him.”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
exclaimed
Jesus,
“unless
a
person
is reborn,
they
cannot
see
the
kingdom
of
God.”
“How
can
a
person,”
asked
Nicodemus, “be
born
when
they
are
old?
Can
they
be
born
a
second
time?”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“unless
a
person
owes
their
birth
to
water
and
Spirit,
they
cannot
enter
the
kingdom
of
God.
All
that
owes
its
birth
to
human nature
is
human,
and
all
that
owes
its
birth
to
the
Spirit
is
spiritual.
Do
not
wonder
at
my
telling
you
that
you
all
need
to
be reborn.
The
wind
blows
wherever
it
wants,
and
you
can
hear
the
sound
it
makes,
but
you
do
not
know
where
it
comes
from,
or
where
it
goes;
it
is
the
same
with
everyone
who
owes
his
birth
to
the
Spirit.”
“How
can
that
be?”
asked
Nicodemus.
“What!
You
a
teacher
of
Israel,”
exclaimed
Jesus,
“and
yet
do
not
understand
this!
In
truth
I
tell
you
that
we
speak
of
what
we
know,
and
state
what
we
have
seen;
and
yet
you
do
not
accept
our
statements.
If,
when
I
tell
you
earthly
things,
you
do
not
believe
me,
how
will
you
believe
me
when
I
tell
you
of
heavenly
things?
No
one
has
ascended
to
heaven,
except
him
who
descended
from
heaven –
the
Son
of
Man
himself.
And,
as
Moses
lifted
up
the
snake
in
the
desert,
so
must
the
Son
of
Man
be
lifted
up;
so
that
everyone
who
believes
in
him
may
have
eternal
life.”
For
God
so
loved
the
world,
that
he
gave
his
only
Son,
so
that
everyone
who
believes
in
him
may
not
be
lost,
but
have
eternal
life.
For
God
did
not
send
his
Son
into
the
world
to
condemn
the
world,
but
so
that
the
world
might
be
saved
through
him.
The
person
who
believes
in
him
escapes condemnation,
while
the
person
who
does
not
believe
in
him
is
already
condemned,
because
they
have
not
believed
in
the
only
Son
of
God.
The
ground
of
their
condemnation
is
this,
that
though
the
light
has
come
into
the
world,
people
preferred
the
darkness
to
the
light,
because
their
actions
were
wicked.
For
the
person
who
lives
an
evil
life
hates
the
light,
and
will
not
come
to
it,
fearing
that
their
actions
will
be
exposed;
but
the
person
who
lives
by
the
truth
comes
into
the
light,
so
it
can
be
clearly
seen
that
God
is
in
all
they
do.
After
this,
Jesus
went
with
his
disciples
into
the
country
parts
of
Judea;
and
there
he
stayed
with
them,
and baptized.
John,
also,
was baptizing
at Aenon
near
Salim,
because
there
were
many
streams
there;
and
people
were
constantly
coming
and
being baptized.
(For
John
had
not
yet
been
imprisoned).
Now
a
discussion
arose
between
some
of
John’s
disciples
and
a
fellow
Jew
on
the
subject
of
purification;
and
the
disciples
came
to
John
and
said, “Rabbi,
the
man
who
was
with
you
on
the
other
side
of
the
Jordan,
and
to
whom
you
have
yourself
borne
testimony –
he,
also,
is baptizing,
and
everybody
is
going
to
him.”
John’s
answer
was – “A
person
can
gain
nothing
but
what
is
given
them
from
heaven.
You
are
yourselves
witnesses
that
I
said ‘I
am
not
the
Christ,’
but ‘I
have
been
sent
before
him
as
a
messenger.’
It
is
the
groom
who
has
the
bride;
but
the groom’s
friend,
who
stands
by
and
listens
to
him,
is
filled
with
joy
when
he
hears
the groom’s
voice.
This
joy
I
have
felt
to
the
full.
He
must
become
greater,
and
I
less.”
He
who
comes
from
above
is
above
all
others;
but
a
child
of
earth
is
earthly,
and
his
teaching
is
earthly,
too.
He
who
comes
from
heaven
is
above
all
others.
He states
what
he
has
seen
and
what
he
heard,
and
yet
no
one
accepts
his
statement.
They
who
did
accept
his
statement
confirm
the
fact
that
God
is
true.
For
he
whom
God
sent
as
his
messenger
gives
us
God’s
own
teaching,
for
God
does
not
limit
the
gift
of
the
Spirit.
The
Father
loves
his
Son,
and
has
put
everything
in
his
hands.
The
person
who
believes
in
the
Son
has
eternal
life,
while
a
person
who
rejects
the
Son
will
not
even
see
that
life,
but
remains
under
God’s
displeasure.
Now,
when
the
Master
heard
that
the
Pharisees
had
been
told
that
he
was
making
and baptizing
more
disciples
than
John
(Though
it
was
not
Jesus
himself,
but
his
disciples,
who baptized),
he
left
Judea,
and
set
out
again
for
Galilee.
He
had
to
pass
through
Samaria,
and,
on
his
way,
he
came
to
a
Samaritan
town
called
Shechem,
near
the
plot
of
land
that
Jacob
gave
to
his
son
Joseph.
Jacob’s
Spring
was
there,
and
Jesus,
being
tired
after
his
journey,
sat
down
beside
the
spring,
just
as
he
was.
It
was
then
about
midday.
A
woman
of
Samaria
came
to
draw
water;
and
Jesus
said
to
her –
“Give
me
some
to
drink,”
For
his
disciples
had
gone
into
the
town
to
buy
food.
“How
is
it,”
replied
the
Samaritan
woman, “that
you
who
are
a
Jew
ask
for
water
from
a
Samaritan
woman
like
me?” (For
Jews
do
not
associate
with
Samaritans).
“If
you
knew
of
the
gift
of
God,”
replied
Jesus,
“and
who
it
is
that
is
saying
to
you ‘Give
me
some
water,’
you
would
have
asked
him,
and
he
would
have
given
you
living
water.”
“You
have
no
bucket,
Sir,
and
the
well
is
deep,”
she
said. “Where
did
you
get
that ‘living
water?’
Surely
you
are
not
greater
than
our
ancestor
Jacob
who
gave
us
the
well,
and
used
to
drink
from
it
himself,
and
his
sons,
and
his
cattle!”
“All
who
drink
of
this
water,”
replied
Jesus,
“will
be
thirsty
again;
but
whoever
once
drinks
of
the
water
that
I
will
give
him
will
never
thirst
any
more;
but
the
water
that
I
will
give
him
will
become
a
spring welling
up
within
him –
a
source
of
eternal
life.”
“Give
me
this
water,
Sir,”
said
the
woman, “so
that
I
may
not
be
thirsty,
nor
have
to
come
all
the
way
here
to
draw
water.”
“Go
and
call
your
husband,”
said
Jesus,
“and
then
come
back.”
“I
have
no
husband,”
answered
the
woman.
“You
are
right
in
saying ‘I
have
no
husband,’”
replied
Jesus,
“For
you
have
had
five
husbands,
and
the
man
with
whom
you
are
now
living
is
not
your
husband;
in
saying
that,
you
have
spoken
the
truth.”
“I
see,
Sir,
that
you
are
a
prophet!”
exclaimed
the
woman.
“It
was
on
this
mountain
that
our
ancestors
worshiped;
and
yet
you
Jews
say
that
the
proper
place
for
worship
is
in
Jerusalem.”
“Believe
me,”
replied
Jesus,
“a
time
is
coming
when
it
will
be
neither
on
this
mountain
nor
in
Jerusalem
that
you
will
worship
the
Father.
You
Samaritans
do
not
know
what
you
worship;
we
know
what
we
worship,
for
salvation
comes
from
the
Jews.
But
a
time
is
coming,
indeed
it
is
already
here,
when
the
true
worshipers
will
worship
the
Father
spiritually
and
truly;
for
such
are
the
worshipers
that
the
Father
desires.
God
is
Spirit;
and
those
who
worship
him
must
worship
spiritually
and
truly.”
“I
know,”
answered
the
woman, “that
the
Messiah,
who
is
called
the
Christ,
is
coming;
when
once
he
has
come,
he
will
tell
us
everything.”
“I
am
he,”
Jesus
said
to
her,
“I
who
am
speaking
to
you.”
At
this
moment
his
disciples
came
up,
and
were
surprised
to
find
him
talking
with
a
woman;
but
none
of
them
asked ‘What
do
you
want?’
or ‘Why
are
you
talking
with
her?’
So
the
woman,
leaving
her
pitcher,
went
back
to
the
town,
and
said
to
the
people,
“Come
and
see
someone
who
has
told
me
everything
that
I
have
done.
Can
he
be
the
Christ?”
And
the
people
left
the
town
and
went
to
see
Jesus.
Meanwhile
the
disciples
kept
saying
to
him, “Take
something
to
eat,
Rabbi.”
“I
have
food
to
eat,”
he
answered,
“of
which
you
know
nothing.”
“Can
anyone
have
brought
him
anything
to
eat?”
the
disciples
said
to
one
another.
“My
food,”
replied
Jesus,
“is
to
do
the
will
of
him
who
sent
me,
and
to
complete
his
work.
Don’t
you
say
that
it
still
wants
four
months
to
harvest?
Why,
look
up,
and
see
how
white
the
fields
are
for
harvest!
Already
the
reaper
is
receiving
wages
and
gathering
in
sheaves
for
eternal
life,
so
that
sower
and
reaper
rejoice
together.
For
here
the
proverb
holds
good – ‘One
sows,
another
reaps.’
I
have
sent
you
to
reap
that
on
which
you
have
spent
no
labor;
others
have
labored,
and
you
have
reaped
the
results
of
their
labor.”
Many
from
that
town
came
to
believe
in
Jesus –
Samaritans
though
they
were –
because
the
woman
had
said, ‘He
has
told
me
everything
that
I
have
done.’
And,
when
these
Samaritans
had
come
to
Jesus,
they
begged
him
to
stay
with
them,
and
he
stayed
there
two
days.
But
far
more
came
to
believe
in
him
because
of
what
he
said
himself,
and
they
said
to
the
woman, “It
is
no
longer
because
of
what
you
say
that
we
believe
in
him,
for
we
have
heard
him
ourselves
and
know
that
he
really
is
the
Savior
of
the
world.”
After
these
two
days
Jesus
went
on
to
Galilee;
for
he
himself
declared
that ‘a
prophet
is
not
honored
in
his
own
country.’
When
he
entered
Galilee,
the
Galileans
welcomed
him,
for
they
had
seen
all
that
he
did
at
Jerusalem
during
the
Festival,
at
which
they
also
had
been
present.
So
Jesus
came
again
to
Cana
in
Galilee,
where
he
had
turned
the
water
into
wine.
Now
there
was
one
of
the
king’s
officers
whose
son
was
lying
ill
at
Capernaum.
When
this
man
heard
that
Jesus
had
returned
from
Judea
to
Galilee,
he
went
to
him,
and
begged
him
to
come
down
and
cure
his
son;
for
he
was
at
the
point
of
death.
Jesus
answered,
“Unless
you
all
see
signs
and
wonders,
you
will
not
believe.”
“Sir,”
said
the
officer, “come
down
before
my
child
dies.”
And
Jesus
answered, “Go,
your
son
is
living.”
The
man
believed
what
Jesus
said
to
him,
and
went;
and,
while
he
was
on
his
way
down,
his
servants
met
him,
and
told
him
that
his
child
was
living.
So
he
asked
them
at
what
time
the
boy
began
to
get
better. “It
was
yesterday,
about
one o’clock,”
they
said, “that
the
fever
left
him.”
By
this
the
father
knew
that
it
was
at
the
very
time
when
Jesus
had
said
to
him
‘Your
son
is living’;
and
he
himself,
with
all
his
household,
believed
in
Jesus.
This
was
the
second
occasion
on
which
Jesus
gave
a
sign
of
his
mission
on
coming
from
Judea
to
Galilee.
Sometime
after
this
there
was
a
Jewish
Festival;
and
Jesus
went
up
to
Jerusalem.
There
is
in
Jerusalem,
near
the sheep-gate,
a
bath
with
five colonnades
around
it.
It
is
called
in
Hebrew ‘Bethesda.’
In
these colonnades
a
large
number
of
sick
people
were
lying –
blind,
lame,
and
crippled.
5.4
Some later manuscripts add: for an angel of the Lord went down at certain times into the pool, and stirred up the water. The first person to step in after the stirring of the water was healed of whatever disease they had.
One
man
who
was
there
had
been
crippled
for
thirty-eight
years.
Jesus
saw
the
man
lying
there,
and,
finding
that
he
had
been
in
this
state
a
long
time,
said
to
him,
“Do
you
wish
to
be
cured?”
“I
have
no
one,
Sir,”
the
sick
man
answered, “to
put
me
into
the
bath
when
there
is
a
troubling
of
the
water,
and,
while
I
am
getting
to
it,
someone
else
steps
down
before
me.”
“Stand
up,”
said
Jesus,
“take
up
your
mat,
and
walk.”
The
man
was
cured
immediately,
and
took
up
his
mat
and
began
walking.
Now
it
was
the
Sabbath.
So
the religious
authorities
said
to
the
man
who
had
been
cured, “This
is
the
Sabbath;
you
must
not
carry
your
mat.”
“The
man
who
cured
me,”
he
answered, “said
to
me
‘Take
up
your
mat
and
walk.’”
“Who
was
it,”
they
asked, “that
said
to
you
‘Take
up
your mat
and walk’?”
But
the
man
who
had
been
restored
did
not
know
who
it
was;
for
Jesus
had
moved
away,
because
there
was
a
crowd
there.
Afterward
Jesus
found
the
man
in
the
Temple
Courts,
and
said
to
him,
“You
are
cured
now;
do
not
sin
again,
or
something
worse
may
happen
to
you.”
The
man
went
away,
and
told
the
authorities
that
it
was
Jesus
who
had
cured
him.
And
that
was
why
they
began
to
persecute
Jesus –
because
he
did
things
of
this
kind
on
the
Sabbath.
But Jesus
replied,
“My
Father
works
to
this
very
hour,
and
I
work
also.”
This
made
the
authorities
all
the
more
eager
to
kill
him,
because
not
only
was
he
doing
away
with
the
Sabbath,
but
he
actually
called
God
his
own
Father –
putting
himself
on
an
equality
with
God.
So
Jesus
made
this
further
reply,
“In
truth
I
tell
you,
the
Son
can
do
nothing
of
himself;
he
does
only
what
he
sees
the
Father
doing;
whatever
the
Father
does,
the
Son
does
also.
For
the
Father
loves
his
Son,
and
shows
him
everything
that
he
is
doing;
and
he
will
show
him
still
greater
things –
so
that
you
will
be
filled
with
wonder.
For,
just
as
the
Father
raises
the
dead
and
gives
them
life,
so
also
the
Son
gives
life
to
whom
he
pleases.
The
Father
himself
does
not
judge
any
one,
but
has
entrusted
the
work
of
judging
entirely
to
his
Son,
so
that
everyone
may
honor
the
Son,
just
as
they
honor
the
Father.
The
person
who
does
not
honour
the
Son
fails
to
honour
the
Father
who
sent
him.
In
truth
I
tell
you
that
the
person
who
listens
to
my
message
and
believes
him
who
sent
me,
has
eternal
life,
and
does
not
come
under
condemnation,
but
has
already
passed
out
of
death
into
life.
In
truth
I
tell
you
that
a
time
is
coming,
indeed
it
is
already
here,
when
the
dead
will
listen
to
the
voice
of
the
Son
of
God,
and
when
those
who
listen
will
live.
For,
just
as
the
Father
has inherent
life
within
him,
so
also
he
has
granted
to
the
Son
to
have inherent
life
within
him;
and,
because
he
is
Son
of
Man,
he
has
also
given
him
authority
to
act
as
judge.
Do
not
wonder
at
this;
for
the
time
is
coming
when
all
who
are
in
their
graves
will
hear
his
voice,
and
will
come
out –
those
who
have
done
good
rising
to
life,
and
those
who
have
lived
evil
lives
rising
for
condemnation.
I
can
do
nothing
of
myself;
I
judge
as
I
am
taught;
and
the
judgment
that
I
give
is
just,
because
my
aim
is
not
to
do
my
own
will,
but
the
will
of
him
who
sent
me.
“If
I
bear
testimony
to
myself,
my
testimony
is
not
trustworthy;
it
is
another
who
bears
testimony
to
me,
and
I
know
that
the
testimony
which
he
bears
to
me
is
trustworthy.
You
have
yourselves
sent
to
John,
and
he
has
testified
to
the
truth.
But
the
testimony
which
I
receive
is
not
from
people;
I
am
saying
this
for
your
salvation.
He
was
the
Lamp
that
was
burning
and
shining,
and
you
were
ready
to
rejoice,
for
a
time,
in
his
light.
But
the
testimony
which
I
have
is
of
greater
weight
than
John’s;
for
the
work
that
the
Father
has
given
me
to
carry
out –
the
work
that
I
am
doing –
is
in
itself
proof
that
the
Father
has
sent
me
as
his
messenger.
The
Father
who
has
sent
me
has
himself
borne
testimony
to
me.
You
have
neither
listened
to
his
voice,
not
seen
his
form;
and
you
have
not
taken
his
message
home
to
your
hearts,
because
you
do
not
believe
him
whom
he
sent
as
his
messenger.
You
search
the
scriptures,
because
you
think
that
you
find
in
them immortal
life;
and,
though
it
is
those
scriptures
that
bear
testimony
to
me,
you
refuse
to
come
to
me
to
have
life.
“I
do
not
receive
honor
from
people,
but
I
know
this
of
you,
that
you
have
not
the
love
of
God
in
your
hearts.
I
have
come
in
my
Father’s
name,
and
you
do
not
receive
me;
if
another
comes
in
his
own
name,
you
will
receive
him.
How
can
you
believe
in
me,
when
you
receive
honor
from
one
another
and
do
not
desire
the
honor
which
comes
from
the
only
God?
Do
not
think
that
I
will
accuse
you
to
the
Father;
your
accuser
is
Moses,
on
whom
you
have
been
resting
your
hopes.
For,
had
you
believed
Moses,
you
would
have
believed
me,
for
it
was
of
me
that
Moses
wrote;
but,
if
you
do
not
believe
his
writings,
how
will
you
believe
my
teaching?”
After
this,
Jesus
crossed
the
Sea
of
Galilee –
otherwise
called
the
Lake
of
Tiberias.
A
great
crowd
of
people,
however,
followed
him,
because
they
saw
the
signs
of
his
mission
in
his
work
among
those
who
were
sick.
Jesus
went
up
the
hill,
and
sat
down
there
with
his
disciples.
It
was
near
the
time
of
the
Jewish
Festival
of
the
Passover.
Looking
up,
and noticing
that
a
great
crowd
was
coming towards
him,
Jesus
said
to
Philip,
“Where
are
we
to
buy
bread
for
these
people
to
eat?”
He
said
this
to
test
him,
for
he
himself
knew
what
he
meant
to
do.
“Even
if
we
spent
a
years’
wages
on
bread,”
answered
Philip, “it
would
not
be
enough
for
each
of
them
to
have
a
little.”
“There
is
a
boy
here,”
said Andrew,
another
of
his
disciples,
Simon
Peter’s
brother,
“Who
has
five
barley
loaves
and
two
fish;
but
what
is
that
for
so
many?”
“Make
the
people
sit
down,”
said
Jesus.
It
was
a grassy
spot;
so
the
people,
who
numbered
about
five
thousand,
sat
down,
and
then
Jesus
took
the
loaves,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
distributed
them
to
those
who
were
sitting
down;
and
the
same
with
the
fish,
giving
the
people
as
much
as
they
wanted.
When
they
were
satisfied,
Jesus
said
to
his
disciples,
“Collect
the
broken
pieces
that
are
left,
so
that
nothing
may
be
wasted.”
The
disciples
did
so,
and
filled
twelve
baskets
with
the
pieces
of
the
five
barley
loaves,
which
were
left
after
all
had
eaten.
When
the
people
saw
the
signs
which
Jesus
gave,
they
said, “This
is
certainly
the
prophet
who
was
to
come
into
the
world.”
But
Jesus,
having
discovered
that
they
were
intending
to
come
and
carry
him
off
to
make
him
king,
went
again
up
the
hill,
quite
alone.
When
evening
fell,
his
disciples
went
down
to
the
sea,
and,
getting
into
a
boat,
began
to
cross
to
Capernaum.
By
this
time
darkness
had
set
in,
and
Jesus
had
not
yet
come
back
to
them;
the
sea,
too,
was
getting
rough,
for
a
strong
wind
was
blowing.
When
they
had
rowed
three
or
four
miles,
they
caught
sight
of
him
walking
on
the
water
and
approaching
the
boat,
and
they
were
frightened.
But
Jesus
said
to
them,
“It
is
I;
do
not
be
afraid!”
And
after
this
they
were
glad
to
take
him
into
the
boat;
and
the
boat
at
once
arrived
off
the
shore,
for
which
they
had
been
making.
The
people
who
remained
on
the
other
side
of
the
sea
had
seen
that
only
one
boat
had
been
there,
and
that
Jesus
had
not
gone
into
it
with
his
disciples,
but
that
they
had
left
without
him.
Some
boats,
however,
had
come
from
Tiberias,
from
near
the
spot
where
they
had
eaten
the
bread
after
the
Master
had
said
the
thanksgiving.
So,
on
the
next
day,
when
the
people
saw
that
Jesus
was
not
there,
or
his
disciples
either,
they
themselves
got
into
the
boats,
and
went
to
Capernaum
to
look
for
him.
And,
when
they
found
him
on
the
other
side
of
the
sea,
they
said, “When
did
you
get
here,
Rabbi?”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“it
is
not
because
of
the
signs
which
you
saw
that
you
are
looking
for
me,
but
because
you
had
the
bread
to
eat
and
were
satisfied.
Work,
not
for
the
food
that
perishes,
but
for
the
food
that
lasts
for
eternal
life,
which
the
Son
of
Man
will
give
you;
for
on
him
the
Father –
God
himself –
has
set
the
seal
of
his
approval.”
“How,”
they
asked, “are
we
to
do
the
work
that
God
wants
us
to
do?”
“The
work
that
God
wants
you
to
do,”
answered
Jesus,
“is
to
believe
in
him
whom
God
sent
as
his
messenger.”
“What
sign,
then,”
they
asked, “are
you
giving,
which
we
may
see,
and
so
believe
you?
What
is
the
work
that
you
are
doing?
Our
ancestors
had
the
manna
to
eat
in
the
desert;
as
scripture
says – ‘He
gave
them
bread
from
heaven
to
eat.’”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“Moses
did
not
give
you
the
bread
from
heaven,
but
my
Father
does
give
you
the
true
bread
from
heaven;
for
the
bread
that
God
gives
is
that
which
comes
down
from
heaven,
and
gives
life
to
the
world.”
“Master,”
they
exclaimed, “give
us
that
bread
always!”
“I
am
the
life-giving
bread,”
Jesus
said
to
them,
“whoever
comes
to
me
will
never
be
hungry,
and
whoever
believes
in
me
will
never
thirst
again.
But,
as
I
have
said
already,
you
have
seen
me,
and
yet
you
do
not
believe
in
me.
All
those
whom
the
Father
gives
me
will
come
to
me;
and
no
one
who
comes
to
me
will
I
ever
turn
away.
For
I
have
come
down
from
heaven,
to
do,
not
my
own
will,
but
the
will
of
him
who
sent
me;
and
his
will
is
this –
that
I
should
not
lose
one
of
all
those
whom
he
has
given
me,
but
should
raise
them
up
at
the
Last
day.
For
it
is
the
will
of
my
Father
that
everyone
who
sees
the
Son,
and
believes
in
him,
should
have immortal
life;
and
I
myself
will
raise
him
up
at
the
Last
day.”
The
people
began
murmuring
against
Jesus
for
saying –
‘I
am
the
bread
which
came
down
from
heaven.’
“Is
not
this
Jesus,
Joseph’s
son,”
they
asked, “whose
father
and
mother
we
know?
How
is
it
that
he
now
says
that
he
has
come
down
from
heaven?”
“Do
not
murmur
among
yourselves,”
said
Jesus
in
reply.
“No
one
can
come
to
me,
unless
the
Father
who
sent
me
draws
him
to
me;
and
I
will
raise
him
up
at
the
Last
day.
It
is
said
in
the
prophets – ‘And
they
will
all
be
taught
by
God.’
Everyone
who
is
taught
by
the
Father
and
learns
from
him
comes
to
me.
Not
that
anyone
has
seen
the
Father,
except
him
who
is
from
God –
he
has
seen
the
Father.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
the
person
who
believes
in
me
has
eternal
life.
I
am
the
life-giving
bread.
Your
ancestors
ate
the
manna
in
the
desert,
and
yet
died.
The
bread
that
comes
down
from
heaven
is
such
that
whoever
eats
of
it
will
never
die.
I
am
the
living
bread
that
has
come
down
from
heaven.
If
anyone
eats
of
this
bread,
they
will
live
for
ever;
and
the
bread
that
I
will
give
is
my
flesh,
which
I
will
give
for
the
life
of
the
world.”
They
began disputing
with
one
another, “How
is
it
possible
for
this
man
to
give
us
his
flesh
to
eat?”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“unless
you
eat
the
flesh
of
the
Son
of
Man,
and
drink
his
blood,
you
have
not
life
within
you.
Everyone
who
takes
my
flesh
for
their
food,
and
drinks
my
blood,
has
eternal
life;
and
I
will
raise
them
up
at
the
Last
day.
For
my
flesh
is
true
food,
and
my
blood
true
drink.
Everyone
who
takes
my
flesh
for
their
food,
and
drinks
my
blood,
remains
united
to
me,
and
I
to
them.
As
the
living
Father
sent
me
as
his
messenger,
and
as
I
live
because
the
Father
lives,
so
the
person
who
takes
me
for
their
food
will
live
because
I
live.
That
is
the
bread
which
has
come
down
from
heaven –
not
such
as
your
ancestors
ate,
and
yet
died;
the
person
who
takes
this
bread
for
their
food
will
live
for
ever.”
All
this
Jesus
said
in
a
synagogue,
when
he
was
teaching
in
Capernaum.
On
hearing
it,
many
of
his
disciples
said, “This
is
harsh
doctrine!
Who
can
bear
to
listen
to
it?”
But
Jesus,
aware
that
his
disciples
were
murmuring
about
it,
said
to
them,
“Is
this
a hindrance
to
you?
What,
then,
if
you
should
see
the
Son
of
Man
ascending
where
he
was
before?
It
is
the
Spirit
that
gives
life;
human
strength achieves
nothing.
In
the
teaching
that
I
have
been
giving
you
there
is
Spirit
and
there
is
life.
Yet
there
are
some
of
you
who
do
not
believe
in
me.”
For
Jesus
knew
from
the
first
who
they
were
that
did
not
believe
in
him,
and
who
it
was
that
would
betray
him;
and
he
added,
“This
is
why
I
told
you
that
no
one
can
come
to
me,
unless
enabled
by
the
Father.”
After
this
many
of
his
disciples
drew
back,
and
did
not
go
about
with
him
any
longer.
So
Jesus
said
to
the
Twelve,
“Do
you
also
wish
to
leave
me?”
But
Simon
Peter
answered, “Master,
to
whom
would
we
go?
Eternal
life
is
in
your
teaching;
and
we
have
learned
to
believe
and
to
know
that
you
are
the
Holy
One
of
God.”
“Didn’t
I
myself
choose
you
to
be
the
Twelve?”
replied
Jesus,
“and
yet,
even
of
you,
one
is
playing
the devil’s
part.”
He
meant
Judas,
the
son
of
Simon
Iscariot,
who
was
about
to
betray
him,
though
he
was
one
of
the
Twelve.
After
this,
Jesus
went
about
in
Galilee,
for
he
would
not
do
so
in
Judea,
because
the religious
authorities (in
Jerusalem)
were
eager
to
put
him
to
death.
When
the
Jewish
Festival
of
Tabernacles
was
near,
his
brothers
said
to
him, “Leave
this
part
of
the
country,
and
go
into
Judea,
so
that
your
disciples,
as
well
as
we,
may
see
the
work
that
you
are
doing.
For
no
one
does
a
thing
privately,
if
they
are
seeking
to
be widely
known.
Since
you
do
these
things,
you
should
show
yourself
publicly
to
the
world.”
For
even
his
brothers
did
not
believe
in
him.
“My
time,”
answered
Jesus,
“is
not
come
yet,
but
your
time
is
always
here.
The
world
cannot
hate
you,
but
it
does
hate
me,
because
I
testify
that
its
ways
are
evil.
Go
yourselves
up
to
the
Festival;
I
am
not
going
to
this
Festival
yet,
because
my
time
has
not
yet
come.”
After
telling
them
this,
he
stayed
on
in
Galilee.
But,
when
his
brothers
had
gone
up
to
the
Festival,
Jesus
also
went
up –
not
publicly,
but
privately.
The
authorities
were
looking
for
him
at
the
Festival
and
asking ‘Where
is
he?’;
and
there
were
many whispers
about
him
among
the
people,
some
saying ‘He
is
a
good
man;’
others, ‘No!
He
is
leading
the
people
astray.’
No
one,
however,
spoke
freely
about
him,
because
they
were
afraid
of
the
authorities.
About
the
middle
of
the
Festival
week,
Jesus
went
up
into
the
Temple
Courts,
and
began
teaching.
The
authorities
were
astonished. “How
has
this
man
got
his
learning,”
they
asked, “when
he
has
never
studied?”
So,
in
reply,
Jesus
said,
“My
teaching
is
not
my
own;
it
is
his
who
sent
me.
If
anyone
has
the
will
to
do
God’s
will,
they
will
find
out
whether
my
teaching
is
from
God,
or
whether
I
speak
on
my
own
authority.
The
person
who
speaks
on
their
own
authority
seeks
honor
for
themselves;
but
the
one
who
seeks
the
honor
of
him
who
sent
him
is
sincere,
and
there
is
nothing
false
in
him.
Was
not
it
Moses
who
gave
you
the
Law?
Yet
not
one
of
you
obeys
it!
Why
are
you
seeking
to
put
me
to
death?”
“You
must
be
possessed
by
a
demon!”
the
people
exclaimed. “Who
is
seeking
to
put
you
to
death?”
“There
was
one
thing
I
did,”
replied
Jesus,
“at
which
you
are
all
still
wondering.
But
that
is
why
Moses
has
instituted
circumcision
among
you –
not,
indeed,
that
it
began
with
him,
but
with
our
ancestors –
and
that
is
why
you
circumcise
even
on
a
Sabbath.
When
a
man
receives
circumcision
on
a
Sabbath
to
prevent
the
Law
of
Moses
from
being
broken,
how
can
you
be
angry
with
me
for
making
a
man
sound
and
well
on
a
Sabbath?
Do
not
judge
by
appearances;
judge
justly.”
At
this
some
of
the
people
of
Jerusalem
exclaimed, “Is
not
this
the
man
who
they
are
seeking
to
put
to
death?
Yet
here
he
is,
speaking
out
boldly,
and
they
say
nothing
to
him!
Is
it possible
that
our
leading
men
have
really
discovered
that
he
is
the
Christ?
Yet
we
know
where
this
man
is
from;
but,
when
the
Christ
comes,
no
one
will
be
able
to
tell
where
he
is
from.”
Therefore,
Jesus,
as
he
was
teaching
in
the
Temple
Courts,
raised
his
voice
and
said,
“Yes;
you
know
me
and
you
know
where
I
am
from.
Yet
I
have
not
come
on
my
own
authority,
but
he
who
sent
me
may
be
trusted;
and
him
you
do
not
know.
I
do
know
him,
for
it
is
from
him
that
I
have
come,
and
he
sent
me
as
his
messenger.”
So
they
sought
to
arrest
him;
but
no
one
touched
him,
for
his
time
was
not
come
yet.
Many
of
the
people,
however,
believed
in
him. “When
the
Christ
comes,”
they
said, “will
he
give
more
signs
of
his
mission
than
this
man
has
given?”
The
Pharisees
heard
the
people
whispering
about
him
in
this
way,
and
so
the
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees
sent
officers
to
arrest
him;
at
which
Jesus
said,
“I
will
be
with
you
but
a
little
longer,
and
then
I
am
going
to
him
who
sent
me.
You
will
look
for
me,
and
you
will
not
find
me;
and
you
will
not
be
able
to
come
where
I
will
be.”
“Where
is
this
man
going,”
the
people
asked
one
another, “that
we
would
not
find
him?
Will
he
go
to
our
countrymen
abroad,
and
teach
foreigners?
What
does
he
mean
by
saying
‘You
will
look
for
me,
and
you
will
not
find
me;
and
you
will
not
be
able
to
come
where
I
will be’?”
On
the
last
and
greatest
day
of
the
Festival,
Jesus,
who
was
standing
by,
exclaimed,
“If
anyone
is
thirsty,
they
should
come
to
me
and
drink.
From
the
heart
of
those
who
believe
in
me
will
flow,
as
is
said
in
scripture,
rivers
of
living
water.”
(By
this
he
meant
the
Spirit,
which
those
who
had
believed
in
him
were
to
receive;
for
the
Spirit
had
not
yet
come,
because
Jesus
had
not
yet
been
exalted.)
Some
of
the
people,
when
they
heard
these
words,
said, “This
is
certainly
the
Prophet!”;
others
said, “the
Christ!”;
but
some
asked, “What!
Does
the
Christ
come
from
Galilee?
Is
not
it
said
in
scripture
that
it
is
of
the
descendants
of
David,
and
from
Bethlehem,
the
village
to
which
David
belonged,
that
the
Christ
is
to
come?”
So
there
was
a
sharp
division
among
the
people
because
of
Jesus.
Some
of
them
wanted
to
arrest
him,
and
yet
no
one
touched
him.
When
the
officers
returned
to
the
chief
priests
and
Pharisees,
they
were
asked, “Why
have
you
not
brought
him?”
“No
one
ever
spoke
as
he
speaks!”
they
answered.
“What!
Have
you
been
led
astray
too?”
the
Pharisees
replied.
“Have
any
of
our
leading
men
believed
in
him,
or
any
of
the
Pharisees?
As
for
these
people
who
do
not
know
the
Law –
they
are
cursed!”
But
one
of
their
number,
Nicodemus,
who
before
this
had
been
to
see
Jesus,
said
to
them,
“Does
our
Law
pass
judgment
on
a
person
without
first
giving
them
a
hearing,
and
finding
out
what
they
have
been
doing?”
“Are
you
also
from
Galilee?”
they retorted. “Search,
and
you
will
find
that
no
prophet
is
to
arise
in
Galilee!”
And
everyone
went
home
except
Jesus,
who
went
to
the
Mount
of
Olives
8.1
This passage is inserted in some manuscripts from an ancient source, and found either after John 7:53 or after Luke 21:38 or elsewhere..
But
he
went
again
into
the
Temple
Courts
early
in
the
morning,
and
all
the
people
came
to
him;
and
he
sat
down
and
taught
them.
Presently,
however,
the
Teachers
of
the
Law
and
the
Pharisees
brought
a
woman
who
had
been
caught
in
adultery,
and
placed
her
in
the
middle
of
the
Court,
and
said
to
Jesus, “Teacher,
this
woman
was
found
in
the
act
of
adultery.
Now
Moses,
in
the
Law,
commanded
us
to
stone
such
women
to
death;
what
do
you
say?”
They
said
this
to
test
him,
in
order
to
have
a
charge
to
bring
against
him.
But
Jesus
stooped
down,
and
wrote
on
the
ground
with
his
finger.
However,
as
they
continued
asking
him,
he
raised
himself,
and
said, “Let
the
person
among
you
who
has
never
done
wrong
throw
the
first
stone
at
her.”
And
again
he
stooped
down,
and
wrote
on
the
ground.
When
they
heard
that,
they
went
out
one
by
one,
beginning
with
the
eldest;
and
Jesus
was
left
alone
with
the
woman
in
the
middle
of
the
Court.
Raising
himself,
Jesus
said
to
her, “Woman,
where
are
they?
Did
no
one
condemn
you?”
“No
one,
Sir,”
she
answered.
“Neither
do
I
condemn
you,”
said
Jesus “go,
and
do
not
sin
again.”
Jesus
again
addressed
the
people.
“I
am
the
light
of
the
world,”
he
said.
“The
person
who
follows
me
will
not
walk
in
darkness,
but
will
have
the
light
of
life.”
“You
are
bearing
testimony
to
yourself!”
exclaimed
the
Pharisees, “your
testimony
is
not
trustworthy.”
“Even
if
I
bear
testimony
to
myself,”
answered
Jesus,
“my
testimony
is
trustworthy;
for
I
know
where
I
came
from,
and
where
I
am
going;
but
you
do
not
know
where
I
come
from,
nor
where
I
am
going.
You
judge
by
appearances;
I
judge
no
one.
Yet,
even
if
I
were
to
judge,
my
judgment
would
be
trustworthy;
because
I
am
not
alone,
but
the
Father
who
sent
me
is
with
me.
Why,
in
your
own
Law
it
is
said
that
the
testimony
of
two
persons
is
trustworthy.
I,
who
bear
testimony
to
myself,
am
one,
and
the
Father
who
sent
me
also
bears
testimony
to
me.”
“Where
is
your
father,
then?”
they
asked.
“You
know
neither
me
nor
my
Father,”
replied
Jesus.
“If
you
had
known
me,
you
would
have
also
known
my
Father.”
These
statements
Jesus
made
in
the
Treasury,
while
teaching
in
the
Temple
Courts.
Yet
no
one
arrested
him,
for
his
time
had
not
then
come.
Jesus
again
spoke
to
the
people.
“I
am
going
away,”
he
said,
“and
you
will
look
for
me,
but
you
will
die
in
your
sin;
you
cannot
come
where
I
am
going.”
“Is
he
going
to
kill
himself,”
the
people
exclaimed, “that
he
says –
‘You
cannot
go
where
I
am going’?”
“You,”
added
Jesus,
“are
from
below,
I
am
from
above;
you
are
of
this
present
world,
I
am
not;
and
so
I
told
you
that
you
would
die
in
your
sins,
for,
unless
you
believe
that
I
am
what
I
am,
you
will
die
in
your
sins.”
“Who
are
you?”
they
asked.
“Why
ask
exactly
what
I
have
been
telling
you?”
said
Jesus.
“I
have
still
much
that
concerns
you
to
speak
of
and
to
pass
judgment
on;
yet
he
who
sent
me
may
be
trusted,
and
I
speak
to
the
world
only
of
the
things
which
I
have
heard
from
him.”
They
did
not
understand
that
he
meant
the
Father.
So
Jesus
added,
“When
you
have
lifted
up
the
Son
of
Man,
then
you
will
understand
that
I
am
what
I
am,
and
that
I
do
nothing
of
myself,
but
that
I
say
just
what
the
Father
has
taught
me.
Moreover,
he
who
sent
me
is
with
me;
he
has
not
left
me
alone;
for
I
always
do
what
pleases
him.”
While
he
was
speaking
in
this
way,
many
came
to
believe
in
him.
So
Jesus
went
on
to
say
to
those
who
had
believed
him,
“If
you
remain
constant
to
my
message,
you
are
truly
my
disciples;
and
you
will
find
out
the
truth,
and
the
truth
will
set
you
free.”
“We
are
descendants
of
Abraham,”
was
their
answer, “and
have
never
yet
been
in
slavery
to
anyone.
What
do
you
mean
by
saying
‘you
will
be
set free’?”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“everyone
who
sins
is
a
slave
to
sin.
And
a
slave
does
not
remain
in
the
home
always;
but
a
son
remains
always.
If,
then,
the
Son
sets
you
free,
you
will
be
free
indeed!
I
know
that
you
are
descendants
of
Abraham;
yet
you
are
seeking
to
put
me
to
death,
because
my
message
finds
no
place
in
your
hearts.
I
tell
you
what
I
have
myself
seen
in
the
presence
of
my
Father;
and
you,
in
the
same
way,
do
what
you
have
learned
from
your
father.”
“Our
father
is
Abraham,”
was
their
answer.
“If
you
are
Abraham’s
children,”
replied
Jesus,
“do
what
Abraham
did.
But,
as
it
is,
you
are
seeking
to
put
me
to
death –
a
man
who
has
told
you
the
truth
as
he
heard
it
from
God.
Abraham
did
not
act
in
that
way.
You
are
doing
what
your
own
father
does.”
“We
are
not bastards,”
they
said, “we
have
one
Father –
God
himself.”
“If
God
were
your
Father,”
Jesus
replied,
“you
would
have
loved
me,
for
I
came
out
from
God,
and
now
am
here;
and
I
have
not
come
of
myself,
but
he
sent
me
as
his
messenger.
How
is
it
that
you
do
not
understand
what
I
say?
It
is
because
you
cannot
bear
to
listen
to
my
message.
As
for
you,
you
are
children
of
your
father
the
devil,
and
you
are
determined
to
do
what
your
father
loves
to
do.
He
was
a
murderer
from
the
first,
and
did
not
stand
by
the
truth,
because
there
is
no
truth
in
him.
Whenever
he
lies,
he
does
what
is
natural
to
him;
because
he
is
a
liar,
and
the
father
of
lying.
But,
as
for
me,
it
is
because
I
speak
the
truth
to
you
that
you
do
not
believe
me.
Which
of
you
can
convict
me
of
sin?
Why
then
don’t
you
believe
me,
if
I
am
speaking
truth?
The
person
who
comes
from
God
listens
to
God’s
teaching;
the
reason
why
you
do
not
listen
is
because
you
do
not
come
from
God.”
“Aren’t
we
right,
after
all,”
replied
the
people, “in
saying
that
you
are
a
Samaritan,
and
are
possessed
by
a
demon?”
“I
am
not
possessed
by
a
demon,”
Jesus
answered,
“but
I
am
honoring
my
Father;
and
yet
you
dishonor
me.
Not
that
I
am
seeking
honor
for
myself;
there
is
one
who
is
seeking
my
honor,
and
he
decides.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
if
anyone
lays
my
message
to
heart,
he
will
never
really
die.”
“Now
we
are
sure
that
you
are
possessed
by
a
demon,”
the
people
replied. “Abraham
died,
and
so
did
the
prophets;
and
yet
you
say
‘If
anyone
lays
my
message
to
heart,
they
will
never
know
death.’
Are
you
greater
than
our
ancestor
Abraham,
who
died?
And
the
prophets
died
too.
Whom
do
you
make
yourself
out
to
be?”
“If
I
do
honor
to
myself,”
answered
Jesus,
“such
honor
counts
for
nothing.
It
is
my
Father
who
does
me
honor –
and
you
say
that
he
is
your
God;
and
yet
you
have
not
learned
to
know
him;
but
I
know
him;
and,
if
I
were
to
say
that
I
do
not
know
him,
I
should
be
a
liar
like
you;
but
I
do
know
him,
and
I
lay
his
message
to
heart.
Your
ancestor
Abraham
rejoiced
that
he
would
see
my
day;
and
he
did
see
it,
and
was
glad.”
“You
are
not
fifty
years
old
yet,”
the
people
exclaimed, “and
have
you
seen
Abraham?”
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“before
Abraham
existed
I
was.”
At
this
they
took
up
stones
to
throw
at
him;
but
Jesus
hid
himself,
and
left
the
Temple
Courts.
As
Jesus
passed
by,
he
saw
a
man
who
had
been
blind
from
his
birth.
“Rabbi,”
asked
his
disciples, “who
was
it
that
sinned,
this
man
or
his
parents,
that
he
was
born
blind?”
“Neither
the
man
nor
the
parents,”
replied
Jesus,
“but
he
was
born
blind
so
that
the
work
of
God
should
be
made
plain
in
him.
We
must
do
the
work
of
him
who
sent
me,
while
it
is
day;
night
is
coming,
when
no
one
can
work.
As
long
as
I
am
in
the
world,
I
am
the
light
of
the
world.”
Saying
this,
Jesus
spat
on
the
ground,
made
some paste
with
the
saliva,
and
put
it
on
the
man’s
eyes.
“Go,”
he
said,
“and
wash
your
eyes
in
the
Bath
of
Siloam” (a
word
which
means ‘messenger’).
So
the
man
went
and
washed
his
eyes,
and
returned
able
to
see.
His
neighbors,
and
those
who
had
formerly
known
him
by
sight
as
a
beggar,
exclaimed, “Is
not
this
the
man
who
used
to
sit
and
beg?”
“Yes,”
some
said, “it
is”;
while
others
said, “No,
but
he
is
like
him.”
The
man
himself
said, “I
am
he.”
“How
did
you
get
your
sight,
then?”
they
asked.
“The
man
whom
they
call
Jesus,”
he
answered, “made
a paste,
and
anointed
my
eyes,
and
said
to
me
‘Go
to
Siloam
and
wash
your
eyes.’
So
I
went
and
washed
my
eyes,
and
gained
my
sight.”
“Where
is
he?”
they
asked. “I
do
not
know,”
he
answered.
They
took
the
man,
who
had
been
blind,
to
the
Pharisees.
Now
it
was
a
Sabbath
when
Jesus
made
the paste
and
gave
him
his
sight.
So
the
Pharisees
also
questioned
the
man
as
to
how
he
had
gained
his
sight. “He
put
a paste
on
my
eyes,”
he
answered, “and
I
washed
them,
and
I
can
see.”
“The
man
cannot
be
from
God,”
said
some
of
the
Pharisees, “for
he
does
not
keep
the
Sabbath.”
“How
is
it
possible,” retorted
others, “for
a
bad
man
to
give
signs
like
this?”
So
there
was
a
difference
of
opinion
among
them,
and
they
again
questioned
the
man. “What
do
you
yourself
say
about
him,
for
it
is
to
you
that
he
has
given
sight?”
The religious
authorities,
however,
refused
to
believe
that
he
had
been
blind
and
had
gained
his
sight,
until
they
had
called
his
parents
and
questioned
them.
“Is
this
your
son,”
they
asked, “who
you
say
was
born
blind?
If
so,
how
is
it
that
he
can
see
now?”
“We
know
that
this
is
our
son,”
answered
the
parents, “and
that
he
was
born
blind;
but
how
it
is
that
he
can
see
now
we
do
not
know;
nor
do
we
know
who
it
was
that
gave
him
his
sight.
Ask
him –
he
is
old
enough –
he
will
tell
you
about
himself.”
His
parents
spoke
in
this
way
because
they
were
afraid
of
the
authorities;
for
the
authorities
had
already
agreed
that,
if
anyone
should
acknowledge
Jesus
as
the
Christ,
he
should
be
expelled
from
their
synagogues.
This
was
why
his
parents
said ‘He
is
old
enough;
ask
him.’
So
the
authorities
again
called
the
man
who
had
been
blind,
and
said
to
him, “Give
God
the
praise;
we
know
that
this
is
a
bad
man.”
“I
know
nothing
about
his
being
a
bad
man,”
he
replied. “One
thing
I
do
know,
that
although
I
was
blind,
now
I
can
see.”
“What
did
he
do
to
you?”
they
asked. “How
did
he
give
you
your
sight?”
“I
told
you
just
now,”
he
answered, “and
you
did
not
listen.
Why
do
you
want
to
hear
it
again?
Surely
you
also
do
not
want
to
become
his
disciples?”
“You
are
his
disciple,”
they retorted scornfully. “But
we
are
disciples
of
Moses.
We
know
that
God
spoke
to
Moses;
but,
as
for
this
man,
we
do
not
know
where
he
comes
from.”
“Well,”
the
man
replied, “this
is
very
strange;
you
do
not
know
where
he
comes
from,
and
yet
he
has
given
me
my
sight!
We
know
that
God
never
listens
to
bad
people,
but,
when
a
person
is
god-fearing
and
does
God’s
will,
God
listens
to
them.
Since
the
world
began,
such
a
thing
was
never
heard
of
as
anyone’s
giving
sight
to
a
person
born
blind.
If
this
man
had
not
been
from
God,
he
could
not
have
done
anything
at
all.”
“You,”
they retorted, “were
born
totally
depraved;
and
are
you
trying
to
teach
us?”
So
they
expelled
him.
Jesus
heard
of
their
having
put
him
out;
and,
when
he
had
found
the
man,
he
asked,
“Do
you
believe
in
the
Son
of
Man?”
“Tell
me
who
he
is,
Sir,”
he
replied, “so
that
I
may
believe
in
him.”
“Not
only
have
you
seen
him,”
said
Jesus,
“but
it
is
he
who
is
now
speaking
to
you.”
“Then,
Sir,
I
do
believe,”
said
the
man,
bowing
to
the
ground
before
him;
and
Jesus
added,
“It
was
to
put
people
to
the
test
that
I
came
into
this
world,
in
order
that
those
that
cannot
see
should
see,
and
that
those
that
can
see
should
become
blind.”
Hearing
this,
some
of
the
Pharisees
who
were
with
him
said, “Then
are
we
blind
too?”
“If
you
had
been
blind,”
replied
Jesus,
“you
would
have
had
no
sin
to
answer
for;
but,
as
it
is,
you
say ‘We
can
see,’
and
so
your
sin
remains.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
whoever
does
not
go
into
the sheepfold
through
the
door,
but
climbs
up
at
some
other
place,
that
person
is
a
thief
and
a
robber;
but
the
person
who
goes
in
through
the
door
is
shepherd
to
the
sheep.
For
him
the
watchman
opens
the
door;
and
the
sheep
listen
to
his
voice;
and
he
calls
his
own
sheep
by
name,
and
leads
them
out.
When
he
has
brought
them
all
out,
he
walks
in
front
of
them,
and
his
sheep
follow
him,
because
they
know
his
voice.
They
will
not
follow
a
stranger,
but
will
run
away
from
him;
because
they
do
not
know
a
stranger’s
voice.”
This
was
the allegory
that
Jesus
told
them,
but
they
did
not
understand
of
what
he
was
speaking.
So
he
continued,
“In
truth
I
tell
you,
I
am
the
door
for
the
sheep.
All
who
came
before
me
were
thieves
and
robbers;
but
the
sheep
did
not
listen
to
them.
I
am
the
door;
he
who
goes
in
through
me
will
be
safe,
and
he
will
go
in
and
out
and
find
pasture.
The
thief
comes
only
to
steal,
to
kill,
and
to
destroy;
I
have
come
so
that
they
may
have
life,
and
may
have
it
in
greater
fullness.
I
am
the
good
shepherd.
The
good
shepherd
lays
down
his
life
for
his
sheep.
The
hired
man
who
is
not
a
shepherd,
and
who
does
not
own
the
sheep,
when
he
sees
a
wolf
coming,
leaves
them
and
runs
away;
then
the
wolf
seizes
them,
and
scatters
the
flock.
He
does
this
because
he
is
only
a
hired
man
and
does
not
care
about
the
sheep.
I
am
the
good
shepherd;
and
I
know
my
sheep,
and
my
sheep
know
me –
Just
as
the
Father
knows
me
and
I
know
the
Father –
and
I
lay
down
my
life
for
the
sheep.
I
have
other
sheep
besides,
which
do
not
belong
to
this
fold;
I
must
lead
them
also,
and
they
will
listen
to
my
voice;
and
they
will
become
one
flock
under
one
shepherd.
This
is
why
the
Father
loves
me,
because
I
lay
down
my
life –
to
receive
it
again.
No
one
took
it
from
me,
but
I
lay
it
down
of
myself.
I
have
authority
to
lay
it
down,
and
I
have
authority
to
receive
it
again.
This
is
the
command
which
I
received
from
my
Father.”
In consequence
of
these
words
a
difference
of
opinion
again
arose
among
the
people.
Many
of
them
said, “He
is
possessed
by
a
demon
and
is
mad;
why
do
you
listen
to
him?”
Others
said, “This
is
not
the
teaching
of
one
who
is
possessed
by
a
demon.
Can
a
demon
give
sight
to
the
blind?”
Soon
after
this
the
Festival
of
the Rededication
was
held
at
Jerusalem.
It
was
winter;
and
Jesus
was
walking
in
the
Temple
Courts,
in
the Colonnade
of
Solomon,
when
the
people
gathered
around
him,
and
said, “How
long
are
you
going
to
keep
us
in
suspense?
If
you
are
the
Christ,
tell
us
so frankly.”
“I
have
told
you
so,”
replied
Jesus,
“and
you
do
not
believe
me.
The
work
that
I
am
doing
in
my
Father’s
name
bears
testimony
to
me.
But
you
do
not
believe
me,
because
you
are
not
of
my
flock.
My
sheep
listen
to
my
voice;
I
know
them,
and
they
follow
me;
and
I
give
them
eternal
life,
and
they
will
not
be
lost;
nor
will
anyone
snatch
them
out
of
my
hands.
What
my
Father
has
entrusted
to
me
is
more
than
all
else;
and
no
one
can
snatch
anything
out
of
the
Father’s
hands.
The
Father
and
I
are
one.”
Some
of
the
people
again
brought
stones
to
throw
at
him;
and
seeing
this,
Jesus
said,
“I
have
done
before
your
eyes
many
good
actions,
inspired
by
the
Father;
for
which
of
them
would
you
stone
me?”
“It
is
not
for
any
good
action
that
we
would
stone
you,”
they
answered, “but
for
blasphemy;
and
because
you,
who
are
only
a
man,
make
yourself
out
to
be
God.”
“Are
there
not,”
replied
Jesus,
“these
words
in
your
Law – ‘I
said,
You
are gods’?
If
those
to
whom
God’s
word
were
addressed
were
said
to
be ‘gods’ –
and
scripture
cannot
be
set
aside –
do
you
say
of
one
whom
the
Father
has
consecrated
and
sent
as
his
messenger
to
the
world ‘You
are
blaspheming,’
because
I
said ‘I
am
God’s Son’?
If
I
am
not
doing
the
work
that
my
Father
is
doing,
do
not
believe
me;
if
I
am
doing
it,
even
though
you
do
not
believe
me,
believe
what
that
work
shows;
so
that
you
may
understand,
and
understand
more
and
more
clearly,
that
the
Father
is
in
union
with
me,
and
I
with
the
Father.”
The
authorities
again
sought
to
arrest
him;
but
he
escaped
their
hands.
Then
Jesus
again
crossed
the
Jordan
to
the
place
where
John
used
to baptize
at
first,
and
stayed
there
some
time,
during
which
many
people
came
to
see
him.
“John
gave
no
sign
of
his
mission,”
they
said. “But
everything
that
he
said
about
this
man
was
true.”
And
many
learned
to
believe
in
Jesus
there.
Now
a
man
named
Lazarus,
of Bethany,
was
lying
ill;
he
belonged
to
the
same
village
as
Mary
and
her
sister
Martha.
This
Mary,
whose
brother
Lazarus
was
ill,
was
the
Mary
who
anointed
the
Master
with
perfume,
and
wiped
his
feet
with
her
hair.
The
sisters,
therefore,
sent
this
message
to
Jesus – ‘Master,
your
friend
is ill’;
and,
when
Jesus
heard
it,
he
said,
“This
illness
is
not
to
end
in
death,
but
is
to redound
to
the
honor
of
God,
in
order
that
the
Son
of
God
may
be
honored
through
it.”
Jesus
loved
Martha
and
her
sister,
and
Lazarus.
Yet,
when
he
heard
of
the
illness
of Lazarus,
he
still
stayed
two
days
in
the
place
where
he
was.
Then,
after
that,
he
said
to
his
disciples,
“Let
us
go
to
Judea
again.”
“Rabbi,”
they
replied, “the
authorities
there
were
but
just
now
seeking
to
stone
you;
and
are
you
going
there
again?”
“Are
not
there
twelve
hours
in
the
day?”
answered
Jesus.
“If
someone
walks
about
in
the
daytime,
they
don’t
stumble,
because
they
can
see
the
light
of
the
sun;
but,
if
they
walk
about
at
night,
they
stumble,
because
they
have
not
the
light.”
And,
when
he
had
said
this,
he
added,
“Our
friend
Lazarus
has
fallen
asleep;
but
I
am
going
so
that
I
may
wake
him.”
“If
he
has
fallen
asleep,
Master,
he
will
get
well,”
said
the
disciples.
But
Jesus
meant
that
he
was
dead;
they,
however,
supposed
that
he
was
speaking
of
natural
sleep.
Then
he
said
to
them
plainly,
“Lazarus
is
dead;
and
I
am
glad
for
your
sakes
that
I
was
not
there,
so
that
you
may
learn
to
believe
in
me.
But
let
us
go
to
him.”
At
this,
Thomas,
who
was
called ‘The Twin,’
said
to
his
fellow
disciples, “Let
us
go
too,
so
that
we
may
die
with
him.”
When
Jesus
reached
the
place,
he
found
that Lazarus
had
been
four
days
in
the
tomb
already.
Bethany
being
only
about
two
miles
from
Jerusalem,
a
number
of
the
people
had
come
there
to
comfort
Martha
and
Mary
because
of
their
brother’s
death.
When
Martha
heard
that
Jesus
was
coming,
she
went
to
meet
him;
but
Mary
sat
quietly
at
home.
“Master,”
Martha
said
to
Jesus, “if
you
had
been
here,
my
brother
would
not
have
died.
Even
now,
I
know
that
God
will
grant
you
whatever
you
ask
him.”
“Your
brother
will
rise
to
life,”
said
Jesus.
“I
know
that
he
will,”
replied
Martha, “in
the resurrection
at
the
Last
day.”
“I
am
the resurrection
and
the
life,”
said
Jesus.
“He
who
believes
in
me
will
live,
though
he
die;
and
he
who
lives
and
believes
in
me
will
never
die.
Do
you
believe
this?”
“Yes
Master,”
she
answered. “I
have
learned
to
believe
that
you
are
the
Christ,
the
Son
of
God,
who
was
to
come
into
the
world.”
After
saying
this, Martha
went
and
called
her
sister
Mary,
and
whispered, “The
teacher
is
here,
and
is
asking
for
you.”
As
soon
as Mary
heard
that,
she
got
up
quickly,
and
went
to
meet
him.
Jesus
had
not
then
come
into
the
village,
but
was
still
at
the
place
where
Martha
had
met
him.
So
the
people,
who
were
in
the
house
with
Mary,
comforting
her,
when
they
saw
her
get
up
quickly
and
go
out,
followed
her,
thinking
that
she
was
going
to
the
tomb
to
weep
there.
When
Mary
came
where
Jesus
was
and
saw
him,
she
threw
herself
at
his
feet. “Master,”
she
exclaimed, “if
you
had
been
here,
my
brother
would
not
have
died!”
When
Jesus
saw
her
weeping,
and
the
people
who
had
come
with
her
weeping
also,
he
groaned
deeply,
and
was
greatly
distressed.
“Where
have
you
buried
him?”
he
asked. “Come
and
see,
Master,”
they
answered.
Jesus
burst
into
tears.
“How
he
must
have
loved
him!”
the
people
exclaimed;
but
some
of
them
said, “Could
not
this
man,
who
gave
sight
to
the
blind
man,
have
also
prevented
Lazarus
from
dying?”
Again
groaning
inwardly,
Jesus
came
to
the
tomb.
It
was
a
cave,
and
a
stone
lay
against
the
mouth
of
it.
“Move
the
stone
away,”
said
Jesus. “Master,”
said
Martha,
the
sister
of
the
dead
man, “by
this
time
the
smell
must
be
offensive,
for
this
is
the
fourth
day
since
his
death.”
“Didn’t
I
tell
you,”
replied
Jesus,
“that,
if
you
would
believe
in
me,
you
should
see
the
glory
of
God?”
So
they
moved
the
stone
away;
and
Jesus,
with
uplifted
eyes,
said,
“Father,
I
thank
you
that
you
have
heard
my
prayer;
I
know
that
you
always
hear
me;
but
I
say
this
for
the
sake
of
the
people
standing
near,
so
that
they
may
believe
that
you
has
sent
me
as
your
messenger.”
Then,
after
saying
this,
Jesus
called
in
a
loud
voice,
“Lazarus!
Come
out!”
The
dead
man
came
out,
wrapped
hand
and
foot
in
a winding-sheet;
his
face,
too,
had
been
wrapped
in
a
cloth.
“Set
him
free,”
said
Jesus,
“and
let
him
go.”
In consequence
of
this,
many
of
the
people,
who
had
come
to
visit
Mary
and
had
seen
what
Jesus
did,
put
their
faith
in
him.
Some
of
them,
however,
went
to
the
Pharisees,
and
told
them
what
he
had
done.
The
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees
called
a
meeting
of
the
High
Council,
and
said, “What
are
we
to
do,
now
that
this
man
is
giving
so
many
signs?
If
we
allow
him
to
continue
as
we
are
doing,
everyone
will
believe
in
him;
and
the
Romans
will
come
and
will
take
from
us
both
our
Temple
and
our
nation.”
One
of
them,
however,
Caiaphas,
who
was
high
priest
that
year,
said
to
them,
“You
are
utterly mistaken.
You
do
not
consider
that
it
is
better
for
you
that
one
person
should
die
for
the
people,
rather
than
the
whole
nation
should
be
destroyed.”
Now
he
did
not
say
this
of
his
own
accord;
but,
as
high
priest
that
year,
he
prophesied
that
Jesus
was
to
die
for
the
nation –
And
not
for
the
nation
only,
but
also
that
he
might
unite
in
one
body
the
children
of
God
now
scattered
far
and
wide.
So
from
that
day
they
plotted
to
put
Jesus
to
death.
In consequence
of
this,
Jesus
did
not
go
about
publicly
among
the
people
any
more,
but
left
and
went
into
the
country bordering
on
the
wilderness,
to
a
town
called
Ephraim,
where
he
stayed
with
his
disciples.
But
the
Jewish
Festival
of
the
Passover
was
near;
and
many
people
had
gone
up
from
the
country
to
Jerusalem,
for
their
purification,
before
the
Festival
began.
So
they
looked
for
Jesus
there,
and
said
to
one
another,
as
they
stood
in
the
Temple
Courts, “What
do
you
think?
Do
you
think
he
will
come
to
the
Festival?”
The
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees
had
already
issued
orders
that,
if
anyone
learned
where
Jesus
was,
he
should
give
information,
so
that
they
might
arrest
him.
The Last Days
Six
days
before
the
Passover
Jesus
came
to Bethany,
where
Lazarus,
whom
he
had
raised
from
the
dead,
was
living.
There
a
supper
was
given
in
his
honor
at
which
Martha
waited,
while
Lazarus
was
one
of
those
present
at
the
table.
So
Mary
took
a
pound
of
choice
spikenard
perfume
of
great
value,
and
anointed
the
feet
of
Jesus
with
it,
and
then
wiped
them
with
her
hair.
The
whole
house
was
filled
with
the
scent
of
the
perfume.
One
of
the
disciples,
Judas
Iscariot,
who
was
about
to
betray
Jesus,
asked,
“Why
was
not
this
perfume
sold
for
a
year’s
wages,
and
the
money
given
to
poor
people?”
He
said
this,
not
because
he
cared
for
the
poor,
but
because
he
was
a
thief,
and,
being
in
charge
of
the
purse,
used
to
take
what
was
put
in
it.
“Leave
her
alone,”
said
Jesus,
“so
that
she
may
keep
it
until
the
day
when
my
body
is
being
prepared
for
burial.
The
poor
you
always
have
with
you,
but
you
will
not
always
have
me.”
Now
great
numbers
of
people
found
out
that
Jesus
was
at Bethany;
and
they
came
there,
not
only
because
of
him,
but
also
to
see
Lazarus,
whom
he
had
raised
from
the
dead.
The
chief
priests,
however,
plotted
to
put
Lazarus,
as
well
as
Jesus,
to
death,
because
it
was owing
to
him
that
many
of
the
people
had
left
them,
and
were
becoming
believers
in
Jesus.
On
the
following
day
great
numbers
of
people
who
had
come
to
the
Festival,
hearing
that
Jesus
was
on
his
way
to
Jerusalem,
took
palm
branches,
and
went
out
to
meet
him,
shouting
as
they
went, “God
save
him!
Blessed
is
he
who
comes
in
the
name
of
the
Lord –
the
king
of
Israel!”
Having
found
a
young
donkey,
Jesus
seated
himself
on
it,
in
accordance
with
the
passage
of
scripture –
‘Fear
not,
people
of
Zion.
Your
king
is
coming
to
you,
sitting
on
the
foal
of
a
donkey.’
His
disciples
did
not
understand
all
this
at
first;
but,
when
Jesus
had
been
exalted,
then
they
remembered
that
these
things
had
been
said
of
him
in
scripture,
and
that
they
had
done
these
things
for
him.
Meanwhile
the
people
who
were
with
him,
when
he
called
Lazarus
out
of
the
tomb
and
raised
him
from
the
dead,
were
telling
what
they
had
seen.
This,
indeed,
was
why
the
crowd
met
him –
because
people
had
heard
that
he
had
given
this
sign
of
his
mission.
So
the
Pharisees
said
to
one
another, “You
see
that
you
are
gaining
nothing!
Why,
all
the
world
has
run
after
him!”
Among
those
who
were
going
up
to
worship
at
the
Festival
were
some
Greeks,
who
went
to
Philip
of Bethsaida
in
Galilee,
and
said, “Sir,
we
wish
to
see
Jesus.”
Philip
went
and
told Andrew,
and
then
together
they
went
and
told
Jesus.
This
was
his
reply –
“The
time
has
come
for
the
Son
of
Man
to
be
exalted.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
unless
a
grain
of
wheat
falls
into
the
ground
and
dies,
it
remains
solitary;
but,
if
it
dies,
it
becomes
fruitful.
A
person
who
loves
their
life
loses
it;
while
someone
who
hates
their
life
in
the
present
world
will
preserve
it
for
eternal
life.
If
someone
is
ready
to
serve
me,
let
them
follow
me;
and
where
I
am,
there
my
servant
will
be
also.
If
a
person
is
ready
to
serve
me,
my
Father
will
honor
them.
Now
I
am
distressed
at
heart
and
what
can
I
say?
Father,
bring
me
safe
through
this
hour –
yet
it
was
for
this
reason
that
I
came
to
this
hour –
Father,
honor
your
own
name.”
At
this
there
came
a
voice
from
heaven,
which
said, “I
have
already
honored
it,
and
I
will
honor
it
again.”
The
crowd
of
bystanders,
who
heard
the
sound,
said
that
it
was
thundering.
Others
said, “An
angel
has
been
speaking
to
him.”
“It
was
not
for
my
sake
that
the
voice
came,”
said
Jesus,
“but
for
yours.
Now
this
world
is
on
its
trial.
Now
the
Spirit
that
is
ruling
this
world
will
be
driven
out;
and
I,
when
I
am
lifted
up
from
the
earth,
will
draw
all
people
to
myself.”
By
these
words
he indicated
what
death
he
was
destined
to
die.
“We,”
replied
the
people, “have
learned
from
the
Law
that
the
Christ
is
to
remain
for
ever;
how
is
it,
then,
that
you
say
that
the
Son
of
Man
must
be
‘lifted up’
Who
is
this ‘Son
of
Man’?”
“Only
a
little
while
longer,”
answered
Jesus,
“will
you
have
the
light
among
you.
Travel
on
while
you
have
the
light,
so
that
darkness
may
not
overtake
you;
he
who
travels
in
the
darkness
does
not
know
where
he
is
going.
While
you
still
have
the
light,
believe
in
the
light,
so
that
you
may
be
children
of
light.”
After
he
had
said
this,
Jesus
went
away,
and
hid
himself
from
them.
But,
though
Jesus
had
given
so
many
signs
of
his
mission
before
their
eyes,
they
still
did
not
believe
in
him,
in
fulfillment
of
the
words
of
the
prophet
Isaiah,
where
he
says – ‘Lord,
who
has
believed
our
teaching?
And
to
whom
has
the
might
of
the
Lord
been
revealed?’
The
reason
why
they
were
unable
to
believe
is
given
by
Isaiah
elsewhere,
in
these
words –
‘He
has
blinded
their
eyes,
and blunted
their
mind,
so
that
they
should
not
see
with
their
eyes,
and
perceive
with
their
mind,
and
turn –
And
I
should
heal
them.’
Isaiah
said
this,
because
he
saw Christ’s
glory;
and
it
was
of
him
that
he
spoke.
Yet
for
all
this,
even
among
the
leading
men
there
were
many
who
came
to
believe
in
Jesus;
but,
because
of
the
Pharisees,
they
did
not
acknowledge
it,
because
they
were
afraid
that
they
should
be
expelled
from
their
synagogues;
for
they
valued
honor
from
people
more
than
honor
from
God.
But
Jesus
had
proclaimed,
“He
who
believes
in
me
believes,
not
in
me,
but
in
him
who
sent
me;
and
he
who
sees
me
sees
him
who
sent
me.
I
have
come
as
a
light
into
the
world,
so
that
no
one
who
believes
in
me
should
remain
in
the
darkness.
When
anyone
hears
my
teaching
and
pays
no
heed
to
it,
I
am
not
his
judge;
for
I
came
not
to
judge
the
world,
but
to
save
the
world.
He
who
rejects
me,
and disregards
my
teaching,
has
a
judge
already –
the
message
which
I
have
delivered
will
itself
be
his
judge
at
the
Last
day.
For
I
have
not
delivered
it
on
my
own
authority;
but
the
Father,
who
sent
me,
has
himself
given
me
his
command
as
to
what
I
should
say,
and
what
message
I
should
deliver.
And
I
know
that
eternal
life
lies
in
keeping
his
command.
Therefore,
whatever
I
say,
I
say
only
what
the
Father
has
taught
me.”
p
Before
the
Passover
Festival
began,
Jesus
knew
that
the
time
had
come
for
him
to
leave
the
world
and
go
to
the
Father.
He
had
loved
those
who
were
his
own
in
the
world,
and
he
loved
them
to
the
last.
The
devil
had
already
put
the
thought
of
betraying
Jesus
into
the
mind
of
Judas
Iscariot,
the
son
of
Simon;
and
at supper,
Jesus –
although
knowing
that
the
Father
had
put
everything
into
his
hands,
and
that
he
had
come
from
God,
and
was
to
return
to
God –
rose
from
his
place,
and,
taking
off
his
upper
garments,
tied
a
towel
around
his
waist.
He
then
poured
some
water
into
the
basin,
and
began
to
wash
the
disciples’
feet,
and
to
wipe
them
with
the
towel
which
was
tied
around
him.
When
he
came
to
Simon
Peter,
Peter
said, “You,
Master!
Are
you
going
to
wash
my
feet?”
“You
do
not
understand
now
what
I
am
doing,”
replied
Jesus,
“but
you
will
learn
by
and
by.”
“You
will
never
wash
my
feet!”
exclaimed
Peter.
“Unless
I
wash
you,”
answered
Jesus,
“you
have
nothing
in
common
with
me.”
“Then,
Master,
not
my
feet
only,”
exclaimed
Simon
Peter, “but
also
my
hands
and
my
head.”
“He
who
has
bathed,”
replied
Jesus,
“has
no
need
to
wash,
unless
it
be
his
feet,
but
is
altogether
clean;
and
you,”
he
said
to
the
disciples,
“are
clean,
yet
not
all
of
you.”
For
he
knew
who
was
going
to
betray
him,
and
that
was
why
he
said
‘You
are
not
all
clean.’
When
he
had
washed
their
feet,
and
had
put
on
his
upper
garments
and
taken
his
place,
he
spoke
to
them
again.
“Do
you
understand
what
I
have
been
doing
to
you?”
he
asked.
“You
yourselves
call
me ‘the teacher’
and ‘the Master’,
and
you
are
right,
for
I
am
both.
If
I,
then – ‘the Master’
and ‘the teacher’ –
have
washed
your
feet,
you
also
ought
to
wash
one
another’s
feet;
for
I
have
given
you
an
example,
so
that
you
may
do
just
as
I
have
done
to
you.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
a
servant
is
not
greater
than
their
master,
neither
is
a
messenger
greater
than
the
one
who
sends
them.
Now
that
you
know
these
things,
happy
are
you
if
you
do
them.
I
am
not
speaking
about
all
of
you.
I
know
whom
I
have
chosen;
but
this
is
in
fulfillment
of
the
words
of
scripture – ‘He
that
is
eating
my
bread
has
lifted
his
heel
against
me.’
For
the
future
I
will
tell
you
of
things
before
they
take
place,
so
that,
when
they
take
place,
you
may
believe
that
I
am
what
I
am.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
the
one
who
receives
anyone
that
I
send
receives
me;
and
the
person
who
receives
me
receives
him
who
sent
me.”
After
saying
this,
Jesus
was
much
troubled,
and
said
solemnly,
“In
truth
I
tell
you
that
it
is
one
of
you
who
will
betray
me.”
The
disciples
looked
at
one
another,
wondering
whom
he
meant.
Next
to
Jesus,
in
the
place
on
his
right
hand,
was
one
of
his
disciples,
whom
he
loved.
So
Simon
Peter
made
signs
to
that
disciple,
and
whispered, “Tell
me
who
it
is
that
he
means.”
Being
in
this
position,
that
disciple leant
back
on
Jesus’
shoulder,
and
asked
him, “Who
is
it,
Master?”
“It
is
the
one,”
answered
Jesus,
“to
whom
I
will
give
a
piece
of
bread
after dipping
it
in
the
dish.”
And,
when
Jesus
had
dipped
the
bread,
he
took
it
and
gave
it
to
Judas,
the
son
of
Simon
Iscariot;
and
it
was
then,
after
he
had
received
it,
that
Satan
took
possession
of
him.
So
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Do
at
once
what
you
are
going
to
do.”
But
no
one
at
the
table
understood
why
he
said
this
to
Judas.
Some
thought
that,
as
Judas
kept
the
purse,
Jesus
meant
that
he
was
to
buy
some
things
needed
for
the
Festival,
or
to
give
something
to
the
poor.
After
taking
the
piece
of
bread,
Judas
went
out
immediately;
and
it
was
night.
When
Judas
had
gone
out,
Jesus
said,
“Now
the
Son
of
Man
has
been
exalted,
and
God
has
been
exalted
through
him;
and
God
will
exalt
him
with
himself –
yes,
he
will
exalt
him
forthwith.
My
children,
I
am
to
be
with
you
but
a
little
while
longer.
You
will
look
for
me;
and
what
I
said
to
the
people – ‘You
cannot
come
where
I
am going’ –
I
now
say
to
you.
I
give
you
a
new
commandment –
love
one
another;
love
one
another
as
I
have
loved
you.
It
is
by
this
that
everyone
will
recognize
you
as
my
disciples –
by
your
loving
one
another.”
“Where
are
you
going,
Master?”
asked
Peter.
“I
am
going
where
you
cannot
now
follow
me,”
answered
Jesus,
“but
you
will
follow
me
later.”
“Why
cannot
I
follow
you
now,
Master?”
asked
Peter. “I
will
lay
down
my
life
for
you.”
“Will
you
lay
down
your
life
for
me?”
replied
Jesus.
“In
truth
I
tell
you,
the cock
will
not
crow
until
you
have disowned
me
three
times.
Do
not
let
your
hearts
be
troubled.
Believe
in
God;
believe
also
in
me.
In
my
Father’s
home
there
are
many
dwellings.
If
it
had
not
been
so,
I
should
have
told
you,
for
I
am
going
to
prepare
a
place
for
you.
And,
since
I
go
and
prepare
a
place
for
you,
I
will
return
and
take
you
to
be
with
me,
so
that
you
may
be
where
I
am;
and
you
know
the
way
to
the
place
where
I
am
going.”
“We
do
not
know
where
you
are
going,
Master,”
said
Thomas. “So
how
can
we
know
the
way?”
Jesus
answered,
“I
am
the
way,
and
the
truth,
and
the
life;
no
one
ever
comes
to
the
Father
except
through
me.
If
you
had
recognized
me,
you
would
have
known
my
Father
also;
for
the
future
you
will
recognize
him,
indeed
you
have
already
seen
him.”
“Master,
show
us
the
Father,”
said
Philip, “and
we
will
be
satisfied.”
“Have
I
been
all
this
time
among
you,”
said
Jesus,
“and
yet
you,
Philip,
have
not
recognized
me?
The
person
who
has
seen
me
has
seen
the
Father,
how
can
you
say,
then, ‘Show
us
the Father’?
Don’t
you
believe
that
I
am
in
union
with
the
Father,
and
the
Father
with
me?
In
giving
you
my
teaching
I
am
not
speaking
on
my
own
authority;
but
the
Father
himself,
always
in
union
with
me,
does
his
own
work.
Believe
me,”
he
said
to
them
all, “when
I
say
that
I
am
in
union
with
the
Father
and
the
Father
with
me,
or
else
believe
me
because
of
the
work
itself.
In
truth
I
tell
you,
the
person
who
believes
in
me
will
themselves
do
the
work
that
I
am
doing;
and
they
will
do
greater
work
still,
because
I
am
going
to
the
Father.
Whatever
you
ask,
in
my
name,
I
will
do,
so
that
the
Father
may
be
honored
in
the
Son.
If
you
ask
anything,
in
my
name,
I
will
do
it.
If
you
love
me,
you
will
lay
my
commands
to
heart,
and
I
will
ask
the
Father,
and
he
will
give
you
another
helper,
to
be
with
you
always –
the
Spirit
of
truth.
The
world
cannot
receive
this
Spirit,
because
it
does
not
see
him
or
recognize
him,
but
you
recognize
him,
because
he
is
always
with
you,
and
is
within
you.
I
will
not
leave
you
bereaved;
I
will
come
to
you.
In
a
little
while
the
world
will
see
me
no
more,
but
you
will
still
see
me;
because
I
am
living,
you
will
be
living
also.
At
that
time
you
will
recognize
that
I
am
in
union
with
the
Father,
and
you
with
me,
and
I
with
you.
It
is
they
who
have
my
commands
and
lays
them
to
heart
who
loves
me;
and
the
person
who
loves
me
will
be
loved
by
my
Father,
and
I
will
love
them,
and
will
reveal
myself
to
them.”
“What
has
happened,
Master,”
said
Judas (not
Judas
Iscariot), “that
you
are
going
to
reveal
yourself
to
us,
and
not
to
the
world?”
“Whoever
loves
me,”
Jesus
answered,
“will
lay
my
message
to
heart;
and
my
Father
will
love
him,
and
we
will
come
to
him
and
make
our
home
with
him.
The
person
who
does
not
love
me
will
not
lay
my
message
to
heart;
and
the
message
to
which
you
are
listening
is
not
my
own,
but
comes
from
the
Father
who
sent
me.
I
have
told
you
all
this
while
still
with
you,
but
the
helper –
the
Holy
Spirit
whom
the
Father
will
send
in
my
name –
will
teach
you
all
things,
and
will
recall
to
your
minds
all
that
I
have
said
to
you.
Peace
be
with
you!
My
own
peace
I
give
you.
I
do
not
give
to
you
as
the
world
gives.
Do
not
let
your
hearts
be
troubled,
or
dismayed.
You
heard
me
say
that
I
was
going
away
and
would
return
to
you.
Had
you
loved
me,
you
would
have
been
glad
that
I
was
going
to
the
Father,
because
the
Father
is
greater
than
I.
And
this
I
have
told
you
now
before
it
happens,
so
that,
when
it
does
happen,
you
may
still
believe
in
me.
I
will
not
talk
with
you
much
more,
for
the
Spirit
that
is
ruling
the
world
is
coming.
He
has
nothing
in
common
with
me;
but
he
is
coming
so
that
the
world
may
see
that
I
love
the
Father,
and
that
I
do
as
the
Father
commanded
me.
Come,
let
us
be
going.
“I
am
the
true
vine,
and
my
Father
is
the vine-grower.
Any
unfruitful
branch
in
me
he
takes
away,
and
he cleanses
every
fruitful
branch,
so
that
it
may
bear
more
fruit.
You
are
already
clean
because
of
the
message
that
I
have
given
you.
Remain
united
to
me,
and
I
will
remain
united
to
you.
As
a
branch
cannot
bear
fruit
by
itself,
unless
it
remains
united
to
the
vine;
no
more
can
you,
unless
you
remain
united
to
me.
I
am
the
vine,
you
are
the
branches.
If
you
remains
united
to
me,
while
I
remain
united
to
you –
you
bear
fruit
plentifully;
for
you
can
do
nothing
apart
from
me.
If
anyone
does
not
remain
united
to
me,
they
are
thrown
away,
as
a
branch
would
be,
and
withers
up.
Such
branches
are
collected
and
thrown
into
the
fire,
and
are
burnt.
If
you
remain
united
to
me,
and
my
teaching
remains
in
your
hearts,
ask
whatever
you
wish,
and
it
will
be
yours.
It
is
by
your
bearing
fruit
plentifully,
and
so
showing
yourselves
my
disciples,
that
my
Father
is
honored.
As
the
Father
has
loved
me,
so
have
I
loved
you;
remain
in
my
love.
If
you
lay
my
commands
to
heart,
you
will
remain
in
my
love;
just
as
I
have
laid
the
Father’s
commands
to
heart
and
remain
in
his
love.
I
have
told
you
all
this
so
that
my
own
joy
may
be
yours,
and
that
your
joy
may
be
complete.
This
is
my
command –
love
one
another,
as
I
have
loved
you.
No
one
can
give
greater
proof
of
love
than
by
laying
down
their
life
for
their
friends.
And
you
are
my
friends,
if
you
do
what
I
command
you.
I
no
longer
call
you ‘servants,’
because
a
servant
does
not
know
what
their
master
is
doing;
but
I
have
given
you
the
name
of ‘friends,’
because
I
made
known
to
you
everything
that
I
learned
from
my
Father.
It
wasn’t
you
who
chose
me,
but
I
who
chose
you,
and
I
appointed
you
to
go
and
bear
fruit –
fruit
that
should
remain,
so
that
the
Father
might
grant
you
whatever
you
ask
in
my
name.
I
am
giving
you
these
commands
that
you
may
love
one
another.
If
the
world
hates
you,
you
know
that
it
has
first
hated
me.
If
you
belonged
to
the
world,
the
world
would
love
its
own.
Because
you
do
not
belong
to
the
world,
but
I
have
chosen
you
out
of
the
world –
that
is
why
the
world
hates
you.
Remember
what
I
said
to
you – ‘A
servant
is
not
greater
than
their
master.’
If
they
have
persecuted
me,
they
will
also
persecute
you;
if
they
have
laid
my
message
to
heart,
they
will
lay
yours
to
heart
also.
But
they
will
do
all
this
to
you,
because
you
believe
in
my
name,
for
they
do
not
know
him
who
sent
me.
If
I
had
not
come
and
spoken
to
them,
they
would
have
had
no
sin
to
answer
for;
but
as
it
is,
they
have
no
excuse
for
their
sin.
The
person
who
hates
me
hates
my
Father
also.
If
I
had
not
done
among
them
such
work
as
no
one
else
ever
did,
they
would
have
had
no
sin
to
answer
for;
but,
as
it
is,
they
have
both
seen
and
hated
both
me
and
my
Father.
And
so
is
fulfilled
what
is
said
in
their
Law – ‘They
hated
me
without
cause.’
But,
when
the
helper
comes,
whom
I
will
send
to
you
from
the
Father –
the
Spirit
of
truth,
who
comes
from
the
Father –
will
bear
testimony
to
me;
yes,
and
you
also
are
to
bear
testimony,
because
you
have
been
with
me
from
the
first.
“I
have
spoken
to
you
in
this
way
so
that
you
may
not
falter.
They
will
expel
you
from
their
synagogues;
indeed
the
time
is
coming
when
anyone
who
kills
you
will
think
that
they
are
making
an
offering
to
God.
They
will
do
this,
because
they
have
not
learned
to
know
the
Father,
or
even
me.
But
I
have
spoken
to
you
of
these
things
so
that,
when
the
time
for
them
comes,
you
may
remember
that
I
told
you
about
them
myself.
I
did
not
tell
you
all
this
at
first,
because
I
was
with
you.
But
now
I
am
to
return
to
him
who
sent
me;
and
yet
not
one
of
you
asks
me – ‘Where
are
you
going?’
Although
your
hearts
are
full
of
sorrow
at
all
that
I
have
been
saying
to
you.
Yet
I
am
only
telling
you
the
truth;
it
is
for
your
good
that
I
should
go
away.
For
otherwise
the
helper
will
never
come
to
you,
but,
if
I
leave
you,
I
will
send
him
to
you.
And
he,
when
he
comes,
will
bring conviction
to
the
world
as
to
sin,
and
as
to
righteousness,
and
as
to
judgment;
as
to
sin,
for
people
do
not
believe
in
me;
as
to
righteousness,
for
I
am
going
to
the
Father,
and
you
will
see
me
no
longer;
as
to
judgment,
for
the
Spirit
that
is
ruling
this
world
has
been
condemned.
I
have
still
much
to
say
to
you,
but
you
cannot
bear
it
now.
Yet
when
he –
The
Spirit
of
truth –
comes,
he
will
guide
you
into
all
truth;
for
he
will
not
speak
on
his
own
authority,
but
he
will
speak
of
all
that
he
hears;
and
he
will
tell
you
of
the
things
that
are
to
come.
He
will
honor
me;
because
he
will
take
of
what
is
mine,
and
will
tell
it
to
you.
Everything
that
the
Father
has
is
mine;
that
is
why
I
said
that
he
takes
of
what
is
mine,
and
will
tell
it
to
you.
In
a
little
while
you
will
no
longer
see
me;
and
then
in
a
little
while
you
will
see
me
indeed.”
At
this
some
of
his
disciples
said
to
one
another, “What
does
he
mean
by
saying
to
us
‘In
a
little
while
you
will
not
see
me,
and
then
in
a
little
while
you
will
see
me indeed’;
and
by
saying
‘Because
I
am
going
to
the Father’?
What
does
he
mean
by
‘In
a
little while’?”
they
said. “We
do
not
know
what
he
is
speaking
about.”
Jesus
saw
that
they
were
wanting
to
ask
him
a
question,
and
said,
“Are
you
trying
to
find
out
from
one
another
what
I
meant
by
saying ‘In
a
little
while
you
will
not
see
me;
and
then
in
a
little
while
you
will
see
me indeed’?
In
truth
I
tell
you
that
you
will
weep
and
mourn,
but
the
world
will
rejoice;
you
will
suffer
pain,
but
your
pain
will
turn
to
joy.
A
woman
in
labor
is
in
pain
because
her
time
has
come;
but
no sooner
is
the
child
born,
than
she
forgets
her
trouble
in
her
joy
that
a
child
has
been
born
into
the
world.
You,
in
the
same
way,
are
sorry
now;
but
I
will
see
you
again,
and
your
hearts
will
rejoice,
and
no
one
will
rob
you
of
your
joy.
And
at
that
time
you
will
not
ask
me
anything;
in
truth
I
tell
you,
if
you
ask
the
Father
for
anything,
he
will
grant
it
to
you
in
my
name.
So
far
you
have
not
asked
for
anything,
in
my
name;
ask,
and
you
will
receive,
so
that
your
joy
may
be
complete.
I
have
spoken
to
you
of
all
this
in
figures;
a
time
is
coming,
however,
when
I
will
not
speak
any
longer
to
you
in
figures,
but
will
tell
you
about
the
Father
plainly.
You
will
ask,
at
that
time,
in
my
name;
and
I
do
not
say
that
I
will
intercede
with
the
Father
for
you;
for
the
Father
himself
loves
you,
because
you
have
loved
me,
and
have
believed
that
I
came
from
the
Father.
I
came
out
from
the
Father,
and
have
come
into
the
world;
and
now
I
am
to
leave
the
world,
and
go
to
the
Father.”
“At
last,”
exclaimed
the
disciples, “you
are
using
plain
words
and
not
speaking
in
figures
at
all.
Now
we
are
sure
that
you
know
everything,
and
need
not
wait
for
anyone
to
question
you.
This
makes
us
believe
that
you
did
come
from
God.”
“Do
you
believe
that
already?”
Jesus
answered.
“Listen!
A
time
is
coming –
indeed
it
has
already
come –
when
you
are
to
be
scattered,
each
going
his
own
way,
and
to
leave
me
alone;
and
yet
I
am
not
alone,
because
the
Father
is
with
me.
I
have
spoken
to
you
in
this
way,
so
that
in
me
you
may
find
peace.
In
the
world
you
will
find
trouble;
yet,
take
courage!
I
have
conquered
the
world.”
After
saying
this,
Jesus
raised
his
eyes heavenwards,
and
said:
“Father,
the
hour
has
come;
honor
your
Son,
so
that
your
Son
may
honor
you;
even
as
you
gave
him
power
over
all
humanity,
so
that
he
should
give
eternal
life
to
everyone
you
have
given
him.
And
the
eternal
life
is
this –
to
know
you
the
one
true
God,
and
Jesus
Christ
whom
you
have
sent
as
your
messenger.
I
have
honored
you
on
earth
by completing
the
work
which
you
have
given
me
to
do;
and
now
do
you
honor
me,
Father,
at
your
own
side,
with
the
honor
which
I
had
at
your
side
before
the
world
began.
I
have
revealed
you
to
those
whom
you
gave
me
from
the
world;
they
were
your
own,
and
you
gave
them
to
me;
and
they
have
laid
your
message
to
heart.
They
recognize
now
that
everything
that
you
gave
me
was
from
you;
for
I
have
given
them
the
teaching
which
you
gave
me,
and
they
received
it,
and
clearly
understood
that
I
came
from
you,
and
they
believed
that
you
have
sent
me
as
your
messenger.
I
intercede
for
them;
I
am
not interceding
for
the
world,
but
for
those
whom
you
have
given
me,
for
they
are
your
own –
All
that
is
mine
is
yours,
and
all
that
is
yours
is
mine –
and
I
am
honored
in
them.
Now
I
am
to
be
in
this
world
no
longer,
but
they
are
still
to
be
in
the
world,
and
I
am
to
come
to
you.
Holy
Father,
keep
them
by
that
revelation
of
your
name
which
you
have
given
me,
so
that
they
may
be
one,
as
we
are.
While
I
was
with
them,
I
kept
them
by
that
revelation,
and
I
have
guarded
them;
and
not
one
of
them
has
been
lost,
except
that
lost
soul –
in
fulfillment
of
scripture.
But
now
I
am
to
come
to
you;
and
I
am
speaking
like
this,
while
still
in
the
world,
so
that
they
may
have
my
own
joy,
in
all
its
fullness,
in
their
hearts.
I
have
given
them
your
message;
and
the
world
hated
them,
because
they
do
not
belong
to
the
world,
even
as
I
do
not
belong
to
the
world.
I
do
not
ask
you
to
take
them
out
of
the
world,
but
to
keep
them
from
evil.
They
do
not
belong
to
the
world,
even
as
I
do
not
belong
to
the
world.
Consecrate
them
by
the
truth;
your
message
is
truth.
Just
as
you
have
sent
me
as
your
messenger
to
the
world,
so
I
send
them
as
my
messengers
to
the
world.
And
it
is
for
their
sakes
that
I
am
consecrating
myself,
so
that
they
also
may
be
truly
consecrated.
But
it
is
not
only
for
them
that
I
am interceding,
but
also
for
those
who
believe
in
me
through
their
message,
that
they
all
may
be
one –
that
as
you,
Father,
are
in
union
with
us –
and
so
the
world
may
believe
that
you
have
sent
me
as
your
messenger.
I
have
given
them
the
honor
which
you
have
given
me,
so
that
they
may
be
one
as
we
are
one –
I
in
union
with
them
and
you
with
me –
so
that
they
may
be
perfected
in
their
union,
and
so
that
the
world
may
know
that
you
have
sent
me
as
your
messenger,
and
that
you
have
loved
them
as
you
have
loved
me.
Father,
my
desire
for
all
those
whom
you
have
given
me
is
that
they
may
be
with
me
where
I
am,
so
that
they
may
see
the
honor
which
you
have
given
me;
for
you
did
love
me
before
the
beginning
of
the
world.
Righteous
Father,
though
the
world
did
not
know
you,
I
knew
you;
and
these
people
knew
that
you
have
sent
me
as
your
messenger.
I
have
made
you
known
to
them,
and
will
do
so
still;
that
the
love
that
you
have
had
for
me
may
be
in
their
hearts,
and
that
I
may
be
in
them
also.”
When
Jesus
had
said
this,
he
went
out
with
his
disciples
and
crossed
the
Kidron
ravine
to
a
place
where
there
was
a
garden,
into
which
he
and
his
disciples
went.
The
place
was
well
known
to
Judas,
the
betrayer,
for
Jesus
and
his
disciples
had
often
met
there.
So
Judas,
who
had
obtained
the
soldiers
of
the Roman
garrison,
and
some
guards
from
the
chief
priests
and
the
Pharisees,
came
there
with
lanterns,
torches,
and
weapons.
Jesus,
aware
of
all
that
was
coming
upon
him,
went
to
meet
them,
and
said
to
them,
“For
whom
are
you
looking?”
“Jesus
of
Nazareth,”
was
their
answer.
“I
am
he,”
said
Jesus. (Judas,
the
betrayer,
was
also
standing
with
them.)
When
Jesus
said
‘I
am
he,’
they
drew
back
and
fell
to
the
ground.
So
he
again
asked
for
whom
they
were
looking,
and
they
answered, “Jesus
of
Nazareth.”
“I
have
already
told
you
that
I
am
he,”
replied
Jesus,
“so,
if
it
is
for
me
that
you
are
looking,
let
these
people
go.”
This
was
in
fulfillment
of
his
words –
‘Of
those
whom
you
have
given
me
I
have
not
lost
one.’
At
this,
Simon
Peter,
who
had
a
sword
with
him,
drew
it,
and
struck
the
high
priest’s
servant,
and
cut
off
his
right
ear.
The
servant’s
name
was
Malchus.
But
Jesus
said
to
Peter,
“Sheathe
your
sword.
Should
I
not
drink
the
cup
which
the
Father
has
given
me?”
p
So
the
soldiers
of
the
garrison,
with
their
commanding
officer
and
the
Jewish
guards,
arrested
Jesus
and
bound
him,
and
took
him
first
of
all
to Annas. Annas
was
the
father-in-law
of
Caiaphas,
who
was
high
priest
that
year.
It
was
Caiaphas
who
had
counseled
the religious
authorities,
that
it
was
best
that
one
person
should
die
for
the
people.
Meanwhile
Simon
Peter
followed
Jesus,
and
so
did
another
disciple.
That
disciple,
being well-known
to
the
high
priest,
went
with
Jesus
into
the
high
priest’s
courtyard,
while
Peter
stood
outside
by
the
door.
Presently
the
other
disciple –
the
one well-known
to
the
high
priest –
went
out
and
spoke
to
the portress,
and
brought
Peter
in.
So
the
maidservant
said
to
Peter, “Aren’t
you
also
one
of
this
man’s
disciples?”
“No,
I
am
not,”
he
said.
The
servants
and
guards
were
standing
around
a
charcoal
fire (which
they
had
made
because
it
was
cold),
and
were
warming
themselves.
Peter,
too,
was
with
them,
standing
and
warming
himself.
The
high
priest
questioned
Jesus
about
his
disciples
and
about
his
teaching.
“For
my
part,”
answered
Jesus,
“I
have
spoken
to
all
the
world
openly.
I
always
taught
in
some
synagogue,
or
in
the
Temple
Courts,
places
where
everyone
assembles,
and
I
never
spoke
of
anything
in
secret.
Why
question
me?
Question
those
who
have
listened
to
me
as
to
what
I
have
spoken
about
to
them.
They
must
know
what
I
said.”
When
Jesus
said
this,
one
of
the
guards,
who
was
standing
near,
gave
him
a
blow
with
his
hand. “Do
you
answer
the
high
priest
like
that?”
he
exclaimed.
“If
I
said
anything
wrong,
give
evidence
about
it,”
replied
Jesus,
“but
if
not,
why
do
you
strike
me?”
Annas
sent
him
bound
to
Caiaphas
the
high
priest.
Meanwhile
Simon
Peter
was
standing
there,
warming
himself;
so
they
said
to
him, “Aren’t
you
also
one
of
his
disciples?”
Peter
denied
it. “No,
I
am
not,”
he
said.
One
of
the
high
priest’s
servants,
a relation
of
the
man
whose
ear
Peter
had
cut
off,
exclaimed, “Didn’t
I
myself
see
you
with
him
in
the
garden?”
Peter
again
denied
it;
and
at
that
moment
a cock
crowed.
From
Caiaphas
they
took
Jesus
to
the
Government
house.
It
was
early
in
the
morning.
But
they
did
not
enter
the
Government
house
themselves,
otherwise
they
might
become
defiled,
and
so
be
unable
to
eat
the
Passover.
Therefore
Pilate
came
outside
to
speak
to
them. “What
charge
do
you
bring
against
this
man?”
he
asked.
“If
he
had
not
been
a criminal,
we
should
not
have
given
him
up
to
you,”
they
answered.
“Take
him
yourselves,”
said
Pilate, “and
try
him
by
your
own
Law.”
“We
have
no
power
to
put
anyone
to
death,”
the
authorities
replied –
in
fulfillment
of
what
Jesus
had
said
when indicating
the
death
that
he
was
destined
to
die.
After
that,
Pilate
went
into
the
Government
house
again,
and
calling
Jesus
up,
asked
him, “Are
you
the
king
of
the
Jews?”
“Do
you
ask
me
that
yourself?”
replied
Jesus,
“or
did
others
say
it
to
you
about
me?”
“Do
you
take
me
for
a
Jew?”
was Pilate’s
answer. “It
is
your
own
nation
and
the
chief
priests
who
have
given
you
up
to
me.
What
have
you
done?”
“My
kingly
power,”
replied
Jesus,
“is
not
due
to
this
world.
If
it
had
been
so,
my
servants
would
be
doing
their
utmost
to
prevent
my
being
given
up
to
the
authorities;
but
my
kingly
power
is
not
from
the
world.”
“So
you
are
a
king
after
all!”
exclaimed
Pilate.
“Yes,
it
is
true
I
am
a
king,”
answered
Jesus.
“I
was
born
for
this,
I
have
come
into
the
world
for
this –
to
bear
testimony
to
the
truth.
Everyone
who
is
on
the
side
of
truth
listens
to
my
voice.”
“What
is
truth?”
exclaimed
Pilate.
After
saying
this,
he
went
out
to
the
crowd
again,
and
said, “For
my
part,
I
find
nothing
with
which
he
can
be
charged.
It
is,
however,
the
custom
for
me
to
grant
you
the
release
of
one
man
at
the
Passover
Festival.
Do
you
wish
for
the
release
of
the
king
of
the
Jews?”
“No,
not
this
man,”
they
shouted
again, “but Barabbas!”
This Barabbas
was
a
robber.
After
that,
Pilate
had
Jesus
scourged.
The
soldiers
made
a
crown
with
some
thorns
and
put
it
on
his
head
and
threw
a
purple
robe
around
him.
They
kept
coming
up
to
him
and
saying, “Long
live
the
king
of
the
Jews!”
and
they
gave
him
blow
after
blow
with
their
hands.
Pilate
again
came
outside,
and
said
to
the
people, “Look!
I
am
bringing
him
out
to
you,
so
that
you
may
know
that
I
find
nothing
with
which
he
can
be
charged.”
Then
Jesus
came
outside,
wearing
the
crown
of
thorns
and
the
purple
robe;
and
Pilate
said
to
them, “Here
is
the
man!”
When
the
chief
priests
and
the
guards
saw
him,
they
shouted, “Crucify
him!
Crucify
him!”
“Take
him
yourselves
and
crucify
him,”
said
Pilate. “For
my
part,
I
find
nothing
with
which
he
can
be
charged.”
“But
we,”
replied
the
crowd, “have
a
Law,
under
which
he
deserves
death
for
making
himself
out
to
be
the
Son
of
God.”
When
Pilate
heard
what
they
said,
he
became
still
more
alarmed;
and,
going
into
the
Government
house
again,
he
said
to
Jesus, “Where
do
you
come
from?”
But
Jesus
made
no
reply.
So
Pilate
said
to
him, “Do
you
refuse
to
speak
to
me?
Don’t
you
know
that
I
have
power
to
release
you,
and
have
power
to
crucify
you?”
“You
would
have
no
power
over
me
at
all,”
answered
Jesus,
“if
it
had
not
been
given
you
from
above;
and,
therefore,
the
man
who
betrayed
me
to
you
is
guilty
of
the
greater
sin.”
This
made
Pilate
anxious
to
release
him;
but
the
crowd
shouted, “If
you
release
that
man,
you
are
no
friend
of
the Emperor!
Anyone
who
makes
himself
out
to
be
a
king
is
setting
himself
against
the Emperor!”
On
hearing
what
they
said,
Pilate
brought
Jesus
out,
and
took
his
seat
on
the Bench
at
a
place
called ‘The
Stone Pavement’ –
in
Hebrew ‘Gabbatha.’
It
was
the
Passover
Preparation
day,
and
about
noon.
Then
he
said
to
the
crowd, “Here
is
your
king!”
At
that
the
people
shouted, “Kill
him!
Kill
him!
Crucify
him!”
“What!
Should
I
crucify
your
king?”
exclaimed
Pilate. “We
have
no
king
but
the Emperor,”
replied
the
chief
priests;
so
Pilate
gave
Jesus
up
to
them
to
be
crucified.
So
they
took
Jesus;
and
he
went
out,
carrying
his
cross
himself,
to
the
place
which
is
named
from
a
skull,
or,
in
Hebrew,
Golgotha.
There
they
crucified
him,
and
two
others
with
him –
one
on
each
side,
and
Jesus
between
them.
Pilate
also
had
these
words
written
and
put
up
over
the
cross – ‘JESUS
OF
NAZARETH,
THE
KING
OF
THE
JEWS.’
These
words
were
read
by
many
people,
because
the
place
where
Jesus
was
crucified
was
near
the
city;
and
they
were
written
in
Hebrew,
Latin
and
Greek.
The
chief
priests
said
to
Pilate, “Do
not
write ‘The
king
of
the
Jews’,
but
write
what
the
man
said – ‘I
am
the
king
of
the
Jews.’”
But
Pilate
answered, “What
I
have
written,
I
have
written.”
When
the
soldiers
had
crucified
Jesus,
they
took
his
clothes
and
divided
them
into
four
shares –
a
share
for
each
soldier –
and
they
took
the
coat
also.
The
coat
had
no seam,
being
woven
in
one
piece
from
top
to
bottom.
So
they
said
to
one
another, “Do
not
let
us
tear
it,
but
let
us
cast
lots
for
it,
to
see
who
will
have
it.”
This
was
in
fulfillment
of
the
words
of
scripture –
‘They
shared
my
clothes
among
them,
and
over
my
clothing
they
cast
lots.’
That
was
what
the
soldiers
did.
Meanwhile
near
the
cross
of
Jesus
were
standing
his
mother
and
his
mother’s
sister,
as
well
as
Mary
the
wife
of
Clopas
and
Mary
of Magdala.
When
Jesus
saw
his
mother,
and
the
disciple
whom
he
loved,
standing
near,
he
said
to
his
mother,
“There
is
your
son.”
Then
he
said
to
that
disciple,
“There
is
your
mother.”
And
from
that
very
hour
the
disciple
took
her
to
live
in
his
house.
Afterward,
knowing
that
everything
was
now
finished,
Jesus
said,
in
fulfillment
of
the
words
of
scripture,
“I
am
thirsty.”
There
was
a
bowl
standing
there
full
of
common
wine;
so
they
put
a
sponge
soaked
in
the
wine
on
the
end
of
a hyssop-stalk,
and
held
it
up
to
his
mouth.
When
Jesus
had
received
the
wine,
he
exclaimed,
“All
is
finished!”
Then,
bowing
his
head,
he resigned
his
spirit
to
God.
It
was
the
Preparation
day,
and
so,
to
prevent
the
bodies
from
remaining
on
the
crosses
during
the
Sabbath (for
that
Sabbath
was
a
great
day),
the
Jews
asked
Pilate
to
have
the
legs
broken
and
the
bodies
removed.
Accordingly
the
soldiers
came
and
broke
the
legs
of
the
first
man,
and
then
those
of
the
other
who
had
been
crucified
with
Jesus;
but,
on
coming
to
him,
when
they
saw
that
he
was
already
dead,
they
did
not
break
his
legs.
One
of
the
soldiers,
however,
pierced
his
side
with
a
spear,
and
blood
and
water
immediately
flowed
from
it.
This
is
the
statement
of
one
who
actually
saw
it –
and
his
statement
may
be
relied
on,
and
he
knows
that
he
is
speaking
the
truth –
and
it
is
given
in
order
that
you
also
may
be
convinced.
For
all
this
happened
in
fulfillment
of
the
words
of
scripture – ‘Not
one
of
its
bones
will
be
broken.’
And
there
is
another
passage
which
says – ‘They
will
look
on
him
whom
they
pierced.’
After
this,
Joseph
of Arimathea,
a
disciple
of
Jesus –
but
a
secret
one, owing
to
his
fear
of
the religious
authorities –
begged Pilate’s
permission
to
remove
the
body
of
Jesus.
Pilate
gave
him
leave;
so
Joseph
went
and
removed
the
body.
Nicodemus,
too –
the
man
who
had
formerly
visited
Jesus
by
night –
came
with
a
roll
of
myrrh
and
aloes,
weighing
nearly
a
hundred
pounds.
They
took
the
body
of
Jesus,
and
wound
it
in
linen
with
the
spices,
according
to
the
Jewish
mode
of
burial.
At
the
place
where
Jesus
had
been
crucified
there
was
a
garden,
and
in
the
garden
a
newly
made
tomb
in
which
no
one
had
ever
been
laid.
And
so,
because
of
its
being
the
Preparation
day,
and
as
the
tomb
was
close
at
hand,
they
laid
Jesus
there.
The Risen Life
On
the
first
day
of
the
week,
early
in
the
morning,
while
it
was
still
dark,
Mary
of Magdala
went
to
the
tomb,
and
saw
that
the
stone
had
been
removed.
So
she
came
running
to
Simon
Peter,
and
to
that
other
disciple
who
was
Jesus’
friend,
and
said
to
them, “They
have
taken
away
the
Master
out
of
the
tomb,
and
we
do
not
know
where
they
have
laid
him!”
So,
Peter
started
off
with
that
other
disciple,
and
they
went
to
the
tomb.
The
two
began
running
together;
but
the
other
disciple
ran
faster
than
Peter,
and
reached
the
tomb
first.
Stooping
down,
he
saw
the
linen
wrappings
lying
there,
but
did
not
go
in.
Presently
Simon
Peter
came
following
behind
him,
and
went
into
the
tomb;
and
he
looked
at
the
linen
wrappings
lying
there,
and
the
cloth
which
had
been
on Jesus’
head,
not
lying
with
the
wrappings,
but
rolled
up
on
one
side, separately.
Then
the
other
disciple,
who
had
reached
the
tomb
first,
went
inside
too,
and
he
saw
for
himself
and
was
convinced.
For
they
did
not
then
understand
the
passage
of
scripture
which
says
that
Jesus
must
rise
again
from
the
dead.
The
disciples
then
returned
to
their
companions.
Meanwhile
Mary
was
standing
close
outside
the
tomb,
weeping.
Still
weeping,
she leant
forward
into
the
tomb,
and
perceived
two
angels
clothed
in
white
sitting
there,
where
the
body
of
Jesus
had
been
lying,
one
where
the
head
and
the
other
where
the
feet
had
been.
“Why
are
you
weeping?”
asked
the
angels. “They
have
taken
my
Master
away,”
she
answered, “and
I
do
not
know
where
they
have
laid
him.”
After
saying
this,
she
turned
around,
and
looked
at
Jesus
standing
there,
but
she
did
not
know
that
it
was
Jesus.
“Why
are
you
weeping?
Whom
are
you
seeking?”
he
asked.
Supposing
him
to
be
the
gardener, Mary
answered, “If
it
was
you,
Sir,
who
carried
him
away,
tell
me
where
you
have
laid
him,
and
I
will
take
him
away
myself.”
“Mary!”
said
Jesus.
She
turned
around,
and
exclaimed
in
Hebrew, “Rabboni!” (or,
as
we
should
say, ‘teacher’).
“Do
not
hold
me,”
Jesus
said,
“for
I
have
not
yet
ascended
to
the
Father.
But
go
to
my
brothers,
and
tell
them
that
I
am
ascending
to
him
who
is
my
Father
and
their
Father,
my
God
and
their
God.”
Mary
of Magdala
went
and
told
the
disciples
that
she
had
seen
the
Master,
and
that
he
had
said
this
to
her.
In
the
evening
of
the
same
day –
the
first
day
of
the
week –
after
the
doors
of
the
room,
in
which
the
disciples
were,
had
been
shut
because
they
were
afraid
of
the religious
authorities,
Jesus
came
and
stood
among
them
and
said,
“Peace
be
with
you”;
after
which
he
showed
them
his
hands
and
his
side.
The
disciples
were
filled
with
joy
when
they
saw
the
Master.
Again
Jesus
said
to
them,
“Peace
be
with
you.
As
the
Father
has
sent
me
as
his
messenger,
so
I
am
sending
you.”
After
saying
this,
he
breathed
on
them,
and
said,
“Receive
the
Holy
Spirit;
if
you remit
anyone’s
sins,
they
have
been remitted;
and,
if
you
retain
them,
they
have
been
retained.”
But
Thomas,
one
of
the
Twelve,
called ‘The Twin,’
was
not
with
them
when
Jesus
came;
so
the
rest
of
the
disciples
said
to
him, “We
have
seen
the
Master!”
“Unless
I
see
the
marks
of
the
nails
in
his
hands,”
he
exclaimed, “and
put
my
finger
into
the
marks,
and
put
my
hand
into
his
side,
I
will
not
believe
it.”
A
week
later
the
disciples
were
again
in
the
house,
and
Thomas
was
with
them.
After
the
doors
had
been
shut,
Jesus
came
and
stood
among
them,
and
said,
“Peace
be
with
you.”
Then
he
said
to
Thomas,
“Place
your
finger
here,
and
look
at
my
hands;
and
place
your
hand
here,
and
put
it
into
my
side;
and
do
not
refuse
to
believe,
but
believe.”
And
Thomas
exclaimed, “My
Master,
and
my
God!”
“Is
it
because
you
have
seen
me
that
you
have
believed?”
said
Jesus.
“Blessed
are
they
who
have
not
seen,
and
yet
have
believed!”
There
were
many
other
signs
of
his
mission
that
Jesus
gave
in
presence
of
the
disciples,
which
are
not
recorded
in
this
book;
but
these
have
been
recorded
so
that
you
may
believe
that
Jesus
is
the
Christ,
the
Son
of
God –
and
that,
through
your
belief
in
his
name,
you
may
have
life.
Later
on,
Jesus
showed
himself
again
to
the
disciples
by
the
Sea
of
Tiberias.
It
was
in
this
way, –
Simon
Peter,
Thomas,
who
was
called ‘The Twin,’
Nathanael
of
Cana
in
Galilee,
Zebedee’s
sons,
and
two
other
disciples
of
Jesus,
were
together,
when
Simon
Peter
said,
“I
am
going
fishing.”
“We
will
come
with
you,”
said
the
others.
They
went
out
and
got
into
the
boat,
but
caught
nothing
that
night.
Just
as
day
was
breaking,
Jesus
came
and
stood
on
the beach;
but
the
disciples
did
not
know
that
it
was
he.
“My
children,”
he
said,
“have
you
anything
to
eat?”
“No,”
they
answered.
“Cast
your
net
to
the
right
of
the
boat,”
he
said,
“and
you
will
find
fish.”
So
they
cast
the
net,
and
now
they
could
not
haul
it
in
because
of
the
quantity
of
fish.
The
disciple
whom
Jesus
loved
said
to
Peter, “It
is
the
Master!”
When
Simon
Peter
heard
that
it
was
the
Master,
he
fastened
his
coat
around
him (for
he
had
taken
it
off),
and
threw
himself
into
the
sea.
But
the
rest
of
the
disciples
came
in
the
boat (for
they
were
only
about
a
hundred
yards
from
shore),
dragging
the
net
full
of
fish.
When
they
had
come
ashore,
they
found
a
charcoal
fire
ready,
with
some
fish
already
on
it,
and
some
bread
as
well.
“Bring
some
of
the
fish
which
you
have
just
caught,”
said
Jesus.
So
Simon
Peter
got
into
the
boat
and hauled
the
net
ashore
full
of
large
fish,
a
hundred
and
fifty-three
of
them;
and
yet,
although
there
were
so
many,
the
net
had
not
been
torn.
“Come
and
have breakfast.”,
Jesus
said.
None
of
the
disciples
dared
ask
him
who
he
was,
because
they
knew
it
was
the
Master.
Jesus
went
and
took
the
bread
and
gave
it
to
them,
and
the
fish
too.
This
was
the
third
time
that
Jesus
showed
himself
to
the
disciples
after
he
had
risen
from
the
dead.
When breakfast
was
over,
Jesus
said
to
Simon
Peter,
“Simon,
son
of
John,
do
you
love
me
more
than
the
others?”
“Yes,
Master,”
he
answered, “you
know
that
I
am
your
friend.”
“Feed
my
lambs,”
said
Jesus.
Then,
a
second
time,
Jesus
asked,
“Simon,
son
of
John,
do
you
love
me?”
“Yes,
Master,”
he
answered, “you
know
that
I
am
your
friend.”
“Tend
my
sheep,”
said
Jesus.
The
third
time,
Jesus
said
to
him,
“Simon,
son
of
John,
are
you
my
friend?”
Peter
was
hurt
at
his
third
question
being ‘Are
you
my
friend?’;
and
exclaimed, “Master,
you
know
everything!
You
can
tell
that
I
am
your
friend.”
“Feed
my
sheep,”
said
Jesus.
“In
truth
I
tell
you,”
he
continued, “when
you
were
young,
you
used
to
put
on
your
own
clothes,
and
walk
wherever
you
wished;
but,
when
you
have
grown
old,
you
will
have
to
stretch
out
your
hands,
while
someone
else
puts
on
your
clothes,
and
takes
you
where
you
do
not
wish.”
Jesus
said
this
to
show
the
death
by
which
Peter
was
to
honor
God,
and
then
he
added,
“Follow
me.”
Peter
turned
around,
and
saw
the
disciple
whom
Jesus
loved
following –
the
one
who
at
the
supper leant
back
on
the
Master’s
shoulder,
and
asked
him
who
it
was
who
would
betray
him.
Seeing
him,
Peter
said
to
Jesus, “Master,
what
about
this
man?”
“If
it
is
my
will
that
he
should
wait
until
I
come,”
answered
Jesus,
“what
has
that
to
do
with
you?
Follow
me
yourself.”
So
the
report
spread
among
his
followers
that
that
disciple
was
not
to
die;
yet
Jesus
did
not
say
that
he
was
not
to
die,
but
said
“If
it
is
my
will
that
he
should
wait
until
I
come,
what
has
that
to
do
with
you?”
It
is
this
disciple
who states
these
things,
and
who
recorded
them;
and
we
know
that
his
statement
is
true.
There
are
many
other
things
which
Jesus
did;
but,
if
every
one
of
them
were
to
be
recorded
in
detail,
I
suppose
that
even
the
world
itself
would
not
hold
the
books
that
would
be
written.
Acts
The Acts of the Apostles
Acts
The
Acts
of the Apostles
The Church and the Jews
The Acts of the Apostles Peter and John
The
first
account
which
I
drew
up,
Theophilus,
dealt
with
all
that
Jesus
did
and
taught
from
the
very
first,
down
to
that
day
on
which
he
was
taken
up
to
heaven,
after
he
had,
by
the
help
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
given
instructions
to
the apostles
whom
he
had
chosen.
With
abundant
proofs,
he
showed
himself
to
them,
still
living,
after
his
death;
appearing
to
them
from
time
to
time
during
forty
days,
and
speaking
of
all
that
related
to
the
kingdom
of
God.
And
once,
when
he
had
gathered
them
together,
he
charged
them
not
to
leave
Jerusalem,
but
to
wait
there
for
the
fulfillment
of
the
Father’s
promise –
“that
promise,”
he
said,
“of
which
you
have
heard
me
speak;
for,
while
John baptized
with
water,
you
will
be baptized
with
the
Holy
Spirit
before
many
days
have
passed.”
So,
when
the apostles
had
met
together,
they
asked
Jesus
this
question – “Master,
is
this
the
time
when
you
intend
to re-establish
the
kingdom
for
Israel?”
His
answer
was,
“It
is
not
for
you
to
know
times
or
hours,
for
the
Father
has
reserved
these
for
his
own
decision;
but
you
will
receive
power,
when
the
Holy
Spirit
will
have
descended
on
you,
and
will
be
witnesses
for
me
not
only
in
Jerusalem,
but
throughout
Judea
and
Samaria,
and
to
the
ends
of
the
earth.”
No sooner
had
Jesus
said
this
than
he
was
caught
up
before
their
eyes,
and
a
cloud
received
him
from
their
sight.
While
they
were
still
gazing
up
into
the
heavens,
as
he
went,
suddenly
two
men,
clothed
in
white,
stood
beside
them,
and
said, “People
of
Galilee,
why
are
you
standing
here
looking
up
into
the
heavens?
This
same
Jesus,
who
has
been
taken
from
you
into
the
heavens,
will
come
in
the
same
way
in
which
you
have
seen
him
go
into
the
heavens.”
Then
the apostles
returned
to
Jerusalem
from
the
hill
called
Olivet,
which
is
about
three
quarters
of
a mile
from
the
city.
When
they
reached
Jerusalem,
they
went
to
the upstairs
room,
where
they
were
staying.
There
were
there
Peter,
John,
James,
and Andrew,
Philip
and
Thomas, Bartholomew
and
Matthew,
James
the
son
of Alphaeus,
Simon
the Zealot,
and
Judas
the
son
of
James.
They
all
united
in
devoting
themselves
to
prayer,
and
so
did
some
women,
and
Mary,
the
mother
of
Jesus,
and
his
brothers.
About
this
time,
at
a
meeting
of
the
Lord’s
followers,
when
there
were
about
a
hundred
and
twenty
present,
Peter
rose
to
speak.
“Friends,”
he
said, “it
was
necessary
that
the prediction
of
scripture
should
be
fulfilled,
which
the
Holy
Spirit
made
by
the
lips
of
David
about
Judas,
who
acted
as
guide
to
the
men
who
arrested
Jesus,
for
he
was
one
of
our
number
and
had
his
part
allotted
him
in
this
work
of
ours.”
(This
man
had
bought
a
piece
of
land
with
the
price
of
his
treachery;
and,
falling
heavily,
his
body
had
burst
open,
and
all
his
bowels protruded.
This
became
known
to
everyone
living
in
Jerusalem,
so
that
the
field
came
to
be
called,
in
their
language, ‘Akeldama,’
which
means
the ‘Field
of
Blood.’)
“For
in
the
book
of
Psalms,”
Peter
continued, “it
is
said –
‘Let
his
home
become
desolate,
and
let
no
one
live
in it’;
and
also –
‘His
office
let
another
take.’
Therefore,
from
among
the
men
who
have
been
with
us
all
the
time
that
Jesus,
our
Master,
went
in
and
out
among
us –
from
his baptism
by
John
down
to
that
day
on
which
he
was
taken
from
us –
someone
must
be
found
to
join
us
as
a
witness
of
his resurrection.”
So
they
put
forward
two
men,
Joseph
called Barsabbas,
whose
other
name
was
Justus,
and
Matthias;
and
they
offered
this
prayer –
“Lord,
who
reads
all
hearts,
show
which
of
these
two
men
you
have
chosen
to
take
the
place
in
this apostolic
work,
which
Judas
has
abandoned,
to
go
to
his
proper
place.”
Then
they
drew
lots
between
them;
and,
the
lot
having
fallen
to
Matthias,
he
was
added
to
the
number
of
the
eleven apostles.
In
the
course
of
the
Festival
at
the
close
of
the
Harvest
the
disciples
had
all
met
together,
when
suddenly
there
came
from
the
heavens
a
noise
like
a
strong
wind
rushing
by;
it
filled
the
whole
house
in
which
they
were
sitting.
Then
there
appeared
tongues
of
what
seemed
to
be
flame,
separating,
so
that
one
settled
on
each
of
them;
and
they
were
all
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
began
to
speak
in
different
languages
as
the
Spirit
prompted
their
utterances.
Now
there
were
then
staying
in
Jerusalem religious
Jews
from
every
country
in
the
world;
and,
when
this
sound
was
heard,
numbers
of
people
collected,
in
the
greatest excitement,
because
each
of
them
heard
the
disciples
speaking
in
his
own
language.
They
were
utterly
amazed,
and
kept
asking
in
astonishment, “What!
Are
not
all
these
people
who
are
speaking
Galileans?
Then
how
is
it
that
we
each
of
us
hear
them
in
our
own
language?
Some
of
us
are
Parthians,
some
Medes,
some
Elamites;
and
some
of
us
live
in
Mesopotamia,
in
Judea
and
Cappadocia,
in
Pontus
and Roman
Asia,
in
Phrygia
and
Pamphylia,
in
Egypt
and
the
districts
of
Libya adjoining
Cyrene;
some
of
us
are
visitors
from
Rome,
either
Jews
by
birth
or
converts,
and
some
are
Cretans
and
Arabians –
yet
we
all
alike
hear
them
speaking
in
our
own
languages
of
the
great
things
that
God
has
done.”
They
were
all
utterly
amazed
and
bewildered.
“What
does
it
mean?”
they
asked
one
another.
But
there
were
some
who
said
with
a
sneer, “They
have
had
too
much
new
wine.”
Then
Peter,
surrounded
by
the
eleven
other apostles,
stood
up,
and,
raising
his
voice,
addressed
the
crowd. “People
of
Judea,”
he
began, “and
all
you
who
are
staying
in
Jerusalem,
let
me
tell
you
what
this
means.
Mark
well
my
words.
These
people
are
not
drunk,
as
you
suppose;
for
it
is
only
now
nine
in
the
morning!
No!
This
is
what
is
spoken
of
in
the
prophet
Joel –
‘It
will
come
about
in
the
last
days,’
God
says,
‘That
I
will
pour
out
my
Spirit
on
all
humanity;
your
sons
and
your
daughters
will
become
prophets,
your
young
men
will
see
visions,
and
your
old
men
dream
dreams;
yes,
even
on
the
slaves –
for
they
are
mine –
both
men
and
women,
I
will
in
those
days
pour
out
my
Spirit,
and
they
will
become
prophets;
and
I
will
show
wonders
in
the
heavens
above,
and
signs
on
the
earth
below –
blood
and
fire
and
mist
of
smoke;
the
sun
will
become
darkness,
and
the
moon blood-red,
before
the
day
of
the
Lord
comes –
that
great
and awful
day.
Then
will
everyone
who invokes
the
name
of
the
Lord
be
saved.’
People
of
Israel,
listen
to
what
I
am
saying.
Jesus
of
Nazareth,
a
man
whose
mission
from
God
to
you
was
proved
by
miracles,
wonders,
and
signs,
which
God
showed
among
you
through
him,
as
you
know
full
well –
he,
I
say,
in
accordance
with
God’s
definite
plan
and
with
his
previous
knowledge,
was
betrayed,
and
you,
by
the
hands
of
lawless
men,
nailed
him
to
a
cross
and
put
him
to
death.
But
God
released
him
from
the
pangs
of
death
and
raised
him
to
life,
it
being
impossible
for
death
to
retain
its
hold
on
him.
Indeed
he
was
the
one
David
was referring
to
when
he
said –
‘I
have
had
the
Lord
ever
before
my
eyes,
for
he
stands
at
my
right
hand,
so
that
I
should
not
be
disquieted.
Therefore
my
heart
was cheered,
and
my
tongue
told
its
delight;
yes,
even
my
body,
too,
will
rest
in
hope;
For
you
will
not
abandon
my
soul
to Hades,
nor
surrender
me,
your
holy
one,
to
undergo
corruption.
You
have
shown
me
the
path
to
life,
you
will
fill
me
with
gladness
in
your
presence.’
Friends,
I
can
speak
to
you
the
more
confidently
about
the
patriarch
David,
because
he
is
dead
and
buried,
and
his
tomb
is
here
among
us
to
this
very
day.
David,
then,
prophet
as
he
was,
knowing
that
God
had
solemnly
sworn
to
him
to
set
one
of
his
descendants
on
his
throne,
looked
into
the
future,
and referred
to
the resurrection
of
the
Christ
when
he
said
that
he
had
not
been
abandoned
to Hades,
nor
had
his
body undergone
corruption.
It
was
this
Jesus,
whom
God
raised
to
life;
and
of
that
we
are
ourselves
all
witnesses.
And
now
that
he
has
been
exalted
to
the
right
hand
of
God,
and
has
received
from
the
Father
the
promised
gift
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
he
has
begun
to
pour
out
that
gift,
as
you
yourselves
now
see
and
hear.
It
was
not
David
who
went
up
into
heaven;
for
he
himself
says –
‘The
Lord
said
to
my
master, “Sit
on
my
right
hand,
Until
I
put
your
enemies
as
a
footstool
under
your
feet.”’
So
let
the
whole
nation
of
Israel
know
beyond
all
doubt,
that
God
has
made
him
both
Lord
and
Christ –
this
Jesus
whom
you
crucified.”
When
the
people
heard
this,
they
were conscience-smitten,
and
said
to
Peter
and
the
rest
of
the apostles, “Friends,
what
can
we
do?”
“Repent,”
answered
Peter, “and
be baptized
every
one
of
you
in
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ
for
the
forgiveness
of
your
sins;
and
then
you
will
receive
the
gift
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
For
the
promise
is
for
you
and
for
your
children,
and
also
for
all
those
now
far
away,
who
may
be
called
by
the
Lord
our
God.”
Peter
spoke
to
them
for
a
long
time
using
many
other
arguments
and
pleaded
with
them – “Save
yourselves
from
the
perverse
spirit
of
this
age.”
So
those
who
accepted
his
teaching
were baptized,
and
about
three
thousand
people
joined
the
disciples
on
that
day
alone.
They
devoted
themselves
to
the
teaching
of
the apostles
and
to
the
Common
life
of
the church,
to
the
breaking
of
the
bread
and
to
the
Prayers.
A
deep impression
was
made
on
everyone,
and
many
wonders
and
signs
were
done
at
the
hands
of
the apostles.
All
who
became
believers
in Christ
held
everything
for
the
common
use;
they
sold
their
property
and
their
goods,
and
shared
the
proceeds
among
them
all,
according
to
their
individual
needs.
Every
day
they
devoted
themselves
to
meeting
together
in
the
Temple
Courts,
and
to
the
breaking
of
bread
at
their
homes,
while
they partook
of
their
food
in simple-hearted
gladness,
praising
God,
and winning
the goodwill
of
all
the
people.
And
the
Lord
daily
added
to
their
company
those
who
were
in
the
path
of
salvation.
One
day,
as
Peter
and
John
were
going
up
into
the
Temple
Courts
for
the
three o’clock
Prayers,
a
man,
who
had
been
lame
from
his
birth,
was
being
carried
by.
This
man
used
to
be
set
down
every
day
at
the
gate
of
the
Temple
called ‘the
Beautiful
Gate,’
to
beg
of
those
who
went
in.
Seeing
Peter
and
John
on
the
point
of
entering,
he
asked
them
to
give
him
something.
Peter
fixed
his
eyes
on
him,
and
so
did
John,
and
then
Peter
said, “Look
at
us.”
The
man
was
all
attention,
expecting
to
get
something
from
them;
but
Peter
added, “I
have
no
gold
or
silver,
but
I
give
you
what
I
have.
In
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ
of
Nazareth,
get
up
and
walk.”
Grasping
the
lame
man
by
the
right
hand,
Peter
lifted
him
up.
Instantly
the
man’s
feet
and
ankles
became
strong,
and,
leaping
up,
he
stood
and
began
to
walk
about,
and
then
went
with
them
into
the
Temple
Courts,
walking,
and
leaping,
and
praising
God.
All
the
people
saw
him
walking
about
and
praising
God;
and,
when
they
recognized
him
as
the
man
who
used
to
sit
begging
at
the
Beautiful
Gate
of
the
Temple,
they
were
utterly
astonished
and
amazed
at
what
had
happened
to
him.
While
the
man
still
clung
to
Peter
and
John,
the
people
all
quickly
gathered
around
them
in
the Colonnade
named
after
Solomon,
in
the
greatest
astonishment.
On
seeing
this,
Peter
said
to
the
people, “People
of
Israel,
why
are
you
surprised
at
this?
And
why
do
you
stare
at
us,
as
though
we,
by
any
power
or
piety
of
our
own,
had
enabled
this
man
to
walk?
The
God
of
Abraham,
Isaac,
and
Jacob,
the
God
of
our
ancestors,
has
done
honor
to
his
servant
Jesus –
him
whom
you
gave
up
and disowned
before
Pilate,
when
he
had
decided
to
set
him
free.
You,
I
say, disowned
the
holy
and
righteous
one,
and
asked
for
the
release
of
a
murderer!
The
guide
to
life
you
put
to
death!
But
God
raised
him
from
the
dead –
and
of
that
we
are
ourselves
witnesses.
And
it
is
by
faith
in
the
name
of
Jesus,
that
this
man,
whom
you
all
see
and
know,
has –
by
his
name –
been
made
strong.
Yes,
it
is
the
faith
inspired
by
Jesus
that
has
made
this
complete
cure
of
the
man,
before
the
eyes
of
you
all.
And
yet,
my
friends,
I
know
that
you
acted
as
you
did
from
ignorance,
and
your
rulers
also.
But
it
was
in
this
way
that
God
fulfilled
all
that
he
had
long
ago
foretold,
as
to
the
sufferings
of
his
Christ,
by
the
lips
of
all
the
prophets.
Therefore,
repent
and
turn
so
that
your
sins
may
be
wiped
away;
so
that happier
times
may
come
from
the
Lord
himself,
and
so
that
he
may
send
you,
in
Jesus,
your long-appointed
Christ.
But
heaven
must
be
his
home,
until
the
days
of
the Universal Restoration,
of
which
God
has
spoken
by
the
lips
of
his
holy
prophets
from
the
very
first.
Moses
himself
said –
‘The
Lord
your
God
will
raise
up
from
among
yourselves
a
prophet,
as
he
raised
me.
To
him
you
will
listen
whenever
he
speaks
to
you.
And
it
will
be
that
should
anyone
among
the
people
not
listen
to
that
prophet,
he
will
be
utterly
destroyed.’
Yes,
and
all
the
prophets
from
Samuel onwards,
and
all
their
successors
who
had
a
message
to
deliver,
told
of
these
days.
You
yourselves
are
the
heirs
of
the
prophets,
and
heirs,
too,
of
the
covenant
which
God
made
with
your
ancestors,
when
he
said
to
Abraham –
‘In
your
descendants
will
all
the
nations
of
the
earth
be
blessed.’
For
you,
first,
God
raised
up
his
servant,
and
sent
him
to
bless
you,
by
turning
each
one
of
you
from
his
wicked
ways.”
While
Peter
and
John
were
still
speaking
to
the
people,
the
chief
priest,
with
the
officer
in
charge
at
the
Temple
and
the
Sadducees,
came
up
to
them,
much
annoyed
because
they
were
teaching
the
people,
and
because,
through
Jesus,
they
were
preaching
the resurrection
from
the
dead.
They
arrested
the apostles
and,
as
it
was
already
evening,
had
them
placed
in
custody
until
the
next
day.
Many,
however,
of
those
who
had
heard
the apostles’
message
became
believers
in
Christ,
the
number
of
the
men
alone amounting
to
about
five
thousand.
The
next
day,
a
meeting
of
the
leaders
of
the
people,
the
elders,
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law
was
held
in
Jerusalem.
There
were
present Annas
the
high
priest,
Caiaphas,
John, Alexander,
and
all
who
were
of High-Priestly
rank.
They
had
Peter
and
John
brought
before
them,
and
questioned
them.
“By
what
power,”
they
asked, “Or
in
whose
name
have
men
like
you
done
this
thing?”
Then,
Peter,
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
said, “Leaders
of
the
people
and
elders,
since
we
are
on
our
trial
today
for
a
kind
act
done
to
a
helpless
man,
and
are
asked
in
what
way
the
man
here
before
you
has
been
cured,
let
me
tell
you
all
and
all
the
people
of
Israel,
that
it
is
by
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ
of
Nazareth,
whom
you
crucified
and
whom
God
raised
from
the
dead –
it
is,
I
say,
by
his
name
that
this
man
stands
here
before
you
lame
no
longer.
Jesus
is ‘the
stone
which,
scorned
by
you
the
builders,
has
yet
become
the
corner
stone.’
And
salvation
is
in
him
alone;
for
there
is
no
other
name
in
the
whole
world,
given
to
people,
to
which
we
must
look
for
our
salvation.”
When
the
Council
saw
how
boldly
Peter
and
John
spoke,
and
found
that
they
were uneducated
men
of
humble
station,
they
were
surprised,
and
realized
that
they
had
been
companions
of
Jesus.
But,
when
they
looked
at
the
man
who
had
been
healed,
standing
there
with
them,
they
had
nothing
to
say.
So
they
ordered
them
out
of
court,
and
then
began
consulting
together.
“What
are
we
to
do
to
these
men?”
they
asked
one
another. “That
a remarkable
sign
has
been
given
through
them
is
obvious
to
everyone
living
in
Jerusalem,
and
we
cannot
deny
it.
But,
to
prevent
this
thing
from
spreading
further
among
the
people,
let
us
warn
them
not
to
speak
in
this
name
any
more
to
anyone
whatever.”
So
they
called
the apostles
in,
and
ordered
them
not
to
speak
or
teach
in
the
name
of
Jesus.
But
Peter
and
John
replied, “Whether
it
is
right,
in
the
sight
of
God,
to
listen
to
you
rather
than
to
him –
judge
for
yourselves,
for
we
cannot
help
speaking
of
what
we
have
seen
and
heard.”
However,
after
further
warnings,
the
Council
set
them
at
liberty,
not
seeing
any
safe
way
of
punishing
them,
because
of
the
people,
for
they
were
all
praising
God
for
what
had
occurred;
for
the
man
who
was
the
subject
of
this
miraculous
cure
was
more
than
forty
years
old.
After
they
had
been
set
at
liberty,
the apostles
went
to
their
friends
and
told
them
what
the
chief
priests
and
the
elders
had
said
to
them.
All
who
heard
their
story,
moved
by
a
common
impulse,
raised
their
voices
to
God
in
prayer:
“Sovereign
Lord,
it
is
you
who
has
made
the
heavens,
the
earth,
the
sea,
and
everything
that
is
in
them,
and
who,
by
the
lips
of
our
ancestor,
your
servant
David,
who
spoke
under
the
influence
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
have
said –
‘Why
did
the
nations
rage,
and
the
peoples
form
vain
designs?
The
kings
of
the
earth
set
their
array,
and
its
rulers
gathered
together,
against
the
Lord
and
against
his
Christ.’
There
have
indeed
gathered
together
in
this
city
against
your
holy
servant
Jesus,
whom
you
has
consecrated
the Christ,
not
Herod
and
Pontius
Pilate
only,
but
the
nations
and
the
people
of
Israel
besides –
yet
only
to
do
what
you,
by
your
power
and
of
your
own
will,
did
long
ago
destine
to
be
done.
Now,
therefore,
Lord,
mark
their
threats,
and
enable
your
servants,
with
all fearlessness,
to
tell
your
message,
while
you
stretch
out
your
hand
to
heal,
and
cause
signs
and
wonders
to
take
place
through
the
name
of
your
holy
servant
Jesus.”
When
their
prayer
was
ended,
the
place
in
which
they
were
assembled
was
shaken;
and
they
were
all
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
began
to
tell
God’s
message fearlessly.
The
whole
body
of
those
who
had
become
believers
in
Christ
were
of
one
heart
and
mind.
Not
one
of
them
claimed
any
of
his
goods
as
his
own,
but
everything
was
held
for
the
common
use.
The apostles
continued
with
great
power
to
bear
their
testimony
to
the resurrection
of
the
Lord
Jesus,
and
God’s
blessing
rested
on
them
all
abundantly.
Nor
was
there
anyone
in
need
among
them,
for
all
who
were
owners
of
land
or
houses
sold
them,
and
brought
the
proceeds
of
the
sales
and
laid
them
at
the apostles’
feet;
and
then
everyone
received
a
share
in
proportion
to
his
wants.
A
Levite
of
Cyprian
birth,
named
Joseph, (who
had
received
from
the apostles
the additional
name
of ‘Barnabas’ –
which
means ‘The Consoler,’)
Sold
a
farm
that
belonged
to
him,
and
brought
the
money
and
laid
it
at
the apostles’
feet.
There
was,
however,
a
man
named Ananias,
who,
with
his
wife
Sapphira,
sold
some
property,
and,
with
her connivance,
kept
back
some
of
the
proceeds.
He
brought
only
a
part
and
laid
it
at
the apostles’
feet.
“Ananias,”
Peter
exclaimed, “how
is
it
that
Satan
has
so
taken
possession
of
your
heart
that
you
have
lied
to
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
kept
back
a
part
of
the
money
paid
for
the
land?
While
it
was unsold,
was
not
it
your
own?
And
after
it
was
sold,
was
not
the
money
at
your
own
disposal?
How
did
you
come
to
think
of
such
a
thing?
You
have
lied,
not
to
people,
but
to
God!”
As Ananias
heard
these
words,
he
fell
down
and
expired;
and
everyone
who
heard
of
it
was
appalled.
The
young
men
got
up,
and,
winding
the
body
in
a sheet,
carried
it
out
and
buried
it.
After
an
interval
of
about
three
hours
his
wife
came
in,
not
knowing
what
had
happened.
“Is
it
true,”
Peter
asked,
addressing
her, “that
you
sold
your
land
for
such
a
sum?”
“Yes,”
she
answered, “we
did.”
Then
Peter
said, “How
did
you
come
to
agree
to
provoke
the
Spirit
of
the
Lord?
Listen!
The
footsteps
of
those
who
have
buried
your
husband
are
at
the
door;
and
they
will
carry
you
out
too.”
Instantly Sapphira
fell
down
at Peter’s
feet
and
expired.
On
coming
in,
the
young
men
found
her
dead;
so
they
carried
her
out
and
buried
her
by
her
husband’s
side.
The
whole
church
and
all
who
heard
of
these
events
were
appalled.
Many
signs
and
wonders
continued
to
occur
among
the
people,
through
the instrumentality
of
the apostles,
whose
custom
it
was
to
meet
all
together
in
the Colonnade
of
Solomon;
but
of
the
rest
no
one
ventured
to
join
them.
On
the
other
hand,
the
people
were
full
of
their
praise,
and
still
larger
numbers,
both
of
men
and
women,
as
they
became
believers
in
the
Lord,
were
added
to
their
number.
The consequence
was
that
people
would
bring
out
their
sick
even
into
the
streets,
and
lay
them
on mattresses
and
mats,
in
the
hope
that,
as
Peter
came
by,
at
least
his
shadow
might
fall
on
someone
of
them.
Besides
this,
the
inhabitants
of
the
towns
around
Jerusalem flocked
into
the
city,
bringing
with
them
their
sick
and
those
who
were
troubled
by
foul
spirits;
and
they
were
cured
everyone.
At
this
the
high
priest
was
roused
to
action,
and
he
and
all
his
supporters (who
formed
the
party
of
the
Sadducees),
moved
by
jealousy,
arrested
the apostles,
and
had
them
placed
in
custody.
An
angel
of
the
Lord,
however,
opened
the
prison
doors
at
night
and
led
them
out.
“Go,”
he
said, “and
stand
in
the
Temple
Courts,
and
tell
the
people
the
whole
message
of
this
new
life.”
When
they
heard
this,
they
went
at
daybreak
into
the
Temple
Courts,
and
began
to
teach.
The
high
priest
and
his
party,
on
their
arrival,
summoned
the
High
Council,
including
all
the
leaders
of
the
people
among
the
Israelites,
and
sent
to
the
jail
to
fetch
the apostles.
But,
when
the
officers
got
there,
they
did
not
find
them
in
the
prison;
so
they
returned
and
reported
that,
while
they
had
found
the
goal barred
securely
and
the
guards
posted
at
the
doors,
yet,
on
opening
them,
they
had
not
found
anyone
inside.
When
the
officer
in
charge
at
the
Temple
and
the
chief
priests
heard
their
story,
they
were
perplexed
about
the apostles
and
as
to
what
all
this
would
lead
to.
Presently,
however,
someone
came
and
told
them,
that
the
men
whom
they
had
put
in
prison
were
actually
standing
in
the
Temple
Courts,
teaching
the
people.
Then,
the
officer
went
with
his
men
and
fetched
the apostles –
without
using
violence,
for
they
were
afraid
of
being
stoned
by
the
people –
and
then
brought
them
before
the
Council.
The
high
priest
demanded
an
explanation
from
them.
“We
gave
you
strict
orders,”
he
said, “not
to
teach
in
this
name.
Yet
you
have
actually
flooded
Jerusalem
with
your
teaching,
and
you
want
to
make
us
responsible
for
the
death
of
this
man.”
To
this
Peter
and
the apostles
replied, “We
must
obey
God
rather
than
people.
The
God
of
our
ancestors
raised
Jesus,
whom
you
put
to
death
by
hanging
him
on
a
cross.
It
is
this
Jesus
whom
God
has
exalted
to
his
right
hand,
to
be
a
guide
and
a
Savior,
to
give
Israel
repentance
and
forgiveness
of
sins.
And
we
are
witness
to
the
truth
of
this,
and
so
is
the
Holy
Spirit –
the
gift
of
God
to
those
who
obey
him.”
The
members
of
the
Council
became frantic
with
rage
on
hearing
this,
and
were
for
putting
the apostles
to
death.
But
Gamaliel,
a
Pharisee,
who
was
a
Doctor
of
the
Law
and
who
was
held
in universal
respect,
rose
in
the
Council,
and
directed
that
the
men
should
be
taken
out
of
court
for
a
little
while.
He
then
said, “People
of
Israel,
take
care
as
to
what
you
intend
to
do
with
these
men.
For
not
long
ago
Theudas
appeared, professing
to
be
somebody,
and
was
joined
by
a
body
of
some
four
hundred
men.
But
he
was
killed;
and
all
his
followers
scattered
and dwindled
away.
After
him,
Judas
the
Galilean
appeared
at
the
time
of
the
census,
and
induced
people
to
follow
him;
yet
he,
too,
perished
and
all
his
followers
were
dispersed.
And,
in
this
present
case,
my
advice
to
you
is
not
to interfere
with
these
men,
but
to
leave
them
alone,
for,
if
their
designs
and
their
work
are
merely
of
human
origin,
they
will
come
to
an
end;
but,
if
they
are
of
divine
origin,
you
will
be
powerless
to
put
an
end
to
them –
or
else
you
may
find
yourselves
fighting
against
God!”
The
Council
followed
his
advice,
and,
calling
the apostles
in,
had
them
flogged,
and
then,
after cautioning
them
not
to
speak
in
the
name
of
Jesus,
set
them
free.
But
the apostles
left
the
Council,
rejoicing
that
they
had
been
thought
worthy
to
suffer
disgrace
for
that
name;
and
never
for
a
single
day,
either
in
the
Temple
Courts
or
in
private
houses,
did
they
cease
to
teach,
or
to
tell
the
good
news
of
Jesus,
the
Christ.
About
this
time,
when
the
number
of
the
disciples
was
constantly
increasing,
complaints
were
made
by
the Greek
speaking
Jews
against
the
Aramaic
speaking
Jews,
that
their
widows
were
being
overlooked
in
the
daily distribution.
The
Twelve,
therefore,
called
together
the
general
body
of
the
disciples
and
said
to
them, “It
is
not
well
for
us
to
see
to
the distribution
at
the
tables
and
neglect
God’s
message.
Therefore,
friends,
look
for
seven
men
of
reputation
among
yourselves,
wise
and spiritually-minded
men,
and
we
will
appoint
them
to
attend
to
this
matter;
while
we,
for
our
part,
will
devote
ourselves
to
prayer,
and
to
the
delivery
of
the
message.”
This
proposal
was unanimously
agreed
to;
and
the
disciples
chose
Stephen –
a
man
full
of
faith
and
of
the
Holy
Spirit –
and
Philip,
Prochorus,
Nicanor,
Timon,
Parmenas,
and Nicholas
of Antioch,
a
former
convert
to Judaism;
and
they
brought
these
men
to
the apostles,
who,
after
praying,
placed
their
hands
on
them.
So
God’s
message
spread,
and
the
number
of
the
disciples
continued
to
increase
rapidly
in
Jerusalem,
and
a
large
body
of
the
priests
accepted
the
faith.
Meanwhile
Stephen, divinely
helped
and
strengthened,
was
showing
great
wonders
and
signs
among
the
people.
But
some
members
of
the
Synagogue
of
the
Freed
Slaves (as
it
was
called),
Cyrenians, Alexandrians,
and
Visitors
from
Cilicia
and Roman
Asia,
were
roused
to
action
and
began
disputing
with
Stephen;
yet
they
were
quite
unable
to
withstand
the
wisdom
and
the
inspiration
with
which
he
spoke.
Then
they
induced
some
men
to
assert
that
they
had
heard Stephen
saying blasphemous
things
against
Moses,
and
against
God;
and
they
stirred
up
the
people,
as
well
as
the
elders
and
the
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
set
on Stephen,
and
arrested
him,
and
brought
him
before
the
High
Council.
There
they
produced
witnesses
who
gave
false
evidence.
“This
man,”
they
said, “is
incessantly
saying
things
against
this
holy
place
and
the
Law;
indeed,
we
have
heard
him
declare
that
this
Jesus
of
Nazareth
will
destroy
this
place,
and
change
the
customs
handed
down
to
us
by
Moses.”
The
eyes
of
all
the
members
of
the
Council
were riveted
on Stephen,
and
they
saw
his
face
looking
like
the
face
of
an
angel.
Then
the
high
priest
asked, “Is
this
true?”
Stephen
replied, “Brothers
and
fathers,
hear
what
I
have
to
say.
God,
who manifests
himself
in
the
glory,
appeared
to
our
ancestor
Abraham
when
he
was
in
Mesopotamia,
and
before
he
settled
in
Haran,
and
said
to
him –
‘Leave
your
country
and
your
people,
and
come
into
the
country
that
I
will
show
you.’
And
so
Abraham
left
the
country
of
the Chaldaeans
and
settled
in
Haran;
and
from
there,
after
his
father’s
death,
God
caused
him
to migrate
into
this
country,
in
which
you
are
now
living.
God
did
not
at
that
time
give
him
any
part
of
it,
not
even
a
foot
of
ground.
But
he
promised
to
give
him
possession
of
it
and
his
descendants
after
him,
though
at
that
time
he
had
no
child.
God’s
words
were
these – ‘Abraham’s
descendants
will
live
in
a
foreign
country,
where
they
will
be
enslaved
and ill-treated
for
four
hundred
years.
But
I
myself
will
judge
the
nation,
to
which
they
will
be
enslaved,’
God
said, ‘and
after
that
they
will
leave
the
country
and
worship
me
in
this
place.’
Then
God
made
with
Abraham
the
covenant
of
circumcision;
and
under
it
Abraham
became
the
father
of
Isaac,
and
circumcised
him
when
he
was
eight
days
old;
and
Isaac
became
the
father
of
Jacob;
and
Jacob
of
the
Twelve
Patriarchs.
The
Patriarchs,
out
of
jealousy,
sold
Joseph
into
slavery
in
Egypt;
but
God
was
with
him,
and
delivered
him
out
of
all
his
troubles,
and
enabled
him
to
win
favor
and
show
wisdom
before
Pharaoh,
king
of
Egypt,
who
appointed
him
Governor
of
Egypt
and
of
his
whole
household.
Then
a
famine
spread
over
the
whole
of
Egypt
and
Canaan,
causing
great
distress,
and
our
ancestors
could
find
no
food.
Hearing,
however,
that
there
was
corn
in
Egypt,
Jacob
sent
our
ancestors
there
on
their
first
visit.
In
the
course
of
their
second
visit,
Joseph
revealed
himself
to
his
brothers,
and
his
family
became
known
to
Pharaoh.
Then
Joseph
sent
an
urgent invitation
to
his
father
Jacob
and
to
his
relatives,
seventy-five
persons
in
all;
and
so
Jacob
went
down
into
Egypt.
There
he
died,
and
our
ancestors
also,
and
their
bodies
were
removed
to
Shechem,
and
laid
in
the
tomb
which
Abraham
had
bought
for
a
sum
of
money
from
the
sons
of
Hamor
in
Shechem.
As
the
time
drew
near
for
the
fulfillment
of
the
promise
which
God
had
made
to
Abraham,
the
people
increased largely
in
numbers
in
Egypt,
until
a
new
king,
who
knew
nothing
of
Joseph,
came
to
the
throne.
This
king
acted
deceitfully towards
our
people
and ill-treated
our
ancestors,
making
them
abandon
their
own
infants,
so
that
they
should
not
be
reared.
It
was
just
at
this
time
that
Moses
was
born.
He
was
an
exceedingly
beautiful
child,
and
for
three
months
was
brought
up
in
his
own
father’s
house;
and,
when
he
was
abandoned,
the
daughter
of
Pharaoh
found
him
and
brought
him
up
as
her
own
son.
So
Moses
was
educated
in
all
the
learning
of
the
Egyptians,
and
proved
his
ability
both
by
his
words
and
actions.
When
he
was
in
his
fortieth
year,
he
resolved
to
visit
his
fellow
Israelites;
and,
seeing
an
Israelite ill-treated,
he
defended
him,
and
avenged
the
man,
who
was
being
wronged,
by
striking
down
the
Egyptian.
He
thought
his
own
people
would
understand
that
God
was
using
him
to
save
them;
but
they
failed
to
do
so.
The
next
day
he
again
appeared
on
the scene,
when
some
of
them
were
fighting,
and
tried
to
make
peace
between
them. ‘Men,’
he
said, ‘you
are
brothers;
how
is
it
that
you
are ill-treating
one
another?’
But
the
man
who
was ill-treating
his
fellow
workman
pushed
Moses
aside
saying – ‘Who
made
you
a
ruler
and
judge
over
us?
Do
you
mean
to
make
away
with
me
as
you
did
yesterday
with
that
Egyptian?’
At
these
words
Moses
took
to
flight,
and
became
an
exile
in
Midian;
and
there
he
had
two
sons
born
to
him.
Forty
years
had
passed
when
there
appeared
to
him,
in
the
desert
of
Mount
Sinai,
an
angel
in
a
flame
of
fire
in
a
bush.
When
Moses
saw
it,
he
was
astonished
at
the
vision;
but
on
his
going
nearer
to
look
at
it
more
closely,
the
voice
of
the
Lord
was
heard
to
say –
‘I
am
the
God
of
your
ancestors,
the
God
of
Abraham,
Isaac,
and
Jacob.’
Moses
trembled,
and
did
not
dare
to
look.
Then
the
Lord
said
to
him – ‘Take
your
sandals
off
your
feet,
for
the
spot
where
you
are
standing
is
holy
ground.
I
have
seen
the
oppression
of
my
people
who
are
in
Egypt,
and
heard
their
groans,
and
I
have
come
down
to
deliver
them.
Come
now
and
I
will
send
you
into
Egypt.’
This
same
Moses,
whom
they
had disowned
with
the
words – ‘Who
made
you
a
ruler
and
a
judge?’
was
the
man
whom
God
sent
to
be
both
a
ruler
and
a
deliverer,
under
the
guidance
of
the
angel
that
had
appeared
to
him
in
the
bush.
He
it
was
who
led
them
out,
after
he
had
shown
wonders
and
signs
in
Egypt,
in
the
Red
Sea,
and
in
the
desert
during
forty
years.
This
was
the
Moses
who
said
to
the
people
of
Israel – ‘God
will
raise
up
for
you,
from
among
yourselves,
a
prophet,
as
he
raised
up
me.’
He,
too,
it
was
who
was
present
at
the
assembly
in
the
desert,
with
the
angel
who
talked
to
him
on
Mount
Sinai,
and
with
our
ancestors,
and
who
received
living truths
to
impart
to
you.
Yet
our
ancestors
refused
him
obedience;
more
than
that,
they
rejected
him,
and
in
their
hearts
turned
back
to
Egypt,
while
they
said
to
Aaron – ‘Make
us
Gods
who
will
lead
the
way
for
us,
since,
as
for
this
Moses
who
has
brought
us
out
of
Egypt,
we
do
not
know
what
has
become
of
him.’
That
was
the
time
when
they
made
the
calf
and
offered
sacrifice
to
their
idol,
and
held festivities
in
honor
of
their
own
handiwork!
So
God
turned
from
them
and
left
them
to
the
worship
of
the Starry
Host,
as
is
written
in
the
book
of
the
prophets –
‘Did
you
offer
victims
and
sacrifices
to
me,
house
of
Israel,
all
those
forty
years
in
the
desert?
You
took
with
you
the
tent
where
Moloch
is
worshiped
and
the
star
of
the
god
Rephan –
the
images
which
you
had
made
to
worship.
Therefore
I
will
exile
you
beyond
Babylon.’
Our
ancestors
had
the
tent
where
they
worshiped
God
in
the
desert,
constructed,
just
as
he
who
spoke
to
Moses
had
directed
him
to
make
it,
after
the
model
which
he
had
seen.
This
tent,
which
was
handed
down
to
them,
was
brought
into
this
country
by
our
ancestors
who
accompanied
Joshua (at
the conquest
of
the
nations
that
God
drove
out
before
their
advance),
and
remained
here
until
the
time
of
David.
David
found
favor
with
God,
and
prayed
that
he
might
provide
the
God
of
Jacob
with
a
place
to
reside.
But
it
was
Solomon
who
built
a
house
for
God.
Yet
it
is
not
in
buildings
made
by
hands
that
the
Most
High
dwells.
As
the
prophet
says –
‘The
heavens
are
a
throne
for
me,
and
the
earth
a
stool
for
my
feet.
What
manner
of
house
will
you
build
me,
asks
the
Lord,
or
what
place
is
there
where
I
may
rest?
Was
it
not
my
hand
that
made
all
these
things?’
Stubborn
people,
heathen
in
heart
and
ears,
you
are
for
ever resisting
the
Holy
Spirit;
your
ancestors
did
it,
and
you
are
doing
it
still.
Which
of
the
prophets
escaped
persecution
at
their
hands?
They
killed
those
who
foretold
the
coming
of
the
righteous
one;
of
whom
you,
in
your
turn,
have
now
become
the
betrayers
and
murderers –
you
who
received
the
Law
as transmitted
by
angels
and
yet
failed
to
keep
it.”
As
they
listened
to
this,
the
Council
grew frantic
with
rage,
and
gnashed
their
teeth
at Stephen.
He,
filled
as
he
was
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
fixed
his
eyes intently
on
the
heavens,
and
saw
the
glory
of
God
and
Jesus
standing
at
God’s
right
hand.
“Look,”
he
exclaimed, “I
see
heaven
open
and
the
Son
of
Man
standing
at
God’s
right
hand!”
At
this,
with
a
loud
shout,
they
stopped
their
ears
and
all
rushed
on
him,
forced
him
outside
the
city,
and
began
to
stone
him,
the
witnesses
laying
their
clothes
at
the
feet
of
a
young
man
named
Saul.
And
they
stoned
Stephen,
while
he
cried
to
the
Lord, “Lord
Jesus!
Receive
my
spirit!”
Falling
on
his
knees,
he
called
out
loudly, “Lord!
Do
not
charge
them
with
this
sin;”
and
with
these
words
he
fell
asleep.
Saul
approved
of
his
being
put
to
death.
On
that
very
day
a
great
persecution
broke
out
against
the
church
which
was
in
Jerusalem;
and
its
members,
with
the exception
of
the apostles,
were
all
scattered
over
the
districts
of
Judea
and
Samaria.
Some religious
men
buried
Stephen,
with
loud
lamentations
for
him.
But
Saul
began
to
devastate
the
church;
he
entered
house
after
house,
dragged
out
men
and
women
alike,
and
threw
them
into
prison.
Now
those
who
were
scattered
in
different
directions
went
from
place
to
place
proclaiming
the
good
news.
Philip
went
down
to
the
city
of
Samaria,
and
there
began
to
preach
the
Christ.
The
people,
one
and
all,
listened
attentively
to
what
Philip
told
them,
when
they
heard
of,
and
saw,
the
miracles
which
he
was
working.
For
there
were
many instances
of
people
with
foul
spirits,
where
the
spirits,
with
loud screams,
came
out
of
them;
and
many
who
were
paralyzed
or
lame
were
cured,
so
that
there
was
great
rejoicing
throughout
that
city.
There
was
staying
in
the
city
a
man
named
Simon,
who
had
been
practicing
magic
there
and mystifying
the
Samaritan
people,
giving
himself
out
to
be
some
great
being.
Everyone,
high
and
low,
paid
attention
to
him. ‘This
man,’
they
used
to
say, ‘must
be
that
power
of
God
which
people
call “The
Great
Power.”’
And
they
paid
attention
to
him
because
they
had
for
a
long
time
been mystified
by
his
magic
arts.
However,
when
they
came
to
believe
Philip,
as
he
told
them
the
good
news
about
the
kingdom
of
God
and
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ,
they
were baptized,
both
men
and
women.
Even
Simon
believed,
and
after
his baptism
attached
himself
to
Philip,
and
was
in
his
turn mystified
at
seeing
signs
and
great
miracles
constantly occurring.
When
the apostles
at
Jerusalem
heard
that
the
Samaritans
had
welcomed
God’s
message,
they
sent
Peter
and
John
to
them;
and
they,
on
their
arrival,
prayed
that
the
Samaritans
might
receive
the
Holy
Spirit.
(As
yet
the
Spirit
had
not
descended
on
any
of
them;
they
had
only
been baptized
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus).
Then
Peter
and
John
placed
their
hands
on
them,
and
they
received
the
Holy
Spirit.
When
Simon
saw
that
it
was
through
the
placing
of
the apostles’
hands
on
them
that
the
Spirit
was
given,
he
brought
them
a
sum
of
money
and
said,
“Give
me
also
this
power
of
yours,
so
that,
if
I
place
my
hands
on
anyone,
he
may
receive
the
Holy
Spirit.”
“A
curse
on
you
and
on
your
silver,”
Peter
exclaimed, “for
thinking
that
God’s
free
gift
can
be
bought
with
money!
You
have
no
share
or
part
in
our
message,
for
your
heart
is
not
right
with
God.
Therefore
repent
of
this
wickedness
of
yours,
and
pray
to
the
Lord,
that,
if possible,
you
may
be
forgiven
for
such
a
thought;
for
I
see
that
you
have
fallen
into
the
bitterness
of
envy
and
the
fetters
of
sin.”
“Pray
to
the
Lord
for
me,
all
of
you,”
Simon
answered, “so
that
none
of
the
things
you
have
spoken
of
may
happen
to
me.”
Peter
and
John,
having
borne
their
testimony
and
delivered
the
Lord’s
message,
returned
to
Jerusalem,
telling
the
good
news,
as
they
went,
in
many
Samaritan
villages.
Meanwhile
an
angel
of
the
Lord
had
said
to
Philip, “Set
out
on
a
journey southwards,
along
the
road
that
runs
down
from
Jerusalem
to
Gaza.” (It
is
now
deserted).
So Philip
set
out
on
a
journey;
and
on
his
way
he
came
on
an
official
of
high
rank,
in
the
service
of
Candace,
Queen
of
the Abyssinians.
He
was
her
treasurer,
and
had
been
to
Jerusalem
to
worship,
and
was
now
on
his
way
home,
sitting
in
his
carriage
and
reading
the
prophet
Isaiah.
The
Spirit
said
to
Philip, “Go
up
to
the
carriage
over
there
and
keep
close
to
it.”
So
Philip
ran
up,
and
he
heard
the Abyssinian
reading
the
prophet
Isaiah.
“Do
you
understand
what
you
are
reading?”
he
asked.
“How
can
I,”
the
other
answered, “unless
someone
will
explain
it
to
me?”
and
he
invited
Philip
to
get
up
and
sit
by
his
side.
The
passage
of
scripture
which
he
was
reading
was
this –
‘Like
a
sheep,
he
was
led
away
to
slaughter,
and
as
a
lamb
is
dumb
in
the
hands
of
its
shearer,
so
he
refrains
from
opening
his
lips.
He
was
humiliated
and
justice
was
denied
him.
Who
will
tell
the
story
of
his
generation?
For
his
life
is
cut
off
from
earth.’
“Now,”
said
the
Treasurer,
addressing
Philip, “tell
me,
of
whom
is
the
prophet
speaking?
Of
himself,
or
of
someone
else?”
Then
Philip
began,
and,
taking
this
passage
as
his
text,
told
him
the
good
news
about
Jesus.
Presently,
as
they
were
going
along
the
road,
they
came
to
some
water,
and
the
Treasurer
exclaimed, “Look!
Here
is
water;
what
is
to
prevent
my
being baptized?”
8.37
Some later manuscripts add: Philip said, “If you believe with your whole heart, you may.” And he replied, “I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.”
So
he
ordered
the
carriage
to
stop,
and
they
went
down
into
the
water –
both
Philip
and
the
Treasurer –
and
Philip baptized
him.
But,
when
they
came
up
out
of
the
water,
the
Spirit
of
the
Lord
caught
Philip
away,
and
the
Treasurer
saw
no
more
of
him;
for
he
continued
his
journey
with
a
joyful
heart.
But
Philip
was
found
at
Ashdod,
and,
as
he
went
on
his
way,
he
told
the
good
news
in
all
the
towns
through
which
he
passed,
until
he
came
to
Caesarea.
Meanwhile
Saul,
still
breathing
murderous
threats
against
the
disciples
of
the
Lord,
went
to
the
high
priest,
and
asked
him
to
give
him
letters
to
the
Jewish
congregations
at
Damascus, authorizing
him,
if
he
found
there
any
supporters
of
the
Way,
whether
men
or
women,
to
have
them
put
in
chains
and
brought
to
Jerusalem.
While
on
his
journey,
as
he
was nearing
Damascus,
suddenly
a
light
from
the
heavens
flashed
around
him.
He
fell
to
the
ground
and
heard
a
voice
saying
to
him –
“Saul,
Saul,
why
are
you
persecuting
me?”
“Who
are
you,
Lord?”
he
asked.
“I
am
Jesus,
whom
you
are
persecuting,”
the
voice
answered;
“Yet
stand
up
and
go
into
the
city,
and
you
will
be
told
what
you
must
do.”
The
men
traveling
with
Saul
were
meanwhile
standing
speechless;
they
heard
the
sound
of
the
voice,
but
saw
no
one.
When
Saul
got
up
from
the
ground,
though
his
eyes
were
open,
he
could
see
nothing.
So
his
men
led
him
by
the
hand,
and
brought
him
into
Damascus;
and
for
three
days
he
was
unable
to
see,
and
took
nothing
either
to
eat
or
to
drink.
Now
there
was
at
Damascus
a
disciple
named Ananias,
to
whom,
in
a
vision,
the
Lord
said,
“Ananias.”
“Yes,
Lord,”
he
answered.
“Go
at
once,”
said
the
Lord,
“to
the
Straight
Street,
and
ask
at Judas’s
house
for
a
man
named
Saul,
from
Tarsus.
He
is
at
this
moment
praying,
and
he
has
seen,
in
a
vision,
a
man
named Ananias
coming
in
and
placing
his
hands
on
him,
so
that
he
may
recover
his
sight.”
“Lord,”
exclaimed Ananias, “I
have
heard
from
many
people
about
this
man –
how
much
harm
he
has
done
at
Jerusalem
to
your
people
there.
And,
here,
too,
he
holds
authority
from
the
chief
priests
to
put
in
chains
all
those
who
invoke
your
name.”
But
the
Lord
said
to
him,
“Go,
for
this
man
is
my
chosen
instrument
to
uphold
my
name
before
the
Gentiles
and
their
kings,
and
the
people
of
Israel.
I
will
myself
show
him
all
that
he
has
to
suffer
for
my
name.”
So Ananias
went,
entered
the
house,
and,
placing
his
hands
on
Saul,
said, “Saul,
my
brother,
I
have
been
sent
by
the
Lord –
by
Jesus,
who
appeared
to
you
on
your
way
here –
so
that
you
may
recover
your
sight
and
be
filled
with
the
Holy
Spirit.”
Instantly
it
seemed
as
if
a film
fell
from
Saul’s
eyes,
and
his
sight
was
restored.
Then
he
got
up
and
was baptized,
and,
after
he
had
taken
food,
he
felt
his
strength
return.
Saul
stayed
for
some
days
with
the
disciples
who
were
at
Damascus,
and
at
once
began
in
the
synagogues
to
proclaim
Jesus
as
the
Son
of
God.
All
who
heard
him
were
amazed.
“Is
not
this,”
they
asked, “the
man
who
worked havoc
in
Jerusalem
among
those
that
invoke
this
name,
and
who
had
also
come
here
for
the
express
purpose
of
having
such
persons
put
in
chains
and
taken
before
the
chief
priests?”
Saul’s
influence,
however,
kept
steadily
increasing,
and
he
confounded
the
Jewish
people
who
lived
in
Damascus
by
the proofs
that
he
gave
that
Jesus
was
the
Christ.
After
some
time
some
of
them
laid
a
plot
to
kill
Saul,
but
it
became
known
to
him.
They
even
watched
the
gates
day
and
night,
to
kill
him;
but
his
disciples
let
him
down
by
night
through
an
opening
in
the
wall,
lowering
him
in
a
basket.
On
his
arrival
in
Jerusalem,
Saul
attempted
to
join
the
disciples,
but
they
were
all
afraid
of
him,
as
they
did
not
believe
that
he
was
really
a
disciple.
Barnabas,
however,
taking
him
by
the
hand,
brought
him
to
the apostles,
and
told
them
the
whole
story
of
how
Saul
on
his
journey
had
seen
the
Lord,
and
how
the
Lord
had
talked
to
him,
and
how
in
Damascus
he
had
spoken
out fearlessly
in
the
name
of
Jesus.
After
that,
Saul
remained
in
Jerusalem,
in
close
contact
with
the apostles;
and
he
spoke fearlessly
in
the
name
of
the
Lord,
talking
and
arguing
with
the
Jews
of
foreign
birth,
who,
however,
made
attempts
to
kill
him.
But,
when
the
followers
found
this
out,
they
took
him
down
to
Caesarea,
and
sent
him
on
his
way
to
Tarsus.
And
so
it
came
about
that
the
church,
throughout
Judea,
Galilee,
and
Samaria,
enjoyed
peace
and
became
firmly
established;
and,
ordering
its
life
by
respect
for
the
Lord
and
the
help
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
it
increased
in
numbers.
Peter,
while
traveling
from
place
to
place
throughout
the
country,
went
down
to
visit
the
people
of Christ
living
at
Lydda.
There
he
found
a
man
named Aeneas,
who
had
been
bedridden
for
eight
years
with paralysis.
“Aeneas,”
Peter
said
to
him, “Jesus
Christ cures
you.
Get
up,
and
make
your
bed.” Aeneas
got
up
at
once;
and
all
the
inhabitants
of
Lydda
and
of
the
Plain
of
Sharon
saw
him,
and
came
over
to
the
Lord’s
side.
p
At
Joppa
there
lived
a
disciple
whose
name
was
Tabitha,
which
is
in Greek ‘Dorcas’ –
a
Gazelle.
Her
life
was
spent
in
doing
kind
and charitable
actions.
Just
at
that
time
she
was
taken
ill,
and
died;
and
they
had
washed
her
body
and
laid
it
out
in
an upstairs
room.
Joppa
was
near
Lydda,
and
the
disciples,
having
heard
that
Peter
was
at
Lydda,
sent
two
men
with
the
request
that
he
come
to
them
without
delay.
Peter
returned
with
them
at
once.
On
his
arrival,
he
was
taken upstairs,
and
all
the
widows
came
around
him
in
tears,
showing
the
coats
and
other
clothing
which
Dorcas
had
made
while
she
was
among
them.
But
Peter
sent
everybody
out
of
the
room,
and
knelt
down
and
prayed.
Then,
turning
to
the
body,
he
said, “Tabitha!
Stand
up.”
She
opened
her
eyes,
and,
seeing
Peter,
sat
up.
Giving
her
his
hand,
Peter
raised
her
up,
and,
calling
in
the
widows
and
others
of Christ’s
people,
presented
her
to
them
alive.
This
became
known
all
through
Joppa,
and
numbers
of
people
came
to
believe
in
the
Lord.
And
Peter
stayed
some
days
at
Joppa
with
a
tanner
named
Simon.
At
Caesarea
there
was
a
man
named
Cornelius,
a
centurion
in
the regiment
known
as
the ‘Italian Regiment,’
A religious
man
and
one
who
reverenced
God,
with
all
his
household.
He
was
liberal
in
his charities
to
the
people,
and
prayed
to
God
constantly.
One
afternoon,
about
three o’clock,
he
distinctly
saw
in
a
vision
an
angel
from
God
come
to
him,
and
call
him
by
name.
Cornelius
fixed
his
eyes
on
him
and,
in
great
alarm,
said, “What
is
it,
Lord?”
“Your
prayers
and
your charities,”
the
angel
answered, “have
been
an
acceptable
offering
to
God.
And
now,
send
messengers
to
Joppa
and
fetch
a
man
called
Simon,
who
is
also
known
as
Peter.
He
is
lodging
with
a
tanner
named
Simon,
who
has
a
house
near
the
sea.”
When
the
angel,
who
had
spoken
to
him,
had
gone,
Cornelius
called
two
servants
and
a religious
soldier,
who
was
one
of
his
constant
attendants,
and,
after
telling
them
the
whole
story,
sent
them
to
Joppa.
On
the
next
day,
while
these
men
were
on
their
way,
just
as
they
were nearing
the
town,
Peter
went
up
on
the
housetop
about
midday
to
pray.
He
became
hungry
and
wanted
something
to
eat;
but
while
it
was
being
prepared,
he
fell
into
a
trance,
and
saw
that
the
heavens
were
open,
and
that
something
like
a
great
sail
was
descending,
let
down
by
its
four
corners towards
the
earth.
In
it
were
all
kinds
of quadrupeds,
reptiles,
and
birds.
Then
he
was
aware
of
a
voice
which
said –
“Stand
up,
Peter,
kill
something,
and
eat.”
“No,
Lord,
I
cannot,”
answered
Peter, “for
I
have
never
eaten
anything
defiled
and
unclean.”
Again
he
was
aware
of
a
voice
which
said –
“What
God
has
pronounced
clean,
do
not
regard
as
defiled.”
This
happened
three
times,
and
then
suddenly
it
was
all
taken
up
into
the
heavens.
While
Peter
was
still
perplexed
as
to
the
meaning
of
the
vision
that
he
had
seen,
the
men
sent
by
Cornelius,
having
enquired
the
way
to
Simon’s
house,
came
up
to
the
gate,
and
called
out
and
asked
if
the
Simon,
who
was
also
known
as
Peter,
was
lodging
there.
Peter
was
still pondering
over
the
vision,
when
the
Spirit
said
to
him, “There
are
two
men
looking
for
you
at
this
moment.
Go
down
at
once
and
do
not
hesitate
to
go
with
them,
for
I
have
sent
them.”
Peter
went
down
to
the
men
and
said, “I
am
the
person
you
are
looking
for.
What
is
your
reason
for
coming?”
The
men
replied, “Our
centurion,
Cornelius,
a pious
man
who reverences
God
and
is
well
spoken
of
by
the
whole
Jewish
nation,
has
been
instructed
by
a
holy
angel
to
send
for
you
to
his
house,
and
to
listen
to
what
you
have
to
say.”
So
Peter
invited
them
in
and
entertained
them.
The
next
day
he
lost
no
time
in
setting
out
with
them,
accompanied
by
some
of
the
Lord’s
followers
from
Joppa;
and
the
day
following
he
entered
Caesarea.
Cornelius
was
expecting
them,
and
had
invited
his
relatives
and
intimate
friends
to
meet
them.
So,
when
Peter
entered
the
city,
Cornelius
met
him,
and,
throwing
himself
at
Peter’s
feet,
bowed
to
the
ground.
Peter,
however,
lifted
him
up,
saying
as
he
did
so, “Stand
up,
I
am
only
human
like
yourself.”
Talking
with
him
as
he
went,
Peter
entered
the
house,
where
he
found
a
large
gathering
of
people,
to
whom
he
said,
“You
are
doubtless
aware
that
it
is
forbidden
for
a
Jew
to
be
intimate
with
a
foreigner,
or
even
to
enter
his
house;
and
yet
God
has
shown
me
that
I
ought
not
to
call
anyone
defiled
or
unclean.
That
was
why
I
came,
when
I
was
sent
for,
without
raising
any objection.
And
now
I
ask
your
reason
for
sending
for
me.”
“Just
three
days
ago
this
very
hour,”
Cornelius
said, “I
was
in
my
house,
saying
the
Afternoon
Prayers,
when
a
man
in
dazzling
clothing
suddenly
stood
before
me.
‘Cornelius,’
he
said, ‘your
prayer
has
been
heard,
and
your charities
have
been
accepted,
by
God.
Therefore
send
to
Joppa,
and
invite
the
Simon,
who
is
also
known
as
Peter,
to
come
here.
He
is
lodging
in
the
house
of
Simon
the
tanner,
near
the
sea.’
Accordingly
I
sent
to
you
at
once,
and
you
have
been
so
good
as
to
come.
And
now
we
are
all
here
in
the
presence
of
God,
to
listen
to
all
that
you
have
been
instructed
by
the
Lord
to
say.”
Then
Peter
began.
“I
see,
beyond
all
doubt,”
he
said, “that
God
does
not
show
partiality,
but
that
in
every
nation
he
who reverences
him
and
does
what
is
right
is
acceptable
to
him.
God
has
sent
his
message
to
the
Israelites
and
told
them,
through
Jesus
Christ,
the
good
news
of
peace –
and
Jesus
is
Lord
of
all!
You
yourselves
know
the
story
which
spread
through
all
Judea,
how,
beginning
form
Galilee,
after
the baptism
which
John
proclaimed –
the
story,
I
mean,
of
Jesus
of
Nazareth,
and
how
God
consecrated
him
his
Christ
by enduing
him
with
the
Holy
Spirit
and
with
power;
and
how
he
went
about
doing
good
and
curing
all
who
were
under
the
power
of
the
devil,
because
God
was
with
him.
We
are
ourselves,
too,
witnesses
to
all
that
he
did
in
Judea
and
in
Jerusalem;
yet
they
put
him
to
death
by
hanging
him
on
a
cross!
This
Jesus
God
raised
on
the
third
day,
and
enabled
him
to
appear,
not
indeed
to
everyone,
but
to
witnesses
chosen
beforehand
by
God –
to
us,
who
ate
and
drank
with
him
after
his resurrection
from
the
dead.
Further,
God
charged
us
to
proclaim
to
the
people,
and
solemnly
affirm,
that
it
is
Jesus
who
has
been
appointed
by
God
judge
of
the
living
and
the
dead.
To
him
it
is
that
all
the
prophets
bear
witness,
when
they
say
that
everyone
who
believes
in
him
receives
through
his
name
forgiveness
of
sins.”
Before
Peter
had
finished
saying
these
words,
the
Holy
Spirit
fell
on
all
who
were
listening
to
the
message.
Those
converts
from Judaism,
who
had
come
with
Peter,
were
amazed
that
the
gift
of
the
Holy
Spirit
had
been
bestowed
even
on
the
Gentiles;
for
they
heard
them
speaking
in
different
languages
and extolling
God.
At
this
Peter
asked,
“Can
anyone
refuse
the
water
for
the baptism
of
these
people,
now
that
they
have
received
the
Holy
Spirit
as
we
did
ourselves?”
And
he
directed
that
they
should
be baptized
in
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ;
after
which
they
asked
him
to
stay
there
a
few
days
longer.
The apostles
and
the
followers
throughout
Judea
heard
that
even
the
Gentiles
had
welcomed
God’s
message.
But,
when
Peter
went
up
to
Jerusalem,
those
who
were
converts
from Judaism
began
to
attack
him,
on
the
ground
that
he
had
visited
people
who
were
not
circumcised,
and
had
taken
meals
with
them.
So
Peter
began
to
relate
the facts
to
them
as
they
had
occurred.
“I
was
in
the
town
of
Joppa,”
he
said, “and
was
praying;
and,
while
in
a
trance,
I
saw
a
vision.
There
was
something
like
a
great
sail
descending,
let
down
by
its
four
corners
out
of
the
heavens;
and
it
came
right
down
to
me.
Looking intently
at
it,
I
began
to
distinguish quadrupeds,
wild
beasts,
reptiles,
and
birds;
and
I
also
heard
a
voice
saying
to
me –
‘Stand
up,
Peter,
kill
something
and
eat.’
‘No,
Lord,
I
cannot,’
I
answered, ‘for
nothing
defiled
or
unclean
has
ever
passed
my
lips.’
Then
a
second
time
there
came
a
voice
from
the
heavens.
‘What
God
has
pronounced clean’,
it
said,
‘you
must
not
call
defiled.’
This
happened
three
times,
and
then
all
was
drawn
up
again
into
the
heavens.
At
that
moment
three
men,
who
had
been
sent
from
Caesarea
to
see
me,
came
up
to
the
house
in
which
we
were.
The
Spirit
told
me
to
go
with
them
without
hesitation.
These
six
companions
also
went
with
me.
And,
when
we
came
into
the
man’s
house,
he
told
us
how
he
had
seen
the
angel
standing
in
his
house,
and
how
the
angel
had
said
to
him – ‘Send
to
Joppa
and
fetch
the
Simon,
who
is
also
known
as
Peter;
for
he
will
tell
you truths,
which
will
prove
the
means
of
salvation
to
you
and
all
your
household.’
I
had
but
just
begun
to
speak,”
continued
Peter, “when
the
Holy
Spirit
fell
on
them,
exactly
as
on
us
at
the
first;
and
I recalled
the
saying
of
the
Master –
‘John baptized
with
water,
but
you
will
be baptized
with
the
Holy
Spirit.’
Since
then,
God
had
given
them
the
very
same
gift
as
he
gave
us
when
we
became
believers
in
Jesus
Christ
the
Master –
who
was
I
that
I
could
thwart
God?”
On
hearing
this
statement,
they
said
no
more,
but
broke
out
into
praise
of
God. “So
even
to
the
Gentiles,”
they
exclaimed, “God
has
granted
the
repentance
which
leads
to
life!”
Now
those
who
had
been
scattered
in
different
directions,
in consequence
of
the
persecution
that
followed
the
death
of
Stephen,
went
as
far
as
Phoenicia,
Cyprus,
and Antioch,
telling
the
message –
but
only
to
Jews.
Some
of
them,
however,
who
were
men
of
Cyprus
and
Cyrene,
on
coming
to Antioch,
addressed
themselves
also
to
the
Jews
of
foreign
birth,
telling
them
the
good
news
about
that
Lord
Jesus.
The
power
of
the
Lord
was
with
them,
so
that
a
great
number
who
had
learned
to
believe
came
over
to
the
Lord’s
side.
The
news
about
them
reached
the
ears
of
the
church
at
Jerusalem,
and
they
sent Barnabas
to Antioch.
On
coming
there
he
saw
to
his
great
joy
these
tokens
of
the
loving
kindness
of
God,
and
encouraged
them
all
to
make
up
their
minds
to
be
faithful
to
the
Lord –
For Barnabas
was
a
good
man
and
full
of
the
Holy
Spirit
and
of
faith –
and
a
large
number
of
people
took
their
stand
on
the
Lord’s
side.
Afterward Barnabas
left
for
Tarsus
to
look
for
Saul;
and,
when
he
had
found
him,
he
brought
him
to Antioch.
And
so
it
came
about
that,
for
a
whole
year,
they
attended
the meetings
of
the
church
there,
and
taught
a
large
number
of
people;
and
it
was
in Antioch
that
the
disciples
were
first
called ‘Christians.’
During
this
time,
some
prophets
came
to Antioch
from
Jerusalem.
One
of
them,
named Agabus,
came
forward
and,
under
the
influence
of
the
Spirit, foretold
a
great
famine
that
was
to
spread
over
all
the
world –
a
famine
which
occurred
in
the
reign
of
Claudius.
So
the
disciples,
without exception,
determined,
in
proportion
to
their
means,
to
send
something
to
help
the
followers
living
in
Judea.
And
this
they
did,
sending
it
to
the church
elders
by Barnabas
and
Saul.
It
was
at
that
time
that
King
Herod
began
to ill-treat
some
of
the
members
of
the
church.
He
had
James,
the
brother
of
John,
beheaded;
and,
when
he
saw
that
the
Jews
were
pleased
with
this,
he
proceeded
to
arrest
Peter
also. (This
was
during
the
Festival
of
the
unleavened
bread.)
After
seizing
Peter,
Herod
put
him
in
prison,
and
entrusted
him
to
the
keeping
of
four
Guards
of
four
soldiers
each,
intending,
after
the
Passover,
to
bring
him
up
before
the
people.
So
Peter
was
kept
in
prison,
but
meanwhile
the
prayers
of
the
church
were
being
earnestly
offered
to
God
on
his
behalf.
Just
when
Herod
was
intending
to
bring
him
before
the
people,
on
that
very
night
Peter
was
asleep
between
two
soldiers, chained
to
them
both,
while
there
were
sentries
in
front
of
the
door,
guarding
the
prison.
Suddenly
an
angel
of
the
Lord
stood
by
him,
and
a
light
shone
in
the
cell.
The
angel
struck
Peter
on
the
side,
and
roused
him
with
the
words, “Get
up
quickly.”
The
chains
dropped
from
his
wrists,
and
then
the
angel
said, “Put
on
your
belt
and
sandals.”
When
Peter
had
done
so,
the
angel
added, “Throw
your
cloak
around
you
and
follow
me.”
Peter
followed
him
out,
not
knowing
that
what
was
happening
under
the angel’s
guidance
was real,
but
thinking
that
he
was
seeing
a
vision.
Passing
the
first
Guard,
and
then
the
second,
they
came
to
the
iron
gate
leading
into
the
city,
which
opened
to
them
of
itself;
and,
when
they
had
passed
through
that,
and
had
walked
along
one
street,
all
at
once
the
angel
left
him.
Then
Peter
came
to
himself
and
said, “Now
I
know
beyond
all
doubt
that
the
Lord
has
sent
his
angel,
and
has
rescued
me
from
Herod’s
hands
and
from
all
that
the
Jewish
people
have
been
expecting.”
As
soon
as
he
realized
what
had
happened,
he
went
to
the
house
of
Mary,
the
mother
of
John
who
was
also
known
as
Mark,
where
a
number
of
people
were
gathered
together,
praying.
On
his
knocking
at
the
door
in
the
gate,
a
maidservant,
named
Rhoda,
came
to
answer
it.
She
recognized
Peter’s
voice,
but
in
her
joy
left
the
gate unopened,
and
ran
in,
and
told
them
that
Peter
was
standing
outside.
“You
are
mad!”
they
exclaimed.
But,
when
she
persisted
that
it
was
so,
they
said, “It
must
be
his
spirit!”
Meanwhile
Peter
went
on
knocking,
and,
when
they
opened
the
gate
and
saw
him,
they
were
amazed.
Peter
signed
to
them
with
his
hand
to
be
silent,
and
then
told
them
how
the
Lord
had
brought
him
out
of
the
prison,
adding, “Tell
James
and
the
others
all
this.”
Then
he
left
the
house,
and
went
away
to
another
place.
In
the
morning
there
was
a
great
stir
among
the
soldiers –
what
could
have
become
of
Peter!
And,
when
Herod
had
made
further
search
for
him
and
failed
to
find
him,
he
closely
questioned
the
Guard,
and
ordered
them
away
to
execution.
Then
he
went
down
from
Judea
to
stay
at
Caesarea.
It
happened
that
Herod
was
deeply
offended
with
the
people
of
Tyre
and
Sidon,
but
they
went
in
a
body
to
him,
and,
having
succeeded
in winning
over Blastus,
the
Chamberlain,
they
begged
Herod
for
a
reconciliation,
because
their
country
was
dependent
on
the
king’s
for
its
food
supply.
On
an
appointed
day
Herod,
wearing
his
state
robes,
seated
himself
on
his
throne,
and
delivered
an
oration.
The
people
kept
shouting, “It
is
the
voice
of
God,
and
not
of
a
person!”
Instantly
an
angel
of
the
Lord
struck
him,
because
he
did
not
give
God
the
glory;
and
he
was
attacked
with
worms,
and
died.
Meanwhile
the
Lord’s
message
kept
extending,
and
spreading
far
and
wide.
When Barnabas
and
Saul
had
carried
out
their
mission,
they
returned
to
Jerusalem,
and
took
with
them
John,
who
was
also
known
as
Mark.
The Church and the Gentiles
Acts of the Apostle Paul
Among
the
members
of
the
church
at Antioch
there
were
several
prophets
and
teachers – Barnabas,
Simeon
who
was
known
by
the
name
of ‘Black’,
Lucius
of
Cyrene,
Manaen, foster-brother
of
Prince
Herod,
and
Saul.
While
they
were
engaged
in
the
worship
of
the
Lord
and
were
fasting,
the
Holy
Spirit
said, “Set
apart
for
me Barnabas
and
Saul,
for
the
work
to
which
I
have
called
them.”
Accordingly,
after
fasting
and
prayer,
they
placed
their
hands
on
them
and
dismissed
them.
Barnabas
and
Saul,
sent
on
this
mission,
as
they
were,
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
went
down
to
Seleucia,
and
from
there
sailed
to
Cyprus.
On
reaching
Salamis,
they
began
to
tell
the
message
of
God
in
the
Jewish
synagogues;
and
they
had
John
with
them
as
an
assistant.
After
passing
through
the
whole
island,
they
reached
Paphos,
where
they
found
an
astrologer
who
pretended
to
be
a
prophet –
a
Jew
by
birth,
whose
name
was Barjoshua.
He
was
at
the
court
of
the
Governor,
Sergius
Paulus,
a
man
of
intelligence,
who
sent
for Barnabas
and
Saul
and
asked
to
be
told
God’s
message.
But
Elymas,
the
astrologer (for
that
is
the
meaning
of
the
word),
opposed
them,
eager
to divert
the
Governor’s
attention
from
the
faith.
However,
Saul (who
is
the
same
as
Paul),
full
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
fixed
his
eyes
on
him
and
said,
“You incarnation
of
deceit
and
all
fraud!
You
son
of
the
devil!
You
opponent
of
all
that
is
good!
Will
you
never
cease
to divert
the
straight
paths
of
the
Lord?
Listen!
The
hand
of
the
Lord
is
on
you
even
now,
and
you
will
be
blind
for
a
time
and
unable
to
see
the
sun.”
Immediately
a
mist
and
darkness
fell
on
him,
and
he
went feeling
about
for
someone
to
guide
him.
When
the
Governor
saw
what
had
happened,
he
became
a believer
in
Christ,
being
greatly
impressed
by
the
teaching
about
the
Lord.
After
this,
Paul
and
his
companions
set
sail
from
Paphos
and
went
to
Perga
in
Pamphylia,
where
John
left
them
and
returned
to
Jerusalem.
The
others
went
on
from
Perga
and
arrived
at Antioch
in
Pisidia.
There
they
went
into
the
synagogue
on
the
Sabbath
and
took
their seats.
After
the
reading
of
the
Law
and
the
prophets,
the synagogue
leader
sent
them
this
message – “Friends,
if
you
have
any
helpful
words
to
address
to
the
people,
now
is
the
time
to
speak.”
So
Paul
rose
and,
motioning
with
his
hand,
said:
“People
of
Israel
and
all
here
who
worship
God,
hear
what
I
have
to
say.
The
God
of
this
people
Israel
chose
our
ancestors,
and
during
their
stay
in
Egypt
increased
the
prosperity
of
the
people,
and
then
with
uplifted
arm
brought
them
out
from
that
land.
For
about
forty
years
he
bore
with
them
in
the
desert;
then,
after
destroying
seven
heathen
nations
in
Canaan,
he
allotted
their
land
to
this
people –
For
about
four
hundred
and
fifty
years.
In
later
times
he
gave
them
Judges,
of
whom
the
prophet
Samuel
was
the
last.
And,
when
they
demanded
a
king,
God
gave
them
Saul
the
son
of
Kish,
a
man
of
the
tribe
of
Benjamin,
who
reigned
for
forty
years.
After
removing
him,
he
raised
David
to
the
throne,
and
bore
this
testimony
to
him – ‘In
David,
the
son
of
Jesse,
I
have
found
a
man
after
my
own
heart,
who
will
carry
out
all
my
purposes.’
It
was
from
this
man’s
descendants
that
God,
in
accordance
with
his
promise,
gave
Israel
a
Savior –
Jesus;
John
having
first
proclaimed,
before
the
appearance
of Jesus,
a baptism
on
repentance
for
all
the
people
of
Israel.
As
John
was
drawing towards
the
end
of
his career,
he
said ‘What
do
you
suppose
that
I
am?
I
am
not
the
Christ.
But
there
is “one
coming”
after
me,
whose
sandal
I
am
not
worthy
to
untie.’
Brothers
and
sisters,
descendants
of
Abraham,
and
all
those
among
you
who
worship
God,
it
was
to
us
that
the
message
of
this
salvation
was
sent.
The
people
of
Jerusalem
and
their
leaders,
failing
to
recognize
Jesus,
and
not
understanding
the
utterances
of
the
prophets
that
are
read
every
Sabbath,
fulfilled
them
by
condemning
him.
They
found
no
ground
at
all
for
putting
him
to
death,
and
yet
demanded
his
execution
from
Pilate;
and,
after
carrying
out
everything
written
about
him,
they
took
Jesus
down
from
the
cross,
and
laid
him
in
a
tomb.
But
God
raised
him
from
the
dead;
and
he
appeared
for
many
days
to
those
who
had
gone
up
with
him
from
Galilee
to
Jerusalem,
and
who
are
now
witnesses
for
him
to
the
people.
We
also
have
good
news
to
tell
you,
about
the
promise
made
to
our
ancestors –
That
our
children
have
had
this
promise
completely
fulfilled
to
them
by
God,
by
his
raising
Jesus.
That
is
just
what
is
said
in
the
second
Psalm –
‘You
are
my
Son;
this
day
I
have
become
your
Father.’
As
to
his
raising
Jesus
from
the
dead,
never
again
to
return
to
corruption,
this
is
what
is
said –
‘I
will
give
to
you
the
sacred
promises
made
to
David;’
And,
therefore,
in
another
Psalm
it
is
said –
‘You
will
not
give
up
the
Holy
One
to
undergo
corruption.’
David,
after
obediently
doing
God’s
will
in
his
own
time,
fell
asleep
and
was
laid
by
the
side
of
his
ancestors,
and
did
undergo
corruption;
but
Jesus,
whom
God
raised
from
the
dead,
did
not
undergo
corruption.
I
would,
therefore,
like
you
to
know,
friends,
that
through
Jesus
forgiveness
of
sins
is
being
proclaimed
to
you,
and
that,
in
union
with
him,
everyone
who
believes
in
him
is absolved
from
every
sin
from
which
under
the
Law
of
Moses
you
could
not
be absolved.
Beware,
therefore,
that
what
is
said
in
the
prophets
does
not
come
true
of
you –
‘Look,
you
despisers,
and
wonder,
and
perish;
for
I
am
doing
a
deed
in
your
days –
a
deed
which,
though
told
you
in
full,
you
will
never believe’.”
As
Paul
and Barnabas
were
leaving
the synagogue,
the
people
begged
for
a repetition
of
this
teaching
on
the
next
Sabbath.
After
the
congregation
had
dispersed,
many
of
the
Jews,
and
of
the
converts
who
joined
in
their
worship,
followed
Paul
and Barnabas,
who
talked
with
them
and
urged
them
to
continue
to
rely
on
the
loving
kindness
of
God.
On
the
following
Sabbath,
almost
all
the
city
gathered
to
hear
God’s
message.
But
the
sight
of
the
crowds
of
people
filled
the
minds
of
the
Jews
with
jealousy,
and
they
kept contradicting
Paul’s
statements
in
violent
language.
Then
Paul
and Barnabas
spoke
out fearlessly,
and
said:
“It
was
necessary
that
the
message
of
God
should
be
told
to
you
first;
but,
since
you
reject
it
and
reckon
yourselves
not
worthy
of
the
eternal
life –
we
turn
to
the
Gentiles!
For
this
is
the
Lord’s
command
to
us –
‘I
have
destined
you
for
a
light
to
the
Gentiles,
a
means
of
salvation
to
the
ends
of
the earth’.”
On
hearing
this,
the
Gentiles
were
glad
and
extolled
God’s
message;
and
all
those
who
had
been
enrolled
for
eternal
life
became
believers
in
Christ;
and
the
Lord’s
message
was
carried
throughout
that
district.
But
the
Jews
incited
the
women
of
high social
standing
who
worshiped
with
them,
and
the
leading
men
of
the
town,
and
started
a
persecution
against
Paul
and Barnabas,
and
drove
them
out
of
their
region.
They,
however,
shook
the
dust
off
their
feet
in
protest,
and
went
to Iconium,
leaving
the
disciples
full
of
joy
and
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
The
same
thing
occurred
in
Iconium,
where
Paul
and Barnabas
went
into
the
Jewish
synagogue,
and
spoke
in
such
a
way
that
a
great
number
of
both
Jews
and
Greeks
believed
in Christ.
But
the
Jews
who
refused
to
believe
stirred
up
the
Gentiles,
and
poisoned
their
minds
against
the
Lord’s
followers.
Therefore
Paul
and Barnabas
spent
a
long
time
there,
and
spoke
out fearlessly, relying
on
the
Lord,
who
confirmed
the
message
of
his
love
by permitting
signs
and
wonders
to
take
place
at
their
hands.
But
the townspeople
were
divided,
some siding
with
the
Jews,
some
with
the apostles;
and,
when
there
was
an
attempt
on
the
part
of
both
Gentiles
and
Jews,
with
their
leaders,
to
resort
to
violence
and
to
stone
them,
the apostles
heard
of
it,
and
took
refuge
in
Lystra
and
Derbe,
towns
in
Lycaonia,
and
in
the
district
around,
and
there
they
continued
to
tell
the
good
news.
In
the
streets
of
Lystra
there
used
to
sit
a
man
who
had
no
power
in
his
feet;
he
had
been
lame
from
his
birth,
and
had
never
walked.
This
man
was
listening
to
Paul
speaking,
when
Paul,
looking intently
at
him,
and
seeing
that
he
had
the
faith
to
be
healed,
said
loudly, “Stand
upright
on
your
feet.”
The
man
leaped
up,
and
began
walking
about,
and
the
crowd,
seeing
what
Paul
had
done,
called
out
in
the
Lycaonian
language, “The
Gods
have
come
down
to
us
in
human
form.”
So
they
called Barnabas ‘Zeus,’
and
Paul ‘Hermes,’
because
he
took
the
lead
in
speaking;
and
the
priest
of Zeus-beyond-the-Walls,
accompanied
by
the
crowd,
brought
bullocks
and
garlands
to
the
gates,
with
the
intention
of
offering
sacrifices.
But,
when
the apostles Barnabas
and
Paul
heard
of
it,
they
tore
their
clothes
and
rushed
out
into
the
crowd.
“Friends,
why
are
you
doing
this?”
they
shouted.
“We
are
only
people
like
yourselves,
and
we
have
come
with
the
good
news
that
you
should
turn
away
from
these follies
to
a
living
God,
who
made
the
heavens,
the
earth,
the
sea,
and
everything
that
is
in
them.
In bygone
times
he
permitted
all
the
nations
to
go
their
own
ways.
Yet
he
has
not
failed
to
give
you,
in
the
good
he
does,
some
revelation
of
himself –
sending
you
from
heaven
rain
and
fruitful
seasons,
and gladdening
your
hearts
with
plenty
and
good
cheer.”
Even
with
this
appeal
they
could
hardly
restrain
the
people
from
offering
sacrifice
to
them.
Presently,
however,
there
came
some
Jews
from Antioch,
and
Iconium
who,
after
they
had
won
over
the
people,
stoned
Paul,
and
dragged
him
out
of
the
town,
thinking
him
to
be
dead.
But,
when
the
disciples
had
gathered
around
him,
he
got
up
and
went
back
into
the
town;
the
next
day
he
went
with Barnabas
to
Derbe.
After
telling
the
good
news
throughout
that
town,
and
making
a
number
of
converts,
they
returned
to
Lystra,
Iconium,
and Antioch,
reassuring
the
minds
of
the
disciples,
urging
them
to
remain
true
to
the
faith,
and
showing
that
it
is
only
through
many
troubles
that
we
can
enter
the
kingdom
of
God.
They
also
appointed
elders
for
them
in
every
church,
and,
after
prayer
and
fasting,
commended
them
to
the
Lord
in
whom
they
had
learned
to
believe.
Paul
and Barnabas
then
went
through
Pisidia,
and
came
into
Pamphylia,
and,
after
telling
the
message
at
Perga,
went
down
to Attaleia.
From
there
they
sailed
to Antioch –
the
place
where
they
had
been
committed
to
the
gracious
care
of
God
for
the
work
which
they
had
now
finished.
After
their
arrival,
they
gathered
the
church
together,
and
gave
an
account
of
all
that
God
had
helped
them
to
do,
and
especially
how
he
had
opened
to
the
Gentiles
the
door
of
faith;
and
at Antioch
they
stayed
with
the
disciples
for
a
considerable
time.
But
certain
persons
came
down
from
Judea,
and
began
to
teach
the
Lord’s
followers
that,
unless
they
were
circumcised,
in
accordance
with
the
custom
required
by
Moses,
they
could
not
be
saved.
This
gave
rise
to
a
serious
dispute,
and
much
discussion,
between
Paul
and Barnabas
and
these
people,
and
it
was
therefore
settled
that
Paul
and Barnabas
and
others
of
their
number
should
go
up
to
Jerusalem,
to
consult
the apostles
and church
elders
about
the
matter
under
discussion.
The
church,
therefore,
sent
them
on
their
journey,
and
they
made
their
way
through
Phoenicia
and
Samaria,
telling
the
story
of
the
conversion
of
the
Gentiles,
to
the
great
joy
of
all
the
followers.
On
their
arrival
at
Jerusalem,
they
were
welcomed
by
the
church,
as
well
as
by
the apostles
and
the
elders,
and
gave
an
account
of
all
that
God
had
helped
them
to
do.
Some
of
the
Pharisees’
party,
however,
who
had
become
believers
in Christ,
came
forward
and
declared
that
they
were
bound
to
circumcise
converts
and
to
direct
them
to
observe
the
Law
of
Moses.
The apostles
and
the church
elders
held
a
meeting
to
consider
this
question.
After
much
discussion,
Peter
rose
and
said:
“You,
my
friends,
know
well
that
long
ago
God singled
me
out –
that
through
my
lips
the
Gentiles
should
hear
the
message
of
the
good
news,
and
become
believers
in Christ.
Now
God,
who
reads
all
hearts,
declared
his
acceptance
of
the
Gentiles,
by
giving
them
the
Holy
Spirit,
just
as
he
did
to
us.
He
made
no
distinction
between
them
and
us,
when
he
purified
their
hearts
by
their
faith.
Why,
then,
do
you
now
provoke
God,
by
putting
on
the
necks
of
these
disciples
a
yoke
which
neither
our
ancestors
nor
we
were
able
to
bear?
No,
it
is
through
the
loving
kindness
of
the
Lord
Jesus
that
we,
just
as
they
do,
believe
that
we
have
been
saved.”
Every
voice
in
the
assembly
was
hushed,
as
they
listened
to Barnabas
and
Paul,
while
they
gave
an
account
of
all
the
signs
and
wonders
which
God
had
shown
among
the
Gentiles
through
them.
After
they
had
finished
speaking,
James
addressed
the
Council.
“Friends,”
he
began, “hear
what
I
have
to
say.
Simon
has
described
the
manner
in
which
God
first
visited
the
Gentiles,
in
order
to
take
from
among
them
a
people
to
bear
his
name.
And
that
is
in harmony
with
the
words
of
the
prophets,
where
they
say –
‘After
this
I
will
return;
and
I
will
rebuild
the
house
of
David
which
has
fallen –
its
ruins
I
will
rebuild,
and
will
set
it
up
once
more;
that
so
the
rest
of
mankind
may
earnestly
seek
the
Lord –
even
all
the
Gentiles
on
whom
my
name
has
been
bestowed,
says
the
Lord,
as
he
does
these
things,
known
from
long
ago.’
In
my
judgment,
therefore,
we
should
not
add
to
the difficulties
of
those
Gentiles
who
are
turning
to
God,
but
we
should
write
to
them
to
abstain
from
food
that
has
been
polluted
by
being
sacrificed
to
idols,
from
impurity,
from
eating
the
flesh
of
strangled
animals,
and
from
blood.
For
in
every
town,
for
generations
past,
there
have
been
those
who
preach
Moses,
read
as
he
is
in
the
synagogues
every
Sabbath.”
It
was
then
decided
by
the apostles
and
the
elders,
with
the
assent
of
the
whole
church,
to
choose
some
of
their
number,
and
send
them
to Antioch
with
Paul
and Barnabas.
Those
chosen
were
Judas (called Barsabas)
and
Silas,
who
were
leaders
among
the
community.
They
were
bearers
of
the
following
letter –
‘The apostles,
and
the
followers
who
are
the church
elders,
send
their
greetings
to
the
followers
of
the
Lord
of
Gentile
birth
in Antioch,
Syria,
and
Cilicia.
As
we
had
heard
that
some
of
our
number
had
upset
you
by
their assertions,
and unsettled
your
minds –
without
instructions
from
us –
We
met
and
decided
to
choose
certain
men
and
send
them
to
you
with
our
dear
friends Barnabas
and
Paul,
who
have
risked
their
lives
for
the
name
of
our
Lord,
Jesus
Christ.
We
are
accordingly
sending
Judas
and
Silas,
and
they
will
tell
you
by
word
of
mouth
what
we
are
now
writing.
We
have,
therefore,
decided,
under
the
guidance
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
to
lay
no
further
burden
on
you
beyond
these
necessary
conditions –
That
you
abstain
from
food
offered
to
idols,
from
blood,
from
eating
the
flesh
of
strangled
animals,
and
from
impurity.
If
you
guard
yourselves
against
such
things,
it
will
be
well
with
you.
Farewell.’
So
the
bearers
of
this
letter
were
sent
on
their
way,
and
went
down
to Antioch.
There
they
called
a
meeting
of
all
the
followers,
and
delivered
the
letter,
the
reading
of
which
caused
great
rejoicing
by
its encouraging contents.
Judas
and
Silas,
who
were
themselves
prophets,
further
encouraged
the
them
by
many
an
address,
and
strengthened
their
faith.
After
some
stay,
they
were
dismissed
with
kind farewells
from
the
followers,
and
returned
to
those
who
had
sent
them.
15.34
Some later manuscripts add: But Silas decided to stay.
Paul
and Barnabas,
however,
remained
in Antioch,
where
they
taught
and,
with
the
help
of
many
others,
told
the
good
news
of
the
Lord’s
message.
Some
time
after
this,
Paul
said
to Barnabas, “Let
us
go
back
and
visit
the
Lord’s
followers
in
every
town
in
which
we
have
told
the
Lord’s
message,
and
see
how
they
are
prospering.”
Barnabas
wished
to
take
with
them
John,
whose
other
name
was
Mark;
but
Paul
felt
that
they
ought
not
to
take
with
them
the
man
who
had
deserted
them
in
Pamphylia,
and
had
not
gone
on
with
them
to
their
work.
This
caused
such
unpleasant
feeling
between
them
that
they
parted
ways, Barnabas
taking
Mark
and sailing
for
Cyprus,
while
Paul
chose
Silas
for
his
companion
and,
after
he
had
been
committed
by
the
followers
to
the
gracious
care
of
the
Lord,
started
on
his
journey
and
went
through
Syria
and
Cilicia,
strengthening
the
churches
in
the
faith.
Among
other
places
Paul
went
to
Derbe
and
Lystra.
At
the
latter
place
they
found
a
disciple,
named
Timothy,
whose
mother
was
a
Jewish
woman
who
was
a
believer,
while
his
father
was
a
Greek,
and
who
was
well
spoken
of
by
the
followers
of
the
Lord
in
Lystra
and
Iconium.
Wishing
to
take
this
man
with
him
on
his
journey,
Paul
caused
him
to
be
circumcised
out
of
consideration
for
the
Jews
in
that
region,
for
they
all
knew
that
his
father
had
been
a
Greek.
As
they
traveled
from
town
to
town,
they
gave
the
followers
the
decisions
which
had
been
reached
by
the apostles
and church
elders
at
Jerusalem,
for
them
to
observe.
So
the
churches
grew
stronger
in
the
faith,
and
increased
in
numbers
from
day
to
day.
They
next
went
through
the
Phrygian
district
of
Galatia,
but
were
restrained
by
the
Holy
Spirit
from
delivering
the
message
in Roman
Asia.
When
they
reached
the
borders
of
Mysia,
they
attempted
to
go
into Bithynia,
but
the
Spirit
of
Jesus
did
not
permit
them.
Passing
through
Mysia,
they
went
down
to
Troas;
and
there
one
night
Paul
saw
a
vision.
A
Macedonian
was
standing
and
appealing
to
him – ‘Come
over
to
Macedonia
and
help
us.’
So,
immediately
after
Paul
had
seen
the
vision,
we
looked
for
an opportunity
to
cross
over
to
Macedonia,
concluding
that
God
had
summoned
us
to
tell
the
good
news
to
the
people
there.
Accordingly
we
set
sail
from
Troas,
and
ran
before
the
wind
to
Samothrace,
reaching
Neapolis
the
next
day.
From
there
we
made
our
way
to
Philippi,
which
is
the
principal
city
of
that
part
of
Macedonia,
and
also
a Roman
Settlement.
In
that
city
we
spent
several
days.
On
the
Sabbath
we
went
outside
the
gate
to
the
riverside,
where
we
supposed
there
would
be
a
place
of
prayer;
and
we
sat
down
and
talked
to
the
women
who
were
gathered
there.
Among
them
was
a
woman,
named
Lydia, belonging
to
Thyatira,
a
dealer
in
purple
cloth,
who
was
accustomed
to
join
in
the
worship
of
God.
The
Lord
touched
this
woman’s
heart,
so
that
she
gave
attention
to
the
message
delivered
by
Paul,
and,
when
she
and
her
household
had
been baptized,
she
urged
us
to
become
her
guests.
“Since
you
have
shown
your conviction,”
she
said, “that
I
really
am
a
believer
in
the
Lord,
come
and
stay
in
my
house.”
And
she
insisted
on
our
doing
so.
One
day,
as
we
were
on
our
way
to
the
place
of
prayer,
we
were
met
by
a
girl
possessed
by
a
divining
spirit,
who
made
large
profits
for
her
masters
by
fortune-telling.
This
girl
followed
Paul
and
the
rest
of
us,
calling, “These
men
are
servants
of
the
most
high
God,
and
they
are
bringing
you
news
of
a
way
to
salvation.”
She
had
been
doing
this
for
several
days,
when
Paul,
much
vexed,
turned
and
said
to
the
spirit
within
her, “In
the
name
of
Jesus
Christ
I
command
you
to
leave
her.”
That
very
moment
the
spirit
left
her.
When
her
masters
saw
that
there
was
no
hope
of
further
profit
from
her,
they
seized
Paul
and
Silas,
dragged
them
into
the
public
square
to
the
authorities,
and
took
them
before
the
Magistrates.
“These
men
are
causing
a
great
disturbance
in
our
town,”
they
complained;
“They
are
Jews,
and
they
are
teaching
customs
which
it
is
not
right
for
us,
as
Romans,
to sanction
or adopt.”
The
mob
rose
as
one
person
against
them,
and
the
Magistrates
stripped
them
of
their
clothing
and
ordered
them
to
be
beaten
with
rods.
After
beating
them
severely,
the
Magistrates
put
them
in
prison,
with
orders
to
the
jailer
to
keep
them
in
safe
custody.
On
receiving
so
strict
an
order,
the
Governor
put
them
into
the
inner
cell,
and
secured
their
feet
in
the
stocks.
About
midnight,
while
Paul
and
Silas
were
praying
and
singing
hymns
to
God,
and
while
the
prisoners
were
listening
to
them,
suddenly
there
was
an
earthquake
of
such
violence
that
the
jail
was
shaken
to
its
foundations;
all
the
doors
flew
open,
and
all
the prisoners’
chains
were loosened.
Roused
from
his
sleep,
and
seeing
the
prison
doors
open,
the
Governor
drew
his
sword
intending
to
kill
himself,
in
the
belief
that
the
prisoners
had
escaped.
But
Paul
called
our
loudly, “Do
not
harm
yourself;
we
are
all
here.”
Calling
for
a
light,
the
Governor
rushed
in,
and flung
himself
trembling
at
the
feet
of
Paul
and
Silas.
Then
he
led
them
out,
and
said, “What
must
I
do
to
be
saved?”
“Believe
in
Jesus,
our
Lord,”
they
replied, “and
you
will
be
saved,
you
and
your
household
too.”
Then
they
spoke
to
him
of
God’s
message,
and
to
all
his
household
as
well.
And
that
very
hour
of
the
night
he
took
them
and
washed
their
wounds,
and
he
himself
and
everyone belonging
to
him
were baptized
without
delay.
Afterward
he
took
them
up
to
his
house
and
set
before
them
something
to
eat,
rejoicing
that
he,
with
all
his
household,
had
come
to
believe
in
God.
In
the
morning
the
Magistrates
sent
the
guards
with
an
order
for
the
men
to
be
discharged.
The
jailer
told
Paul
of
his
instructions. “The
Magistrates
have
sent
an
order
for
your
discharge,”
he
said, “so
you
had
better
leave
the
place
at
once
and
go
quietly
away.”
But
Paul’s
answer
to
them
was, “They
have
flogged
us
in
public
without
trial,
though
we
are
Roman
citizens,
and
they
have
put
us
in
prison,
and
now
they
are
for
sending
us
out
secretly!
No,
indeed!
Let
them
come
and
take
us
out
themselves.”
The
guards
reported
his
words
to
the
Magistrates,
who,
on
hearing
that
Paul
and Silas
were
Roman
citizens,
were
alarmed,
and
went
to
the
prison,
and
did
their
best
to
conciliate
them.
Then
they
took
them
out,
and
begged
them
to
leave
the
city.
When
Paul
and Silas
left
the
prison,
they
went
to
Lydia’s
house,
and,
after
they
had
seen
the
Lord’s
followers,
and
encouraged
them,
they
left
the
place.
After
passing
through Amphipolis
and Apollonia,
Paul
and Silas
came
to
Thessalonica.
Here
the
Jews
had
a
synagogue;
and,
following
his
usual
custom,
Paul
joined
them,
and
for
three
Sabbaths
addressed
them,
drawing
his
arguments
from
the
scriptures.
He
laid
before
them
and
explained
that
the
Christ
must
undergo
suffering
and
rise
from
the
dead;
and “It
is
this
man,”
he
declared, “who
is
the
Christ –
this
Jesus
about
whom
I
am
telling
you.”
Some
of
the
people
were
convinced,
and
threw
in
their
lot
with
Paul
and
Silas,
as
did
also
a
large
body
of
Greeks
who
were
accustomed
to
join
in
the
Jewish
services,
and
a
great
number
of
leading
women.
But
the
Jewish
leaders,
becoming
jealous,
engaged
some
worthless
fellows
from
the
streets,
and,
getting
a
mob
together,
kept
the
city
in
an
uproar.
They
attacked
Jason’s
house,
with
the
intention
of
bringing
Paul
and Silas
before
the Popular
Assembly;
and,
not
finding
them
there,
they
proceeded
to
drag
Jason
and
some
of
the
Lord’s
followers
before
the
city
magistrates,
shouting
out,
“These
men,
who
have
turned
the
world
upside
down,
have
now
come
here,
and
have
been harbored
by
Jason!
They
are
all defying
the
decrees
of
the Emperor.
They
say
that
someone
else
is
king –
a
man
called
Jesus!”
On
hearing
this,
the
people
and
the
city
magistrates
were
much
concerned;
and,
before
letting
them
go,
they
took
bail
from
Jason
and
the
others.
That
very
night
the
followers
sent
Paul
and
Silas
off
to Beroea;
and
on
reaching
that
place,
they
went
to
the
Jewish
synagogue.
These
Jews
of Beroea
were
better
disposed
than
those
in
Thessalonica,
for
they
welcomed
the
message
with
great
readiness,
and
daily
examined
the
scriptures
to
see
if
what
was
said
was
true.
As
a consequence,
many
of
them
became
believers
in Christ,
besides
a
considerable
number
of
Greek
women
of
position,
and
of
men
also.
But,
when
the
Jewish
leaders
in
Thessalonica
found
out
that
God’s
message
had
been
delivered
by
Paul
at Beroea,
they
came
there
too, exciting
and
disturbing
the
minds
of
the
people.
The
followers
immediately
arranged
for
Paul
to
go
away
to
the
coast,
but
both
Silas
and
Timothy
stayed
behind
in Beroea.
The
friends
who
escorted
Paul
took
him
as
far
as Athens,
and,
after
receiving
a
message
for
Silas
and
Timothy
to
join
him
as
quickly
as possible,
they
started
on
their
return.
While
Paul
was
waiting
for
them
at Athens,
his
heart
was
stirred
at
seeing
the
whole
city
full
of
idols.
So
he
argued
in
the
synagogue
with
the
Jews
and
with
those
who
joined
in
their
worship,
as
well
as
daily
in
the
public
Square
with
those
who
happened
to
be
there.
Among
others,
some
Epicurean
and
Stoic
Philosophers
joined
issue
with
him.
Some
asked “What
is
this prater
wanting
to
make
out?”,
while
others
said “He
seems
to
be
a
preacher
of
foreign
Deities.” (This
was
because
he
was
telling
the
good
news
about
Jesus
and
the resurrection).
So
they
laid
hold
of
him
and
took
him
to
the
Court
of Areopagus.
“May
we
hear,”
they
asked, “what
new
teaching
this
is
which
you
are
giving?
For
you
are
bringing
some
strange
things
to
our
notice,
and
we
should
like
to
know
what
they
mean.”
(All Athenians
and
the
foreigners
staying
in
the
city
found
no
time
for
anything
else
but
telling,
or
listening
to,
the
last
new
thing.)
So
Paul
took
his
stand
in
the
middle
of
the
Court,
and
said – “People
of Athens,
on
every
hand
I
see
signs
of
your
being
very
devout.
For
as
I
was
going
about,
looking
at
your
sacred
shrines,
I
came
upon
an
altar
with
this
inscription – ‘To
an
Unknown
God.’
What,
therefore,
you
worship
in
ignorance,
that
I
am
now
proclaiming
to
you.
The
God
who
made
the
world
and
all
things
that
are
in
it –
he,
Lord
as
he
is
of
heaven
and
earth,
does
not
live
in
temples
made
by
hands,
neither
do
human
hands
minister
to
his
wants,
as
though
he
needed
anything,
since
he
himself
gives,
to
all,
life,
and
breath,
and
all
things.
He
made
all
races
of
the
earth’s
surface – fixing
a
time
for
their
rise
and
fall,
and
the
limits
of
their
settlements –
That
they
might
search
for
God,
if
by
any
means
they
might
feel
their
way
to
him
and
find
him.
And
yet
he
is
not
really
far
from
any
one
of
us;
for
in
him
we
live
and
move
and
are.
To
use
the
words
of
some
of
your
own
poets –
‘His
offspring,
too,
are
we.’
Therefore,
as
the
offspring
of
God,
we
must
not
think
that
the
Deity
has
any
resemblance
to
anything
made
of
gold,
or
silver,
or
stone –
a
work
of
human
art
and
imagination.
True,
God
looked
with indulgence
on
the
days
of
people’s
ignorance,
but
now
he
is announcing
to
everyone
everywhere
the
need
for
repentance,
because
he
has
fixed
a
day
on
which
he
intends
to
judge
the
world
with
justice,
by
a
man
whom
he
has
appointed –
and
of
this
he
has
given
all
people
a
pledge
by
raising
this
man
from
the
dead.”
On
hearing
of
a resurrection
of
the
dead,
some
began jeering,
but
others
said
that
they
wanted
to
hear
what
he
had
to
say
about
that
another
time.
And
so
Paul
left
the
Court.
There
were,
however,
some
people
who
joined
him,
and
became
believers
in Christ.
Among
them
were
Dionysius,
a
member
of
the
Court
of Areopagus,
a
woman
named
Damaris,
and
several
others.
On
leaving Athens,
Paul
next
went
to
Corinth.
There
he
met
a
Jew
of
the
name
of Aquila,
from
Pontus,
who,
with
his
wife
Priscilla,
had
lately
come
from
Italy,
in consequence
of
the
order
which
had
been
issued
by
the Emperor
Claudius
for
all
Jews
to
leave
Rome.
Paul
paid
them
a
visit,
and,
since
their
trade
was
the
same
as
his,
he
stayed
and
worked
with
them –
their
trade
was tent-making.
Every
Sabbath
Paul
gave addresses
in
the
synagogue,
trying
to convince
both
Jews
and
Greeks.
But,
when
Silas
and
Timothy
had
come
down
from
Macedonia,
Paul
devoted
himself
entirely
to
delivering
the
message,
earnestly maintaining
before
the
Jews
that
Jesus
was
the
Christ.
However,
as
they
set
themselves
against
him
and
became abusive,
Paul
shook
his
clothes
in
protest
and
said
to
them, “Your
blood
be
on
your
own
heads.
My
conscience
is
clear.
From
this
time
forward
I
will
go
to
the
Gentiles.”
So
he
left,
and
went
to
the
house
of
a
certain
Titius
Justus,
who
had
been
accustomed
to
join
in
the
worship
of
God,
and
whose
house
was
next
door
to
the
synagogue.
Crispus,
the synagogue
leader,
came
to
believe
in
the
Lord,
and
so
did
all
his
household;
and
many
of
the
Corinthians,
as
they
listened
to
Paul,
became
believers
in
Christ
and
were baptized.
One
night
the
Lord
said
to
Paul,
in
a
vision,
“Have
no
fear,
but
continue
to
speak,
and
refuse
to
be
silenced;
for
I
am
with
you,
and
no
one
will
do
you
harm,
for
I
have
many
people
in
this
city.”
So
he
settled
there
for
a
year
and
a
half,
and
taught
God’s
message
among
the
people.
While
Gallio
was
governor
of
Greece,
some
of
the
Jewish
leaders
made
a combined
attack
on
Paul,
and
brought
him
before
the
Governor’s Bench,
charging
him
with persuading
people
to
worship
God
in
a
way
forbidden
by
the
Law.
Just
as
Paul
was
on
the
point
of
speaking,
Gallio
said
to
them, “If
this
were
a
case
of misdemeanor
or
some
serious
crime,
there
would
be
some
reason
for
my
listening
patiently
to
you;
but,
since
it
is
a
dispute
about
words,
and
names,
and
your
own
Law,
you
must
see
to
it
yourselves.
I
do
not
choose
to
be
a
judge
in
such
matters.”
Saying
this,
he
drove
them
back
from
the Bench.
Then
they
all
set
on
Sosthenes,
the synagogue
leader,
and
beat
him
in
front
of
the Bench,
but
Gallio
did
not
trouble
himself
about
any
of
these
things.
Paul
remained
there
some
time
after
this,
and
then
took
leave
of
the
followers,
and
sailed
to
Syria
with
Priscilla
and Aquila,
but
not
before
his
head
had
been
shaved
at Cenchreae,
because
he
was
under
a
vow.
They
put
into
Ephesus,
and
there
Paul,
leaving
his
companions,
went
into
the
synagogue
and
addressed
the
Jews.
When
they
asked
him
to
prolong
his
stay,
he
declined,
saying
however,
as
he
took
his
leave, “I
will
come
back
again
to
you,
please
God,”
and
then
set
sail
from
Ephesus.
On
reaching
Caesarea,
he
went
up
to
Jerusalem
and
exchanged greetings
with
the
church,
and
then
went
down
to Antioch.
After
making
some
stay
in Antioch,
he
set
out
on
a tour
through
the
Phrygian
district
of
Galatia,
strengthening
the
faith
of
all
the
disciples
as
he
went.
Meanwhile
there
had
come
to
Ephesus
an Alexandrian
Jew,
named Apollos,
an
eloquent
man,
who
was
well-versed
in
the
scriptures.
He
had
been well-instructed
in
the
Way
of
the
Lord,
and
with
burning
zeal
he
spoke
of,
and
taught
carefully,
the facts
about
Jesus,
though
he
knew
of
no baptism
but
John’s.
This
man
began
to
speak
out fearlessly
in
the
synagogue;
and
when
Priscilla
and Aquila
heard
him,
they
took
him
home
and
explained
the
Way
of
God
to
him
more
carefully
still.
When
he
wanted
to
cross
to
Greece,
the
followers
furthered
his
plans,
and
wrote
to
the
disciples
there
to
welcome
him.
On
his
arrival
he
proved
of
great
assistance
to
those
who
had,
through
the
loving
kindness
of
God,
become
believers
in Christ,
for
he
vigorously confuted
the
Jews,
publicly proving
by
the
scriptures
that
Jesus
was
the
Christ.
While Apollos
was
at
Corinth,
Paul
passed
through
the inland
districts
of Roman
Asia,
and
went
to
Ephesus.
There
he
found
some
disciples,
of
whom
he
asked,
“Did
you,
when
you
became
believers
in Christ,
receive
the
Holy
Spirit?”
“No,”
they
answered, “we
did
not
even
hear
that
there
was
a
Holy
Spirit.”
“What
then
was
your baptism?”
Paul
asked.
“John’s baptism
was
a baptism
on
repentance,”
rejoined
Paul, “and
John
told
the
people (speaking
of
the ‘one coming’
after
him)
that
they
should
believe
in
him –
that
is
in
Jesus.”
On
hearing
this,
they
were baptized
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus,
and,
after
Paul
had
placed
his
hands
on
them,
the
Holy
Spirit
descended
on
them,
and
they
began
to
speak
in
other
languages
and
to
preach.
There
were
about
twelve
of
them
in
all.
Paul
went
to
the
synagogue
there,
and
for
three
months
spoke
out fearlessly,
giving addresses
and
trying
to convince
his hearers,
about
the
kingdom
of
God.
Some
of
them,
however,
hardened
their
hearts
and
refused
to
believe, denouncing
the
Way
before
the
people.
So
Paul
left
them
and
withdrew
his
disciples,
and
gave
daily addresses
in
the lecture-hall
of
Tyrannus.
This
went
on
for
two
years,
so
that
all
who
lived
in Roman
Asia,
Jews
and
Greeks
alike,
heard
the
Lord’s
message.
God
did
miracles
of
no
ordinary
kind
by
Paul’s
hands;
so
that
people
would
carry
home
to
the
sick
handkerchiefs
or
aprons
that
had
touched
his
body,
and
their
diseases
would
leave
them
and
the
wicked
spirits
go
out
of
them.
An
attempt
was
made
by
some
itinerant
Jews,
who
were
exorcists,
to
use
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus
over
those
who
had
wicked
spirits
in
them.
“I
order
you,”
they
would
say, “by
the
Jesus,
whom
Paul
preaches.”
The
seven
sons
of
Sceva,
a
Jewish
chief
priest,
were
doing
this;
but
the
wicked
spirit
answered
them, “Jesus
I
acknowledge,
and
Paul
I
know,
but
you –
who
are
you?”
Then
the
man,
in
whom
this
wicked
spirit
was,
sprang
on
them, mastered
both
of
them,
and
so
completely
overpowered
them,
that
they
fled
out
of
the
house,
stripped
of
their
clothes,
and
wounded.
This incident
came
to
the
knowledge
of
all
the
Jews
and
Greeks
living
at
Ephesus;
they
were
all awe-struck,
and
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus
was
held
in
the
highest
honor.
Many,
too,
of
those
who
had
become
believers
in Christ
came
with
a
full
confession
of
their
practices;
while
a
number
of
people,
who
had
practiced
magic,
collected
their
books
and
burnt
them
publicly;
and
on
reckoning
up
the
price
of
these,
they
found
it amounted
to
fifty
thousand
silver coins.
So irresistibly
did
the
Lord’s
message
spread
and
prevail.
Sometime
after
these
events
Paul
resolved
to
go
through
Macedonia
and
Greece,
and
then
make
his
way
to
Jerusalem. “And
after
I
have
been
there,”
he
said, “I
must
visit
Rome
also.”
So
he
sent
to
Macedonia
two
of
his
helpers,
Timothy
and
Erastus,
while
he
himself
stayed
for
some
time
longer
in Roman
Asia.
Just
about
that
time
a
great
disturbance
arose
about
the
Way.
A
silversmith
named
Demetrius,
who
made
silver models
of
the
shrine
of Artemis,
and
so
gave
a
great
deal
of
work
to
the
artisans,
got
these
men
together,
as
well
as
the
workmen
engaged
in
similar occupations,
and
said:
“Men,
you
know
that
our
prosperity
depends
on
this
work,
and
you
see
and
hear
that
not
only
at
Ephesus,
but
in
almost
the
whole
of Roman
Asia,
this
Paul
has
convinced
and
won
over
great
numbers
of
people,
by
his assertion
that
those
Gods
which
are
made
by
hands
are
not
Gods
at
all.
So
that
not
only
is
this
business
of
ours likely
to
fall
into discredit,
but
there
is
the
further
danger
that
the
Temple
of
the
great
Goddess Artemis
will
be
thought
nothing
of,
and
that
she
herself
will
be
deprived
of
her
splendor –
though
all Roman
Asia
and
the
whole
world
worship
her.”
When
they
heard
this,
the
men
were
greatly
enraged,
and
began
shouting – “Great
is Artemis
of
the
Ephesians!”
The
commotion
spread
through
the
whole
city,
and
the
people
rushed
together
into
the amphitheater,
dragging
with
them
Gaius
and Aristarchus,
two
Macedonians
who
were
Paul’s
traveling
companions.
Paul
wished
to
go
into
the amphitheater
and
face
the
people,
but
the
disciples
would
not
let
him,
while
some
of
the
chief religious
officials
of
the
province,
who
were
friendly
to
him,
sent
repeated entreaties
to
him
not
to
trust
himself
inside.
Meanwhile
some
were
shouting
one
thing
and
some
another,
for
the
Assembly
was
all
in
confusion,
most
of
those
present
not
even
knowing
why
they
had
met.
But
some
of
the
crowd
prompted Alexander,
whom
several
of
the
Jewish
leaders
had
pushed
to
the
front,
and
he
waved
his
hand
to
show
that
he
wanted
to
speak
in
their
defense
to
the
people.
However,
when
they
recognized
him
as
a
Jew,
one
cry
broke
from
them
all,
and
they
continued
shouting
for
two
hours – “Great
is Artemis
of
the
Ephesians!”
When
the
Recorder
had
succeeded
in
quieting
the
crowd,
he
said, “People
of
Ephesus,
who
is
there,
I
ask
you,
who
needs
to
be
told
that
this
city
of
Ephesus
is
the
Warden
of
the
Temple
of
the
great Artemis,
and
of
the
statue
which
fell
down
from Zeus?
As
these
are undeniable facts,
you
ought
to
keep
calm
and
do
nothing
rash;
for
you
have
brought
these
men
here,
though
they
are
neither
robbers
of
Temples
nor blasphemers
of
our
Goddess.
If,
however,
Demetrius
and
the
artisans
who
are
acting
with
him
have
a
charge
to
make
against
anyone,
there
are
court
days
and
there
are
Magistrates;
let
both
parties
take
legal proceedings.
But
if
you
want
anything
more,
it
will
have
to
be
settled
in
the
regular
Assembly.
For
I
tell
you
that
we
are
in
danger
of
being
proceeded
against
for
today’s
riot,
there
being
nothing
to
account
for
it;
and
in
that
case
we
will
be
at
a
loss
to
give
any
reason
for
this
disorderly
gathering.”
With
these
words
he
dismissed
the
Assembly.
When
the
uproar
had
ceased,
Paul
sent
for
the
disciples,
and,
with
encouraging
words,
bade
them goodbye,
and
started
on
his
journey
to
Macedonia.
After
going
through
those
districts
and
speaking
many
encouraging
words
to
the
disciples,
he
went
into
Greece,
where
he
stayed
three
months.
He
was
about
to
sail
to
Syria,
when
he
learned
that
a
plot
had
been
laid
against
him
by
several
of
the
Jewish
leaders;
so
he
decided
to
return
by
way
of
Macedonia.
He
was
accompanied
by
Sopater
the
son
of
Pyrrhus,
of Beroea, Aristarchus
and
Secundus
from
Thessalonica,
Gaius
of
Derbe,
and
Timothy,
as
well
as
by
Tychicus
and
Trophimus
of Roman Asia.
These
people
went
to
Troas
and
waited
for
us
there;
while
we
ourselves
sailed
from
Philippi
after
the
Passover,
and
joined
them
five
days
later
at
Troas,
where
we
stayed
for
a
week.
On
the
first
day
of
the
week,
when
we
had
met
for
the
breaking
of
bread,
Paul,
who
was
intending
to
leave
the
next
day,
began
to
address
those
who
were
present,
and
prolonged
his
address
until
midnight.
There
were
a
good
many
lamps
in
the upstairs
room,
where
we
had
met;
and
a
young
man
named
Eutychus,
sitting
at
the
window,
was gradually
overcome
with
great
drowsiness,
as
Paul
continued
his
address.
At
last,
quite
overpowered
by
his
drowsiness,
he
fell
from
the
third
story
to
the
ground,
and
was
picked
up
for
dead.
But
Paul
went
down,
threw
himself
on
him,
and
put
his
arms
around
him.
“Do
not
be
alarmed,”
he
said, “he
is
still
alive.”
Then
he
went upstairs;
and,
after
breaking
and partaking
of
the
bread,
he
talked
with
them
at
great
length
until
daybreak,
and
then
left.
Meanwhile
they
had
taken
the
lad
away
alive,
and
were
greatly
comforted.
We
started
first,
went
on
board
ship,
and
sailed
for Assos,
intending
to
take
Paul
on
board
there.
This
was
by
his
own
arrangement,
as
he
intended
to
go
by
land
himself.
So,
when
he
met
us
at Assos,
we
took
him
on
board
and
went
on
to
Mitylene.
The
day
after
we
had
sailed
from
there,
we
arrived
off
Chios,
touched
at
Samos
the
following
day,
and
the
next
day
reached
Miletus;
for
Paul
had
decided
to
sail
past
Ephesus,
so
as
to
avoid
spending
much
time
in Roman
Asia.
He
was
making
haste
to
reach
Jerusalem,
if
possible,
by
the
Festival
at
the
close
of
the
Harvest.
From
Miletus,
however,
he
sent
to
Ephesus
and
invited
the
church
elders
to
meet
him;
and,
when
they
came,
he
said
to
them, “You
know
well
the
life
that
I
always
led
among
you
from
the
very
first
day
that
I
set
foot
in Roman
Asia,
serving
the
Lord,
as
I
did,
in
all
humility,
amid
the
tears
and
trials
which
fell
to
my
lot
through
the
plots
of
some
of
the
Jewish
leaders.
I
never
shrank
from
telling
you
anything
that
could
be
helpful
to
you,
or
from
teaching
you
both
in
public
and
in
private.
I
earnestly pointed
both
Jews
and
Greeks
to
the
repentance
that
leads
to
God,
and
to
faith
in
Jesus,
our
Lord.
And
now,
under
spiritual
constraint,
I
am
here
on
my
way
to
Jerusalem,
not
knowing
what
will
happen
to
me
there,
except
that
in
town
after
town
the
Holy
Spirit
plainly
declares
to
me
that
imprisonment
and
troubles
await
me.
But
I
count
my
life
of
no
value
to
myself,
if
only
I
may
complete
the
course
marked
out
for
me,
and
the
task
that
was
allotted
me
by
the
Lord
Jesus –
which
was
to
declare
the
good
news
of
the
love
of
God.
And
now,
I
tell
you,
I
know
that
none
of
you
will
ever
see
my
face
again –
you
among
whom
I
have
gone
about
proclaiming
the
kingdom.
Therefore
I
declare
to
you
this
day,
that
my
conscience
is
clear
in
regard
to
the
fate
of
any
of
you,
for
I
have
not shrunk
from announcing
the
whole
purpose
of
God
regarding
you.
Be watchful
over
yourselves,
and
over
the
whole
flock,
of
which
the
Holy
Spirit
has
placed
you
in
charge,
to
shepherd
the
church
of
God,
which
he
won
for
himself
at
the
cost
of
his
life.
I
know
that,
after
my
departure,
merciless
wolves
will
get
in
among
you,
who
will
not
spare
the
flock;
and
from
among
yourselves,
too,
people
will
arise,
who
will
teach perversions
of
truth,
so
as
to
draw
away
the
disciples
after
them.
Therefore,
be
on
your
guard,
remembering
how
for
three
years,
night
and
day,
I
never
ceased,
even
with
tears,
to
warn
each
one
of
you.
And
now
I
commend
you
to
the
Lord
and
to
the
message
of
his
love –
a
message
which
has
the
power
to
build
up
your characters,
and
to
give
you
your
place
among
all
those
who
have
become Christ’s
people.
I
have
never
coveted
anyone’s
gold
or
silver
or
clothing.
You,
yourselves,
know
that
these
hands
of
mine
provided
not
only
for
my
own
wants,
but
for
my
companions
also.
I
left
nothing
undone
to
show
you
that,
laboring
as
I
labored,
you
ought
to
help
the
weak,
and
to
remember
the
words
of
the
Lord
Jesus,
how
he
said
himself –
‘It
is
more
blessed
to
give
than
to
receive.’”
When
Paul
had
finished
speaking,
he
knelt
down
and
prayed
with
them
all.
All
were
in
tears;
and
throwing
their
arms
around
Paul’s
neck,
they
kissed
him
again
and
again,
grieving
most
of
all
over
what
he
had
said –
that
they
would
never
see
his
face
again.
Then
they
escorted
him
to
the
ship.
When
we
had
torn
ourselves
away
and
had
set
sail,
we
ran
before
the
wind
to
Cos;
the
next
day
we
came
to
Rhodes,
and
from
there
to
Patara,
where
we
found
a
ship
crossing
to
Phoenicia,
and
went
on
board
and
set
sail.
After sighting
Cyprus
and
leaving
it
on
the
left,
we
sailed
to
Syria,
and
put
into
Tyre,
where
the
ship
was
to
discharge
her
cargo.
There
we
found
the
disciples
and
stayed
a
week
with
them.
Speaking
under
the
influence
of
the
Spirit,
they
warned
Paul
not
to
set
foot
in
Jerusalem.
However,
when
we
had
come
to
the
end
of
our
visit,
we
went
on
our
way,
all
the
disciples
with
their
wives
and
children escorting
us
out
of
the
city.
We
knelt
down
on
the beach,
and
prayed,
and
then
said goodbye
to
one
another;
after
which
we
went
on
board,
and
they
returned
home.
After
we
had
made
the
run
from
Tyre,
we
landed
at
Ptolemais,
and
exchanged greetings
with
the
followers
there,
and
spent
a
day
with
them.
The
next
day
we
left,
and
reached
Caesarea,
where
we
went
to
the
house
of
Philip,
the missionary,
who
was
one
of
the
Seven,
and
stayed
with
him.
He
had
four
unmarried
daughters,
who
had
the
gift
of
prophecy.
During
our
visit,
which
lasted
several
days,
a
prophet,
named Agabus,
came
down
from
Judea.
He
came
to
see
us,
and,
taking
Paul’s
belt,
and
binding
his
own
feet
and
hands
with
it,
said, “This
is
what
the
Holy
Spirit
says – ‘The
man
to
whom
this
belt
belongs
will
be
bound
like
this
by
the religious
authorities
in
Jerusalem,
and
they
will
give
him
up
to
the Gentiles’.”
When
we
heard
that,
we
and
the
people
of
the
place
began
to
entreat
Paul
not
to
go
up
to
Jerusalem.
It
was
then
that
Paul
made
the
reply, “Why
are
you
weeping
and
breaking
my
heart
like
this?
For
my
part,
I
am
ready
not
only
to
be
bound,
but
even
to
suffer
death
at
Jerusalem
for
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus.”
So,
as
he
would
not
be
persuaded,
we
said
no
more
to
him,
only
adding – “The
Lord’s
will
be
done.”
At
the
end
of
our
visit,
we
made
our
preparations,
and
started
on
our
way
up
to
Jerusalem.
Some
of
the
disciples
from
Caesarea
went
with
us,
and
brought
Mnason
with
them,
a Cypriot
disciple
of
long
standing,
with
whom
we
were
to
stay.
On
our
arrival
at
Jerusalem,
the
followers
of
the
Lord
there
gave
us
a
hearty
welcome;
and
the
next
day
Paul
went
with
us
to
see
James,
and
all
the church
elders
were
present.
After greeting
them,
Paul
related
in
detail
all
that
God
had
done
among
the
Gentiles
through
his
efforts;
and,
when
they
had
heard
it,
they
began
praising
God,
and
said
to
Paul:
“You
see,
brother,
that
those
of
our
people
who
have
become
believers
in Christ
may
be
numbered
by
tens
of
thousands,
and
they
are
all naturally
earnest
in upholding
the
Jewish
Law.
Now
they
have
heard
it
said
about
you,
that
you
teach
all
of
our
people
in
foreign
countries
to
forsake
Moses,
for
you
tell
them
not
to
circumcise
their
children
or
even
to
observe
Jewish
customs.
Well
now,
as
they
are
certain
to
hear
of
your
arrival,
do
what
we
are
going
to suggest.
We
have
four
men
here,
who
have
of
their
own
accord
put
themselves
under
a
vow.
Join
these
men,
share
their
purification,
and
bear
their
expenses,
so
that
they
may
shave
their
heads;
and
then
all
will
see
that
there
is
no
truth
in
what
they
have
been
told
about
you,
but
that,
on
the
contrary,
you
yourself
rule
your
life
in
obedience
to
the
Jewish
Law.
As
to
the
Gentiles
who
have
become
believers
in Christ,
we
have
sent
our
decision
that
they
should
avoid
food
offered
to
idols,
and
blood,
and
the
flesh
of
strangled
animals,
and
impurity.”
Paul
joined
the
men,
and
the
next
day
shared
their
purification,
and
went
into
the
Temple,
and
gave
notice
of
the expiration
of
the
period
of
purification
when
the
usual
offering
should
have
been
made
on
behalf
of
each
of
them.
But,
just
as
the
seven
days
were
drawing
to
a
close,
some
of
the
Jewish
people
from Roman
Asia
caught
sight
of
Paul
in
the
Temple,
and
caused
great excitement
among
all
the
people
present,
by
seizing
Paul
and
shouting,
“People
of
Israel!
Help!
This
is
the
man
who
teaches
everyone
everywhere
against
our
people,
our
Law,
and
this
place;
and,
what
is
more,
he
has
actually
brought
Greeks
into
the
Temple
and
defiled
this
sacred
place.”
(For
they
had
previously
seen
Trophimus
the
Ephesian
in
Paul’s
company
in
the
city,
and
were
under
the
belief
that
Paul
had
taken
him
into
the
Temple.)
The
whole
city
was
stirred,
and
the
people
quickly
collected,
seized
Paul,
and
dragged
him
out
of
the
Temple,
when
the
doors
were
immediately
shut.
They
were
bent
on
killing
him,
when
it
was
reported
to
the
officer
commanding
the
garrison,
that
all
Jerusalem
was
in
commotion.
He
instantly
got
together
some
officers
and
soldiers,
and
charged
down
on
the
crowd,
who,
when
they
saw
the
commanding
officer
and
his
soldiers,
stopped
beating
Paul.
Then
he
went
up
to
Paul,
arrested
him,
ordered
him
to
be
doubly chained,
and
proceeded
to
inquire
who
he
was,
and
what
he
had
been
doing.
Some
of
the
crowd
said
one
thing,
and
some
another;
and,
as
he
could
get
no
definite
reply
because
of
the
uproar,
he
ordered
Paul
to
be
taken
into
the
barracks.
When
Paul
reached
the
steps,
he
was
actually
being
carried
by
the
soldiers, owing
to
the
violence
of
the
mob;
for
the
people
were
following
in
a
mass,
shouting
out, “Kill
him!”
Just
as
he
was
about
to
be
taken
into
the
Fort,
Paul
said
to
the
commanding
officer, “May
I
speak
to
you?”
“Do
you
know
Greek?”
asked
the
commanding
officer.
“Aren’t
you,
then,
the
Egyptian
who
some
time
ago
raised
an
insurrection
and
led
the
four
thousand
Bandits
out
into
the
wilderness?”
“No,”
said
Paul, “I
am
a
Jew
of
Tarsus
in
Cilicia,
a
citizen
of
a
city
of
some
note.
I
beg
you
to
give
me
permission
to
speak
to
the
people.”
The
commanding
officer
gave
his
permission,
and
Paul,
standing
on
the
steps,
made
signs
with
his
hand
to
the
people,
and,
when comparative
silence
had
been
obtained,
he
said
to
them
in
Hebrew:
“Brothers
and
fathers,
listen
to
the
defense
which
I
am
about
to
make.”
When
they
heard
that
he
was
speaking
to
them
in
Hebrew,
they
were
still
more
quiet;
and
Paul
went
on:
“I
am
a
Jew,
from
Tarsus
in
Cilicia,
but
I
was
brought
up
in
this
city
under
the
teaching
of
Gamaliel,
and
educated
in
accordance
with
the strict system
of
our
ancestral
Law.
I
was
as
zealous
in
God’s
service
as
any
of
you
who
are
here
today.
In
my
persecution
of
this
Way
I
did
not
stop
even
at
the
taking
of
life.
I
put
in
chains,
and
imprisoned,
men
and
women
alike –
And
to
that
the
high
priest
himself
and
all
the
council
of
elders
can
testify.
For
I
had
letters
of introduction
from
them
to
our
fellow
Jews
at
Damascus,
and
I
was
on
my
way
to
that
place,
to
bring
those
whom
I
might
find
there
prisoners
to
Jerusalem
for
punishment.
While
I
was
still
on
my
way,
just
as
I
was
getting
close
to
Damascus,
about
midday,
suddenly
there
flashed
from
the
heavens
a
great
light
all
around
me.
I
fell
to
the
ground,
and
heard
a
voice
saying
to
me
‘Saul,
Saul,
why
are
you
persecuting
me?’
‘Who
are
you,
Lord?’
I
replied.
Then
the
voice
said
‘I
am
Jesus
of
Nazareth
whom
you
are
persecuting.’
The
men
with
me
saw
the
light,
but
did
not
hear
the speaker’s
voice.
Then
I
said ‘What
am
I
to
do,
Lord?’
‘Get
up
and
go
into
Damascus,’
The
Lord
said
to
me,
‘and
there
you
will
be
told
all
that
you
have
been
appointed
to
do.’
In consequence
of
that
dazzling
light
I
could
not
see,
but
my
companions
held
me
by
the
hand,
until
I
reached
Damascus.
There
a
man
named Ananias,
a strict observer
of
our
Law,
well
spoken
of
by
all
the
Jewish
inhabitants,
came
to
see
me.
Standing
close
to
me,
he
said ‘Saul,
my
brother,
recover
your
sight.’
And
then
and
there
I
recovered
my
sight
and
looked
up
at
him.
Then
he
said ‘The
God
of
our
ancestors
has
appointed
you
to
learn
his
will,
and
to
see
the
righteous
one,
and
to
hear
words
from
his
lips;
for
you
will
be
a
witness
for
him
to
all
the
world
of
what
you
have
just
seen
and
heard.
And
now
why
wait
any
longer,
Be baptized
at
once,
wash
away
your
sins,
and
invoke
his
name.’
After
my
return
to
Jerusalem,
while
I
was
praying
one
day
in
the
Temple,
I
fell
into
a
trance,
and
saw
Jesus
saying
to
me
‘Make
haste
and
leave
Jerusalem
at
once,
because
they
will
not
accept
your
testimony
about
me.’
‘Lord,’
I
answered, ‘these
people
know
that
I
used
to
imprison
and
scourge,
in
synagogue
after
synagogue,
those
who
believed
in
you;
and,
when
the
blood
of
your
martyr,
Stephen,
was
being
shed,
I
was
myself
standing
by,
approving
of
his
death,
and
took
charge
of
the
clothes
of
those
who
were murdering
him.’
But
Jesus
said
to
me
‘Go;
for
I
will
send
you
to
the
Gentiles
far away’.”
Up
to
this
point
the
people
had
been
listening
to
Paul,
but
at
these
words
they
called
out, “Kill
him!
A
fellow
like
this
ought
not
to
have
been
allowed
to
live!”
As
they
were
shouting,
tearing
off
their
clothes,
and
throwing
dust
in
the
air,
the
commanding
officer
ordered
Paul
to
be
taken
into
the
Fort,
and
directed
that
he
should
be
examined
under
the lash
so
that
he
might
find
out
the
reason
for
their
outcry
against
him.
But
just
as
they
had
tied
him
up
to
be
scourged,
Paul
said
to
the
centurion
standing
near, “Is
it
legal
for
you
to
scourge
a
Roman
citizen, unconvicted?”
On
hearing
this,
the
centurion
went
and
reported
it
to
the
commanding
officer. “Do
you
know
what
you
are
doing?”
he
said. “This
man
is
a
Roman
citizen.”
So
the
commanding
officer
went
up
to
Paul
and
said, “Tell
me,
are
you
a
Roman
citizen?”
“Yes,”
replied
Paul.
“I
had
to
pay
a
heavy
price
for
my
position
as
citizen,”
said
the
officer. “I
am
one
by
birth,”
rejoined
Paul.
The
men
who
were
to
have
examined
Paul
immediately
drew
back,
and
the
officer,
finding
that
Paul
was
a
Roman
citizen,
was
alarmed
at
having
put
him
in
chains.
On
the
next
day
the
commanding
officer,
wishing
to
find
out
the real
reason
why
Paul
was
denounced
by
the
Jewish
leaders,
had
his
chains
taken
off,
and
directed
the
chief
priests
and
the
whole
of
the
High
Council
to
assemble,
and
then
took
Paul
down
and
brought
him
before
them.
Paul
fixed
his
eyes
on
the
Council,
and
began:
“Brothers,
for
my
part,
I
have
always
ordered
my
life
before
God,
with
a
clear
conscience,
up
to
this
very
day.”
At
this,
the
high
priest Ananias
ordered
the
men
standing
near
to
strike
him
on
the
mouth;
Paul
turned
to
him
and
said:
“God
will
strike
you,
you
whitewashed
wall!
Are
you
sitting
there
to
try
me
in
accordance
with
law,
and
yet,
in
defiance
of
law,
order
me
to
be
struck?”
The
people
standing
near
said
to
Paul, “Do
you
know
that
you
are insulting
God’s
high
priest?”
“I
did
not
know,
brothers,
that
it
was
the
high
priest,”
said
Paul, “for
scripture
says –
‘Of
the
ruler
of
your
people
you
should
speak
no ill’.”
Noticing
that
some
of
those
present
were
Sadducees
and
others
Pharisees,
Paul
called
out
in
the
Council, “Brothers,
I
am
a
Pharisee
and
a
son
of
Pharisees.
It
is
on
the
question
of
hope
for
the
dead
and
of
their resurrection
that
I
am
on
my
trial.”
As
soon
as
he
said
this,
a
dispute
arose
between
the
Pharisees
and
the
Sadducees;
and
there
was
a
sharp
division
of
opinion
among
those
present.
(For
Sadducees
say
there
is
no
such
thing
as
a resurrection,
and
that
there
is
neither
angel
nor
spirit,
while
Pharisees
believe
in
both.)
So
a
great
uproar ensued,
and
some
of
the
Teachers
of
the
Law belonging
to
the
Pharisees’
party
stood
up
and
hotly
protested, “We
find
nothing
whatever
wrong
in
this
man.
Suppose
a
spirit
did
speak
to
him,
or
an
angel…”
The
dispute
was
becoming
so
violent,
that
the
commanding
officer,
fearing
that
Paul
would
be
torn
in
pieces
between
them,
ordered
the
Guard
to
go
down
and
rescue
him
from
them,
and
take
him
into
the
Fort.
That
night
the
Lord
came
and
stood
by
Paul,
and
said,
“Courage!
You
have
borne
witness
for
me
in
Jerusalem
and
you
must
bear
witness
in
Rome
also.”
In
the
morning
some
Jewish
men combined
together,
and
took
an
oath
that
they
would
not
eat
or
drink
until
they
had
killed
Paul.
There
were
more
than
forty
in
the
plot;
and
they
went
to
the
chief
priests
and
the
elders,
and
said, “We
have
taken
a
solemn
oath
not
to
touch
food
until
we
have
killed
Paul.
So
we
want
you
now,
with
the
consent
of
the
Council,
to suggest
to
the
commanding
officer
that
he
should
bring
Paul
down
before
you,
as
though
you
intended
to
go
more
fully
into
his
case;
but,
before
he
comes
here,
we
will
be
ready
to
make
away
with
him.”
However,
the
son
of
Paul’s
sister,
hearing
of
the
plot,
went
to
the
Fort,
and
on
being admitted,
told
Paul
about
it.
Paul
called
one
of
the
garrison
centurion
and
asked
him
to
take
the
lad
to
the
commanding
officer,
as
he
had
something
to
tell
him.
The centurion
went
with
the
lad
to
the
commanding
officer,
and
said, “The
prisoner
Paul
called
me
and
asked
me
to
bring
this
lad
to
you,
as
he
has
something
to
tell
you.”
The
commanding
officer
took
the
lad
by
the
hand,
and, stepping
aside,
asked
what
it
was
he
had
to
tell
him.
“Some
men
have
agreed,”
answered
the
lad, “to
ask
you
to
bring
Paul
down
before
the
Council
tomorrow,
on
the
plea
of
your
making
further
inquiry
into
his
case.
But
do
not
let
them
persuade
you,
for
more
than
forty
of
them
are
lying
in
wait
for
him,
who
have
taken
an
oath
that
they
will
not
eat
or
drink,
until
they
have
made
away
with
him;
and
they
are
at
this
very
moment
in
readiness,
counting
on
your
promise.”
The
commanding
officer
then
dismissed
the
lad, cautioning
him
not
to
mention
to anybody
that
he
had
given
him
that
information.
Then
he
called
two
Captains,
and
ordered
them
to
have
two
hundred
soldiers
ready
to
go
to
Caesarea,
as
well
as
seventy troopers
and
two
hundred lancers,
by
nine o’clock
that
night,
and
to
have
horses
ready
for
Paul
to
ride,
so
that
they
might
take
him
safely
to
Felix,
the
Governor.
He
also
wrote
a
letter
along
these
lines:
‘Claudius
Lysias
sends
his
compliments
to
His
Excellency
Felix
the
Governor.
The
man
whom
I
send
with
this
had
been
seized
by
some
Jews,
and
was
on
the
point
of
being
killed
by
them,
when
I
came
upon
them
with
the
force
under
my
command,
and
rescued
him,
as
I
learned
that
he
was
a
Roman
citizen.
Wanting
to
know
exactly
the
ground
of
the
charges
they
made
against
him,
I
brought
him
before
their
Council,
when
I
found
that
their
charges
were
connected
with
questions
of
their
own
Law,
and
that
there
was
nothing alleged
involving
either
death
or
imprisonment.
Having,
however,
information
of
a
plot
against
the
man,
which
was
about
to
be
put
into
execution,
I
am
sending
him
to
you
at
once,
and
I
have
also
directed
his
accusers
to prosecute
him
before
you.’
The
soldiers,
in
accordance
with
their
orders,
took
charge
of
Paul
and
conducted
him
by
night
to Antipatris;
and
on
the
next
day,
leaving
the troopers
to
go
on
with
him,
they
returned
to
the
Fort.
On
arriving
at
Caesarea,
the troopers
delivered
the
letter
to
the
Governor,
and
brought
Paul
before
him.
As
soon
as Felix
had
read
the
letter,
he
enquired
to
what
province
Paul
belonged,
and,
learning
that
he
came
from
Cilicia,
he
said,
“I
will
hear
all
you
have
to
say
as
soon
as
your
accusers
have
arrived.”
And
he
ordered
Paul
to
be
kept
under
guard
in
Herod’s
Government
house.
Five
days
afterward
the
high
priest Ananias
came
down
with
some
of
the
elders
and
a barrister
named
Tertullus.
They
laid
an
information
with
the
Governor
against
Paul;
and,
when
the
hearing
came
on,
Tertullus
began
his
speech
for
the prosecution.
“We owe
it
to
your
Excellency,”
he
said, “that
we
are enjoying
profound
peace,
and
we owe
it
to
your
foresight
that
this
nation
is
constantly securing
reforms – advantages
which
we
very
gratefully
accept
at
all
times
and
places.
But –
not
to
be
tedious –
I
beg
you,
with
your
accustomed
fairness,
to
listen
to
a
brief
statement
of
our
case.
We
have
found
this
man
a
public
pest;
he
is
one
who
stirs
up
disputes
among
our
people
all
the
world
over,
and
is
a
ringleader
of
the
Nazarene heretics.
He
even
attempted
to
desecrate
the
Temple
itself,
but
we
caught
him;
24.7
Some later manuscripts add: We wanted to judge him according to our law. But Lysias the commanding officer came and took him out of our hands by force, ordering his accusers to come before you.
and
you
will
be
able,
by examining
him
on
all
these
points,
to
satisfy
yourself
as
to
the
charges
which
we
are
bringing
against
him.”
The
Jewish
crowd
also
joined
in
the
attack
and
bore
out
his
statements.
On
a
sign
from
the
Governor,
Paul
made
this
reply:
“Knowing,
as
I
do,
for
how
many
years
you
have
acted
as
judge
to
this
nation,
it
is
with
confidence
that
I
undertake
my
own
defense.
For
you
can
easily
verify
that
it
is
not
more
than
twelve
days
ago
that
I
went
up
to
worship
at
Jerusalem,
where
my prosecutors
never
found
me
holding discussions
with
anyone,
or
causing
a
crowd
to
collect –
either
in
the
Temple,
or
in
the
synagogues,
or
about
the
city;
and
they
cannot
establish
the
charges
which
they
are
now
making
against
me.
This,
however,
I
do
acknowledge
to
you,
that
it
is
as
a believer
in
the
Way
which
they
call heretical,
that
I
worship
the
God
of
my
ancestors.
At
the
same
time,
I
believe
everything
that
is
in
accordance
with
the
Law
and
that
is
written
in
the
prophets;
and
I
have
a
hope
that
rests
in
God –
a
hope
which
they
also
cherish –
that
there
will
one
day
be
a resurrection
of
good
and
bad
alike.
This
being
so,
I
strive
at
all
times
to
keep
my
conscience
clear
before
both
God
and
people.
After
some
years’ absence
I
had
come
to
bring charitable
gifts
to
my
nation,
and
to
make
offerings;
and
it
was
while
engaged
in
this
that
they
found
me
in
the
Temple,
after completing
a
period
of
purification,
but
not
with
any
crowd
or disorder.
There
were,
however,
some
Jews
from Roman Asia
who
ought
to
have
been
here
before
you,
and
to
have
made
any
charge
that
they
may
have
against
me –
Or
else
let
my
opponents
here
say
what
they
found
wrong
in
me
when
I
was
before
the
Council,
except
as
to
the
one
sentence
that
I
shouted
out
as
I
stood
among
them – ‘It
is
about
the resurrection
of
the
dead
that
I
am
on
my
trial
before
you today’.”
Felix,
however, adjourned
the
case –
though
he
had
a
fairly
accurate
knowledge
of
all
that
concerned
the
Way –
with
the
promise, “When
Lysias,
the
commanding
officer,
comes
down,
I
will
give
my
decision
in
your
case.”
So
he
gave
orders
to
the
centurion
in
charge
of
Paul
to
keep
him
in
custody,
but
to
relax
the
regulations,
and
not
to
prevent
any
of
his
personal
friends
from
attending
to
his
wants.
Some
days
later
Felix
came
with
his
wife
Drusilla,
who
was
Jewish,
and,
sending
for
Paul,
listened
to
what
he
had
to
say
about
faith
in
Christ
Jesus.
But,
while
Paul
was
speaking
at
length
about
righteousness,
self-control,
and
the
coming
judgment,
Felix
became
terrified,
and interrupted
him – “Go
for
the
present,
but,
when
I
find
an
opportunity,
I
will
send
for
you
again.”
He
was
hoping,
too,
for
a
bribe
from
Paul,
and
so
he
used
to
send
for
him
frequently
and
talk
with
him.
But,
after
the
lapse
of
two
years,
Felix
was
succeeded
by
Porcius
Festus;
and,
wishing
to
gain popularity
with
the
Jewish
leaders,
he
left
Paul
a
prisoner.
Three
days
after
Festus
had
arrived
in
his
province,
he
left
Caesarea
and
went
up
to
Jerusalem.
There
the
chief
priests
and
the
leading
men
among
the
Jews
laid
an
information
before
him
against
Paul,
and
asked
a
favor
of
him,
to Paul’s
injury –
to
have
Paul
brought
to
Jerusalem.
All
the
while
they
were
plotting
to
make
away
with
him
on
the
road.
But
Festus
answered
that
Paul
was
in
prison
at
Caesarea,
and
that
he
himself
would
be
leaving
for
that
place
shortly.
“So
let
the
influential
men
among
you,”
he
said, “go
down
with
me,
and
if
there
is
anything
amiss
in
the
man,
charge
him formally
with
it.”
After
staying
among
them
some
eight
or
ten
days, Festus
went
down
to
Caesarea.
The
next
day
he
took
his
seat
on
the Bench,
and
ordered
Paul
to
be
brought
before
him.
On Paul’s
appearance,
the
Jewish
leaders
who
had
come
down
from
Jerusalem
surrounded
him,
and
made
many
serious
charges,
which
they
failed
to
establish.
Paul’s
answer
to
the
charge
was – ‘I
have
not
committed
any
offense
against
the
Jewish
Law,
or
the
Temple,
or
the Emperor.’
But,
as
Festus
wished
to
gain popularity
with
the
Jews,
he interrupted
Paul
with
the
question, “Are
you
willing
to
go
up
to
Jerusalem
and
be
tried
on
these
charges
before
me
there?”
“No,”
replied
Paul, “I
am
standing
at
the Emperor’s
court,
where
I
ought
to
be
tried.
I
have
not
wronged
the
Jews,
as
you
yourself
are
well
aware.
If,
however,
I
am
breaking
the
law
and
have
committed
any
offense
deserving
death,
I
do
not
ask
to
escape
the
penalty;
but,
if
there
is
nothing
in
the
accusations
of
these
people,
no
one
has
the
power
to
give
me
up
to
them.
I
appeal
to
the Emperor.”
Festus,
after conferring
with
his
Council,
answered, “You
have
appealed
to
the Emperor;
to
the Emperor
you
will
go.”
Some
days
later
King Agrippa
and Bernice
came
down
to
Caesarea,
and
paid
a
visit
of congratulation
to
Festus;
and,
as
they
were
staying
there
for
several
days,
Festus
laid
Paul’s
case
before
the
king. “There
is
a
man
here,”
he
said, “left
a
prisoner
by
Felix,
about
whom,
when
I
came
to
Jerusalem,
the
Jewish
chief
priest
and
the
elders
laid
an
information, demanding
judgment
against
him.
My
answer
to
them
was,
that
it
was
not
the
practice
of
Romans
to
give
up
anyone
to
their
accusers
until
the
accused
had
met
them
face
to
face,
and
had
also
had
an
opportunity
of
answering
the
charges
brought
against
them.
So
they
met
here,
and
without
loss
of
time
I
took
my
seat
on
the Bench
the
very
next
day,
and
ordered
the
man
to
be
brought
before
me.
But,
when
his
accusers
came
forward,
they
brought
no
charge
of
wrongdoing
such
as
I
had
expected;
but
I
found
that
there
were
certain
questions
in
dispute
between
them
about
their
own
religion,
and
about
some
dead
man
called
Jesus,
whom
Paul
declared
to
be
alive.
And,
as
I
was
at
a
loss
how
to
enquire
into
questions
of
this
kind,
I
asked
Paul
if
he
were
willing
to
go
up
to
Jerusalem,
and
be
put
on
trial
there.
Paul,
however,
appealed
to
have
his
case
reserved
for
the
consideration
of
his August
Majesty,
so
I
ordered
him
to
be
detained
in
custody,
until
I
could
send
him
to
the
Emperor.”
“I
should
like
to
hear
this
man
myself,” Agrippa
said
to
Festus.
“You
will
hear
him
tomorrow,”
Festus
answered.
So
the
next
day,
when Agrippa
and Bernice
had
come
in
full
state
and
had
entered
the
Audience
Chamber,
with
the
superior
officers
and
the
principal
people
of
the
city,
by
the
order
of
Festus
Paul
was
brought
before
them.
Then
Festus
said, “King Agrippa,
and
all
here
present,
you
see
before
you
the
man
about
whom
the
whole
Jewish
people
have
applied
to
me,
both
at
Jerusalem
and
here,
loudly
asserting
that
he
ought
not
to
be
allowed
to
live.
I
found,
however,
that
he
had
not
done
anything
deserving
death;
so,
as
he
had
himself
appealed
to
his August
Majesty,
I
decided
to
send
him.
But
I
have
nothing
definite
to
write
about
him
to
my Imperial
Master;
and
for
that
reason
I
have
brought
him
before
you
all,
and
especially
before
you,
King Agrippa,
that,
after examining
him,
I
may
have
something
to
write.
For
it
seems
to
me absurd
to
send
a
prisoner,
without
at
the
same
time stating
the
charges
made
against
him.”
Turning
to
Paul, Agrippa
said, “You
are
at
liberty
to
speak
for
yourself.”
Then
Paul
stretched
out
his
hand
and
began
his
defense.
“I
have
been congratulating
myself,
King Agrippa,”
he
said, “that
it
is
before
you
that
I
have
to
make
my
defense
today,
with
regard
to
all
the
charges
brought
against
me
by
my
own
people,
especially
as
you
are
so well-versed
in
all
the
customs
and
questions
of
the
Jewish
world.
I
beg
you
therefore
to
give
me
a
patient
hearing.
My
life,
then,
from
youth
upwards,
was
passed,
from
the
very
first,
among
my
own
nation,
and
in
Jerusalem,
and
is
within
the
knowledge
of
all
Jews;
and
they
have
always
known –
if
they
choose
to
give
evidence –
that,
in
accordance
with
the
very strictest
form
of
our
religion,
I
lived
a
true
Pharisee.
Even
now,
it
is
because
of
my
hope
in
the
promise
given
by
God
to
our
ancestors
that
I
stand
here
on
my
trial –
A
promise
which
our
twelve
tribes,
by
earnest
service
night
and
day,
hope
to
see
fulfilled.
It
is
for
this
hope,
your
Majesty,
that
I
am
accused –
and
by
Jews
themselves!
Why
do
you
all
hold
it incredible
that
God
should
raise
the
dead?
I
myself,
it
is
true,
once
thought
it
my
duty
to
oppose
in
every
way
the
name
of
Jesus
of
Nazareth;
and
I
actually
did
so
at
Jerusalem.
Acting
on
the
authority
of
the
chief
priests,
I
myself
threw
many
of
the
people
of Christ
into
prison,
and,
when
it
was
proposed
to
put
them
to
death,
I
gave
my
vote
for
it.
Time
after
time,
in
every
synagogue,
I
tried
by
punishments
to
force
them
to
blaspheme.
So frantic
was
I
against
them,
that
I
pursued
them
even
to
towns
beyond
our
borders.
It
was
while
I
was
traveling
to
Damascus
on
an
errand
of
this
kind,
entrusted
with
full
powers
by
the
chief
priests,
that
at
midday,
your
Majesty,
I
saw
right
in
my
path,
coming
from
the
heavens,
a
light
brighter
than
the
glare
of
the
sun,
which
shone
all
around
me
and
those
traveling
with
me.
We
all
fell
to
the
ground,
and
then
I
heard
a
voice
saying
to
me
in
Hebrew –
‘Saul,
Saul,
why
are
you
persecuting
me?
By kicking
against
the
goad
you
are
punishing
yourself.’
‘Who
are
you,
Lord?’
I
asked.
And
the
Lord
said,
‘I
am
Jesus,
whom
you
are
persecuting;
but
get
up
and
stand
upright;
for
I
have
appeared
to
you
in
order
to
appoint
you
a
servant
and
a
witness
of
those revelations
of
me
which
you
have
already
had,
and
of
those
in
which
I
will
yet
appear
to
you,
since
I
am
choosing
you
out
from
your
own
people
and
from
the
Gentiles,
to
whom
I
now
send
you,
to
open
their
eyes,
and
to
turn
them
from
darkness
to
light,
and
from
the
power
of
Satan
to
God;
so
that
they
may
receive
pardon
for
their
sins,
and
a
place
among
those
who
have
become
God’s
people,
by
faith
in
me.’
After
that,
King Agrippa,
I
did
not
fail
to
obey
the
heavenly
vision;
on
the
contrary,
first
to
those
at
Damascus
and
Jerusalem,
and
then
through
the
whole
of
Judea,
and
to
the
Gentiles
as
well,
I
began
to
preach
repentance
and conversion
to
God,
and
a
life befitting
that
repentance.
This
is
why
some
men
seized
me
in
the
Temple,
and
made
attempts
on
my
life.
However
I
have
received
help
from
God
to
this
very
day,
and
so
stand
here,
and
bear
my
testimony
to
high
and
low
alike –
without
adding
a
word
to
what
the
prophets,
as
well
as
Moses,
declared
should
happen –
That
the
Christ
must
suffer,
and
that,
by
rising
from
the
dead,
he
was
destined
to
be
the
first
to
bring
news
of
light,
not
only
to
our
nation,
but
also
to
the
Gentiles.”
While
Paul
was
making
this
defense,
Festus
called
out
loudly, “You
are
mad,
Paul;
your
great
learning
is
driving
you
mad.”
“I
am
not
mad,
your
Excellency,”
he
replied. “On
the
contrary,
the
statements
that
I
am
making
are
true
and
sober.
Indeed,
the
king
knows
about
these
matters,
so
I
speak
before
him
without
constraint.
I
am
sure
that
there
is
nothing
whatever
of
what
I
have
been
telling
him
that
has
escaped
his
attention;
for
all
this
has
not
been
done
in
a
corner.
King Agrippa,
do
you
believe
the
prophets?
I
know
you
do.”
But Agrippa
said
to
Paul, “You
are
soon
trying
to
make
a
Christian
of
me!”
“Whether
it
is
soon
or
late,”
answered
Paul, “I
pray
to
God
that
not
only
you,
but
all
who
are
listening
to
me,
might
today
become
just
what
I
am
myself –
except
for
these
chains!”
Then
the
king
rose,
with
the
Governor
and Bernice
and
those
who
had
been
sitting
with
them,
and,
after retiring, discussed
the
case
among
themselves. “There
is
nothing,”
they
said, “deserving
death
or
imprisonment
in
this
man’s
conduct”;
and,
speaking
to
Festus, Agrippa
added, “The
man
might
have
been
discharged,
if
he
had
not
appealed
to
the Emperor.”
As
it
was
decided
that
we
were
to
sail
to
Italy,
Paul
and
some
other
prisoners
were
put
in
charge
of
a
centurion
of
the
Augustan
Guard,
named
Julius.
We
went
on
board
a
ship
from Adramyttium,
which
was
on
the
point
of
sailing
to
the ports
along
the
coast
of Roman
Asia,
and
put
to
sea. Aristarchus,
a
Macedonian
from
Thessalonica,
went
with
us.
The
next
day
we
put
in
to
Sidon,
where
Julius
treated
Paul
in
a
friendly
manner,
and
allowed
him
to
go
to
see
his
friends
and
receive
their hospitality.
Putting
to
sea
again,
we
sailed
under
the lee
of
Cyprus,
because
the
wind
was
against
us;
and,
after
crossing
the
sea
of
Cilicia
and
Pamphylia,
we
reached
Myra
in
Lycia.
There
the Roman
officer
found
an Alexandrian
ship
on
her
way
to
Italy,
and
put
us
on
board
of
her.
For
several
days
our progress
was
slow,
and
it
was
only
with
difficulty
that
we
arrived
off
Cnidus.
As
the
wind
was
still unfavorable
when
we
came
off Cape
Salmone,
we
sailed
under
the lee
of
Crete,
and
with
difficulty,
by
keeping
close
in
shore,
we
reached
a
place
called ‘Fair Havens,’
near
which
was
the
town
of
Lasea.
This
had
taken
a
considerable
time,
and
sailing
was
already
dangerous,
for
the
Fast
was
already
over;
and
so
Paul
gave
this
warning.
“My
friends,”
he
said, “I
see
that
this
voyage
will
be
attended
with
injury
and
much
damage,
not
only
to
the
cargo
and
the
ship,
but
to
our
own
lives
also.”
The Roman
officer,
however,
was
more
influenced
by
the
captain
and
the
owner
than
by
what
was
said
by
Paul.
And,
as
the
harbor
was
not
a
suitable
one
to
winter
in,
the
majority
were
in
favor
of
continuing
the voyage,
in
hope
of
being
able
to
reach
Phoenix,
and
winter
there.
Phoenix
was
a Cretan
harbor,
open
to
the north-east
and south-east.
So,
when
a
light
wind
sprang
up
from
the
south,
thinking
that
they
had
found
their opportunity,
they
weighed anchor
and
kept
along
the
coast
of
Crete,
close
in
shore.
But
shortly
afterward
a hurricane
came
down
on
us
off
the
land –
a north-easter,
as
it
is
called.
The
ship
was
caught
by
it
and
was
unable
to
keep
her
head
to
the
wind,
so
we
had
to
give
way
and
let
her
drive
before
it.
Running
under
the lee
of
a
small
island
called
Cauda,
we
only
just
managed
to
secure
the ship’s
boat,
and,
after hoisting
it
on
board,
the
men frapped
the
ship.
But,
afraid
of
being
driven
on
to
the
Syrtis Sands,
they
lowered
the yard,
and
then drifted.
So
violently
were
we
tossed
about
by
the
storm,
that
the
next
day
they
began
throwing
the
cargo
overboard,
and,
on
the
following
day,
threw
out
the
ship’s
tackle
with
their
own
hands.
As
neither
sun
nor
stars
were
visible
for
several
days,
and,
as
the
gale
still
continued
severe,
all
hope
of
our
being
saved
was
at
last
abandoned.
It
was
then,
when
they
had
gone
a
long
time
without
food,
that
Paul
came
forward,
and
said, “My
friends,
you
should
have
listened
to
me,
and
not
have
sailed
from
Crete
and
so
incurred
this
injury
and
damage.
Yet,
even
as
things
are,
I
beg
you
not
to
lose
courage,
for
there
will
not
be
a
single
life
lost
among
you –
only
the
ship.
For
last
night
an
angel
of
the
God
to
whom
I
belong,
and
whom
I
serve,
stood
by
me,
and
said –
‘Have
no
fear,
Paul;
you
must
appear
before
the Emperor,
and
God
himself
has
given
you
the
lives
of
all
your
fellow voyagers.’
Therefore,
courage,
my
friends!
For
I
believe
God,
that
everything
will
happen
exactly
as
I
have
been
told.
We
will,
however,
have
to
be
driven
on
some
island.”
It
was
now
the
fourteenth
night
of
the
storm,
and
we
were
drifting
about
in
the Adriatic
Sea,
when,
about
midnight,
the
sailors
began
to suspect
that
they
were
drawing
near
land.
So
they
took
soundings,
and
found
twenty
fathoms
of
water.
After
waiting
a
little,
they
took
soundings
again,
and
found
fifteen
fathoms.
Then,
as
they
were
afraid
of
our
being
driven
on
some
rocky
coast,
they
let
go
four anchors
from
the
stern,
and
longed
for
daylight.
The
sailors
wanted
to
leave
the
ship,
and
had
lowered
the
boat,
on
pretense
of
running
out anchors
from
the
bows,
when
Paul
said
to
the Roman
officer
and
his
men, “Unless
the
sailors
remain
on
board,
you
cannot
be
saved.”
So
the
soldiers
cut
the
ropes
which
held
the
boat,
and
let
her drift
away.
In
the
interval
before
daybreak
Paul
kept
urging
them
all
to
take
something
to
eat.
“It
is
a fortnight
today,”
he
said, “that, owing
to
your
anxiety,
you
have
gone
without
food,
taking
nothing.
So
I
beg
you
to
take
something
to
eat;
your
safety
depends
on
it,
for
not
one
of
you
will
lose
even
a
hair
of
his
head.”
With
these
words
he
took
some
bread,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving
to
God
before
them
all,
broke
it
in
pieces,
and
began
to
eat;
and
the
men
all
felt cheered
and
had
something
to
eat
themselves.
There
were
about
seventy-six
of
us
on
board,
all
told.
After
satisfying
their
hunger,
they
further
lightened
the
ship
by
throwing
the
grain
into
the
sea.
When
daylight
came,
they
could
not
make
out
what
land
it
was,
but,
observing
a
creek
in
which
there
was
a beach,
they
consulted
as
to
whether
they
could
run
the
ship
safely
into
it.
Then
they
cast
off,
and
abandoned
the anchors,
and
at
the
same
time unlashed
the
gear
of
the steering
oars, hoisted
the foresail
to
the
wind,
and
made
for
the beach.
They
got,
however,
into
a
kind
of
channel,
and
there
ran
the
ship
aground.
The
bows
stuck
fast
and
could
not
be
moved,
while
the
stern
began
breaking
up
under
the strain.
The
advice
of
the
soldiers
was
that
the
prisoners
should
be
killed,
so
that
none
of
them
could
swim
away
and
make
their
escape.
But
the Roman
officer,
anxious
to
save
Paul,
prevented
their
carrying
out
their
intention,
and
ordered
that
those
who
could
swim
should
be
the
first
to
jump
into
the
sea
and
try
to
reach
the
shore;
and
that
the
rest
should
follow,
some
on
planks,
and
others
on
different
pieces
of
the
ship.
In
these
various
ways
everyone
managed
to
get
safely
ashore.
When
we
were
all
safe,
we
found
that
the
island
was
called
Malta.
The island’s
people
showed
us
marked
kindness,
for
they
lit
a
fire
and
took
us
all
under
shelter,
because
it
had
come
on
to
rain
and
was
cold.
Paul
had
gathered
a
quantity
of
dry
sticks
and
laid
them
on
the
fire,
when
a
poisonous
snake,
driven
out
by
the
heat,
fastened
on
his
hand.
When
the islanders
saw
the
creature
hanging
from
his
hand,
they
said
to
one
another, “Evidently
this
man
is
a
murderer,
for
though
he
has
been
saved
from
the
sea,
Justice
has
not
allowed
him
to
live.”
However,
Paul
shook
the
creature
off
into
the
fire
and
took
no
harm.
The islanders
were
expecting
inflammation
to
set
in,
or
that
he
would
suddenly
fall
dead;
but,
after
waiting
for
a
long
time,
and
seeing
that
there
was
nothing
amiss
with
him,
they
changed
their
minds
and
said
that
he
was
a
God.
In
that
region
there
was
an
estate
belonging
to
the
Governor
of
the
island,
whose
name
was
Publius.
He
took
us
up
to
his
house,
and
for
three
days
entertained
us
most
courteously.
It
happened
that
the
father
of
Publius
was
lying
ill
of
fever
and
dysentery.
So
Paul
went
to
see
him;
and,
after
praying,
he
placed
his
hands
on
him
and
cured
him.
After
this,
all
the
people
in
the
island
who
had
any
illness
came
to
Paul,
and
were
cured.
They
also
presented
us
with
many
gifts,
and
when
we
set
sail
they
put
supplies
of necessaries
on
board.
After
three
months,
we
set
sail
in
a
ship
that
had
wintered
in
the
island.
She
was
an Alexandrian
vessel,
and
had
the
Twin
sons
of Zeus
for
her figure-head.
We
put
in
at
Syracuse
and
stayed
there
three
days,
and
from
there
we
worked
to windward
and
so
got
to
Rhegium.
A
day
later
a
south
wind
sprang
up
and
took
us
to
Puteoli
in
two
days.
There
we
found
some
of
the
Lord’s
followers,
and
were
urged
to
stay
a
week
with
them;
after
which
we
went
on
to
Rome.
The
followers
there
had
heard
about
us,
and
came
out
as
far
as
the
Market
of Appius
and
the
Three
Taverns
to
meet
us.
At
sight
of
them
Paul
thanked
God
and
was
much cheered.
On
our
reaching
Rome,
Paul
was
allowed
to
live
by
himself,
except
for
the
soldier
who
was
in
charge
of
him.
Three
days
after
our
arrival,
Paul
invited
the
leading
Jews
to
meet
him;
and,
when
they
came,
he
said, “Brothers,
although
I
had
done
nothing
hostile
to
the interests
of
our
nation
or
to
our
ancestral
customs,
yet
I
was
sent
from
Jerusalem
as
a
prisoner,
and
handed
over
to
the
Romans.
The Romans,
when
they
had
examined
me,
were
ready
to
release
me,
because
there
was
nothing
in
my
conduct
deserving
death.
But,
as
the
Jewish
leaders
opposed
my
release,
I
was
compelled
to
appeal
to
the Emperor –
not,
indeed,
that
I
had
any
charge
to
make
against
my
own
nation.
This,
then,
is
my
reason
for
urging
you
to
come
to
see
me
and
talk
with
me;
because
it
is
for
the
sake
of
the
hope
of
Israel
that
I
am
here
in
chains.”
“We,”
was
their
reply, “have
not
had
any
letter
about
you
from
Judea,
nor
have
any
of
our
fellow
Jews
come
and
reported
or
said
anything
bad
about
you.
But
we
will
be
glad
to
hear
from
you
what
your
views
are,
for,
with
regard
to
this sect,
we
are
well
aware
that
it
is
spoken
against
on
all
sides.”
They
then
fixed
a
day
with
him,
and
came
to
the
place
where
he
was
staying,
in
even
larger
numbers,
when
Paul
proceeded
to
lay
the
subject
before
them.
He
bore
his
testimony
to
the
kingdom
of
God,
and
tried
to convince
them
about
Jesus,
by
arguments
drawn
from
the
Law
of
Moses
and
from
the
prophets –
speaking
from
morning
until
evening.
Some
were
inclined
to
accept
what
he
said;
others,
however,
rejected
it.
So,
as
they disagreed
among
themselves,
they
began
to
disperse,
Paul
adding
only –
“True,
indeed,
was
the
declaration
made
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
through
the
prophet
Isaiah
to
your
ancestors –
Go
to
this
nation
and
say:
You
will
hear
with
your
ears
without
ever
understanding,
and,
though
you
have
eyes,
you
will
see
without
ever perceiving.
For
the
mind
of
this
nation
has
grown
dense,
and
their
ears
are
dull
of
hearing,
their
eyes
also
have
they
closed;
otherwise
some
day
they
might
see
with
their
eyes,
and
with
their
ears
they
might
hear,
and
in
their
mind
they
might
understand,
and
might
turn –
and
I
might
heal
them.
Understand,
then,
that
this
salvation
of
God
was
sent
for
the
Gentiles;
and
they
will
listen.”
28.29
Some later manuscripts add: After he said these things the Jews left, all the while engaging in a heated debate among themselves.
For
two
whole
years
Paul
stayed
in
a
house
which
he
rented
for
himself, welcoming
all
who
came
to
see
him,
proclaiming
the
kingdom
of
God,
and
teaching
about
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
with
perfect fearlessness, unhindered.
Romans
Paul’s Letter to the Romans
Romans
Paul’s Letter to the
Romans
Introduction
From
Paul,
a
servant
of
Jesus
Christ,
who
has
been
called
to
become
an apostle,
and
has
been
set
apart
to
tell
God’s
good
news.
This
good
news
God
promised
long
ago
through
his
prophets
in
the
sacred
scriptures,
concerning
his
Son,
Jesus Christ,
our
Lord;
who,
as
to
his
human nature,
was
descended
from
David,
but,
as
to
the
spirit
of
holiness
within
him,
was miraculously
designated
Son
of
God
by
his resurrection
from
the
dead.
Through
him
we
received
the
gift
of
the apostolic
office,
to
win
submission
to
the
faith
among
all
nations
for
the
glory
of
his
name.
And
among
these
nations
are
you –
you
who
have
been
called
to
belong
to
Jesus
Christ.
To
all
in
Rome
who
are
dear
to
God
and
have
been
called
to
become
Christ’s
people,
may
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
First,
I
thank
my
God
through
Jesus
Christ
for
you
all,
because
the
report
of
your
faith
is
spreading
throughout
the
world.
God,
to
whom
I
offer
the
worship
of
my
soul
as
I
tell
the
goodness
of
his
Son,
is
my
witness
how
constantly
I
mention
you
when
I
pray,
asking
that,
if
he
be
willing,
I
may
some
day
at
last
find
the
way
open
to
visit
you.
For
I
long
to
see
you,
in
order
to
impart
to
you
some
spiritual
gift
and
so
give
you
fresh
strength –
or
rather
that
both
you
and
I
may
find
encouragement
in
each other’s
faith.
I
want
you
to
know,
my
friends,
that
I
have
many
times
intended
coming
to
see
you –
but
until
now
I
have
been
prevented –
that
I
might
find
among
you
some
fruit
of
my
labors,
as
I
have
already
among
the
other
nations.
Faith
the
Ground
of
Acceptance
I
have
a
duty
to
both
the
Greek
and
the barbarian,
to
both
the cultured
and
the
ignorant.
And
so,
for
my
part,
I
am
ready
to
tell
the
good
news
to
you
also
who
are
in
Rome.
For
I
am
not
ashamed
of
the
good
news;
it
is
the
power
of
God
which
brings
salvation
to
everyone
who
believes,
to
the
Jew
first,
but
also
to
the
Greek.
For
in
it
there
is
a
revelation
of
the
divine
righteousness
resulting
from
faith
and
leading
on
to
faith;
as
scripture
says – ‘Through
faith
the
righteous
will
find
life.’
So,
too,
there
is
a
revelation
from
heaven
of
the
divine
wrath
against
every
form
of
ungodliness
and
wickedness
on
the
part
of
those
people
who,
by
their
wicked
lives,
are stifling
the
truth.
This
is
so,
because
what
can
be
known
about
God
is
plain
to
them;
for
God
himself
has
made
it
plain.
For
ever
since
the
creation
of
the universe
God’s invisible attributes –
his
everlasting
power
and divinity –
are
to
be
seen
and
studied
in
his
works,
so
that
people
have
no excuse;
because,
although
they
learned
to
know
God,
yet
they
did
not
offer
him
as
God
either
praise
or
thanksgiving.
Their
speculations
about
him
proved
futile,
and
their undiscerning
minds
were
darkened.
Professing
to
be
wise,
they
showed
themselves
fools;
and
they
transformed
the
glory
of
the immortal
God
into
the
likeness
of
mortal humans,
and
of
birds,
and
beasts,
and
reptiles.
Therefore
God
abandoned
them
to
impurity,
letting
them
follow
the cravings
of
their
hearts,
until
they
dishonored
their
own
bodies;
for
they
had substituted
a
lie
for
the
truth
about
God,
and
had
reverenced
and
worshiped
created
things
more
than
the
Creator,
who
is
to
be
praised
for
ever.
Amen.
That,
I
say,
is
why
God
abandoned
them
to degrading
passions.
Even
the
women
among
them
perverted
the
natural
use
of
their
bodies
to
the
unnatural;
while
the
men, disregarding
that
for
which
women
were
intended
by nature,
were
consumed
with
passion
for
one
another.
Men indulged
in
vile
practices
with
men,
and
incurred
in
their
own
persons
the inevitable
penalty
for
their
perverseness.
Then,
as
they
would
not
keep
God
before
their
minds,
God
abandoned
them
to
depraved
thoughts,
so
that
they
did
all
kinds
of
shameful
things.
They
reveled
in
every
form
of
wickedness,
evil,
greed, vice.
Their
lives
were
full
of
envy,
murder,
quarreling,
treachery,
malice.
They
became back-biters,
slanderers, impious,
insolent,
boastful.
They
devised
new
sins.
They
disobeyed
their
parents.
They
were undiscerning, untrustworthy,
without
natural
affection
or
pity.
Well
aware
of
God’s
decree,
that
those
who
do
such
things
deserve
to
die,
not
only
are
they
guilty
of
them
themselves,
but
they
even
applaud
those
who
do
them.
Therefore
you
have
nothing
to
say
in
your
own
defense,
whoever
you
are
who
set
yourself
up
as
a
judge.
In
judging
others
you
condemn
yourself,
for
you
who
set
yourself
up
as
a
judge
do
the
very
same
things.
And
we
know
that
God’s
judgment
falls unerringly
on
those
who
do
them.
You
who
judge
those
that
do
such
things
and
yet
are
yourself
guilty
of
them –
do
you
suppose
that
you
of
all
people
will
escape
God’s
judgment?
Or
do
you
think
lightly
of
his
abundant
kindness,
patience,
and
forbearance,
not realizing
that
his
kindness
is
meant
to
lead
you
to
repentance?
Hard-hearted
and impenitent
as
you
are,
you
are
storing
up
for
yourself
wrath
on
the
day
of
wrath,
when
God’s
justice
as
a
judge
will
be
revealed;
for
he
will
give
to
everyone
what
their
actions
deserve.
To
those
who,
by
perseverance
in
doing
good,
aim
at
glory,
honor,
and
all
that
is imperishable,
he
will
give immortal
life;
while
as
to
those
who
are factious,
and
disobedient
to
truth
but
obedient
to
evil,
wrath
and
anger,
distress
and
despair,
will
fall
on
every
human
being
who
persists
in
wrongdoing –
on
the
Jew
first,
but
also
on
the
Greek.
But
there
will
be
glory,
honor,
and
peace
for
everyone
who
does
right –
for
the
Jew
first,
but
also
for
the
Greek,
since
God
shows
no
partiality.
All
who,
when
they
sin,
are
without
Law
will
also
perish
without
Law;
while
all
who,
when
they
sin,
are
under
Law,
will
be
judged
as
being
under
Law.
It
is
not
those
who
hear
the
words
of
a
Law
that
are
righteous
before
God,
but
it
is
those
who
obey
it
that
will
be
pronounced
righteous.
When
Gentiles,
who
have
no
Law,
do
instinctively
what
the
Law
requires,
they,
though
they
have
no
Law,
are
a
Law
to
themselves;
for
they
show
the
demands
of
the
Law
written
on
their
hearts;
their
consciences corroborating
it,
while
in
their
thoughts
they
argue
either
in self-accusation
or,
it
may
be,
in self-defense –
on
the
day
when
God
passes
judgment
on
people’s
inmost
lives,
as
the
good
news
that
I
tell
declares
that
he
will
do
through
Christ
Jesus.
But,
perhaps,
you
bear
the
name
of ‘Jew,’
and
are relying
on
Law,
and
boast
of belonging
to
God,
and
understand
his
will,
and,
having
been
carefully
instructed
from
the
Law,
have
learned
to appreciate
the
finer
moral distinctions.
Perhaps
you
are
confident
that
you
are
a
guide
to
the
blind,
a
light
to
those
who
are
in
the
dark,
an instructor
of
the unintelligent,
and
a
teacher
of
the
childish,
because
in
the
Law
you
possess
the outline
of
all
knowledge
and
truth.
Why,
then,
you
teacher
of
others,
don’t
you
teach
yourself?
Do
you
preach
against
stealing,
and
yet
steal?
Do
you
forbid
adultery,
and
yet
commit
adultery?
Do
you
loathe
idols,
and
yet
plunder
temples?
Boasting,
as
you
do,
of
your
Law,
do
you
dishonor
God
by
breaking
the
Law?
For,
as
scripture
says – ‘The
Gentiles
insult
God’s
name
because
of you’!
Circumcision
has
its
value,
if
you
are
obeying
the
Law.
But,
if
you
are
a
breaker
of
the
Law,
your
circumcision
is
no
better
than uncircumcision.
If,
then,
an
uncircumcised
man
pays
regard
to
the
requirements
of
the
Law,
won’t
he,
although
not
circumcised,
be
regarded
by
God
as
if
he
were?
Indeed,
the
person
who, owing
to
his
birth,
remains
uncircumcised,
and
yet scrupulously
obeys
the
Law,
will
condemn
you,
who,
for
all
your
written
Law
and
your
circumcision,
are
yet
a
breaker
of
the
Law.
For
a
man
who
is
only
a
Jew
outwardly
is
not
a real
Jew;
nor
is
outward
bodily
circumcision real
circumcision.
The real
Jew
is
the
person
who
is
a
Jew
in
soul;
and
the real
circumcision
is
the
circumcision
of
the
heart,
a
spiritual
and
not
a literal
thing.
Such
a
person
wins
praise
from
God,
though
not
from
people.
What
is
the
advantage,
then,
of
being
a
Jew?
Or
what
is
the
good
of
circumcision?
Great
in
every
way.
First
of
all,
because
the
Jews
were
entrusted
with
God’s
utterances.
What
follows
then?
Some,
no
doubt,
showed
a
want
of
faith;
but
will
their
want
of
faith
make
God
break
faith?
Heaven
forbid!
God
must
prove
true,
though
everyone
prove
a
liar!
As
scripture
says
of
God – ‘That
you
may
be
pronounced
righteous
in
what
you
say,
and
gain
your
cause
when
people
would
judge
you.’
But
what
if
our
wrongdoing
makes
God’s
righteousness
all
the
clearer?
Will
God
be
wrong
in inflicting
punishment? (I
can
but
speak
as
a
person.)
Heaven
forbid!
Otherwise
how
can
God
judge
the
world?
But,
if
my
falsehood redounds
to
the
glory
of
God,
by
making
his truthfulness
more apparent,
why
am
I
like
others,
still
condemned
as
a
sinner?
Why
should
we
not
say –
as
some
people slanderously
assert
that
we
do
say – ‘Let
us
do
evil
that
good
may come’?
The
condemnation
of
such
people
is
indeed
just!
What
follows,
then?
Are
we
Jews
in
any
way
superior
to
others?
Not
at
all.
Our
indictment
against
both
Jews
and
Greeks
was
that
all
alike
were
in
subjection
to
sin.
As
scripture
says –
‘There
is
not
even
one
who
is
righteous,
not
one
who
understands,
not
one
who
is
searching
for
God!
They
have
all
gone
astray;
they
have
one
and
all
become
depraved;
there
is
no
one
who
is
doing
good –
no,
not
one!’
‘Their
throats
are
like
opened
graves;
they
deceive
with
their
tongues.’
‘The
venom
of
snakes
lies
behind
their
lips,’
‘And
their
mouths
are
full
of
bitter
curses.’
‘Swift
are
their
feet
to
shed
blood.
Distress
and
trouble
dog
their
steps,
and
the
path
of
peace
they
do
not
know.’
‘The
fear
of
God
is
not
before
their
eyes.’
Now
we
know
that
everything
said
in
the
Law
is
addressed
to
those
who
are
under
its
authority,
in
order
that
every
mouth
may
be
closed,
and
to
bring
the
whole
world
under
God’s
judgment.
For
no
human
being
will
be
pronounced
righteous
before
God
as
the
result
of
obedience
to
Law;
for
it
is
Law
that
shows
what
sin
is.
But
now,
quite
apart
from
Law,
the
divine
righteousness
stands
revealed,
and
to
it
the
Law
and
the
prophets
bear
witness –
the
divine
righteousness
which
is
bestowed,
through
faith
in
Jesus
Christ,
on
all,
without
distinction,
who
believe
in
him.
For
all
have
sinned,
and
all
fall
short
of
God’s
glorious ideal,
but,
in
his
loving
kindness,
are
being
freely
pronounced
righteous
through
the
deliverance
found
in
Christ
Jesus.
For
God
set
him
before
the
world,
to
be,
by
the
shedding
of
his
blood,
a
means
of
reconciliation
through
faith.
And
this
God
did
to
prove
his
righteousness,
and
because,
in
his
forbearance,
he
had
passed
over
the
sins
that
people
had
previously
committed;
as
a
proof,
I
repeat,
at
the
present
time,
of
his
own
righteousness,
that
he
might
be
righteous
in
our
eyes,
and
might
pronounce
righteous
the
person
who
takes
their
stand
on
faith
in
Jesus.
What,
then,
becomes
of
our
boasting?
It
is
excluded.
By
what
sort
of
Law?
A
Law
requiring
obedience?
No,
a
Law
requiring
faith.
For
we conclude
that
a
person
is
pronounced
righteous
on
the
ground
of
faith,
quite
apart
from
obedience
to
Law.
Or
can
it
be
that
God
is
the
God
only
of
the
Jews?
Isn’t
he
also
the
God
of
the
Gentiles?
Yes,
of
the
Gentiles
also,
since
there
is
only
one
God,
and
he
will
pronounce
those
who
are
circumcised
righteous
as
the
result
of
faith,
and
also
those
who
are
uncircumcised
on
their
showing
the
same
faith.
Do
we,
then,
use
this
faith
to
abolish
Law?
Heaven
forbid!
No,
we
establish
Law.
What
then,
it
may
be
asked,
are
we
to
say
about
Abraham,
the
ancestor
of
our
nation?
If
he
was
pronounced
righteous
as
the
result
of
obedience,
then
he
has
something
to
boast
of.
Yes,
but
not
before
God.
For
what
are
the
words
of
scripture? ‘Abraham
had
faith
in
God,
and
his
faith
was
regarded
by
God
as
righteousness.’
Now
wages
are
regarded
as
due
to
the
person
who
works,
not
as
a
favor,
but
as
a
debt;
while,
as
for
the
person
who
does
not
rely
on
their
obedience,
but
has
faith
in
him
who
can
pronounce
the
godless
righteous,
their
faith
is
regarded
by
God
as
righteousness.
In
precisely
the
same
way
David
speaks
of
the
blessing
pronounced
on
the
person
who
is
regarded
by
God
as
righteous
apart
from
actions –
‘Blessed
are
those
whose wrongdoings
have
been
forgiven
and
over
whose
sins
a
veil
has
been
drawn!
Blessed
the
man
whom
the
Lord
will
never
regard
as
sinful!’
Is
this
blessing,
then,
pronounced
on
the
circumcised
only
or
on
the
uncircumcised
as
well?
We
say
that – ‘Abraham’s
faith
was
regarded
by
God
as
righteousness.’
Under
what
circumstances,
then,
did
this
take
place?
After
his
circumcision
or
before
it?
Not
after,
but
before.
And
it
was
as
a
sign
of
this
that
he
received
the
rite
of
circumcision –
to
show
the
righteousness
due
to
the
faith
of
an
uncircumcised
man –
in
order
that
he
might
be
the
father
of
all
who
have
faith
in
God
even
when
uncircumcised,
so
that
they
also
may
be
regarded
by
God
as
righteous;
as
well
as
father
of
the
circumcised –
to
those
who
are
not
only
circumcised,
but
who
also
follow
our
father
Abraham
in
that
faith
which
he
had
while
still
uncircumcised.
For
the
promise
that
he
should
inherit
the
world
did
not
come
to
Abraham
or
his
descendants
through
Law,
but
through
the
righteousness
due
to
faith.
If
those
who
take
their
stand
on
Law
are
to
inherit
the
world,
then
faith
is
robbed
of
its
meaning
and
the
promise
comes
to
nothing!
Law entails
punishment;
but,
where
no
Law
exists,
no
breach
of
it
is possible.
That
is
why
everything
is
made
to
depend
on
faith:
so
that
everything
may
be
God’s
gift,
and
in
order
that
the
fulfillment
of
the
promise
may
be
made
certain
for
all
Abraham’s
descendants –
not
only
for
those
who
take
their
stand
on
the
Law,
but
also
for
those
who
take
their
stand
on
the
faith
of
Abraham. (He
is
the
father
of
us
all;
as
scripture
says – ‘I
have
made
you
the
father
of
many
nations.’)
And
this
they
do
in
the
sight
of
that
God
in
whom
Abraham
had
faith,
and
who
gives
life
to
the
dead,
and
speaks
of
what
does
not
yet
exist
as
if
it
did.
With
no
ground
for
hope,
Abraham,
sustained
by
hope,
put
faith
in
God;
in
order
that,
in
fulfillment
of
the
words – ‘So
many
will
your
descendants
be,’
he
might
become ‘the
father
of
many
nations.’
Though
he
was
nearly
a
hundred
years
old,
yet
his
faith
did
not
fail
him,
even
when
he
thought
of
his
own
body,
then
utterly
worn
out,
and
remembered
that
Sarah
was
past
bearing
children.
He
was
not
led
by
want
of
faith
to
doubt
God’s
promise.
On
the
contrary,
his
faith
gave
him
strength;
and
he
praised
God,
in
the
firm conviction
that
what
God
has
promised
he
is
also
able
to
carry
out.
And
therefore
his
faith ‘was
regarded
as
righteousness.’
Now
these
words – ‘it
was
regarded
as
righteousness’ –
were
not
written
with reference
to
Abraham
only;
but
also
with reference
to
us.
Our
faith,
too,
will
be
regarded
by
God
in
the
same
light,
if
we
have
faith
in
him
who
raised
Jesus,
our
Lord,
from
the
dead;
for
Jesus
was
given
up
to
death
to
atone
for
our
offenses,
and
was
raised
to
life
that
we
might
be
pronounced
righteous.
Therefore,
having
been
pronounced
righteous
as
the
result
of
faith,
let
us
enjoy
peace
with
God
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord.
It
is
through
him
that,
by
reason
of
our
faith,
we
have
obtained admission
to
that
place
in
God’s
favor
in
which
we
now
stand.
So
let
us
exult
in
our
hope
of
attaining
God’s
glorious ideal.
And
not
only
that,
but
let
us
also
exult
in
our
troubles;
for
we
know
that
trouble develops
endurance,
and
endurance
strength
of
character,
and
strength
of
character
hope,
and
that
hope
never
disappoints.
For
the
love
of
God
has
filled
our
hearts
through
the
Holy
Spirit
which
was
given
us;
seeing
that,
while
we
were
still
powerless,
Christ,
in
God’s
good
time,
died
on
behalf
of
the
godless.
Even
for
an
upright
person
scarcely
anyone
will
die.
For
a
really
good
person
perhaps
someone
might
even
dare
to
die.
But
God
puts
his
love
for
us
beyond
all
doubt
by
the
fact
that
Christ
died
on
our
behalf
while
we
were
still
sinners.
Much
more,
then,
now
that
we
have
been
pronounced
righteous
by virtue
of
the
shedding
of
his
blood,
will
we
be
saved
through
him
from
the
wrath
of
God.
For
if,
when
we
were
God’s
enemies,
we
were
reconciled
to
him
through
the
death
of
his
Son,
much
more,
now
that
we
have
become
reconciled,
will
we
be
saved
by virtue
of Christ’s
life.
And
not
only
that,
but
we
exult
in
God,
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord,
through
whom
we
have
now
obtained
this
reconciliation.
Therefore,
just
as
sin
came
into
the
world
through
one
man,
and
through
sin
came
death;
so,
also,
death
spread
to
all
humanity,
because
every
person
has
sinned.
Even
before
the
time
of
the
Law
there
was
sin
in
the
world;
but
sin
cannot
be
charged
against
someone
where
no
Law
exists.
Yet,
from
Adam
to
Moses,
death
reigned
even
over
those
whose
sin
was
not
a
breach
of
a
law,
as Adam’s
was.
And
Adam foreshadows
the
one
to
come.
But
there
is
a contrast
between Adam’s
offense
and
God’s
gracious
gift.
For,
if
by
reason
of
the
offense
of
the
one
man
the
whole
human
race
died,
far
more
were
the
loving
kindness
of
God,
and
the
gift
given
in
the
loving
kindness
of
the
one
man,
Jesus
Christ,
lavished
on
the
whole
human
race.
There
is
a contrast,
too,
between
the
gift
and
the
results
of
the
one
man’s
sin.
The
judgment,
which
followed
on
the
one
man’s
sin,
resulted
in
condemnation,
but
God’s
gracious
gift,
which
followed
on
many
offenses,
resulted
in
a
decree
of
righteousness.
For
if,
by
reason
of
the
offense
of
the
one
man,
death
reigned
through
that
one
man,
far
more
will
those,
on
whom
God’s
loving
kindness
and
his
gift
of
righteousness
are
lavished,
find
life,
and
reign
through
the
one
man,
Jesus
Christ.
Briefly
then,
just
as
a
single
offense
resulted
for
all
humanity
in
condemnation,
so,
too,
a
single
decree
of
righteousness
resulted
for
all
humanity
in
that
declaration
of
righteousness
which
brings
life.
For,
as
through
the
disobedience
of
the
one
man
the
whole
human
race
was
rendered
sinful,
so,
too,
through
the
obedience
of
the
one,
the
whole
human
race
will
be
rendered
righteous.
Law
was
introduced
in
order
that
offenses
might
be
multiplied.
But,
where
sins
were
multiplied,
the
loving
kindness
of
God
was
lavished
the
more,
in
order
that,
just
as
sin
had
reigned
in
the
realm
of
death,
so,
too,
might loving-kindness
reign
through
righteousness,
and
result
in
eternal
life,
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord.
Difficulties arising from this Teaching
What
are
we
to
say,
then?
Are
we
to
continue
to
sin,
in
order
that
God’s
loving
kindness
may
be
multiplied?
Heaven
forbid!
We
became
dead
to
sin,
so
how
can
we
go
on
living
in
it?
Or
can
it
be
that
you
do
not
know
that
all
of
us,
who
were baptized
into
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
in
our baptism
shared
his
death?
Consequently,
through
sharing
his
death
in
our baptism,
we
were
buried
with
him;
so
that,
just
as
Christ
was
raised
from
the
dead
by
a manifestation
of
the
Father’s
power,
so
we
also
may
live
a
new
life.
If
we
have
become
united
with
him
by
the
act symbolic
of
his
death,
surely
we
will
also
become
united
with
him
by
the
act symbolic
of
his resurrection.
We
recognize
the
truth
that
our
old self
was
crucified
with Christ,
in
order
that
the
body,
the
stronghold
of
sin,
might
be
rendered
powerless,
so
that
we
should
no
longer
be
slaves
to
sin.
For
the
man
who
has
so
died
has
been
pronounced
righteous
and
released
from
sin.
And
our
belief
is,
that,
as
we
have
shared
Christ’s
death,
we
will
also
share
his
life.
We
know,
indeed,
that
Christ,
having
once
risen
from
the
dead,
will
not
die
again.
Death
has
power
over
him
no
longer.
For
the
death
that
he
died
was
a
death
to
sin,
once
and
for
all.
But
the
life
that
he
now
lives,
he
lives
for
God.
So
let
it
be
with
you –
regard
yourselves
as
dead
to
sin,
but
as
living
for
God,
through
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
Therefore
do
not
let
sin
reign
in
your
mortal
bodies
and
compel
you
to
obey
its cravings.
Do
not
offer
any
part
of
your
bodies
to
sin,
in
the
cause
of
unrighteousness,
but
once
for
all
offer
yourselves
to
God (as
those
who,
though
once
dead,
now
have
life),
and
devote
every
part
of
your
bodies
to
the
cause
of
righteousness.
For
sin
will
not
lord
it
over
you.
You
are
living
under
the
reign,
not
of
Law,
but
of
love.
What
follows,
then?
Are
we
to
sin
because
we
are
living
under
the
reign
of
love
and
not
of
Law?
Heaven
forbid!
Surely
you
know
that
when
you
offer
yourselves
as
servants,
to
obey
anyone,
you
are
the
servants
of
the
person
whom
you
obey,
whether
the
service
be
a
service
to
sin
which
leads
to
death,
or
a
service
to
duty
which
leads
to
righteousness.
God
be
thanked
that,
though
you
were
once
servants
of
sin,
yet
you
learned
to
give
hearty
obedience
to
that
form
of
doctrine
under
which
you
were
placed.
Set
free
from
the
control
of
sin,
you
became
servants
to
righteousness.
I
can
but
speak
as
people
do
because
of
the
weakness
of
your
earthly nature.
Once
you
offered
every
part
of
your
bodies
to
the
service
of
impurity,
and
of
wickedness,
which
leads
to
further
wickedness.
Now,
in
the
same
way,
offer
them
to
the
service
of
righteousness,
which
leads
to
holiness.
While
you
were
still
servants
of
sin,
you
were
free
as
regards
righteousness.
But
what
were
the
fruits
that
you
reaped
from
those
things
of
which
you
are
now
ashamed?
For
the
end
of
such
things
is
death.
But
now
that
you
have
been
set
free
from
the
control
of
sin,
and
have
become
servants
to
God,
the
fruit
that
you
reap
is
an
ever
increasing
holiness,
and
the
end
eternal
life.
The
wages
of
sin
are
death,
but
the
gift
of
God
is
eternal
life,
through
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord.
Surely,
friends,
you
know (for
I
am
speaking
to
people
who
know
what
Law
means)
that
Law
has
power
over
a
person
only
as
long
as
they
lives.
For
example,
by
law
a
married
woman
is
bound
to
her
husband
while
he
is
living;
but,
if
her
husband
dies,
she
is
set
free
from
the
law
that
bound
her
to
him.
If,
then,
during
her
husband’s
lifetime,
she unites
herself
to
another
man,
she
will
be
called
an
adulteress;
but,
if
her
husband
dies,
the
law
has
no
further
hold
on
her,
nor,
if
she unites
herself
to
another
man,
is
she
an
adulteress.
And
so
with
you,
my
friends;
as
far
as
the
Law
was
concerned,
you underwent
death
in
the crucified
body
of
the
Christ,
so
that
you
might
be
united
to
another,
to
him
who
was
raised
from
the
dead,
in
order
that
our
lives
might
bear
fruit
for
God.
When
we
were
living
merely
earthly
lives,
our
sinful
passions,
aroused
by
the
Law,
were active
in
every
part
of
our
bodies,
with
the
result
that
our
lives
bore
fruit
for
death.
But
now
we
are
set
free
from
the
Law,
because
we
are
dead
to
that
which
once
kept
us
under
restraint;
and
so
we
serve
under
new,
spiritual
conditions,
and
not
under
old,
written
regulations.
What
are
we
to
say,
then?
That
Law
and
sin
are
the
same
thing?
Heaven
forbid!
On
the
contrary,
I
should
not
have
learned
what
sin
is,
had
not
it
been
for
Law.
If
the
Law
did
not
say ‘You
must
not
covet,’
I
should
not
know
what
it
is
to
covet.
But
sin
took
advantage
of
the
commandment
to
arouse
in
me
every
form
of
covetousness,
for
where
there
is
no consciousness
of
Law
sin
shows
no
sign
of
life.
There
was
a
time
when
I
myself, unconscious
of
Law,
was
alive;
but
when
the
commandment
was
brought
home
to
me,
sin
sprang
into
life,
while
I
died!
The
commandment
that
should
have
meant
life
I
found
to
result
in
death!
Sin
took
advantage
of
the
commandment
to
deceive
me,
and
used
it
to
bring
about
my
death.
And
so
the
Law
is
holy,
and
each
commandment
is
also
holy,
and
just,
and
good.
Did,
then,
a
thing,
which
in
itself
was
good,
involve
death
in
my
case?
Heaven
forbid!
It
was
sin
that involved
death;
so
that,
by
its
use
of
what
I
regarded
as
good
to
bring
about
my
death,
its
true nature
might
appear;
and
in
this
way
the
commandment
showed
how
intensely
sinful
sin
is.
We
know
that
the
Law
is
spiritual,
but
I
am earthly –
sold
into
slavery
to
sin.
I
do
not
understand
my
own
actions.
For
I
am
so
far
from habitually
doing
what
I
want
to
do,
that
I
find
myself
doing
the
thing
that
I
hate.
But
when
I
do
what
I
want
not
to
do,
I
am
admitting
that
the
Law
is
right.
This
being
so,
the
action
is
no
longer
my
own,
but
is
done
by
the
sin
which
is
within
me.
I
know
that
there
is
nothing
good
in
me –
I
mean
in
my
earthly nature.
For,
although
it
is
easy
for
me
to
want
to
do
right,
to
act
rightly
is
not
easy.
I
fail
to
do
the
good
thing
that
I
want
to
do,
but
the
bad
thing
that
I
want
not
to
do –
that
I habitually
do.
But,
when
I
do
the
thing
that
I
want
not
to
do,
the
action
is
no
longer
my
own,
but
is
done
by
the
sin
which
is
within
me.
This,
then,
is
the
law
that
I
find –
when
I
want
to
do
right,
wrong
presents
itself!
At
heart
I
delight
in
the
Law
of
God;
but
throughout
my
body
I
see
a
different
law,
one
which
is
in
conflict
with
the
law
accepted
by
my
reason,
and
which endeavors
to
make
me
a
prisoner
to
that
law
of
sin
which
exists
throughout
my
body.
Miserable
man
that
I
am!
Who
will
deliver
me
from
the
body
that
is
bringing
me
to
this
death?
Thank
God,
there
is
deliverance
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord!
Well
then,
for
myself,
with
my
reason
I
serve
the
Law
of
God,
but
with
my
earthly nature
the
Law
of
sin.
There
is,
therefore,
now
no
condemnation
for
those
who
are
in
union
with
Christ
Jesus;
for
through
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
the
Law
of
the
life-giving
Spirit
has
set
you
free
from
the
Law
of
sin
and
death.
What
Law
could
not
do,
in
so
far
as
our
earthly nature
weakened
its
action,
God
did,
by
sending
his
own
Son,
with
a nature
resembling
our
sinful nature,
to
atone
for
sin.
He
condemned
sin
in
that
earthly nature,
so
that
the
requirements
of
the
Law
might
be
satisfied
in
us
who
live
now
in
obedience,
not
to
our
earthly nature,
but
to
the
Spirit.
They
who
follow
their
earthly nature
are earthly-minded,
while
they
who
follow
the
Spirit
are
spiritually
minded.
To
be earthly-minded
means
death,
to
be
spiritually
minded
means
life
and
peace;
because
to
be earthly-minded
is
to
be
an
enemy
to
God,
for
such
a
mind
does
not
submit
to
the
Law
of
God,
nor
indeed
can
it
do
so.
They
who
are
earthly
cannot
please
God.
You,
however,
are
not
earthly
but
spiritual,
since
the
Spirit
of
God
lives
within
you.
Unless
a
person
has
the
Spirit
of
Christ,
they
do
not
belong
to
Christ;
but,
if
Christ
is
within
you,
then,
though
the
body
is
dead
as
a consequence
of
sin,
the
spirit
is
life
as
a consequence
of
righteousness.
And,
if
the
Spirit
of
him
who
raised
Jesus
from
the
dead
lives
within
you,
he
who
raised
Christ
Jesus
from
the
dead
will
give
life
even
to
your
mortal
bodies,
through
his
Spirit
living
within
you.
So
then,
friends,
we owe
nothing
to
our
earthly nature,
that
we
should
live
in
obedience
to
it.
If
you
live
in
obedience
to
your
earthly nature,
you
will inevitably
die;
but
if,
by
the
power
of
the
Spirit,
you
put
an
end
to
the
evil habits
of
the
body,
you
will
live.
All
who
are
guided
by
the
Spirit
of
God
are
children
of
God.
For
you
did
not
receive
the
spirit
of
a
slave,
to
fill
you
once
more
with
fear,
but
the
spirit
of
a
child
by
adoption,
which
leads
us
to
cry ‘Abba,
our
Father.’
The
Spirit
himself unites
with
our
spirits
in
bearing
witness
to
our
being
God’s
children,
and
if
children,
then
heirs –
heirs
of
God,
and
joint
heirs
with
Christ,
since
we
share
Christ’s
sufferings
in
order
that
we
may
also
share
his
glory.
I
do
not
count
the
sufferings
of
our
present
life
worthy
of
mention
when
compared
with
the
glory
that
is
to
be
revealed
and
bestowed
on
us.
All nature
awaits
with
eager
expectation
the
appearing
of
the
sons
of
God.
For nature
was
made
subject
to imperfection –
not
by
its
own
choice,
but owing
to
him
who
made
it
so –
yet
not
without
the
hope
that
some
day nature,
also,
will
be
set
free
from enslavement
to
decay,
and
will
attain
to
the
freedom
which
will
mark
the
glory
of
the
children
of
God.
We
know,
indeed,
that
all nature
alike
has
been
groaning
in
the
pains
of
labor
to
this
very
hour.
And
not nature
only;
but
we
ourselves
also,
though
we
have
already
a
first
gift
of
the
Spirit –
we
ourselves
are
inwardly
groaning,
while
we
eagerly await
our
full
adoption
as
sons –
the
redemption
of
our
bodies.
By
our
hope
we
were
saved.
But
the
thing
hoped
for
is
no
longer
an
object
of
hope
when
it
is
before
our
eyes;
for
who
hopes
for
what
is
before
his
eyes?
But
when
we
hope
for
what
is
not
before
our
eyes,
then
we
wait
for
it
with
patience.
So,
also,
the
Spirit
supports
us
in
our
weakness.
We
do
not
even
know
how
to
pray
as
we
should;
but
the
Spirit
himself
pleads
for
us
in
sighs
that
can
find
no
utterance.
Yet
he
who
searches
all
our
hearts
knows
what
the Spirit’s
meaning
is,
because
the
pleadings
of
the
Spirit
for Christ’s
people
are
in
accordance
with
his
will.
But
we
do
know
that
God
causes
all
things
to
work
together
for
the
good
of
those
who
love
him –
those
who
have
received
the
call
in
accordance
with
his
purpose.
For
those
whom
God
chose
from
the
first
he
also
destined
from
the
first
to
be
transformed
into
likeness
to
his
Son,
so
that
his
Son
might
be
the
eldest
among
many
brothers
and
sisters.
And
those
whom
God
destined
for
this
he
also
called;
and
those
whom
he
called
he
also
pronounced
righteous;
and
those
whom
he
pronounced
righteous
he
also
brought
to
glory.
What
are
we
to
say,
then,
in
the
light
of
all
this?
If
God
is
on
our
side,
who
can
there
be
against
us?
God
did
not
withhold
his
own
Son,
but
gave
him
up
on
behalf
of
us
all;
will
he
not,
then,
with
him,
freely
give
us
all
things?
Who
will
bring
a
charge
against
any
of
God’s
people?
He
who
pronounces
them
righteous
is
God!
Who
is
there
to
condemn
them?
He
who
died
for
us
is
Christ
Jesus! –
or,
rather,
it
was
he
who
was
raised
from
the
dead,
and
who
is
now
at
God’s
right
hand
and
is
even
pleading
on
our
behalf!
Who
is
there
to
separate
us
from
the
love
of
the
Christ?
Will
trouble,
or
difficulty,
or
persecution,
or
hunger,
or
nakedness,
or
danger,
or
the
sword?
Scripture
says – ‘For
your
sake
we
are
being
killed
all
the
day
long,
We
are
regarded
as
sheep
to
be
slaughtered.’
Yet
amid
all
these
things
we
more
than
conquer
through
him
who
loved
us!
For
I
am
persuaded
that
neither
death,
nor
life,
nor
angels,
nor archangels,
nor
the
present,
nor
the
future,
nor
any
powers,
nor
height,
nor
depth,
nor
any
other
created
thing,
will
be
able
to
separate
us
from
the
love
of
God
revealed
in
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord!
Gentiles and Jews
I
am
speaking
the
truth
as
one
in
union
with
Christ;
it
is
no
lie;
and
my
conscience,
enlightened
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
bears
me
out
when
I
say
that
there
is
a
great
weight
of
sorrow
on
me
and
that
my
heart
is
never
free
from
pain.
I
could
wish
that
I
were
myself
accursed
and
severed
from
the
Christ,
for
the
sake
of
my
people –
my
own
flesh
and
blood.
For
they
are
Israelites,
and
theirs
are
the
adoption
as
children,
the
visible
presence,
the
covenants,
the
revealed
Law,
the
Temple
worship,
and
the
promises.
They
are
descended
from
the patriarchs,
and,
as
far
as
his
human nature
was
concerned,
from
them
came
the
Christ –
he
who
is supreme
over
all
things,
God
for
ever
blessed.
Amen.
Not
that
God’s
Word
has
failed.
For
it
is
not
all
who
are
descended
from
Israel
who
are
true
Israelites;
nor,
because
they
are
Abraham’s
descendants,
are
they
all
his
children;
but – ‘It
is
Isaac’s
children
who
will
be
called
your
descendants.’
This
means
that
it
is
not
the
children
born
in
the
course
of nature
who
are
God’s
children,
but
it
is
the
children
born
in
fulfillment
of
the
promise
who
are
to
be
regarded
as
Abraham’s
descendants.
For
these
words
are
the
words
of
a
promise – ‘About
this
time
I
will
come,
and
Sarah
will
have
a
son.’
Nor
is
that
all.
There
is
also
the
case
of
Rebecca,
when
she
was
about
to
bear
children
to
our
ancestor
Isaac.
For
in
order
that
the
purpose
of
God,
working
through selection,
might
not
fail –
a selection depending,
not
on
obedience,
but
on
his
call – Rebecca
was
told,
before
her
children
were
born
and
before
they
had
done
anything
either
right
or
wrong,
that
the
elder
would
be
a
servant
to
the
younger.
The
words
of
scripture
are – ‘I
loved
Jacob,
but
I
hated
Esau.’
What
are
we
to
say,
then?
Is
God
guilty
of
injustice?
Heaven
forbid!
For
his
words
to
Moses
are – ‘I
will
take
pity
on
whom
I
take
pity,
and
be
merciful
to
whom
I
am
merciful.’
So,
then,
all
depends,
not
on
human
wishes
or
human
efforts,
but
on
God’s
mercy.
In
scripture,
again,
it
is
said
to
Pharaoh – ‘It
was
for
this
purpose
that
I
raised
you
to
the
throne,
to
show
my
power
by
my
dealings
with
you,
and
to
make
my
name
known
throughout
the
world.’
So,
then,
where
God
wills,
he
takes
pity,
and
where
he
wills,
he
hardens
the
heart.
Perhaps
you
will
say
to
me – ‘How
can
anyone
still
be blamed?
For
who withstands
his
purpose?’
I
might
rather
ask ‘Who
are
you
who
are
arguing
with
God?’
Does
a
thing
which
a
person
has moulded
say
to
the
person
who
has moulded
it ‘Why
did
you
make
me
like
this?’
Has
not
the
potter
absolute
power
over
their
clay,
so
that
out
of
the
same
lump
they
make
one
thing
for
better,
and
another
for
common,
use?
And
what
if
God,
intending
to
reveal
his
displeasure
and
make
his
power
known,
bore
most
patiently
with
the
objects
of
his
displeasure,
though
they
were
fit
only
to
be
destroyed,
so
as
to
make
known
his
surpassing
glory
in dealing
with
the
objects
of
his
mercy,
whom
he
prepared
beforehand
for
glory,
and
whom
he
called –
even
us –
not
only
from
among
the
Jews
but
from
among
the
Gentiles
also!
This,
indeed,
is
what
he
says
in
the
book
of
Hosea – ‘Those
who
were
not
my
people,
I
will
call
my
people,
and
those
who
were
unloved
I
will
love.
And
in
the
place
where
it
was
said
to
them – “You
are
not
my
people”,
they
will
be
called
sons
of
the
living
God.’
And
Isaiah
cries
aloud
over
Israel – ‘Though
the
sons
of
Israel
are
like
the
sand
of
the
sea
in
number,
only
a
remnant
of
them
will
escape!
For
the
Lord
will
execute
his
sentence
on
the
world,
fully
and
without
delay.’
It
is
as
Isaiah foretold – ‘Had
not
the
Lord
of
Hosts
spared
some
few
of
our
people
to
us,
we
should
have
become
like
Sodom
and
been
made
to
resemble
Gomorrah.’
What
are
we
to
say,
then?
Why,
that
Gentiles,
who
were
not
in
search
of
righteousness,
secured
it –
a
righteousness
which
was
the
result
of
faith;
while
Israel,
which
was
in
search
of
a
Law
which
would
ensure
righteousness,
failed
to
discover
one.
And
why?
Because
they
looked
to
obedience,
and
not
to
faith,
to
secure
it.
They
stumbled
over
the stumbling-block.
As
scripture
says – ‘See,
I
place
a stumbling-block
in
Zion –
a
rock
which
will
prove
a hindrance;
and
he
who
believes
in
him
will
have
no
cause
for
shame.’
My
friends,
my
heart’s
desire
and
prayer
to
God
for
my
people
is
for
their
salvation.
I
can
testify
that
they
are
zealous
for
the
honor
of
God;
but
they
are
not
guided
by
true
insight,
for,
in
their
ignorance
of
the
divine
righteousness,
and
in
their eagerness
to
set
up
a
righteousness
of
their
own,
they
refused
to
accept
with
submission
the
divine
righteousness.
For
Christ
has
brought
Law
to
an
end,
so
that
righteousness
may
be
obtained
by
everyone
who
believes
in
him.
For
Moses
writes
that,
as
for
the
righteousness
which
results
from
Law,
those
who
practice
it
will
find
life
through
it.
But
the
righteousness
which
results
from
faith
finds
expression
in
these
words: ‘Do
not
say
to
yourself “Who
will
go
up
into
heaven?”’ (which
means
to
bring
Christ
down)
‘or “Who
will
go
down
into
the
depths
below?”’ (which
means
to
bring
Christ
up
from
the
dead).
No,
but
what
does
it
say? ‘The
message
is
near
you,
on
your
lips
and
in
your heart’ (which
means ‘The
message
of faith’
which
we
proclaim).
For,
if
with
your
lips
you
acknowledge
the
truth
of
the
message
that
JESUS
IS
LORD,
and
believe
in
your
heart
that
God
raised
him
from
the
dead,
you
will
be
saved.
For
with
their
hearts
people
believe
and
so
attain
to
righteousness,
while
with
their
lips
they
make
their profession
of
faith
and
so
find
salvation.
As
the
passage
of
scripture
says – ‘No
one
who
believes
in
him
will
have
any
cause
for
shame.’
For
no
distinction
is
made
between
the
Jew
and
the
Greek,
for
all
have
the
same
Lord,
and
he
is
bountiful
to
all
who
invoke
him.
For
everyone
who invokes
the
name
of
the
Lord
will
be
saved.
But
how,
it
may
be
asked,
are
they
to
invoke
one
in
whom
they
have
not
learned
to
believe?
And
how
are
they
to
believe
in
one
whose
words
they
have
not
heard?
And
how
are
they
to
hear
his
words
unless
someone
proclaims
him?
And
how
is
anyone
to
proclaim
him
unless
they
are
sent
as
his
messengers?
As
scripture
says – ‘How
beautiful
are
the
feet
of
those
who
bring
good
news!’
Still,
it
may
be
said,
everyone
did
not
give
heed
to
the
good
news.
No,
for
Isaiah
asks – ‘Lord,
who
has
believed
our
teaching?’
And
so
we
gather,
faith
is
a
result
of
teaching,
and
the
teaching
comes
in
the
message
of
Christ.
But
I
ask ‘Is
it possible
that
people
have
never
heard?’
No,
indeed,
for – ‘Their
voices
spread
through
all
the
earth,
and
their
message
to
the
ends
of
the
world.’
But
again
I
ask ‘Did
not
the
people
of
Israel
understand?’
First
there
is
Moses,
who
says – ‘I,
the
Lord,
will
stir
you
to
rivalry
with
a
nation
which
is
no
nation;
against
an undiscerning
nation
I
will
arouse
your
anger.’
And
Isaiah
says
boldly – ‘I
was
found
by
those
who
were
not
seeking
me;
I
made
myself
known
to
those
who
were
not inquiring
of
me.’
But
of
the
people
of
Israel
he
says – ‘All
day
long
I
have
stretched
out
my
hands
to
a
people
who
disobey
and contradict.’
I
ask,
then, ‘Has
God
rejected
his
people?’
Heaven
forbid!
For
I
myself
am
an
Israelite,
a
descendant
of
Abraham,
of
the
tribe
of
Benjamin.
God
has
not
rejected
his
people,
whom
he
chose
from
the
first.
Have
you
forgotten
the
words
of
scripture
in
the
story
of
Elijah –
how
he appeals
to
God
against
Israel?
‘Lord,
they
have
killed
your
prophets,
they
have
pulled
down
your
altars,
and
I
only
am
left;
and
now
they
are
eager
to
take
my
life.’
But
what
was
the
divine
response? ‘I
have
kept
for
myself
seven
thousand
who
have
never
bowed
the
knee
to
Baal.’
And
so
in
our
own
time,
too,
there
is
to
be
found
a
remnant
of
our
nation
selected
by
God
in
love.
But
if
in
love,
then
it
is
not
as
a
result
of
obedience.
Otherwise
love
would
cease
to
be
love.
What
follows
from
this?
Why,
that
Israel
as
a
nation
failed
to
secure
what
it
was
seeking,
while
those
whom
God
selected
did
secure
it.
The
rest
grew callous;
as
scripture
says – ‘God
has
given
them
a deadness
of
mind –
eyes
that
are
not
to
see
and
ears
that
are
not
to
hear –
and
it
is
so
to
this
very
day.’
David,
too,
says – ‘May
their
feasts
prove
a
snare
and
a
trap
to
them –
a hindrance
and
a
retribution;
may
their
eyes
be
darkened,
so
that
they
cannot
see;
and
do
you
always
make
their
backs
to
bend.’
I
ask
then – ‘Was
their
stumbling
to
result
in
their
fall?’
Heaven
forbid!
On
the
contrary,
through
their
falling
away
salvation
has
reached
the
Gentiles,
to
stir
the
rivalry
of
Israel.
And,
if
their
falling
away
has
enriched
the
world,
and
their
failure
has
enriched
the
Gentiles,
how
much
more
will
result
from
their
full restoration!
But
I
am
speaking
to
you
who
were
Gentiles.
Being
myself
an apostle
to
the
Gentiles,
I
exalt
my
office,
in
the
hope
that
I
may
stir
my
countrymen
to
rivalry,
and
so
save
some
of
them.
For,
if
their
being
cast
aside
has
meant
the
reconciliation
of
the
world,
what
will
their reception
mean,
but
life
from
the
dead?
If
the
first
handful
of
dough
is
holy,
so
is
the
whole
mass,
and
if
the
root
is
holy,
so
are
the
branches.
Some,
however,
of
the
branches
were
broken
off,
and
you,
who
were
only
a
wild
olive,
were
grafted
in
among
them,
and
came
to
share
with
them
the
root
which
is
the
source
of
the richness
of
the
cultivated
olive.
Yet
do
not
exult
over
the
other
branches.
But,
if
you
do
exult
over
them,
remember
that
you
do
not
support
the
root,
but
that
the
root
supports
you.
But
branches,
you
will
say,
were
broken
off,
so
that
I
might
be
grafted
in.
True,
it
was
because
of
their
want
of
faith
that
they
were
broken
off,
and
it
is
because
of
your
faith
that
you
are
standing.
Do
not
think
too
highly
of
yourself,
but
beware.
For,
if
God
did
not
spare
the
natural
branches,
neither
will
he
spare
you.
See,
then,
both
the
goodness
and
the
severity
of
God –
his
severity towards
those
who
fell,
and
his
goodness towards
you,
provided
that
you
continue
to confide
in
that
goodness;
otherwise
you,
also,
will
be
cut
off.
And
they,
too,
if
they
do
not
continue
in
their unbelief,
will
be
grafted
in;
for
God
has
it
in
his
power
to
graft
them
in
again.
If
you
were
cut
off
from
your
natural
stock –
a
wild
olive –
and
were
grafted,
contrary
to
the
course
of
nature,
on
a
good
olive,
much
more
will
they –
the
natural
branches –
be
grafted
back
into
their parent
tree.
My
friends,
so
that
you
don’t
think
too
highly
of
yourselves,
I
want
you
to
recognize
the
truth,
hitherto
hidden,
that
the callousness
which
has
come
over
Israel
is
only
partial,
and
will
continue
only
until
the
whole
Gentile
world
has
been
gathered
in.
And
then
all
Israel
will
be
saved.
As
scripture
says – ‘From
Zion
will
come
the
Deliverer;
he
will
banish
ungodliness
from
Jacob.
And
they
will
see
the
fulfillment
of
my
covenant,
when
I
have
taken
away
their
sins.’
From
the
standpoint
of
the
good
news,
the
Jews
are
God’s
enemies
for
your
sake;
but
from
the
standpoint
of
God’s selection,
they
are
dear
to
him
for
the
sake
of
the patriarchs.
For
God
never regrets
his
gifts
or
his
call.
Just
as
you
at
one
time
were
disobedient
to
him,
but
have
now
found
mercy
in
the
day
of
their disobedience;
so,
too,
they
have
now
become
disobedient
in
your
day
of
mercy,
in
order
that
they
also
in
their
turn
may
now
find
mercy.
For
God
has
given
all
alike
over
to disobedience,
that
to
all
alike
he
may
show
mercy.
Oh!
The
unfathomable
wisdom
and
knowledge
of
God!
How
inscrutable
are
his
judgments,
how untraceable
his
ways!
Yes –
ho
has
ever
comprehended
the
mind
of
the
Lord?
Who
has
ever
become
his
counsellor?
Or
who
has
first
given
to
him,
so
that
he
may
claim
a
reward?
For
all
things
are
from
him,
through
him,
and
for
him.
And
to
him
be
all
glory
for
ever
and
ever!
Amen.
Advice on Daily Life
I
entreat
you,
then,
friends,
by
the
mercies
of
God,
to
offer
your
bodies
as
a
living
and
holy
sacrifice,
acceptable
to
God,
for
this
is
your rational
worship.
Do
not conform
to
the
fashion
of
this
world;
but
be
transformed
by
the
complete
change
that
has
come
over
your
minds,
so
that
you
may
discern
what
God’s
will
is –
all
that
is
good,
acceptable,
and
perfect.
In
fulfillment
of
the
charge
with
which
I
have
been
entrusted,
I
tell
every
one
of
you
not
to
think
more
highly
of
themselves
than
they
ought
to
think,
but
to
think
until
they
learn
to
think
soberly –
in
accordance
with
the
measure
of
faith
that
God
has
allotted
to
each.
For,
just
as
in
the
human
body
there
is
a
union
of
many
parts,
and
each
part
has
its
own
function,
so
we,
by
our
union
in
Christ,
many
though
we
are,
form
but
one
body,
and
individually
we
are
related
one
to
another
as
its
parts.
Since
our
gifts
differ
in
accordance
with
the
particular
charge
entrusted
to
us,
if
our
gift
is
to
preach,
let
our
preaching
correspond
to
our
faith;
if
it
is
to
minister
to
others,
let
us
devote
ourselves
to
our
ministry;
the
teacher
to
their
teaching,
the
counselor
to
their
counsel.
Let
the
person
who
gives
in charity
do
so
with
a
generous
heart;
let
the
person
who
is
in
authority
exercise
due
diligence;
let
the
person
who
shows
kindness
do
so
in
a
cheerful
spirit.
Let
your
love
be
sincere.
Hate
the
wrong;
cling
to
the
right.
In
the
love
of
the
community
of
the
Lord’s
followers,
be affectionate
to
one
another;
in
showing
respect,
set
an
example
of deference
to
one
another;
never flagging
in
zeal;
fervent
in
spirit;
serving
the
Master;
rejoicing
in
your
hope;
steadfast
under
persecution;
persevering
in
prayer;
relieving
the
wants
of Christ’s
people;
devoted
to
hospitality.
Bless
your
persecutors –
bless
and
never
curse.
Rejoice
with
those
who
are
rejoicing,
and
weep
with
those
who
are
weeping.
Let
the
same
spirit
of
sympathy animate
you
all,
not
a
spirit
of
pride;
enjoy
the
company
of
ordinary
people.
Do
not
think
too
highly
of
yourselves.
Never
return
injury
for
injury.
Aim
at
doing
what
everyone
will
recognize
as
honorable.
If
it
is
possible,
as
far
as
rests
with
you,
live
peaceably
with
everyone.
Never
avenge
yourselves,
dear
friends,
but
make
way
for
the
wrath
of
God;
for
scripture
declares – ‘“It
is
for
me
to
avenge,
I
will
requite,”
says
the
Lord.’
Rather – ‘If
your
enemy
is
hungry,
feed
him;
if
he
is
thirsty,
give
him
to
drink.
By
doing
this
you
will
heap
coals
of
fire
on
his
head.’
Never
be
conquered
by
evil,
but
conquer
evil
with
good.
Let
everyone
obey
the
supreme
authorities.
For
no
authority
exists
except
by
the
will
of
God,
and
the existing
authorities
have
been
appointed
by
God.
Therefore
the
one
who
sets themself
against
the
authorities
is resisting
God’s
appointment,
and
those
who
resist
will
bring
a
judgment
on
themselves.
A
good
action
has
nothing
to
fear
from
rulers;
a
bad
action
has.
Do
you
want
to
have
no
reason
to
fear
the
authorities?
Then
do
what
is
good,
and
you
will
win
their
praise.
For
they
are
God’s
servants
appointed
for
your
good.
But,
if
you
do
what
is
wrong,
you
may
well
be
afraid;
for
the
sword
they
carry
is
not
without
meaning!
They
are
God’s
servants
to
inflict
his
punishments
on
those
who
do
wrong.
You
are
bound,
therefore,
to
obey,
not
only
through
fear
of
God’s
punishments,
but
also
as
a
matter
of
conscience.
This,
too,
is
the
reason
for
your
paying
taxes;
for
the
officials
are
God’s
officers,
devoting
themselves
to
this
special
work.
In
all
cases
pay
what
is
due
from
you –
tribute
where
tribute
is
due,
taxes
where
taxes
are
due,
respect
where
respect
is
due,
and
honor
where
honor
is
due.
Owe
nothing
to
anyone
except
love;
for
they
who
love
their
neighbor
have
satisfied
the
Law.
The
commandments, ‘You
must
not
commit
adultery,
you
must
not
kill,
you
must
not
steal,
you
must
not
covet,’
and
whatever
other
commandment
there
is,
are
all summed
up
in
the
words – ‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.’
Love
never
wrongs
a
neighbor.
Therefore
love
fully
satisfies
the
Law.
This
I
say,
because
you
know
the crisis
that
we
have
reached,
for
the
time
has
already
come
for
you
to
rouse
yourselves
from
sleep;
our
salvation
is
nearer
now
than
when
we
accepted
the
faith.
The
night
is
almost
gone;
the
day
is
near.
Therefore
let
us
be
done
with
the
deeds
of
darkness,
and
arm
ourselves
with
the
weapons
of
light.
Being
in
the
light
of
day,
let
us
live becomingly,
not
in revelry
and
drunkenness,
not
in
lust
and licentiousness,
not
in
quarreling
and
jealousy.
No!
Arm
yourselves
with
the
spirit
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
and
spend
no
thought
on
your
earthly nature,
to
satisfy
its cravings.
As
for
those
whose
faith
is
weak,
always
receive
them
as
friends,
but
not
for
the
purpose
of
passing
judgment
on
their scruples.
One
person’s
faith
permits
them
to
eat
food
of
all
kinds,
while
another
whose
faith
is
weak
eats
only
vegetable
food.
The
person
who
eats
meat
must
not
despise
the
person
who abstains
from
it;
nor
must
the
person
who abstains
from
eating
meat
pass
judgment
on
the
one
who
eats
it,
for
God
himself
has
received
them.
Who
are
you,
that
you
should
pass
judgment
on
the
servant
of
another?
Their
standing
or
falling
concerns
their
own
master.
And
stand
they
will,
for
their
Master
can
enable
them
to
stand.
Again,
one
person
considers
some
days
to
be
more
sacred
than
others,
while
another
considers
all
days
to
be
alike.
Everyone
ought
to
be
fully
convinced
in
their
own
mind.
The
person
who
observes
a
day,
observes
it
to
the
Master’s
honor.
They,
again,
who
eat
meat
eat
it
to
the
Master’s
honor,
for
they
give
thanks
to
God;
while
the
person
who
abstains
from
it
abstains
from
it
to
the
Master’s
honor,
and
also
gives
thanks
to
God.
There
is
not
one
of
us
whose
life
concerns
ourselves
alone,
and
not
one
of
us
whose
death
concerns ourself
alone;
for,
if
we
live,
our
life
is
for
the
Master,
and,
if
we
die,
our
death
is
for
the
Master.
Whether,
then,
we
live
or
die
we
belong
to
the
Master.
The
purpose
for
which
Christ
died
and
came
back
to
life
was
this –
that
he
might
be
Lord
over
both
the
dead
and
the
living.
I
would
ask
the
one ‘Why
do
you
judge
other
followers
of
the
Lord?’
And
I
would
ask
the
other ‘Why
do
you
despise
them?’
For
we
will
all
stand
before
the
court
of
God.
For
scripture
says – ‘“As
surely
as
I
live,”
says
the
Lord, “every
knee
will
bend
before
me
and
every
tongue
will
praise
God.”’
So,
then,
each
one
of
us
will
have
to
render
account
of
himself
to
God.
Let
us,
then,
cease
to
judge
one
another.
Rather
let
this
be
your resolve –
never
to
place
a stumbling-block
or
an
obstacle
in
the
way
of
a
fellow follower
of
the
Lord.
Through
my
union
with
the
Lord
Jesus,
I
know
and
am
persuaded
that
nothing
is
defiling
in
itself.
A
thing
is ‘defiling’
only
to
the
person
who
holds
it
to
be
so.
If,
for
the
sake
of
what
you
eat,
you
wound
your
fellow follower’s
feelings,
your
life
has
ceased
to
be
ruled
by
love.
Do
not,
by
what
you
eat,
ruin
someone
for
whom
Christ
died!
Do
not
let
what
is
right
for
you
become
a
matter
of
reproach.
For
the
kingdom
of
God
does
not
consist
of
eating
and
drinking,
but
of
righteousness
and
peace
and
gladness
through
the
presence
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
The
person
who
serves
the
Christ
in
this
way
pleases
God,
and
wins
the
approval
of
their
fellows.
Therefore
our
efforts
should
be
directed towards
all
that
makes
for
peace
and
the mutual
building
up
of
character.
Do
not
undo
God’s
work
for
the
sake
of
what
you
eat.
Though
everything
is ‘clean,’
yet,
if
a
person
eats
so
as
to
put
a stumbling-block
in
the
way
of
others,
they
do
wrong.
The
right
course
is
to
abstain
from
meat
or
wine
or,
indeed,
anything
that
is
a stumbling-block
to
your
fellow follower
of
the
Lord.
As
for
yourself –
keep
this
conviction
of
yours
to
yourself,
as
in
the
presence
of
God.
Happy
the
person
who
never
has
to
condemn
themselves
in
regard
to
something
they
think
right!
The
person,
however,
who
has
misgivings
stands
condemned
if
they
still
eat,
because
their
doing
so
is
not
the
result
of
faith.
And
anything
not
done
as
the
result
of
faith
is
a
sin.
We,
the
strong,
ought
to
take
on
our
own
shoulders
the weaknesses
of
those
who
are
not
strong,
and
not
merely
to
please
ourselves.
Let
each
of
us
please
our
neighbor
for
our
neighbor’s
good,
to
help
in
the
building
up
of
their
character.
Even
the
Christ
did
not
please
himself!
On
the
contrary,
as
scripture
says
of
him – ‘The
reproaches
of
those
who
were reproaching
you
fell
upon
me.’
Whatever
was
written
in
the
scriptures
in
days
gone
by
was
written
for
our
instruction,
so
that,
through
patient
endurance,
and
through
the
encouragement
drawn
from
the
scriptures,
we
might
hold
fast
to
our
hope.
And
may
God,
the giver
of
this
patience
and
this
encouragement,
grant
you
to
be
united
in
sympathy
in
Christ,
so
that
with
one
heart
and
one
voice
you
may
praise
the
God
and
Father
of
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord.
Therefore
always
receive
one
another
as
friends,
just
as
the
Christ
himself
received
us,
to
the
glory
of
God.
For
I
tell
you
that
Christ,
in
vindication
of
God’s truthfulness,
has
become
a
minister
of
the
covenant
of
circumcision,
so
that
he
may
fulfill
the
promises
made
to
our
ancestors,
and
that
the
Gentiles
also
may
praise
God
for
his
mercy.
As
scripture
says – ‘Therefore
will
I
make acknowledgment
to
you
among
the
Gentiles
and
sing
in
honor
of
your
name.’
And
again
it
says – ‘Rejoice,
you
Gentiles,
with
God’s
people.’
And
yet
again – ‘Praise
the
Lord,
all
you
Gentiles,
and
let
all
Peoples
sing
his
praises.’
Again,
Isaiah
says – ‘There
will
be
a Scion
of
the
house
of
Jesse,
One
who
is
to
arise
to
rule
the
Gentiles;
on
him
will
the
Gentiles
rest
their
hopes.’
May
God,
who
inspires
our
hope,
grant
you
perfect
happiness
and
peace
in
your
faith,
until
you
are
filled
with
this
hope
by
the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
I
am
persuaded,
my
friends –
yes,
I
Paul,
with
regard
to
you –
that
you
are
yourselves
full
of
kindness,
furnished
with
all Christian
learning,
and
well
able
to
give
advice
to
one
another.
But
in
parts
of
this
letter
I
have
expressed
myself
somewhat
boldly –
by
way
of
refreshing
your memories –
because
of
the
charge
with
which
God
has
entrusted
me,
that
I
should
be
an
assistant
of
Christ
Jesus
to
go
to
the
Gentiles –
that
I
should
act
as
a
priest
of
God’s
good
news,
so
that
the
offering
up
of
the
Gentiles
may
be
an
acceptable
sacrifice,
consecrated
by
the
Holy
Spirit.
It
is,
then,
through
my
union
with
Christ
Jesus
that
I
have
a
proud
confidence
in
my
work
for
God.
For
I
will
not
dare
to
speak
of
anything
but
what
Christ
has
done
through
me
to
win
the
obedience
of
the
Gentiles –
by
my
words
and
actions,
through
the
power
displayed
in
signs
and
marvels,
and
through
the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
And
so,
starting
from
Jerusalem
and
going
as
far
as Illyria,
I
have
told
in
full
the
good
news
of
the
Christ;
yet
always
with
the
ambition
to
tell
the
good
news
where
Christ’s
name
had
not
previously
been
heard,
so
as
to
avoid
building
on
another’s
foundations.
But
as
scripture
says – ‘They
to
whom
he
had
never
been
proclaimed
will
see;
and
they
who
have
never
heard
will
understand!’
Conclusion
That
is
why
I
have
so
often
been
prevented
from
coming
to
you.
But
now
there
are
no
further
openings
for
me
in
these
parts,
and
I
have
for
several
years
been
longing
to
come
to
you
whenever
I
may
be
going
to Spain.
For
my
hope
is
to
visit
you
on
my
journey,
and
then
to
be
sent
on
my
way
by
you,
after
I
have
first
partly
satisfied
myself
by
seeing
something
of
you.
Just
now,
however,
I
am
on
my
way
to
Jerusalem,
to
take
help
to Christ’s
people
there.
For
Macedonia
and
Greece
have
been
glad
to
make
a
collection
for
the
poor
among Christ’s
people
at
Jerusalem.
Yes,
they
were
glad
to
do
so;
and
indeed
it
is
a
duty
which
they
owe
to
them.
For
the
Gentile
converts
who
have
shared
their
spiritual
blessings
are
in
duty
bound
to
minister
to
them
in
the
things
of
this
world.
When
I
have
settled
this
matter,
and
have
secured
for
the
poor
at
Jerusalem
the
enjoyment
of
these
benefits,
I
will
go,
by
way
of
you,
to
Spain.
And
I
know
that,
when
I
come
to
you,
it
will
be
with
a
full
measure
of
blessing
from
Christ.
I
beg
you,
then,
friends,
by
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord,
and
by
the
love
inspired
by
the
Spirit,
to
join
me
in
earnest
prayer
to
God
on
my
behalf.
Pray
that
I
may
be
rescued
from
those
in
Judea
who
reject
the
faith,
and
that
the
help
which
I
am
taking
to
Jerusalem
may
prove
acceptable
to Christ’s
people;
so
that,
God
willing,
I
may
be
able
to
come
to
you
with
a
joyful
heart,
and
enjoy
some
rest
among
you.
May
God,
the giver
of
peace,
be
with
you
all.
Amen.
I
commend
to
your
care
our
sister,
Phoebe,
who
is
a
minister
of
the
church
at Cenchreae;
and
I
ask
you
to
give
her
a Christian
welcome –
one
worthy
of Christ’s
people –
and
to aid
her
in
any
matter
in
which
she
may
need
your
assistance.
She
has
proved
herself
a staunch
friend
and
protector
and
to
many
others.
Give
my greeting
to
Prisca
and Aquila,
my
fellow
workers
in
the
cause
of
Christ
Jesus,
who
risked
their
own
lives
to
save
mine.
It
is
not
I
alone
who
thank
them,
but
all
the
churches
among
the
Gentiles
thank
them
also.
Give
my greeting,
also,
to
the
church
that
meets
at
their
house,
as
well
as
to
my
dear
friend
Epaenetus,
one
of
the
first
in Roman
Asia
to
believe
in
Christ;
to
Mary,
who
worked
hard
for
you;
to Andronicus
and
Junia,
fellow
Jews
and
once
my
fellow
prisoners,
who
are
people
of
note
among
the apostles,
and
who
became Christians
before
I
did;
to
my
dear Christian
friend Ampliatus;
to Urban,
our
fellow
worker
in
the
cause
of
Christ,
and
to
my
dear
friend
Stachys;
to
that
tried
and
true Christian Apelles;
to
the
household
of Aristobulus;
to
my
countryman
Herodion;
to
the Christians
in
the
household
of
Narcissus;
to
Tryphaena
and
Tryphosa,
who
have
worked
hard
for
the
Master;
to
my
dear
friend
Persis,
for
she
has
done
much
hard
work
for
the
Master;
to
that
eminent Christian,
Rufus,
and
to
his
mother,
who
has
been
a
mother
to
me
also;
to Asyncritus,
Phlegon,
Hermes,
Patrobas,
Hermas,
and
our
friends
with
them;
also
to
Philologus
and
Julia,
Nereus
and
his
sister,
and
Olympas,
and
to
all Christ’s
people
who
are
with
them.
Greet
one
another
with
a
sacred
kiss.
All
the
churches
of
the
Christ
send
you greetings.
I
beg
you,
friends,
to
be
on
your
guard
against
people
who,
by disregarding
the
teaching
which
you
received,
cause
divisions
and
create difficulties; dissociate
yourselves
from
them.
For
such
persons
are
not
serving
Christ,
our
Master,
but
are
slaves
to
their
own
appetites;
and,
by
their
smooth
words
and
flattery,
they
deceive
simple-minded
people.
Everyone
has
heard
of
your
ready
obedience.
It
is
true
that
I
am
very
happy
about
you,
but
I
want
you
to
be
well versed
in
all
that
is
good,
and
innocent
of
all
that
is
bad.
And
God,
the giver
of
peace,
will
before
long
crush
Satan
under
your
feet.
May
the
blessing
of
Jesus,
our
Lord,
be
with
you.
Timothy,
my
fellow
worker,
sends
you
his greetings,
and
Lucius,
Jason,
and
Sosipater,
my
countrymen,
send
theirs.
I
Tertius,
who
am
writing
this
letter,
send
you
my Christian greeting.
My
host
Gaius,
who
extends
his hospitality
to
the
whole
church,
sends
you
his greeting;
and
Erastus,
the
city
treasurer,
and
Quartus,
our
dear
friend,
add
theirs.
16.24
Some later manuscripts add: The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
Now
to
him
who
is
able
to
strengthen
you,
as
promised
in
the
good
news
entrusted
to
me
and
in
the
proclamation
of
Jesus
Christ,
in
accordance
with
the
revelation
of
that
hidden
purpose,
which
in
past
ages
was
kept
secret
but
now
has
been
revealed
and,
in
obedience
to
the
command
of
the immortal
God,
made
known
through
the writings
of
the
prophets
to
all
nations,
to
secure
submission
to
the
faith –
to
him,
I
say,
the
wise
and
only
God,
be
ascribed,
through
Jesus
Christ,
all
glory
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.
1 Corinthians
Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians
1 Corinthians
Paul’s First Letter to the
Corinthians
Introduction
To
the church
of
God
in Corinth,
to
those
who
have
been
consecrated
by
union
with
Christ
Jesus
and
called
to
become
his
people,
and
also
to
all,
wherever
they
may
be,
who
invoke
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ –
their
Master
and
ours,
from
Paul,
who
has
been
called
to
be
an apostle
of
Jesus
Christ
by
the
will
of
God,
and
from Sosthenes,
our
fellow follower
of
the
Lord.
May
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
I
always
thank
God
for
you.
I
thank
him
for
the
blessing
bestowed
on
you
in
Christ
Jesus.
For
through
union
with
him
you
were
enriched
in
every
way –
in
your
power
to
preach,
and
in
your
knowledge
of
the
truth;
and
so
became
yourselves
a confirmation
of
my
testimony
to
the
Christ.
There
is
no
gift
in
which
you
are
deficient,
while
waiting
for
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
to
be
revealed.
And
God
himself
will
strengthen
you
to
the
end,
so
that
at
the
day
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
you
may
be
found
blameless.
God
will
not
fail
you,
and
it
is
he
who
called
you
into
communion
with
his
Son,
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord.
The
State
of
the Church
at Corinth
But
I
appeal
to
you,
my
friends,
by
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
to
agree
in
what
you
profess,
and
not
to
allow
divisions
to
exist
among
you,
but
to
be
united –
of
one
mind
and
of
one
opinion.
For
I
have
been
informed,
my
friends,
by
the
members
of
Chloe’s
household,
that
party feeling
exists
among
you.
I
mean
this:
that
every
one
of
you
says
either ‘I
follow
Paul,’
or ‘I Apollos,’
or ‘I
Cephas,’
or ‘I
Christ.’
You
have
torn
the
Christ
in
pieces!
Was
it
Paul
who
was
crucified
for
you?
Or
were
you baptized
in
the
name
of
Paul?
I
am
thankful
that
I
did
not baptize
any
of
you
except
Crispus
and
Gaius,
so
that
no
one
can
say
that
you
were baptized
in
my
name.
I baptized
also
the
household
of
Stephanas.
I
do
not
know
that
I baptized
anyone
else.
My
mission
from
Christ
was
not
to baptize,
but
to
tell
the
good
news;
not,
however,
in
the
language
of philosophy,
in
case
the
cross
of
the
Christ
should
be
robbed
of
its
meaning.
The
message
of
the
cross
is
indeed
mere
folly
to
those
who
are
on
the
path
to
ruin,
but
to
us
who
are
on
the
path
of
salvation
it
is
the
power
of
God.
For
scripture
says –
‘I
will
bring
the philosophy
of
the philosophers
to
naught,
and
the
shrewdness
of
the
shrewd
I
will
bring
to
nothing.’
Where
is
the philosopher?
Where
the
teacher
of
the
Law?
Where
the disputant
of
today?
Has
not
God
shown
the
world’s philosophy
to
be
folly?
For
since
the
world,
in
God’s
wisdom,
did
not
by
its philosophy
learn
to
know
God,
God
saw
fit,
by
the ‘folly’
of
our
proclamation,
to
save
those
who
believe
in Christ!
While
Jews
ask
for
miraculous
signs,
and
Greeks
study philosophy,
we
are
proclaiming
Christ
crucified! –
to
the
Jews
an
obstacle,
to
the
Gentiles
mere
folly,
but
to
those
who
have
received
the
call,
whether
Jews
or
Greeks,
Christ,
the
power
of
God
and
the
wisdom
of
God!
For
God’s ‘folly’
is
wiser
than
people,
and
God’s ‘weakness’
is
stronger
than
people.
Look
at
the facts
of
your
call,
friends.
There
are
not
many
among
you
who
are
wise,
as
people
reckon
wisdom,
not
many
who
are
influential,
not
many
who
are high-born;
but
God
chose
what
the
world
counts
foolish
to
put
its
wise
to
shame,
and
God
chose
what
the
world
counts
weak
to
put
its
strong
to
shame,
and
God
chose
what
the
world
counts
poor
and
insignificant –
things
that
to
it
are unreal –
to
bring
its ‘realities’
to
nothing,
so
that
in
his
presence
no
one
should
boast.
But
you,
by
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
belong
to
God;
and
Christ,
by
God’s
will,
became
not
only
our
wisdom,
but
also
our
righteousness,
holiness,
and
deliverance,
so
that –
in
the
words
of
scripture –
‘Whoever
boasts
should
boast
of
the
Lord!’
For
my
own
part,
friends,
when
I
came
to
you,
it
was
with
no
display
of
eloquence
or philosophy
that
I
came
to
tell
the
hidden
purpose
of
God;
for
I
had
determined
that,
while
with
you,
I
would
forget
everything
except
Jesus
Christ –
and
him
crucified!
Indeed,
when
I
came
among
you,
I
was
weak,
and
full
of
fears,
and
in
great
anxiety.
My
message
and
my
proclamation
were
not
delivered
in
the
persuasive
language
of philosophy,
but
were
accompanied
by
the manifestation
of
spiritual
power,
so
that
your
faith
should
be based,
not
on
the
human
wisdom,
but
on
the
power
of
God.
Yet
there
is
a philosophy
that
we
teach
to
those
whose
faith
is matured,
but
it
is
not
the philosophy
of
today,
or
of
the
leaders
of
today –
whose
downfall
is
at
hand.
No,
it
is
a
divine philosophy
that
we
teach,
one
concerned
with
the
hidden
purpose
of
God –
that
long
hidden philosophy
which
God,
before
time
began,
destined
for
our
glory.
This philosophy
is
clearly
not
known
to
any
of
the
leaders
of
today,
since,
had
they
known
it,
they
would
never
have
crucified
our
glorious
Lord!
It
is
what
scripture
speaks
of
as –
‘What
eye
never
saw,
nor
ear
ever
heard,
what
never
entered
people’s
minds –
all
these
things
God
has
prepared
for
those
who
love
him.’
Yet
to
us
God
revealed
it
through
his
Spirit;
for
the
Spirit fathoms
all
things,
even
the
inmost
depths
of
God’s
being.
For
what
person
is
there
who
knows
what
a
person
is,
except
the
person’s
own
spirit
within
them?
So,
also,
no
one
comprehends
what
God
is,
except
the
Spirit
of
God.
And
as
for
us,
it
is
not
the
spirit
of
the
world
that
we
have
received,
but
the
Spirit
that
comes
from
God,
so
that
we
may
realize
the
blessings
given
to
us
by
him.
And
we
speak
of
these
gifts,
not
in
language
taught
by
human philosophy,
but
in
language
taught
by
the
Spirit,
explaining
spiritual
things
in
spiritual
words.
The
merely intellectual
person
rejects
the
teaching
of
the
Spirit
of
God;
for
to
them
it
is
mere
folly;
they
cannot
grasp
it,
because
it
is
to
be
understood
only
by
spiritual
insight.
But
the
person
with
spiritual
insight
is
able
to
understand
everything,
although
they
themselves
are
understood
by
no
one.
For
who
has
so
comprehended
the
mind
of
the
Lord
as
to
be
able
to
instruct
him?
We,
however,
have
the
mind
of
Christ.
But
I,
my
friends,
could
not
speak
to
you
as
people
with
spiritual
insight,
but
only
as worldly-minded –
mere
infants
in
the
faith
of
Christ.
I
fed
you
with
milk,
not
with
solid
food,
for
you
were
not
then
able
to
take
it.
No,
and
even
now
you
are
not
able;
you
are
still worldly.
While
there
exist
among
you
jealousy
and
party feeling,
is
it
not
true
that
you
are worldly,
and
are
acting
merely
as
other
people
do?
When
one
says ‘I
follow
Paul,’
and
another ‘I
follow Apollos,’
aren’t
you
like
other
people?
What,
I
ask,
is Apollos?
Or
what
is
Paul?
Servants
through
whom
you
were
led
to
accept
the
faith;
and
that
only
as
the
Lord
helped
each
of
you.
I
planted,
and Apollos
watered,
but
it
was
God
who
caused
the
growth.
Therefore
neither
the
one
who
plants,
nor
the
one
who
waters,
counts
for
anything,
but
only
God
who
causes
the
growth.
In
this
the
person
who
plants
and
the
person
who
waters
are
one;
yet
each
will
receive
their
own
reward
in
proportion
to
their
own
labor.
For
we
are
God’s
fellow
workers;
you
are
God’s
harvest
field,
God’s
building.
In
fulfillment
of
the
charge
which
God
had
entrusted
to
me,
I
laid
the
foundation
like
a
skillful
master;
but
someone
else
is
now
building
on
it.
Let
everyone
take
care
how
they
build;
for
no
one
can
lay
any
other
foundation
than
the
one
already
laid –
Jesus
Christ.
Whatever
is
used
by
those
who
build
on
this
foundation,
whether
gold,
silver,
costly
stones,
wood,
hay,
or
straw,
the
quality
of
each
man’s
work
will
become
known,
for
the
day
will
make
it
plain;
because
that
day
is
to
be
ushered
in
with
fire,
and
the
fire
itself
will
test
the
quality
of
every
man’s
work.
If
anyone’s
work,
which
they
have
built
on
that
foundation,
still
remains,
they
will
gain
a
reward.
If
anyone’s
work
is
burnt
up,
they
will
suffer
loss;
though
they
themselves
will
escape,
but
only
as
one
who
has
passed
through
fire.
Don’t
you
know
that
you
are
God’s
Temple,
and
that
God’s
Spirit
has
his
home
in
you?
If
any
one
destroys
the
Temple
of
God,
God
will
destroy
them;
for
the
Temple
of
God
is
sacred,
and
so
also
are
you.
Let
no
one
deceive
himself.
If
any
one
among
you imagines
that,
as
regards
this
world,
they
are
wise,
they
should
become
a ‘fool,’
that
they
may
become
wise.
For
in
God’s
sight
this
world’s
wisdom
is
folly.
Scripture
tells
of –
‘One
who
catches
the
wise
in
their
own
craftiness,’
And
it
says
again –
‘The
Lord
sees
how fruitless
are
the deliberations
of
the
wise.’
Therefore
let
no
one
boast
about
people;
for
all
things
are
yours –
whether
Paul,
or Apollos,
or
Cephas,
or
the
world,
or
life,
or
death,
or
the
present,
or
the
future –
all
things
are
yours!
But
you
are
Christ’s
and
Christ
is
God’s.
Let
people
look
on
us
as
Christ’s
servants,
and
as
stewards
of
the
hidden truths
of
God.
Now
what
we
look
for
in
stewards
is
that
they
should
be
trustworthy.
But
it
weighs
very
little
with
me
that
I
am
judged
by
you
or
by
any
human tribunal.
No,
I
do
not
even
judge
myself;
for,
though
I
am
conscious
of
nothing
against
myself,
that
does
not
prove
me
innocent.
It
is
the
Lord
who
is
my
judge.
Therefore
do
not
pass
judgment
before
the
time,
but
wait
until
the
Lord
comes.
He
will
throw
light
on
what
is
now
dark
and
obscure,
and
will
reveal
the
motives
in
people’s
minds;
and
then
everyone
will
receive
due
praise
from
God.
All
this,
friends,
I
have,
for
your
sakes,
applied
to Apollos
and
myself,
so
that,
from
our
example,
you
may
learn
to
observe
the
precept – ‘Keep
to
what
is
written,’
that
none
of
you
may
speak boastfully
of
one
teacher
to
the disparagement
of
another.
For
who
makes
any
one
of
you
superior
to
others?
And
what
have
you
that
was
not
given
you?
But
if
you
received
it
as
a
gift,
why
do
you
boast
as
if
you
had
not?
Are
you
all
so
soon
satisfied?
Are
you
so
soon
rich?
Have
you
begun
to
reign
without
us?
Would
indeed
that
you
had,
so
that
we
also
might
reign
with
you!
For,
as
it
seems
to
me,
God
has
exhibited
us,
the apostles,
last
of
all,
as
people
doomed
to
death.
We
are
made
a
spectacle
to
the universe,
both
to
angels
and
to
people!
We,
for
Christ’s
sake,
are
fools,
but
you,
by
your
union
with
Christ,
are
people
of
discernment.
We
are
weak,
but
you
are
strong.
You
are
honored,
but
we
are
despised.
To
this
very
hour
we
go
hungry,
thirsty,
and
naked;
we
are
beaten;
we
are
homeless;
we
work
hard,
toiling
with
our
own
hands.
We
meet
abuse
with
blessings,
we
meet
persecution
with endurance,
we
meet
slander
with
gentle appeals.
We
have
been
treated
as
the
scum
of
the
earth,
the
vilest
of
the
vile,
to
this
very
hour.
It
is
with
no
wish
to
shame
you
that
I
am
writing
like
this;
but
to
warn
you
as
my
own
dear
children.
Though
you
may
have
thousands
of
instructors
in
the
faith
of
Christ,
yet
you
have
not
many
fathers.
It
was
I
who,
through
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
became
your
father
by
means
of
the
good
news.
Therefore
I
entreat
you –
Follow
my
example.
This
is
my
reason
for
sending
Timothy
to
you.
He
is
my
own
dear
faithful
child
in
the
Master’s
service,
and
he
will
remind
you
of
my
methods
of
teaching
the
faith
of
Christ
Jesus –
methods
which
I
follow
everywhere
in
every
church.
Some,
I
hear,
are puffed
up
with
pride,
thinking
that
I
am
not
coming
to
you.
But
come
to
you
I
will,
and
that
soon,
if
it
please
the
Lord;
and
then
I
will
find
out,
not
what
words
these
people
use
who
are
so
puffed
up,
but
what
power
they
possess;
for
the
kingdom
of
God
is based,
not
on
words,
but
on
power.
What
do
you
wish?
Am
I
to
come
to
you
with
a
rod,
or
in
a
loving
and
gentle
spirit?
There
is
a wide-spread
report respecting
a
case
of
immorality
among
you,
and
that,
too,
of
a
kind
that
does
not
occur
even
among
the
Gentiles –
a
man,
I
hear,
is
living
with
his
father’s
wife!
Instead
of
grieving
over
it
and
taking
steps
for
the expulsion
of
the
man
who
has
done
this
thing,
is
it possible
that
you
are
still puffed
up?
For
I
myself,
though
absent
in
body,
have
been
present
with
you
in
spirit,
and
in
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
I
have
already
passed
judgment,
just
as
if
I
had
been
present,
on
the
man
who
has
acted
in
this
way.
I
have
decided –
having
been
present
in
spirit
at
your meetings,
when
the
power
of
the
Lord
Jesus
was
with
us –
to
deliver
such
a
man
as
this
over
to
Satan,
that
what
is
sensual
in
him
may
be
destroyed,
so
that
his
spirit
may
be
saved
at
the
day
of
the
Lord.
Your
boasting
is unseemly.
Don’t
you
know
that
even
a
little
yeast
leavens
all
the
dough?
Get
rid
entirely
of
the
old
leaven,
so
that
you
may
be
like
new
dough –
free
from
leaven,
as
in
truth
you
are.
For
our
passover
lamb
is
already
sacrificed –
Christ
himself;
therefore
let
us
keep
our
festival,
not
with
the
leaven
of
former
days,
nor
with
the
leaven
of vice
and
wickedness,
but
with
the
unleavened
bread
of
sincerity
and
truth.
I
told
you,
in
my
letter,
not
to
associate
with
immoral
people –
not,
of
course,
meaning
people
of
the
world
who
are
in
immoral,
or
who
are
covetous
and grasping,
or
who
worship
idols;
for
then
you
would
have
to
leave
the
world
altogether.
But,
as
things
are,
I
say
that
you
are
not
to
associate
with
anyone
who,
although
a follower
of Christ
in
name,
is
immoral,
or
covetous,
or
an
idolater,
or abusive,
or
a
drunkard,
or grasping –
no,
not
even
to
sit
down
to
eat
with
such
people.
What
have
I
to
do
with
judging
those
outside
the church?
Is
it
not
for
you
to
judge
those
who
are
within
the church,
while
God
judges
those
who
are
outside?
Put
away
the
wicked
from
among
you.
Can
it
be
that,
when
one
of
you
has
a
dispute
with
another,
they
dare
to
have
their
case
tried
before
the
heathen,
instead
of
before Christ’s
people?
Don’t
you
know
that Christ’s
people
will
try
the
world?
And
if
the
world
is
to
be
tried
by
you,
are
you unfit
to
try
the
most
trivial
cases?
Don’t
you
know
that
we
are
to
try
angels –
to
say
nothing
of
the
affairs
of
this
life?
Why,
then,
if
you
have
cases
relating
to
the
affairs
of
this
life,
do
you
set
to
try
them
those
who
carry
no
weight
with
the
church?
To
your
shame
I
ask
it.
Can
it
be
that
there
is
not
one
among
you
wise
enough
to
decide
between
two
of
their
fellow
followers?
Must
a follower
sue
a
fellow follower?
In
front
of unbelievers?
To
begin
with,
it
is undoubtedly
a
loss
to
you
to
have
lawsuits
with
one
another.
Why
not
rather
let
yourselves
be
wronged?
Why
not
rather
let
yourselves
be
cheated?
Instead
of
this,
you
wrong
and
cheat
others
yourselves –
yes,
even
other
followers!
Don’t
you
know
that
wrongdoers
will
have
no
share
in
God’s
kingdom?
Do
not
be
deceived.
No
one
who
is
immoral,
or
an
idolater,
or
an
adulterer,
or licentious,
or
a
sexual
pervert,
or
a
thief,
or
covetous,
or
a
drunkard,
or abusive,
or grasping,
will
have
any
share
in
God’s
kingdom.
Such
some
of
you
used
to
be;
but
you
washed
yourselves
clean.
You
became
Christ’s
people!
You
were
pronounced
righteous
through
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
and
through
the
Spirit
of
our
God!
Everything
is allowable
for
me!
Yes,
but
everything
is
not
profitable.
Everything
is allowable
for
me!
Yes,
but
for
my
part,
I
will
not
let
myself
be
enslaved
by
anything.
Food
exists
for
the
stomach,
and
the
stomach
for
food;
but
God
will
put
an
end
to
both
the
one
and
the
other.
The
body,
however,
exists,
not
for
immorality,
but
for
the
Lord,
and
the
Lord
for
the
body;
and,
as
God
has
raised
the
Lord,
so
he
will
raise
us
up
also
by
the
exercise
of
his
power.
Don’t
you
know
that
your
bodies
are
Christ’s
members?
Am
I,
then,
to
take
the
members
that
belong
to
the
Christ
and
make
them
the
members
of
a
prostitute?
Heaven
forbid!
Or
don’t
you
know
that
a
man
who unites
himself
with
a
prostitute
is
one
with
her
in
body (for ‘the
two,’
it
is
said, ‘will
become one’);
while
a
man
who
is
united
with
the
Lord
is
one
with
him
in
spirit?
Shun
all
immorality.
Every
other
sin
that
people
commit
is
something
outside
the
body;
but
an
immoral
person
sins
against
their
own
body.
Again,
don’t
you
know
that
your
body
is
a
shrine
of
the
Holy
Spirit
that
is
within
you –
the
Spirit
which
you
have
from
God?
Moreover,
you
are
not
your
own
masters;
you
were
bought,
and
the
price
was
paid.
Therefore,
honor
God
in
your
bodies.
Answers to Questions Asked by the Church at Corinth
With reference
to
the
subjects
about
which
you
wrote
to
me:
It
is
good
for
a
man
to
remain
single.
But, owing
to
the prevalence
of
immorality,
I
advise
every
man
to
have
his
own
wife,
and
every
woman
her
husband.
A
husband
should
give
his
wife
her
due,
and
a
wife
her
husband.
It
is
not
the
wife,
but
the
husband,
who
exercises
power
over
her
body;
and
so,
too,
it
is
not
the
husband,
but
the
wife,
who
exercises
power
over
his
body.
Do
not
deprive
each
other
of
what
is
due –
unless
it
is
only
for
a
time
and
by mutual
consent,
so
that
your
minds
may
be
free
for
prayer
until
you
again
live
as
man
and
wife –
otherwise
Satan
might
take
advantage
of
your
want
of self-control
and
tempt
you.
I
say
this,
however,
as
a
concession,
not
as
a
command.
I
should
wish
everyone
to
be
just
what
I
am
myself.
But
everyone
has
his
own
gift
from
God –
one
in
one
way,
and
one
in
another.
My
advice,
then,
to
those
who
are
not
married,
and
to
widows,
is
this:
It
would
be
good
for
them
to
remain
as
I
am
myself.
But,
if
they
cannot
control
themselves,
they
should
marry,
for
it
is
better
to
marry
than
to
be
consumed
with
passion.
To
those
who
are
married
my
direction
is –
yet
it
is
not
mine,
but
the
Master’s –
that
a
woman
is
not
to
leave
her
husband
(If
she
has
done
so,
she
should
remain
as
she
is,
or
else
be
reconciled
to
her
husband)
and
also
that
a
man
is
not
to
divorce
his
wife.
To
all
others
I
say –
I,
not
the
Master –
If
a follower
of
the
Lord
is
married
to
a
woman,
who
is
an unbeliever
but
willing
to
live
with
him,
he
should
not
divorce
her;
and
a
woman
who
is
married
to
a
man,
who
is
an unbeliever
but
willing
to
live
with
her,
should
not
divorce
her
husband.
For,
through
his
wife,
the
husband
who
is
an unbeliever
has
become
associated
with Christ’s
people;
and
the
wife
who
is
an unbeliever
has
become
associated
with Christ’s
people
through
the
Lord’s follower
whom
she
has
married.
Otherwise
your
children
would
be ‘defiled,’
but,
as
it
is,
they
belong
to Christ’s
people.
However,
if
the unbeliever
wishes
to
be
separated,
let
them
be
so.
Under
such
circumstances
neither
is
bound;
God
has
called
you
to
live
in
peace.
How
can
you
tell,
wife,
whether
you
may
not
save
your
husband?
And
how
can
you
tell,
husband,
whether
you
may
not
save
your
wife?
In
any
case,
a
person
should
continue
to
live
in
the
condition
which
the
Lord
has
allotted
to
them,
and
in
which
they
were
when
God
called
them.
This
is
the
rule
that
I
lay
down
in
every
church.
Was
a
man
already
circumcised
when
he
was
called?
Then
he
should
not efface
his
circumcision.
Has
a
man
been
called
when
uncircumcised?
Then
he
should
not
be
circumcised.
Circumcision
is
nothing;
the
want
of
it
is
nothing;
but
to
keep
the
commands
of
God
is
everything.
Let
everyone
remain
in
that
condition
of
life
in
which
they
were
when
the
call
came
to
them.
Were
you
a
slave
when
you
were
called?
Do
not
let
that
trouble
you.
No,
even
if
you
are
able
to
gain
your
freedom,
still
do
your
best.
For
the
person
who
was
a
slave
when
they
were
called
to
the
master’s
service
is
the
Master’s freedman;
so,
too,
the
person
who
was
free
when
called
is
Christ’s
slave.
You
were
bought,
and
the
price
was
paid.
Do
not
let
yourselves
become
slaves
to
people.
Friends,
let
everyone
remain
in
the
condition
in
which
they
were
when
they
were
called,
in
close communion
with
God.
With
regard
to
unmarried
women,
I
have
no
command
from
the
Master
to
give
you,
but
I
tell
you
my
opinion,
and
the
Master
in
his
mercy
has
made
me
worthy
to
be
trusted.
I
think,
then,
that,
in
view
of
the
time
of
suffering
that
has
now
come
upon
us,
what
I
have
already
said
is
best –
that
a
man
should
remain
as
he
is.
Are
you
married
to
a
wife?
Then
do
not
seek
to
be
separated.
Are
you
separated
from
a
wife?
Then
do
not
seek
for
a
wife.
Still,
if
you
should
marry,
that
is
not
wrong;
nor,
if
a
young
woman
marries,
is
that
wrong.
But
those
who
marry
will
have
much
trouble
to
bear,
and
my
wish
is
to
spare
you.
What
I
mean,
friends,
is
this –
the
time
is
short.
Meanwhile,
let
those
who
have
wives
live
as
if
they
had
none,
those
who
are
weeping
as
if
not
weeping,
those
who
are
rejoicing
as
if
not
rejoicing,
those
who
buy
as
if
not
possessing,
and
those
who
use
the
good
things
of
the
world
as
using
them
sparingly;
for
this
world
as
we
see
it
is
passing
away.
I
want
you
to
be
free
from
anxiety.
The
unmarried
man
is
anxious
about
the
Master’s
cause,
desiring
to
please
him;
while
the
married
man
is
anxious
about
worldly
matters, desiring
to
please
his
wife;
and
so
his interests
are
divided.
Again,
the
unmarried
woman,
whether
she
is
old
or
young,
is
anxious
about
the
Master’s
cause,
striving
to
be
pure
both
in
body
and
in
spirit,
while
the
married
woman
is
anxious
about
worldly
matters, desiring
to
please
her
husband.
I
say
this
for
your
own
benefit,
not
with
any
intention
of
putting
a halter
around
your
necks,
but
in
order
to
secure
for
the
Master
seemly
and
constant
devotion,
free
from
all distraction.
If,
however,
a
father
thinks
that
he
is
not
acting
fairly
by
his
unmarried
daughter,
when
she
is
past
her
youth,
and
if
under
these
circumstances
her
marriage
ought
to
take
place,
he
should
act
as
he
thinks
right.
He
is
doing
nothing
wrong –
let
the
marriage
take
place.
On
the
other
hand,
a
father,
who
has
definitely
made
up
his
mind,
and
is
under
no
compulsion,
but
is
free
to
carry
out
his
own
wishes,
and
who
has
come
to
the
decision,
in
his
own
mind,
to
keep
his
unmarried
daughter
at
home
will
be
doing
right.
In
short,
the
one
who consents
to
his
daughter’s
marriage
is
doing
right,
and
yet
the
other
will
be
doing
better.
A
wife
is
bound
to
her
husband
as
long
as
he
lives;
but,
if
the
husband
should
pass
to
his
rest,
the
widow
is
free
to
marry
anyone
she
wishes,
provided
he
is
a believer.
Yet
she
will
be
happier
if
she
remains
as
she
is –
in
my
opinion,
for
I
think
that
I
also
have
the
Spirit
of
God.
With reference
to
food
that
has
been
offered
in
sacrifice
to
idols –
We
are
aware
that
all
of
us
have
knowledge!
Knowledge breeds
conceit,
while
love
builds
up
character.
If
someone
thinks
that
they
know
anything,
they
have
not
yet
reached
that
knowledge
which
they
ought
to
have
reached.
On
the
other
hand,
if
a
person
loves
God,
they
are
known
by
God.
With reference,
then,
to
eating
food
that
has
been
offered
to
idols –
we
are
aware
that
an
idol
is
nothing
in
the
world,
and
that
there
is
no
God
but
one.
Even supposing
that
there
are
so-called ‘gods’
either
in
heaven
or
on
earth –
and
there
are
many
such ‘gods’
and ‘lords’ –
Yet
for
us
there
is
only
one
God,
the
Father,
from
whom
all
things
come (and
for
him
we
live),
and
one
Lord,
Jesus
Christ,
through
whom
all
things
come (and
through
him
we
live).
Still,
it
is
not
everyone
that
has
this
knowledge.
Some
people,
because
of
their association
with
idols,
continued
down
to
the
present
time,
eat
the
food
as
food
offered
to
an
idol;
and
their
consciences,
while
still
weak,
are dulled.
What
we
eat,
however,
will
not
bring
us
nearer
to
God.
We
lose
nothing
by
not
eating
this
food,
and
we
gain
nothing
by
eating
it.
But
take
care
that
this
right
of
yours
does
not
become
in
any
way
a stumbling-block
to
the
weak.
For
if
someone
should
see
you
who
possess
this
knowledge,
feasting
in
an
idol’s
temple,
will
not
their
conscience,
if
they
are
weak,
become
so
hardened
that
they,
too,
will
eat
food
offered
to
idols?
And
so,
through
this
knowledge
of
yours,
the
weak
person
is
ruined –
someone
for
whose
sake
Christ
died!
In
this
way,
by
sinning
against
your
fellow
followers
of
the
Lord
and injuring
their
consciences,
while
still
weak,
you
sin
against
Christ.
Therefore,
if
what
I
eat
makes
a follower
of
the
Lord
fall,
rather
than
make
them
fall,
I
will
never
eat
meat
again.
Am
I
not
free?
Am
I
not
an apostle?
Have
I
not
seen
our
Lord
Jesus?
Aren’t
you
yourselves
my
work
achieved
in
union
with
the
Lord?
If
I
am
not
an apostle
to
others,
yet
at
least
I
am
to
you;
for
you
are
the
seal
that stamps
me
as
an apostle
in
union
with
the
Lord.
The
defense
that
I
make
to
my critics
is
this:
Haven’t
we
a
right
to
food
and
drink?
Haven’t
we
a
right
to
take
a
wife
with
us,
if
she
is
a Christian,
as
the
other apostles
and
the
Master’s
brothers
and
Cephas
all
do?
Or
is
it
only Barnabas
and
I
who
have
no
right
to
give
up
working
for
our
bread?
Does
anyone
ever
serve
as
a
soldier
at
his
own
expense?
Does
anyone
plant
a
vineyard
and
not
eat
its
produce?
Or
does
anyone
look
after
a
herd
and
not
drink
the
milk?
Am
I,
in
all
this,
speaking
only
from
the
human
standpoint?
Does
not
the
Law
also
say
the
same?
For
in
the
Law
of
Moses
it
is
said –
‘You
should
not
muzzle
an
ox
while
it
is
treading
out
the
grain.’
Is
it
the
bullocks
that
God
is
thinking
of?
Or
is
not
is
said
entirely
for
our
sakes?
Surely
it
was
written
for
our
sakes,
for
the
plowman
ought
not
to
plow,
nor
the thrasher
to
thrash,
without expecting
a
share
of
the
grain.
Since
we,
then,
sowed
spiritual
seed
for
you,
is
it
too
much
that
we
should
reap
from
you
an earthly
harvest?
If
others
share
in
this
right
over
you,
don’t
we
even
more?
Still
we
did
not
avail
ourselves
of
this
right.
No,
we
endure
anything
rather
than impede
the progress
of
the
good
news
of
the
Christ.
Don’t
you
know
that
those
who
do
the
work
of
the
Temple
live
on
what
comes
from
the
Temple,
and
that
those
who
serve
at
the
altar
share
the
offerings
with
the
altar?
So,
too,
the
Master
has
appointed
that
those
who
tell
the
good
news
should
get
their
living
from
the
good
news.
I,
however,
have
not availed
myself
of
any
of
these
rights.
I
am
not
saying
this
to
secure
such
an
arrangement
for
myself;
indeed,
I
would
far
rather
die –
Nobody
will
make
my
boast
a
vain
one!
If
I
proclaim
the
good
news,
I
have
nothing
to
boast
of,
for
I
am
compelled
to
do
so.
Woe
is
me
if
I
do
not
share
it!
If
I
do
this
work
willingly,
I
have
a
reward;
but,
if unwillingly,
I
have
been
charged
to
perform
a
duty.
What
is
my
reward,
then?
To
present
the
good
news
free
of
all
cost,
and
so
make
but
a
sparing
use
of
the
rights
which
it
gives
me.
Although
I
was
entirely
free,
yet,
to
win
as
many
converts
as possible,
I
made
myself
everyone’s
slave.
To
the
Jews
I
became
like
a
Jew,
to
win
Jews.
To
those
who
are
subject
to
Law
I
became
like
a
man
subject
to
Law –
though
I
was
not
myself
subject
to
Law –
to
win
those
who
are
subject
to
Law.
To
those
who
have
no
Law
I
became
like
a
man
who
has
no
Law –
not
that
I
am
free
from
God’s
Law;
no,
for
I
am
under
Christ’s
Law –
to
win
those
who
have
no
law.
To
the
weak
I
became
weak,
to
win
the
weak.
I
have
become
all
things
to
all
people,
so
as
at
all
costs
to
save
some.
And
I
do
everything
for
the
sake
of
the
good
news,
so
that
with
them
I
may
share
in
its
blessings.
Don’t
you
know
that
on
a racecourse,
though
all
run,
yet
only
one
wins
the
prize?
Run
in
such
a
way
that
you
may
win.
Every athlete
exercises self-restraint
in
everything;
they,
indeed,
for
a
crown
that
fades,
we
for
one
that
is unfading.
I,
therefore,
do
not
run
aimlessly.
I
do
not
box
like
a
man hitting
the
air.
No,
I
bruise
my
body
and
make
it
my
slave,
so
that
I,
who
have
called
others
to
the
contest,
will
not
myself
be
rejected.
I
want
you
to
bear
in
mind,
friends,
that
all
our
ancestors
were
beneath
the
cloud,
and
all
passed
through
the
sea;
that
in
the
cloud
and
in
the
sea
they
all underwent baptism
as
followers
of
Moses;
and
that
they
all
ate
the
same
supernatural
food,
and
all
drank
the
same
supernatural
water,
for
they
used
to
drink
from
a
supernatural
rock
which
followed
them,
and
that
rock
was
the
Christ.
Yet
with
most
of
them
God
was
displeased;
for
they
were
struck
down
in
the
desert.
Now
these
things
happened
as
warnings
to
us,
to
teach
us
not
to
long
for
evil
things
as
our
ancestors
longed.
Do
not
become
idolaters,
as
some
of
them
became.
Scripture
says –
‘The
people
sat
down
to
eat
and
drink,
and
stood
up
to
dance.’
Nor
let
us
act
immorally,
as
some
of
them
acted,
with
the
result
that
twenty-three
thousand
of
them
fell
dead
in
a
single
day.
Nor
let
us
try
the
patience
of
the
Lord
too
far,
as
some
of
them
tried
it,
with
the
result
that
they
were,
one
after
another,
destroyed
by
snakes.
And
do
not
murmur,
as
some
of
them
murmured,
and
so
were
destroyed
by
the
angel
of
death.
These
things
happened
to
them
by
way
of
warning,
and
were
recorded
to
serve
as
a caution
to
us,
in
whose
days
the
close
of
the
ages
has
come.
Therefore
let
the
person
who
thinks
that
they
stand
take
care
that
they
do
not
fall.
No
temptation
has
come
upon
you
that
is
not
common
to
all
humanity.
God
will
not
fail
you,
and
he
will
not
allow
you
to
be
tempted
beyond
your
strength;
but,
when
he
sends
the
temptation,
he
will
also
provide
the
way
of
escape,
so
that
you
may
have
strength
to
endure.
Therefore,
my
dear
friends,
shun
the
worship
of
idols.
I
speak
to
you
as
man
of
discernment;
form
your
own
judgment
about
what
I
am
saying.
In
the
cup
of
blessing
which
we
bless,
is
not
there
a
sharing
in
the
blood
of
the
Christ?
And
in
the
bread
which
we
break,
is
not
there
a
sharing
in
the
body
of
the
Christ?
The
bread
is
one,
and
we,
though
many,
are
one
body;
for
we
all
partake
of
that
one
bread.
Look
at
the
people
of
Israel.
Do
not
those
who
eat
the
sacrifices
share
with
the
altar?
What
do
I
mean?
That
an
offering
made
to
an
idol,
or
the
idol
itself,
is
anything?
No;
what
I
say
is
that
the
sacrifices
offered
by
the
Gentiles
are
offered
to
demons
and
to
a
being
who
is
no
God,
and
I
do
not
want
you
to
share
with
demons.
You
cannot
drink
both
the
cup
of
the
Lord
and
the
cup
of
demons.
You
cannot
partake
at
the
table
of
the
Lord
and
at
the
table
of
demons.
Or
are
we
to
rouse
the
jealousy
of
the
Lord?
Are
we
stronger
than
he?
Everything
is allowable!
Yes,
but
everything
is
not
profitable.
Everything
is allowable!
Yes,
but
everything
does
not
build
up
character.
A
person
must
not
study
their
own interests,
but
the interests
of
others.
Eat
anything
that
is
sold
in
the
market,
without
making inquiries
to
satisfy
your scruples;
for
the
earth,
with
all
that
is
in
it,
belongs
to
the
Lord.
If
an unbeliever
invites
you
to
his
house
and
you
consent
to
go,
eat
anything
that
is
put
before
you,
without
making inquiries
to
satisfy
your scruples.
But,
if
anyone
should
say
to
you ‘This
has
been
offered
in
sacrifice
to
an
idol,’
then,
for
the
sake
of
the
speaker
and
his scruples,
do
not
eat
it.
I
do
not
say
your scruples,
but
his.
For
why
should
the
freedom
that
I
claim
be
condemned
by
the scruples
of
another?
If,
for
my
part,
I
take
the
food thankfully,
why
should
I
be
abused
for
eating
that
for
which
I
give
thanks?
Whether,
then,
you
eat
or
drink
or
whatever
you
do,
do
everything
to
the
honor
of
God.
Do
not
cause
offense
either
to
Jews
or
Greeks
or
to
the
church
of
God;
for
I,
also,
try
to
please
everybody
in
everything,
not
seeking
my
own
advantage,
but
do
what
is
best
for
others,
so
that
they
may
be
saved.
Imitate
me,
as
I
myself
imitate
Christ.
I
praise
you,
indeed,
because
you
never
forget
me,
and
are
keeping
my injunctions
in
mind,
exactly
as
I
laid
them
on
you.
But
I
am
anxious
that
you
should
understand
that
the
Christ
is
the
head
of
every
man,
that
man
is
the
head
of
woman,
and
that
God
is
the
head
of
the
Christ.
Any
man
who
keeps
his
head
covered,
when
praying
or
preaching
in
public,
dishonors
him
who
is
his
head;
while
any
woman,
who
prays
or preaches
in
public bare-headed,
dishonors
him
who
is
her
head;
for
that
is
to
make
herself
like
one
of
the shameless
women
who
shave
their
heads.
Indeed,
if
a
woman
does
not
keep
her
head
covered,
she
may
as
well
cut
her
hair
short.
But,
since
to
cut
her
hair
short,
or
shave
it
off,
marks
her
as
one
of
the shameless
women,
she
should
keep
her
head
covered.
A
man
ought
not
to
have
his
head
covered,
for
he
has
been
from
the
beginning
the
likeness
of
God
and
the reflection
of
his
glory,
but
woman
is
the reflection
of
man’s
glory.
For
it
was
not
man
who
was
taken
from
woman,
but
woman
who
was
taken
from
man.
Besides,
man
was
not
created
for
the
sake
of
woman,
but
woman
for
the
sake
of
man.
And,
therefore,
a
woman
ought
to
wear
on
her
head
a
symbol
of
her
subjection,
because
of
the
presence
of
the
angels.
Still,
when
in
union
with
the
Lord,
woman
is
not
independent
of
man,
or
man
of
woman;
for
just
as
woman
came
from
man,
so
man
comes
by
means
of
woman;
and
all
things
come
from
God.
Judge
for
yourselves.
Is
it
fitting
that
a
woman
should
pray
to
God
in
public
with
her
head
uncovered?
Does
not
nature
herself
teach
us
that,
while
for
a
man
to
wear
his
hair
long
is degrading
to
him,
a
woman’s
long
hair
is
her
glory?
Her
hair
has
been
given
her
to
serve
as
a
covering.
If,
however,
anyone
still
thinks
it
right
to
contest
the
point –
well,
we
have
no
such
custom,
nor
have
the
churches
of
God.
In
giving
directions
on
the
next
subject,
I
cannot
praise
you;
because
your meetings
do
more
harm
than
good.
To
begin
with,
I
am
told
that
when
you
meet
together
as
a
church
there
are
divisions
among
you.
In
part
I
believe
this,
indeed,
there
must
be
parties
among
you,
so
that
the
people
of real
worth
become
known.
When
you
meet
together,
as
I
understand,
it
is
not possible
to
eat
the
Lord’s
Supper;
for,
as
you
eat,
each
of
you
tries
to
secure
his
own
supper
first,
with
the
result
that
one
has
too
little
to
eat,
and
another
has
too
much
to
drink!
Have
you
no
houses
in
which
you
can
eat
and
drink?
Or
are
you
trying
to
show
your
contempt
for
the
church
of
God,
and
to
humiliate
the
poor?
What
can
I
say
to
you?
Should
I
praise
you?
In
this
matter
I
cannot
praise
you.
For
I
myself
received
from
the
Lord
the
account
which
I
have
in
turn
given
to
you –
how
the
Lord
Jesus,
on
the
very
night
of
his betrayal,
took
some
bread,
and,
after
saying
the
thanksgiving,
broke
it
and
said
“This
is
my
own
body
given
on
your
behalf.
Do
this
in
memory
of
me.”
And
in
the
same
way
with
the
cup,
after
supper,
saying
“This
cup
is
the
new
covenant
made
by
my
blood.
Do
this,
whenever
you
drink
it,
in
memory
of
me.”
For
whenever
you
eat
this
bread
and
drink
the
cup,
you
proclaim
the
Lord’s
death –
until
he
comes.
Therefore,
whoever
eats
the
bread,
or
drinks
the
Lord’s
cup,
in
an irreverent
spirit,
will
have
to
answer
for
an
offense
against
the
Lord’s
body
and
blood.
Let
everyone
look
into
their
own
heart,
and
only
then
eat
of
the
bread
and
drink
from
the
cup.
For
the
person
who
eats
and
drinks
brings
a
judgment
on
themselves
by
their
eating
and
drinking,
when
they
do
not
discern
the
body.
That
is
why
so
many
among
you
are
weak
and
ill,
and
why
some
are
sleeping.
But,
if
we
judged
ourselves
rightly,
we
should
not
be
judged.
Yet,
in
being
judged
by
the
Lord,
we
are undergoing
discipline,
so
that
we
may
not
have
judgment
passed
on
us
with
the
rest
of
the
world.
Therefore,
my
friends,
when
you
meet
together
to
eat
the
Supper,
wait
for
one
another.
If
anyone
is
hungry,
they
should
eat
at
home,
so
that
your meetings
may
not
bring
a
judgment
on
you.
The
other
details
I
will
settle
when
I
come.
In
the
next
place,
friends,
I
do
not
want
you
to
be
ignorant
about
spiritual
gifts.
You
know
that
there
was
a
time
when
you
were
Gentiles,
going
astray
after
idols
that
could
not
speak,
just
as
you
happened
to
be
led.
Therefore
I
tell
you
plainly
that
no
one
who
speaks
under
the
influence
of
the
Spirit
of
God
says ‘JESUS
IS
ACCURSED,’
and
that
no
one
can
say ‘JESUS
IS
LORD,’
except
under
the
influence
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
Gifts differ,
but
the
Spirit
is
the
same;
ways
of
serving differ,
yet
the
Master
is
the
same;
results differ,
yet
the
God
who
brings
about
every
result
is
in
every
case
the
same.
To
each
of
us
there
is
given
spiritual
illumination
for
the
general
good.
To
one
is
given
the
power
to
speak
with
wisdom
through
the
Spirit;
to
another
the
power
to
speak
with
knowledge,
due
to
the
same
Spirit;
to
another
faith
by
the
same
Spirit;
to
another
power
to
cure
diseases
by
the
one
Spirit;
to
another
supernatural powers;
to
another
the
gift
of
preaching;
to
another
the
gift
of
distinguishing
between
true
and
false
inspiration;
to
another varieties
of
the
gift
of ‘tongues’;
to
another
the
power
to
interpret ‘tongues.’
All
these
result
from
one
and
the
same
Spirit,
who distributes
his
gifts
to
each
individually
as
he
wills.
For
just
as
the
human
body
is
one
whole,
and
yet
has
many
parts,
and
all
its
parts,
many
though
they
are,
form
but
one
body,
so
it
is
with
the
Christ;
for
it
was
by
one
Spirit
that
we
were
all baptized
to
form
one
body,
whether
Jews
or
Greeks,
slaves
or
free,
and
were
all imbued
with
one
Spirit.
The
human
body,
I
repeat,
consists
not
of
one
part,
but
of
many.
If
the
foot
says ‘Since
I
am
not
a
hand,
I
do
not
belong
to
the
body,’
it
does
not
because
of
that
cease
to
belong
to
the
body.
Or
if
the
ear
says ‘Since
I
am
not
an
eye,
I
do
not
belong
to
the
body,’
it
does
not
because
of
that
cease
to
belong
to
the
body.
If
all
the
body
were
an
eye,
where
would
the
hearing
be?
If
it
were
all
hearing,
where
would
the
sense
of
smell
be?
But
in
fact
God
has
placed
each
individual
part
just
where
he
thought
fit
in
the
body.
If,
however,
they
all
made
up
only
one
part,
where
would
the
body
be?
But
in
fact,
although
it
has
many
parts,
there
is
only
one
body.
The
eye
cannot
say
to
the
hand ‘I
do
not
need
you,’
nor,
again,
the
head
to
the
feet ‘I
do
not
need
you.’
No!
Those
parts
of
the
body
that
seem naturally
the
weaker
are indispensable;
and
those
parts
which
we
deem
less
honorable
we
surround
with
special
honor;
and
our ungraceful
parts
receive
a
special
grace
which
our
graceful
parts
do
not
require.
Yes,
God
has
so
constructed
the
body –
by
giving
a
special
honor
to
the
part
that
lacks
it –
As
to
secure
that
there
should
be
no disunion
in
the
body,
but
that
the
parts
should
show
the
same
care
for
one
another.
If
one
part
suffers,
all
the
others
suffer
with
it,
and
if
one
part
has
honor
done
to
it,
all
the
others
share
its
joy.
Together
you
are
the
body
of
Christ,
and
individually
its
parts.
In
the
church
God
has
appointed,
first, apostles, secondly preachers,
thirdly
teachers;
then
he
has
given
supernatural
powers,
then
power
to
cure
diseases, aptness
for
helping
others,
capacity
to
govern, varieties
of
the
gift
of ‘tongues.’
Can
everyone
be
an apostle?
Can
everyone
be
a
preacher?
Can
everyone
be
a
teacher?
Can
everyone
have
supernatural
powers?
Can
everyone
have
power
to
cure
diseases?
Can
everyone
speak
in ‘tongues’?
Can
everyone
interpret
them?
Strive
for
the
greater
gifts.
Yet
I
can
still
show
you
a
way
beyond
all
comparison
the
best.
Though
I
speak
in
the ‘tongues’
of
people,
or
even
of
angels,
yet
have
not
love,
I
have
become
mere echoing
brass,
or
a clanging
cymbal!
Even
though
I
have
the
gift
of
preaching,
and
fathom
all
hidden truths
and
all
the
depths
of
knowledge;
even
though
I
have
such
faith
as
might
move
mountains,
yet
have
not
love,
I
am
nothing!
Even
though
I dole
my
substance
to
the
poor,
even
though
I
sacrifice
my
body
in
order
to
boast,
yet
have
not
love,
it avails
me
nothing!
Love
is long-suffering,
and
kind;
love
is
never
envious,
never
boastful,
never conceited,
never
behaves unbecomingly;
love
is
never self-seeking,
never
provoked,
never reckons
up
her
wrongs;
love
never
rejoices
at
evil,
but
rejoices
in
the
triumph
of
truth;
love
bears
with
all
things,
ever trustful,
ever hopeful,
ever
patient.
Love
never
fails.
But,
whether
it
be
the
gift
of
preaching,
it
will
end;
whether
it
be
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
it
will
cease;
whether
it
be
knowledge,
it,
too,
will
vanish.
For
our
knowledge
is incomplete,
and
our
preaching
is incomplete,
but,
when
the
perfect
has
come,
that
which
is incomplete
will
end.
When
I
was
a
child,
I
talked
as
a
child,
I
felt
as
a
child,
I
reasoned
as
a
child;
now
that
I
am
a
man,
I
have
done
with
childish
ways.
As
yet
we
see,
in
a
mirror,
dimly,
but
then –
face
to
face!
As
yet
my
knowledge
is incomplete,
but
then
I
will
know
in
full,
as
I
have
been
fully
known.
Meanwhile
faith,
hope,
and
love
endure –
these
three,
but
the
greatest
of
these
is
love.
Seek
this
love
earnestly,
and
strive
for
spiritual
gifts,
above
all
for
the
gift
of
preaching.
The
person
who,
when
speaking,
uses
the
gift
of ‘tongues’
is
speaking,
not
to
people,
but
to
God,
for
no
one
understands
them;
yet
in
spirit
they
are
speaking
of
hidden truths.
But
those
who
preach
are
speaking
to
their
fellow
men
and
women
words
that
will
build
up
faith,
and
give
them
comfort
and
encouragement.
Those
who,
when
speaking,
use
the
gift
of ‘tongues’
builds
up
their
own
faith,
while
those
who
preach
build
up
the
faith
of
the
church.
Now
I
want
you
all
to
speak
in ‘tongues,’
but
much
more
I
wish
that
you
should
preach.
A
preacher
is
worth
more
than
one
who
speaks
in ‘tongues,’
unless
they
interprets
their
words,
so
that
the
faith
of
the
church
may
be
built
up.
This
being
so,
friends,
what
good
will
I
do
you,
if
I
come
to
you
and
speak
in ‘tongues,’
unless
my
words
convey
some
revelation,
or
knowledge,
or
take
the
form
of
preaching
or
teaching?
Even
with inanimate
things,
such
as
a
flute
or
a
harp,
though
they
produce
sounds,
yet
unless
the notes
are
quite distinct,
how
can
the tune
played
on
the
flute
or
the
harp
be
recognized?
If
the
bugle
sounds
a doubtful
call,
who
will
prepare
for
battle?
And
so
with
you;
unless,
in
using
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
you
utter intelligible
words,
how
can
what
you
say
be
understood?
You
will
be
speaking
to
the
winds!
There
are,
for instance,
a
certain
number
of
different
languages
in
the
world,
and
not
one
of
them
fails
to
convey
meaning.
If,
however,
I
do
not
happen
to
know
the
language,
I
will
be
a
foreigner
to
those
who
speak
it,
and
they
will
be
foreigners
to
me.
And
so
with
you;
since
you
are
striving
for
spiritual
gifts,
be
eager
to
excel
in
such
as
will
build
up
the
faith
of
the
church.
Therefore
anyone
who,
when
speaking,
uses
the
gift
of ‘tongues’
should
pray
for
ability
to
interpret
them.
If,
when
praying,
I
use
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
my
spirit
indeed
prays,
but
my
mind
is
a blank.
What,
then,
is
my
conclusion?
Simply
this –
I
will
pray
with
my
spirit,
but
with
my
mind
as
well;
I
will
sing
with
my
spirit,
but
with
my
mind
as
well.
If
you
bless
God
with
your
spirit
only,
how
can
people
in
the
congregation
who
are
without
your
gift
say ‘Amen’
to
your
thanksgiving?
They
do
not
know
what
you
are
saying!
Your
thanksgiving
may
be
excellent,
but
the
other
is
not
helped
by
it.
Thank
God,
I
use
the
gift
of ‘tongues’
more
than
any
of
you.
But
at
a
meeting
of
the
church
I
would
rather
speak
five
words
with
my
mind,
and
so
teach
others,
than
ten
thousand
words
when
using
the
gift
of ‘tongues.’
My
friends,
do
not
show
yourselves
children
in
understanding.
In
wickedness
be
infants,
but
in
understanding
show
yourselves adults.
It
is
said
in
the
Law –
‘In
strange
tongues
and
by
the
lips
of
strangers
will
I
speak
to
this
people,
but
even
then
they
will
not
listen
to
me,
says
the
Lord.’
Therefore
the
gift
of
the ‘tongues’
is
intended
as
a
sign,
not
for
those
who
believe
in Christ,
but
for
those
who
do
not,
while
the
gift
of
preaching
is
intended
as
a
sign,
not
for
those
who
do
not
believe
in Christ,
but
for
those
who
do.
So,
when
the
whole
church
meets,
if
all
present
use
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
and
some
people
who
are
without
the
gift,
or
who
are unbelievers,
come
in,
will
not
they
say
that
you
are
mad?
While,
if
all
those
present
use
the
gift
of
preaching,
and
an unbeliever,
or
someone
without
the
gift,
comes
in,
they
are
convinced
of
their sinfulness
by
them
all,
they
are
called
to
account
by
them
all;
the
secrets
of
their
heart
are
revealed,
and
then,
throwing
themselves
on
their
face,
they
will
worship
God,
and
declare ‘God
is
indeed
among
you!’
What
do
I suggest,
then,
friends?
Whenever
you
meet
for
worship,
each
of
you
comes,
either
with
a hymn,
or
a lesson,
or
a
revelation,
or
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
or
the
interpretation
of
them;
let
everything
be
directed
to
the
building
up
of
faith.
If
any
of
you
use
the
gift
of ‘tongues,’
not
more
than
two,
or
at
the
most
three,
should
do
so –
each
speaking
in
his
turn –
and
someone
should
interpret
them.
If
there
is
no
one
able
to
interpret
what
is
said,
they
should
remain
silent
at
the
meeting
of
the
church,
and
speak
to
themselves
and
to
God.
Of preachers
two
or
three
should
speak,
and
the
rest
should
weigh
well
what
is
said.
But,
if
some
revelation
is
made
to
another
person
as
he
sits
there,
the
first
speaker
should
stop.
For
you
can
all
preach
in
turn,
so
that
all
may
learn
some lesson
and
all
receive
encouragement.
(The
spirit
that
moves
the preachers
is
within
the preachers’
control;
for
God
is
not
a
God
of disorder,
but
of
peace.)
This
custom
prevails
in
all
the
churches
of Christ’s
people.
At
the meetings
of
the
church
married
women
should
remain
silent,
for
they
are
not
allowed
to
speak
in
public;
they
should
take
a subordinate
place,
as
the
Law
itself
directs.
If
they
want
information
on
any
point,
they
should
ask
their
husbands
about
it
at
home;
for
it
is unbecoming
for
a
married
woman
to
speak
at
a
meeting
of
the
church.
What!
Did
God’s
message
to
the
world
originate
with
you?
Or
did
it
find
its
way
to
none
but
you?
If
anyone
thinks
that
he
has
the
gift
of
preaching
or
any
other
spiritual
gift,
he
should
recognize
that
what
I
am
now
saying
to
you
is
a
command
from
the
Lord.
Anyone
who
ignores
it
may
be
ignored.
Therefore,
my
friends,
strive
for
the
gift
of
preaching,
and
yet
do
not
forbid
speaking
in ‘tongues.’
Let
everything
be
done
in
a
proper
and
orderly
manner.
The Apostle’s Teaching as to the Resurrection of the Dead
Next,
friends,
I
would
like
to
remind
you
of
the
good
news
which
I
told
you,
and
which
you
received –
the
good
news
on
which
you
have
taken
your
stand,
and
by
means
of
which
you
are
being
saved.
I
would
like
to
remind
you
of
the
words
that
I
used
in
telling
it
to
you,
since
you
are
still
holding
fast
to
it,
and
since
it
was
not
in
vain
that
you
became
believers
in Christ.
For
at
the
very
beginning
of
my
teaching
I
gave
you
the
account
which
I
had
myself
received –
that
Christ
died
for
our
sins (as
the
scriptures
had foretold),
that
he
was
buried,
that
on
the
third
day
he
was
raised (as
the
scriptures
had foretold),
and
that
he
appeared
to
Cephas,
and
then
to
the
Twelve.
After
that,
he
appeared
to
more
than
five
hundred
of
his
followers
at
one
time,
most
of
whom
are
still
alive,
though
some
have
gone
to
their
rest.
After
that,
he
appeared
to
James,
and
then
to
all
the apostles.
Last
of
all,
he
appeared
even
to
me,
who
am,
as
it
were,
a
miscarried
baby –
born
untimely.
For
I
am
the
least
of
the apostles,
I
who
am
unworthy
of
the
name
of ‘apostle,’
because
I
persecuted
the
church
of
God.
But
it
is
through
the
love
of
God
that
I
am
what
I
am,
and
the
love
that
he
showed
me
has
not
been
wasted.
No,
I
have
toiled
harder
than
any
of
them,
and
yet
it
was
not
I,
but
the
love
of
God
working
with
me.
Whether,
then,
it
was
I
or
whether
it
was
they,
this
we
proclaim,
and
this
you
believed.
Now,
if
it
is
proclaimed
of
Christ
that
he
has
been
raised
from
the
dead,
how
is
it
that
some
of
you
say
that
there
is
no
such
thing
as
a resurrection
of
the
dead?
But,
if
there
is
no
such
thing
as
a resurrection
of
the
dead,
then
even
Christ
has
not
been
raised;
and,
if
Christ
has
not
been
raised,
then
our
proclamation
is
without
meaning,
and
our
faith
without
meaning
also!
Yes,
and
we
are
being
proved
to
have
borne
false
testimony
about
God;
for
we
testified
of
God
that
he
raised
the
Christ,
whom
he
did
not
raise,
if,
indeed,
the
dead
do
not
rise!
For,
if
the
dead
do
not
rise,
then
even
Christ
himself
has
not
been
raised,
and,
if
Christ
has
not
been
raised,
your
faith
is
folly –
your
sins
are
on
you
still!
Yes,
and
they,
who
have
passed
to
their
rest
in
union
with
Christ,
perished!
If
all
that
we
have
done
has
been
to
place
our
hope
in
Christ
for
this
life,
then
we
of
all
people
are
the
most
to
be
pitied.
But,
in
truth,
Christ
has
been
raised
from
the
dead,
the first-fruits
of
those
who
are
at
rest.
For,
since
through
a
man
there
is
death,
so,
too,
through
a
man
there
is
a resurrection
of
the
dead.
For,
as
through
union
with
Adam
all
die,
so
through
union
with
the
Christ
will
all
be
made
to
live.
But
each
in
their
proper
order –
Christ
the first-fruits;
afterward,
at
his
coming,
those
who
belong
to
the
Christ.
Then
will
come
the
end –
when
he surrenders
the
kingdom
to
his
God
and
Father,
having
overthrown
all
other
rule
and
all
other
authority
and
power.
For
he
must
reign
until
God ‘has
put
all
his
enemies
under
his
feet.’
The
last
enemy
to
be
overthrown
is
death;
for
God
has
placed
all
things
under Christ’s
feet. (But,
when
it
is
said
that
all
things
have
been
placed
under Christ,
it
is
plain
that
God
is
excepted
who
placed
everything
under
him.)
And,
when
everything
has
been
placed
under
him,
the
Son
will
place
himself
under
God
who
placed
everything
under
him,
so
that
God
may
be
all
in
all!
Again,
what
good
will
they
be
doing
who
are baptized
on
behalf
of
the
dead?
If
it
is
true
that
the
dead
do
not
rise,
why
are
people baptized
on
their
behalf?
Why,
too,
do
we
risk
our
lives
every
hour?
Daily
I
face
death –
I
swear
it,
friends,
by
the
pride
in
you
that
I
feel
through
my
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord.
If
with
only
human
hopes
I
had
fought
in
the arena
at
Ephesus,
what
should
I
have
gained
by
it?
If
the
dead
do
not
rise,
then
let
us
eat
and
drink,
for
tomorrow
we
will
die!
Do
not
be
deceived.
‘Good
character
is
marred
by
evil
company.’
Wake
up
to
a
righteous
life,
and
cease
to
sin.
There
are
some
who
have
no
true
knowledge
of
God.
I
speak
in
this
way
to
shame
you.
Someone,
however,
may
ask ‘How
do
the
dead
rise?
And
in
what
body
will
they
come?’
You
foolish
person!
The
seed
you
yourself
sow
does
not
come
to
life,
unless
it
dies!
And
when
you
sow,
you
sow
not
the
body
that
will
be,
but
a
mere
grain –
perhaps
of
wheat,
or
something
else.
God
gives
it
the
body
that
he
pleases –
to
each
seed
its
special
body.
All
forms
of
life
are
not
the
same;
there
is
one
for
people,
another
for
beasts,
another
for
birds,
and
another
for
fish.
There
are
heavenly
bodies,
and
earthly
bodies;
but
the
beauty
of
the
heavenly
bodies
is
not
the
beauty
of
the
earthly.
There
is
a
beauty
of
the
sun,
and
a
beauty
of
the
moon,
and
a
beauty
of
the
stars;
for
even
star
differs
from
star
in
beauty.
It
is
the
same
with
the resurrection
of
the
dead.
Sown
a
mortal
body,
it
rises immortal;
sown
disfigured,
it
rises
beautiful;
sown
weak,
it
rises
strong;
sown
a
human
body,
it
rises
a
spiritual
body.
As
surely
as
there
is
a
human
body,
there
is
also
a
spiritual
body.
That
is
what
is
meant
by
the
words – ‘Adam,
the
first
man,
became
a
human being’;
the
last
Adam
became
a
life-giving
spirit.
That
which
comes
first
is
not
the
spiritual,
but
the
human;
afterward
comes
the
spiritual;
the
first
man
was
from
the
dust
of
the
earth;
the
second
man
from
heaven.
Those
who
are
of
the
dust
are
like
him
who
came
from
the
dust;
and
those
who
are
of
heaven
are
like
him
who
came
from
heaven.
And
as
we
have
borne
the
likeness
of
him
who
came
from
the
dust,
so
let
us
bear
the
likeness
of
him
who
came
from
heaven.
This
I
say,
friends –
Flesh
and
blood
can
have
no
share
in
the
kingdom
of
God,
nor
can
the
perishable
share
the imperishable.
Listen,
I
will
tell
you
God’s
hidden
purpose!
We
will
not
all
have
passed
to
our
rest,
but
we
will
all
be
transformed –
in
a
moment,
in
the twinkling
of
an
eye,
at
the
last trumpet-call;
for
the
trumpet
will
sound,
and
the
dead
will
rise immortal,
and
we,
also,
will
be
transformed.
For
this
perishable
body
of
ours
must
put
on
an imperishable
form,
and
this
dying
body
a deathless
form.
And,
when
this
dying
body
has
put
on
its deathless
form,
then
indeed
will
the
words
of
scripture
come
true –
‘death
has
been
swallowed
up
in
victory!
Where,
Death,
is
your
victory?
Where,
death,
is
your
sting?’
It
is
sin
that
gives
death
its
sting,
and
it
is
the
Law
that
gives
sin
its
power.
But
thanks
be
to
God,
who
gives
us
the
victory,
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord.
Therefore,
my
dear
friends,
stand
firm, unshaken,
always
diligent
in
the
Lord’s
work,
for
you
know
that,
in
union
with
him,
your
toil
is
not
in
vain.
Conclusion
With
reference
to
the
collection
for Christ’s
people,
I
want
you
to
follow
the
instructions
that
I
gave
to
the
churches
in
Galatia.
On
the
first
day
of
every
week
each
of
you
should
put
by
what
he
can
afford,
so
that
no
collections
need
be
made
after
I
have
come.
On
my
arrival,
I
will
send
any
persons,
whom
you
may authorize
by
letter,
to
carry
your
gift
to
Jerusalem;
and,
if
it
appears
to
be
worth
while
for
me
to
go
also,
they
will
go
with
me.
I
will
come
to
you
as
soon
as
I
have
been
through
Macedonia –
for
I
am
going
through
Macedonia –
And
I
will probably
make
some
stay
with
you
or,
perhaps,
remain
for
the
winter,
so
that
you
may
yourselves
send
me
on
my
way,
wherever
I
may
be
going.
I
do
not propose
to
pay
you
a
visit
in
passing
now,
for
I
hope
to
stay
with
you
for
some
time,
if
the
Lord
permits.
I
intend,
however,
staying
at
Ephesus
until
the
Festival
at
the
close
of
the
Harvest;
for
a
great
opening
for
active
work
has
presented
itself,
and
there
are
many
opponents.
If
Timothy
comes,
take
care
that
he
has
no
cause
for
feeling
anxious
while
he
is
with
you.
He
is
doing
the
Master’s
work
no
less
than
I
am.
No
one,
therefore,
should
slight
him.
See
him
safely
on
his
way
to
me,
for
I
am
expecting
him
with
some
of
our
friends.
As
for
our
friend Apollos,
I
have
often
urged
him
to
go
to
you
with
the
others.
He
has,
however,
been
very
unwilling
to
do
so
as
yet;
but
he
will
go
as
soon
as
he
finds
a
good
opportunity.
Be
watchful;
stand
firm
in
your
faith;
be
brave;
be
strong.
Let
everything
you
do
be
done
in
a
loving
spirit.
I
have
another
request
to
make
of
you,
friends.
You
remember
Stephanas
and
his
household,
and
that
they
were
the first-fruits
gathered
in
from
Greece,
and
set
themselves
to
serve Christ’s
people.
I
want
you,
on
your
part,
to
show deference
to
such
people
as
these,
as
well
as
to
every
fellow
laborer
and
earnest
worker.
I
am
glad
Stephanas
and
Fortunatus
and Achaicus
have
come,
for
they
have
made
up
for
your absence;
they
have cheered
my
heart,
and
your
hearts
also.
Recognize
the
worth
of
such
people
as
these.
The
churches
in Roman
Asia
send
you
their greetings. Aquila
and
Prisca
and
the
church
that
meets
at
their
house
send
you
many Christian greetings.
All
of
the
Lord’s
followers
send
you greetings.
Greet
one
another
with
a
sacred
kiss.
I,
Paul,
add
this greeting
in
my
own handwriting.
Accursed
be
anyone
who
has
no
love
for
the
Lord.
THE
LORD
IS
COMING.
May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord
Jesus
be
with
you.
My
love
to
all
of
you
who
are
in
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
2 Corinthians
Paul’s Second Letter to the Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Paul’s Second Letter to the
Corinthians
Introduction
To
the
church
of
God
in
Corinth,
and
to
all
Christ’s
people
throughout
Greece,
from
Paul,
an apostle
of
Christ
Jesus,
by
the
will
of
God,
and
from
Timothy,
who
is
also
a follower.
May
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
Blessed
is
the
God
and
Father
of
Jesus
Christ
our
Lord,
the all-merciful
Father,
the
God
ever
ready
to
console,
who
consoles
us
in
all
our
troubles,
so
that
we
may
be
able
to
console
those
who
are
in
any
trouble
with
the
consolation
that
we
ourselves
receive
from
him.
It
is
true
that
we
have
our
full
share
of
the
sufferings
of
the
Christ,
but
through
the
Christ
we
have
also
our
full
share
of
consolation.
If
we
meet
with
trouble,
it
is
for
the
sake
of
your
consolation
and
salvation;
and,
if
we
find
consolation,
it
is
for
the
sake
of
the
consolation
that
you
will
experience
when
you
are
called
to
endure
the
sufferings
that
we
ourselves
are
enduring;
and
our
hope
for
you
remains unshaken.
We
know
that,
as
you
are
sharing
our
sufferings,
you
will
also
share
our
consolation.
We
want
you,
friends,
to
know
that,
in
the
troubles
which
befell
us
in Roman
Asia,
we
were
burdened
altogether
beyond
our
strength,
so
much
so
that
we
even
despaired
of
life.
Indeed,
we
had
the presentiment
that
we
must
die,
so
that
we
might
rely,
not
on
ourselves,
but
on
God
who
raises
the
dead.
And
from
so imminent
a
death
God
delivered
us,
and
will
deliver
us
again;
for
in
him
we
have
placed
our
hopes
of
future
deliverance,
while
you,
also,
help
us
by
your
prayers.
And
then
many
lips
will
give
thanks
on
our
behalf
for
the
blessing
granted
us
in
answer
to
many
prayers.
The Apostle’s
Relations
with
his
Converts
Indeed,
our
main
ground
for
satisfaction
is
this –
Our
conscience
tells
us
that
our
conduct
in
the
world,
and
still
more
in
our
relations
with
you,
was
marked
by
a
purity
of
motive
and
a
sincerity
that
were
inspired
by
God,
and
was based,
not
on
worldly
policy,
but
on
the
help
of
God.
We
never
write
anything
to
you
other
than
what
you
will
acknowledge
to
the
very
end –
And,
indeed,
you
have
already
partly
acknowledged
it
about
us –
that
you
have
a
right
to
be
proud
of
us,
as
we
will
be
proud
of
you,
on
the
day
of
our
Lord
Jesus.
With
this conviction
in
my
mind,
I
planned
to
come
to
see
you
first,
so
that
your
pleasure
might
be
doubled –
To
visit
you
both
on
my
way
to
Macedonia,
and
to
come
to
you
again
on
my
return
from
Macedonia,
and
then
to
get
you
to
send
me
on
my
way
into
Judea.
As
this
was
my
plan,
where,
pray,
did
I
show
any fickleness
of
purpose?
Or
do
you
think
that
my
plans
are
formed
on
mere impulse,
so
that
in
the
same
breath
I
say ‘Yes’
and ‘No’?
As
God
is
true,
the
message
that
we
brought
you
does
not
waver
between ‘Yes’
and ‘No’!
The
Son
of
God,
Christ
Jesus,
whom
we – Silas,
Timothy,
and
I –
proclaimed
among
you,
never wavered
between ‘Yes’
and ‘No.’
With
him
it
has
always
been ‘Yes.’
For,
many
as
were
the
promises
of
God,
in Christ
is
the ‘Yes’
that
fulfills
them.
Therefore,
through Christ
again,
let
the ‘Amen’
rise,
through
us,
to
the
glory
of
God.
God
who
brings
us,
with
you,
into
close
union
with
Christ,
and
who
consecrated
us,
also
set
his
seal
on
us,
and
gave
us
his
Spirit
in
our
hearts
as
a
pledge
of
future
blessings.
But,
as
my
life
will
answer
for
it,
I
call
God
to
witness
that
it
was
to
spare
you
that
I
deferred
my
visit
to
Corinth.
I
do
not
mean
that
we
are
to dictate
to
you
with
regard
to
your
faith;
on
the
contrary,
we
work
with
you
for
your
true
happiness;
indeed,
it
is
through
your
faith
that
you
are
standing
firm.
For
my
own
sake,
as
well,
I
decided
not
to
pay
you
another
painful
visit.
If
it
is
I
who
cause
you
pain,
why,
who
is
there
to
cheer
me,
except
the
person
whom
I
am paining?
So
I
wrote
as
I
did
because
I
was
afraid
that
if
I
had
come,
I
should
have
been
pained
by
those
who
ought
to
have
made
me
glad;
for
I
felt
sure
that
it
was
true
of
you
all
that
my
joy
was
in
every
case
yours
also.
I
wrote
to
you
in
sore
trouble
and
distress
of
heart
and
with
many
tears,
not
to
give
you
pain,
but
to
let
you
see
how
intense
a
love
I
have
for
you.
Now
whoever
has
caused
the
pain
has
not
so
much
pained
me,
as
he
has,
to
some
extent –
not
to
be
too
severe –
pained
every
one
of
you.
The
man
to
whom
I refer
has
been
sufficiently
punished
by
the
penalty
inflicted
by
the
majority
of
you;
so
that
now
you
must
take
the
opposite
course,
and
forgive
and
encourage
him,
or
else
he
may
be
overwhelmed
by
the intensity
of
his
pain.
So
I
entreat
you
to
assure
him
of
your
love.
I
had
this
further
object,
also,
in
what
I
wrote –
to
find
out
whether
you
might
be
relied
on
to
be
obedient
in
everything.
Anyone
you
forgive,
I
forgive
them,
too.
Indeed,
for
my
part,
whatever
I
have
forgiven (if
I
have
had
to
forgive
anything),
I
have
forgiven
for
your
sakes,
in
the
presence
of
Christ,
so
as
to
prevent
Satan
from
taking
advantage
of
us;
for
we
are
not
ignorant
of
his
devices.
When
I
went
to
the
district
around
Troas
to
tell
the
good
news
of
the
Christ,
even
though
there
was
an
opening
for
serving
the
Master,
I
could
get
no
peace
of
mind
because
I
failed
to
find
Titus,
my
friend;
so
I
took
leave
of
the
people
there,
and
went
on
to
Macedonia.
All
thanks
to
God,
who,
through
our
union
with
the
Christ,
leads
us
in
one
continual
triumph,
and
uses
us
to
spread
the
sweet
perfume
of
the
knowledge
of
him
in
every
place.
For
we
are
the
fragrance
of
Christ
ascending
to
God –
both
among
those
who
are
in
the
path
of
salvation
and
among
those
who
are
in
the
path
to
ruin.
To
the
latter
we
are
a
stench
which
arises
from
death
and
tells
of
death;
to
the
former
a
fragrance
which
arises
from
life
and
tells
of
life.
But
who
is
equal
to
such
a
task?
Unlike
many
people,
we
are
not
in
the
habit
of
making
profit
out
of
God’s
message;
but
in
all
sincerity,
and
bearing
God’s
commission,
we
speak
before
him
in
union
with
Christ.
Are
we
beginning
to
commend
ourselves
again?
Or
are
we
like
some
who
need
letters
of
commendation
to
you,
or
from
you?
You
yourselves
are
our
letter –
a
letter
written
on
our
hearts,
and
one
which
everybody
can
read
and
understand.
All
can
see
that
you
are
a
letter
from
Christ
delivered
by
us,
a
letter
written,
not
with
ink,
but
with
the
Spirit
of
the
living
God,
not
on
tablets
of
stone,
but
on
tablets
of
human
hearts.
The
Ministry
of
the Apostles
This,
then,
is
the
confidence
in
regard
to
God
that
we
have
gained
through
the
Christ.
I
do
not
mean
that
we
are
fit
to
form
any
judgment
by
ourselves,
as
if
on
our
own
authority;
our fitness
comes
from
God,
who
himself
made
us
fit
to
be assistants
of
a
new
covenant,
of
which
the
substance
is,
not
a
written
Law,
but
a
Spirit.
For
the
written
Law
means
death,
but
the
Spirit
gives
life.
If
the system
of religion
which involved
death, embodied
in
a
written
Law
and
engraved
on
stones,
began
amid
such
glory,
that
the
Israelites
were
unable
to
gaze
at
the
face
of
Moses
because
of
its
glory,
though
it
was
but
a
passing
glory,
will
not
the religion
that confers
the
Spirit
have
still
greater
glory?
For,
if
there
was
a
glory
in
the religion
that involved
condemnation,
far
greater
is
the
glory
of
the religion
that confers
righteousness!
Indeed,
that
which
then
had
glory
has
lost
its
glory,
because
of
the
glory
which
surpasses
it.
And,
if
that
which
was
to
pass
away
was
attended
with
glory,
far
more
will
that
which
is
to
endure
be
surrounded
with
glory!
With
such
a
hope
as
this,
we
speak
with
all plainness;
unlike
Moses,
who
covered
his
face
with
a
veil,
to
prevent
the
Israelites
from
gazing
at
the disappearance
of
what
was
passing
away.
But
their
minds
were
slow
to
learn.
Indeed,
to
this
very
day,
at
the
public
reading
of
the
old
covenant,
the
same
veil
remains;
only
for
those
who
are
in
union
with
Christ
does
it
pass
away.
But,
even
to
this
day,
whenever
Moses
is
read,
a
veil
lies
on
their
hearts.
Yet,
whenever
someone
turns
to
the
Lord,
the
veil
is
removed.
And
the
Lord
is
the
Spirit,
and,
where
the
Spirit
of
the
Lord
is,
there
is
freedom.
And
all
of
us,
with
faces
from
which
the
veil
is
lifted,
seeing,
as
if
reflected
in
a
mirror,
the
glory
of
the
Lord,
are
being
transformed
into
his
likeness,
from
glory
to
glory,
as
it
is
given
by
the
Lord,
the
Spirit.
Therefore,
since
it
is
by
God’s
mercy
that
we
are
engaged
in
this
ministry,
we
do
not
lose
heart.
No,
we
have renounced
the secrecy
prompted
by
shame,
refusing
to adopt
crafty
ways,
or
to tamper
with
God’s
message,
and
commending
ourselves
to
everyone’s
conscience,
in
the
sight
of
God,
by
our exhibition
of
the
truth.
And,
even
if
the
good
news
that
we
bring
is
veiled,
it
is
veiled
only
in
the
case
of
those
who
are
on
the
path
to
ruin –
people
whose
minds
have
been
blinded
by
the
God
of
this
age, unbelievers
as
they
are,
so
that
the
light
from
the
good
news
of
the
glory
of
the
Christ,
who
is
the incarnation
of
God,
should
not
shine
for
them.
(For
it
is
not
ourselves
that
we
proclaim,
but
Christ
Jesus,
as
Lord,
and
ourselves
as
your
servants
for
Jesus’
sake.)
Indeed,
the
same
God
who
said ‘Out
of
darkness
light
will
shine,’
has
shone
in
on
our
hearts,
so
that
we
should
bring
out
into
the
light
the
knowledge
of
the
glory
of
God,
seen
in
the
face
of
Christ.
This
treasure
we
have
in
these
earthen
vessels,
so
that
its all-prevailing
power
may
be
seen
to
come
from
God,
and
not
to
be
our
own.
Though
hard
pressed
on
every
side,
we
are
never hemmed
in;
though
perplexed,
never
driven
to
despair;
though
pursued,
never
abandoned;
though
struck
down,
never
killed!
We
always
bear
on
our
bodies
the
marks
of
the
death
that
Jesus
died,
so
that
the
life
also
of
Jesus
may
be
exhibited
in
our
bodies.
Indeed,
we
who
still
live
are
continually
being
given
over
to
death
for
Jesus’
sake,
so
that
the
life
also
of
Jesus
may
be
exhibited
in
our
mortal nature.
And
so,
while
death
is
at
work
within
us,
life
is
at
work
within
you.
But,
in
the
same
spirit
of
faith
as
that
expressed
in
the
words – ‘I
believed,
and
therefore
I
spoke,’
we,
also
believe,
and
therefore
speak.
For
we
know
that
he
who
raised
the
Lord
Jesus
will
raise
us
also
with
him,
and
will
bring
us,
with
you,
into
his
presence.
For
all
this
is
for
your
sakes,
so
that
the
loving
kindness
of
God,
spreading
from
heart
to
heart,
may
cause
yet
more
hearts
to
overflow
with
thanksgiving,
to
his
glory.
Therefore,
as
I
said,
we
do
not
lose
heart.
No,
even
though outwardly
we
are
wasting
away,
yet
inwardly
we
are
being
renewed
day
by
day.
The
light
burden
of
our
momentary
trouble
is
preparing
for
us
a
weight
of imperishable
glory,
beyond
all
measure.
We,
all
the
while,
gaze
not
on
what
is
seen,
but
on
what
is unseen.
For
what
is
seen
is
transient,
but
what
is unseen
is imperishable.
For
we
know
that
if
our
tent –
that
earthly
body
which
is
now
our
home –
is
taken
down,
we
have
a
house
of
God’s
building,
a
home
not
made
by
hands, imperishable,
in
heaven.
Even
while
in
our
present
body
we
sigh,
longing
to
put
over
it
our
heavenly
house,
sure
that,
when
we
have
put
it
on,
we
will
never
be
found
naked.
For
we
who
are
in
this
tent
sigh
under
our
burden,
unwilling
to
take
it
off,
yet
wishing
to
put
our
heavenly
body
over
it,
so
that
all
that
is
mortal
may
be absorbed
in
life.
And
he
who
has
prepared
us
for
this
change
is
God,
who
has
also
given
us
his
Spirit
as
a
pledge.
Therefore
we
are
always
confident,
knowing
that,
while
our
home
is
in
the
body,
we
are
absent
from
our
home
with
the
Lord.
For
we
guide
our
lives
by
faith,
and
not
by
what
we
see.
And
in
this
confidence
we
would
gladly
leave
our
home
in
the
body,
and
make
our
home
with
the
Lord.
Therefore,
whether
in
our
home
or
absent
from
our
home,
our
one
ambition
is
to
please
him.
For
at
the
court
of
the
Christ
we
must
all
appear
in
our
true characters,
so
that
each
may
reap
the
results
of
the
life
which
he
has
lived
in
the
body,
in
accordance
with
his
actions –
whether
good
or
worthless.
Therefore,
because
we
know
the
fear
inspired
by
the
Lord,
it
is
true
that
we
are
trying
to
win
people
over,
but
our
motives
are
plain
to
God;
and
I
hope
that
in
your
inmost
hearts
they
are
plain
to
you
also.
We
are
not “commending
ourselves”
again
to
you,
but
rather
are
giving
you
cause
for
pride
in
us,
so
that
you
may
have
an
answer
ready
for
those
who
pride
themselves
on
appearances
and
not
on
character.
For,
if
we
were “beside
ourselves,”
it
was
in
God’s
service!
If
we
are
not
in
our
senses,
it
is
in
yours!
It
is
the
love
of
the
Christ
which compels
us,
when
we reflect
that,
as
one
died
for
all,
therefore
all
died;
and
that
he
died
for
all,
so
that
the
living
should
no
longer
live
for
themselves,
but
for
him
who
died
and
rose
for
them.
For
ourselves,
then,
from
this
time
forward,
we
refuse
to
regard
anyone
from
the world’s
standpoint.
Even
if
we
once
thought
of
Christ
from
the
standpoint
of
the
world,
yet
now
we
do
so
no
longer.
Therefore,
if
anyone
is
in
union
with
Christ,
he
is
a
new
being!
His
old
life
has
passed
away;
a
new
life
has
begun!
But
all
this
is
the
work
of
God,
who
reconciled
us
to
himself
through
Christ,
and
gave
us
the
ministry
of
reconciliation –
To
proclaim
that
God,
in
Christ,
was
reconciling
the
world
to
himself,
not
reckoning
people’s
offenses
against
them,
and
that
he
had
entrusted
us
with
the
message
of
this
reconciliation.
It
is,
then,
on
Christ’s
behalf
that
we
are
acting
as
ambassadors,
God,
as
it
were,
appealing
to
you
through
us.
We
implore
you
on
Christ’s
behalf –
Be
reconciled
to
God.
For
our
sake
God
made Christ,
who
was
innocent
of
sin,
one
with
our sinfulness,
so
that
in
him
we
might
be
made
one
with
the
righteousness
of
God.
Therefore,
as
God’s
fellow
workers,
we
also
appeal
to
you
not
to
receive
his
loving
kindness
in
vain.
For
he
says –
‘At
the
time
for
acceptance
I
listened
to
you,
and
on
the
day
of
deliverance
I
helped
you.’
Now
is
the
time
for
acceptance!
Now
is
the
day
of
deliverance!
Never
do
we
put
an
obstacle
in
anyone’s
way,
so
that
no
fault
may
be
found
with
our
ministry.
No,
we
are
trying
to
commend
ourselves
under
all
circumstances,
as
God’s assistants
should –
in
many
an
hour
of
endurance,
in
troubles,
in hardships,
in
difficulties,
in floggings,
in
imprisonments,
in riots,
in
toils,
in sleepless
nights,
in
hunger;
by
purity,
by
knowledge,
by
patience,
by kindliness,
by
holiness
of
spirit,
by unfeigned
love;
by
the
message
of
truth,
and
by
the
power
of
God;
by
the
weapons
of
righteousness
in
the
right
hand
and
in
the
left;
amid
honor
and disrepute,
amid
slander
and
praise;
regarded
as
deceivers,
yet
proved
to
be
true;
as
unknown,
yet
well-known;
as
at death’s
door,
yet,
see,
we
are
living;
as
chastised,
yet
not
killed;
as
saddened,
yet
always
rejoicing;
as
poor,
yet enriching
many;
as
having
nothing,
and
yet
possessing
all
things!
The Apostle
and
his
Converts
We
have
been
speaking
freely
to
you,
dear
friends
in Corinth;
we
have
opened
our
heart;
there
is
room
there
for
you,
yet
there
is
not
room,
in
your
love,
for
us.
Can
you
not
in
return –
I
appeal
to
you
as
I
should
to
children –
open
your
hearts
to
us?
Do
not
enter
into inconsistent
relations
with
those
who
reject
the
faith.
For
what
partnership
can
there
be
between
righteousness
and lawlessness?
Or
what
has
light
to
do
with
darkness?
What
harmony
can
there
be
between
Christ
and
Belial?
Or
what
can
those
who
accept
the
faith
have
in
common
with
those
who
reject
it?
What
agreement
can
there
be
between
a
temple
of
God
and
idols?
And
we
are
a
temple
of
the
living
God.
That
is
what
God
meant
when
he
said –
‘I
will
live
among
them,
and
walk
among
them;
and
I
will
be
their
God,
and
they
will
be
my
people.
Therefore “Come
out
from
among
the
nations,
and
separate
yourselves
from
them,”
says
the
Lord,
“And
touch
nothing
impure;
and
I
will
welcome
you;
and
I
will
be
a
father
to
you,
and
you
will
be
my
sons
and
daughters,”
says
the
Lord,
the
Ruler
of
all.’
With
these
promises,
dear
friends,
let
us
purify
ourselves
from
everything
that
pollutes
either
body
or
spirit,
and,
in deepest
respect
for
God,
aim
at
perfect
holiness.
Make
room
for
us
in
your
hearts.
In
no instance
have
we
ever
wronged,
or
harmed,
or
taken
advantage
of,
anyone.
I
am
not
saying
this
to
condemn
you.
Indeed,
I
have
already
said
that
you
are
in
our
heart,
to
live
and
die
together.
I
have
the
utmost
confidence
in
you;
I
am
always
boasting
about
you.
I
am
full
of
encouragement
and,
in
spite
of
all
our
troubles,
my
heart
is
overflowing
with
happiness.
Ever
since
we
reached
Macedonia,
we
have
had
no
rest
in
body
or
mind;
on
every
side
there
have
been
troubles –
conflicts
without, anxieties
within.
But
God,
who
encourages
the downcast,
has
encouraged
us
by
the
arrival
of
Titus.
And
it
is
not
only
by
his
arrival
that
we
are
encouraged,
but
also
by
the
encouragement
which
he
received
from
you;
for
he
tells
us
of
your
strong
affection,
your penitence,
and
your
zeal
on
my
behalf –
so
that
I
am happier
still.
For,
though
I
caused
you
sorrow
by
my
letter,
I
do
not
regret
it.
Even
if
I
were
inclined
to
regret
it –
for
I
see
that
my
letter
did
cause
you
sorrow
though
only
for
a
time –
I
am
glad
now;
not
because
of
the
sorrow
it
caused
you,
but
because
your
sorrow
brought
you
to
repentance.
For
it
was
God’s
will
that
you
should
feel
sorrow,
in
order
that
you
should
not
suffer
loss
in
any
way
at
our
hands.
For,
when
sorrow
is
in
accordance
with
God’s
will,
it
results
in
a
repentance
leading
to
salvation,
and
which
will
never
be
regretted.
The
sure
result
of
the
sorrow
that
the
world
knows
is
death.
For
see
what
results
that
other
sorrow –
sorrow
in
accordance
with
God’s
will –
has
had
in
your
case.
What
earnestness
it
produced!
What
explanations!
What
strong feeling!
What
alarm!
What
longing!
What
eagerness!
What
readiness
to
punish!
You
have
proved
yourselves
altogether
free
from
guilt
in
that
matter.
So,
then,
even
though
I
did
write
to
you,
it
was
not
for
the
sake
of
the
wrongdoer,
or
of
the
man
who
was
wronged,
but
to
make
you
conscious,
in
the
sight
of
God,
of
your
own
earnest
care
for
us.
And
it
is
this
that
has
encouraged
us.
In
addition
to
the
encouragement
that
this
gave
us,
we
were
made
far happier
still
by
the
happiness
of
Titus
for
his
heart
has
been cheered
by
you
all.
Although
I
have
been
boasting
a
little
to
him
about
you,
you
did
not
put
me
to
shame;
but,
just
as
every
thing
we
had
said
to
you
was
true,
so
our
boasting
to
Titus
about
you
has
also
proved
to
be
the
truth.
And
his
affection
for
you
is
all
the
greater,
as
he
remembers
the deference
that
you
all
showed
him,
and
recalls
how
you
received
him
with
anxious
care.
I
am
glad
that
I
can
feel
perfect
confidence
in
you.
The Palestine Famine Fund
We
want
to
remind
you,
friends,
of
the
love
that
God
has
shown
to
the
churches
in
Macedonia –
How,
tired
though
they
were
by
many
a
trouble,
their
overflowing
happiness,
and
even
their
deep
poverty,
resulted
in
a
flood
of generosity.
I
can
bear
witness
that
to
the
full
extent
of
their
power,
and
even
beyond
their
power, spontaneously,
and
with
many
an
appeal
to
us
for
permission,
they
showed
their
love,
and
contributed
their
share towards
the fund
for
their
fellow Christians.
And
that,
not
only
in
the
way
we
had
expected;
but
first
they
gave
themselves
to
the
Lord,
and
to
us
also,
in
accordance
with
God’s
will.
And
this
led
us
to
beg
Titus,
that
since
he
had
started
the
work
for
you,
he
should
also
see
to
the
completion
of
this
expression
of
your
love.
And,
remembering
how
you
excel
in
everything –
in
faith,
in
teaching,
in
knowledge,
in unfailing
earnestness,
and
in
the
affection
that
we
have
awakened
in
you –
I
ask
you
to
excel
also
in
this
expression
of
your
love.
I
am
not
laying
a
command
on
you,
but
I
am
making
use
of
the
earnestness
shown
by
others
to
test
the genuineness
of
your
affection.
For
you
do
not
forget
the
loving
kindness
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ –
how
that
for
your
sakes,
although
he
was
rich,
he
became
poor,
so
that
you
also
might
become
rich
through
his
poverty.
I
am
only
making suggestions
on
this
matter;
for
this
is
the
best
course
for
you,
since
you
were
a
year
before
others,
not
only
in
taking
action,
but
also
in
showing
your
readiness
to
do
so.
And
now
I
want
you
to
complete
the
work,
so
that
its
completion
may
correspond
with
your
willing
readiness –
in
proportion,
of
course,
to
your
means.
For,
where
there
is willingness,
a
person’s
gift
is
valued
by
its
comparison
with
what
they
have,
and
not
with
what
they
do
not
have.
For
our
object
is
not
to
give
relief
to
others
and
bring
distress
on
you.
It
is
a
matter
of
a
fair
balance.
On
this
occasion
what
you
can
spare
will
supply
what
they
need,
at
another
time
what
they
can
spare
may
supply
your
need,
and
so
things
will
be
equal.
As
scripture
says –
‘Those
who
had
much
had
nothing
over,
and
those
who
had
little
did
not
lack!’
I
thank
God
for inspiring
Titus
with
the
same
keen
interest
in
your
welfare
that
I
have;
for Titus
has
responded
to
my appeals
and,
in
his
great
earnestness,
is
starting
to
go
to
you
of
his
own
accord.
We
are
sending
with
him
one
of
the
Lord’s
followers
whose
fame
in
the
service
of
the
good
news
has
spread
through
all
the
churches;
and
not
only
that,
but
he
has
been elected
by
the
churches
to
accompany
us
on
our
journey,
in connexion
with
this
expression
of
your
love,
which
we
are
personally administering
to
the
honor
of
the
Lord,
and
to
show
our
deep
interest.
What
we
are specially
guarding
against
is
that
any
fault
should
be
found
with
us
in
regard
to
our
administration
of
this charitable fund;
for
we
are
trying
to
make
arrangements
which
will
be
right,
not
only
in
the
eyes
of
the
Lord,
but
also
in
the
eyes
of
people.
We
are
also
sending
with
them
another
of
our
friends,
whose earnestness
we
have
many
a
time
proved
in
many
ways,
and
whom
we
now
find
made
even
more
earnest
by
his
great
confidence
in
you.
If
I
must
say
anything
about
Titus,
he
is
my
intimate
companion,
and
he
shares
my
work
for
you;
if
it
is
our
friends,
they
are delegates
of
the
churches,
an
honor
to
Christ.
Show
them,
therefore –
so
that
the
churches
may
see
it –
the
proof
of
your
affection,
and
the
ground
for
our
boasting
to
them
about
you.
With
reference,
indeed,
to
the fund
for
your
fellow Christians,
it
is
quite
superfluous
for
me
to
say
anything
to
you.
I
know,
of
course,
your willingness
to
help,
and
I
am
always
boasting
of
it
to
the
Macedonians.
I
tell
them
that
you
in
Greece
have
been
ready
for
a
year
past;
and
it
was
really
your
zeal
that stimulated
most
of
them.
So
my
reason
for
sending
our
friends
is
to
prevent
what
we
said
about
you
from proving,
in
this
particular
matter,
an
empty
boast,
and
to
enable
you
to
be
as
well
prepared
as
I
have
been
saying
that
you
are.
Otherwise,
if
any
Macedonians
were
to
come
with
me,
and
find
you unprepared,
we –
to
say
nothing
of
you –
should
feel
ashamed
of
our
present
confidence.
Therefore
I
think
it
necessary
to
beg
the
friends
to
go
to
you
in
advance,
and
to
complete
the
arrangements
for
the
gift,
which
you
have
already
promised,
so
that
it
may
be
ready,
as
a
gift,
before
I
come,
and
not
look
as
if
it
were
being
given
under
pressure.
Remember
the
saying – ‘Scanty
sowing, scanty
harvest;
plentiful
sowing,
plentiful
harvest.’
Let
everyone
give
as
he
has
determined
before
hand,
not
grudgingly
or
under
compulsion;
for
God
loves
a
cheerful
giver.
God
has
power
to
shower
all
kinds
of
blessings
on
you,
so
that,
having,
under
all
circumstances
and
on
all
occasions,
all
that
you
can
need,
you
may
be
able
to
shower
all
kinds
of
benefits
on
others.
(As
scripture
says –
‘He
shared
freely,
he
gave
to
the
poor;
his
righteousness
continues
for
ever.’
And
he
who
supplies
seed
to
the
sower,
and
bread
for
eating,
will
supply
you
with
seed,
and
cause
it
to
increase,
and
will
multiply
the
fruits
of
your
righteousness).
Rich
in
all
things
yourselves,
you
will
be
able
to
show liberality
to
all,
which,
with
our
help,
will
cause
thanksgiving
to
be
offered
to
God.
For
the
rendering
of
a
public
service
such
as
this,
not
only relieves
the
needs
of
your
fellow Christians,
but
also
results
in
the
offering
to
God
of
many
a
thanksgiving.
Through
the
evidence afforded
by
the
service
rendered,
you
cause
people
to
praise
God
for
your
fidelity
to
your
profession
of
faith
in
the
good
news
of
the
Christ,
as
well
as
for
the liberality
of
your
contributions
for
them
and
for
all
others.
And
they
also,
in
their
prayers
for
you,
express
their
longing
to
see
you,
because
of
the
surpassing
love
of
God
displayed
toward
you.
All
thanks
to
God
for
his inestimable
gift!
The Apostle’s Claims and Authority
Now,
I,
Paul,
make
a
personal
appeal
to
you
by
the
meekness
and
gentleness
of
the
Christ –
I
who, “in
your
presence,
am
humble
in
my
bearing towards
you,
but,
when
absent,
am
bold
in
my
language
to
you” –
I
implore
you
not
to
drive
me
to “show
my
boldness,”
when
I
do
come,
by
the
confident tone
which
I
expect
to
have
to adopt towards
some
of
you,
who
are expecting
to
find
us
influenced
in
our
conduct
by
earthly
motives.
For,
though
we
live
an
earthly
life,
we
do
not
wage
an
earthly
war.
The
weapons
for
our
warfare
are
not earthly,
but,
under
God,
are
powerful
enough
to
pull
down
strongholds.
We
are
engaged
in confuting
arguments
and pulling
down
every
barrier
raised
against
the
knowledge
of
God.
We
are
taking
captive
every
hostile
thought,
to
bring
it
into
submission
to
the
Christ,
and
are
fully
prepared
to
punish
every
act
of
rebellion,
when
once
your
submission
is
complete.
You
look
at
the
outward
appearance
of
things!
Let
anyone,
who
is
confident
that
he
belongs
to
Christ, reflect,
for
himself,
again
on
the
fact –
that
we
belong
to
Christ
no
less
than
he
does.
Even
if
I
boast extravagantly
about
our
authority –
which
the
Lord
gave
us
for
building
up
your
faith
and
not
for overthrowing
it –
still
I
have
no
reason
to
be
ashamed.
I
say
this
so
that
it
doesn’t
seem
as
if
I
am
trying
to overawe
you
by
my
letters.
For
people
say “His
letters
are
impressive
and
vigorous,
but
his
personal
appearance
is
insignificant
and
his
speaking
contemptible.”
Let
such
a
person
be
assured
of
this –
that
our
words
in
our
letters
show
us
to
be,
when
absent,
just
what
our
deeds
will
show
us
to
be,
when
present.
We
have
not
indeed
the audacity
to
class
or
compare
ourselves
with
some
of
those
who indulge
in self-commendation!
But,
when
such
persons
measure
themselves
by
themselves,
and
compare
themselves
with
themselves,
they
show
a
want
of
wisdom.
We,
however,
will
not
give
way
to unlimited
boasting,
but
will
confine
ourselves
to
the
limits
of
the
sphere
to
which
God
limited
us,
when
he
permitted
us
to
come
as
far
as Corinth.
For
it
is
not
the
case,
as
it
would
be
if
we
were
not
in
the
habit
of
coming
to
you,
that
we
are
exceeding
our
bounds!
Why,
we
were
the
very
first
to
reach
you
with
the
good
news
of
the
Christ!
Our
boasting,
therefore,
is
not unlimited,
nor
does
it
extend
to
the
labors
of
others;
but
our
hope
is
that,
as
your
faith
grows,
our
influence
among
you
may
be
very
greatly
increased –
though
still
confined
to
our
sphere –
So
that
we
will
be
able
to
tell
the
good
news
in
the
districts
beyond
you,
without
trespassing
on
the
sphere
assigned
to
others,
or
boasting
of
what
has
been
already
done.
Let
anyone
who
boasts
make
their
boast
of
the
Lord.
For
it
is
not
those
who
commend
themselves
that
stand
the
test,
but
those
who
are
commended
by
the
Lord.
I
could
wish
that
you
would
tolerate
a
little
folly
in
me!
But
indeed
you
do
tolerate
me.
I
am
jealous
over
you
with
the
jealousy
of
God.
For
I
promised
you
in
marriage
as
a
pure
bride,
to
one
husband –
the
Christ.
Yet
I
fear
that
it
may
turn
out
that,
just
as
the
snake
by
his
craftiness
deceived
Eve,
so
your
minds
may
have
lost
the
loyalty
and
purity
due
from
you
to
the
Christ.
For,
if
some newcomer
is
proclaiming
a
Jesus
other
than
him
whom
we
proclaimed,
or
if
you
are
receiving
a
Spirit
different
from
the
Spirit
which
you
received,
or
a
good
news
different
from
that
which
you
welcomed,
then
you
are
marvelously tolerant!
I
do
not
regard
myself
as
in
any
way
inferior
to
the
most
eminent apostles!
Though
I
am
no
trained
orator,
yet
I
am
not
without
knowledge;
indeed
we
made
this
perfectly
clear
to
you
in
every
way.
Perhaps
you
say
that
I
did
wrong
in
humbling
myself
that
you
might
be
exalted –
I
mean
because
I
told
you
God’s
good
news
without
payment.
I
robbed
other
churches
by
taking
pay
from
them,
so
that
I
might
serve
you!
And,
when
I
was
with
you
in
need,
I
did
not
become
a
burden
to
any
of
you;
for
our
friends,
on
coming
from
Macedonia,
supplied
my
needs.
I
kept
myself,
and
will
keep
myself
from
being
an
expense
to
you
in
any
way.
As
surely
as
I
know
anything
of
the
truth
of
Christ,
this
boast,
as
far
as
I
am
concerned,
will
not
be
stopped
in
any
part
of
Greece.
Why?
Because
I
do
not
love
you?
God
knows
that
I
do!
What
I
am
doing
now
I
will
continue
to
do
in
order
to
cut
away
the
ground
from
under
those
who
are
wishing
for
some
ground
for
attacking
me,
so
that
as
regards
the
thing
of
which
they
boast
they
may
appear
in
their
true characters,
just
as
we
do.
Such
people
are
false
apostles,
treacherous
workers,
disguising
themselves
as
apostles
of
Christ!
And
no
wonder;
for
even
Satan
disguises
himself
as
an
angel
of
light.
It
is
not
surprising,
therefore,
if
his
servants
also
disguise
themselves
as
servants
of
righteousness.
But
their
end
will
be
in
accordance
with
their
actions.
I
say
again –
Let
no
one
think
me
a
fool!
Yet,
if
you
do,
at
least
welcome
me
as
you
would
a
fool,
so
that
I,
too
may indulge
in
a
little
boasting.
When
I
speak
like
this,
I
am
not
speaking
as
the
Master
would,
but
as
a
fool
might,
in
boasting
so
confidently.
As
so
many
are
boasting
of
earthly
things,
I,
too,
will
boast.
For
all
your cleverness,
you
tolerate
fools
willingly
enough!
You
tolerate
a
person
even
when
they enslave
you,
when
they
plunder
you,
when
they
get
you
into
their
power,
when
they
put
on airs
of superiority,
when
they
strike
you
in
the
face!
I
admit,
to
my
shame,
that
we
have
been
weak.
But
whatever
the
subject
on
which
others
are
not
afraid
to
boast –
though
it
is
foolish
to
say
so –
I
am
not
afraid
either!
Are
they
Hebrews?
So
am
I!
Are
they
Israelites?
So
am
I!
Are
they
descendants
of
Abraham?
So
am
I!
Are
they ‘Servants
of Christ’?
Though
it
is
madness
to
talk
like
this,
I
am
more
so
than
they!
I
have
had
more
of
toil,
more
of
imprisonment!
I
have
been
flogged
times
without
number.
I
have
been
often
at death’s
door.
Five
times
I
received
at
the
hands
of
my
own
people
forty lashes,
all
but
one.
Three
times
I
was
beaten
with
rods.
Once
I
was
stoned.
Three
times
I
was
shipwrecked.
I
have
spent
a
whole
day
and
night
in
the
deep.
My
journeys
have
been
many.
I
have
been
through
dangers
from
rivers,
dangers
from
robbers,
dangers
from
my
own
people,
dangers
from
the
Gentiles,
dangers
in
towns,
dangers
in
the
country,
dangers
on
the
sea,
dangers
among
people
pretending
to
be
followers
of
the
Lord.
I
have
been
through
toil
and
hardship.
I
have
passed
many
a sleepless
night;
I
have
endured
hunger
and
thirst;
I
have
often
been
without
food;
I
have
known
cold
and
nakedness.
And,
not
to
speak
of
other
things,
there
is
my
daily
burden
of
anxiety
about
all
the
churches.
Who
is
weak
without
my
being
weak?
Who
is
led
astray
without
my
burning
with
indignation?
If
I
must
boast,
I
will
boast
of
things
which
show
my
weakness!
The
God
and
Father
of
the
Lord
Jesus –
he
who
is
for
ever
blessed –
knows
that
I
am
speaking
the
truth.
When
I
was
in
Damascus,
the
Governor
under
King Aretas
had
the
gates
of
that
city
guarded,
so
as
to
arrest
me,
but
I
was
let
down
in
a
basket
through
a
window
in
the
wall,
and
so
escaped
his
hands.
I
must
boast!
It
is
unprofitable;
but
I
will
pass
to
visions
and revelations
given
by
the
Lord.
I
know
a
man
in
union
with
Christ,
who,
fourteen
years
ago –
whether
in
the
body
or
out
of
the
body
I
do
not
know;
God
knows –
was
caught
up (this
man
of
whom
I
am
speaking)
to
the
third
heaven.
And
I
know
that
this
man –
whether
in
the
body
or
separated
from
the
body
I
do
not
know;
God
knows –
Was
caught
up
into
Paradise,
and
heard unspeakable
things
of
which
no
human
being
may
tell.
About
such
a
man
I
will
boast,
but
about
myself
I
will
not
boast
except
as
regards
my weaknesses.
Yet
if
I
choose
to
boast,
I
will
not
be
a
fool;
for
I
will
be
speaking
no
more
than
the
truth.
But
I
refrain,
in
case
anyone
should
credit
me
with
more
than
he
can
see
in
me
or
hear
from
me,
and
because
of
the
marvelous
character
of
the revelations.
It
was
for
this
reason,
and
to
prevent
my
thinking
too
highly
of
myself,
that
a
thorn
was
sent
to
pierce
my
flesh –
an
instrument
of
Satan
to
discipline
me –
so
that
I
should
not
think
too
highly
of
myself.
About
this
I
three
times
entreated
the
Lord,
praying
that
it
might
leave
me.
But
his
reply
has
been –
‘My
help
is
enough
for
you;
for
my
strength
attains
its
perfection
in
the
midst
of
weakness.’
Most
gladly,
then,
will
I
boast
all
the
more
of
my weaknesses,
so
that
the
strength
of
the
Christ
may overshadow
me.
That
is
why
I
delight
in
weakness,
ill treatment,
hardship,
persecution,
and
difficulties,
when
borne
for
Christ.
For,
when
I
am
weak,
then
it
is
that
I
am
strong!
Conclusion
I
have
been “playing
the
fool!”
It
is
you
who
drove
me
to
it.
For
it
is
you
who
ought
to
have
been
commending
me!
Although
I
am
nobody,
in
no
respect
did
I
prove
inferior
to
the
most
eminent apostles.
The
marks
of
the
true apostle
were
exhibited
among
you
in
constant
endurance,
as
well
as
by
signs,
by
marvels,
and
by
miracles.
In
what
respect,
I
ask,
were
you
treated
worse
than
the
other
churches,
unless
it
was
that,
for
my
part,
I
refused
to
become
a
burden
to
you?
Forgive
me
the
wrong
I
did
to
you!
Remember,
this
is
the
third
time
that
I
have
made
every
preparation
to
come
to
see
you,
and
I
will
refuse
to
be
a
burden
to
you;
I
want,
not
your
money,
but
you.
It
is
not
the
duty
of
children
to
put
by
for
their
parents,
but
of
parents
to
put
by
for
their
children.
For
my
part,
I
will
most
gladly
spend,
and
be
spent,
for
your
welfare.
Can
it
be
that
the
more
intensely
I
love
you
the
less
I
am
to
be
loved?
You
will
admit
that
I
was
not
a
burden
to
you
but
you
say
that
I
was “crafty”
and
caught
you “by
a trick”!
Do
you
assert
that
I
took
advantage
of
you
through
any
of
those
whom
I
have
sent
to
you?
I
urged
Titus
to
go,
and
I
sent
another follower
with
him.
Did
Titus
take
any
advantage
of
you?
Didn’t
we
live
in
the
same
Spirit,
and
tread
in
the
same
footsteps?
Have
you
all
this
time
been fancying
that
it
is
to
you
that
we
are
making
our
defense?
No,
it
is
in
the
sight
of
God,
and
in
union
with
Christ,
that
we
are
speaking.
And
all
this,
dear
friends,
is
to
build
up
your characters;
for
I
am
afraid
that
perhaps,
when
I
come,
I
may
find
that
you
are
not
what
I
want
you
to
be,
and,
on
the
other
hand,
that
you
may
find
that
I
am
what
you
do
not
want
me
to
be.
I
am
afraid
that
I
may
find
quarreling,
jealousy,
ill feeling,
rivalry, slandering,
backbiting, self-assertion,
and disorder.
I
am
afraid
that,
on
my
next
visit,
my
God
may
humble
me
in
regard
to
you,
and
that
I
may
have
to
mourn
over
many
who
have
long
been
sinning,
and
have
not
repented
of
the
impurity,
immorality,
and sensuality,
in
which
they
have indulged.
For
the
third
time
I
am
coming
to
see
you.
By
the
word
of
two
or
three
witnesses
each
statement
will
be
established.
I
have
said
it,
and
I
say
it
again
before
I
come,
just
as
if
I
were
with
you
on
my
second
visit,
though
for
the
moment
absent,
I
say
to
those
who
have
been
long
sinning,
as
well
as
to
all
others –
that
if
I
come
again,
I
will
spare
no
one.
And
that
will
be
the
proof,
which
you
are
looking
for,
that
the
Christ
speaks
through
me.
There
is
no
weakness
in
his
dealings
with
you.
No,
he
shows
his
power
among
you.
For
though
his
crucifixion
was
due
to
weakness,
his
life
is
due
to
the
power
of
God.
And
we,
also,
are
weak
in
his
weakness,
but
with
him
we
will
live
for
you
through
the
power
of
God.
Put
yourselves
to
the
test,
to
see
whether
you
are
holding
to
the
faith.
Examine
yourselves.
Surely
you
recognize
this
fact
about
yourselves –
that
Jesus
Christ
is
in
you!
Unless
indeed
you
cannot
stand
the
test!
But
I
hope
that
you
will
recognize
that
we
can
stand
the
test.
We
pray
to
God
that
you
may
do
nothing
wrong,
not
that
we
may
be
seen
to
stand
the
test,
but
that
you
may
do
what
is
right,
even
though
we
may
seem
not
to
stand
the
test.
We
have
no
power
at
all
against
the
truth,
but
we
have
power
in
the
service
of
the
truth.
We
are
glad
when
we
are
weak,
if
you
are
strong.
And
what
we
pray
for
is
that
you
may
become
perfect.
This
is
my
reason
for
writing
as
I
am
now
doing,
while
I
am
away
from
you,
so
that,
when
I
am
with
you,
I
may
not
act
harshly
in
the
exercise
of
the
authority
which
the
Lord
gave
me –
and
gave
me
for
building
up
and
not
for pulling
down.
And
now,
friends, goodbye.
Aim
at
perfection;
take
courage;
agree
together;
live
in
peace.
And
then
God,
the
source
of
all
love
and
peace,
will
be
with
you.
Greet
one
another
with
a
sacred
kiss.
All
Christ’s
people
here
send
you
their greetings.
May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord Jesus Christ,
and
the
love
of
God,
and
the communion
with
the
Holy
Spirit,
be
with
you
all.
Galatians
Paul’s Letter to the Galatians
Galatians
Paul’s Letter to the
Galatians
Introduction
To
the churches
in Galatia,
from
Paul,
an apostle
whose
commission
is
not
from
any
human
authority
and
is
given,
not
by
human
beings,
but
by
Jesus
Christ
and
God
the
Father
who
raised
him
from
the
dead;
and
from
all
the
followers
of
the
Lord
here.
May
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
For
Christ,
to
rescue
us
from
this
present
wicked
age,
gave
himself
for
our
sins,
in
accordance
with
the
will
of
our
God
and
Father,
to
whom
be
ascribed
all
glory
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.
I
am
astonished
at
your
so
soon
deserting
him,
who
called
you
through
the
love
of
Christ,
for
a
different ‘good
news,’
which
is
really
no
good
news
at
all.
But
then,
I
know
that
there
are
people
who
are harassing
you,
and
who
want
to
pervert
the
good
news
of
the
Christ.
Yet
even
if
we –
or
if
an
angel
from
heaven
were
to
tell
you
any
other ‘good news’
than
that
which
we
told
you,
may
he
be
accursed!
We
have
said
it
before,
and
I
repeat
it
now –
If
anyone
tells
you
a ‘good news’
other
than
that
which
you
received,
may
he
be
accursed!
Is
this,
I
ask,
trying
to conciliate
people,
or
God?
Am
I
seeking
to
please
people?
If
I
were
still
trying
to
please
people,
I
should
not
be
a
servant
of
Christ.
The Independence
of
the Apostle’s Gospel
I
remind
you,
friends,
that
the
good
news
which
I
told
is
no
mere
human invention.
I,
at
least,
did
not
receive
it
from
any
human
being,
nor
was
I
taught
it,
but
it
came
to
me
through
a
revelation
made
by
Jesus
Christ.
You
heard,
no
doubt,
of
my
conduct
when
I
was
devoted
to
Judaism –
how
I
persecuted
the
church
of
God
to
an
extent
beyond
belief,
and
tried
to
destroy
it,
and
how,
in
my
devotion
to
Judaism,
I
surpassed
many
of
my
contemporaries
among
my
own
people
in
my
intense earnestness
in upholding
the
traditions
of
my
ancestors.
But
when
God,
who
had
set
me
apart
even
before
my
birth,
and
who
called
me
by
his
love,
saw
fit
to
reveal
his
Son
in
me,
so
that
I
might
tell
the
good
news
of
him
among
the
Gentiles,
then
at
once,
instead
of
consulting
any
human
being,
or
even
going
up
to
Jerusalem
to
see
those
who
were apostles
before
me,
I
went
to
Arabia,
and
came
back
again
to
Damascus.
Three
years
afterward
I
went
up
to
Jerusalem
to
make
the
acquaintance
of
Peter,
and
I
stayed
a fortnight
with
him.
I
did
not,
however,
see
any
other apostle,
except
James,
the
Master’s
brother.
(As
to
what
I
am
now
writing
to
you,
I
call
God
to
witness
that
I
am
speaking
the
truth).
Afterward
I
went
to
the
districts
of
Syria
and
Cilicia.
But
I
was
still
unknown
even
by
sight
to
the Christian
churches
in
Judea;
all
that
they
had
heard
was – ‘The
man
who
once
persecuted
us
is
now
telling
the
good
news
of
the
faith
of
which
he
once
tried
to
destroy.’
And
they
praised
God
for
my
sake.
Fourteen
years
afterward
I
went
up
to
Jerusalem
again
with Barnabas,
and
I
took
Titus
also
with
me.
It
was
in
obedience
to
a
revelation
that
I
went;
and
I
laid
before
the apostles
the
good
news
that
I
am
proclaiming
among
the
Gentiles.
I
did
this
privately
before
those
who
are
thought
highly
of
because
I
was
afraid
that
I
might
possibly
be
taking,
or
might
have
already
taken,
a
course
which
would
prove
useless.
Yet
even
my
companion,
Titus,
though
a
Greek,
was
not
compelled
to
be
circumcised.
But,
because
of
those
who
pretended
to
be
followers
who
had
stolen
in,
the intruders
who
had crept
in
to
spy
on
the
liberty
which
we
have
through
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
in
order
to
bring
us
back
to
slavery –
Why,
we
did
not
for
a
moment
yield
submission
to
them,
so
that
the
truth
of
the
good
news
might
be
yours
always!
Of
those
who
are
thought
somewhat
highly
of –
what
they
once
were
makes
no
difference
to
me;
God
does
not
recognize
human distinctions –
those,
I
say,
who
are
thought
highly
of
added
nothing
to
my
message.
On
the
contrary,
they
saw
that
I
had
been
entrusted
with
the
good
news
for
the
Gentiles,
just
as
Peter
had
been
for
the
Jews.
For
he
who
gave
Peter
power
for
his
mission
to
the
Jews
gave
me,
also,
power
to
go
to
the
Gentiles.
Recognizing
the
charge
entrusted
to
me,
James,
Peter,
and
John,
who
were
regarded
as
pillars
of
the church,
openly
acknowledged Barnabas
and
me
as
fellow
workers,
agreeing
that
we
should
go
to
the
Gentiles,
and
they
to
the
Jews.
Only
we
were
to
remember
the
poor –
the
thing
I
was
myself
anxious
to
do.
But,
when Peter
came
to Antioch,
I
opposed
him
to
his
face;
for
he
stood self-condemned.
Before
certain
persons
came
from
James,
he
had
been
in
the
habit
of
eating
with
the
Gentile
converts;
but,
when
they
came,
he
began
to
withdraw
and
hold
aloof,
because
he
was
afraid
of offending
those
who
still
held
to
circumcision.
The
rest
of
the
Jewish
converts
were
guilty
of
the
same
hypocrisy,
so
that
even Barnabas
was
led
away
by
it.
But,
when
I
saw
that
they
were
not dealing straightforwardly
with
the
truth
of
the
good
news,
I
said
to
Peter,
before
them
all, “If
you,
who
were
born
a
Jew, adopt
Gentile
customs,
instead
of
Jewish,
why
are
you
trying
to
compel
the
Gentile
converts
to adopt
Jewish
customs?”
The
Law
and
the
Gospel
We,
though
we
are
Jews
by
birth
and
not
sinners
of
Gentile
origin,
know
that
no
one
is
pronounced
righteous
as
the
result
of
obedience
to
Law,
but
only
through
faith
in Christ
Jesus.
So
we
placed
our
faith
in
Christ
Jesus,
in
order
that
we
might
be
pronounced
righteous,
as
the
result
of
faith
in
Christ,
and
not
of
obedience
to
Law;
for
such
obedience
will
not
result
in
even
one
soul’s
being
pronounced
righteous.
If,
while
seeking
to
be
pronounced
righteous
through
union
with
Christ,
we
were
ourselves
seen
to
be
sinners,
would
that
make
Christ
an agent
of
sin?
Heaven
forbid!
For,
if
I
rebuild
the
things
that
I
pulled
down,
I
prove
myself
to
have
done
wrong.
I,
indeed,
through
Law
became
dead
to
Law,
in
order
to
live
for
God.
I
have
been
crucified
with
Christ.
So
it
is
no
longer
I
that
live,
but
it
is
Christ
who
lives
in
me;
and,
as
for
my
present
earthly
life,
I
am
living
it
by
faith
in
the
Son
of
God,
who
loved
me
and
gave
himself
for
me.
I
do
not
reject
the
love
of
God.
If
righteousness
comes
through
Law,
then
there
was
no
need
for
Christ
to
die!
Foolish
Galatians!
Who
has
been enchanting
you –
you
before
whose
eyes
Jesus
Christ
was depicted
on
the
cross?
Here
is
the
one
thing
that
I
want
to
find
out
from
you –
Did
you
receive
the
Spirit
as
the
result
of
obedience
to
Law,
or
of
your
having
listened
with
faith?
Can
you
be
so
foolish?
After
beginning
with
what
is
spiritual,
do
you
now
end
with
what
is external?
Did
you
go
through
so
much
to
no
purpose? –
if
indeed
it
really
was
to
no
purpose!
He
who
supplies
you
abundantly
with
his
Spirit
and endows
you
with
such
powers –
does
he
do
this
as
the
result
of
obedience
to
Law?
Or
as
the
result
of
your
having
listened
with
faith?
It
is
just
as
it
was
with
Abraham –
he
had
faith
in
God,
and
his
faith
was
regarded
by
God
as
righteousness.
You
see,
then,
that
those
whose
lives
are
based
on
faith
are
the
sons
of
Abraham.
And
scripture, foreseeing
that
God
would
pronounce
the
Gentiles
righteous
as
the
result
of
faith, foretold
the
good
news
to
Abraham
in
the
words –
‘Through
you
all
the
Gentiles
will
be
blessed.’
And,
therefore,
those
whose
lives
are
based
on
faith
share
the
blessings
bestowed
on
the
faith
of
Abraham.
All
who
rely
on
obedience
to
Law
are
under
a
curse,
for
scripture
says –
‘Cursed
is
everyone
who
does
not
abide
by
all
that
is
written
in
the
book
of
the
Law,
and
do
it.’
Again,
it
is
evident
that
no
one
is
pronounced
righteous
before
God
through
Law,
for
we
read –
‘Through
faith
the
righteous
will
find
life.’
But
the
Law
is
not
based
on
faith;
no,
its
words
are –
‘Those
who
practice
these
precepts
will
find
life
through
them.’
Christ
ransomed
us
from
the
curse
pronounced
in
the
Law,
by
taking
the
curse
on
himself
for
us,
for
scripture
says –
‘Cursed
is
anyone
who
is
hanged
on
a
tree.’
And
this
he
did
that
the
blessing
given
to
Abraham
might
be
extended
to
the
Gentiles
through
their
union
with
Jesus
Christ;
that
so,
through
our
faith,
we
also
might
receive
the
promised
gift
of
the
Spirit.
To
take
an illustration,
friends,
from
daily
life –
No
one
sets
aside
even
an
agreement
between
two
people,
when
once
it
has
been
confirmed,
nor
do
they
add
conditions
to
it.
Now
it
was
to
Abraham
that
the
promises
were
made, ‘and
to
his
offspring.’
It
was
not
said ‘to
his offsprings,’
as
if
many
persons
were
meant,
but
the
words
were ‘to
your
offspring,’
showing
that
one
person
was
meant –
and
that
was
Christ.
My
point
is
this –
An
agreement
already
confirmed
by
God
cannot
be
canceled
by
the
Law,
which
came
four
hundred
and
thirty
years
later,
so
as
to
cause
the
promise
to
be
set
aside.
If
our
heritage
is
the
result
of
Law,
then
it
has
ceased
to
be
the
result
of
a
promise.
Yet
God
conferred
it
on
Abraham
by
a
promise.
What,
then,
you
ask,
was
the
use
of
the
Law?
It
was
a
later
addition,
to
make
people
conscious
of
their wrongdoings,
and
intended
to
last
only
until
the
coming
of
that
offspring
to
whom
the
promise
had
been
made;
and
it
was
delivered
through
angels
by
a
mediator.
Now mediation implies
more
than
one
person,
but
God
is
one
only.
Does
that
set
the
Law
in
opposition
to
God’s
promises?
Heaven
forbid!
For,
if
a
Law
had
been
given
capable
of bestowing
life,
then
righteousness
would
have
actually owed
its existence
to
Law.
But
the
words
of
scripture
represent
the
whole
world
as
being
in
bondage
to
sin,
so
that
the
promised
blessing,
dependent,
as
it
is,
on
faith
in
Jesus
Christ,
may
be
given
to
those
who
have
faith
in
him.
Before
the
coming
of
faith,
we
were
kept
under
the
guard
of
the
Law,
in
bondage, awaiting
the
faith
that
was
destined
to
be
revealed.
Thus
the
Law
has
proved
a
guide
to
lead
us
to
Christ,
in
order
that
we
may
be
pronounced
righteous
as
the
result
of
faith.
But
now
that
faith
has
come
we
no
longer
need
a
guide.
For
you
are
all
sons
of
God,
through
your
faith
in
Christ
Jesus.
For
all
of
you
who
were baptized
into
union
with
Christ
clothed
yourselves
with
Christ.
All distinctions
between
Jew
and
Greek,
slave
and
free,
male
and
female,
have
vanished;
for
in
union
with
Christ
Jesus
you
are
all
one.
And,
since
you
belong
to
Christ,
it
follows
that
you
are
Abraham’s
offspring
and,
under
the
promise, sharers
in
the
inheritance.
My
point
is
this –
as
long
as
the
heir
is
under
age,
there
is
no
difference
between
him
and
a
slave,
though
he
is
master
of
the
whole
estate.
He
is
subject
to
the
control
of
guardians
and
stewards,
during
the
period
for
which
his
father
has
power
to
appoint
them.
And
so
is
it
with
us;
when
we
were
under
age,
as
it
were,
we
were
slaves
to
the puerile
teaching
of
this
world;
but,
when
the
full
time
came,
God
sent
his
Son –
born
a
woman’s
child,
born
subject
to
Law –
to
ransom
those
who
were
subject
to
Law,
so
that
we
might
take
our
position
as
sons.
And
it
is
because
you
are
sons
that
God
sent
into
our
hearts
the
Spirit
of
his
Son,
with
the
cry – ‘Abba,
our
Father.’
You,
therefore,
are
no
longer
a
slave,
but
a
son;
and,
if
a
son,
then
an
heir
also,
by
God’s
appointment.
Yet
formerly,
in
your
ignorance
of
God,
you
became
slaves
to ‘gods’
which
were
no
gods.
But
now
that
you
have
found
God –
or,
rather,
have
been
found
by
him –
how
is
it
that
you
are
turning
back
to
that
poor
and
feeble puerile
teaching,
to
which
yet
once
again
you
are
wanting
to
become
slaves?
You
are scrupulous
in
keeping
days
and
months
and
seasons
and
years!
You
make
me
fear
that
the
labor
which
I
have
spent
on
you
may
have
been
wasted.
I
entreat
you,
friends,
to
become
like
me,
as
I
became
like
you.
You
have
never
done
me
any
wrong.
You
remember
that
it
was owing
to
bodily
infirmity
that
on
the
first
occasion
I
told
you
the
good
news.
And
as
for
what
must
have
tried
you
in
my
condition,
it
did
not inspire
you
with
scorn
or disgust,
but
you
welcomed
me
as
if
I
had
been
an
angel
of
God –
or
Christ
Jesus
himself!
What
has
become
then,
of
your
blessings?
For
I
can
bear
witness
that,
had
it
been
possible,
you
would
have
torn
out
your
eyes
and
given
them
to
me!
Am
I
to
think,
then,
that
I
have
become
your
enemy
by
telling
you
the
truth?
Certain
people
are
seeking
your
favor,
but
with
no
honorable
object.
No,
indeed,
they
want
to
isolate
you,
so
that
you
will
have
to
seek
their
favor.
It
is
always
honorable
to
have
your
favor
sought
in
an
honorable
cause,
and
not
only
when
I
am
with
you,
my
dear
children –
you
for
whom
I
am
again
enduring
a
mother’s
pains,
until
a
likeness
to
Christ
will
have
been
formed
in
you.
But
I
could
wish
to
be
with
you
now
and
speak
in
a
different
tone,
for
I
am
perplexed
about
you.
Tell
me,
you
who
want
to
be
still
subject
to
Law –
Why
don’t
you
listen
to
the
Law?
Scripture
says
that
Abraham
had
two
sons,
one
the
child
of
the slave-woman
and
the
other
the
child
of
the
free
woman.
But
the
child
of
the slave-woman
was
born
in
the
course
of nature,
while
the
child
of
the
free
woman
was
born
in
fulfillment
of
a
promise.
This
story
may
be
taken
as
an allegory.
The
women
stand
for
two
covenants.
One
covenant,
given
from
Mount
Sinai,
produces
a
race
of
slaves
and
is represented
by
Hagar.
Hagar
stands
for
Mount
Sinai
in
Arabia,
and
represents
the
Jerusalem
of
today,
for
she
and
her
children
are
in
slavery.
But
the
Jerusalem
above
is
free,
and
she
it
is
who
is
our
mother.
For
scripture
says –
‘Rejoice,
you
barren
one,
who
have
never
given
birth,
break
into
shouts,
you
who
are
never
in
labor,
for
many
are
the
children
of
her
who
is
desolate –
yes,
more
than
of
her
who
has
a
husband.’
As
for
ourselves,
friends,
we,
like
Isaac,
are
children
born
in
fulfillment
of
a
promise.
Yet
at
that
time
the
child
born
in
the
course
of nature
persecuted
the
child
born
by
the
power
of
the
Spirit;
and
it
is
the
same
now.
But
what
does
the
passage
of
scripture
say?
‘Send
away
the slave-woman
and
her
son;
for
the
slave’s
son
will
not
be coheir
with
the
son
of
the
free
woman.’
And
so,
friends,
we
are
not
children
of
a
slave,
but
of
her
who
is
free.
The Gospel in the Daily Life
It
is
for
freedom
that
Christ
set
us
free;
stand
firm
therefore,
and
do
not
again
be
held
under
the
yoke
of
slavery.
p
Understand
that
I,
Paul,
myself
tell
you
that
if
you
allow
yourselves
to
be
circumcised,
Christ
will
avail
you
nothing.
I
again
declare
to
everyone
who
receives
circumcision,
that
he
binds
himself
to
obey
the
whole
Law.
You
have
severed
yourselves
from
Christ –
you
who
are
seeking
to
be
pronounced
righteous
through
Law;
you
have
fallen
away
from
love.
For
we,
by
the
help
of
the
Spirit,
are
eagerly
waiting
for
the
fulfillment
of
our
hope –
that
we
may
be
pronounced
righteous
as
the
result
of
faith.
If
we
are
in
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
neither
is
circumcision
nor
the omission
of
it
anything,
but
faith,
working
through
love,
is
everything.
You
were
once
making
good progress!
Who
has
hindered
you
from
obeying
the
truth?
The
persuasion
brought
to
bear
on
you
does
not
come
from
him
who
calls
you.
A
little
yeast
leavens
all
the
dough.
I,
through
my
union
with
the
Lord,
am
persuaded
that
you
will
learn
to
think
with
me.
But
the
man
who
is
disturbing
your
minds
will
have
to
bear
his
punishment,
whoever
he
may
be.
If
I,
friends,
am
still
proclaiming
circumcision,
why
am
I
still
persecuted?
It
seems
that
the
cross
has
ceased
to
be
an
obstacle!
I
could
even
wish
that
the
people
who
are unsettling
you
would
go
further
still
and mutilate
themselves.
Remember,
friends,
to
you
the
call
came
to
give
you
freedom.
Only,
do
not
make
your
freedom
an opportunity
for self-indulgence
but
serve
one
another
in
a
loving
spirit.
Indeed,
the
whole
Law
has
been summed
up
in
this
one
precept –
‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself.’
But,
if
you
are
continually
wounding
and preying
on
one
another,
take
care
that
you
are
not
destroyed
by
one
another.
This
is
what
I
have
to
say –
Let
your
steps
be
guided
by
the
Spirit,
and
then
you
will
never gratify
the cravings
of
your
earthly nature.
For
these cravings
of
our
earthly nature
conflict
with
the
Spirit,
and
the
Spirit
with
our
earthly nature –
they
are
two
contrary principles –
so
that
you
cannot
do
what
you
wish.
But,
if
you
follow
the
guidance
of
the
Spirit,
you
are
not
subject
to
Law.
The
sins
of
our
earthly nature
are unmistakable.
They
are
sins
like
these –
sexual
immorality,
impurity,
indecency,
idolatry,
sorcery,
quarrels,
strife,
jealousy,
outbursts
of
passion, rivalries,
dissensions,
divisions,
feelings
of
envy,
drunkenness, revelry,
and
the
like.
And
I
warn
you,
as
I
warned
you
before,
that
those
who indulge
in
such
things
will
have
no
place
in
the
kingdom
of
God.
But
the
fruit
produced
by
the
Spirit
is
love,
joy,
peace,
forbearance, kindliness, generosity, trustfulness,
gentleness, self-control.
Against
such
things
there
is
no
law!
And
those
who
belong
to
Jesus,
the
Christ,
have
already
crucified
their
earthly nature,
with
its
passions
and
its cravings.
Since
our
life
is
due
to
the
Spirit,
let
us
rule
our
conduct
also
by
the
Spirit.
Do
not
let
us
grow
vain,
and
provoke
or
envy
one
another.
My
friends,
even
if
someone
should
be
caught
committing
a
sin,
you
who
are
spiritually
minded
should,
in
a
gentle
spirit,
help
them
to
recover
themselves,
taking
care
that
you
yourselves
are
not
tempted.
Bear
one
another’s
burdens,
and
so
carry
out
the
Law
of
the
Christ.
If
a
person imagines
themselves
to
be
somebody,
when
they
are
really
nobody,
they
deceive
themselves.
Let
everyone
test
their
own
work,
and
then
their
cause
for
satisfaction
will
be
in
themselves
and
not
in
a
comparison
with
their
neighbor;
for
everyone
must
bear
their
own
load.
The
person,
however,
who
is
being
instructed
in
the
message
ought
always
to
share
their
blessings
with
their
teacher.
Do
not
be
deceived.
God
cannot
be
mocked.
What
a
person
sows
that
they
will
reap.
For
the
person
who
sows
the
field
of
their
earthly nature
will
from
that
earthly nature
reap
corruption;
while
the
one
who
sows
the
field
of
the
spirit
will
from
that
spirit
reap
eternal
life.
Let
us
never
tire
of
doing
right,
for
at
the
proper
season
we
will
reap
our
harvest,
if
we
do
not
grow
weary.
Therefore,
I
say,
as
the
opportunity
occurs,
let
us
treat
everyone
with
kindness,
and
especially
members
of
the
household
of
the
faith.
Conclusion
in
the Apostle’s
own handwriting
See
in
what
large
letters
I
am
writing
with
my
own
hand.
The
people
who
are
trying
to
compel
you
to
be
circumcised
are
the
people
who
wish
to
appear
to
advantage
in
regard
to
outward observances.
They
do
it
only
to
avoid
being
persecuted
for
the
cross
of
Jesus,
the
Christ
Even
these
men
who
are
circumcised
do
not
themselves
keep
the
Law;
yet
they
want
you
to
be
circumcised,
so
that
they
may
boast
of
your
observance
of
the
rite.
But,
for
my
part,
may
I
never
boast
of
anything
except
the
cross
of
Jesus
Christ,
our
Master,
through
whom
the
world
has
been
crucified
to
me,
and
I
to
the
world.
For
neither
is
circumcision
nor
the omission
of
it
anything;
but
a
new nature
is
everything.
May
all
who
rule
their
conduct
by
this principle
find
peace
and
mercy –
they
who
are
the
Israel
of
God.
For
the
future
let
no
one
trouble
me;
for
I
bear
the
marks
of
Jesus branded
on
my
body.
May
the
blessing
of
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord,
rest
on
your
souls,
friends.
Amen.
Ephesians
Paul’s Letter to the Ephesians
Ephesians
Paul’s Letter to the
Ephesians
Introduction
To
Christ’s
people
at
Ephesus
who
are
faithful
to
him,
from
Paul,
an apostle
of
Christ
Jesus,
by
the
will
of
God.
May
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
Blessed
is
the
God
and
Father
of
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord,
who
has
blessed
us
on
high
with
every
spiritual
blessing,
in
Christ.
For
he
chose
us
in
our
union
with Christ
before
the
creation
of
the universe,
so
that
we
might
be
holy
and
blameless
in
his
sight,
living
in
the
spirit
of
love.
From
the
first
he
destined
us,
in
his
goodwill towards
us,
to
be
adopted
as
sons
through
Jesus
Christ,
and
so
to enhance
that
glorious manifestation
of
his
loving
kindness
which
he
gave
us
in
the
one
he
loves;
for
in
him,
and
through
the
shedding
of
his
blood,
we
have
found
redemption
in
the
pardon
of
our
offenses.
All
this accords
with
the
loving
kindness
which
God
lavished
on
us,
accompanied
by
countless
gifts
of
wisdom
and
discernment,
when
he
made
known
to
us
his
hidden
purpose.
And
it
also accords
with
the
goodwill
which
God
purposed
to
exhibit
in Christ,
in
view
of
that
divine
order
which
was
to
mark
the
completion
of
the
ages,
when
he
should
make
everything,
both
in
heaven
and
on
earth,
center
in
him.
In
him,
I
say,
for
by
our
union
with
him
we
became
God’s
heritage,
having
from
the
first
been
destined
for
this
in
the
intention
of
him
who,
in
all
that
happens,
is
carrying
out
his
own
fixed
purpose;
that
we
should enhance
his
glory –
we
who
have
been
the
first
to
rest
our
hopes
on
the
Christ.
And
you,
too,
by
your
union
with
him,
after
you
had
heard
the
message
of
the
truth,
the
good
news
of
your
salvation –
you
believed
in
him
and
were
sealed
as
his
by
receiving
the
holy
Spirit,
which
he
had
promised.
And
the
Spirit
is
a
pledge
of
our
future
heritage, foreshadowing
the
full
redemption
of
God’s
own
people –
to enhance
his
glory.
The
power
of
God
displayed
in Christ,
the
Head
of
the Church
And
therefore
I,
ever
since
I
heard
of
the
faith
in
the
Lord
Jesus
which
prevails
among
you,
and
of
your
confidence
in
all
Christ’s
people,
have
never omitted
to
thank
God
on
your
behalf,
whenever
I
make
mention
of
you
in
my
prayers.
My
prayer
is
that
the
God
of
Jesus
Christ
our
Lord,
the all-glorious
Father,
may inspire
you
with
wisdom
and
true
insight
through
a fuller
knowledge
of
himself;
that
your
minds
may
be
so
enlightened
that
you
may
realize
the
hope
given
by
God’s
call,
the
wealth
of
the
glory
of
his
heritage
among Christ’s
people,
and
the transcendent
greatness
of
the
power
which
he
is
able
to
exercise
in dealing
with
us
who
believe
in
him.
The
same
mighty
power
was
exerted
on
the
Christ,
when
he
raised
the
Christ
from
the
dead
and ‘caused
him
to
sit
at
his
right hand’
on
high,
exalting
him
above
all
angels
and archangels
of
every
rank,
and
above
every
name
that
can
be
named,
whether
in
the
present
age,
or
in
the
age
to
come.
And
God
placed
all
things
under Christ’s
feet,
and
gave
him
to
the
church
as
its supreme
head;
for
the church
is Christ’s
body,
and
is
filled
by
him
who
fills
all
things
everywhere
with
his
presence.
You
yourselves
were
once
dead
because
of
your
offenses
and
sins.
For
at
one
time
you
lived
in
sin,
following
the
ways
of
the
world,
in
subjection
to
the
Ruler
of
the
powers
of
the
air –
the
Spirit
who
is
still
at
work
among
the
disobedient.
And
it
was
among
them
that
we
all
once
lived
our
lives,
indulging
the cravings
of
our
earthly
nature,
and
carrying
out
the
desires
prompted
by
that
earthly
nature
and
by
our
own
thoughts.
Our
nature
exposed
us
to
the
divine
wrath,
like
the
rest
of
humanity.
Yet
God,
in
his
abundant
compassion,
and
because
of
the
great
love
with
which
he
loved
us,
even
though
we
were
dead
because
of
our
offenses,
gave
life
to
us
in
giving
life
to
the
Christ. (By
God’s
loving
kindness
you
have
been
saved.)
And,
through
our
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
God
raised
us
with
him,
and
caused
us
to
sit
with
him
on
high,
in
order
that,
by
his
goodness
to
us
in
Christ
Jesus,
he
might
display
in
the
ages
to
come
the boundless
wealth
of
his
loving
kindness.
For
it
is
by
God’s
loving
kindness
that
you
have
been
saved,
through
your
faith.
It
is
not
due
to
yourselves;
the
gift
is
God’s.
It
is
not
due
to
obedience
to
Law,
so
that
no
one
can
boast.
For
we
are
God’s
handiwork,
created,
by
our
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
for
the
good
actions
in
doing
which
God
had pre-arranged
that
we
should
spend
our
lives.
Remember,
therefore,
that
you
were
once
Gentiles
yourselves,
as
your
bodies
showed;
you
were
called ‘the Uncircumcised’
by
those
who
were
called ‘the Circumcised’ –
circumcised
only
by
human
hands!
Remember
that
you
were
at
that
time
far
from
Christ;
you
were
shut
out
from
the
citizenship
of
Israel;
you
were
strangers
to
the
covenants
founded
on
God’s
promise;
you
were
in
the
world
without
hope
and
without
God.
But
now,
through
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
you
who
once
were
far
off
have,
by
the
shedding
of
the
blood
of
the
Christ,
been
brought
near.
He
it
is
who
is
our
peace.
He
made
the
two
divisions
of
humanity
one,
broke
down
the
barrier
that
separated
them,
and
in
his
human nature
put
an
end
to
the
cause
of
enmity
between
them –
the
Law
with
its injunctions
and
ordinances –
in
order
to
create,
through
union
with
himself,
from
Jew
and Gentile,
one
new
humanity
and
so
make
peace.
And
when,
on
the
cross,
he
had
destroyed
their mutual
enmity,
he
sought
by
means
of
his
cross
to
reconcile
them
both
to
God,
united
in
one
body.
He
came
with
the
good
news
of
peace
for
you
who
were
far
off,
and
of
peace
for
those
who
were
near;
for
it
is
through
him
that
we,
the
Jews
and
the
Gentiles,
united
in
the
one
Spirit,
are
now
able
to
approach
the
Father.
It
follows,
then,
that
you
are
no
longer
strangers
and
foreigners,
but
are
fellow
citizens
with Christ’s
people
and
members
of
God’s
household.
You
have
been
built
up
on
the
foundation
laid
by
the apostles
and
prophets,
Christ
Jesus
himself
being
the
cornerstone.
United
in
him,
every
part
of
the
building,
closely
joined
together,
will
grow
into
a
temple,
consecrated
by
its
union
with
the
Lord.
And,
through
union
in
him,
you
also
are
being
built
up
together,
to
be
a
place
where
God
lives
through
the
Spirit.
The Apostle’s Divine Commission to the Gentiles
For
this
reason
I,
Paul,
the
prisoner
of
Jesus,
the
Christ,
for
the
sake
of
you
Gentiles –
For
you
have
heard,
I
suppose,
of
the
responsible
charge
with
which
God
entrusted
me
for
your
benefit,
and
also
that
it
was
by
direct
revelation
that
the
hidden
purpose
of
God
was
made
known
to
me,
as
I
have
already
briefly
told
you.
And,
by
reading
what
I
have
written,
you
will
be
able
to
judge
how
far
I
understand
this
hidden
purpose
of
God
in
Christ.
In
former
generations
it
was
not
made
known
to
humanity,
as
fully
as
it
has
now
been
revealed
by
the
Spirit
to
the apostles
and
prophets
among Christ’s
people –
That,
by
union
with
Christ
Jesus
and
through
the
good
news,
the
Gentiles
are coheirs
with
us
and
members
of
one
body,
and
that
they
share
with
us
in
God’s
Promise.
Of
this
good
news
I
become
an
assistant,
in
virtue
of
the
charge
with
which
God
entrusted
me
in
the
exercise
of
his
power –
Yes,
to
me,
who
am
less
than
the
least
of
all
Christ’s
people,
was
this
charge
entrusted! –
to
tell
the
Gentiles
the
good
news
of
the boundless
wealth
to
be
found
in
the
Christ,
and
to
make
clear
what
is
God’s
way
of
working
out
that
hidden
purpose
which
from
the
first
has
been
concealed
in
the
mind
of
the
Creator
of
all
things;
so
that
now
to
the archangels
and
to
all
the
powers
on
high
should
be
made
known,
through
the
church,
the all-embracing
wisdom
of
God,
in
accordance
with
that
purpose
which
runs
through
all
the
ages
and
which
he
has
now
accomplished
in
Jesus,
the
Christ,
our
Master.
And
in
union
with
him,
and
through
our
trust
in
him,
we
find
courage
to
approach
God
with
confidence.
Therefore
I
beg
you
not
to
be
disheartened
at
the
sufferings
that
I
am undergoing
for
your
sakes;
for
they redound
to
your
honor.
For
this
reason,
then,
I
kneel
before
the
Father –
from
whom
all ‘fatherhood’
in
heaven
and
on
earth
derives
its
name –
and
pray
that,
in
proportion
to
the
wealth
of
his
glory,
he
will
strengthen
you
with
his
power
by
breathing
his
Spirit
into
your
inmost
soul,
so
that
the
Christ,
through
your
faith,
may
make
his
home
within
your
hearts
in
love;
and
I
pray
that
you,
now
firmly
rooted
and
established,
may,
with
all
Christ’s
people,
have
the
power
to
comprehend
in
all
its
width
and
length
and
height
and
depth,
and
to
understand –
though
it
surpasses
all
understanding –
the
love
of
the
Christ;
and
so
be
filled
with
all
the
fullness
of
God.
To
him
who,
through
his
power
which
is
at
work
within
us,
is
able
to
do
far
more
than
anything
that
we
can
ask
or
conceive –
to
him
be
all
glory
through
the
church
and
through
Christ
Jesus,
for
all
generations,
age
after
age.
Amen.
The Gospel and Daily Life
I
beg
you,
then –
I
who
am
a
prisoner
in
the
Master’s
cause –
to
live
lives
worthy
of
the
call
that
you
have
received;
always
humble
and
gentle,
patient,
bearing
lovingly
with
one
another,
and
striving
to
maintain
in
the
bond
of
peace
the
unity
given
by
the
Spirit.
There
is
but
one
body
and
one
Spirit,
just
as
there
was
but
one
hope
set
before
you
when
you
received
your
call.
There
is
but
one
Lord,
one
faith,
one baptism.
There
is
but
one
God
and
Father
of
all –
the
God
who
is
over
all, pervades
all,
and
is
in
all.
Everyone
of
us,
however,
has
been
entrusted
with
some
charge,
each
in
accordance
with
the
extent
of
the
gift
of
the
Christ.
That
is
why
it
is
said –
‘When
he
went
up
on
high,
he
led
his
captives
into
captivity.
And
gave
gifts
to
humanity.’
Now
surely
this ‘going up’
must imply
that
he
had
already
gone
down
into
the
world
beneath.
He
who
went
down
is
the
same
as
he
who
went
up –
up
beyond
the
highest
heaven,
so
that
he
might
fill
all
things
with
his
presence.
And
he
it
is
who
gave
to
the church apostles,
prophets, missionaries,
pastors,
and
teachers,
to
fit
his
people
for
the
work
of
the
ministry,
for
the
building
up
of
the
body
of
the
Christ.
And
this
will
continue,
until
we
all
attain
to
that
unity
which
is
given
by
faith
and
by
a fuller
knowledge
of
the
Son
of
God;
until
we
reach
maturity –
the
full
standard
of
the
perfection
of
the
Christ.
Then
we
will
no
longer
be
like
infants,
tossed
backward
and
forward,
blown
about
by
every
breath
of
human
teaching
and
by
people’s
trickery
and
craftiness;
but
holding
the
truth
in
a
spirit
of
love,
we
will
grow
into
complete
union
with
him
who
is
our
head –
Christ
himself.
For
from
him
the
whole
body,
closely
joined
and
knit
together
by
the
contact
of
every
part
with
the
source
of
its
life, derives
its
power
to
grow,
in
proportion
to
the vigour
of
each
individual
part;
and
so
is
being
built
up
in
a
spirit
of
love.
This,
then,
as
one
in
union
with
the
Lord,
I
implore:
Do
not
continue
to
live
such purposeless
lives
as
the
Gentiles
live,
with
their powers
of
discernment
darkened,
cut
off
from
the
life
of
God, owing
to
the
ignorance
that
prevails
among
them
and
to
the
hardness
of
their
hearts.
Lost
to
all
sense
of
shame,
they
have
abandoned
themselves
to licentiousness,
in
order
to
practice
every
kind
of
impurity
without
restraint.
But
far
different
is
the lesson
you
learned
from
the
Christ –
if,
that
is,
you
really
listened
to
him,
and
through
union
with
him
were
taught
the
truth,
as
it
is
to
be
found
in
Jesus.
For
you
learned
with
regard
to
your
former
way
of
living
that
you
must
cast
off
your
old nature,
which,
yielding
to deluding
passions,
grows
corrupt;
that
the
spirit
of
your
minds
must
be
constantly
renewed;
and
that
you
must
clothe
yourselves
in
that
new nature
which
was
created
to
resemble
God,
with
the
righteousness
and
holiness
springing
from
the
truth.
Since,
therefore,
you
have
cast
off
what
is
false,
you
must
every
one
of
you
speak
the
truth
to
your
neighbors.
For
we
are
united
to
one
another
like
the
parts
of
a
body.
Be
angry,
yet
do
not
sin.
Do
not
let
the
sun
go
down
on
your
anger;
and
give
no
opportunity
to
the
devil.
Let
the
person
who
steals
steal
no
longer,
but
rather
they
should
toil
with
their
hands
at
honest
work,
so
that
they
may
have
something
to
share
with
anyone
in
need.
Never
let
any
foul
word
pass
your
lips,
but
only
such
good
words
as
the
occasion
demands,
so
that
they
may
be
a
help
to
those
who
hear
them.
And
do
not
grieve
God’s
Holy
Spirit;
for
it
was
through
that
Spirit
that
God
sealed
you
as
his,
against
the
day
of
redemption.
Let
all
bitterness,
passion,
anger,
brawling,
and abusive
language
be
banished
from
among
you,
as
well
as
all
malice.
Be
kind
to
one
another,
tenderhearted,
ready
to
forgive
one
another,
just
as
God,
in
Christ,
forgave
you.
Therefore
imitate
God,
as
his
dear
children,
and
live
a
life
of
love,
following
the
example
of
the
Christ,
who
loved
you
and
gave
himself
for
you
as
an
offering
and
a
sacrifice
to
God,
that
should
be
fragrant
and
acceptable.
As
for
sexual
immorality
and
every
kind
of
impurity,
or
greed,
do
not
let
them
even
be
mentioned
among
you,
as
befits Christ’s
people,
nor
shameful
conduct,
nor
foolish
talk
or
jesting,
for
they
are
wholly
out
of
place
among
you;
but
rather
thanksgiving.
For
of
this
you
may
be
sure –
that
no
one
who
is unchaste
or
impure
or
greedy
of
gain (for
to
be
greedy
of
gain
is
idolatry)
has
any
place awaiting
him
in
the
kingdom
of
the
Christ
and
God.
Do
not
let
anyone
deceive
you
with specious
arguments.
Those
are
the
sins
that
bring
down
the
wrath
of
God
on
the
disobedient.
Therefore
have
nothing
to
do
with
such
people.
For,
although
you
were
once
in
darkness,
now,
by
your
union
with
the
Lord,
you
are
in
the
light.
Live
as
children
of
light –
for
the
outcome
of
life
in
the
light
may
be
seen
in
every
form
of
goodness,
righteousness,
and
sincerity –
always
trying
to
find
out
what
is
pleasing
to
the
Lord.
Take
no
part
in
deeds
of
darkness,
from
which
no
good
can
come;
on
the
contrary,
expose
them.
It
is degrading
even
to
speak
of
the
things
continually
done
by
them
in
secret.
All
such
actions,
when
exposed,
have
their
true
character
made
manifest
by
the
light.
For
everything
that
has
its
true
character
made
manifest
is
clear
as
light.
And
that
is
why
it
is
said –
‘Sleeper,
awake!
Arise
from
the
dead,
and
the
Christ
will
give
you
light!’
Take
great
care,
then,
how
you
live –
not unwisely
but
wisely,
making
the
most
of
every
opportunity;
for
these
are
evil
days.
Therefore
do
not
grow thoughtless,
but
try
to
understand
what
the
Lord’s
will
is.
Do
not
drink
wine
to
excess,
for
that
leads
to profligacy;
but
seek
to
be
filled
with
the
Spirit
of
God,
and
speak
to
one
another
in
psalms
and
hymns
and
sacred
songs.
Sing
and
make
music
in
your
hearts
to
the
Lord.
Always
give
thanks
for
everything
to
our
God
and
Father,
in
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
Submit
to
one
another
because
you
honor
and
respect
Christ.
Wives
should
submit
to
their
husbands
as submitting
to
the
Lord.
For
a
man
is
the
head
of
his
wife,
as
the
Christ
is
the
head
of
the
church –
being
indeed
himself
the
Savior
of
his
body.
But
as
the
church
submits
to
the
Christ,
so
also
should
wives
submit
to
their
husbands
in
everything.
Husbands,
love
your
wives,
just
as
the
Christ
loved
the
church,
and
gave
himself
for
her,
to
make
her
holy,
after
purifying
her
by
the
washing
with
the
water,
according
to
his
promise;
so
that
he
might
himself
bring
the
church,
in
all
her
beauty,
into
his
own
presence,
with
no
spot
or
wrinkle
or
blemish
of
any
kind,
but
that
she
might
be
holy
and faultless.
That
is
how
husbands
ought
to
love
their
wives –
as
if
they
were
their
own
bodies.
A
man
who
loves
his
wife
is
really
loving
himself;
for
no
one
ever
yet
hated
his
own
body.
But
everyone
feeds
his
body
and
cares
for
it,
just
as
the
Christ
for
the
church;
for
we
are
members
of
his
body.
For
this
cause
a
man
will
leave
his
father
and
mother,
and
be
united
to
his
wife;
and
the
man
and
his
wife
will
become
one.
In
this
there
is
a
profound
truth –
I
am
speaking
of
Christ
and
his
church.
However,
for
you
individually,
let
each
love
his
wife
as
if
she
were
himself;
and
the
wife
be
careful
to
respect
her
husband.
Children,
obey
your
parents,
as
children
of
the
Lord;
for
that
is
but
right.
‘Honor
your
father
and mother’ –
this
is
the
first
Commandment
with
a
promise –
‘so
that
you
may
prosper
and
have
a
long
life
on
earth.’
And
fathers,
do
not
irritate
your
children,
but
bring
them
up
with Christian
discipline
and
instruction.
Slaves,
obey
your
earthly
masters,
with
anxious
care,
giving
them ungrudging
service,
as
if
obeying
the
Christ;
not
only
when
their
eyes
are
on
you,
as
if
you
had
merely
to
please
people,
but
as
slaves
of
Christ,
who
are
trying
to
carry
out
the
will
of
God.
Give
your
service heartily
and
cheerfully,
as
working
for
the
Master
and
not
for
people;
for
you
know
that
everyone
will
be
rewarded
by
the
Master
for
any
honest
work
that
he
has
done,
whether
he
is
a
slave
or
free.
And
masters,
treat
your
slaves
in
the
same
spirit.
Give
up threatening
them;
for
you
know
that
he
who
is
both
their
Master
and
yours
is
in
heaven,
and
that
before
him
there
is
no
distinction
of
rank.
For
the
future,
find
strength
in
your
union
with
the
Lord,
and
in
the
power
which
comes
from
his
might.
Put
on
the
full
armor
of
God,
so
that
you
may
be
able
to
stand
your
ground
against
the stratagems
of
the
devil.
For
ours
is
no
struggle
against
enemies
of
flesh
and
blood,
but
against
all
the
various
powers
of
evil
that
hold
sway
in
the
darkness
around
us,
against
the
spirits
of
wickedness
on
high.
Therefore
take
up
the
full
armor
of
God,
so
that
when
the
evil
day
comes,
you
may
be
able
to
withstand
the
attack,
and,
having
fought
to
the
end,
still
to
stand
your
ground.
Stand
your
ground,
then,
with
truth
for
your
belt,
and
with
righteousness
for
your
breastplate,
and
with
the
readiness
to
serve
the
good
news
of
peace
as
shoes
for
your
feet.
At
every
onslaught
take
up
faith
for
your
shield;
for
with
it
you
will
be
able
to
extinguish
all
the
flaming
darts
of
the
evil
one.
And
receive
the
helmet
of
salvation,
and
the
sword
of
the
Spirit –
which
is
the
message
of
God –
always
with
prayer
and
supplication.
Pray
in
spirit
at
all
times.
Be
intent
on
this,
with unwearying
perseverance
and
supplication
for
all Christ’s
people –
and
on
my
behalf
also,
so
that
when
I
begin
to
speak,
words
may
be
given
me,
so
that
I
may fearlessly
make
known
the
inmost
truth
of
the
good
news,
on
behalf
of
which
I
am
an
ambassador –
in
chains!
Pray
that,
in
telling
it,
I
may
speak fearlessly
as
I
ought.
Conclusion
To
enable
you,
as
well
as
others,
to
know
all
that
concerns
me
and
what
I
am
doing,
Tychicus,
our
dear
friend
and
faithful
helper
in
the
Master’s
cause,
will
tell
you
everything.
I
am
sending
him
to
you
on
purpose
that
you
may
learn
all
about
us,
and
that
he
may
cheer
your
hearts.
May
God,
the
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
give
every follower
peace,
and
love linked
with
faith.
May
God’s
blessing
be
with
all
who
love
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
with
an undying
love.
Philippians
Paul’s Letter to the Philippians
Philippians
Paul’s Letter to the
Philippians
To
all
Christ’s
people
at
Philippi,
with
the
supervisors
and assistants,
from
Paul
and
Timothy,
servants
of
Christ
Jesus.
May
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you,
and
give
you
peace.
Every recollection
that
I
have
of
you
is
a
cause
of
thanksgiving
to
God,
always,
in
every
prayer
that
I
offer
for
you
all –
my
prayers
are
full
of
joy –
because
of
the
share
that
you
have
had
in
spreading
the
good
news,
from
the
first
day
that
you
received
it
until
now.
For
of
this
I
am
confident,
that
he
who
began
a
good
work
in
you
will
complete
it
in
readiness
for
the
day
of
Jesus
Christ.
And,
indeed,
I
am
justified
in feeling
like
this
about
you
all;
because
you
have
a
warm
place
in
my
heart –
you
who
all,
both
in
my
imprisonment
and
in
the
work
of
defending
and
establishing
the
good
news,
shared
my privilege
with
me.
God
will
bear
me
witness
how
I
yearn
for
you
all
with
the
tenderness
of
Christ
Jesus.
And
what
I
pray
for
is
this –
that
your
love
may
grow
yet
stronger
and
stronger,
with
increasing
knowledge
and
all
discernment,
until
you
are
able
to appreciate
all
moral distinctions.
And
I
pray,
too,
that
you
may
be
kept
pure
and
blameless
against
the
day
of
Christ,
bearing
a
rich
harvest
of
that
righteousness
which
comes
through
Jesus
Christ,
to
the
glory
and
praise
of
God.
Friends,
I
want
you
to
realize
that
what
has
happened
to
me
has
actually
served
to
forward
the
good
news.
It
has
even
become
evident,
not
only
to
all
the imperial
guard,
but
to
everyone
else,
that
it
is
for
Christ’s
sake
that
I
am
in
chains.
And
besides
this,
most
of
our
fellow
followers
have
gained
confidence
in
the
Lord
through
my
chains,
and
now
venture
with
far
greater
freedom
to
speak
of
God’s
message fearlessly.
It
is
true
that
some
do
proclaim
the
Christ
out
of
jealousy
and
opposition,
but
there
are
others
who
proclaim
him
from
goodwill.
The
latter
do
it
from
love
for
me,
knowing
that
I
have
been
appointed
to
plead
the
cause
of
the
good
news.
The
former
spread
the
news
of
the
Christ
in
a factious
spirit,
and
not
sincerely,
thinking
to
add
to
the
pain
of
my
chains.
But
what
of
that?
Only
that
in
some
way
or
other,
either
with assumed
or
with real earnestness,
Christ
is
being
made
known;
and
at
that
I
rejoice.
Yes,
and
I
will
rejoice,
for
I
know
that,
through
your
prayers
and
through
a
rich
supply
of
the
Spirit
of
Jesus
Christ,
all
this
will
make
for
my
salvation.
And
this
will
fulfill
my
earnest
expectation
and
hope
that
I
will
have
no
cause
for
shame,
but
that,
with unfailing
courage,
now
as
before,
Christ
will
be
honored
in
my
body,
whether
by
my
life
or
by
my
death,
for
to
me
life
is
Christ,
and
death
is
gain.
But
what
if
the
life
here
in
the
body –
if
this
brings
me
fruit
from
my
labors?
Then
which
to
choose
I
cannot
tell!
I
am
sorely
perplexed
either
way!
My
own
desire
is
to
depart
and
be
with
Christ,
for
this
would
be
far
better.
But,
for
your
sakes,
it
may
be
more
needful
that
I
should
still
remain
here
in
the
body.
Yes,
I
am
confident
that
this
is
so,
and
therefore
I
am
sure
that
I
will
stay,
and
stay
near
you
all,
to
promote
your
progress
and
joy
in
the
faith;
so
that,
when
you
once
more
have
me
among
you,
you,
in
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
may
find
in
me
fresh
cause
for
exultation.
Under
all
circumstances
let
your
lives
be
worthy
of
the
good
news
of
the
Christ:
so
that,
whether
I
come
and
see
you,
or
whether
I
hear
of
your
affairs
at
a
distance,
I
may
know
that
you
are
standing
firm, animated
by
one
spirit,
and
joining
with
one
heart
in
a
common
struggle
for
the
faith
taught
by
the
good
news,
without
ever shrinking
from
your
opponents.
To
them
this
will
be
a
sign
of
their
destruction
and
of
your
salvation –
a
sign
from
God.
For,
on
behalf
of
Christ,
you
have
had
the privilege
granted
you,
not
only
of
trusting
in
him,
but
also
of
suffering
on
his
behalf.
You
will
be
engaged
in
the
same
hard
struggle
as
that
which
you
once
saw
me
waging,
and
which
you
hear
that
I
am
waging
still.
If,
then,
any
encouragement
comes
through
union
with
Christ,
if
there
is
any persuasive
power
in
love,
if
there
is
any
communion
with
the
Spirit,
if
there
is
any
tenderness
or
pity,
I
entreat
you
to
make
my
happiness
complete –
live
together animated
by
the
same
spirit
and
in mutual
love,
one
in
heart, animated
by
one
Spirit.
Nothing
should
be
done
out
of
selfish
ambition
or
vain
conceit.
Rather,
in
humility
lift
others
up
above
yourselves,
considering
not
only
your
own interests
but
also
the interests
of
others.
Let
the
spirit
of
Christ
Jesus
be
yours
also.
Though
the
divine nature
was
his
from
the
beginning,
yet
he
did
not
look
on
equality
with
God
as
above
all
things
to
be
clung
to,
but
impoverished
himself
by
taking
the nature
of
a
servant
and
becoming
like
one
of
us;
he
appeared
among
us
as
a
man,
and
still
further
humbled
himself
by submitting
even
to
death –
to
death
on
a
cross!
And
that
is
why
God
raised
him
to
the
very
highest
place,
and
gave
him
the
name
which
stands
above
all
other
names,
so
that
in adoration
of
the
name
of
Jesus
every
knee
should
bend,
in
heaven,
on
earth,
and
under
the
earth,
and
that
every
tongue
should
acknowledge
JESUS
CHRIST
as
LORD –
to
the
glory
of
God
the
Father.
Therefore,
my
dear
friends,
as
you
have
always
been
obedient
in
the
past,
so
now
work
out
your
own
salvation
with
anxious
care,
not
only
when
I
am
with
you,
but
all
the
more
now
that
I
am
absent.
Remember
it
is
God
who,
in
his
kindness,
is
at
work
within
you, enabling
you
both
to
will
and
to
work.
In
all
that
you
do,
avoid
murmuring
and
dissension,
so
as
to
prove
yourselves
blameless
and
innocent – faultless
children
of
God,
in
the
midst
of
an evil-disposed
and
perverse
generation,
in
which
you
are
seen
shining
like
stars
in
a
dark
world,
offering
to
them
the
message
of
life;
and
then
I
will
be
able
at
the
day
of
Christ
to
boast
that
I
did
not
run
my
course
for
nothing,
or
toil
for
nothing.
And
yet,
even
if,
when
your
faith
is
offered
as
a
sacrifice
to
God,
my
lifeblood
must
be
poured
out
in
addition,
still
I
will
rejoice
and
share
the
joy
of
you
all;
and
you
must
also
rejoice
and
share
my
joy.
I
hope,
however,
as
one
who
trusts
in
the
Lord
Jesus,
to
send
Timothy
to
you
before
long,
so
that
I
may
myself
be cheered
by
receiving
news
of
you.
For
I
have
no
one
but
him
to
send –
no
one
of
kindred
spirit
who
would
take
the
same genuine
interest
in
your
welfare.
They
are
all
pursuing
their
own
aims
and
not
those
of
Christ
Jesus.
But
you
know
what Timothy
has
proved
himself
to
be,
and
how,
like
a
child
working
for
his
father,
he
worked
hard
with
me
in
spreading
the
good
news.
It
is Timothy,
then,
whom
I
hope
to
send,
just
as
soon
as
I
find
out
what
is
going
to
happen
to
me
here.
And
I
am
confident,
as
one
who
trusts
in
the
Lord
Jesus,
that
before
long
I
myself
will
follow.
Still
I
think
it
necessary
to
send
Epaphroditus
to
you
now,
for
he
is
my
dear
friend,
fellow
worker,
and
fellow
soldier,
and
he
was
also
your
messenger
to
help
me
in
my
need.
For
he
has
been
longing
to
see
you
all,
and
has
been
distressed
because
you
heard
of
his
illness.
And
I
can
assure
you
that
his
illness
very
nearly
proved
fatal.
But
God
had
pity
on
him,
and
not
on
him
only
but
also
on
me,
so
that
I
might
not
have
sorrow
on
sorrow.
I
am
all
the
more
ready,
therefore,
to
send
him,
so
that
the
sight
of
him
may
revive
your
spirits
and
my
own
sorrow
be
lightened.
Give
him,
then,
the heartiest
of Christian
welcomes,
and
hold
such
people
in
great
honor.
For
it
was owing
to
his
devotion
to
the
Master’s
work
that
he
was
at
the
point
of
death,
having
risked
his
own
life
in
the
effort
to
supply
what
was
wanting
in
the
help
that
you
sent
me.
In
conclusion,
my
friends,
may
all
joy
be
yours
in
your
union
with
the
Lord.
To
repeat
what
I
have
already
written
does
not
weary
me,
and
is
the
safe
course
for
you.
Beware
of
those
dogs!
Beware
of
those
mischievous
workers!
Beware
of
the
men
who mutilate
themselves!
For
it
is
we
who
are
the
circumcised –
we
whose
worship
is
prompted
by
the
Spirit
of
God,
who
exult
in
Christ
Jesus,
and
who
do
not
rely
on external privileges;
though
I,
if
anyone,
have
cause
to
rely
even
on
them.
If
anyone
thinks
he
can
rely
on external privileges,
far
more
can
I!
I
was
circumcised
when
eight
days
old;
I
am
an
Israelite
by
birth,
and
of
the
tribe
of
Benjamin;
I
am
a
Hebrew,
and
the
child
of
Hebrews.
As
to
the
Law,
I
was
a
Pharisee;
as
to
zeal,
I
was
a
persecutor
of
the
church;
as
to
such
righteousness
as
is
due
to
Law,
I
proved
myself
blameless.
But
all
the
things
which
I
once
held
to
be
gains
I
have
now,
for
the
Christ’s
sake,
come
to
count
as
loss.
More
than
that,
I
count
everything
as
loss,
for
the
sake
of
the
exceeding
value
of
the
knowledge
of
Christ
Jesus
my
Lord.
And
for
his
sake
I
have
lost
everything,
and
count
it
as
rubbish,
if
I
may
but
gain
Christ
and
be
found
in
union
with
him;
any
righteousness
that
I
have
being,
not
the
righteousness
that
results
from
Law,
but
the
righteousness
which
comes
through
faith
in
Christ –
the
righteousness
which
is
derived
from
God
and
is
founded
on
faith.
Then
indeed
I
will
know Christ,
and
the
power
of
his resurrection,
and
all
that
it
means
to
share
his
sufferings,
in
the
hope
that,
if
I
become
like
him
in
death,
I
may
possibly
attain
to
the
resurrection
from
the
dead.
Not
that
I
have
already
laid
hold
of
it,
or
that
I
am
already
made
perfect.
But
I
press
on,
in
the
hope
of
actually
laying
hold
of
that
for
which
indeed
I
was
laid
hold
of
by
Christ
Jesus.
For
I,
friends,
do
not
regard
myself
as
having
yet
laid
hold
of
it.
But
this
one
thing
I
do –
forgetting
what
lies
behind,
and straining
every nerve
for
that
which
lies
in
front,
I
press
on
to
the
goal,
to
gain
the
prize
of
that heavenward
call
which
God
gave
me
through
Christ
Jesus.
Let
all
of
us,
then,
whose
faith
is
mature,
think
this
way.
Then,
if
on
any
matter
you
think
otherwise,
God
will
make
that
also
plain
to
you.
Only
we
are
bound
to
order
our
lives
by
what
we
have
already
attained.
My
friends,
unite
in
following
my
example,
and
fix
your
eyes
on
those
who
are
living
by
the
pattern
which
we
have
set
you.
For
there
are
many –
of
whom
I
have
often
told
you,
and
now
tell
you
even
with
tears –
who
are
living
in
enmity
to
the
cross
of
the
Christ.
The
end
of
such
people
is
ruin;
for
their
appetites
are
their
God,
and
they
glory
in
their
shame;
their
minds
are
given
up
to
earthly
things.
But
we
are
citizens
of
heaven,
and
from
heaven
we
expect
a
savior
to
come,
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
By
the
exercise
of
his
power
to
bring
everything
into
subjection
to
himself,
he
will
make
our
humble
bodies
like
his
glorious
body.
So
then,
my
dear
friends,
whom
I
am
longing
to
see –
you
who
are
my
joy
and
my
crown,
stand
fast
in
union
with
the
Lord,
dear
friends.
I
entreat
Euodia,
and
I
entreat
Syntyche,
to
live
in
harmony,
in
union
with
the
Lord;
yes,
and
I
ask
you,
my
true comrade,
to
help
them,
remembering
that
they
toiled
by
my
side
in
spreading
the
good
news;
and
so,
too,
did
Clement
and
my
other
fellow
workers,
whose
names
are
in
the
book
of
life.
All
joy
be
yours
at
all
times
in
your
union
with
the
Lord.
Again
I
repeat –
All
joy
be
yours.
Let
your
forbearing
spirit
be
plain
to
everyone.
The
Lord
is
near.
Do
not
be
anxious
about
anything;
but
under
all
circumstances,
by
prayer
and
entreaty
joined
with
thanksgiving,
make
your
needs
known
to
God.
Then
the
peace
of
God,
which
is
beyond
all
human
understanding,
will
stand
guard
over
your
hearts
and
thoughts,
through
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
In
conclusion,
friends,
whenever
you
find
things
that
are
true
or
honorable,
righteous
or
pure, lovable
or praiseworthy,
or
if virtue
and
honor
have
any
meaning,
let
them
fill
your
thoughts.
All
that
you
learned
and
received
and
heard
and
saw
in
me
put
into
practice
continually;
and
then
God,
the giver
of
peace,
will
be
with
you.
It
was
a
matter
of
great
joy
to
me,
as
one
in
union
with
the
Lord,
that
at
length
your
interest
in
me
had
revived.
The
interest
indeed
you
had,
but
not
the opportunity.
Do
not
think
that
I
am
saying
this
under
the
pressure
of
want.
For
I,
however
I
am
placed,
have
learned
to
be independent
of
circumstances.
I
know
how
to
face
humble
circumstances,
and
I
know
how
to
face
prosperity.
Into
all
and
every
human
experience
I
have
been initiated –
into
plenty
and
hunger,
into
prosperity
and
want.
I
can
do
everything
through
the
strength
of
the
one
who
makes
me
strong!
Yet
you
have
acted
nobly
in
sharing
my
troubles.
And
you
at Philippi
know,
as
well
as
I,
that
in
the
early
days
of
the
good
news –
at
the
time
when
I
had
just
left
Macedonia –
no
church,
with
the
one exception
of
yourselves,
had
anything
to
do
with
me
as
far
as
giving
and
receiving
are
concerned.
Indeed,
even
while
I
was
still
in
Thessalonica,
you
sent
more
than
once
to
relieve
my
wants.
It
is
not
that
I
am
anxious
for
your
gifts,
but
I
am
anxious
to
see
the
abundant
return
that
will
be
placed
to
your
account.
I
have
enough
of
everything,
and
to
spare.
My
wants
are
fully
satisfied,
now
that
I
have
received
from
Epaphroditus
the
gifts
which
you
sent
me –
the
sweet
fragrance
of
a
sacrifice
acceptable
and
pleasing
to
God.
And
my
God,
out
of
the
greatness
of
his
wealth,
will,
in
glory,
fully
satisfy
your
every
need,
through
your
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
To
him,
our
God
and
Father,
be
ascribed
all
glory
for
every
and
ever.
Amen.
Give
my greeting
to
everyone
of
the
people
of
Christ
Jesus.
The
Lord’s
followers
who
are
with
me
send
your
their greetings.
All Christ’s
people
here,
and
especially
those
who
belong
to
the Emperor’s
household,
send
theirs.
May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
rest
on
your
souls.
Colossians
Paul’s Letter to the Colossians
Colossians
Paul’s Letter to the
Colossians
Introduction
From
Paul,
an apostle
of
Christ
Jesus,
by
the
will
of
God,
and
from
Timothy,
also
a follower
of
the
Lord.
To
Christ’s
people
at
Colossae –
the
followers
who
are
faithful
to
him:
May
God,
our
Father,
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
Whenever
we
pray
we
never
fail
to
thank
God,
the
Father
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
for
you,
now
that
we
have
heard
of
your
faith
in
Christ
Jesus
and
of
the
love
that
you
have
for
all
his
people,
because
of
the
hope
which
is
kept
safe
for
you
in
heaven.
Of
this
hope
you
heard
long
ago
in
the
true
message
of
the
good
news
which
reached
you,
bearing
fruit
and
growing,
as
it
does,
through
all
the
world,
just
as
it
did
among
you
from
the
very
day
that
you
heard
of
God’s
loving
kindness,
and
understood
what
that
loving
kindness
really
is.
It
is
just
what
you
learned
from
Epaphras,
our
dear
fellow
servant,
who,
as
a
minister
of
the
Christ,
faithfully
represents
us,
and
who
told
us
of
the
love
with
which
the
Spirit
has
inspired
you.
And
therefore
we,
from
the
very
day
that
we
heard
this,
have
never
ceased
praying
for
you,
or
asking
that
you
may
be
filled
with
the
knowledge
of
the
will
of
God,
which
comes
through
all
true
spiritual
wisdom
and
insight.
Then
you
will
live
lives
worthy
of
the
Master,
and
so
please
God
in
every
way.
Your
lives
will
be
fruitful
in
every
kind
of
good
action,
and
grow
into
a fuller
knowledge
of
God;
you
will
be
made
strong
at
all
points
with
a
strength
worthy
of
the
power
manifested
in
his
glory –
strong
to
endure
with
patience,
and
even
with
gladness,
whatever
may
happen
to
you;
and
you
will
give
thanks
to
the
Father
who
made
you
fit
to
share
the
lot
which
awaits Christ’s
people
in
the realms
of
light.
The
Person
and
Work
of
the Christ
For
God
has
rescued
us
from
the tyranny
of
darkness,
and
has
removed
us
into
the
kingdom
of
his
Son,
who
is
the embodiment
of
his
love,
and
through
whom
we
have
found
deliverance
in
the
forgiveness
of
our
sins.
For Christ
is
the incarnation
of
the invisible
God –
firstborn
and
head
of
all
creation;
for
in
him
was
created
all
that
is
in
heaven
and
on
earth,
the
visible
and
the invisible –
angels
and archangels
and
all
the
powers
of
heaven.
All
has
been
created
through
him
and
for
him.
He
was
before
all
things,
and
all
things
unite
in
him;
and
he
is
the
head
of
the
church,
which
is
his
body.
The
firstborn
from
the
dead,
he
is
to
the
church
the
source
of
its
life,
that
he,
in
all
things,
may
stand
first.
For
it
pleased
the
Father
that
in
him
the
divine nature
in
all
its
fulness
should
live,
and
through
him
to
reconcile
all
things
to
himself (making
peace
by
the
shedding
of Christ’s
blood
offered
on
the
cross) –
whether
on
earth
or
in
heaven.
And
it
pleased
God
that
you,
once
estranged
from
him
and
hostile towards
him
in
your
thoughts,
intent
only
on
wickedness –
but
now
he
has reconciled
you
to
himself
by
the
sacrifice
of Christ’s
earthly
body
in
death –
it
has
pleased
God
that
you
should
stand
in
his
presence
holy,
pure,
and
blameless,
if
only
you
remain
true
to
your
faith,
firm
and
immovable,
never abandoning
the
hope
held
out
in
the
good
news
to
which
you
listened,
which
has
been
proclaimed
among
all
created
things
under
heaven,
and
of
which
I,
Paul,
was
made
an
assistant.
Now
at
last
I
can
rejoice
in
my
sufferings
on
your
behalf,
and
in
my
own
person
I supplement
the
afflictions
endured
by
the
Christ,
for
the
sake
of
his
body,
the
church;
of
which
I
myself
became
a
minister
in virtue
of
the
office
with
which
God
entrusted
me
for
your
benefit,
to
declare
the
message
of
God
in
all
its
fulness –
that
truth
which
has
been
hidden
from
former
ages
and
generations.
But
now
it
has
been
revealed
to
God’s
people,
to
whom
it
was
his
pleasure
to
make
known
the
surpassing
glory
of
that
hidden
truth
when
proclaimed
among
the
Gentiles – ‘Christ
among
you!
Your
hope
of
glory!’
This
is
the
Christ
whom
we
proclaim,
warning
everyone,
and instructing
everyone,
with
all
the
wisdom
that
we
possess,
in
the
hope
of
bringing
everyone
into
God’s
presence
perfected
by
union
with
Christ.
It
is
for
that
I
toil,
struggling
with
all
the
energy
which
he
inspires
and
which
works powerfully
within
me.
I
want
you
to
know
in
how
great
a
struggle
I
am
engaged
for
you
and
for Christ’s
people
at
Laodicea,
and
for
all
who
have
not
yet
seen
me;
in
the
hope
that
they,
being
bound
to
one
another
by
love,
and
keeping
in
view
the
full blessedness
of
a
firm
conviction,
may
be
encouraged
to
strive
for
a
perfect
knowledge
of
God’s
hidden
truth,
even Christ
himself,
in
whom
all
treasures
of
wisdom
and
knowledge
lie
hidden.
I
say
this
to
prevent
anyone
from
deceiving
you
by plausible
arguments.
It
is
true
that
I
am
not
with
you
in
person,
but
I
am
with
you
in
spirit,
and
am
glad
to
see
the
good
order
and
the unbroken
front
resulting
from
your
faith
in
Christ.
Since,
therefore,
you
have
received
Jesus,
the
Christ,
as
your
Lord,
live
your
lives
in
union
with
him –
rooted
in
him,
building
up
your characters
through
union
with
him,
growing
stronger
through
your
faith,
as
you
were
taught,
overflowing
with
faith
and
thanksgiving.
Take
care
that
there
is
not
someone
who
will
carry
you
away
by
his ‘philosophy’ –
a
hollow sham! –
following,
as
it
does,
mere
human
traditions,
and dealing
with puerile
questions
of
this
world,
and
not
with
Christ.
For
in Christ
the
Godhead
in
all
its
fulness
dwells incarnate;
and,
by
your
union
with
him,
you
also
are
filled
with
it.
He
is
the
head
of
all archangels
and
powers
of
heaven.
By
your
union
with
him
you
received
a
circumcision
that
was
not
performed
by
human
hands,
when
you
threw
off
the tyranny
of
the
earthly
body,
and
received
the
circumcision
of
the
Christ.
For
in baptism
you
were
buried
with Christ;
and
in baptism
you
were
also
raised
to
life
with
him,
through
your
faith
in
the omnipotence
of
God,
who
raised
him
from
the
dead.
And
to
you,
who
once
were
dead,
by
reason
of
your
sins
and
your
uncircumcised nature –
to
you
God
gave
life
in
giving
life
to Christ!
He
pardoned
all
our
sins!
He
canceled
the
bond
which
stood
against
us –
the
bond
that
consisted
of
ordinances –
and
which
was
directly
hostile
to
us!
He
has
taken
it
out
of
our
way
by
nailing
it
to
the
cross!
He
rid
himself
of
all
the
powers
of
evil,
and
held
them
up
to
open
contempt,
when
he
celebrated
his
triumph
over
them
on
the
cross!
Do
not,
then,
allow
anyone
to
take
you
to
task
on
questions
of
eating
or
drinking,
or
in
the
matter
of
annual
or
monthly
or weekly
festivals.
These
things
are
only
the
shadow
of
what
is
to
come;
the
substance
is
in
the
Christ.
Do
not
let
anyone
defraud
you
of
the
reality
by affecting
delight
in so-called ‘humility’
and angel-worship.
Such
a
person busies
themselves
with
their
visions,
and
without
reason
are
rendered conceited
by
their
merely
human intellect.
They
fail
to
maintain
union
with
the
head,
to
whom
it
is
due
that
the
whole
body,
nourished
and
knit
together
by
the
contact
and connexion
of
every
part,
grows
with
a
divine
growth.
Since,
with
Christ,
you
became
dead
to
the puerile
teaching
of
this
world,
why
do
you
submit,
as
if
you
still
belonged
to
the
world,
to
such
ordinances
as ‘Do
not
handle,
or
taste,
or touch’?
For
all
the
things referred
to
in
them
cease
to
exist
when
used.
You
are
following
mere
human
directions
and
instructions.
Such prohibitions
appear
reasonable
where
there
is
a
desire
for self-imposed
service,
and so-called ‘humility,’
and
harsh treatment
of
the
body,
but
are
of
no real
value
against
the
indulgence
of
our
earthly nature.
Since,
therefore,
you
were
raised
to
life
with
the
Christ,
seek
for
the
things
that
are
above;
for
it
is
there
that
the
Christ
is
seated
at
the
right
hand
of
God.
Fix
your
thoughts
on
the
things
that
are
above,
not
on
those
that
are
on
earth.
For
you
died,
and
your
life
now
lies
hidden,
with
the
Christ,
in
God.
When
the
Christ,
who
is
our
life,
appears,
then
you
also
will
appear
with
him
in
glory.
The Gospel
in
the
Daily
Life
Therefore
destroy
all
that
is
earthly
in
you –
immorality,
uncleanness,
passions,
evil
desires,
and
that
greed
which
is
idolatry.
These
are
the
things
because
of
which
the
wrath
of
God
comes,
and
to
which
you,
like
others,
once
devoted
your
lives,
when
you
lived
for
them.
You,
however,
must
now
lay
aside
all
such
things –
anger,
passion,
malice,
slander,
abuse.
Never
lie
to
one
another.
Get
rid
of
your
old self
and
its habits,
and
clothe
yourselves
with
that
new
self,
which,
as
it
gains
in
knowledge,
is
being
constantly
renewed
in
resemblance
to
him
who
made
it.
In
that
new
life
there
is
no
distinction
between
Greek
and
Jew,
circumcised
and
uncircumcised, barbarian,
Scythian,
slave,
free;
but
Christ
is
all! –
and
in
all!
Therefore,
as
God’s
people,
consecrated
and
dear
to
him,
clothe
yourselves
with
tenderness
of
heart, kindliness,
humility,
gentleness,
forbearance;
bearing
with
one
another,
and,
when
there
is
any
ground
for
complaint,
forgiving
one
another
freely.
As
the
Master
freely
forgave
you,
so
you
must
forgive
one
another.
Over
all
these virtues
put
on
love;
for
that
is
the
belt
which
makes
all
complete.
Let
the
peace
that
the
Christ
gives
decide
all
doubts
within
your
hearts;
for
you
also
were
called
to
the
enjoyment
of
peace
as
members
of
one
body.
And
show
yourselves
thankful.
Let
the
message
of
the
Christ
be
alive
in
your
minds
in
all
its
wealth,
bringing
all
wisdom
with
it.
Teach
and
admonish
one
another
with
psalms,
and
hymns,
and
sacred
songs,
full
of
the
loving
kindness
of
God,
lifting
your
hearts
in
song
to
him.
And,
whatever
you
say
or
do,
do
everything
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus;
and
through
him
offer
thanksgiving
to
God
the
father.
Wives,
submit
to
your
husbands,
as
befits
those
who
belong
to
the
Lord.
Husbands,
love
your
wives,
and
never
treat
them
harshly.
Children,
always
obey
your
parents;
for
that
is
pleasant
to
see
in
those
who
belong
to
the
Lord.
Fathers,
never
irritate
your
children,
otherwise
they
might
become
disheartened.
Slaves,
always
obey
your
earthly
masters,
not
only
when
their
eyes
are
on
you,
as
if
you
had
but
to
please
people
alone,
but
giving
them ungrudging
service,
in
your
respect
for
the
Master.
Whatever
you
do,
do
it
with
all
your
heart,
as
if
working
for
the
Master
and
not
for
people,
since
you
know
that
it
is
from
the
Master
that
you
will
receive
the
inheritance
which
will
be
your
reward.
You
are
serving
Christ,
the
Master.
Those
who
do
wrong
will
reap
the
wrong
they
have
done;
and
there
will
be
no
partiality.
Masters,
do
what
is
right
and
fair
by
your
slaves,
for
you
know
that
you
also
have
a
Master –
in
heaven.
Devote
yourselves
to
prayer.
Give
your
whole
mind
to
it,
and
also
offer
thanksgiving;
and
at
the
same
time
pray
for
us,
so
that
God
may
give
us
an
opening
for
our
message,
so
that
we
may
speak
of
the truths
hidden
in
the
Christ –
the truths
for
which
I
am
in
chains!
Then
I
will
make
them
known,
as
I
ought
to
do.
Show tact
in
your
behavior
to
the
outside
world,
making
the
most
of
every
opportunity.
Let
your
conversation
always
be
kindly,
but
not bland,
season
it,
as
it
were,
with
salt;
be
aware
in
each
case
of
the
answer
you
should
be
giving.
Conclusion
Our
dear
friend,
Tychicus,
will
tell
you
all
about
me.
He
is
a
faithful
minister,
and
a
fellow
servant
in
the
Master’s
cause.
I
send
him
to
you
expressly
that
you
may
learn
our
circumstances,
and
that
he
may
give
you
encouragement.
With
him
will
be
Onesimus,
our
dear
faithful
friend,
who
is
one
of
yourselves.
They
will
tell
you
all
that
is
going
on
here.
My
fellow
prisoner, Aristarchus,
sends
you
his greeting,
and Barnabas’s cousin,
Mark,
sends
his. (You
have
received
directions
about
him.
If
he
comes
to
you,
make
him
welcome.)
Joshua,
who
is
called
Justus,
also
sends
his greeting.
These
are
the
only
converts
from Judaism
who
have
worked
with
me
for
the
kingdom
of
God;
I
have
found
them
a
great
comfort.
Epaphras,
who
is
one
of
yourselves,
sends
you
his greeting.
He
is
a
servant
of
Christ
Jesus,
and
is
always
most
earnest
in
your
behalf
in
his
prayers,
praying
that
you
may
stand
firm,
with
a matured
faith
and
with
a
sure conviction
of
all
that
is
in
accordance
with
God’s
will.
I
can
bear
testimony
to
the
deep
interest
he
takes
in
you,
as
well
as
in
the
followers
at
Laodicea
and
at
Hierapolis.
Luke,
our
dear
doctor,
sends
you
his greeting,
and
Demas
sends
his.
Give
my greeting
to
the
followers
at
Laodicea,
and
to Nymphe,
and
to
the
church
that
meets
at
her
house.
And
when
this
letter
has
been
read
to
you,
see
that
it
is
also
read
before
the
church
at
Laodicea,
and
that
you
yourselves
read
the
letter
which
will
be forwarded
from
there.
Give
this
message
to Archippus – ‘Take
care
to
discharge
to
the
best
of
your
ability
the
office
to
which
you
were
appointed
in
the
Master’s
cause.’
I,
Paul,
add
this greeting
in
my
own handwriting.
Remember
these
chains
of
mine.
God’s
blessing
be
with
you.
1 Thessalonians
Paul’s First Letter to the Thessalonians
1 Thessalonians
Paul’s First Letter to the
Thessalonians
Introduction
To
the Thessalonian
church
in
union
with
God
the
Father
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
from
Paul, Silas,
and
Timothy.
May
God
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
The Apostle
and
his
Converts
We
always
mention
you
in
our
prayers
and
thank
God
for
you
all;
recalling
continually
before
our
God
and
Father
the
efforts
that
have
resulted
from
your
faith,
the
toil
prompted
by
your
love,
and
the
patient
endurance
sustained
by
your
hope
in
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
Friends,
whom
God
loves,
we
know
that
he
has
chosen
you,
because
the
good
news
that
we
brought
came
home
to
you,
not
merely
as
so
many
words,
but
with
a
power
and
a
fulness
of
conviction
due
to
the
Holy
Spirit.
For
you
know
the
life
that
we
lived
among
you
for
your
good.
And
you
yourselves
began
to
follow,
not
only
our
example,
but
the
Master’s
also;
and,
in
spite
of
much
suffering,
you
welcomed
the
message
with
a
joy
inspired
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
so
became
a
pattern
to
all
who
believed
in Christ
throughout
Macedonia
and
Greece.
For
it
was
from
you
that
the
Lord’s
message
resounded
throughout
Macedonia
and
Greece;
and,
more
than
that,
your
faith
in
God
has
become
known
far
and
wide;
so
that
there
is
no
need
for
us
to
say
another
word.
Indeed,
in
speaking
about
us,
the
people
themselves
tell
of
the
reception
you
gave
us,
and
how,
turning
to
God
from
your
idols,
you
became
servants
of
the
true
and
living
God,
and
are
now awaiting
the
return
from
heaven
of
his
Son
whom
he
raised
from
the
dead –
Jesus,
our
deliverer
from
the
coming
wrath.
Yes,
friends,
you
yourselves
know
that
your
reception
of
us
was
not
without
result.
For,
although
we
had
experienced
suffering
and
ill treatment,
as
you
know,
at
Philippi,
we
had
the
courage,
by
the
help
of
our
God,
to
tell
you
God’s
good
news
in
spite
of
great
opposition.
Our
appeal
to
you
was
not
based
on
a
delusion,
nor
was
it
made
from
unworthy
motives,
or
with
any
intention
of
misleading
you.
But,
having
been
found
worthy
by
God
to
be
entrusted
with
the
good
news,
therefore
we
tell
it;
with
a
view
to
please,
not
people,
but
God
who
proves
our
hearts.
Never
at
any
time,
as
you
know,
did
we
use
the
language
of
flattery,
or
make
false professions
in
order
to
hide
selfish
aims.
God
will
bear
witness
to
that.
Nor
did
we
seek
to
win
honor
from
people,
whether
from
you
or
from
others,
although,
as apostles
of
Christ,
we
might
have
burdened
you
with
our
support.
But
we
lived
among
you
with
the
simplicity
of
a
child;
we
were
like
a
woman
nursing
her
own
children.
In
our
strong
affection
for
you,
that
seemed
to
us
the
best
way
of
sharing
with
you,
not
only
God’s
good
news,
but
our
lives
as
well –
so
dear
had
you
become
to
us.
You
will
not
have
forgotten,
friends,
our
labor
and
toil.
Night
and
day
we
used
to
work
at
our trades,
so
as
not
be
a
burden
to
any
of
you,
while
we
proclaimed
to
you
God’s
good
news.
You
will
bear
witness,
and
God
also,
that
our
relations
with
you
who
believed
in
Christ
were
pure,
and
upright,
and
beyond
reproach.
Indeed,
you
know
that,
like
a
father
with
his
own
children,
we
used
to
encourage
and
comfort
every
one
of
you,
and
solemnly
plead
with
you;
so
that
you
should
make
your
daily
lives
worthy
of
God
who
is
calling
you
into
the
glory
of
his
kingdom.
This,
too,
is
a
reason
why
we,
on
our
part,
are
continually
thanking
God –
because,
in
receiving
the
teaching
that
you
had
from
us,
you
accepted
it,
not
as
the
teaching
of humans,
but
as
what
it
really
is –
the
teaching
of
God,
which
is
even
now
doing
its
work
within
you
who
believe
in Christ.
For
you,
friends,
began
to
follow
the
example
of
the
churches
of
God
in
Judea
which
are
in
union
with
Jesus
Christ;
you,
in
your
turn,
suffering
at
the
hands
of
your
fellow
citizens,
in
the
same
way
as
those
churches
did
at
the
hands
of
their
people –
who
killed
both
the
Lord
Jesus
and
the
prophets,
and
persecuted
us
also.
They
do
not
try
to
please
God,
and
they
are
enemies
to
all
humanity,
for
they
try
to
prevent
us
from
speaking
to
the
Gentiles
with
a
view
to
their
salvation,
and
so
are
always
filling
up
the
measure
of
their
iniquity.
But
the
wrath
of
God
has
come
upon
them
to
the
full!
As
for
ourselves,
friends,
our
having
been
bereaved
of
you
even
for
a
short
time –
though
in
body
only,
and
not
in
spirit –
made
us
all
the
more
eager
to
see
your
faces
again;
and
the
longing
to
do
so
was
strong
on
us.
That
was
why
we
made
up
our
minds
to
go
and
see
you –
at
least
I,
Paul,
did,
more
than
once –
but
Satan
put difficulties
in
our
way.
For
what
hope
or
joy
will
be
ours,
or
what
crown
will
we
have
to
boast
of,
in
the
presence
of
our
Lord
Jesus,
at
his
coming,
if
it
isn’t
you?
You
are
our
pride
and
our
delight!
And
so,
as
we
could
bear
it
no
longer,
we
made
up
our
minds
to
remain
behind
alone
at Athens,
and
sent
Timothy,
our
dear
friend
and
God’s
minister
of
the
good
news
of
the
Christ,
to
strengthen
you,
and
to
encourage
you
in
your
faith,
so
that
none
of
you
should
be
shaken
by
the
troubles
through
which
you
are
passing.
You
yourselves
know
that
we
are
destined
to
meet
with
such
things.
For,
even
while
we
were
with
you,
we
warned
you
beforehand
that
we
were
certain
to
encounter
trouble.
And
so
it
proved,
as
you
know.
Therefore,
since
I
could
no
longer
endure
the uncertainty,
I
sent
to
make inquiries
about
your
faith,
fearing
that
the
Tempter
had
tempted
you,
and
that
our
toil
might
prove
to
have
been
in
vain.
But,
when
Timothy
recently
returned
to
us
from
you
with
good
news
of
your
faith
and
love,
and
told
us
how
kindly
you
think
of
us –
always
longing,
he
said,
to
see
us,
just
as
we
are
longing
to
see
you –
on
hearing
this,
we
felt
encouraged
about
you,
friends,
in
the
midst
of
all
our difficulties
and
troubles,
by
your
faith.
For
it
is
new
life
to
us
to
know
that
you
are
holding
fast
to
the
Lord.
How
can
we
thank
God
enough
for
all
the
happiness
that
you
are
giving
us
in
the
sight
of
our
God?
Night
and
day
we
pray
most
earnestly
that
we
may
see
you
face
to
face,
and
make
good
any deficiency
in
your
faith.
May
our
God
and
Father
himself,
and
Jesus,
our
Lord,
make
the
way
plain
for
us
to
come
to
you.
And
for
you,
may
the
Lord
fill
you
to
overflowing
with
love
for
one
another
and
for
everyone,
just
as
we
are
filled
with
love
for
you;
and
so
make
your
hearts
strong,
and
your
lives
pure
beyond
reproach,
in
the
sight
of
our
God
and
Father,
at
the
coming
of
our
Lord
Jesus,
with
all
his
Holy
Ones.
Advice on Daily Life
Further,
friends,
we
beg
and
urge
you
in
the
name
of
our
Lord
Jesus
to
carry
out
more
fully
than
ever –
as
indeed
you
are
already
doing –
all
that
you
have
heard
from
us
as
to
what
your
daily
life
must
be,
if
it
is
to
please
God.
For
you
have
not
forgotten
the
directions
that
we
gave
you
on
the
authority
of
our
Lord
Jesus.
For
this
is
God’s
purpose –
that
you
should
be
pure; abstaining
from
all
immorality;
each
of
you
learning
to
gain
control
over
your
own
body,
in
a
way
that
is
holy
and
honorable,
and
not
for
the
mere gratification
of
your
passions,
like
the
Gentiles
who
know
nothing
of
God;
none
of
you overreaching
or
taking
advantage
of
their
fellow follower
of
the
Lord
in
such
matters.
The
Lord
takes
vengeance
on
all
who
do
such
things,
as
we
have
already
warned
you
and
solemnly
declared.
For
God
does
not
call
us
to
an
impure
life,
but
demands
holiness.
Therefore
the
person
who disregards
this
warning disregards,
not
people,
but
God
who
gives
you
his
Holy
Spirit.
As
to
love
for
each
other
there
is
no
need
to
write
to
you;
for
you
have
yourselves
been
taught
by
God
to
love
one
another;
and
indeed
you
do
act
in
this
spirit towards
all
his
people
throughout
Macedonia.
Yet,
friends,
we
beg
you
to
do
even
more.
Make
it
your
ambition
to
live
quietly,
and
to
attend
to
your
own
business,
and
to
work
with
your
hands,
as
we
directed
you;
so
that
your
conduct
may
win
respect
from
those
outside
the church,
and
that
you
may
not
want
for
anything.
The
Dead
in Christ
at
the
coming
of
the
Lord
We
don’t
want
you
to
be
ignorant,
friends,
about
those
who
have
passed
to
their
rest.
We
don’t
want
you
to
grieve
like
other
people
who
have
no
hope.
For,
as
we
believe
that
Jesus
died
and
rose
again,
so
also
we
believe
that
God
will
bring,
with
Jesus,
those
who
through
him
have
passed
to
their
rest.
This
we
tell
you
on
the
authority
of
the
Lord –
that
those
of
us
who
are
still
living
at
the
coming
of
the
Lord
will
not
anticipate
those
who
have
passed
to
their
rest.
For,
with
a
loud
summons,
with
the
shout
of
an archangel,
and
with
the trumpet-call
of
God,
the
Lord
himself
will
come
down
from
heaven.
Then
those
who
died
in
union
with
Christ
will
rise
first;
and
afterward
we
who
are
still
living
will
be
caught
up
in
the
clouds,
with
them,
to
meet
the
Lord
in
the
air;
and
so
we
will
be
for
ever
with
the
Lord.
Therefore,
comfort
one
another
with
what
I
have
told
you.
But
as
to
the
times
and
the moments,
there
is
no
need,
friends,
for
anyone
to
write
to
you.
You
yourselves
know
well
that
the
day
of
the
Lord
will
come
just
as
a
thief
comes
in
the
night.
When
people
are
saying ‘All
is
quiet
and
safe,’
it
is
then
that,
like
birth
pains
on
a
pregnant
woman,
ruin
comes
suddenly
upon
them,
and
there
will
be
no
escape!
You,
however,
friends,
are
not
in
darkness,
that
the
daylight
should
take
you
by surprise
as
if
you
were
thieves.
For
you
all
are
children
of
light
and
children
of
the
day.
We
have
nothing
to
do
with
night,
or
darkness.
Therefore
let
us
not
sleep
as
others
do.
No,
let
us
be
watchful
and self-controlled.
It
is
at
night
that
people
sleep,
and
at
night
that
drunkards
get
drunk.
But
let
us,
who
belong
to
the
day,
control
ourselves,
and
put
on
faith
and
love
as
a
breast
plate,
and
the
hope
of
salvation
as
a
helmet.
For
God
destined
us,
not
for
wrath,
but
to
win
salvation
through
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
who
died
for
us,
that,
whether
we
are
still
watching
or
have
fallen
asleep,
we
may
live
with
him.
Therefore
encourage
one
another,
and
try
to
build
up
one
another’s characters,
as
indeed
you
are
doing.
Conclusion
We
beg
you,
friends,
to
value
those
who
toil
among
you,
and
are
your
leaders
in
the
Lord’s
service,
and
give
you
counsel.
Hold
them
in
the
very
greatest
esteem
and
affection
for
the
sake
of
their
work.
Live
at
peace
with
one
another.
We
entreat
you
also,
friends –
warn
the disorderly,
comfort
the faint-hearted,
give
a
helping
hand
to
the
weak,
and
be
patient
with
everyone.
Take
care
that
none
of
you
ever
pays
back
wrong
for
wrong,
but
always
follow
the kindest
course
with
one
another
and
with
everyone.
Always
be
joyful;
never
cease
to
pray;
under
all
circumstances
give
thanks
to
God.
For
this
is
his
will
for
you
as
made
known
in
Christ
Jesus.
Do
not
quench
the
Spirit;
do
not
make
light
of
preaching.
Bring
everything
to
the
test;
cling
to
what
is
good;
shun
every
form
of
evil.
May
God
himself,
the giver
of
peace,
make
you
altogether
holy;
and
may
your
spirits,
souls,
and
bodies
be
kept
altogether faultless
until
the
coming
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
He
who
calls
you
will
not
fail
you;
he
will
complete
his
work.
Friends,
pray
for
us.
Greet
all
the
Lord’s
followers
with
a
sacred
kiss.
I
order
you
in
the
Lord’s
name
to
have
this
letter
read
to
all
the
brethren.
May
the
blessing
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
be
with
you.
2 Thessalonians
Paul’s Second Letter to the Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
Paul’s Second Letter to the
Thessalonians
Introduction
To
the Thessalonian
church
in
union
with
God
our
Father
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
From
Paul, Silas,
and
Timothy.
May
God,
the
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
The Apostle
and
his
Converts
Friends,
it
is
our
duty
always
to
thank
God
about
you,
as
is
but
right,
considering
the
wonderful
growth
of
your
faith,
and
because,
without exception,
your
love
for
one
another
is
continually
increasing.
So
much
is
this
the
case
that
we
ourselves
speak
with
pride,
before
the
churches
of
God,
of
the
patience
and
faith
which
you
have
shown,
in
spite
of
all
the
persecutions
and
troubles
that
you
are
enduring.
These persecutions
will
vindicate
the
justice
of
God’s
judgment,
and
will
result
in
your
being
reckoned
worthy
of
God’s
kingdom,
for
the
sake
of
which
you
are
now
suffering;
since
God deems
it
just
to
inflict
suffering
on
those
who
are
now inflicting
suffering
on
you,
and
to
give
relief
to
you
who
are
suffering,
as
well
as
to
us,
at
the
appearing
of
the
Lord
Jesus
from
heaven
with
his
mighty
angels,
in
flaming
fire.
Then
he
will
inflict
punishment
on
those
who
refuse
to
know
God,
and
on
those
who
turn
a
deaf
ear
to
the
good
news
of
Jesus,
our
Lord.
They
will
pay
the
penalty
of unutterable
ruin –
banished
from
the
presence
of
the
Lord
and
from
the
glorious manifestation
of
his
might,
when
he
comes
to
be
honored
in
his
people,
and
to
be
revered
in
all
who
have
learned
to
believe
in
him (for
you
also
believed
our
testimony) –
as
he
will
be
on
that
day.
With
this
in
view,
our
constant
prayer
for
you
is
that
our
God
may
count
you
worthy
of
the
call
that
you
have
received,
and
by
his
power
make
perfect
your
delight
in
all
goodness
and
the
efforts
that
have
resulted
from
your
faith.
Then,
in
the
loving
kindness
of
our
God
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
will
the
name
of
Jesus,
our
Lord,
be
honored
in
you,
and
you
in
him.
Events that must precede the Lord’s Coming
As
to
the
coming
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
and
our
being
gathered
to
meet
him,
we
beg
you,
friends,
not
lightly
to
let
your
minds
become unsettled
or
disturbed
by
any
revelation,
or
by
any
message
or
letter purporting
to
come
from
us,
to
the
effect
that
the
day
of
the
Lord
is
come.
Don’t
let
anyone
deceive
you
in
any
way.
For
it
will
not
come
before
the
final
rebellion
against
God,
when lawlessness
is
revealed
in
human
form, headed
for
destruction.
He
is
the
adversary
of
everything
that
is
spoken
of
as
a
god
or
as
an
object
of
worship, enthroning
himself
in
God’s
Temple
claiming
to
be
God!
Don’t
you
remember
how,
when
I
was
with
you,
I
used
to
speak
to
you
of
all
this?
And
you
know
now
what
the restraining
influence
is
which prevents
his
appearing
before
his
appointed
time.
Wickedness,
indeed,
is
already
at
work
in
secret,
but
only
until
he
who
at
present
restrains
it
is
removed
out
of
the
way.
Then
the
lawless
person
will
be
revealed,
but
the
Lord
Jesus
will
destroy
him
with
the
breath
of
his
mouth,
annihilate
him
by
the
splendor
of
his
coming.
When
the
lawless
person
comes,
there
will
be
great
activity
on
the
part
of
Satan,
in
the
form
of
all
kinds
of
deceptive
miracles,
signs,
and
marvels,
as
well
as
of
wicked
attempts
to delude –
to
the
ruin
of
those
who
are
on
the
path
to
destruction,
because
they
have
never
received
and
loved
the
truth
to
their
own
salvation.
That
is
why
God
places
them
under
the
influence
of
a
delusion,
to
cause
them
to
believe
a
lie;
so
that
sentence
may
be
passed
on
all
those
who
refuse
to
believe
the
truth,
but
delight
in
wickedness.
But,
friends,
whom
the
Lord
loves,
it
is
our
duty
always
to
thank
God
about
you,
for,
from
the
first,
God
chose
you
for
salvation
through
the
purifying
influence
of
the
Spirit,
and
your
belief
in
the
truth.
To
this
you
were
called
by
the
good
news
which
we
brought
you,
to
attain
to
the
glory
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
Stand
firm
then,
friends,
and
hold
fast
to
the truths
that
we
taught
you,
whether
by
word
or
by
letter.
And
may
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
himself,
and
God
our
Father,
who
loved
us
and,
in
his
loving
kindness,
gave
us unfailing
consolation
and
good
ground
for
hope,
console
your
hearts,
and
strengthen
you
to
do
and
to
say
all
that
is
right.
Conclusion
In
conclusion,
friends,
pray
for
us –
pray
that
the
Lord’s
message
may
spread
rapidly,
and
be
received
everywhere
with
honor,
as
it
was
among
you;
and
that
we
may
be
preserved
from wrong-headed
and
wicked
people –
for
it
is
not
everyone
who
believes
in Christ.
But
the
Lord
will
not
fail
you.
He
will
give
you
strength,
and
guard
you
from
evil.
Yes,
and
the
confidence
that
our
union
with
the
Lord enables
us
to
place
in
you
leads
us
to
believe
that
you
are
doing,
and
will
do,
what
we
direct
you.
May
the
Lord
bring
you
to
the
love
of
God,
and
to
the
patience
of
the
Christ.
We
beg
you,
friends,
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
to
avoid
any follower
who
is
living
an ill-ordered
life,
which
is
not
in
agreement
with
the
teaching
that
you
received
from
us.
For
you
know
well
that
you
ought
to
follow
our
example.
When
we
were
with
you,
our
life
was
not ill-ordered,
nor
did
we
eat
anyone’s
bread
without
paying
for
it.
Night
and
day,
laboring
and
toiling,
we
used
to
work
at
our trades,
so
as
not
to
be
a
burden
on
any
of
you.
This
was
not
because
we
had
not
a
right
to
receive
support,
but
our
object
was
to
give
you
a
pattern
for
you
to
copy.
Indeed,
when
we
were
with
you,
the
rule
we
laid
down
was – ‘Whoever
does
not
choose
to
work
will
not
get
to
eat.’
We
hear
that
there
are
among
you
people
who
are
living ill-ordered
lives,
and
who,
instead
of
attending
to
their
own
business,
are
mere
busybodies.
All
such
people
we
beg,
and
implore,
in
the
name
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
to
attend
quietly
to
their
business,
and earn
their
own
living.
You,
friends,
must
not
grow
weary
of
doing
what
is
right.
If
anyone disregards
what
we
have
said
in
this
letter,
take
note
of
them
and
avoid
their
company,
so
that
they
may
feel
ashamed.
Yet
do
not
think
of
them
as
an
enemy,
but caution
them
as
you
would
a
brother
or
sister.
May
the
Lord,
from
whom
all
peace
comes,
himself
give
you
his
peace
at
all
times
and
in
all
ways.
May
he
be
with
you
all.
I,
Paul,
add
this greeting
in
my
own handwriting.
It
is
my
signature
to
every
letter.
This
is
how
I
write.
May
the
blessing
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
be
with
you
all.
1 Timothy
Paul’s First Letter to Timothy
1 Timothy
Paul’s First Letter to
Timothy
Introduction
From
Paul,
an apostle
of
Christ
Jesus
by
the
appointment
of
God,
our
Savior,
and
Christ
Jesus,
our
hope.
To
Timothy,
my
true
child
in
the
faith:
May
God,
the
Father,
and
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord,
bless
you,
and
be
merciful
to
you,
and
give
you
peace.
I
beg
you,
as
I
did
when
I
was
on
my
way
into
Macedonia,
to
remain
at
Ephesus;
so
that
you
may
instruct
certain
people
there
not
to
teach
new
and
strange
doctrines,
nor
to
devote
their
attention
to legends
and interminable
genealogies,
which
tend
to
give
rise
to
argument
rather
than
to
further
that
divine
plan
which
is
revealed
in
the
faith.
The
object
of
all
instruction
is
to
call
forth
that
love
which
comes
from
a
pure
heart,
a
clear
conscience,
and
a
sincere
faith.
And
it
is
because
they
have
not
aimed
at
these
things
that
the
attention
of
certain
people
has
been
diverted
to
unprofitable
subjects.
They
want
to
be
teachers
of
the
Law,
and
yet
do
not
understand
either
the
words
they
use,
or
the
subjects
on
which
they
speak
so
confidently.
We
know,
of
course,
that
the
Law
is
excellent,
when
used
legitimately,
by
one
who
recognizes
that
laws
were
not
made
for
good
people,
but
for
the
lawless
and disorderly,
for irreligious
and
wicked
people,
for
those
who
are irreverent
and
profane,
for
those
who ill-treat
their
fathers
or
mothers,
for
murderers,
for
the
immoral,
for
perverts,
for
slave
traders,
for
liars,
for
perjurers,
and
for
whatever
else
is
opposed
to
sound Christian
teaching –
as
is
taught
in
the
glorious
good
news
of
the ever-blessed
God,
with
which
I
was
entrusted.
I
am
thankful
to
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord,
who
has
been
my
strength,
for
showing
that
he
thought
me
worthy
of
trust
by appointing
me
to
his
ministry,
though
I
once
used
to
blaspheme,
and
to
persecute,
and
to
insult.
Yet
mercy
was
shown
me,
because
I
acted
in
ignorance,
while
still
an unbeliever;
and
the
loving
kindness
of
our
Lord
was boundless,
and
filled
me
with
that
faith
and
love
which
come
from
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
How
true
the
saying
is,
and
worthy
of
the fullest
acceptance,
that ‘Christ
Jesus
came
into
the
world
to
save sinners’!
And
there
is
no
greater
sinner
than
I!
Yet
mercy
was
shown
me
for
the
express
purpose
that
Christ
Jesus
might
exhibit
in
my
case,
beyond
all
others,
his exhaustless
patience,
as
an
example
for
those
who
were
afterward
to
believe
on
him
and
attain
eternal
life.
To
the
eternal
King, ever-living, invisible,
the
one
God,
be
ascribed
honor
and
glory
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.
This,
then,
is
the
charge
that
I
lay
on
you,
Timothy,
my
child,
in
accordance
with
what
was
predicted
of
you –
Fight
the
good
fight
in
the
spirit
of
those
predictions,
with
faith,
and
with
a
clear
conscience;
and
it
is
because
they
have
thrust
this
aside,
that,
as
regards
the
faith,
some
have wrecked
their
lives.
Hymenaeus
and Alexander
are instances –
the
men
whom
I
delivered
over
to
Satan
so
that
they
might
be
taught
not
to
blaspheme.
General Directions on Church Matters
First
of
all,
then,
I
ask
that
petitions,
prayers,
intercessions,
and
thanksgivings
should
be
offered
for
everyone,
especially
for
kings
and
all
who
are
in
high
positions,
in
order
that
we
may
lead
a
quiet
and
peaceful
life
in
a
deeply religious
and reverent
spirit.
This
will
be
good
and
acceptable
in
the
eyes
of
God,
our
Savior,
whose
will
is
that
everyone
should
be
saved,
and
attain
to
a
full
knowledge
of
the
truth.
There
is
but
one
God,
and
one
mediator
between
God
and
humanity –
the
human,
Christ
Jesus,
who
gave
himself
as
a
ransom
on
behalf
of
all.
This
must
be
our
testimony,
as opportunities
present
themselves;
and
it
was
for
this
that
I
was
myself
appointed
a
herald
and
an apostle (I
am
telling
the
simple
truth
and
no
lie) –
a
teacher
of
the
Gentiles
in
the
faith
and
truth.
My
desire,
then,
is
that
it
should
be
the
custom
everywhere
for
the
men
to
lead
the
prayers,
with
hands reverently
uplifted, avoiding
heated
controversy.
I
also
desire
that
women
should
adorn
themselves
with
appropriate
dress,
worn
quietly
and modestly,
and
not
with
wreaths
or
gold
ornaments
for
the
hair,
or
pearls,
or
costly
clothing,
but –
as
is
proper
for
women
who
profess
to
be religious –
with
good
actions.
They
must
learn,
listening
quietly
to
their
teachers
and
showing
them
all deference.
I
do
not
consent
to
them
becoming
teachers,
or
exercising
authority
over
men;
they
ought
to
not
make
a fuss.
Adam
was
formed
first,
not
Eve.
And
it
was
not
Adam
who
was
deceived;
it
was
the
woman
who
was
entirely
deceived
and
fell
into
sin.
But
she
will
be
saved
by
the
birth
of
a
child,
if
they
never
abandon
faith,
love,
or
holiness,
and
behave
with modesty.
How
true
is
this
saying: ‘To aspire
to
be
to
be
a
supervisor
in
the church
is
to
be ambitious
for
a
noble
task.’
The
supervisor
should
be
of
blameless
character;
a
faithful
partner;
living
a
temperate,
discreet,
and well-ordered
life;
hospitable,
and
a
skillful
teacher,
not
addicted
to
drink
or
brawling,
but
of
a
forbearing
and
peaceable disposition,
and
not
a
lover
of
money;
they
should
provide
for
their
own
household
well,
and
their
children
should
kept
under
control
and
be well-behaved.
If
someone
does
not
know
how
to
provide
for
their
own
household,
how
can
they
take
charge
of
the
church
of
God?
The
supervisor
should
not
be
a recent
convert,
or
they
might
become
blinded
by
pride
and
fall
under
the
same
judgment
as
the
devil.
They
should
also
be
well
spoken
of
by
outsiders,
so
that
they
may
not
incur censure
and
so
fall
into
the devil’s
trap.
So,
too, assistants
should
be
serious
and
straightforward,
not
given
to
taking
much
drink
or
to questionable money-making,
but
people
who
hold
the
deep truths
of
the
faith
and
have
a
clear
conscience.
They
should
be
tested
first,
and
only
appointed
to
their
office
if
no objection
is
raised
against
them.
It
should
be
the
same
with
the
women
in
this
office.
They
should
be
serious,
not
gossips,
sober,
and
trustworthy
in
all
respects.
Assistants
should
be
faithful
partners
who
manage
their
children
and
their
households
well.
Those
who
have
filled
that
post
with
honor
gain
for
themselves
an
honorable
position,
as
well
as
great
confidence
through
the
faith
that
they
place
in
Christ
Jesus.
Special
Directions
to Timothy
I
am
writing
this
to
you,
though
I
hope
that
I
will
come
to
see
you
before
long;
but
in
case
I
should
be
delayed,
I
want
you
to
know
what
your
conduct
ought
to
be
in
the
household
of
God,
which
is
the
church
of
the
living
God –
the
pillar
and
stay
of
the
truth.
Yes,
and undeniably
wonderful
are
the
deep truths
of
our religion;
for –
‘He
was
revealed
in
our nature,
pronounced
righteous
in
spirit,
seen
by
angels,
proclaimed
among
the
Gentiles,
believed
on
in
the
world,
taken
up
into
glory.’
But
the
Spirit
distinctly
says
that
in
later
times
there
will
be
some
who
will
fall
away
from
the
faith,
and
devote
their
attention
to
misleading
spirits,
and
to
the
teaching
of
demons,
who
will
make
use
of
the
hypocrisy
of
lying
teachers.
These
people’s
consciences
are seared,
and
they discourage
marriage
and enjoin abstinence
from
certain
kinds
of
food;
though
God
created
these
foods
to
be
enjoyed thankfully
by
those
who
hold
the
faith
and
have
attained
a
full
knowledge
of
the
truth.
Everything
created
by
God
is
good,
and
there
in
nothing
that
need
be
rejected –
provided
only
that
it
is
received thankfully;
for
it
is
consecrated
by
God’s
blessing
and
by
prayer.
Put
all
this
before
the
followers,
and
you
will
be
a
good
servant
of
Christ
Jesus,
sustained
by
the
precepts
of
the
faith
and
of
that
good
teaching
by
which
you
have
guided
your
life.
As
for
profane legends
and
old
wives’
tales,
leave
them
alone.
Train
yourself
to
lead
a religious
life;
for
while
the training
of
the
body
is
of
service
in
some
respects, religion
is
of
service
in
all,
carrying
with
it,
as
it
does,
a
promise
of
life
both
here
and
hereafter.
How
true
that
saying
is
and
worthy
of
the fullest
acceptance!
With
that
aim
we
toil
and
struggle,
for
we
have
set
our
hopes
on
the
living
God,
who
is
the
Savior
of
all,
and
especially
of
those
who
hold
the
faith.
Remember
these
things
in
your
teaching.
Do
not
let
anyone
look
down
on
you
because
you
are
young,
but,
by
your
conversation,
your
conduct,
your
love,
your
faith,
and
your
purity,
be
an
example
to
those
who
hold
the
faith.
Until
I
come,
apply
yourself
to
public
reading,
preaching,
and
teaching.
Do
not
neglect
the
divine
gift
within
you,
which
was
given
you,
amid
many
a prediction,
when
the
hands
of
the church
elders
were
laid
on
your
head.
Practice
these
things,
devote
yourself
to
them,
so
that
your
progress
may
be
plain
to
everyone.
Look
to
yourself
as
well
as
to
your
teaching.
Persevere
in
this,
for
your
doing
so
will
mean
salvation
for
yourself
as
well
as
for
your hearers.
Do
not reprimand
an
older
man,
but
plead
with
him
as
if
he
were
your
father.
Treat
the
young
men
as
brothers,
the
older
women
as
mothers,
and
the
younger
women
as
sisters –
with
all
purity.
Show
consideration
for
widows –
I
mean
those
who
are
really
widowed.
But,
if
a
widow
has
children
or
grandchildren,
they
should
learn
to
show
proper
regard
for
the
members
of
their
own
family
first,
and
to
make
some
return
to
their
parents;
for
that
is
pleasing
in
God’s
sight.
As
for
the
woman
who
is
really
widowed
and
left
quite
alone,
her
hopes
are
fixed
on
God,
and
she devotes
herself
to
prayers
and
supplications
night
and
day.
But
the
life
of
a
widow
who
is
devoted
to
pleasure
is
a
living
death.
Those
are
the
points
you
should
teach,
so
that
there
may
be
no
call
for
your censure.
Anyone
who
fails
to
provide
for
their
own
relatives,
and
especially
for
those
under
their
own
roof,
has disowned
the
faith,
and
is
worse
than
an unbeliever.
A
widow,
when
her
name
is
added
to
the
list,
should
not
be
less
than
sixty
years
old;
she
should
have
been
a
faithful
wife,
and
be
well
spoken
of
for
her
kind
actions.
She
should
have
brought
up
children,
have
shown
hospitality
to
strangers,
have
washed
the
feet
of
her
fellow Christians,
have
relieved
those
who
were
in
distress,
and
devoted
herself
to
every
kind
of
good
action.
But
you
should
exclude
the
younger
widows
from
the
list;
for,
when
they
grow restive
under
the
yoke
of
the
Christ,
they
want
to
marry,
and
so
they
bring
condemnation
on
themselves
for
having
broken
their
previous
promise.
And
not
only
that,
but
they
learn
to
be
idle
as
they
go
about
from
house
to
house.
Nor
are
they
merely
idle,
but
they
also
become
gossips
and
busybodies,
and
talk
of
what
they
ought
not.
Therefore
I
advise
young
widows
to
marry,
bear
children,
and
attend
to
their
homes,
and
so
avoid
giving
the
enemy
an opportunity
for scandal.
There
are
some
who
have
already
left
us,
to
follow
Satan.
Any Christian
woman,
who
has
relatives
who
are
widows,
ought
to
relieve
them
and
not
allow
them
to
become
a
burden
to
the
church,
so
that
the
church
may
relieve
those
widows
who
are
really
widowed.
Those church
elders
who
fill
their
office
well
should
be
held
deserving
of especial
consideration,
particularly
those
whose
work
lies
in
preaching
and
teaching.
The
words
of
scripture
are –
‘You
should
not
muzzle
the
ox
while
it
is
treading
out
the
grain.’
and
again –
‘The
worker
is
worth
their
wages.’
Do
not
entertain
a
charge
against
an church
elder,
unless
it
is
supported
by
two
or
three
witnesses;
but
rebuke
offenders
publicly,
so
that
others
may
take
warning.
I
charge
you
solemnly,
before
God
and
Christ
Jesus
and
the
chosen
angels,
to
carry
out
these
directions, unswayed
by
prejudice,
never
acting
with
partiality.
Never
ordain
anyone
hastily,
and
take
no
part
in
the
wrongdoing
of
others.
Keep
your
life
pure.
Do
not
continue
to
drink
water
only,
but
take
a
little
wine
because
of
the
weakness
of
your
stomach,
and
your
frequent ailments.
There
are
some
people
whose
sins
are
conspicuous
and
lead
on
to
judgment,
while
there
are
others
whose
sins
dog
their
steps.
In
the
same
way
noble
deeds
become
conspicuous,
and
those
which
are
otherwise
cannot
be
concealed.
All
who
are
in
the
position
of
slaves
should
regard
their
masters
as
deserving
of
the
greatest
respect,
so
that
the
name
of
God,
and
our
teaching,
may
not
be maligned.
Those
who
have Christian
masters
should
not
think
less
of
them
because
they
are
also
followers
of Christ,
but
on
the
contrary
they
should
serve
them
all
the
better,
because
those
who
are
to
benefit
by
their
good
work
are
dear
to
them
as
their
fellow Christians.
Conclusion
Those
are
the
things
to insist
on
in
your
teaching.
Anyone
who
teaches
otherwise,
and
refuses
their
assent
to
sound
instruction –
the
instruction
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ –
and
to
the
teaching
of religion,
is puffed
up
with
conceit,
not
really
knowing
anything,
but
having
a
morbid
craving
for discussions
and
arguments.
Such
things
only
give
rise
to
envy,
quarreling, recriminations,
base
suspicions,
and incessant wrangling
on
the
part
of
these corrupt-minded
people
who
have
lost
all
hold
on
the
truth,
and
who
think
of religion
only
as
a
source
of
gain.
Of
course religion
is
a
great
source
of
gain –
when combined
with contentment!
For
we
brought
nothing
into
the
world,
because
we
cannot
even
carry
anything
out
of
it.
So,
with
food
and
shelter,
we
will
be
content.
Those
who
want
to
be
rich
fall
into
the
net
of
temptation,
and
become
the
prey
of
many
foolish
and
harmful ambitions,
which
plunge
people
into
destruction
and
ruin.
Love
of
money
is
a
source
of
all
kinds
of
evil;
and
in
their eagerness
to
be
rich
some
have
wandered
away
from
the
faith,
and
have
been
pierced
to
the
heart
by
many
a
regret.
But
you
must,
servant
of
God,
avoid
all
this.
Aim
at
righteousness,
piety,
faith,
love,
endurance,
gentleness.
Run
the
great
race
of
the
faith,
and
win
the
eternal
life.
It
was
for
this
that
you
received
the
call,
and,
in
the
presence
of
many
witnesses,
made
the
great
profession
of
faith.
I
beg
you,
as
in
the
sight
of
God,
the
source
of
all
life,
and
of
Christ
Jesus
who
before
Pontius
Pilate
made
the
great
profession
of
faith –
I
implore
you
to
keep
his
command
free
from
stain
or
reproach,
until
the
appearing
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
This
will
be
brought
about
in
his
own
time
by
the
one ever-blessed
Potentate,
the
king
of
all
kings
and
Lord
of
all
lords,
who
alone
is
possessed
of immortality
and
dwells
in unapproachable
light,
whom
no
one
has
ever
seen
or
ever
can
see –
to
whom
be
ascribed
honor
and
power
for
ever.
Amen.
Teach
those
who
are
wealthy
in
this
life
not
to
pride
themselves,
or
fix
their
hopes,
on
so uncertain
a
thing
as
wealth,
but
on
God,
who
gives
us
a
wealth
of
enjoyment
on
every
side.
Teach
them
to
show
kindness,
to
exhibit
a
wealth
of
good
actions,
to
be open-handed
and
generous,
storing
up
for
themselves
what
in
the
future
will
prove
to
be
a
good
foundation,
so
that
they
may
gain
the
only
true
life.
Timothy,
guard
what
has
been
entrusted
to
you.
Avoid
the
profane prattle
and contradictions
of
what
some miscall ‘theology,’
for
there
are
those
who,
while
asserting
their proficiency
in
it,
have
yet,
as
regards
the
faith,
gone
altogether
astray.
God
bless
you
all.
2 Timothy
Paul’s Second Letter to Timothy
2 Timothy
Paul’s Second Letter to
Timothy
Introduction
From
Paul
who,
by
the
will
of
God,
is
an apostle
of
Christ
Jesus,
charged
to
proclaim
the
life
that
comes
from
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
to
Timothy,
my
dear
child:
may
God,
the
Father,
and
Christ
Jesus,
our
Lord,
bless
you,
and
be
merciful
to
you,
and
give
you
peace.
I
am
thankful
to
God,
whom
I
serve,
as
my
ancestors
did,
with
a
clear
conscience,
when
I
remember
you,
as
I
never
fail
to
do,
in
my
prayers –
night
and
day
alike,
as
I
think
of
your
tears,
longing
to
see
you,
that
my
happiness
may
be
completed,
now
that
I
have
been reminded
of
the
sincere
faith
that
you
have
shown.
That
faith
was
seen
first
in
your
grandmother
Lois
and
your
mother
Eunice,
and
is
now,
I
am
convinced,
in
you
also.
And
that
is
my
reason
for reminding
you
to
stir
into
flame
that
gift
of
God,
which
is
yours
through
your
ordination
at
my
hands.
For
the
Spirit
which
God
gave
us
was
not
a
spirit
of cowardice,
but
a
spirit
of
power,
love,
and
self-control.
Do
not,
therefore,
be
ashamed
of
the
testimony
which
we
have
to
bear
to
our
Lord,
or
of
me
imprisoned
for
his
sake;
but
join
with
me
in
suffering
for
the
good
news,
as
far
as
God enables
you.
It
was
God
who
saved
us,
and
from
him
we
received
our
solemn
call –
not
as
a
reward
for
anything
that
we
had
done,
but
in
fulfillment
of
his
own
loving
purpose.
For
that
love
was
extended
to
us,
through
Christ
Jesus,
before
time
began,
and
has
now
been
made apparent
through
the
appearing
of
our
Savior,
Christ
Jesus;
who
has
made
an
end
of
death,
and
has
brought
life
and immortality
to
light
by
that
good
news,
of
which
I
was
myself
appointed
a
herald, apostle,
and
teacher.
That
is
why
I
am undergoing
these
sufferings;
yet
I
feel
no
shame,
for
I
know
in
whom
I
have
put
my
faith,
and
am
convinced
that
he
is
able
to
guard
what
I
have
entrusted
to
him
until
that
day.
Keep
before
you,
as
an
example
of
sound
teaching,
all
that
you learnt
from
me
as
you
listened
with
that
faith
and
love
which
come
from
union
with
Christ
Jesus.
Guard
by
the
help
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
who
is
within
us,
the
glorious
trust
that
has
been
committed
to
you.
You
know,
of
course,
that
all
our
friends
in Roman
Asia
turned
their
backs
on
me,
including
Phygellus
and
Hermogenes.
May
the
Lord
show
mercy
to
the
household
of
Onesiphorus;
for
he
often cheered
me
and
was
not
ashamed
of
my
chains.
On
the
contrary,
when
he
arrived
in
Rome,
he
sought
eagerly
for
me
until
he
found
me.
The
Lord
grant
that
he
may
find
mercy
at
the
hands
of
the
Lord
on
that
day.
The
many
services
that
he
rendered
at
Ephesus
you
have
the
best
means
of
knowing.
Injunctions to Timothy
You
must,
then,
my
child,
find
strength
in
the
help
which
comes
from
the
union
with
Christ
Jesus;
and
what
you learnt
from
me,
in
the
presence
of
many listeners,
entrust
to
reliable
people,
who
will
be
able
in
their
turn
to
teach
others.
Share hardships
with
me,
as
a
true
soldier
of
Christ
Jesus.
A
soldier
on
active
service,
to
please
his
superior
officer,
always avoids
entangling
himself
in
the
affairs
of
ordinary
life.
No athlete
is
ever awarded
the
wreath
of
victory
unless
they
have
kept
the
rules.
The
laborer
who
does
the
work
should
be
the
first
to
receive
a
share
of
the
fruits
of
the
earth.
Reflect
on
what
I
say;
the
Lord
will
always
help
you
to
understand.
Keep
before
your
mind
Jesus
Christ,
raised
from
the
dead,
a
descendant
of
David,
as
told
in
the
good
news
entrusted
to
me;
in
the
service
of
which
I
am
suffering hardships,
even
to
being
put
in
fetters
as
a
criminal.
But
the
message
of
God
is
not fettered;
and
that
is
why
I
submit
to
anything
for
the
sake
of
God’s
people:
so
that
they
also
may
obtain
the
salvation
which
comes
from
union
with
Christ
Jesus,
and imperishable
glory.
How
true
this
saying
is – ‘If
we
have
shared
his
death,
we
will
also
share
his
life.
If
we
continue
to
endure,
we
will
also
share
his
throne.
If
we
should
ever disown
him,
he,
too,
will disown
us.
If
we
lose
our
trust,
he
is
still
to
be
trusted,
for
he
cannot
be
false
to
himself!’
Remind
people
of
all
this;
tell
them
solemnly,
as
in
the
sight
of
God,
to
avoid
controversy,
a
useless
thing
and
the
ruin
of
those
who
listen
to
it.
Do
your
utmost
to
show
yourself
true
to
God,
a
worker
with
no
reason
to
be
ashamed,
accurate
in
delivering
the
message
of
the
truth.
Avoid
profane prattle.
Those
who indulge
in
it
only
get
deeper
into irreligious
ways,
and
their
teaching
will
spread
like
a cancer.
Hymenaeus
and
Philetus
are instances
of
this.
They
have
gone
completely
astray
as
regards
the
truth;
they
say
that
a resurrection
has
already
taken
place,
and
so
upset
some
people’s
faith.
Yet
God’s
firm
foundation
still
stands unmoved,
and
it
bears
this
inscription –
‘THE
LORD
KNOWS
THOSE
WHO
ARE HIS’;
and
this –
‘LET
ALL
THOSE
WHO
USE
THE
NAME
OF
THE
LORD
TURN
AWAY
FROM
WICKEDNESS.’
Now
in
a
large
house
there
are
not
only
things
of
gold
and
silver,
but
also
others
of
wood
and
earthenware,
some
for
better
and
some
for
common
use.
If,
then,
a
person
has
escaped
from
the
pollution
of
such
errors
as
I
have
mentioned,
they
will
be
like
a
thing
kept
for
better
use,
set
apart, serviceable
to
its
owner,
ready
for
any
good
purpose.
Flee
from
the
passions
of
youth,
but
pursue
righteousness,
faith,
love,
and
peace,
in
the
company
of
those
who,
with
a
pure
heart,
invoke
the
Lord.
Shun
foolish
and
ignorant discussions,
for
you
know
that
they
only
breed
quarrels;
and
a
servant
of
the
Lord
should
never
quarrel.
They
ought,
on
the
contrary,
to
be courteous
to
everyone,
skillful
teachers,
and
forbearing.
They
should
instruct
their
opponents
in
a
gentle
spirit;
for,
possibly,
God
may
give
those
opponents
a
repentance
that
will
lead
to
a fuller
knowledge
of
truth,
and
they
may
yet
come
to
a sober
mind,
and
escape
from
the devil’s
net,
when
captured
by
the
Lord’s
servant
to
do
the
will
of
God.
Be
sure
of
this,
that
in
the
last
days
difficult
times
will
come.
People
will
be
selfish, mercenary,
boastful,
haughty,
and blasphemous;
disobedient
to
their
parents, ungrateful,
impure,
incapable
of
affection,
merciless,
slanderous,
wanting
in self-control,
brutal,
careless
of
the
right,
treacherous,
reckless,
and puffed
up
with
pride;
they
will
love
pleasure
more
than
they
love
God;
and
while
they
retain
the
outward
form
of religion,
they
will
not
allow
it
to
influence
them.
Turn
your
back
on
such
people
as
these.
For
among
them
are
to
be
found
those
who
creep
into
homes
and captivate
weak
women –
women
who,
loaded
with
sins,
and
slaves
to
all
kinds
of
passions,
are
always
learning,
and
yet
never
able
to
attain
to
a
real
knowledge
of
the
truth.
Just
as
Jannes
and
Jambres
opposed
Moses,
so
do
these
people,
in
their
turn,
oppose
the
truth.
Their
minds
are
corrupted,
and,
as
regards
the
faith,
they
are
utterly
worthless.
They
will
not,
however,
make
further
progress;
for
their
wicked
folly
will
be
plain
to
everyone,
just
as
the
folly Jannes
and Jambres
was.
But
you, Timothy,
were
a
close observer
of
my
teaching,
my
conduct,
my
purposes,
my
faith,
my
forbearance,
my
love,
and
my
patient
endurance,
as
well
as
of
my
persecutions,
and
of
the
sufferings
which
I
met
with
at Antioch,
Iconium,
and
Lystra.
You
know
what
persecutions
I underwent;
and
yet
the
Lord
brought
me
safe
out
of
all!
Yes,
and
all
who
aim
at
living
a religious
life
in
union
with
Christ
Jesus
will
have
to
suffer
persecution;
but
wicked
people
and
impostors
will
go
from
bad
to
worse,
deceiving
others
and
deceived
themselves.
You,
however,
must
stand
by
what
you learnt
and
accepted
as
true.
You
know
who
they
were
from
whom
you learnt
it;
and
that,
from
your
childhood,
you
have
known
the
sacred
writings,
which
can
give
you
the
wisdom
that,
through
belief
in
Christ
Jesus,
leads
to
salvation.
All
scripture
is God-breathed:
helpful
for
teaching,
for refuting
error,
for
giving
guidance,
and
for
training
others
in
righteousness;
so
that
God’s
people
may
be
capable
and
equipped
for
good
work
of
every
kind.
I
solemnly
charge
you –
in
the
sight
of
God
and
of
Christ
Jesus,
who
will
one
day
judge
the
living
and
the
dead –
I
charge
you
by
his
appearing
and
by
his
kingdom:
Proclaim
the
message,
be
ready
in
season
and
out
of
season,
convince,
rebuke,
encourage,
never
failing
to
instruct
with
forbearance.
For
a
time
will
come
when
people
will
not
tolerate
sound
teaching.
They
will
follow
their
own
wishes,
and,
in
their
itching
for novelty,
procure
themselves
a
crowd
of
teachers.
They
will
turn
a
deaf
ear
to
the
truth,
and
give
their
attention
to legends
instead.
But
you, Timothy,
must
always
be temperate.
Face hardships;
do
the
work
of
a missionary;
discharge
all
the
duties
of
your
office.
As
for
me,
my
life
blood
is
already
being
poured
out;
the
time
of
my
departure
is
close
at
hand.
I
have
run
the
great
race;
I
have
finished
the
course;
I
have
kept
the
faith.
And
now
the
crown
of
righteousness
awaits
me,
which
the
Lord,
the
just
judge,
will
give
me
on
that
day –
and
not
only
to
me,
but
to
all
who
have
loved
his
appearing.
Conclusion
Do
your
utmost
to
come
to
me
soon,
for
Demas,
in
his
love
for
the
world,
has
deserted
me.
He
has
gone
to
Thessalonica,
Crescens
to
Galatia,
and
Titus
to
Dalmatia.
There
is
no
one
but
Luke
with
me.
Pick
up
Mark
on
your
way,
and
bring
him
with
you,
for
he
is
useful
to
me
in
my
work.
I
have
sent
Tychicus
to
Ephesus.
Bring
with
you,
when
you
come,
the
cloak
which
I
left
at
Troas
with
Carpus,
and
the
books,
especially
the
parchments.
Alexander,
the
coppersmith,
showed
much
ill feeling towards
me.
The
Lord
will
give
him
what
his
actions
deserve.
You
must
also
be
on
your
guard
against
him,
for
he
is
strongly
opposed
to
our
teaching.
At
my
first
trial
no
one
stood
by
me.
They
all
deserted
me.
May
it
never
be
counted
against
them!
But
the
Lord
came
to
my
help
and
strengthened
me,
in
order
that,
through
me,
the
proclamation
should
be
made
so widely
that
all
the
Gentiles
should
hear
it;
and
I
was
rescued
out
of
the
lion’s
mouth.
The
Lord
will
rescue
me
from
all
evil,
and
bring
me
safe
into
his
Heavenly
kingdom.
All
glory
to
him
for
ever
and
ever!
Amen.
Give
my greeting
to
Prisca
and Aquila,
and
to
the
household
of
Onesiphorus.
Erastus
remained
at
Corinth,
and
I
left Thophimus
ill
at
Miletus.
Do
your
utmost
to
come
before
winter.
Eubulus,
Pudens,
Linus
and
Claudia
send
you
their greetings,
and
so
do
the
rest
of
the
Lord’s
followers.
May
the
Lord
be
with
your
soul.
God
bless
you
all.
Titus
Paul’s Letter to Titus
Titus
Paul’s Letter to
Titus
Introduction
From
Paul,
a
servant
of
God,
and
an apostle
of
Jesus
Christ,
on
behalf
of
the
faith
of
God’s
chosen
people,
and
their
knowledge
of
that
truth
which
makes
for
godliness
–
and
is based
on
the
hope
of
eternal
life,
which
God,
who
never
lies,
promised
before
the
ages
began,
and
has
revealed
at
his
own
time
in
his
message,
with
the
preaching
of
which
I
was
entrusted
by
the
command
of
God
our
Savior.
To
Titus,
my
true
child
in
our
shared
faith:
May
God,
the
Father,
and
Christ
Jesus,
our
Savior,
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
Mission
of
Titus
in
Crete
My
reason
for
leaving
you
in
Crete
was
that
you
might
put
in
order
what
had
been
left unfinished,
and
appoint church
elders
in
the
various
towns,
as
I
myself
directed
you.
They
are
to
be
of irreproachable
character,
faithful
to
their
partners,
whose
children
are
believers
in
Christ
and
have
never
been
open
to
the
charge
of
being
wild
or
unruly.
For
a
supervisor,
as
God’s
steward,
ought
to
be
of
blameless
character –
not
arrogant
or
quick-tempered,
not
given
to drunkeness,
violence
or shady money-making.
Instead,
they
should
be
hospitable,
love
what
is
good,
self-controlled,
upright,
people
of
holy
life
and
disciplined,
holding
firmly
to
the
trustworthy
message
as
it
has
been
taught –
so
that
they
may
be
able
to
encourage
others
by
sound
teaching,
as
well
as
to
refute
those
who contradict
it.
For
there
are
many undisciplined
persons
who
lead
others
astray
with
their
nonsense,
especially
those
of
the
group advocating
the necessity
of
circumcision.
They
need
to
be
kept
quiet
as
they disrupt
whole
households
by
teaching
what
they
ought
not
to
teach,
simply
to
make
shameful financial
gain.
It
was
a Cretan –
one
of
their
own
prophets –
who
said: ‘Cretans
are
always
liars,
evil
beasts,
and
lazy
gluttons.’
This
statement
is
true.
Therefore
rebuke
them
sharply,
so
that
they
may
be
sound
in
the
faith,
and
may
pay
no
attention
to
Jewish legends,
or
to
the
directions
of
those
who
turn
their
backs
on
the
truth.
To
those
whose
minds
are
pure,
all
things
are ritually
pure,
but
to
those
whose
minds
are tainted
and unbelieving
nothing
is
pure,
as
their
minds
and
consciences
are
alike
polluted.
They
claim
to
know
God,
but
by
their
actions
they
deny
him.
They
are
detestable
and
disobedient
and
useless
for
any
good
work.
You
however,
should
speak
of
such
subjects
as
properly
have
a
place
in
sound
teaching.
Teach
that
the
older
men
should
be soberly
clear
minded,
dignified
and
self-controlled –
sound
in
faith,
love,
and
patient
endurance.
So,
too,
that
the
older
women
should
live
reverent
lives,
not
slanderers,
not
slaves
to
excessive
drinking.
They
should
teach
what
is
good,
so
as
to
train
the
younger
women
to
love
their
husbands
and
children,
and
to
be
self-controlled, pure-minded,
to
be
watching
over
their
home,
to
be
kind, respecting
the
authority
of
their
husbands,
so
that
no
one
will
speak
badly
of
God’s
message.
In
the
same
way
with
the
younger
men –
encourage
them
to
be self-controlled.
In
all
things,
set
an
example
of
doing
good.
In
your
teaching,
show
integrity
and seriousness –
let
the
instruction
that
you
give
be
sound
and
above
reproach,
so
that
those
who
oppose
you
may
be
ashamed
when
they
fail
to
find
anything
bad
to
say
about
us.
Tell
slaves
to
respect
their owner’s
authority
in
all
circumstances,
and
to
try
their
best
to
please
them.
Teach
them
not
to contradict
or
to pilfer,
but
to
show
such praiseworthy
fidelity
in
everything,
as
to
recommend
the
teaching
about
God
our
Savior
by
all
that
they
do.
For
the
loving
kindness
of
God
has
been
revealed,
bringing
salvation
for
all,
leading
us
to renounce
ungodliness
and
worldly
desires,
and
to
live self-controlled,
upright,
and
godly
lives
here
in
this
present
age,
while awaiting
our
blessed
hope –
the
appearing
in
glory
of
our
great
God
and
Savior,
Christ
Jesus.
For
he
gave
himself
on
our
behalf,
to
deliver
us
from
all
wickedness,
and
to
purify
for
himself
a
people
who
should
be
truly
his
own
and
eager
to
do
good.
Tell
them
of
all
this,
and
encourage
and
rebuke
with
all
authority.
Do
not
let
anyone belittle
you.
Remind
them
to
respect
and
obey
the
rulers
and
authorities,
to
be
ready
for
every
kind
of
good
work,
to
slander
no
one,
to
avoid
quarreling,
to
be
reasonable,
and
under
all
circumstances
to
show
a
gentle
spirit
with
all.
There
was
a
time
when
we
ourselves
were
foolish,
disobedient,
misled,
enslaved
to
all
kinds
of
desires
and
pleasures,
living
in
malice
and
envy,
hating
ourselves
and
hating
one
another.
But,
when
the
kindness
of
God
our
Savior
and
his
love
for
humanity
appeared,
he
saved
us,
not
as
the
result
of
any
righteous
actions
that
we
had
done,
but
due
to
his
mercy.
He
saved
us
though
the
washing
of rebirth
and renewal
by
the
power
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
which
he
poured
out
on
us
abundantly
through
Jesus
Christ
our
Savior –
so
that,
having
been
put
right
with
God
through
his
grace,
we
become
heirs
to
the
hope
of
eternal
life.
This
saying
is
trustworthy!
And
it
is
on
these
subjects
that
I
want
you
to
lay
special emphasis,
so
that
those
who
have
learned
to
trust
in
God
may
be
careful
to
devote
themselves
to
doing
good.
Such
subjects
are
excellent
in
themselves,
and
of
benefit
to
all.
But
have
nothing
to
do
with
foolish
controversies,
or
with
genealogies,
or
with
quarrels,
or
fights
about
the
Law.
They
are
useless
and
futile.
If
someone
is
causing
divisions
among
you
then,
after
giving
them
a
second
warning,
excuse
yourself
from
them.
You
can
be
sure
that
such
a
person
has
forsaken
the
truth
and
is
in
the
wrong.
They
stand self-condemned.
Conclusion
As
soon
as
I
send Artemas
or
Tychicus
to
you,
join
me
as
quickly
as possible
at
Nicopolis,
for
I
have
arranged
to
spend
the
winter
there.
Do
your
best
to
help
Zenas,
the
teacher
of
the
Law,
and Apollos,
on
their
way,
and
see
that
they
want
for
nothing.
Let
all
our
people
learn
to
devote
themselves
to
doing
good,
so
as
to
meet
the
most
pressing
needs,
and
that
their
lives
may
not
be
unfruitful.
All
who
are
with
me
here
send
you
their greeting.
Give
my greeting
to
our
friends
in
the
faith.
God
bless
you
all.
Philemon
Paul’s Letter to Philemon
Philemon
Paul’s Letter to
Philemon
Introduction
From
Paul,
now
a
prisoner
for
Christ
Jesus,
and
from
Timothy,
a
fellow follower
of
the
Lord.
To
our
dear
friend
and
fellow
worker Philemon,
to
our
sister Apphia,
to
our
fellow
soldier Archippus;
and
to
the
church
that
meets
at Philemon’s
house;
may
God,
our
Father,
and
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
bless
you
and
give
you
peace.
Request
regarding runaway
slave
I
always
mention
you
in
my
prayers
and
thank
God
for
you,
because
I
hear
of
the
love
and
the
faith
which
you
show,
not
only
to
the
Lord
Jesus,
but
also
to
all
his
people;
and
I
pray
that
your
participation
in
the
faith
may
result
in
action,
as
you
come
to
a fuller realization
of
everything
that
is
good
and Christlike
in
us.
I
have
indeed
found
great
joy
and
encouragement
in
your
love,
knowing,
as
I
do,
how
the
hearts
of Christ’s
people
have
been cheered,
friend,
by
you.
And
so,
though
my
union
with
Christ enables
me,
with
all
confidence,
to dictate
the
course
that
you
should adopt,
yet
the
claims
of
love
make
me
prefer
to
plead
with
you –
yes,
even
me,
Paul,
though
I
am
an
ambassador
for
Christ
Jesus
and,
now
a
prisoner
for
him
as
well.
I
plead
with
you
for
this
child
of
mine,
Onesimus,
to
whom,
in
my
prison,
I
have
become
a
father.
Once
he
was
of
little
service
to
you,
but
now
he
has
become
of
great
service,
not
only
to
you,
but
to
me
as
well;
and
I
am
sending
him
back
to
you
with
this
letter –
though
it
is
like
tearing
out
of
my
heart.
For
my
own
sake
I
should
like
to
keep
him
with
me,
so
that,
while
I
am
in
prison
for
the
good
news,
he
might
attend
to
my
wants
on
your
behalf.
But
I
do
not
wish
to
do
anything
without
your
consent,
because
I
want
your generosity
to
be
voluntary
and
not,
as
it
were, compulsory.
It
may
be
that
he
was
separated
from
you
for
an
hour,
for
this
reason,
so
that
you
might
have
him
back
for
ever,
no
longer
as
a
slave,
but
as
something
better –
a
dearly
loved
friend
and follower
of
the
Lord,
especially
dear
to
me,
and
how
much
more
so
to
you,
not
only
as
a
person,
but
as
your
fellow Christian!
If,
then,
you
count
me
your
friend,
receive
him
as
you
would
me.
If
he
has
caused
you
any
loss,
or
owes
you
anything,
charge
it
to
me.
I,
Paul,
put
my
own
hand
to
it –
I
will
repay
you
myself.
I
say
nothing
about
your owing
me
your
self.
Yes,
friend,
let
me
gain
something
from
you
because
of
your
union
with
the
Lord.
Cheer
my
heart
by
your Christlike
spirit.
Even
as
I
write,
I
have
such
confidence
in
your compliance
with
my
wishes,
that
I
am
sure
that
you
will
do
even
more
than
I
am
asking.
Please
also
get
a
lodging
ready
for
me,
for
I
hope
that
I
will
be
given
back
to
you
all
in
answer
to
your
prayers.
Messages
and
Blessing
Epaphras,
who
is
my
fellow
prisoner
for
Christ
Jesus,
sends
you
his greeting;
and
Marcus, Aristarchus,
Demas,
and
Luke,
my
fellow
workers,
send
theirs.
May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
rest
on
your
souls.
Hebrews
The Letter to the Hebrews
Hebrews
The Letter to the
Hebrews
Christ the Mediator
God,
who,
of
old,
at
many
times
and
in
many
ways,
spoke
to
our
ancestors,
by
the
prophets,
has
in
these
latter
days
spoken
to
us
by
the
Son,
whom
he
appointed
the
heir
of
all
things,
and
through
whom
he
made
the universe.
For
he
is
the
radiance
of
the
glory
of
God
and
the
expression
of
his
being,
upholding
all
creation
by
the
power
of
his
word;
and,
when
he
had
made
an
expiation
for
the
sins
of
humanity,
he
took
his
seat
at
the
right
hand
of
God’s
Majesty
on
high,
having
shown
himself
as
much
greater
than
the
angels
as
the
name
that
he
has
inherited
surpasses
theirs.
For
to
which
of
the
angels
did
God
ever
say –
‘You
are
my
Son;
this
day
I
have
become
your Father’?
or
again –
‘I
will
be
to
him
a
Father,
and
he
will
be
to
me
a Son’?
And
again,
when
God
brought
the
firstborn
into
the
world,
he
said –
‘Let
all
the
angels
of
God
bow
down
before
him.’
Speaking
of
the
angels,
he
said –
‘He
makes
the
winds
his
angels
and
the
flames
of
fire
his
servants’;
while
of
the
Son
he
said –
‘God
is
your
throne
for
ever
and
ever;
the
scepter
of
his
kingdom
is
the
scepter
of
Justice;
You
love
righteousness
and
hates
iniquity;
therefore
God,
your
God,
has
anointed
you
with
the
festal
oil
more
abundantly
than
your peers.’
Again –
‘You,
Lord,
in
the
beginning
did
lay
the
foundation
of
the
earth,
and
the
heavens
are
the
work
of
your
hands.
They
will
perish,
but
you
remain;
as
a
garment
they
will
all
grow
old;
As
a
mantle
you
will
fold
them
up,
and
as
a
garment
they
will
be
changed,
but
you
are
the
same,
and
your
years
will
know
no
end.’
To
which
of
the
angels
has
God
ever
said –
‘Sit
you
at
my
right
hand
until
I
put
your
enemies
as
a
stool
for
your feet’?
Are
not
all
the
angels
spirits
in
the
service
of
God,
sent
out
to
minister
for
the
sake
of
those
who
are
destined
to
obtain
salvation?
Therefore
we
must
give
still
more
heed
to
what
we
were
taught,
so
we
do
not
drift
away.
For,
if
the
message
which
was
delivered
by
angels
had
its
authority
confirmed,
so
that
every
offense
against
it,
or
neglect
of
it,
met
with
a
fitting requital,
how
can
we,
of
all
people,
expect
to
escape,
if
we
disregard
so
great
a
salvation?
It
was
the
Master
who
at
the outset
spoke
of
this
salvation,
and
its
authority
was
confirmed
for
us
by
those
who
heard
him,
while
God
himself
added
his
testimony
to
it
by
signs,
and
marvels,
and
many
different
miracles,
as
well
as
by imparting
the
Holy
Spirit
as
he
saw
fit.
God
has
not
given
to
angels
the
control
of
that
future
world
of
which
we
are
speaking!
No;
a
writer
has
declared
somewhere –
‘What
are
mere
mortals
that
you
should
remember
them?
Or
human
beings
that
you
should
care
for
them?
You
have
made
them,
for
a
while,
lower
than
angels;
with
glory
and
honor
you
have
crowned
them;
you
have
set
them
over
all
that
your
hands
have
made;
you
have
placed
all
things
beneath
their
feet.’
This ‘placing
of everything’
under
humanity
means
that
there
was
nothing
which
was
not
placed
under
them.
As
yet,
however,
we
do
not
see
everything
placed
under
humanity.
What
our
eyes
do
see
is
Jesus,
who
was
made
for
a
while
lower
than
angels,
now,
because
of
his
sufferings
and
death,
crowned
with
glory
and
honor;
so
that
his
tasting
the
bitterness
of
death
should,
in
God’s
loving
kindness,
be
on
behalf
of
all
humanity.
It
was,
indeed,
fitting
that
God,
for
whom
and
through
whom
all
things exist,
should,
when
leading
many
children
to
glory,
make
the author
of
their
salvation
perfect
through
suffering.
For
he
who purifies,
and
those
whom
he purifies,
all
spring
from
One;
and
therefore
he
is
not
ashamed
to
call
them
his
brothers
and
sisters.
He
says –
‘I
will
tell
of
your
name
to
my
brothers
and
sisters,
in
the
midst
of
the
congregation
I
will
sing
your
praise.’
And
again –
‘As
for
me,
I
will
put
my
trust
in
God.’
And
yet
again –
‘See,
here
am
I
and
the
children
whom
God
gave
me.’
Therefore,
since
human nature
is
the
common
heritage
of
the
children,
Jesus
also
shared
it,
in
order
that
by
death
he
might
render
powerless
him
whose
power
lies
in
death –
that
is,
the
devil –
and
so
might
deliver
all
those
who,
from
fear
of
death,
had
all
their
lives
been
living
in
slavery.
It
was
not,
surely,
to
the
help
of
the
angels
that
Jesus
came,
but
to
the
help
of
the
descendants
of
Abraham.
And
consequently
it
was
necessary
that
he
should
in
all
points
be
made
like
his
brothers
and
sisters,
in
order
that
he
might
prove
a
merciful
as
well
as
a
faithful
high
priest
in humanity’s
relations
with
God,
for
the
purpose
of expiating
the
sins
of
his
people.
The
fact
that
he
himself
suffered
under
temptation enables
him
to
help
those
who
are
tempted.
Therefore,
my Christian
friends,
you
who,
all
alike,
have
received
the
call
from
heaven,
fix
your
attention
on
Jesus,
the apostle
and
high
priest
of
our religion.
See
how
faithful
he
was
to
the
God
who
appointed
him,
as
Moses
was
in
the
whole
house
of
God.
He
has
been deemed
worthy
of
far
higher
honor
than
Moses,
just
as
the
founder
of
the
house
is
held
in
greater
regard
than
the
house
itself.
For
every
house
has
its
founder,
and
the
founder
of
the universe
is
God.
While
the
faithful
service
of
Moses
in
the
whole
house
of
God
was
that
of
a
servant,
whose
duty
was
to
bear
testimony
to
a
message
still
to
come,
the
faithfulness
of
Christ
was
that
of
a
son
set
over
the
house
of
God.
And
we
are
his
house –
if
only
we
retain, unshaken
to
the
end,
the
courage
and
confidence
inspired
by
our
hope.
Therefore,
as
the
Holy
Spirit
says –
‘If
today
you
hear
God’s
voice,
harden
not
your
hearts,
as
when
Israel
provoked
me
on
the
day
when
they
tried
my
patience
in
the
desert,
Where
your
ancestors
tried
my
forbearance,
and
saw
my
mighty
deeds
for
forty
years.
Therefore
I
was
sorely
vexed
with
that
generation,
and
I
said – “Their
hearts
are
always
straying;
they
have
never
learned
my
ways”;
While
in
my
wrath
I
swore –
“They
will
never
enter
upon
my
rest.”’
Be
careful,
friends,
that
there
is
never
found
in
anyone
of
you
a
wicked
and
faithless
heart,
shown
by
that
person
separating
themselves
from
the
living
God.
Rather
encourage
one
another
daily –
while
there
is
a
today –
to
prevent
anyone
among
you
from
being
hardened
by
the
deceitfulness
of
sin.
For
we
now
all
share
in
the
Christ,
if
indeed
we
retain, unshaken
to
the
end,
the
confidence
that
we
had
at
the
first.
To
use
the
words
of
scripture –
‘If
today
you
hear
God’s
voice,
harden
not
your
hearts,
as
when
Israel
provoked
me.’
Who
were
they
who
heard
God
speak
and
yet
provoked
him?
Were
not
they
all
those
who
left
Egypt
under
the
leadership
of
Moses?
And
with
whom
was
it
that
God
was
sorely
vexed
for
forty
years?
Was
not
it
with
those
who
had
sinned,
and
who
fell
dead
in
the
desert?
And
who
were
they
to
whom
God
swore
that
they
should
not
enter
upon
his
rest,
if
not
those
who
had
proved
faithless?
We
see,
then,
that
they
failed
to
enter
upon
it
because
of
their
want
of
faith.
We
must,
therefore,
be
very
careful,
though
there
is
a
promise
still
standing
that
we
will
enter
upon
God’s
rest,
that
none
of
you
even
appear
to
have
missed
it.
For
we
have
had
the
good
news
told
us
just
as
they
had.
But
the
message
which
they
heard
did
them
no
good,
since
they
did
not
share
the
faith
of
those
who
were
attentive
to
it.
Upon
that
rest
we
who
have
believed
are
now
entering.
As
God
has
said –
‘In
my
wrath
I
swore –
“They
will
never
enter
upon
my
rest;”’
Although
God’s
work
was
finished
at
the
creation
of
the
world;
for,
in
a
passage referring
to
the
seventh
day,
you
will
find
these
words –
‘God
rested
on
the
seventh
day
after
all
his
work.’
On
the
other
hand,
we
read
in
that
passage –
‘They
will
never
enter
upon
my
rest.’
Since,
then,
there
is
still
a
promise
that
some
will
enter
upon
this
rest,
and
since
those
who
were
first
told
the
good
news
did
not
enter
upon
it,
because
of
their disbelief,
again
God
fixed
a
day. ‘Today,’
he
said,
speaking
after
a
long
interval
through
the
mouth
of
David,
in
the
passage
already
quoted –
‘If
today
you
hear
God’s
voice
harden
not
your
hearts.’
Now
if
Joshua
had
given ‘rest’
to
the
people,
God
would
not
have
spoken
of
another
and
later
day.
There
is,
then,
a
Sabbath
rest
still awaiting
God’s
people.
For
the
person
who
enters
upon
God’s
rest
do
themselves
rest
after
their
work,
just
as
God
did.
Let
us,
therefore,
make
every
effort
to
enter
upon
that
rest,
so
that
none
of
us
fall
through
such disbelief
as
that
of
which
we
have
had
an
example.
God’s
message
is
a
living
and
active
power,
sharper
than
any
two-edged
sword,
piercing
its
way
until
it penetrates
soul
and
spirit –
not
the
joints
only
but
the
marrow –
and detecting
the
inmost
thoughts
and
purposes
of
the
mind.
There
is
no
created
thing
that
can
hide
itself
from
the
sight
of
God.
Everything
is
exposed
and
laid
bare
before
the
eyes
of
him
to
whom
we
have
to
give
account.
We
have,
then,
in
Jesus,
the
Son
of
God,
a
great
high
priest
who
has
passed
into
the
highest
heaven;
let
us,
therefore,
hold
fast
to
the
faith
which
we
have
professed.
Our
high
priest
is
not
one
unable
to
sympathize
with
our weaknesses,
but
one
who
has
in
every
way
been
tempted,
exactly
as
we
have
been,
but
without
sinning.
Therefore,
let
us
draw
near
boldly
to
the
throne
of
love,
to
find
pity
and
love
for
the
hour
of
need.
Every
high
priest,
taken
from
among
the
people,
is
appointed
as
their
representative
in
their
relations
with
God,
to
offer
both
gifts
and
sacrifices
in
expiation
of
sins.
And
he
is
able
to
sympathize
with
the
ignorant
and
deluded,
since
he
is
himself
subject
to
weakness,
and
is
therefore
bound
to
offer
sacrifices
for
sins,
not
only
for
the
people,
but equally
so
for
himself.
Nor
does
anyone
take
that
high
office
on
themselves,
until
they
have
been
called
to
do
so
by
God,
as
Aaron
was.
In
the
same
way,
even
the
Christ
did
not
take
the
honor
of
the
high
priesthood
on
himself,
but
he
was
appointed
by
him
who
said
to
him –
‘You
are
my
Son;
this
day
I
have
become
your Father’;
and
on
another
occasion
also –
‘You
are
a
priest
for
all
time
of
the
order
of
Melchizedek.’
Jesus,
in
the
days
of
his
earthly
life,
offered
prayers
and
supplications,
with
earnest
cries
and
with
tears,
to
him
who
was
able
to
save
him
from
death;
and
he
was
heard
because
of
his
devout
submission.
Son
though
he
was,
he
learned
obedience
from
his
sufferings;
and,
being
made
perfect,
he
became
to
all
those
who
obey
him
the
source
of
eternal
salvation,
while
God
himself
pronounced
him
a
high
priest
of
the
order
of
Melchizedek.
Now
on
this
subject
I
have
much
to
say,
but
it
is
difficult
to
explain
it
to
you,
because
you
have
shown
yourselves
so
slow
to
learn.
For
whereas,
considering
the
time
that
has
elapsed,
you
ought
to
be
teaching
others,
you
still
need
someone
to
teach
you
the alphabet
of
the
divine
revelation,
and
need
again
to
be
fed
with
milk
instead
of
with ‘solid
food.’
For
everyone
who
still
has
to
take
milk
knows
nothing
of
the
teaching
of
righteousness;
they
are
a
mere
infant.
But
solid
food
is
for Christians
of
mature
faith –
those
whose faculties
have
been
trained
by
practice
to
distinguish
right
from
wrong.
Therefore,
let
us
leave
behind
the elementary
teaching
about
the
Christ
and
press
on
to
perfection,
not
always
laying
over
again
a
foundation
of
repentance
for
a lifeless formality,
of
faith
in
God –
teaching
concerning baptisms
and
the
laying
on
of
hands,
the resurrection
of
the
dead
and
a
final
judgment.
Yes
and,
with
God’s
help,
we
will.
For
if
those
who
were
once
for
all
brought
into
the
light,
and
learned
to appreciate
the
gift
from
heaven,
and
came
to
share
in
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
learned
to appreciate
the
beauty
of
the
divine
message,
and
the
new
powers
of
the
coming
age –
if
those,
I
say,
fell
away,
it
would
be
impossible
to
bring
them
again
to
repentance;
they
would
be crucifying
the
Son
of
God
over
again
for
themselves,
and
exposing
him
to
open
contempt.
Ground
that
drinks
in
the
showers
that
from
time
to
time
fall
on
it,
and
produces
vegetation
useful
to
those
for
whom
it
is
tilled,
receives
a
blessing
from
God;
but,
if
it
bears
thorns
and
thistles,
it
is
regarded
as
worthless,
it
is
in
danger
of
being
cursed,
and
its
end
will
be
the
fire.
But
about
you,
dear
friends,
even
though
we
speak
in
this
way,
we
are
confident
of
better
things –
of
things
that
point
to
your
salvation.
For
God
is
not
unjust;
he
will
not
forget
the
work
that
you
did,
and
the
love
that
you
showed
for
his
name,
in
sending
help
to
your
fellow Christians –
as
you
are
still
doing.
But
our
great
desire
is
that
every
one
of
you
should
be equally
earnest
to
attain
to
a
full
conviction
that
our
hope
will
be
fulfilled,
and
that
you
should
keep
that
hope
to
the
end.
Then
you
will
not
show
yourselves
slow
to
learn,
but
you
will
copy
those
who,
through
faith
and
patience,
are
now
entering
upon
the
enjoyment
of
God’s
promises.
When
God
gave
his
promise
to
Abraham,
since
there
was
no
one
greater
by
whom
he
could
swear,
he
swore
by
himself.
His
words
were –
‘I
will
assuredly
bless
you
and
increase
your
numbers.’
And
so,
after
patiently
waiting,
Abraham
obtained
the
fulfillment
of
God’s
promise.
People,
of
course,
swear
by
what
is
greater
than
themselves,
and
with
them
an
oath
is
accepted
as
putting
a
matter
beyond
all
dispute.
And
therefore
God,
in
his
desire
to
show,
with unmistakable plainness,
to
those
who
were
to
enter
on
the
enjoyment
of
what
he
had
promised,
the unchangeableness
of
his
purpose,
bound
himself
with
an
oath.
For
he
intended
us
to
find
great
encouragement
in
these
two
unchangeable
things,
which
make
it
impossible
for
God
to
prove
false –
we,
I
mean,
who
fled
for
safety
where
we
might
lay
hold
on
the
hope
set
before
us.
This
hope
is
an anchor
for
our
souls,
secure
and
strong,
and
it
reaches
into
the
sanctuary
that
lies
behind
the
curtain,
where
Jesus,
our
forerunner,
has
entered
on
our
behalf,
after
being
made
for
all
time
a
high
priest
of
the
order
of
Melchizedek.
Paramount Priesthood of the Christ
It
was
this
Melchizedek,
king
of
Salem
and
priest
of
the
Most
High
God,
who
met
Abraham
returning
from
the
slaughter
of
the
kings,
and
gave
him
his
blessing;
and
it
was
to
him
that
Abraham
allotted
a
tithe
of
all
the
spoil.
The
meaning
of
his
name
is ‘king
of
righteousness,’
and
besides
that,
he
was
also
king
of
Salem,
which
means ‘king
of
peace.’
There
is
no
record
of
his
father,
or
mother,
or lineage,
nor
again
of
any
beginning
of
his
days,
or
end
of
his
life.
In
this
he resembles
the
Son
of
God,
and
stands
before
us
as
a
priest
whose
priesthood
is continuous.
Consider,
then
the importance
of
this
Melchizedek,
to
whom
even
the
patriarch
Abraham
himself
gave
a
tithe
of
the
choicest
spoils.
Those
descendants
of
Levi,
who
are
from
time
to
time
appointed
to
the
priesthood,
are
directed
to
collect
tithes
from
the
people
in
accordance
with
the
Law –
that
is
from
their
own
kindred,
although
they
also
are
descended
from
Abraham.
But
Melchizedek,
although
not
of
this lineage,
received
tithes
from
Abraham,
and
gave
his
blessing
to
the
man
who
had
God’s
promises.
Now
no
one
can
dispute
that
it
is
the
superior
who
blesses
the
inferior.
In
the
one
case
the
tithes
are
received
by
people
who
are
mortal;
in
the
other
case
by
one
about
whom
there
is
the
statement
that
his
life
still
continues.
Moreover,
in
a
sense,
even
Levi,
who
is
the
receiver
of
the
tithes,
has,
through
Abraham,
paid
tithes;
for
Levi
was
still
in
the
body
of
his
ancestor
when
Melchizedek
met
Abraham.
If,
then,
perfection
had
been attainable
through
the
Levitical
priesthood –
and
it
was
under
this
priesthood
that
the
people
received
the
Law –
why
was
it
still
necessary
that
a
priest
of
a
different
order
should
appear,
a
priest
of
the
order
of
Melchizedek
and
not
of
the
order
of
Aaron?
With
the
change
of
the
priesthood
a
change
of
the
Law
became
a necessity.
And
he
of
whom
all
this
is
said
belonged
to
quite
a
different
tribe,
no
member
of
which
has
ever
served
at
the
altar.
For
it
is
plain
that
our
Lord
had
sprung
from
the
tribe
of
Judah,
though
of
that
tribe
Moses
said
nothing
about
their
being
priests.
All
this
becomes
even
yet plainer
when
we
remember
that
a
new
priest
has
appeared,
resembling
Melchizedek,
and
that
he
was
appointed,
not
under
a
Law regulating
only earthly
matters,
but
by
virtue
of
a
life
beyond
the
reach
of
death;
for
that
is
the
meaning
of
the
declaration –
‘You
are
for
all
time
a
priest
of
the
order
of
Melchizedek.’
On
the
one
hand,
we
have
the abolition
of
a
previous
regulation
as
being
both inefficient
and
useless
(for
the
Law
never
brought
anything
to
perfection);
and,
on
the
other
hand,
we
have
the introduction
of
a
better
hope,
which enables
us
to
draw
near
to
God.
Then
again,
the
appointment
of
this
new
priest
was ratified
by
an
oath,
which
is
not
so
with
the
Levitical
priests,
but
his
appointment
was ratified
by
an
oath,
when
God
said
to
him –
‘The
Lord
has
sworn,
and
will
not
change, “You
are
a
priest
for
all
time.”’
And
the
oath
shows
the
corresponding superiority
of
the
covenant
of
which
Jesus
is
appointed
the
surety.
Again,
new
Levitical
priests
are
continually
being
appointed,
because
death
prevents
their
remaining
in
office;
but Jesus
remains
for
all
time,
and
therefore
the
priesthood
that
he
holds
will
never
pass
to
another.
And
that
is
why
he
is
able
to
save
perfectly
those
who
come
to
God
through
him,
living
for
ever,
as
he
does,
to
intercede
of
their
behalf.
This
was
the
high
priest
that
we
needed –
holy,
innocent, spotless,
withdrawn
from
sinners,
exalted
above
the
highest
heaven,
one
who
has
no
need
to
offer
sacrifices
daily
as
those
high
priests
have,
first
for
their
own
sins,
and
then
for
those
of
the
people.
For
this
he
did
once
and
for
all,
when
he
offered
himself
as
the
sacrifice.
The
Law
appoints
as
high
priests
men
who
are
weak,
but
the
words
of
God’s
oath,
which
was
later
than
the
Law,
name
the
Son
as,
for
all
time,
the
perfect
priest.
To
sum
up
what
I
have
been
saying:
Such
is
the
high
priest
that
we
have,
one
who
has
taken
his
seat
at
the
right
hand
of
the
throne
of
God’s
Majesty
in
heaven,
where
he
serves
in
the
sanctuary,
in
that
true
tent
set
up
by
the
Lord
and
not
by
man.
Every
high
priest
is
appointed
for
the
purpose
of
offering
gifts
and
sacrifices
to
God;
it
follows,
therefore,
that
this
high
priest
must
have
some
offering
to
make.
If
he
were,
however,
still
on
earth,
he
would
not
even
be
a
priest,
since
there
are
already
priests
who
offer
the
gifts
as
the
Law
directs.
(These
priests,
it
is
true,
are
engaged
in
a
service
which
is
only
a
copy
and
shadow
of
the
heavenly realities,
as
is
shown
by
the
directions
given
to
Moses
when
he
was
about
to
construct
the
tent. ‘Look
to
it,’
are
the
words, ‘that
you
make
every
part
in
accordance
with
the
pattern
shown
you
on
the
mountain.’)
But
Jesus,
as
we
see,
has
obtained
a
ministry
as
far excelling
theirs,
as
the
covenant
of
which
he
is
the
intermediary, based,
as
it
is,
on
better
promises,
excels
the
former
covenant.
If
that
first
covenant
had
been faultless,
there
would
have
been
no
occasion
for
a
second.
But,
finding
fault
with
the
people,
God
says –
‘“A
time
is
coming,”
says
the
Lord,
“When
I
will ratify
a
new
covenant
with
the
people
of
Israel
and
with
the
people
of
Judah –
Not
such
a
covenant
as
I
made
with
their
ancestors
on
the
day
when
I
took
them
by
the
hand
to
lead
them
out
of
the
land
of
Egypt.
For
they
did
not
abide
by
their
covenant
with
me,
and
therefore
I
disregarded
them,”
says
the
Lord.
“This
is
the
covenant
that
I
will
make
with
the
people
of
Israel
after
those
days,”
says
the
Lord.
“I
will
impress
my
laws
on
their
minds,
and
will
inscribe
them
on
their
hearts;
and
I
will
be
their
God,
and
they
will
be
my
people.
There
will
be
no
need
for
anyone
to
instruct
their
fellow
citizen,
or
for
a
person
to
say
to
their
relatives ‘Learn
to
know
the Lord’;
for
everyone
will
know
me,
from
the
lowest
to
the
highest.
For
I
will
be
merciful
to
their wrongdoings,
and
I
will
no
longer
remember
their
sins.”’
By
speaking
of
a
new
covenant,
God
at
once renders
the
former
covenant
obsolete;
and
whatever
becomes
obsolete
and
loses
its
force
is
virtually
annulled.
The New Revelation and the Old
It
is
true
that
even
the
first
covenant
had
its
regulations
for
divine
worship,
and
its
sanctuary –
though
only
a
material
one.
For
a
tent
was
constructed,
with
an
outer
part
which
contained
the
stand
for
the
lamps,
and
the
table,
and
the
consecrated
bread.
This
is
called
the
sanctuary.
The
part
of
the
tent
behind
the
second
curtain
is
called
the
inner
sanctuary.
In
it
is
the
gold incense-altar,
and
the
ark
containing
the
covenant,
completely
covered
with
gold.
In
the
ark
is
a
gold casket
containing
the
manna,
Aaron’s
rod
that
budded,
and
the
tablets
on
which
the
covenant
was
written;
while
above
it,
and
overshadowing
the
cover
on
which
atonement
was
made,
are
the
cherubim
of
the
presence.
Now
is
not
the
time
to
discuss
these
things
in
detail.
Such,
then,
was
the
arrangement
of
the
tent.
Into
the
outer
part
priests
are
constantly
going,
in
the
discharge
of
their
sacred
duties;
but
into
the
inner
only
the
high
priest
goes,
and
that
but
once
a
year,
and
never
without
taking
the
blood
of
a
victim,
which
he
offers
on
his
own
behalf,
and
on
behalf
of
the
errors
of
the
people.
By
this
the
Holy
Spirit
is
teaching
that
the
way
into
the
sanctuary
was
hidden,
as
long
as
the
outer
part
of
the
tent
still
remained.
For
that
was
only
a
type,
to
continue
down
to
the
present
time;
and,
in
keeping
with
it,
both
gifts
and
sacrifices
are
offered,
though
incapable
of
satisfying
the
conscience
of
the
worshiper;
the
whole system
being
concerned
only
with
food
and
drink
and
various ablutions – external ceremonials
imposed
until
the
coming
of
the
new
order.
But,
when
Christ
came,
he
appeared
as
high
priest
of
that
better system
which
was
established;
and
he
entered
through
that nobler
and
more
perfect
tent,
not
made
by
human
hands –
that
is
to
say,
not
a
part
of
this
present
creation.
Nor
was
it
with
the
blood
of
goats
and
calves,
but
with
his
own
blood,
that
he
entered,
once
and
for
all,
into
the
sanctuary,
and
obtained
our
eternal
deliverance.
For,
if
the
blood
of
goats
and
bulls,
and
the
sprinkling
of
the
ashes
of
a
heifer,
purify
those
who
have
been
defiled (as
far
as
ceremonial
purification
goes),
how
much
more
will
the
blood
of
the
Christ,
who,
through
his
eternal
Spirit,
offered
himself
up
to
God,
as
a
victim
without
blemish,
purify
our
consciences
from
a lifeless formality,
and
fit
us
for
the
service
of
the
living
God!
And
that
is
why
he
is
the
intermediary
of
a
new
covenant;
in
order
that,
as
a
death
has
taken
place
to
effect
a
deliverance
from
the
offenses
committed
under
the
first
covenant,
those
who
have
received
the
call
may
obtain
the
eternal
inheritance
promised
to
them.
Whenever
such
a
covenant
as
a
will
is
in
question,
the
death
of
the
testator
must
of necessity
be alleged.
For
such
a
covenant
takes
effect
only
on
death,
it
does
not
come
into
force
as
long
as
the
testator
is
alive.
This
explains
why
even
the
first
covenant
was
not ratified
without
the
shedding
of
blood.
For,
when
every
command
had
been
announced
to
all
the
people
by
Moses
in
accordance
with
the
Law,
he
took
the
blood
of
the
calves
and
of
the
goats,
with
water,
scarlet
wool,
and
a
bunch
of
hyssop,
and
sprinkled
even
the
book
of
the
Law,
as
well
as
all
the
people,
saying,
as
he
did
so – “This
is
the
blood
that renders
valid
the
covenant
which
God
has
commanded
to
be
made
with
you.”
And
in
the
same
way
he
also
sprinkled
with
the
blood
the
tent
and
all
the
things
that
were
used
in
public
worship.
Indeed,
under
the
Law,
almost
everything
is
purified
with
blood;
and,
unless
blood
is
shed,
no
forgiveness
is
to
be
obtained.
While,
then,
it
was
necessary
for
the
copies
of
the
heavenly realities
to
be
purified
by
such
means
as
these,
the
heavenly realities
themselves
required
better
sacrifices.
For
it
was
not
into
a
sanctuary
made
by
human
hands,
which
merely foreshadowed
the
true
one,
that
Christ
entered,
but
into
heaven
itself,
so
that
he
might
now
appear
in
the
presence
of
God
on
our
behalf.
Nor
yet
was
it
to
offer
himself
may
times,
as
year
after
year
the
high
priest
entered
the
sanctuary
with
an
offering
of
blood –
but
not
his
own
blood;
for
then Christ
would
have
had
to
undergo
death
many
times
since
the
creation
of
the
world.
But
now,
once
and
for
all,
at
the
close
of
the
age,
he
has
appeared,
in
order
to
abolish
sin
by
the
sacrifice
of
himself.
And,
as
it
is
ordained
for
people
to
die
but
once (death
being
followed
by
judgment),
so
it
is
with
the
Christ.
He
was
offered
up
once
and
for
all,
to
bear
away
the
sins
of
many;
and
the
second
time
he
will
appear –
but
without
any
burden
of
sin –
to
those
who
are
waiting
for
him,
to
bring
salvation.
The
Law,
though
able
to foreshadow
the
better system
which
was
coming,
never
had
its actual
substance.
Its
priests,
with
those
sacrifices
which
they
offer
continuously
year
after
year,
can
never
make
those
who
come
to
worship
perfect.
Otherwise,
would
not
the
offering
of
these
sacrifices
have
been
abandoned,
as
the
worshipers,
having
been
once
purified,
would
have
had
their
consciences
clear
from
sins?
But,
on
the
contrary,
these
sacrifices
recall
their
sins
to
mind
year
after
year.
For
the
blood
of
bulls
and
goats
is
powerless
to
remove
sins.
That
is
why,
when
he
was
coming
into
the
world,
the Christ
declared –
‘Sacrifice
and
offering
you
do
not
desire,
but
you
provide
for
me
a
body;
You
take
no
pleasure
in
burnt
offerings
and
sacrifices
for
sin.
So
I
said, “See,
I
have
come” (as
is
written
of
me
in
the pages
of
the
book),
“To
do
your
will,
God.”’
First
come
the
words – ‘You
do
not
desire,
nor
do
you
take
pleasure
in,
sacrifices,
offerings,
burnt
offerings,
and
sacrifices
for sin’ (offerings
regularly
made
under
the
Law),
and
then
there
is
added – ‘See,
I
have
come
to
do
your
will.’
The
former
sacrifices
are
set
aside
to
be
replaced
by
the
latter.
And
it
is
in
the
fulfillment
of
the
will
of
God
that
we
have
been
purified
by
the
sacrifice,
once
and
for
all,
of
the
body
of
Jesus
Christ.
Every
other
priest
stands
day
after
day
at
his ministrations,
and
offers
the
same
sacrifices
over
and
over
again –
sacrifices
that
can
never
take
sins
away.
But,
this
priest,
after
he
had
offered
one
sacrifice
for
sins,
which
should
serve
for
all
time, ‘took
his
seat
at
the
right
hand
of
God,’
and
has
since
then
been
waiting ‘for
his
enemies
to
be
put
as
a
stool
for
his
feet.’
By
a
single
offering
he
has
made
perfect
for
all
time
those
who
are
being
purified.
We
have
also
the
testimony
of
the
Holy
Spirit.
For,
after
saying –
‘“This
is
the
covenant
that
I
will
make
with
them
after
those
days,”
says
the
Lord;
“I
will
impress
my
laws
on
their
hearts,
and
will
inscribe
them
on
their
minds,”’
then
we
have –
‘And
their
sins
and
their
iniquities
I
will
no
longer
remember.’
And,
when
these
are
forgiven,
there
is
no
further
need
of
an
offering
for
sin.
Encouragement
and
Warning
Therefore,
friends,
since
we
may
enter
the
sanctuary
with
confidence,
in virtue
of
the
blood
of
Jesus,
by
the
way
which
he
inaugurated
for
us –
a
new
and
living
way,
a
way
through
the
sanctuary
curtain (that
is,
his
human nature);
and,
since
we
have
in
him ‘a
great
priest
set
over
the
house
of
God,’
let
us
draw
near
to
God
in
all
sincerity
of
heart
and
in
perfect
faith,
with
our
hearts
purified
by
the
sprinkled
blood
from
all
consciousness
of
wrong,
and
with
our
bodies
washed
with
pure
water.
Let
us
maintain
the
confession
of
our
hope unshaken,
for
he
who
has
given
us
his
promise
will
not
fail
us.
Let
us vie
with
one
another
in
a
rivalry
of
love
and
noble
actions.
And
let
us
not,
as
some
do,
cease
to
meet
together;
but,
on
the
contrary,
let
us
encourage
one
another,
and
all
the
more,
now
that
you
see
the
day
drawing
near.
Remember,
if
we
sin
willfully
after
we
have
gained
a
full
knowledge
of
the
truth,
there
can
be
no
further
sacrifice
for
sin;
there
is
only
a
fearful anticipation
of
judgment,
and
a
burning
indignation
which
will
destroy
all
opponents.
When
someone
disregarded
the
Law
of
Moses,
they
were,
on
the
evidence
of
two
or
three
witnesses,
put
to
death
without
pity.
How
much
worse
then,
think
you,
will
be
the
punishment
deserved
by
those
who
have
trampled
underfoot
the
Son
of
God,
who
have
treated
the
blood
that
rendered
the
covenant
valid –
the
blood
by
which
they
were
purified –
as
if
it
were
not
holy,
and
who
have outraged
the
Spirit
of
love?
We
know
who
it
was
that
said –
‘It
is
for
me
to
avenge,
I
will requite’;
and
again –
‘The
Lord
will
judge
his
people.’
It
is
a
fearful
thing
to
fall
into
the
hands
of
the
living
God.
Call
to
mind
those
early
days
in
which,
after
you
had
received
the
light,
you
patiently underwent
a
long
and
painful
conflict.
Sometimes,
in consequence
of
the
taunts
and injuries heaped
on
you,
you
became
a
public
spectacle;
and
sometimes
you
suffered
through
having
shown
yourselves
to
be
the
friends
of
people
who
were
in
the
same
position
in
which
you
had
been.
For
you
not
only sympathised
with
those
who
were
in
prison,
but
you
even
took
the
confiscation
of
your
possessions
joyfully,
knowing,
as
you
did,
that
you
had
in
yourselves
a
greater
possession
and
a
lasting
one.
Do
not,
therefore,
abandon
the
confidence
that
you
have
gained,
for
it
has
a
great
reward awaiting
it.
You
still
have
need
of
patient
endurance,
in
order
that,
when
you
have
done
God’s
will,
you
may
obtain
the
fulfillment
of
his
promise.
‘For
there
is
indeed
but
a
very
little
while
before
he
who
is
coming
will
have
come,
without
delay;
and
through
faith
the
righteous
will
find
life,
but,
if
anyone
draws
back,
my
heart
can
find
no
pleasure
in
them.’
But
we
do
not
belong
to
those
who
draw
back,
to
their
ruin,
but
to
those
who
have
faith,
to
the
saving
of
their
souls.
Heroes of Faith
Faith
is
the realization
of
things
hoped
for –
the
proof
of
things
not
seen.
And
it
was
for
faith
that
the
people
of
old
were
renowned.
Faith enables
us
to
perceive
that
the universe
was
created
at
the
bidding
of
God –
so
that
we
know
that
what
we
see
was
not
made
out
of
visible
things.
Faith
made
the
sacrifice
which
Abel
offered
to
God
a
better
sacrifice
than
Cain’s,
and
won
him
renown
as
a
righteous
man,
God
himself
establishing
his
renown
by accepting
his
gifts;
and
it
is
by
the
example
of
his
faith
that
Abel,
though
dead,
still
speaks.
Faith
led
to Enoch’s removal
from
earth,
so
that
he
might
not
experience
death. ‘He
could
not
be
found
because
God
had
removed
him.’
For,
before
his removal,
he
was
renowned
as
having
pleased
God;
but
without
faith
it
is
impossible
to
please
him,
for
he
who
comes
to
God
must
believe
that
God
exists,
and
that
he
rewards
those
who
seek
for
him.
It
was
faith
that
enabled
Noah,
after
he
had
received
the
divine
warning
about
what
could
not
then
be foreseen,
to
build,
in reverent
obedience,
an
ark
in
which
to
save
his
family.
By
his
faith
he
condemned
the
world,
and
became
possessed
of
that
righteousness
which
follows
on
faith.
It
was
faith
that
enabled
Abraham
to
obey
the
call
that
he
received,
and
to
set
out
for
the
place
which
he
was
afterward
to
obtain
as
his
own;
and
he
set
out
not
knowing
where
he
was
going.
It
was
faith
that
made
him
go
to
live
as
an emigrant
in
the
promised
land –
as
in
a
strange
country –
living
there
in
tents
with
Isaac
and
Jacob,
who
shared
the
promise
with
him.
For
he
was
looking
for
the
city
with
the
sure
foundations,
whose
architect
and
builder
is
God.
Again,
it
was
faith
that
enabled
Sarah
to
conceive (though
she
was
past
the
age
for
childbearing),
because
she
felt
sure
that
he
who
had
given
her
the
promise
would
not
fail
her.
And
so
from
one
man –
and
that
when
his powers
were
dead –
there
sprang
a
people
as
numerous ‘as
the
stars
in
the
heavens
or
the
countless
grains
of
sand
on
the
shore.’
All
these
died
sustained
by
faith.
They
did
not
obtain
the
promised
blessings,
but
they
saw
them
from
a
distance
and
welcomed
the
sight,
and
they
acknowledged
themselves
to
be
only
foreigners
and
strangers
on
the
earth.
Those
who
speak
like
this
show
plainly
that
they
are
seeking
their homeland.
If
they
had
been
thinking
of
the
land
that
they
had
left,
they
could
have
found opportunities
to
return.
But
no,
they
were
longing
for
a
better,
a
heavenly,
land!
And
therefore
God
was
not
ashamed
to
be
called
their
God;
indeed
he
had
already
prepared
them
a
city.
It
was
faith
that
enabled
Abraham,
when
put
to
the
test,
to
offer
Isaac
as
a
sacrifice –
he
who
had
received
the
promises
offering
up
his
only
son,
of
whom
it
had
been
said –
‘It
is
through
Isaac
that
there
will
be
descendants
to
bear
your
name.’
For
he argued
that
God
was
even
able
to
raise
a
man
from
the
dead –
and
indeed, figuratively
speaking,
Abraham
did
receive
Isaac
back
from
the
dead.
It
was
faith
that
enabled
Isaac
to
bless
Jacob
and
Esau,
even
with
regard
to
the
future.
Faith
enabled
Jacob,
when
dying,
to
give
his
blessing
to
each
of
the
sons
of
Joseph,
and ‘to
bow
himself
in
worship
as
he leant
on
the
top
of
his
staff.’
Faith
caused
Joseph,
when
his
end
was
near,
to
speak
of
the
future
migration
of
the
Israelites,
and
to
give
instructions
with
regard
to
his
bones.
Faith
caused
the
parents
of
Moses
to
hide
the
child
for
three
months
after
his
birth,
for
they
saw
that
he
was
a
beautiful
child;
and
they
would
not
respect
the
king’s
order.
It
was
faith
that
caused
Moses,
when
he
was
grown
up,
to
refuse
the
title
of ‘son
of
a
daughter
of
Pharaoh.’
He
preferred
sharing
the hardships
of
God’s
people
to enjoying
the
short-lived
pleasures
of
sin.
For
he
counted ‘the
reproaches
that
are heaped
on
the Christ’
of
greater
value
than
the
treasures
of
Egypt,
looking
forward,
as
he
did,
to
the
reward awaiting
him.
Faith
caused
him
to
leave
Egypt,
though undaunted
by
the
king’s
anger,
for
he
was
strengthened
in
his endurance
by
the
vision
of
the invisible
God.
Faith
led
him
to institute
the
Passover
and
the
sprinkling
of
the
blood,
so
that
the
Destroyer
might
not
touch
the
eldest
children
of
the
Israelites.
Faith
enabled
the
people
to
cross
the
Red
Sea,
as
if
it
had
been
dry
land,
while
the
Egyptians,
when
they
attempted
to
do
so,
were
drowned.
Faith
caused
the
walls
of
Jericho
to
fall
after
being
encircled
for
seven
days.
Faith
saved
Rahab,
the
prostitute,
from
perishing
with
the unbelievers,
after
she
had
entertained
the
spies
with friendliness.
Need
I
add
anything
more?
Time
would
fail
me
if
I
attempted
to
relate
the
stories
of
Gideon,
Barak,
Samson,
and
Jephthah,
and
those
of
David,
Samuel,
and
the
prophets.
By
their
faith
they
subdued
kingdoms,
ruled
righteously,
gained
the
fulfillment
of
God’s
promises,
shut
the
mouths
of
lions,
quelled
the
fury
of
the
flames,
escaped
the
edge
of
the
sword,
found
strength
in
the
hour
of
weakness,
displayed
their prowess
in
war,
and
routed
hostile
armies.
Women
received
back
their
dead
raised
to
life.
Some
were
tortured
on
the
wheel,
and
refused
release
in
order
that
they
might
rise
to
a
better
life.
Others
had
to
face
taunts
and
blows,
and
even
chains
and
imprisonment.
They
were
stoned
to
death,
they
were tortured,
they
were
swan
asunder,
they
were
put
to
the
sword;
they
wandered
about
clothed
in
the
skins
of
sheep
or
goats,
destitute,
persecuted, ill-used –
people
of
whom
the
world
was
not
worthy –
roaming
in
lonely
places,
and
on
the
mountains,
and
in
caves
and
holes
in
the
ground.
Yet,
though
they
all
won
renown
by
their
faith,
they
did
not
obtain
the
final
fulfillment
of
God’s
promise;
since
God
had
in
view
some
better
thing
for
us,
so
that
they
would
only
reach
perfection
together
with
us.
Seeing,
therefore,
that
there
is
on
every
side
of
us
such
a
throng
of
witnesses,
let
us
also
lay
aside
everything
that hinders
us,
and
the
sin
that
clings
about
us,
and
run
with
patient
endurance
the
race
that
lies
before
us,
our
eyes
fixed
on
Jesus,
the
leader
and
perfect
example
of
our
faith,
who,
for
the
joy
that
lay
before
him,
endured
the
cross, heedless
of
its
shame,
and
now ‘has
taken
his
seat
at
the
right hand’
of
the
throne
of
God.
Weigh
well
the
example
of
him
who
had
to
endure
such
opposition
from ‘people
who
were
sinning
against
themselves,’
so
that
you
should
not
grow
weary
or faint-hearted.
You
have
not
yet,
in
your
struggle
with
sin, resisted
to
the
death;
and
you
have
forgotten
the encouraging
words
which
are
addressed
to
you
as
God’s
children –
‘My
child,
think
not
lightly
of
the
Lord’s
discipline,
do
not despond
when
he
rebukes
you;
For
it
is
him
whom
he
loves
that
he
disciplines,
and
he
chastises
every
child
whom
he
acknowledges.’
It
is
for
your
discipline
that
you
have
to
endure
all
this.
God
is dealing
with
you
as
his
children.
For
where
is
there
a
child
whom
his
father
does
not
discipline?
If
you
are
left
without
that
discipline,
in
which
all
children
share,
it
shows
that
you
are
bastards,
and
not
true
children.
Further,
when
our
earthly
fathers
disciplined
us,
we
respected
them.
Should
we
not,
then,
much
rather
yield
submission
to
the
Father
of
souls,
and
live?
Our
fathers
disciplined
us
for
only
a
short
time
and
as
seemed
best
to
them;
but
God
disciplines
us
for
our
true
good,
to
enable
us
to
share
his
holiness.
No
discipline
is
pleasant
at
the
time;
on
the
contrary,
it
is
painful.
But
afterward
its
fruit
is
seen
in
the peacefulness
of
a
righteous
life
which
is
the
lot
of
those
who
have
been
trained
under
it.
Therefore ‘lift
again
the down-dropped
hands
and
straighten
the
weakened
knees;
make
straight
paths
for
your
feet,’
so
that
the
lame
limb
may
not
be
put
out
of
joint,
but
rather
be
cured.
Conclusion
Try
earnestly
to
live
at
peace
with
everyone,
and
to
attain
to
that
purity
without
which
no
one
will
see
the
Lord.
Take
care
that
no
one
fails
to
use
the
loving
help
of
God, ‘that
no
bitterness
is
allowed
to
take
root
and
spring
up,
and
cause
trouble,’
and
so
poison
the
whole
community.
Take
care
that
no
one
becomes
immoral,
or irreligious
like
Esau,
who
sold
his
birthright
for
a
single
meal.
For
you
know
that
even
afterward,
when
he
wished
to
claim
his
father’s
blessing,
he
was
rejected –
for
he
never
found
an
opportunity
to
repair
his
error –
though
he
begged
for
the
blessing
with
tears.
It
is
not
to tangible ‘flaming fire’
that
you
have
drawn
near,
nor
to ‘gloom,
and
darkness,
and
storm,
and
the
blast
of
a
trumpet,
and
an audible
voice.’
Those
who
heard
that
voice
entreated
that
they
might
hear
no
more,
for
they
could
not
bear
to
think
of
the
command – ‘If
even
an
animal
touches
the
mountain,
it
is
to
be
stoned
to
death;’
and
so
fearful
was
the
sight
that
Moses
said – ‘I
tremble
with
fear.’
No,
but
it
is
to
Mount
Zion
that
you
have
drawn
near,
the
city
of
the
living
God,
the
heavenly
Jerusalem,
to
countless
hosts
of
angels,
to
the
festal
gathering
and assemblage
of
God’s
firstborn
whose
names
are
enrolled
in
heaven,
to
God
the
judge
of
all
people,
to
the
spirits
of
the
righteous
who
have
attained
perfection,
to
Jesus,
the
intermediary
of
a
new
covenant,
and
to
the
sprinkled
blood
that
tells
of
better
things
than
the
blood
of
Abel.
Beware
how
you
refuse
to
hear
him
who
is
speaking.
For,
if
the
Israelites
did
not
escape
punishment,
when
they
refused
to
listen
to
him
who
taught
them
on
earth
the
divine
will,
far
worse
will
it
be
for
us,
if
we
turn
away
from
him
who
is
teaching
us
from
heaven.
Then
his
voice
shook
the
earth,
but
now
his
declaration
is –
‘Still
once
more
I
will
cause
not
only
the
earth
to
tremble,
but
also
the
heavens.’
And
those
words ‘still
once more’ indicate
the
passing
away
of
all
that
is
shaken –
that
is,
of
all
created
things –
in
order
that
only
what
is unshaken
may
remain.
Therefore,
let
us,
who
have
received
a
kingdom
that
cannot
be
shaken,
be
thankful,
and
so
offer
acceptable
worship
to
God,
with
awe
and
the deepest
respect.
For
our
God
is ‘a
consuming
fire.’
Let
your
love
for
the
Lord’s
followers
continue.
Do
not
neglect
to
show
hospitality;
for,
through
being hospitable,
people
have
all
unawares
entertained
angels.
Remember
the
prisoners,
as
if
you
were
their
fellow
prisoners,
and
the
oppressed,
not
forgetting
that
you
also
are
still
in
the
body.
Let
marriage
be
honored
by
all
and
the
married
life
be
pure;
for
God
will
judge
those
who
are
immoral
and
those
who
commit
adultery.
Do
not
let
your
conduct
be
ruled
by
the
love
of
money.
Be
content
with
what
you
have,
for
God
himself
has
said –
‘I
will
never
forsake
you,
nor
will
I
ever
abandon
you.’
Therefore
we
may
say
with
confidence –
‘The
Lord
is
my
helper,
I
will
not
be
afraid.
What
can
mere
people
do
to
me?’
Do
not
forget
your
leaders,
who
told
you
God’s
message.
Recall
the
close
of
their
lives,
and
imitate
their
faith.
Jesus
Christ
is
the
same
yesterday
and
today –
yes,
and
for
ever!
Do
not
let
yourselves
be
carried
away
by
the
various novel
forms
of
teaching.
It
is
better
to
rely
for
spiritual
strength
on
the
divine
help,
than
on
regulations
regarding
food;
for
those
whose
lives
are
guided
by
such
regulations
have
not
found
them
of
service.
We
are
not
without
an
altar;
but
it
is
one
at
which
those
who
still
worship
in
the
tent
have
no
right
to
eat.
The
bodies
of
those
animals
whose
blood
is
brought
by
the
high
priest
into
the
sanctuary,
as
an
offering
for
sin,
are
burnt
outside
the
camp.
And
so
Jesus,
also,
to
purify
the
people
by
his
own
blood,
suffered
outside
the
gate.
Therefore
let
us
go
out
to
him ‘outside
the
camp,’
bearing
the
same
reproaches
as
he;
for
here
we
have
no
permanent
city,
but
are
looking
for
the
city
that
is
to
be.
Through
him
let
us
offer,
as
our
sacrifice,
continual
praise
to
God –
an
offering
from
lips
that
glorify
his
name.
Never
forget
to
do
kindly
acts
and
to
share
what
you
have
with
others,
for
such
sacrifices
are
acceptable
to
God.
Obey
your
leaders,
and
submit
to
their
control,
for
they
are
watching
over
your
souls,
since
they
will
have
to
render
an
account,
so
that
they
may
do
it
with
joy,
and
not
in
sorrow.
That
would
not
be
to
your
advantage.
Pray
for
us,
for
we
are
sure
that
our
consciences
are
clear,
since
our
wish
is
to
be
occupied
with
what
is
good.
And
I
the
more
earnestly
ask
for
your
prayers,
so
that
I
may
be
restored
to
you
the
sooner.
May
God,
the
source
of
all
peace,
who
brought
back
from
the
dead
him
who, ‘by virtue
of
the
blood
that
rendered
valid
the
unchangeable
covenant,
is
the
great
shepherd
of
God’s
Sheep,’
Jesus,
our
Lord –
may
God
make
you
perfect
in
everything
that
is
good,
so
that
you
may
be
able
to
do
his
will.
May
he
bring
out
in
us
all
that
is
pleasing
in
his
sight,
through
Jesus
Christ,
to
whom
be
all
glory
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.
I
beg
you,
friends,
to
bear
with
these
words
of
advice.
For
I
have
written
only
very
briefly
to
you.
You
will
be
glad
to
hear
that
our
friend,
Timothy,
has
been
set
free.
If
he
comes
here
soon,
we
will
visit
you
together.
Give
our greeting
to
all
your
leaders,
and
to
all Christ’s
people.
Our
friends
from
Italy
send
their greetings
to
you.
May
God
bless
you
all.
James
The Letter from James
James
The Letter from
James
Greeting
James,
a
servant
of
God
and
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ, greets
the
twelve
tribes
that
are
living
abroad.
Advice
on
Various
Subjects
My
friends,
whatever
trials
you
may
face
from
time
to
time,
always
regard
them
as
a
reason
for
rejoicing,
knowing,
as
you
do,
that
the
testing
of
your
faith develops
endurance.
And
let
endurance
do
its
work
perfectly,
so
that
you
may
be
altogether
perfect,
and
in
no
respect
lacking.
If
any
one
of
you
lacks
wisdom,
they
should
ask
wisdom
from
the
God
who
gives
freely
to
everyone
without
reproach,
and
it
will
be
given
to
them.
But
they
should
ask
with
confidence,
never
doubting;
for
the
person
who
doubts
is
like
a
wave
of
the
sea
driven
here
and
there
at
the
mercy
of
the
wind –
Such
a
person
must
not
expect
that
they
will
receive
anything
from
the
Lord,
vacillating
as
they
are, irresolute
at
every
turn.
Let
a follower
in
humble
circumstances
be
proud
of
their
exalted
position,
but
a
rich follower
of
their
humiliation;
for
the
rich
will
pass
away
like
a
wild
flower.
As
the
sun
rises,
and
the
hot
wind
blows,
the
plant
withers,
its
flower
fades,
and
all
its
beauty
is
gone.
So
is
it
with
the
rich.
In
the
midst
of
their
pursuits
they
will
wither
away.
Blessed
is
the
person
who
remains
firm
under
temptation,
for,
when
they
have
stood
the
test,
they
will
receive
the
crown
of
life,
which
the
Lord
has
promised
to
those
who
love
him.
Let
no
one
say,
when
they
are
tempted, “It
is
God
who
is
tempting
me!”
For
God,
who
cannot
be
tempted
to
do
wrong,
does
not
himself
tempt
anyone.
A
man
is
in
every
case
tempted
by
their
own
passions – allured
and
enticed
by
them.
Then
passion
conceives
and
gives
birth
to
sin,
and
sin,
on
reaching
maturity,
brings
forth
death.
Do
not
be
deceived,
my
dear
friends.
Every
good
thing
given
us,
and
every
perfect
gift,
is
from
above,
and
comes
down
to
us
from
the
Father
of
the
lights
in
the
heavens,
who
is
himself
never
subject
to
change
or
to
eclipse.
Because
he
so willed,
he
gave
us
life,
through
the
message
of
the
truth,
so
that
we
should
be,
as
it
were,
a
kind
of
first
fruits
of
his
creation.
Mark
this,
my
dear
friends –
Let
everyone
be
quick
to
listen,
slow
to
speak,
and
slow
to
get
angry;
for
human
anger
does
not
forward
the
righteous
purpose
of
God.
Therefore,
get
rid
of
all
filthiness
and
whatever
wickedness
still
remains,
and
in
a
humble
spirit
receive
that
message
which
has
been
planted
in
your
hearts
and
is
able
to
save
your
souls.
Put
that
message
into
practice,
and
do
not
merely
listen
to
it –
deceiving
yourselves.
For,
when
anyone
listens
to
it
and
does
not
practice
it,
they
are
like
a
person
looking
at
their
own
face
in
a
mirror.
They
look
at
themselves,
then
go
on
their
way,
but
the
person
who
looks
carefully
into
the
perfect
Law,
the
Law
of
freedom,
and
continues
to
do
so,
not
listening
to
it
and
then
forgetting
it,
but
putting
it
into
practice –
that
person
will
be
blessed
in
what
they
do.
When
a
person
appears
to
be
religious,
yet
does
not
bridle
their
tongue,
but imposes
on
their
own
conscience,
that
person’s
religious observances
are valueless.
That religious
observance
which
is
pure
and spotless
in
the
eyes
of
God
our
Father
is
this –
to
visit
orphans
and
widows
in
their
trouble,
and
to
keep
oneself uncontaminated
by
the
world.
Warning on Various Subjects
My
friends,
are
you
really
trying
to
combine
faith
in
Jesus
Christ,
our
glorified
Lord,
with discrimination?
Suppose
a visitor
should
enter
your
synagogue,
with
gold
rings
and
in grand
clothes,
and
suppose
a
poor
man
should
come
in
also,
in shabby
clothes,
and
you
show
more
respect
to
the visitor
who
is
wearing grand
clothes,
and
say – “There
is
a
good
seat
for
you
here,”
but
to
the
poor
man – “You
must
stand;
or
sit
down
there
by
my
footstool,”
Haven’t
you
made
distinctions
among
yourselves,
and
used
evil
standards
of judgement?
Listen,
my
dear
friends.
Has
not
God
chosen
those
who
are
poor
in
the
things
of
this
world
to
be
rich
through
their
faith,
and
to
possess
the
kingdom
which
he
has
promised
to
those
who
love
him?
But
you –
you
insult
the
poor
man!
Isn’t
it
the
rich
who
oppress
you?
Isn’t
it
they
who
drag
you
into
law
courts?
Isn’t
it
they
who malign
that
honorable
name
spoken
over
you
at
your baptism?
If
you
keep
the
royal
law
which
runs – ‘You
must
love
your
neighbor
as
you
love
yourself,’
you
are
doing
right;
but,
if
you
discriminate,
you
commit
a
sin,
and
stand
convicted
by
that
same
law
of
being
offenders
against
it.
For
a
person
who
has
laid
the
Law,
as
a
whole,
to
heart,
but
has
failed
in
one
particular,
is
accountable
for
breaking
all
its
provisions.
He
who
said ‘You
must
not
commit adultery’
also
said ‘You
must
not
murder.’
If,
then,
you
commit
murder
but
not
adultery,
you
are
still
an
offender
against
the
Law.
Therefore,
speak
and
act
as
people
who
are
to
be
judged
by
the ‘Law
of
freedom.’
For
there
will
be
justice
without
mercy
for
the
person
who
has
not
acted mercifully.
Mercy
triumphs
over
Justice.
My
friends,
what
good
is
it
if
someone
claims
that
they
have
faith,
but
they
do
not
prove
it
by
actions?
Can
such
faith
save
them?
Suppose
some
brother
or
sister
should
be
in
need
of
clothes
and
of
daily
bread,
and
one
of
you
says
to
them – “Go,
and
peace
be
with
you;
keep
warm
and
eat
well!”
and
yet
you
do
not
actually
give
them
the necessities
of
life,
what
good
would
it
be
to
them?
In
just
the
same
way
faith,
if
not
followed
by
actions,
is,
by
itself,
a lifeless
thing.
Someone,
indeed,
may
say – “You
are
a
man
of
faith,
and
I
am
a
man
of
action.”
“Then
show
me
your
faith,”
I
reply, “apart
from
any
actions,
and
I
will
show
you
my
faith
by
my
actions.”
It
is
a
part
of
your
faith,
is
it
not,
that
there
is
one
God?
Good;
yet
even
the
demons
have
that
faith,
and
tremble
at
the
thought.
Now
do
you
really
want
to
understand,
fool,
how
it
is
that
faith
without
actions
leads
to
nothing?
Look
at
our
ancestor,
Abraham.
Was
he
not
justified
by
his
actions
after
he
had
offered
his
son,
Isaac,
on
the
altar?
You
see
how,
in
his
case,
faith
and
actions
went
together;
that
his
faith
was
perfected
as
the
result
of
his
actions;
and
that
in
this
way
the
words
of
scripture
came
true – “Abraham
believed
God,
and
that
was
regarded
by
God
as
righteousness,”
and “He
was
called
the
friend
of
God.”
You
see,
then,
that
a
person
is
justified
by
actions,
and
not
by
faith
alone.
Wasn’t
it
the
same
with
the
prostitute,
Rahab?
Was
she
not
justified
by
her
actions,
after
she
had
welcomed
the
messengers
and
helped
them
escape
by
another
road?
Just
as
a
body
is
dead
without
a
spirit,
so
faith
is
dead
without
actions.
Not
many
of
you
should
become
teachers,
my
friends,
because
you
know
that
we
who
teach
will
be
judged
more
strictly
than
others.
We
often
make mistakes,
every
one
of
us.
Anyone
who
does
not
make mistakes
when
speaking
is
indeed
a
perfect
person,
able
to
bridle
their
whole
body
as
well.
When
we
put
bits
into
horses’
mouths
to
make
them
obey
us,
we
change
their
course
the
rest
of
their
bodies.
Again,
think
of
ships.
Large
as
they
are,
and
even
when
driven
by
fierce
winds,
they
are
guided
by
a
very
small
rudder
and steered
in
whatever
direction
the
man
at
the
helm
may
determine.
So
is
it
with
the
tongue.
Small
as
it
is,
it
is
a
great boaster.
Think
how
a tiny
spark
may
set
the largest
forest
ablaze!
And
the
tongue
is
like
a
spark.
It
is
a
world
of
unrighteousness
among
the
parts
of
our
body.
It contaminates
the
whole
body;
it
sets
the
whole
course
of
our existence
on
fire,
and
is
itself
set
on
fire
by
the
flames
of Gehenna.
For
while
all
kinds
of
animals,
birds
and
reptiles
and
sea
creatures
can
be
tamed
and
have
been
tamed
by humans,
no
human
being
can
tame
the
tongue.
It
is
a
restless
plague!
It
is
charged
with
deadly
poison!
With
it
we
bless
our
Lord
and
Father,
and
with
it
we
curse
people
who
are
made ‘in
God’s
likeness.’
From
the
very
same
mouth
come
blessings
and
curses!
My
friends,
it
is
not
right
that
this
should
be
so.
Does
a
spring
give
both
good
and
bad
water
from
the
same
source?
Can
a
fig
tree,
my
friends,
bear
olives?
Or
a
vine
bear
figs?
No,
nor
can
a brackish
well
give
good
water.
Who
among
you
claims
to
be
wise
and
intelligent?
They
should
show
that
their
actions
are
the
outcome
of
a
good
life
lived
in
the
humility
of
true
wisdom.
But
if
you
harbor
bitter
envy
and
a
spirit
of
rivalry
in
your
hearts,
do
not
boast
or
deny
the
truth.
That
is
not
the
wisdom
which
comes
from
above;
no,
it
is
earthly, animalistic,
demonic.
For
where
envy
and
rivalry exist,
there
you
will
also
find disorder
and
all
kinds
of
bad,
worthless
actions.
But
the
wisdom
from
above
is,
before
everything
else,
pure;
then peace-loving,
gentle,
open
to conviction,
rich
in
compassion
and
good
deeds,
and
free
from
partiality
and insincerity.
Justice
is
the
harvest peacemakers
will
reap
from
seeds
sown
in
a
spirit
of
peace.
What
is
the
cause
of
the
fighting
and
quarreling
that
goes
on
among
you?
Isn’t
it
to
be
found
in
the
desires
which
are
always
at
war
within
you?
You
crave,
yet
do
not
have,
so
you
commit
murder,
so
You
covet,
yet
cannot
gain
your
end.
You
quarrel
and
fight.
You
do
not
have,
because
you
do
not
ask.
You
ask,
yet
do
not
receive,
because
you
ask
for
a
wrong
purpose –
to
spend
what
you
get
on
your
pleasures.
Unfaithful
people!
Don’t
you
know
that
to
be
friends
with
the
world
means
to
be
at
enmity
with
God?
Therefore
whoever
chooses
to
be
friends
with
the
world
makes
himself
an
enemy
to
God.
Do
you
suppose
scripture
means
nothing
when
it
says, ‘Envy
results
from
the longings
of
the
spirit
which
God
has implanted
within
you?’
But
he
gives
us
greater
grace;
and
that
is
why
it
says, –
‘God
opposes
the
haughty,
but
gives
grace
to
the
humble.’
Therefore
submit
to
God.
Stand
up
to
the
devil,
and
he
will
flee
from
you.
Draw
near
to
God,
and
he
will
draw
near
to
you.
Make
your
hands
clean,
you
sinners;
and
your
hearts
pure,
you vacillators!
Grieve,
mourn,
and
lament!
Let
your
laughter
be
turned
to
mourning,
and
your
happiness
to
gloom!
Humble
yourselves
before
the
Lord,
and
he
will
exalt
you.
Do
not disparage
one
another,
friends.
The
person
who disparages
others,
or
passes
judgment
on
them, disparages
the
Law
and
passes
judgment
on
the
Law.
But,
if
you
pass
judgment
on
the
Law,
you
are
not
obeying
it,
but
judging
it.
There
is
only
one
lawgiver
and
judge –
he
who
has
the
power
both
to
save
and
to
destroy.
So
then
who
are
you
to
pass
judgment
on
your
neighbor?
Listen
to
me,
you
who
say ‘Today
or
tomorrow
we
will
go
to
such
and
such
a
town
and
spend
a
year
there,
doing
business
and
making
money,’
yet
you
do
not
know
what
your
life
will
be
like
tomorrow!
For
you
are
but
a puff
of
smoke
that
appears
for
a
little
while
and
then
vanishes.
Instead
you
should
say ‘If
the
Lord
wills,
we
will
live
and
do
this
or
that.’
But
as
it
is,
you
are
boasting
presumptuously!
All
such
boasting
is
wicked.
The
person,
then,
who
knows
what
is
right
but
fails
to
do
it –
that
is
sin
in
them.
Listen
to
me,
you
rich
people,
weep
and
wail
for
the
miseries
that
are
coming
upon
you!
Your
riches
have
wasted
away,
and
your
clothes
have
become
moth-eaten.
Your
gold
and
silver
are
rusted;
and
the
rust
on
them
will
be
evidence
against
you,
and
will
eat
into
your
flesh.
It
was
fire,
so
to
speak,
that
you
stored
up
for
yourselves
in
these
last
days.
Listen!
The
wages
you
have
held
back
from
the
laborers
who mowed
your
fields
are
crying
out
against
you,
and
the outcries
of
your
harvesters
have
reached
the
ears
of
the
Lord
of
Hosts!
You
have
lived
on
earth
a
life
of extravagance
and
luxury;
you
have indulged
your fancies
in
a
time
of
bloodshed.
You
have
condemned,
you
have
murdered,
the
righteous
one!
Must
not
God
be
opposed
to
you?
Concluding
Appeal
Be
patient,
then,
friends,
until
the
coming
of
the
Lord.
Even
the
farmer
has
to
wait
for
the
precious
fruit
of
the
earth,
watching
over
it
patiently,
until
it
has
had
the
spring
and
summer
rains.
And
you
must
be
patient
also,
and
not
be
discouraged;
for
the
Lord’s
coming
is
near.
Do
not
make
complaints
against
one
another,
friends,
or
judgment
will
be
passed
on
you.
The
judge
is
already
standing
at
the
door!
Friends,
as
an
example
of
the
patient endurance
of
suffering,
take
the
prophets
who
spoke
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.
We
count
those
who
displayed
such
endurance
blessed!
You
have
heard,
too,
of
Job’s
endurance,
and
have
seen
what
the
Lord’s
purpose
was,
for ‘the
Lord
is
full
of
pity
and
compassion.’
Above
all
things,
my
friends,
never
take
an
oath,
either
by
heaven,
or
by
earth,
or
by
anything
else.
Let
your ‘Yes’
suffice
for
yes,
and ‘No’
for
no,
so
that
you
may
escape
condemnation.
If
anyone
of
you
is
in
trouble,
they
should
pray;
if
anyone
is
happy,
they
should
sing
hymns.
If
anyone
of
you
is
ill,
they
should
send
for
the
church
elders,
and
let
them
pray
over
them,
anointing
them
with
oil
in
the
name
of
the
Lord.
The
prayer
offered
in
faith
will
save
the
person
who
is
sick,
and
the
Lord
will
raise
them
from
their
bed;
and
if
they
have
committed
sins,
they
will
be
forgiven.
Therefore,
confess
your
sins
to
one
another
and
pray
for
one
another,
so
that
you
may
be
cured.
Great
is
the
power
of
a
good
person’s
fervent
prayer.
Elijah
was
only
human
like
ourselves,
but,
when
he
prayed fervently
that
it
might
not
rain,
no
rain
fell
on
the
land
for
three
and
a
half
years.
And,
when
he
prayed
again,
the
clouds
brought
rain,
and
the
land
bore
crops.
My
friends,
should
one
of
you
be
led
astray
from
the
truth,
and
someone
bring
them
back
again,
be
sure
that
the
person
who
brings
a
sinner
back
from
their mistaken
ways
will
save
that
person’s
soul
from
death,
and
will
cover
a
multitude
of
sins.
1 Peter
Peter’s First Letter
1 Peter
Peter’s First Letter
Introduction
To
the
people
of
God
who
are
living
abroad,
dispersed
throughout
Pontus,
Galatia,
Cappadocia, Roman Asia,
and Bithynia,
and
who
were
chosen
in
accordance
with
the
foreknowledge
of
God
the
Father,
through
the
consecration
of
the
Spirit,
to
learn
obedience,
and
to
be
purified
by
the
sprinkling
of
the
blood
of
Jesus
Christ,
from
Peter,
an apostle
of
Jesus
Christ.
May
blessing
and
peace
be
yours
in
ever
increasing
measure.
The Christian’s
Hope
of
Salvation
Blessed
is
the
God
and
Father
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
who
has,
in
his
great
mercy,
through
the resurrection
of
Jesus
Christ
from
the
dead,
given
us
the
new
life
of undying
hope,
that
promises
an
inheritance, imperishable, stainless, unfading,
which
has
been
reserved
for
you
in
heaven –
for
you
who,
through
faith,
are
being
guarded
by
the
power
of
God, awaiting
a
salvation
that
is
ready
to
be
revealed
in
the
last
days.
At
the
thought
of
this
you
are
full
of
exultation,
though (if
it
has
been
necessary)
you
have
suffered
for
the
moment
somewhat
from
various
trials;
that
the genuineness
of
your
faith –
a
thing
far
more
precious
than
gold,
which
is perishable,
yet
has
to
be
tested
by
fire –
may
win
praise
and
glory
and
honor
at
the
appearing
of
Jesus
Christ.
Though
you
have
never
seen
him,
yet
you
love
him;
though
you
do
not
even
now
see
him,
yet
you
believe
in
him,
and
exalt
with
a
triumphant
happiness
too
great
for
words,
as
you
receive
the
reward
of
your
faith
in
the
salvation
of
your
souls!
It
was
this
salvation
that
the
prophets,
who
spoke
long
ago
of
the
blessing
intended
for
you,
sought,
and
strove
to
comprehend;
as
they
strove
to
discern
what
that
time
could
be,
to
which
the
Spirit
of
Christ
within
them
was
pointing,
when foretelling
the
sufferings
that
Christ
would
have
to
endure,
and
the
glories
that
would
follow.
And
it
was
revealed
to
them
that
it
was
not
for
themselves,
but
for
you,
that
they
were
acting
as
Ministers
of
the truths
which
have
now
been
told
to
you,
by
those
who,
with
the
help
of
the
Holy
Spirit
sent
from
heaven,
have
brought
you
the
good
news – truths
into
which
even
angels
long
to
look.
The Christian’s
Character
Therefore concentrate
your
minds,
with
the strictest self-control,
and
fix
your
hopes
on
the
blessing
that
is
coming
for
you
at
the
appearing
of
Jesus
Christ.
Be
like
obedient
children;
do
not
let
your
lives
be
shaped
by
the
passions
which
once swayed
you
in
the
days
of
your
ignorance,
but
in
your
whole
life
show
yourselves
to
be
holy,
after
the
pattern
of
the
Holy
One
from
whom
you
received
your
call.
For
scripture
says –
‘You
will
be
holy,
because
I
am
holy.’
And
since
you
call
on
him
as ‘Father,’
who
judges
everyone impartially
by
what
he
has
done,
let
respectful
awe
be
the
spirit
of
your
lives
during
the
time
of
your
stay
on
earth.
For
you
know
that
it
was
not
by
perishable
things,
such
as
silver
and
gold,
that
you
were
ransomed
from
the aimless
way
of
living
which
was
handed
down
to
you
from
your
ancestors,
but
by
precious
blood,
as
it
were
of
a
lamb,
unblemished
and spotless,
the
blood
of
Christ.
Destined
for
this
before
the
beginning
of
the
world,
he
has
been
revealed
in
these
last
days
for
your
sakes,
who,
through
him,
are
faithful
to
God
who
raised
him
from
the
dead
and
gave
him
honor,
so
that
your
faith
and
hope
are
now
in
God.
Now
that,
by
your
obedience
to
the
truth,
you
have
purified
your
lives,
so
that
there
is
growing
up
among
you
a genuine
affection,
love
one
another
earnestly
with
all
your
hearts;
since
your
new
life
has
come,
not
from
perishable,
but imperishable,
seed,
through
the
message
of
the Everliving
God.
For –
‘All
earthly
life
is
but
as
grass,
and
all
its
splendor
as
the
flower
of
grass.
The
grass
fades,
its
flower
falls,
but
the
teaching
of
the
Lord
remains
for
ever.’
And
that
is
the
teaching
of
the
good
news
which
has
been
told
to
you.
Now
that
you
have
done
with
all
malice,
all
deceitfulness, insincerity,
jealous
feelings,
and
all
backbiting,
like
newly
born
infants,
crave
pure
spiritual
milk,
so
that
you
may
be
enabled
by
it
to
grow
until
you
attain
salvation –
since ‘you
have
found
by
experience
that
the
Lord
is
kind.’
Come
to
him,
then,
as
to
a
living
stone,
rejected,
indeed,
by
men,
but
in
God’s
eyes
choice
and
precious;
and,
as
living
stones,
form
yourselves
into
a
spiritual
house,
to
be
a
consecrated
priesthood,
for
the
offering
of
spiritual
sacrifices
that
will
be
acceptable
to
God
through
Jesus
Christ.
For
there
is
a
passage
of
scripture
that
runs –
‘See,
I
am
placing
in
Zion
a
choice
and
precious
cornerstone;
and
those
who
believe
in
him
will
have
no
cause
for
shame.’
It
is
to
you,
then,
who
believe
in
him
that
he
is
precious,
but
to
those
who
do
not
believe
he
is ‘a
stone
which,
though
rejected
by
the
builders,
has
now
itself
become
the corner-stone,’
and ‘a stumbling-block,
and
a
rock
which
will
prove
a hindrance.’
They
stumble
because
they
do
not
accept
the
message.
This
was
the
fate
destined
for
them.
But
you
are ‘a
chosen
people,
a
royal
priesthood,
a
consecrated
nation,
God’s
own
people,’
entrusted
with
the
proclamation
of
the
goodness
of
him
who
called
you
out
of
darkness
into
his
wonderful
light.
Once
you
were ‘not
a
people,’
but
now
you
are ‘God’s people’;
once
you ‘had
not
found
mercy,’
but
now
you ‘have
found
mercy.’
Practical Appeals
in
view
of
the
Dangers
of
the
Times.
Dear
friends,
I
beg
you,
as
pilgrims
and
strangers
on
earth,
to
refrain
from
indulging
the cravings
of
your earthly nature,
for
they
make
war
on
the
soul.
Let
your
daily
life
among
the
Gentiles
be
so
upright,
that,
whenever
they malign
you
as
evildoers,
they
may
learn,
as
they
watch,
from
the
uprightness
of
your
conduct,
to
praise
God ‘at
the
time
when
he
will
visit
them.’
Submit
to
all
human institutions
for
the
Lord’s
sake,
alike
to
the emperor
as
the
supreme
authority,
and
to
governors
as
sent
by
him
to
punish
evildoers
and
to commend
those
who
do
right.
For
God’s
will
is
this –
that
you
should
silence
the
ignorance
of
foolish
people
by
doing
what
is
right.
Act
as
free
people,
yet
not
using
your
freedom
as
those
do
who
make
it
a
cloak
for
wickedness,
but
as
Servants
of
God.
Show
honor
to
everyone,
love
the
Lord’s
followers, ‘revere
God,
honor
the emperor.’
Those
of
you
who
are domestic
servants
should
always
be
submissive
and
respectful
to
their
masters,
not
only
to
those
who
are
good
and considerate,
but
also
to
those
who
are arbitrary.
For
this
wins
God’s
approval
when,
because
conscious
of
God’s
presence,
a
person
who
is
suffering
unjustly
bears
their
troubles
patiently.
What
credit
can
you
claim
when,
after
doing
wrong,
you
take
your
punishment
for
it
patiently?
But,
on
the
other
hand,
if,
after
doing
right,
you
take
your
sufferings
patiently,
that
does
win
the
approval
of
God.
For
it
was
to
this
that
you
were
called!
For
Christ,
too,
suffered –
on
your
behalf –
and
left
you
an
example,
that
you
should
follow
in
his
steps.
He ‘never
sinned,
nor
was
anything
deceitful
ever
heard
from
his
lips.’
He
was
abused,
but
he
did
not
answer
with
abuse;
he
suffered,
but
he
did
not
threaten;
he
entrusted
himself
to
him
whose
judgments
are
just.
And
he ‘himself
carried
our sins’
in
his
own
body
to
the
cross,
so
that
we
might
die
to
our
sins,
and
live
for
righteousness. ‘His
bruising
was
your
healing.’
Once
you
were
straying
like
sheep,
but
now
you
have
returned
to
the
shepherd
and
guardian
of
your
souls.
Again,
you
married
women
should
submit
to
your
husbands,
so
that
if
any
of
them
reject
the
message,
they
may,
apart
from
the
message,
be
won
over,
by
the
conduct
of
their
wives,
as
they
see
your
pure, reverent
conduct.
Yours
should
be,
not
the
external
adornment
of
the
arrangement
of
the
hair,
the
wearing
of
jewelry,
or
the
putting
on
of
dresses,
but
the
inner
life
with
the imperishable
beauty
of
a
quiet
and
gentle
spirit;
for
this
is
very
precious
in
God’s
sight.
It
was
by
this
that
the
holy
women
of
old,
who
rested
their
hopes
on
God,
adorned
themselves;
submitting
to
their
husbands,
as
Sarah
did,
who
obeyed
Abraham,
and
called
him
master.
And
you
are
her
true
children,
as
long
as
you
live
good
lives,
and
let
nothing
terrify
you.
Again,
those
of
you
who
are
married
men
should
live considerately
with
their
wives,
showing
due
regard
to
their
sex,
as physically
weaker
than
their
own,
and
not
forgetting
that
they
share
with
you
in
the
gift
of
life.
Then
you
will
be
able
to
pray
without hindrance.
Lastly,
you
should
all
be
united,
sympathetic,
full
of
love
for
each
other, kind-hearted, humble-minded;
never
returning
evil
for
evil,
or
abuse
for
abuse,
but,
on
the
contrary,
blessing.
It
was
to
this
that
you
were
called –
to
obtain
a
blessing!
‘The
person
who
wants
to
enjoy
life
and
see
happy
days –
they
should
keep
their
tongue
from
evil
and
their
lips
from
deceitful
words,
they
should
turn
from
evil
and
do
good,
They
should
seek
for
peace
and
follow
after
it;
For
the
eyes
of
the
Lord
are
on
the
righteous,
and
his
ears
are
attentive
to
their
prayers,
but
the
face
of
the
Lord
is
set
against
those
who
do
wrong.’
Who,
indeed,
is
there
to
harm
you,
if
you
prove
yourselves
to
be
eager
for
what
is
good?
Even
if
you
should
suffer
for
righteousness,
count
yourselves
blessed! ‘Do
not
let
people
terrify
you,
or
allow
yourselves
to
be
dismayed.’
Revere
the
Christ
as
Lord
in
your
hearts;
always
ready
to
give
an
answer
to
anyone
who
asks
your
reason
for
the
hope
that
you
cherish,
but
giving
it
with
courtesy
and
respect,
and
keeping
your
consciences
clear,
so
that,
whenever
you
are maligned,
those
who vilify
your
good
and Christian
conduct
may
be
put
to
shame.
It
is
better
that
you
should
suffer,
if
that
should
be
God’s
will,
for
doing
right,
than
for
doing
wrong.
For
Christ
himself
died
to
atone
for
sins
once
for
all –
the
good
on
behalf
of
the
bad –
that
he
might
bring
you
to
God;
his
body
being
put
to
death,
but
his
spirit
entering
on
new
life.
And
it
was
then
that
he
went
and
preached
to
the
imprisoned
spirits,
who
once
were
disobedient,
at
the
time
when
God
patiently
waited,
in
the
days
of
Noah,
while
the
ark
was
being
prepared;
in
which
some
few
lives,
eight
in
all,
were
saved
by
means
of
water.
And baptism,
which
this foreshadowed,
now
saves
you –
not
the
mere
cleansing
of
the
body,
but
the
search
of
a
clear
conscience
after
God –
through
the resurrection
of
Jesus
Christ,
who
has
gone
into
heaven,
and
is
at
God’s
right
hand,
where
angels
and archangels
and
the
powers
of
heaven
now
yield
submission
to
him.
Since,
then,
Christ
suffered
in
body,
arm
yourselves
with
the
same resolve
as
he;
for
he
who
has
suffered
in
body
has
ceased
to
sin,
and
so
will
live
the
rest
of
his
earthly
life
guided,
not
by
human
passions,
but
by
the
will
of
God.
Surely
in
the
past
you
have
spent
time
enough
living
as
the
Gentiles
delight
to
live.
For
your
path
has
lain
among scenes
of debauchery, licentiousness,
drunkenness, revelry, hard-drinking,
and
profane
idolatry.
And,
because
you
do
not
run
to
the
same extremes
of profligacy
as
others,
they
are
astonished,
and malign
you.
But
they
will
have
to
answer
for
their
conduct
to
him
who
is
ready
to
judge
both
the
living
and
the
dead.
For
that
was
why
the
good
news
was
told
to
the
dead
also –
that,
after
they
have
been
judged
in
the
body,
as
people
are
judged,
they
might
live
in
the
spirit,
as
God
lives.
But
the
end
of
all
things
is
near.
Therefore
exercise self-restraint
and
be
calm,
so
that
you
may
be
able
to
pray.
Above
all
things,
let
your
love
for
one
another
be
earnest,
for ‘Love
throws
a
veil
over
countless
sins.’
Never
grudge
hospitality
to
one
another.
Whatever
the
gift
that
each
has
received,
use
it
in
the
service
of
others,
as
good
stewards
of
the
varied
bounty
of
God.
When
anyone
speaks,
they
should
speak
as
one
who
is
delivering
the
oracles
of
God.
When
anyone
is endeavoring
to
serve
others,
they
should
do
so
in reliance
on
the
strength
which
God
supplies;
so
that
in
everything
God
may
be
honored
through
Jesus
Christ –
to
whom
be
ascribed
all
honor
and
might
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.
Dear
friends,
do
not
be
astonished
at
the
trial
of
fire
that
you
are
passing
through,
to
test
you,
as
though
something
strange
were
happening
to
you.
No,
the
more
you
share
the
sufferings
of
the
Christ,
the
more
may
you
rejoice,
that,
when
the
time
comes
for
the manifestation
of
his
glory,
you
may
rejoice
and
exult.
If
you
are
insulted
for
bearing
the
name
of
Christ,
count
yourselves
blessed;
because
the
divine
glory
and
the
Spirit
of
God
are
resting
on
you.
I
need
hardly
say
that
no
one
among
you
must
suffer
as
a
murderer,
or
a
thief,
or
a
criminal,
or
for interfering
in
matters
which
do
not
concern Christians.
But,
if
someone
suffers
as
a
Christian,
they
should
not
be
ashamed
of
it;
they
should
bring
honor
to
God
even
though
they
bear
that
name.
For
the
time
has
come
for
judgment
to
begin
with
the
house
of
God;
and,
if
it
begins
with
us,
what
will
be
the
end
of
those
who
reject
God’s
good
news?
If ‘a
good
person
is
saved
only
with
difficulty,
what
will
become
of
the
godless
and
the
sinful?’
Therefore,
I
say,
let
those
who
suffer,
because
God
wills
it
so,
commit
their
lives
into
the
hands
of
a
faithful
Creator,
and persevere
in
doing
right.
Conclusion
As
for
the
older
ones
among
you,
who
are
elders
in
the church,
I,
their
fellow
elder,
and
a
witness
to
the
sufferings
of
the
Christ,
who
will
also
share
in
the
glory
that
is
to
be
revealed –
I
beg
you
to
be
true
shepherds
of
the
flock
of
God
among
you,
not
because
you
are
compelled,
but
of
your
own
free
will;
not
from
a
base
love
of
gain,
but
with
a
ready
spirit;
not
as
lords
of
your
charges,
but
as
examples
to
your
flock.
Then,
when
the
chief
shepherd
appears,
you
will
win
the
crown
of
glory
that
never
fades.
Again,
you
younger
ones
should
show deference
to
the
older.
And
all
of
you
should
put
on
the badge
of
humility
in mutual
service,
for ‘God
is
opposed
to
the
proud,
but
gives
his
help
to
the
humble.’
Humble
yourselves,
therefore,
under
the
mighty
hand
of
God,
so
that
he
may
exalt
you
in
his
good
time,
laying
all
your anxieties
on
him,
for
he
makes
you
his
care.
Exercise self-control,
be
watchful.
Your
adversary,
the
devil,
like
a
roaring
lion,
is prowling
about,
eager
to
devour
you.
Stand
firm
against
him,
strong
in
your
faith;
knowing,
as
you
do,
that
the
sufferings
which
you
are undergoing
are
being
endured
to
the
full
by
the
Lord’s
followers
throughout
the
world.
God,
from
whom
all
help
comes,
and
who
called
you,
by
your
union
with
Christ,
into
his
eternal
glory,
will,
when
you
have
suffered
for
a
little
while,
himself
perfect,
establish,
strengthen
you.
To
him
be
ascribed
dominion
for
ever.
Amen.
I
have
been
writing
to
you
briefly
by
the
hand
of Silas,
our true-hearted
friend (for
so
I
regard
him),
to
encourage
you,
and
to
bear
my
testimony
that
in
what
I
have
written
is
to
be
found
the
true
love
of
God.
On
that
take
your
stand.
Your
sister church
in ‘Babylon’
sends
you greeting,
and
so
does
Mark,
who
is
as
a
son
to
me.
Greet
one
another
with
the
kiss
of
love.
May
God
give
his
peace
to
you
all
in
your
union
with
Christ.
2 Peter
Peter’s Second Letter
2 Peter
Peter’s Second Letter
Introduction
To
those
to
whom,
through
the
justice
of
our
God
and
Savior
Jesus
Christ,
there
has
been
granted
faith equally privileged
with
our
own,
from
Simon
Peter,
a
servant
and
an apostle
of
Jesus
Christ.
May
blessing
and
peace
be
yours
in
ever
increasing
measure,
as
you
advance
in
the
knowledge
of
God
and
of
Jesus,
our
Lord.
For
his
divine
power
has
given
us
everything
that
is
needful
for
a
life
of
piety,
as
we
advance
in
the
knowledge
of
him
who
called
us
by
a
glorious manifestation
of
his
goodness.
For
it
was
through
this
that
he
gave
us
what
we
prize
as
the
greatest
of
his
promises,
that
through
them
you
might participate
in
the
divine
nature,
now
that
you
have
fled
from
the
corruption
in
the
world,
resulting
from
human
passions.
Yes,
and
for
this
reason
do
your
best
to supplement
your
faith
by
goodness,
goodness
by
knowledge,
knowledge
by
self-control,
self-control
by
endurance,
endurance
by
piety,
piety
by mutual
affection,
and mutual
affection
by
love.
For,
when
these virtues
are
yours,
in
increasing
measure,
they
prevent
your
being indifferent
to,
or
destitute
of,
a fuller
knowledge
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ.
Surely
the
person
who
has
not
these virtues
is shortsighted
even
to
blindness,
and
has
chosen
to
forget
that
they
have
been
purified
from
their
sins
of
the
past!
Therefore,
friends,
do
your
best
to
put
God’s
call
and selection
of
you
beyond
all
doubt;
for,
if
you
do
this,
you
will
never
fall.
For
in
this
way
you
will
be
given
a
triumphant admission
into
the
eternal
kingdom
of
our
Lord
and
Savior,
Jesus
Christ.
The Transfiguration
and
the ‘Second Coming’
of
the
Christ
I
will,
therefore,
always
be
ready
to
remind
you
of
all
this,
even
though
you
know
it
and
are
firmly
established
in
the
truth
that
you
now
hold.
But
I
think
it
my
duty,
as
long
as
I
live
in
this ‘tent,’
to
rouse
you
by awakening memories
of
the
past;
for
I
know
that
the
time
for
this ‘tent’
of
mine
to
be
put
away
is
soon
coming,
as
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
himself
assured
me.
So
I
will
do
my
best
to
enable
you,
at
any
time
after
my
departure,
to
call
these truths
to
mind.
For
we
were
not
following
cleverly
devised
stories
when
we
told
you
of
the
coming
in
power
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
but
we
had
been eye-witnesses
of
his
majesty.
For
he
received
honor
and
glory
from
God
the
Father,
when
from
the
glory
of
the
Divine
Majesty
there
were
borne
to
his
ears
words
such
as
these – ‘This
is
my
dearly
loved
son,
who
brings
me
great
joy.’
These
were
the
words
that
we
heard,
borne
to
our
ears
from
heaven,
when
we
were
with
him
on
that
sacred
mountain.
And
still
stronger
is
the
assurance
that
we
have
in
the
teaching
of
the
prophets;
to
which
you
will
do
well
to
pay
attention (as
if
it
were
a
lamp
shining
in
a
gloomy
place),
until
the
day
dawns
and
the
morning
star
rises
in
your
hearts.
But
first
be
assured
of
this:
There
is
no
prophetic
teaching
found
in
scripture
that
can
be
interpreted
by
a
person’s unaided
reason;
for
no
prophetic
teaching
ever
came
in
the
old
days
at
the
mere
wish
of
people,
but
people,
moved
by
the
Holy
Spirit,
spoke
direct
from
God.
Warning against separating Christianity from a Holy Life
But
there
were
false
prophets
also
in
the
nation,
just
as
there
will
be
false
teachers
among
you,
people
who
will
secretly
introduce
ruinous
divisions, disowning
even
the
Lord
who
bought
them,
and
bringing
speedy
ruin
on
themselves.
There
will
be
many,
too,
who
will
follow
their licentious
courses,
and
cause
the
way
of
the
truth
to
be maligned.
In
their
covetousness
they
will
try
to
make
you
a
source
of
profit
by
their fabrications;
but
for
a
long
time
past
their
sentence
has
not
been
standing
idle,
nor
their
ruin slumbering.
Remember,
God
did
not
spare
angels
when
they
sinned,
but
sent
them
down
to Tartarus,
and consigned
them
to
caverns
of
darkness,
to
be
kept
under
guard
for
judgment.
Nor
did
he
spare
the
world
of
old;
though
he
preserved
Noah,
the
preacher
of
righteousness,
and
seven
others,
when
he
brought
a
flood
on
the
godless
world.
He
condemned
the
cities
of
Sodom
and
Gomorrah
and
reduced
them
to
ashes,
holding
them
up
as
a
warning
to
the
godless
of
what
was
in
store
for
them;
but
he
rescued
righteous
Lot,
whose
heart
was
vexed
by
the
wanton licentiousness
of
his
neighbors;
for,
seeing
and
hearing
what
he
did,
as
he
lived
his
righteous
life
among
them,
day
after
day,
Lot’s
righteous
soul
was tortured
by
their
wicked
doings.
The
Lord,
therefore,
knows
how
to
deliver
the pious
from
temptation,
and
to
keep
the
wicked,
who
are
even
now
suffering
punishment,
in
readiness
for ‘the
day
of judgment’ –
especially
those
who,
following
the promptings
of
their
lower nature,
indulge
their
polluting
passions
and
despise
all
control. Audacious
and self-willed,
they
feel
no
awe
of
the celestial
beings, maligning
them,
even
where
angels,
though excelling
them
in
strength
and
power,
do
not
bring
against
them
a
malignant
charge
before
the
Lord.
These
people,
however,
like
animals
without
reason,
intended
by nature
to
be
caught
and
killed –
these
people,
I
say, malign
those
of
whom
they
know
nothing,
and
will
assuredly
perish
through
their
own
corruption,
suffering
themselves,
as
the
penalty
for
the
suffering
that
they
have
inflicted.
They
think
that
pleasure
consists
in
the self-indulgence
of
the
moment.
They
are
a
stain
and
a
disgrace,
indulging,
as
they
do,
in
their
wanton revelry,
even
while
joining
you
at
your
feasts.
They
have
eyes
only
for
adulteresses,
eyes
never
tired
of
sin;
they
entice
weak
souls;
their
minds
are
trained
to
covet;
they
live
under
a
curse.
Leaving
the
straight
road,
they
have
gone
astray
and
followed
in
the
steps
of
Balaam,
the
son
of
Beor,
who
set
his
heart
on
the
reward
for
wrongdoing,
but
was
rebuked
for
his
offense.
A
dumb
animal
spoke
with
a
human
voice,
and
checked
the
prophet’s
madness.
These
people
are
like
springs
without
water,
or mists
driven
before
a
gale;
and
for
them
the blackest
darkness
has
been
reserved.
With
boastful
and
foolish
talk,
they
appeal
to
the
passions
of
people’s
lower nature,
and,
by
their profligacy,
entice
those
who
are
just
escaping
from
the
people
who
live
such misguided
lives.
They
promise
them
freedom,
while
they
themselves
are
slaves
to
corrupt habits;
for
a
person
is
the
slave
of
anything
to
which
they
give
way.
If,
after
having
escaped
the
polluting
influences
of
the
world,
through
knowing
our
Lord
and
Savior,
Jesus
Christ,
people
are
again
entangled
in
them,
and
give
way
to
them,
their
last
state
has
become
worse
than
their
first.
It
would,
indeed,
have
been
better
for
them
not
to
have
known
the
way
of
righteousness,
than,
after
knowing
it,
to
turn
away
from
the
holy
command
delivered
to
them.
In
their
case
is
seen
the
truth
of
the
proverb – ‘A
dog
returns
to
what
it
has vomited’
and ‘A
sow
after
washing
to
her wallowing-place
in
the
mud.’
A Reassertion of the ‘Second Coming’ of the Christ
This,
dear
friends,
is
my
second
letter
to
you.
In
both
of
them
I
have
tried,
by appealing
to
your
remembrance,
to
arouse
your
better
feelings.
I
want
you
to
recall
what
was foretold
by
the
holy
prophets,
as
well
as
the
command
of
our
Lord
and
Savior
given
to
you
through
your apostles.
First
be
assured
of
this,
that,
as
the
age
draws
to
an
end,
scoffers,
led
by
their
own
passions,
will
come
and
ask scoffingly – ‘Where
is
his
promised
coming?
Ever
since
our
ancestors
passed
to
their
rest,
everything
remains
just
as
it
was
when
the
world
was
first
created!’
For
they
willfully
shut
their
eyes
to
the
fact
that
long
ago
the
heavens
existed;
and
the
earth,
also –
formed
out
of
water
and
by
the
action
of
water,
by
the fiat
of
God;
and
that
by
the
same
means
the
world
which
then
existed
was
destroyed
in
a deluge
of
water.
But
the
present
heavens
and
earth,
by
the
same fiat,
have
been
reserved
for
fire,
and
are
being
kept
for
the
day
of
the
judgment
and
destruction
of
the
godless.
But
you,
dear
friends,
must
never
shut
your
eyes
to
the
fact
that,
to
the
Lord,
one
day
is
the
same
as
a
thousand
years,
and
a
thousand
years
as
one
day.
The
Lord
is
not
slow
to
fulfill
his
promise,
as
some
count
slowness;
but
he
is
forbearing
with
you,
as
it
is
not
his
will
that
any
of
you
should
perish,
but
that
all
should
be
brought
to
repentance.
The
day
of
the
Lord
will
come
like
a
thief;
and
on
that
day
the
heavens
will
pass
away
with
a
crash,
the
elements
will
be
burnt
up
and
dissolved,
and
the
earth
and
all
that
is
in
it
will
be
disclosed.
Now,
since
all
these
things
are
in
the
process
of dissolution,
think
what
you
yourselves
ought
to
be –
what
holy
and pious
lives
you
ought
to
lead,
while
you
wait
for
the
coming
of
the
day
of
God
and
strive
to
make
it
come
soon
3.12
Or: and desire its coming..
At
its
coming
the
heavens
will
be
dissolved
in
fire,
and
the
elements
melted
by
heat,
but
we
look
for
new
heavens
and
a
new
earth,
where
righteousness
will
have
its
home,
in
fulfillment
of
the
promise
of
God.
Therefore,
dear
friends,
in
expectation
of
these
things,
make
every
effort
to
be
found
by
him spotless,
blameless,
and
at
peace.
Regard
our
Lord’s
forbearance
as
your
one
hope
of
salvation.
This
is
what
our
dear
friend
Paul
wrote
to
you,
with
the
wisdom
that
God
gave
him.
It
is
the
same
in
all
his
letters,
when
he
speaks
in
them
about
these
subjects.
There
are
some
things
in
them
difficult
to
understand,
which untaught
and
weak
people
distort,
just
as
they
do
all
other writings,
to
their
own
ruin.
You
must,
therefore,
dear
friends,
now
that
you
know
this
beforehand,
be
on
your
guard
against
being
led
away
by
the
errors
of
reckless
people,
and
so lapsing
from
your
present
steadfastness;
and
advance
in
the
love
and
knowledge
of
our
Lord
and
Savior,
Jesus
Christ.
All
glory
be
to
him
now
and
for
ever.
1 John
John’s First Letter
1 John
John’s First Letter
Preface
We
write
to
you
about
the
Word
of
life,
which
has
been
in existence
from
the
beginning.
We
write
of
what
we
have
heard,
of
what
we
have
seen
with
our
eyes,
of
what
we
watched reverently
and
touched
with
our
hands.
That
life
was
made
visible,
and
we
have
seen
it.
We
bear
our
testimony
to
it,
and
tell
you
of
that
eternal
life
which
was
with
the
Father
and
was
made
visible
to
us.
It
is
of
what
we
have
seen
and
heard
that
we
now
tell
you,
so
that
you
may
have
fellowship
with
us.
And
our
fellowship
is
with
the
Father
and
with
his
Son,
Jesus
Christ.
We
are
writing
all
this
to
you
that
our
joy
may
be
complete.
Fellowship
with
God
This
is
the
message
which
we
have
heard
from
him
and
announce
to
you:
God
is
light,
and
there
is
no
darkness
in
him
at
all.
If
we
say
that
we
have
fellowship
with
him
and
yet
continue
to
walk
in
the
darkness,
our
words
and
our
lives
are
a
lie.
But
if
we
walk
in
the
light,
as
he
is
in
the
light,
we
have
fellowship
with
one
another,
and
the
blood
of
Jesus,
his
Son,
cleanses
us
from
all
sin.
If
we
say, “we
have
no
sin,”
then
we
are
deceiving
ourselves,
and
the
truth
is
not
in
us.
If
we
confess
our
sins,
he
is
just
and
may
be
trusted
to
forgive
our
sins
and
cleanse
us
from
all
wrongdoing.
If
we
say
that
we
haven’t
sinned,
we
make
God
a
liar,
and
his
Word
is
not
in
us.
My
children,
I
am
writing
to
you
to
keep
you
from
sinning.
But
if
anyone
does
sin,
we
have
an
advocate
with
the
Father –
Jesus
Christ,
the
righteous.
He
is
the
atoning
sacrifice
for
our
sins,
and
not
for
ours
only,
but
the
sins
of
the
whole
world.
It
is
by
keeping
God’s
commands
that
we
can
be
sure
we
know
him.
Whoever
says “I
know
him,”
but
does
not
keep
his
commands,
is
a
liar.
The
truth
has
no
place
in
them.
But
the
person
who
keeps
God’s
word,
in
them
the
love
of
God
has
indeed
reached
its
perfection.
This
is
how
we
can
be
sure
we
are
in
him:
whoever
claims
to
live
in
him
should
live
just
as
Jesus
did.
A
new
commandment
Dear
friends,
it
is
no
new
command
that
I
am
writing
to
you,
but
an
old
command,
which
you
have
had
from
the
beginning.
That
old
command
is
the
message
you
have
already
heard.
Yet,
in
a
way,
it
is
a
new
command
that
I
am
writing
to
you –
which
is
shown
true
in Christ’s
life
and
in
yours –
for
the
darkness
is
passing
away
and
the
true
light
is
already
shining.
The
person
who
says
that
they
are
in
the
light,
and
yet
hates
others,
is
still
in
the
darkness.
The
person
who
loves
others
is
always
in
the
light,
and
there
is
nothing
within
them
to
cause
them
to
stumble.
The
person
who
hates
is
in
the
dark.
They
stumble
along
in
the
darkness;
they
do
not
know
where
they
are
going
because
the
darkness
blinds
them.
Those
who
know
God
should
not
love
the
world
Little
children,
I
am
writing
to
you
because
your
sins
have
been
forgiven
for Christ’s
sake.
Parents,
I
am
writing
to
you
because
you
have
come
to
know
him
who
has
been
from
the
beginning.
Young
people,
I
am
writing
to
you
because
you
have
conquered
the
evil
one.
Children,
I
write
to
you
because
you
have
come
to
know
the
Father.
Parents,
I
write
to
you
because
you
have
learned
to
know
him
who
has
been
from
the
beginning.
Young
people,
I
write
to
you
because
you
are
strong,
and
God’s
message
is
always
in
your
hearts,
and
you
have
conquered
the
evil
one.
Do
not
love
the
world
or
what
the
world
can
offer.
When
anyone
loves
the
world,
there
is
no
love
for
the
Father
in
them.
For
all
that
the
world
can
offer –
the
desires
for
physical
pleasure,
the enticements
to
the
eye,
the
arrogance
of
wealth –
belongs,
not
to
the
Father,
but
to
the
world.
And
the
world,
and
all
that
it gratifies,
is
passing
away,
but
they
who
do
God’s
will
remain
for
ever.
Warnings
against
an antichrist
My
children,
it
is
the
last
hour.
You
were
told
that
an antichrist
was
coming;
and
many antichrists
have
already
arisen.
This
is
why
we
know
that
this
is
the
last
hour.
These
people
come
from
our
ranks,
but
they
were
never
truly
part
of
us –
if
they
had
been
then
they
would
have
stayed
with
us.
They
left
so
it
would
be
clear
that
none
of
them
really
belonged
to
us.
You,
however,
have
been annointed
by
the
Holy
One.
You
all
know
the
truth.
I
am
not
writing
to
you
because
you
do
not
know
the
truth,
but
because
you
do
know
it,
and
because
no
lie
can
come
from
the
truth.
Who
is
a
liar,
if
not
the
one
who denies
that
Jesus
is
the
Christ?
That
person
is
the antichrist –
one
who
rejects
the
Father
and
the
Son.
No
one
who
rejects
the
Son
has
the
Father;
to
acknowledge
the
Son
is
to
have
the
Father
also.
As
for
you,
you
must
let
what
you
have
heard
from
the
beginning
continue
to
live
in
you.
If
what
you
heard
from
the
beginning
dwells
in
you,
you
will
remain
both
in
the
Son
and
the
Father.
And
this
is
what
he
himself
promised
us –
eternal
life!
In
writing
this
to
you,
I
have
in
mind
those
who
are
trying
to
mislead
you.
As
for
you,
the
anointing
which
you
received
from
him
remains
with
you.
You
do
not
need
anyone
to
teach
you.
His
anointing
teaches
you
about
everything.
What
it
teaches
you
is
true,
it
is
not
a
lie.
Do
what
it
has
taught
you:
abide
in
him.
Yes,
my
children,
remain
in
him,
so
that
when
he
appears
our
confidence
doesn’t
fail
us,
and
we
are
not
ashamed
to
meet
him
at
his
coming.
Since
you
know
he
is
righteous,
you
realize
that
everyone
who
does
what
is
right
is
his
child.
God’s Children
See
what
great
love
the
Father
has
lavished
on
us:
he
lets
us
be
called
God’s
children!
For
that
is
what
we
are.
The
reason
why
the
world
does
not
know
us
is
that
it
has
not
learned
to
know
him.
Dear
friends,
we
are
God’s
children
now,
and
what
we
will
be
has
not
yet
been
revealed.
What
we
do
know
is
that,
when
it
is
revealed,
we
will
be
like
him,
because
we
will
see
him
as
he
is.
And
just
as
he
is
pure,
everyone
who
has
this
hope,
makes
and
keeps
themselves
pure.
Everyone
who
lives
sinfully
is
living
in violation
of
God’s
law.
Sin
is lawlessness.
You
know
that Christ
appeared
to
take
away
our
sins
and
that
there
is
no
sin
in
him.
No
one
who
lives
in
him
continues
to
sin;
the
sinner
has
not
seen
or
known
him.
My
children,
don’t
let
anyone
mislead
you.
The
person
who
does
what
is
right
is
righteous,
just
as Christ
is
righteous.
The
person
who
lives
in
sin
is
a
child
of
the
devil,
for
the
devil
has
been
sinning
from
the
beginning.
To
undo
the devil’s
work
is
the
reason
the
Son
of
God
appeared.
No
child
of
God
sins,
because
God’s nature
dwells
in
them.
They
can’t
live
in
sin,
because
they
are
God’s
children.
By
this
it
is
made
clear
who
are
the
children
of
God
and
who
are
the devil’s:
anyone
who
doesn’t
do
what
is
right
or
doesn’t
love
others
is
not
a
child
of
God.
For
this
is
the
message
we
heard
from
the
beginning:
we
are
to
love
one
another.
We
must
not
be
like
Cain,
who
belonged
to
the
evil
one
and
murdered
his
brother.
Why
did
he
kill
him?
Because
his
actions
were
evil,
and
his
brother’s
were
righteous.
Love
each
other
Do
not
be suprised,
friends,
if
the
world
hates
you.
We
know
that
we
have
passed
out
of
death
into
life,
because
we
love
each
other.
The
person
who
does
not
love
remains
in
a
state
of
death.
The
person
who
hates
another
is
a
murderer,
and
you
know
that
no
murderer
has
eternal
life
dwelling
within
them.
This
is
how
we
know
what
love
is: Christ
gave
his
life
for
us.
So
we
should
lay
down
our
own
lives
for
each
other.
If
anyone
has
material
possessions,
and
sees
one
of
our
own
in
need,
but
closes
their
heart
against
that
person,
how
can
it
be
said
that
the
love
of
God
is
within
them?
My
children,
our
love
must
not
be
mere
words
or
talk.
It
must
be
true
and
show
itself
in
actions.
This
is
how
we
will
know
we
belong
to
the
truth
and
reassure
ourselves
in
God’s
presence:
though
our
conscience
condemns
us,
God
is
greater
than
our
conscience
and
knows
everything.
Dear
friends,
if
our
conscience
does
not
condemn
us,
then
we
approach
God
with
confidence,
and
we
receive
from
him
whatever
we
ask,
because
we
are
keeping
his
commands,
and
are
doing
what
pleases
him.
His
command
is
that
we
should
believe
in
his
Son,
Jesus
Christ,
and
love
one
another,
as
Christ
commanded
us.
The
person
who
keeps
his
commands
dwells
in
God
and
God
dwells
in
them.
And
we
are
sure
he
lives
in
us
because
of
the
Spirit
he
has
given
us.
True and False Inspiration
Dear
friends,
do
not
trust
every
spirit,
but
test
the
spirits
to
see
whether
they
are
from
God,
because
many
false
prophets
have
gone
out
into
the
world.
This
is
the
way
to
recognize
the
Spirit
of
God:
those
who
acknowledge
Jesus
Christ
as
come
in
the
flesh
have
God’s
Spirit,
while
a
spirit
that
doesn’t
acknowledge
Jesus
isn’t
from
God.
Instead
it
is
the
spirit
of
the antichrist;
you
have
heard
that
it
was
coming,
and
it
is
now
already
in
the
world!
You,
my
children,
come
from
God,
and
you
have
successfully resisted
such
people
as
these,
because
he
who
is
in
you
is
greater
than
the
one
who
is
in
the
world.
Those
people
belong
to
the
world
and
therefore
they
speak
as
the
world
speaks,
and
the
world
listens
to
them.
We
come
from
God.
Whoever
knows
God
listens
to
us;
the
person
who
does
not
come
from
God
does
not
listen
to
us.
This
is
how
we
distinguish
the
spirit
of
truth
and
the
spirit
of
deception.
God
is
love
Dear
friends,
let
us
love
one
another,
because
love
comes
from
God
and
everyone
who
loves
is
a
child
of
God
and
knows
God.
Those
who
do
not
love
know
nothing
of
God,
for
God
is
love.
This
is
how
God
showed
his
love
among
us:
he
sent
his
one
and
only
Son
into
the
world
that
we
might
live
through
him.
This
is
what
love
is:
it
is
not
that
we
have
loved
God,
but
that
he
loved
us
and
sent
his
Son
to
be
an
atoning
sacrifice
for
our
sins.
Dear
friends,
since
God
loved
us
in
this
way,
we
should
love
one
another.
No
one
has
ever
seen
God,
but
if
we
love
one
another,
God
lives
in
us
and
his
love
reaches
perfection
within
us.
We
know
that
we
live
in
him,
and
he
lives
in
us,
because
he
has
given
us
a
measure
of
his
Spirit.
Moreover,
we
have
seen
for
ourselves
and
testify
that
the
Father
has
sent
the
Son
to
be
the
Savior
of
the
world.
Whoever
acknowledges
that
Jesus Christ
is
the
Son
of
God,
God
lives
in
them,
and
they
live
in
God.
And
so
we
have
come
to
know
and
believe
the
love
which
God
has
for
us.
God
is
love;
and
whoever
lives
in
love
lives
in
God,
and
God
lives
in
them.
This
is
the
way
love
has
reached
its
perfection
among
us,
so
that
we
may
have
confidence
on
the
day
of
judgment,
because
in
this
world
we
are
like Christ.
There
is
no
fear
in
love;
perfect
love
drives
out
fear
because
fear
has
to
do
with
punishment.
So
anyone
who
is
afraid
has
not
reached
perfection
in
love.
We
love,
because
God
first
loved
us.
If
someone
says ‘I
love
God,’
and
yet
hates
others,
they
are
a
liar.
For
the
person
who
does
not
love
their
brother
or
sister,
whom
they
have
seen,
cannot
love
God,
whom
they
have
not
seen.
Indeed,
we
have
this
command
from Christ:
Those
who
love
God
must
also
love
each
other.
Faith and Confidence
Everyone
who
believes
that
Jesus
is
the
Christ
is
a
child
of
God,
and
everyone
who
loves
a parent
loves
his
child.
By
this
we
know
that
we
love
God’s
children –
when
we
love
God
and
carry
out
his
commands.
For
to
love
God
is
to
do
what
he
commands
and
his
commands
are
not
a
burden,
for
whatever
is
born
of
God
overcomes
the
world.
What
is
the
victory
by
which
the
world
is
overcome?
Our
faith!
Who
can
overcome
the
world
but
the
person
who
believes
that
Jesus
is
the
Son
of
God?
Jesus
Christ,
the
one
who
came
by
water
and
blood –
not
by
water
only
but
by
water
and
blood –
and
the
Spirit
testifies
to
this
because
the
Spirit
is
truth.
Indeed
three
testify:
the
Spirit,
the
water,
and
the
blood,
and
these
three
agree.
We
accept
human
testimony,
surely
God’s
testimony
is
even
stronger!
And
God’s
testimony
is
the
testimony
he
has
given
about
his
Son.
The
person
who
believes
in
the
Son
of
God
has
that
testimony
within
them.
The
person
who
does
not
believe
God
has
made
God
a
liar,
by
not
believing
the
testimony
God
has
given
about
his
Son.
And
this
is
that
testimony:
God
gave
us
eternal
life,
and
this
life
is
in
his
Son.
Whoever
has
the
Son
has
life;
whoever
who
doesn’t
have
God’s
Son
does
not
have
life.
Final
words
I
have
written
these
things
to
you
who
believe
in
the
name
of
God’s
Son,
so
that
you
may
know
that
you
have
eternal
life.
We
can
approach
him
with
this
confidence,
that
whenever
we
ask
anything
that
is
in
accordance
with
his
will,
he
listens
to
us.
And
if
we
know
he
hears
us –
whatever
we
ask –
we
know
also
that
what
we
ask
for
is
ours.
If
anyone
sees
one
of
our
people
committing
some
sin
that
is
not
a
sin
leading
to
death,
they
should
ask,
and
God
will
give
them
life.
I
refer
to
those
whose
sin
does
not
lead
to
death.
There
is
a
sin
that
leads
to
death.
I
am
not
saying
that
you
should
pray
about
that.
All
wrongdoing
is
sin,
but
there
is
sin
that
does
not
lead
to
death.
We
know
that
those
who
have
been
born
of
God
do
not
keep
sinning.
God
protects
his
children
and
the
evil
one
cannot
get
hold
of
them.
We
know
that
we
are
God’s
children,
though
the
whole
world
lies
in
the
power
of
the
evil
one.
We
also
know
that
the
Son
of
God
has
come
and
has
given
us
understanding,
so
that
we
may
know
the
true
God –
and
we
are
in
him
who
is
true,
by
being
in
his
Son
Jesus
Christ.
He
is
the
true
God
and
eternal
life.
My
children,
guard
yourselves
against
false ideas
of
God.
2 John
John’s Second Letter
2 John
John’s Second Letter
Greetings
From
the
elder,
to
the
lady
chosen
by
God
and
her
children.
I
truly
love
you
all,
and
I
am
not
the
only
one
but
all
who
know
the
truth
love
you
as
well.
We
love
you
for
the
sake
of
the
truth,
which
lives
in
us
and
will
be
with
us
forever.
Grace,
mercy,
and
peace
will
be
ours –
the
gift
of
God,
the
Father,
and
of
Jesus
Christ,
the
Father’s
Son –
in
truth
and
love.
Live
in
truth
and
love
It
was
a
great
joy
to
me
to
find
the
lives
of
some
of
your
children
guided
by
the
truth,
in
obedience
to
the
command
that
we
received
from
the
Father.
And
now
I
implore
you,
dear
lady,
let
us
love
one
another
This
is
not
a
new
command
I
am
writing
to
you.
It
is
the
command
we
have
had
from
the
beginning. –
Let
us
love
one
another.
And
this
is
love –
to
live
in
obedience
to
the
Father’s
commands.
This
is
the
command
as
you
learned
from
the
beginning,
to
live
a
life
of
love.
I
say
this
because
many
deceivers
have
gone
out
into
the
world –
men
who
do
not
acknowledge
that
Jesus
Christ
came
in
flesh
and
blood.
Any
such
person
is
a
deceiver
and antichrist.
Take
care
so
that
you
do
not
what
we
have
worked
for
but
instead
receive
your
full
reward.
Anyone
who
goes
beyond
and
fails
to
live
inside
of
the
teaching
of
Christ
does
not
have
God.
The
person
who
lives
inside
that
teaching –
they
have
both
the
Father
and
the
Son.
If
anyone
comes
to
you
and
does
not
bring
this
teaching,
do
not
receive
them
into
your
house
or
even
welcome
them;
because
the
person
who welcomes
them
is
sharing
with
them
in
his
evil
work.
Final
words
Though
I
have
many
other
things
to
tell
you,
I
would
rather
not
use
paper
and
ink.
Instead
I
hope
to
come
and
see
you,
and
to
speak
with
you
face
to
face,
so
that
our
joy
may
be
complete.
The
children
of
your
sister,
who
is
chosen
by
God,
send
you
their greetings.
3 John
John’s Third Letter
3 John
John’s Third Letter
Greetings
From
the
elder
to
his
dear
friend
Gaius,
whom
he
sincerely
loves.
Dear
friend,
I
pray
that
all
may
be
well
with
you
and
that
you
may
have
good
health –
I
know
that
all
is
well
with
your
soul.
For
it
was
a
great
joy
to
me,
when
some
followers
of
the
Lord
came
and
testified
to
your
fidelity
to
the
truth.
I
know
that
your
own
life
is
guided
by
the
truth.
Nothing
gives
me
greater
pleasure
than
to
hear
from
time
to
time
that
the
lives
of
my
children
are
guided
by
the
truth.
Gaius
Dear
friend,
you
are
faithful
in
all
the
things
you
do
for
other
followers –
even
when
they
are
strangers
to
you.
They
themselves
have
testified
before
the
church
to
your
love.
You
will
do
well
to
help
them
on
their
way
in
a
manner
worthy
of
the
service
of
God.
For
it
was
on
behalf
of Christ’s
name
that
they
set
out,
not
accepting
even
one
thing
from
the
Gentiles.
Therefore,
we
should
support
people
like
them,
and
so
take
our
share
in
their
work
for
the
truth.
Diotrephes
and Demetrius
I
wrote
something
to
the
church,
but
Diotrephes (who
loves
to
be
the
leader
among
them)
doesn’t
welcome
us.
So
if
I
come,
I
will
bring
up
his
actions
in
telling
wicked
nonsense
about
us.
Not
content
with
that,
he
not
only
refuses
to
personally
welcome
our
friends
who
are
followers,
but
actually
stops
those
who
would,
and expels
them
from
the
church.
Dear
friend,
do
not
follow
a
bad
example,
but
a
good
one.
The
person
who
does
what
is
good
is
from
God;
the
person
who
does
what
is
bad
has
never
seen
God.
Everyone
has
always
had
a
good
word
for
Demetrius,
and
the
truth
itself
speaks
for
him.
Yes,
and
we
also
add
our
good
word,
and
you
know
that
what
we
say
is
true.
Final
words
I
have
many
things
to
tell
you,
but
I
would
rather
not
use
pen
and
ink.
I
hope
to
see
you
soon,
and
then
we
will
speak
face
to
face.
Peace
be
with
you.
The
friends
here
send
you
their greetings.
Greet
each
one
of
our
friends.
Jude
The Letter from Jude
Jude
The Letter from
Jude
Introduction
To
those
who,
having
received
the
call,
have
been
loved
by
God
the
Father
and
protected
by
Jesus
Christ,
From
Jude,
a
servant
of
Jesus
Christ,
and
the
brother
of
James.
May
mercy,
peace,
and
love
be
yours
in
ever
increasing
measure.
Warnings
against
moral
corruption
Dear
friends,
while
I
was
making
every
effort
to
write
to
you
about
our
common
salvation,
I
felt
that
I
must
write
to
you
at
once
to
encourage
you
to
fight
in
defense
of
the
faith
that
has
once
for
all
been
entrusted
to
the
keeping
of
Christ’s
people.
For
there
have
crept
in
among
you
certain
godless
people,
whose
sentence
has
long
since
been
pronounced,
and
who
make
the
mercy
of
God
an excuse
for profligacy,
and disown
our
only
lord
and
master,
Jesus
Christ.
Now
I
want
to
remind
you –
but
you
already
know
it
all –
that,
though
the
Lord
delivered
the
people
from
Egypt,
yet
he
afterward
destroyed
those
who
refused
to
believe
in
him;
and
that
even
those
angels,
who
did
not
keep
to
their
appointed spheres,
but
left
their
proper
homes,
have
been
kept
by
him
for
the
judgment
of
the
great
day
in
everlasting
chains
and
black
darkness.
Like
Sodom
and
Gomorrah
and
the
towns
near
them,
which
gave
themselves
up
to
fornication,
and
fell
into unnatural vice,
these
angels
now
stand
out
as
a
warning,
undergoing,
as
they
are,
punishment
in
eternal
fire.
Yet
in
the
same
way
these
people,
too, cherishing
vain
dreams,
pollute
our
human nature,
reject
control,
and malign
the celestial
beings.
Yet
even
Michael,
the archangel,
when,
in
his
dispute
with
the
devil,
he
was
arguing
about
the
body
of
Moses,
did
not
venture
to
charge
him
with maligning,
but
said
merely ‘The
Lord
rebuke
you!’
But
these
people malign
whatever
they
do
not
understand;
while
they
use
such
things
as
they
know
by
instinct (like
the
animals
that
have
no
reason)
for
their
own
corruption.
Alas
for
them!
They
walk
in
the
steps
of
Cain;
led
astray
by
Balaam’s
love
of
gain,
they
plunge
into
sin,
and
meet
their
ruin
through
rebellion
like
Korah.
These
are
the
people
who
are blots
on
your ‘love-feasts,’
when
they
feast
together
and
provide
without scruple
for
themselves
alone.
They
are
clouds
without
rain,
driven
before
the
winds;
they
are leafless
trees
without
a vestige
of
fruit,
dead
through
and
through,
torn
up
by
the
roots;
they
are
wild
sea
waves, foaming
with
their
own
shame;
they
are ‘wandering
stars,’
for
which
the blackest
darkness
has
been
reserved
for
ever.
To
these
people,
as
to
others,
Enoch,
the
seventh
in
descent
from
Adam,
declared – ‘See!
The
Lord
has
come
with
his
hosts
of
holy
ones
around
him,
to
execute
judgment
on
all
people,
and
to
convict
all
godless
people
of
all
their
godless
acts,
which
in
their
ungodliness
they
have
committed,
and
of
all
the
harsh
words
which
they
have
spoken
against
him,
godless
sinners
that
they
are!’
These
people
are
always murmuring,
and
complaining
of
their
lot;
they
follow
where
their
passions
lead
them;
they
have
arrogant
words
on
their
lips;
and
they
flatter
others
for
the
sake
of
what
they
can
get
from
them.
But
you
should,
dear
friends,
recall
what
was foretold
by
the apostles
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ;
how
they
used
to
say
to
you – ‘As
time
draws
to
an
end,
there
will
be
scoffers,
who
will
be
led
by
their
godless
passions.’
These
are
the
people –
animal
and unspiritual –
who
cause
divisions.
But
you
must,
dear
friends,
build
up
your characters
on
the
foundation
of
your
most
holy
faith,
pray
under
the
guidance
of
the
Holy
Spirit,
and
keep
within
the
love
of
God,
while
waiting
for
the
mercy
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
to
bring
you
to
eternal
life.
To
some
show
pity,
because
they
are
in
doubt. ‘Drag
them
out
of
the
fire,’
and
save
them.
To
others
show
pity,
but
with caution,
hating
the
clothing
polluted
by
their
touch.
Ascription
To
him
who
is
able
to
guard
you
from
falling,
and
to
bring
you
into
his
glorious
presence,
blameless
and
rejoicing –
to
the
one
God,
our
Savior,
be
ascribed,
through
Jesus
Christ,
our
Lord,
glory,
majesty,
power,
and
dominion,
as
it
was
before
time
began,
is
now,
and
will
be
for
all
time
to
come.
Amen.
Revelation
The Revelation to John
Revelation
The Revelation to John
The
Revelation
of
Jesus
Christ,
which
God
gave
to
him
to
make
known
to
his
servants,
concerning
what
must
shortly
take
place,
and
which
he
sent
and
revealed
by
his
angel
to
his
servant
John,
who
testified
to
the
message
of
God
and
to
the
testimony
to
Jesus
Christ, omitting
nothing
of
what
he
had
seen.
Blessed
is
the
one
who
reads,
and
blessed
are
they
who
listen
to,
the
words
of
this
prophecy,
and
lay
to
heart
what
is
here
written;
for
the
time
is
near.
Messages
to
the
Seven Churches
From
John,
to
the
seven
churches
which
are
in Roman
Asia.
Blessing
and
peace
be
yours
from
him
who
is,
and
who
was,
and
who
will
be,
and
from
the
seven
spirits
that
are
before
his
throne,
and
from
Jesus
Christ,
the
faithful
witness,
the
firstborn
from
the
dead,
and
the
Ruler
of
all
the
kings
of
the
earth.
To
him
who
loves
us
and
freed
us
from
our
sins
by
his
own
blood –
and
he
made
us
a
kingdom
of
priests
in
the
service
of
God,
his
Father! –
to
him
be
ascribed
glory
and
dominion
for
ever.
Amen.
He
is
coming
among
the
clouds!
Every
eye
will
see
him,
even
those
who
pierced
him
and
all
the
nations
of
the
earth
will
mourn
over
him.
So
will
it
be.
Amen.
‘I
am
the Alpha
and
the
Omega,’
says
the
Lord,
the
God
who
is,
and
who
was,
and
who
will
be,
the
Almighty.
p
I,
John,
who
am
your
brother,
and
who
share
with
you
in
the
suffering
and
kingship
and
endurance
of
Jesus,
found
myself
on
the
island
called
Patmos,
for
the
sake
of
the
message
of
God
and
the
testimony
to
Jesus.
I
fell
into
a trance
on
the
Lord’s
day,
and
I
heard
behind
me
a
loud
voice,
like
the
blast
of
a
trumpet.
It
said –
‘Write
what
you
see
in
a
book
and
send
it
to
the
seven
churches,
to
Ephesus,
Smyrna, Pergamus,
Thyatira,
Sardis,
Philadelphia,
and
Laodicea.’
I
turned
to
see
what
voice
it
was
that
spoke
to
me;
and
when
I
turned,
I
saw
seven
golden
lamps,
and
in
the
midst
of
the
lamps
one
like
a
man,
in
a
robe
reaching
to
his
feet,
and
with
a
golden
sash
across
his
breast.
The
hair
of
his
head
was
as
white
as
wool,
as
white
as
snow;
his
eyes
were
like
flaming
fire;
and
his
feet
were
like
brass
as
when
molten
in
a
furnace;
his
voice
was
like
the
sound
of
many
streams,
in
his
right
hand
he
held
seven
stars,
from
his
mouth
came
a
sharp
two-edged
sword,
and
his
face
was
like
the
sun
in
the
fulness
of
its
power.
And,
when
I
saw
him,
I
fell
at
his
feet
like
one
dead.
He
laid
his
hand
on
me
and
said –
‘Do
not
be
afraid.
I
am
the
First
and
the
Last,
the Everliving.
I
died,
and
I
am
alive
for
ever
and
ever.
And
I
hold
the
keys
of
death
and
of Hades.
Therefore
write
of
what
you
have
seen
and
of
what
is
happening
now
and
of
what
is
about
to
take
place –
the mystic
meaning
of
the
seven
stars
which
you
saw
in
my
right
hand,
and
the
seven
golden
lamps.
The
seven
stars
are
the
angels
of
the
seven
churches,
and
the
seven
lamps
are
the
seven
churches.
p
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Ephesus
write
These
are
the
words
of
him
who
holds
the
seven
stars
in
his
right
hand,
and
walks
among
the
seven
golden
lamps:
I
know
your
life,
your
toil
and
endurance,
and
I
know
that
you
cannot
tolerate
evildoers.
I
know,
too,
how
you
tested
those
who
declare
that
they
are apostles,
though
they
are
not,
and
how
you
proved
them
false.
You
possess
endurance,
and
have
borne
much
for
my
name,
and
have
never
grown
weary.
But
this
I
have
against
you –
You
have
abandoned
your
first
love.
Therefore
remember
from
what
you
have
fallen,
and
repent,
and
live
the
life
that
you
lived
before;
or
else,
I
will
come
and
remove
your
Lamp
from
its
place,
unless
you
repent.
But
this
is
in
your
favor –
You
hate
the
life
lived
by
the Nikolaitans,
and
I
also
hate
it.
Anyone
with
ears
should
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
To
him
who
conquers –
to
him
I
will
give
the
right
to
eat
the
fruit
of
the
Tree
of
life,
which
stands
in
the
Paradise
of
God.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Smyrna
write:
These
are
the
words
of
him
who
is
the
First
and
the
Last,
who
died,
but
is
restored
to
life:
I
know
your
persecution
and
your
poverty –
yet
you
are
rich!
I
know,
too,
the
slander
that
comes
from
those
who
declare
that
they
are
God’s
people,
2.9
God’s people: Literally ‘Jews.’ These people claimed to be God’s people because they were Jews.
though
they
are
not,
but
are
a
congregation
of
Satan.
Do
not
be
afraid
of
what
you
are
about
to
suffer.
The
devil
is
about
to
throw
some
of
you
into
prison
so
that
you
may
be
tempted,
and
may
undergo
persecution
for
ten
days.
Be
faithful
even
to
death,
and
I
will
give
you
the
Crown
of
life.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
Those
who
conquer
will
suffer
no
hurt
from
the
Second
Death.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in Pergamus
write:
These
are
the
words
of
him
who
holds
the
sharp
two-edged
sword:
I
know
where
you
live,
where
the
throne
of
Satan
stands.
And
yet
you
hold
to
my
name,
and
you
did
not disown
my
faith
even
in
the
days
of Antipas,
my
faithful
witness,
who
was
put
to
death
among
you
where
Satan
dwells.
Yet
I
have
a
few
things
against
you –
You
have
among
you
those
who
hold
to
the
teaching
of
Balaam,
who
taught
Balak
to
put
temptations
in
the
way
of
the
Israelites,
so
that
they
should
eat idol-offerings
and
commit licentious
acts.
Again
you
have
among
you
those
who
hold
in
the
same
way
to
the
teaching
of
the Nikolaitans.
Therefore
repent,
or
else,
I
will
come
quickly
and
contend
with
such
people
with
words
that
will
cut
like
a
sword.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
To
those
who
conquer –
to
them
I
will
give
a
share
of
the mystic
manna,
and
I
will
give
them
a
white
stone;
and
on
the
stone
will
be
inscribed
a
new
name,
which
no
one
knows
except
the
person
who
receives
it.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Thyatira
write:
These
are
the
words
of
the
Son
of
God,
whose
eyes
are
like
flaming
fire,
and
whose
feet
are
like
brass:
I
know
your
life,
your
love,
faith,
service,
and
endurance;
and
I
know
that
your
life
of
late
has
been
better
than
it
was
at
first.
Yet
I
have
this
against
you –
You
tolerate
the
woman
Jezebel,
who
declares
that
she
is
a
prophet,
and
misleads
my
servants
by
her
teaching,
until
they
commit licentious
acts
and
eat idol-offerings.
I
gave
her
time
to
repent,
but
she
is
determined
not
to
turn
from
her licentiousness.
Therefore
I
am
laying
her
on
a
bed
of
sickness,
and
bringing
great
suffering
on
those
who
are
unfaithful
with
her,
unless
they
repent
and
turn
from
a
life
like hers.
I
will
also
put
her
children
to
death;
and
all
the
churches
will
learn
that
I
am
he
who
looks
into
people’s
hearts
and
souls;
and
I
will
give
to
each
one
of
you
what
their
life
deserves.
But
I
say
to
the
rest
of
you
at
Thyatira –
all
who
do
not
accept
such
teaching,
whose
who
did
not
learn
the
secrets
of
Satan,
as
people
call
them –
I
am
not
laying
on
you
any
further
burden;
only
hold
fast
to
what
you
have
received,
until
I
come.
To
those
who
conquer
and
are
careful
to
live
my
life
to
the
end –
to
them
I
will
give
authority
over
the
nations,
and
they
will
rule
them
with
an
iron
rod,
as
when
earthen
vessels
are
broken
in
pieces (as
I
myself
have
received
from
my
Father)
and
I
will
give
them
the
morning
star.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Sardis
write:
These
are
the
words
of
him
who
has
the
seven
spirits
of
God
and
the
seven
stars; –
I
know
your
life,
and
that
people
say
of
you
that
you
are
living,
though
you
are
dead.
Be
on
the
watch,
and
strengthen
what
still
survives,
though
once
it
was
all
but
dead;
for
I
have
not
found
your
life
perfect
in
the
eyes
of
my
God.
Therefore
remember
what
you
have
received
and
heard,
and
lay
it
to
heart
and
repent.
Unless
you
are
on
the
watch,
I
will
come
like
a
thief,
and
you
will
not
know
at
what
hour
I
am
coming
to
you.
Yet
there
are
some
few
among
you
at
Sardis
who
did
not
soil
their
robes;
they
will
walk
with
me, robed
in
white,
for
they
are
worthy.
Those
who
conquer
will
be
clothed
in
these
white
robes,
and
I
will
not
strike
their
name
out
of
the
book
of
life;
but
I
will
own
them
before
my
Father,
and
before
his
angels.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Philadelphia
write:
These
are
the
words
of
him
who
is
holy
and
true,
who
holds
the
Key
of
David,
who
opens
and
no
one
will
shut,
and
shuts
and
no
one
opens:
I
know
your
life (see,
I
have
set
a
door
open
before
you
which
no
one
is
able
to
shut),
I
know
that,
though
you
have
but
little
strength,
you
kept
my
teaching
in
mind,
and
did
not disown
my
name.
Listen,
I
give
some
of
the
congregation
of
Satan,
the
people
who
declare
that
they
are
God’s
people,
3.9
God’s people: Literally ‘Jews.’ These people claimed to be God’s people because they were Jews.
though
they
are
not,
but
are
lying –
I
will
make
them
come
and
bow
down
at
your
feet,
and
they
will
learn
that
I
loved
you.
Because
you
kept
in
mind
the
story
of
my
endurance,
I
will
keep
you
in
the
hour
of
trial
that
is
about
to
come
on
the
whole
world,
the
hour
that
will
test
all
who
are
living
on
earth.
I
will
come
quickly.
Hold
to
what
you
have
received
so
that
no
one
may
take
your
crown.
Those
who
conquer –
I
will
make
them
a
pillar
in
the
Temple
of
my
God;
and
never
more
will
they
leave
it;
and
I
will
write
on
them
the
name
of
my
God
and
the
name
of
the
city
of
my
God,
the
New
Jerusalem,
which
is
coming
down
out
of
heaven
from
my
God,
and
I
will
write
on
them
my
new
name.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.
“To
the
angel
of
the
church
in
Laodicea
write:
These
are
the
words
of
the
Unchanging
One,
the
witness
faithful
and
true,
the
beginning
of
the
Creation
of
God:
I
know
your
life;
I
know
that
you
are
neither
cold
nor
hot.
If
only
you
were
either
cold
or
hot!
But
now,
because
you
are
lukewarm,
neither
hot
nor
cold,
I
am
about
to
spit
you
out
of
my
mouth.
You
say ‘I
am
rich
and
have
grown
rich,
and
I
want
for
nothing,’
and
you
do
not
know
that
you
are
wretched,
miserable,
poor,
blind,
naked!
Therefore
I
counsel
you
to
buy
from
me
gold
which
has
been
refined
by
fire
so
that
you
may
grow
rich;
and
white
robes,
so
that
you
may
be
clothed
and
your
shameful
nakedness
be
hidden;
and
ointment
to
anoint
your
eyes,
so
that
you
may
see.
All
whom
I
love
I
rebuke
and
discipline.
Therefore
be
in
earnest
and
repent.
I
am
standing
at
the
door
and
knocking!
If
anyone
hears
my
voice
and
opens
the
door,
I
will
go
in,
and
will
feast
with
them,
and
they
will
feast
with
me.
To
those
who
conquer –
to
them
I
will
give
the
right
to
sit
beside
me
on
my
throne,
as
I,
when
I
conquered,
took
my
seat
beside
my
Father
on
his
throne.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear
what
the
Spirit
is
saying
to
the
churches.”
The Vision of the Seven Seals
After
this,
in
my
vision,
I
saw
an
open
door
in
the
heavens,
and
the
first
voice
that
I
heard
was
like
the
blast
of
a
trumpet
speaking
to
me.
It
said – ‘Come
up
here
and
I
will
show
you
what
must
take
place.’
Immediately
after
this
I
fell
into
a trance.
There
stood
a
throne
in
heaven,
and
on
the
throne
was
One
seated.
He
who
was
seated
on
it
was
in
appearance
like
a
jasper
and
a
sardius;
and
around
the
throne
there
was
a
rainbow
of
the
color
of
an
emerald.
And
around
the
throne
were
twenty-four
other
thrones,
and
on
these
I
saw
twenty-four
elders
sitting
clothed
in
white
robes;
and
on
their
heads
they
had
crowns
of
gold.
Out
from
the
throne
come
flashes
of
lightning,
cries,
and
peals
of
thunder!
There
are
seven
torches
burning
in
front
of
the
throne,
which
are
the
seven
spirits
of
God;
and
in
front
of
the
throne
is
what
seemed
to
be
a
sea
of
glass,
resembling
crystal,
while
within
the
space
before
the
throne
and
around
the
throne
are
four
creatures
full
of
eyes
in
front
and
behind.
The
first
creature
is
like
a
lion,
the
second
creature
like
a
calf,
the
third
creature
has
a
face
like
a
man’s,
and
the
fourth
creature
is
like
an
eagle
on
the
wing.
These
four
creatures
have
each
of
them
six
wings,
and
all
around,
and
within,
they
are
full
of
eyes;
and
day
and
night
they
never
cease
to
say –
‘Holy,
holy,
holy
is
the
Lord,
our
God,
the
Almighty,
who
was,
and
who
is,
and
who
will
be.’
And,
whenever
these
creatures
give
praise
and
honor
and
thanks
to
him
who
is
seated
on
the
throne,
to
him
who
lives
for
ever
and
ever,
the
twenty-four
elders
prostrate
themselves
before
him
who
is
seated
on
the
throne,
and
worship
him
who
lives
for
ever
and
ever,
and
throw
down
their
crowns
before
the
throne,
saying –
‘Worthy
are
you,
our
Lord
and
God,
to
receive
all
praise,
and
honor,
and
power,
for
you
did
create
all
things,
and
at
your
bidding
they
came
into
being
and
were
created.’
Then
I
saw
at
the
right
hand
of
him
who
was
seated
on
the
throne
a
book,
with
writing
inside
and
out,
and
sealed
with
seven
seals;
and
I
saw
a
mighty
angel
who
was
proclaiming
in
a
loud
voice – ‘Who
is
worthy
to
open
the
book
and
break
its
seals?’
But
no
one
either
in
heaven
or
on
earth
or
under
the
earth
was
able
to
open
the
book
or
look
within
it.
At
this
I
wept
long,
because
no
one
could
be
found
who
was
worthy
to
open
the
book
or
look
within
it.
But
one
of
the
elders
said
to
me – ‘Do
not
weep.
The
Lion
conquered –
the
Lion
of
the
tribe
of
Judah,
the Scion
of
David –
and
can
therefore
open
the
book
with
its
seven
seals.’
Then,
within
the
space
between
the
throne
and
the
four
creatures,
and
in
the
midst
of
the
elders,
I
saw,
standing,
a
Lamb,
which
seemed
to
have
been
sacrificed.
It
had
seven
horns
and
seven
eyes. (These
eyes
are
the
seven
spirits
of
God,
and
they
are
sent
into
all
the
world.)
The
Lamb
came
forward;
and
he
has
taken
the
book
from
the
right
hand
of
him
who
was
seated
on
the
throne.
And,
when
he
had
taken
the
book,
the
four
creatures
and
the
twenty-four
elders
prostrated
themselves
before
the
Lamb,
each
of
them
holding
a
harp
and
golden
bowls
full
of
incense. (These
are
the
prayers
of Christ’s
people.)
And
they
are
singing
a
new
song –
‘You
are
worthy
to
take
the
book
and
break
its
seals,
for
you
were
sacrificed,
and
with
your
blood
you
did
buy
for
God
people
of
every
tribe,
and
language,
and
people,
and
nation,
and
did
make
them
a
kingdom
of
priests
in
the
service
of
our
God,
and
they
are
reigning
on
the
earth.’
Then,
in
my
vision,
I
heard
the
voices
of
many
angels
around
the
throne,
and
of
the
creatures,
and
of
the
elders.
In
number
they
were
ten
thousand
times
ten
thousand
and
thousands
of
thousands,
and
they
cried
in
a
loud
voice –
‘Worthy
is
the
Lamb
that
was
sacrificed
to
receive
all
power,
and
wealth,
and
wisdom,
and
might,
and
honor,
and
praise,
and
blessing.’
And
I
heard
every
created
thing
in
the
air,
and
on
the
earth,
and
under
the
earth,
and
on
the
sea,
and
all
that
is
in
them
crying –
‘To
him
who
is
seated
on
the
throne
and
to
the
Lamb
be
ascribed
all
blessing,
and
honor,
and
praise,
and
dominion
for
ever
and
ever.’
And
the
four
creatures
said ‘Amen,’
and
the
elders
prostrated
themselves
and
worshiped.
Then
I
saw
the
Lamb
break
one
of
the
seven
seals,
and
I
heard
one
of
the
four
creatures
crying
with
a
voice
like
thunder – ‘Come.’
And
in
my
vision
I
saw
a
white
horse.
Its
rider
held
a
bow,
and
he
was
given
a
crown,
and
he
went
out
conquering
and
to
conquer.
When
the
Lamb
broke
the
second
seal,
I
heard
the
second
creature
crying – ‘Come.’
Then
there
went
out
another
horse,
a
red
horse,
and
to
its
rider
was
given
the
power
to
deprive
the
earth
of
peace,
so
that
people
should
kill
one
another;
and
he
was
given
a
great
sword.
When
the
Lamb
broke
the
third
seal,
I
heard
the
third
creature
crying – ‘Come.’
And
in
my
vision
I
saw
a
black
horse.
Its
rider
held
scales
in
his
hand.
And
I
heard
what
seemed
to
be
a
voice,
coming
from
among
the
four
creatures,
crying – ‘A
quart
of
wheat
for
a
silver coin,
and
three
quarts
of
barley
for
a
silver coin!
But
do
not
harm
the
oil
and
the
wine.’
When
the
Lamb
broke
the
fourth
seal,
I
heard
the
voice
of
the
fourth
creature
crying – ‘Come.’
And
in
my
vision
I
saw
a grey
horse.
His rider’s
name
was
Death,
and Hades
rode
behind
him;
and
power
was
given
them
over
the
fourth
part
of
the
earth,
so
that
they
might
destroy
with
sword
and
famine
and
death,
and
by
means
of
the
wild
Beasts
of
the
earth.
When
the
Lamb
opened
the
fifth
seal,
I
saw
under
the
altar
the
souls
of
those
who
had
been
killed
for
the
sake
of
God’s
message
and
for
the
testimony
which
they
had
borne.
They
cried
in
a
loud
voice – ‘How
long,
Sovereign
Lord,
holy
and
true,
before
you
will
give
judgment
and
avenge
our
blood
on
all
who
are
living
on
the
earth?’
Then
to
each
of
them
was
given
a
white
robe,
and
they
were
told
to
rest
yet
a
little
longer,
until
the
number
of
their
fellow
servants
and
of
their
friends
in Christ’s
service
who
were
about
to
be
put
to
death,
as
they
had
been,
should
be
complete.
And
I
saw
the
Lamb
break
the
sixth
seal,
and
then
there
was
a
great
earthquake.
The
sun
became
black,
like
sackcloth,
and
the
moon,
which
was
at
its
full,
like
blood.
The
stars
of
the
heavens
fell
to
the
earth,
as
when
a
fig
tree,
shaken
by
a
strong
wind,
drops
its
unripe
fruit.
The
heavens
disappeared
like
a
scroll
when
it
is
rolled
up,
and
every
mountain
and
island
was
moved
from
its
place.
Then
all
the
kings
of
the
earth,
and
the
princes,
and
the
generals,
and
the
rich,
and
the
powerful,
and
every
slave
and
free
person,
hid
themselves
in
the
caves
and
under
the
rocks
of
the
mountains;
and
they
are
crying
to
the
mountains
and
the
rocks – ‘Fall
on
us,
and
hide
us
from
the
eyes
of
him
who
is
seated
on
the
throne,
and
from
the
wrath
of
the
Lamb,
for
the
great
day
of
their
wrath
is
come,
and
who
can
stand
to
meet
it?’
After
this,
I
saw
four
angels
standing
on
the
four
corners
of
the
earth, restraining
the
four
winds
of
the
earth,
so
that
no
wind
should
blow
over
the
earth,
or
over
the
sea,
or
against
any
tree.
And,
in
the
east,
I
saw
another
angel,
ascending,
holding
the
seal
of
the
living
God;
and
he
cried
in
a
loud
voice
to
the
four
angels,
to
whom
there
had
been
given
power
to
harm
the
earth
and
the
sea –
‘Do
not
harm
the
earth,
or
the
sea,
or
the
trees,
until
we
have
sealed
the
servants
of
our
God
on
their
foreheads.’
I
heard,
too,
the
number
of
those
who
had
been
sealed.
It
was
one
hundred
and
forty-four
thousand;
and
they
were
from
every
tribe
of
the
Israelites.
From
the
tribe
of
Judah
twelve
thousand
were
sealed,
from
the
tribe
of
Reuben
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Gad
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Asher
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of Napthali
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Manasseh
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Simeon
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Levi
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Issachar
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of Zebulon
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Joseph
twelve
thousand,
from
the
tribe
of
Benjamin
twelve
thousand
were
sealed.
After
this,
in
my
vision,
I
saw
a
vast
throng
which
no
one
could
number,
of
people
from
every
nation
and
of
all
tribes,
and
peoples,
and
languages.
They
stood
in
front
of
the
throne
and
in
front
of
the
Lamb, robed
in
white,
holding
palm
branches
in
their
hands.
And
they
are
crying
in
a
loud
voice –
‘Salvation
be
ascribed
to
our
God
who
is
seated
on
his
throne
and
to
the
Lamb.’
And
all
the
angels
were
standing
around
the
throne
and
the
elders
and
the
four
creatures,
and
they
prostrated
themselves
on
their
faces
in
front
of
the
throne
and
worshiped
God,
saying –
‘Amen.
Blessing
and
praise,
and
wisdom,
and
thanksgiving,
and
honor,
and
power,
and
might
be
ascribed
to
our
God
for
ever
and
ever.
Amen.’
Then
one
of
the
elders
turned
to
me
and
said ‘Who
are
these
who
are robed
in
white?
And
where
did
they
come
from?’
‘My
Lord,’
I
answered, ‘it
is
you
who
know.’
‘These,’
he
said, ‘are
they
who
come
through
the
Great
Persecution;
they
washed
their
robes
white
in
the
blood
of
the
Lamb.
And
therefore
it
is
that
they
are
before
the
throne
of
God,
and
are
serving
him
day
and
night
in
his
Temple;
and
he
who
is
seated
on
the
throne
will
shelter
them.
Never
again
will
they
be
hungry,
never
again
will
they
be
thirsty,
nor
will
the
sun
smite
them,
nor
any
scorching
heat;
for
the
Lamb
that
stands
in
the
space
before
the
throne
will
be
their
shepherd,
and
will
lead
them
to
life-giving
springs
of
water;
and
God
will
wipe
away
all
tears
from
their
eyes.’
As
soon
as
the
Lamb
had
broken
the
seventh
seal,
there
was
silence
in
heaven
for,
it
might
be,
half
an
hour.
Vision
of
Seven Trumpet-Blasts
Then
I
saw
the
seven
angels
who
stand
before
God,
and
seven
trumpets
were
given
to
them.
Next,
another
angel
came
and
stood
at
the
altar
with
a
golden
censer
in
his
hand;
and
a
great
quantity
of
incense
was
given
to
him,
to
mingle
with
the
prayers
of
all Christ’s
people
on
the
golden
altar
before
the
throne.
The
smoke
of
the
incense
ascended,
with
the
prayers
of Christ’s
people,
from
the
hand
of
the
angel
before
God.
Then
the
angel
took
the
censer,
and
filled
it
with
fire
from
the
altar,
and
threw
it
down
on
the
earth;
and
there
followed
peals
of
thunder,
cries,
flashes
of
lightning,
and
an
earthquake.
Then
the
seven
angels
holding
the
seven
trumpets
prepared
to
blow
their
blasts.
The
first
blew;
and
there
came
hail
and
fire
mixed
with
blood,
and
it
fell
on
the
earth.
A
third
part
of
the
earth
was
burnt
up,
and
a
third
of
the
trees,
and
every
blade
of
grass.
Then
the
second
angel
blew;
and
what
appeared
to
be
a
great
mountain,
burning,
was
hurled
into
the
sea.
A
third
of
the
sea
became
blood,
and
a
third
part
of
all
created
things
that
are
in
the
sea –
that
is,
of
all
living
things –
died,
and
a
third
of
the
ships
was
destroyed.
Then
the
third
angel
blew;
and
there
fell
from
the
heavens
a
great
star,
burning
like
a
torch.
It
fell
on
a
third
of
the
rivers
and
on
the
springs.
(The
star
is
called ‘Wormwood.’)
A
third
of
the
water
became
bitter
as
wormwood,
and
so
bitter
was
the
water
that
many
died
from
drinking
it.
Then
the
fourth
angel
blew;
and
a
third
of
the
sun
and
a
third
of
the
moon
and
a
third
of
the
stars
were
blasted,
so
that
a
third
of
them
was eclipsed,
and
for
a
third
part
of
the
day
there
was
no
light,
and
at
night
it
was
the
same.
And,
in
my
vision,
I
heard
an
eagle
flying
in mid-heaven
and
crying
in
a
loud
voice – ‘Woe,
woe,
woe
for
all
who
live
on
the
earth,
at
the
other trumpet-blasts
of
the
three
angels
who
have
yet
to
blow.’
Then
the
fifth
angel
blew;
and
I
saw
a
star
that
had
fallen
on
the
earth
from
the
heavens,
and
to
him
was
given
the
key
of
the bottomless
pit.
He
opened
the bottomless
pit,
and
from
the
pit
rose
a
smoke
like
the
smoke
of
a
great
furnace.
The
sun
and
the
air
grew
dark
because
of
the
smoke
from
the
pit.
Out
of
the
smoke
locusts
descended
on
the
earth,
and
they
received
the
same
power
as
that
possessed
by
scorpions.
They
were
told
not
to
harm
the
grass,
or
any
plant,
or
any
tree,
but
only
those
who
have
not
the
seal
of
God
on
their
foreheads.
Yet
they
were
not
allowed
to
kill
them,
but
it
was
ordered
that
those
men
should
be tortured
for
five
months.
Their torture
was
like
the torture
caused
by
a
scorpion
when
it
stings
a
person.
In
those
days
people
will
seek
Death
and
will
not
find
it;
They
will
long
to
die,
but
Death
flees
from
them.
In
appearance
the
locusts
were
like
horses
equipped
for
battle.
On
their
heads
there
were
what
appeared
to
be
crowns
that
shone
like
gold,
their
faces
resembled
human
faces,
and
they
had
hair
like
the
hair
of
a
woman,
their
teeth
were
like
lions’
teeth,
and
they
had
what
seemed
to
be
iron
breastplates,
while
the
noise
of
their
wings
was
like
the
noise
of
chariots
drawn
by
many
horses,
galloping
into
battle.
They
have
tails
like
scorpions,
and
stings,
and
in
their
tails
lies
their
power
to
harm
people
for
five
months.
They
have
as
their
king
the
angel
of
the bottomless
pit,
whose
name,
in
Hebrew,
is ‘Abaddon,’
while,
in
Greek,
his
name
is ‘Apollyon’ (the
Destroyer).
The
first
Woe
has
passed;
and
still
there
are
two
Woes
to
follow!
Then
the
sixth
angel
blew;
and
I
heard
a
voice
proceeding
from
the
corners
of
the
golden
altar
that
stood
before
God.
It
spoke
to
the
sixth
angel –
the
angel
with
the
trumpet –
and
said ‘Let
loose
the
four
angels
that
are
in
chains
at
the
great
river
Euphrates.’
Then
the
four
angels,
that
were
held
in
readiness
for
that
hour
and
day
and
month
and
year,
were
let
loose,
to
destroy
a
third
of
mankind.
The
number
of
the
hosts
of
cavalry
was
ten
thousand
times
ten
thousand,
twice
told;
I
heard
their
number.
And
this
is
what
the
horses
and
their
riders
appeared
to
be
like
in
my
vision:
They
had
breastplates
of
fire, blood-red
and sulphurous,
and
the
heads
of
the
horses
were
like
lions’
heads,
while
out
of
their
mouths
issue
fire,
and
smoke,
and
sulfur.
Through
these
three
curses
a
third
of
humanity
perished –
because
of
the
fire,
and
the
smoke,
and
the
sulfur
that
issued
from
their
mouths;
for
the
power
of
the
horses
lies
in
their
mouths
and
in
their
tails.
For
their
tails
are
like
snakes,
with
heads,
and
it
is
with
them
that
they
do
harm.
But
those
who
were
left
of
humanity,
who
had
not
perished
through
these
curses,
did
not
repent
and
turn
away
from
what
their
own
hands
had
made;
they
would
not
abandon
the
worship
of
demons,
and
of
idols
made
of
gold
or
silver
or
brass
or
stone
or
wood,
which
can
neither
see,
nor
hear,
nor
walk;
and
they
did
not
repent
of
their
murders,
or
their
sorceries,
or
their licentiousness,
or
their
thefts.
Then
I
saw
another
mighty
angel,
descending
from
heaven.
His
robe
was
a
cloud;
over
his
head
was
the
rainbow;
his
face
was
like
the
sun,
and
his
feet
like
pillars
of
fire;
in
his
hand
he
held
a
little
book
open.
He
set
his
right
foot
on
the
sea,
and
his
left
on
the
land;
and
he
cried
in
a
loud
voice
like
the
roaring
of
a
lion.
At
his
cry
the
seven
peals
of
thunder
spoke,
each
with
its
own
voice.
And,
when
they
spoke,
I
was
about
to
write;
but
I
heard
a
voice
from
heaven
say – ‘Keep
secret
what
the
seven
peals
of
thunder
said,
and
do
not
write
it
down.’
Then
the
angel,
whom
I
had
seen
standing
on
the
sea
and
on
the
land,
raised
his
right
hand
to
the
heavens,
and
swore
by
him
who
lives
for
ever
and
ever,
who
created
the
heavens
and
all
that
is
in
them,
and
the
earth
and
all
that
is
in
it,
and
the
sea
and
all
that
is
in
it,
that
time
should
cease
to
be.
Moreover
at
the
time
when
the
seventh
angel
will
speak,
when
he
is
ready
to
blow
his
blast,
then
the
hidden
purposes
of
God,
of
which
he
told
the
good
news
to
his
servants,
the
prophets,
are
at
once
fulfilled.
Then
came
the
voice
which
I
had
heard
from
heaven.
It
spoke
to
me
again,
and
said – ‘Go
and
take
the
book
that
is
open
in
the
hand
of
the
angel
who
stands
on
the
sea
and
on
the
land.’
So
I
went
to
the
angel
and
asked
him
to
give
me
the
little
book.
And
he
said ‘Take
it,
and
eat
it.
It
will
be
bitter
to
your
stomach,
but
in
your
mouth
it
will
be
as
sweet
as
honey.’
I
took
the
little
book
out
of
the angel’s
hand
and
ate
it,
and,
while
in
my
mouth,
it
was
like
the sweetest
honey;
but,
when
I
had
eaten
it,
it
was
bitter
to
my
stomach.
And
I
was
told – ‘You
must
prophesy
again
about
men
of
many
peoples,
and
nations,
and
languages,
and
about
many
kings.’
Then
I
was
given
a
measure
like
a
rod,
and
a
voice
said
to
me – ‘Go
and
measure
the
Temple
of
God
and
the
altar,
and
count
the worshiper
there.
But
omit
the
court
outside
the
Temple,
and
do
not
measure
that,
for
it
has
been
given
up
to
the
nations;
and
the
holy
City
will
be
under
their
heel
for
forty-two
months.
Then
I
will
give
permission
to
my
Two
Witnesses,
and
for
those
twelve
hundred
and
sixty
days
they
will
continue
teaching,
clothed
in
sackcloth.’
These
men
are represented
by
the
two
olive
trees
and
the
two
lamps
that
stand
before
the
Lord
of
the
earth.
When
anyone
wishes
to
harm
them,
fire
comes
from
their
mouths
and
consumes
their
enemies;
and
whoever
wishes
to
harm
them
will,
in
this
way, inevitably
perish.
These
men
have
the
power
to
close
the
heavens,
so
that
no
rain
may
fall
during
the
time
that
they
are
teaching;
and
they
have
power
to
turn
the
streams
into
blood,
and
to
smite
the
land
with
any
curse,
whenever
they
will.
As
soon
as
they
have
completed
their
testimony,
the
wild
Beast
that
ascends
from
the bottomless
pit
will
make
war
on
them
and
conquer
and
kill
them.
Their
dead
bodies
will
lie
in
the
streets
of
the
great
city,
which
is
mystically
spoken
of
as ‘Sodom’
and ‘Egypt,’
where
their
Master
was
crucified.
People
of
all
nations,
and
tribes,
and
languages,
and
races
look
at
their
dead
bodies
for
three
days
and
a
half,
and
do
not
allow
them
to
be
laid
in
a
grave.
Those
who
live
on
the
earth
rejoice
over
them
and
are
merry,
and
they
will
send
presents
to
one
another,
because
these
two
prophets
brought torments
on
those
who
live
on
the
earth.
After
three
days
and
a
half
the
life-giving
breath
of
God
entered
these
men,
and
they
stood
up
on
their
feet,
and
a
great
terror
took
possession
of
those
who
were
watching
them.
The
two
men
heard
a
loud
voice
from
heaven
which
said
to
them – ‘Come
up
here,’
and
they
went
up
to
heaven
in
the
cloud,
while
their
enemies
watched
them.
At
that
very
time
a
great
earthquake
occurred.
A
tenth
part
of
the
city
fell,
and
seven
thousand
people
perished
in
the
earthquake.
Those
who
escaped
were
much
terrified,
and
praised
the
God
of
heaven.
The
second
Woe
has
passed;
and
there
is
a
third
Woe
soon
to
follow!
Then
the
seventh
angel
blew;
and
loud
voices
were
heard
in
heaven
saying –
‘The
kingdom
of
the
world
has
become
the
kingdom
of
our
Lord
and
of
his
Christ,
and
he
will
reign
for
ever
and
ever.’
At
this
the
twenty-four
elders,
who
were
seated
on
their
thrones
before
God,
prostrated
themselves
on
their
faces
and
worshiped
him,
saying –
‘We
thank
you,
Lord,
our
God,
the
Almighty,
who
is
and
who
was,
that
you
have assumed
your
great
power
and
reigned.
The
nations
were
enraged,
and
your
wrath
fell
on
them;
the
time
came
for
the
dead
to
be
judged,
and
for
you
to
give
the
reward
to
your
servants
the
prophets,
and
to
the
people
of Christ,
and
to
those
who
honor
your
name –
the
high
and
the
low
alike –
and
to
destroy
those
who
are
destroying
the
earth.’
Then
the
Temple
of
God
in
heaven
was
opened,
and
the
ark
containing
his
covenant
was
seen
in
his
Temple;
and
there
followed
flashes
of
lightning,
cries,
peals
of
thunder,
an
earthquake,
and
a
great
storm
of
hail.
Vision of Seven Figures
Then
a
great portent
was
seen
in
the
heavens –
a
woman
whose
robe
was
the
sun,
and
who
had
the
moon
under
her
feet,
and
on
her
head
a
crown
of
twelve
stars.
She
was
pregnant;
and
she
is
crying
out
in
the
pain
and
agony
of
childbirth.
Another portent
also
was
seen
in
the
heavens
There
was
a
great
red
Dragon,
with
seven
heads
and
ten
horns,
and
on
his
heads
were
seven
diadems.
His
tail
draws
after
it
a
third
of
the
stars
in
the
heavens,
and
it
hurled
them
down
on
the
earth.
The
Dragon
is
standing
in
front
of
the
woman
who
is
about
to
give
birth
to
the
child,
so
that
he
may
devour
it
as
soon
as
it
is
born.
The
woman
gave
birth
to
a
son,
a
male
child,
who
is
destined
to
rule
all
the
nations
with
an
iron
rod;
and
her
child
was
at
once
caught
up
to
God
on
his
throne.
But
the
woman
fled
into
the
wilderness,
where
there
is
a
place
prepared
for
her
by
God,
to
be tended
there
for
twelve
hundred
and
sixty
days.
Then
a
battle
took
place
in
the
heavens.
Michael
and
his
angels
fought
with
the
Dragon.
But
though
the
Dragon,
with
his
angels,
fought,
he
did
not
prevail;
and
there
was
no
place
left
for
them
any
longer
in
the
heavens.
Then
the
great
Dragon,
the primeval
snake,
known
as
the ‘devil’
and ‘Satan,’
who
deceives
all
the
world,
was
hurled
down
to
the
earth,
and
his
angels
were
hurled
down
with
him.
And
I
heard
a
loud
voice
in
heaven
which
said –
‘Now
has
begun
the
day
of
the
salvation,
and
Power,
and
Dominion
of
our
God,
and
the
Rule
of
his
Christ;
for
the
Accuser
of
our
people
has
been
hurled
down,
he
who
has
been
accusing
them
before
our
God
day
and
night.
Their
victory
was
due
to
the
blood
of
the
Lamb,
and
to
the
message
to
which
they
bore
their
testimony.
In
their
love
of
life
they
shrank
not
from
death.
Therefore,
be
glad,
heaven,
and
all
who
live
in
heaven!
Alas
for
the
earth
and
for
the
sea,
for
the
devil
has
gone
down
to
you
in
great
fury,
knowing
that
he
has
but
little
time.’
When
the
Dragon
saw
that
he
was
hurled
down
to
the
earth,
he
pursued
the
woman
who
had
given
birth
to
the
male
child.
But
to
the
woman
were
given
the
two
wings
of
the
great
eagle,
so
that
she
might
fly
to
her
place
in
the
wilderness,
where
she
is
being tended
for
one
year,
and
for
two
years,
and
for
half
a
year
in
safety
from
the
snake.
Then
the
snake
poured
water
from
its
mouth
after
the
woman,
like
a
river,
so
that
it
might
sweep
her
away.
But
Earth
came
to
her
help,
and
opened
her
mouth
and
drank
up
the
river
which
the
Dragon
had
poured
out
of
its
mouth.
The
Dragon
was
enraged
at
the
woman,
and
went
to
fight
with
the
rest
of
her
offspring –
those
who
lay
to
heart
the
commands
of
God
and
bear
their
testimony
to
Jesus;
and
he
took
his
stand
on
the sea-shore.
Then
I
saw,
rising
out
of
the
sea,
a
wild
Beast
with
ten
horns
and
seven
heads.
On
its
horns
were
ten
diadems,
and
on
its
heads
were blasphemous
names.
The
Beast
that
I
saw
was
like
a
leopard;
but
its
feet
were
like
a bear’s,
and
its
mouth
like
the
mouth
of
a
lion.
The
Dragon
gave
it
his
power
and
his
throne,
and
wide
dominion.
One
of
its
heads
seemed
to
me
to
have
been
mortally
wounded,
but
its
deadly
wound
had
been
healed.
The
whole
earth
followed
the
Beast,
wondering;
and
men
worshiped
the
Dragon,
because
he
had
given
his
dominion
to
the
Beast;
while,
as
they
worshiped
the
Beast,
they
said – ‘Who
can
compare
with
the
Beast?
And
who
can
fight
with
it?’
The
Beast
was
given
a
mouth
that
spoke
proudly
and blasphemously,
and
it
was
empowered
to
work
its
will
for
forty-two
months.
It
opened
its
mouth
only
to
blaspheme
God,
to
blaspheme
his
name
and
his
tent –
those
who
live
in
his
tent
in
heaven.
It
had
been
permitted
to
fight
with Christ’s
people
and
to
conquer
them,
and
it
had
received
power
over
men
of
every
tribe,
and
people,
and
language,
and
nation.
All
who
are
living
on
earth
will
worship
it –
all
whose
names
have
not
been
written
in
the Lamb’s
book
of
life,
the
Lamb
that
has
been
sacrificed
from
the
foundation
of
the
world.
Let
those
who
have
ears
hear.
Whoever
is
destined
for
captivity
goes
into
captivity.
Whoever
will
kill
with
the
sword
must inevitably
be
killed
with
the
sword. (Here
there
is
need
for
endurance
and
faith
on
the
part
of
Christ’s
people.)
Then
I
saw,
rising
out
of
the
earth,
another
wild
Beast.
It
had
two
horns
like
those
of
a
lamb,
and
its
voice
was
like
a
dragon’s.
It
exercises
all
the
authority
of
the
first
Beast
under
its
eyes;
and
it
makes
the
earth
and
all
who
are
living
on
it
worship
that
first
Beast,
whose
mortal
wound
was
healed.
It
performs
great
marvels,
even
causing
fire
to
fall
from
the
heavens
to
the
earth,
before
people’s
eyes;
and
in consequence
of
the
marvels
which
it
was
allowed
to
perform
under
the
eyes
of
the
Beast,
it
is
able
to
deceive
all
who
are
living
on
the
earth.
It
tells
those
who
live
on
the
earth
to
make
a
statue
in
honor
of
the
Beast,
who,
despite
the
wound
from
the
sword,
yet
lived.
It
was
permitted
to
breathe
life
into
the
image
of
the
Beast,
so
that
the
image
of
the
Beast
might
speak;
and
it
was
also
permitted
to
cause
all
who
refused
to
worship
the
image
of
the
Beast
to
be
put
to
death.
High
and
low,
rich
and
poor,
free
and
enslaved –
it
causes
a
brand
to
be
put
on
the
right
hand
or
on
the
forehead
of
every
one
of
them,
so
that
no
one
is
able
to
buy
or
sell,
except
those
that
bear
this
brand –
either
the
name
of
the
Beast
or
the
number indicated
by
the
letters
of
his
name.
(Here
there
is
need
for
discernment.)
The
person
with
ability
can compute
the
number
of
the
Beast;
for
the
number indicates
a
person’s
name.
Its
number
is
six
hundred
and
sixty-six.
Then,
in
my
vision,
I
saw
the
Lamb
standing
on
Mount
Zion.
With
him
were
a
hundred
and
forty-four
thousand,
with
his
name
and
the
name
of
his
Father
written
on
their
foreheads.
And
I
heard
a
sound
from
heaven,
like
the
sound
of
many
waters,
and
like
the
sound
of
a
loud peal
of
thunder;
the
sound
that
I
heard
was
like
the
music
of
harpers
playing
on
their
harps.
They
are
singing
what
seems
to
be
a
new
song,
before
the
throne,
and
before
the
four
creatures
and
the
elders;
and
no
one
was
able
to
learn
that
song
except
the
hundred
and
forty-four
thousand
who
had
been
redeemed
from
earth.
These
are
the
men
who
never
defiled
themselves
in
their
intercourse
with
women;
they
are
as
pure
as
virgins.
These
are
the
men
who
follow
the
Lamb
wherever
he
goes.
They
were
redeemed
as
the first-fruits
of
mankind
for
God
and
for
the
Lamb.
No
lie
was
ever
heard
on
their
lips.
They
are
beyond
reach
of
blame.
Then
I
saw
another
angel,
flying
in mid-heaven.
He
had
the
good
news,
decreed
from
eternity,
to
announce
to
those
who
live
on
the
earth –
to
men
of
every
nation,
and
tribe,
and
language,
and
people;
and
he
cried
in
a
loud
voice – ‘Reverence
God,
and
give
him
praise (for
the
hour
of
his
judgment
has
come)
and
worship
him
who
made
the
heaven
and
the
earth
and
the
sea
and
all
springs
of
water.’
Then
a
second
angel
followed,
crying – ‘She
has
fallen!
She
has
fallen –
Babylon
the
Great,
who
has
made
all
the
nations
drink
the maddening
wine
of
her licentiousness!’
Then
a
third
angel
followed
them,
crying
in
a
loud
voice – ‘Whoever
worships
the
Beast
and
its
image,
and
receives
its
brand
on
his
forehead
or
on
his
hand,
that
person
will
drink
the maddening
wine
of
God
that
has
been
poured unmixed
into
the
cup
of
his
wrath,
and
they
will
be tortured
with
fire
and
sulfur
before
the
eyes
of
the
holy
angels
and
before
the
eyes
of
the
Lamb.
The
smoke
from
their torture
rises
for
ever
and
ever,
and
they
have
no
rest
day
nor
night –
those
who
worship
the
Beast
and
its
image,
and
all
who
are branded
with
its
name.’
(Here
there
is
need
for
endurance
on
the
part
of
Christ’s
people –
those
who
lay
to
heart
the
commands
of
God
and
the
faith
of
Jesus.)
Then
I
heard
a
voice
from
heaven
saying ‘Write: “Blessed
are
the
dead
who
from
this
hour
die
in
union
with
the
Lord.”’
“Yes,”
answers
the
Spirit, “that
they
may
rest
from
their
toil.
Their
good
deeds
go
with
them.”
Then,
in
my
vision,
I
saw
a
white
cloud,
and
on
the
cloud
there
was
sitting
one
like
a
man.
On
his
head
he
had
a
crown
of
gold,
and
in
his
hand
a
sharp
sickle.
Then
another
angel
came
out
from
the
Temple,
crying
in
a
loud
voice
to
him
who
was
sitting
on
the
cloud – ‘Take
your
sickle
and
reap,
for
the
time
to
reap
has
come;
the
Harvest
of
Earth
is
ready.’
He
who
was
sitting
on
the
cloud
brought
his
sickle
down
on
the
earth,
and
the
Harvest
of
Earth
was
reaped.
Then
another
angel
came
out
of
the
Temple
in
heaven;
he,
also,
had
a
sharp
sickle.
Then
another
angel
came
out
of
the
altar;
he
had
power
over
fire,
and
he
called
in
a
loud
voice
to
the
angel
that
had
the
sharp
sickle – ‘Take
your
sharp
sickle,
and
gather
the
bunches
from
the
vine
of
Earth,
for
its
grapes
are
ripe.’
The
angel
brought
his
sickle
down
on
the
earth
and
gathered
the
fruit
of
the
vine
of
Earth,
and
threw
it
into
the
great
winepress
of
the
wrath
of
God.
The
grapes
were
trodden
in
the
press
outside
the
city;
and
blood
came
out
of
the
press,
rising
as
high
as
the
bridles
of
the
horses
for
a
distance
of
two
hundred
miles.
Vision of Seven Curses
Then
I
saw
another portent
in
the
heavens –
a
great
and
marvelous portent –
seven
angels
with
the
seven
last
curses;
because
with
them
the
wrath
of
God
is
ended.
Then
I
saw
what
appeared
to
be
a
sea
of
glass
mixed
with
fire;
and,
standing
by
this
sea
of
glass,
holding
the
harps
of
God,
I
saw
those
who
had
come
victorious
out
of
the
conflict
with
the
Beast
and
its
image
and
the
number
that
formed
its
name.
They
are
singing
the
song
of
Moses,
the
servant
of
God,
and
the
song
of
the
Lamb –
‘Great
and
marvelous
are
your
deeds,
Lord,
our
God,
the
Almighty.
Righteous
and
true
are
your
ways,
eternal
King.
Who
will
not
honor
and
praise
your
name,
Lord?
You
alone
are
holy!
All
nations
will
come
and
worship
before
you,
for
your
judgments
have
become
manifest.’
After
this
I
saw
that
the
inmost
shrine
of
the
tent
of
testimony
in
heaven
was
opened,
and
out
of
it
came
the
seven
angels
with
the
seven
curses.
They
were
adorned
with
precious
stones,
pure
and
bright,
and
had
golden
girdles
around
their
breasts.
One
of
the
four
creatures
gave
the
seven
angels
seven
golden
bowls,
filled
with
the
wrath
of
God
who
lives
for
ever
and
ever.
The
Temple
was
filled
with
smoke
from
the
glory
and
majesty
of
God;
and
no
one
could
enter
the
Temple,
until
the
seven
curses
inflicted
by
the
seven
angels
were
at
an
end.
Then
I
heard
a
loud
voice,
which
came
from
the
Temple,
saying
to
the
seven
angels – ‘Go
and
empty
the
seven
bowls
of
the
wrath
of
God
on
the
earth.’
The
first
angel
went
and
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
earth;
and
it
turned
to
loathsome
and
painful
sores
on
all
who
bore
the
brand
of
the
Beast
and
who
worshiped
its
image.
Then
the
second
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
sea;
and
it
turned
to
blood
like
the
blood
of
a
corpse,
and
every
living
thing
died –
everything
in
the
sea.
Then
the
third
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
rivers
and
springs
of
water;
and
it
turned
to
blood.
And
I
heard
the
angel
of
the
Waters
saying – ‘Righteous
are
you,
you
who
is
and
who
is,
the
Holy
One,
in inflicting
this
judgment;
for
men
shed
the
blood
of Christ’s
people
and
of
the
prophets,
and
you
have
given
them
blood
to
drink.
It
is
what
they
deserve.’
And
I
heard
the
response
from
the
altar – ‘Yes,
Lord,
our
God,
the
Almighty,
true
and
righteous
are
they
judgments.’
Then
the
fourth
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
sun;
and
he
was
permitted
to
scorch
men
with
fire;
and
men
were
scorched
by
the
intense
heat.
They
blasphemed
the
name
of
God
who
controlled
these
curses,
yet
they
did
not
repent
and
give
him
praise.
Then
the
fifth
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
throne
of
the
Beast;
and
darkness
fell
on
its
kingdom.
Men
gnawed
their
tongues
for
pain,
and
blasphemed
the
God
of
heaven,
because
of
their
pains
and
because
of
their
sores;
yet
they
did
not
repent
of
what
they
had
done.
Then
the
sixth
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
great
river
Euphrates;
and
the
water
in
the
river
was
dried
up,
so
that
the
road
for
the
kings
of
the
East
might
be
made
ready.
And
I
saw
three
foul
spirits,
like
frogs,
come
from
the
mouth
of
the
Dragon
and
from
the
mouth
of
the
Beast
and
from
the
mouth
of
the
false
prophet.
They
are
the
spirits
of
demons,
and
perform
marvels;
they
go
to
kings
all
over
the
world,
to
collect
them
for
the
battle
on
the
great
day
of
Almighty
God.
(‘I
am
coming
like
a
thief!
Happy
will
he
be
who
is
on
the
watch,
and
keeps
his
clothing
at
hand,
so
that
he
will
not
have
to
walk
about unclothed
and
let
men
see
his
nakedness.’)
And
the
spirits
collected
the
kings
at
the
place
called
in
Hebrew ‘Har-Magedon.’
Then
the
seventh
angel
emptied
his
bowl
on
the
air. (A
loud
voice
came
from
the
throne
in
the
Temple;
it
said ‘All
is
over.’)
There
followed
flashes
of
lightning,
cries,
and
peals
of
thunder;
and
there
was
a
great
earthquake,
such
as
had
not
occurred
since
man
began
to
be
on
the
earth –
none
so
great;
and
the
great
city
was
torn
in
three,
and
the
cities
of
the
nation
fell,
and
God
remembered
Babylon
the
Great,
and
gave
her
the maddening wine-cup
of
his
wrath;
and
every
island
vanished,
and
the
mountains
disappeared.
Great
hailstones,
a
pound
in
weight,
are
falling
on
men
from
the
heavens.
And
men
blasphemed
God
because
of
the
curse
of
the
hail,
for
it
was
a
very
terrible
curse.
Doom of the Enemies of Christ
Then
one
of
the
seven
angels
who
held
the
seven
bowls
came
and
spoke
to
me. ‘Come
here,’
he
said, ‘and
I
will
show
you
the
sentence
passed
on
that
Great
Harlot
who
is
seated
at
the
meeting
of
many
waters,
and
with
whom
all
the
kings
of
the
earth
have
had licentious
intercourse;
while
all
who
live
on
the
earth
have
been
make
drunk
by
the
wine
of
her licentiousness.’
And
he
bore
me
away
in
a trance
to
a
lonely
place,
and
I
saw
a
woman
seated
on
a
scarlet
Beast,
which
was
covered
with blasphemous
names;
it
had
seven
heads
and
ten
horns.
The
woman
was
clothed
in
purple
and
scarlet,
and
glittering
with
gold
ornaments,
precious
stones,
and
pearls.
In
her
hand
she
held
a
gold
cup,
full
of
idolatrous
abominations,
and
the
unclean
fruits
of
her licentiousness;
while
on
her
forehead
there
was
written
this mystic
name – ‘BABYLON
THE
GREAT,
THE
MOTHER
OF
HARLOTS
AND
OF
ALL
IDOLATROUS
ABOMINATIONS
ON
EARTH.’
And
I
saw
the
woman
drunk
with
the
blood
of Christ’s
people
and
with
the
blood
of
the
martyrs
for
Jesus.
When
I
saw
her,
I
was
amazed
beyond
measure;
but
the
angel
said
to
me – ‘Why
were
you
amazed?
I
will
tell
you
the mystic
meaning
of
the
vision
of
this
woman,
and
of
the
Beast,
with
the
seven
heads
and
ten
horns,
that
carries
her.
The
Beast
that
you
saw
was,
but
is
not,
and
is
about
to
rise
out
of
the bottomless
pit,
and
is
on
its
way
to
destruction.
Those
who
are
living
on
earth
will
be
amazed –
those
whose
names
have
not
been
written
in
the
book
of
life
from
the
foundation
of
the
world –
when
they
see
that
the
Beast
was,
but
is
not,
and
yet
will
come.’
(Here
there
is
need
for
the
discerning
mind.)
The
seven
heads
are
seven
mountains
on
which
the
woman
is
seated.
They
are
also
seven
kings;
of
whom
five
have
fallen
and
one
remains,
while
one
is
not
yet
come.
When
he
comes,
he
must
stay
for
a
little
while.
So
must
the
Beast
that
was,
but
is
not.
He
counts
as
an
eighth
king,
although
he
is
one
of
the
seven,
and
is
on
his
way
to
destruction.
The
ten
horns
that
you
saw
are
ten
kings,
who
have
not
yet
received
their
kingdoms,
but
for
an
hour
they
receive
the
authority
of
kings,
together
with
the
Beast.
These
kings
are
of
one
mind
in surrendering
their
power
and
authority
to
the
Beast.
They
will
fight
with
the
Lamb,
but
the
Lamb
will
conquer
them,
for
he
is
Lord
of
lords
and
King
of
kings;
so,
too,
will
those
with
him
who
have
received
the
call
and
are
chosen
and
faithful.
And
the
angel
said
to
me – ‘The
waters
that
you
saw,
where
the
Harlot
is
seated,
are
throngs
of
people
and
men
of
all
nations
and
languages.
The
ten
horns
that
you
saw,
and
the
Beast –
they
will
hate
the
Harlot,
and
cause
her
to
become
deserted
and
strip
her
bare;
they
will
eat
her
flesh
and
utterly
consume
her
with
fire.
For
God
has
put
it
into
their
minds
to
carry
out
his
purpose,
in
carrying
out
their
common
purpose
and surrendering
their
kingdoms
to
the
Beast,
until
God’s
decrees
will
be
executed.
As
for
the
woman
whom
you
saw,
she
is
the
great
city
that
holds
sway
over
all
the
kings
of
the
earth.’
After
this
I
saw
another
angel,
descending
from
heaven, invested
with
great
authority;
and
the
earth
was
illuminated
by
his
splendor.
With
a
mighty
voice
he
cried – “She
has
fallen!
She
has
fallen –
Babylon
the
Great!
She
has
become
an
abode
of
demons,
a
stronghold
of
every
wicked
spirit,
a
stronghold
of
every
foul
and
hateful
bird.
For,
after
drinking
the maddening
wine
of
her licentiousness,
all
the
nations
have
fallen;
while
all
the
kings
of
the
earth
have
had licentious
intercourse
with
her,
and
the
merchants
of
the
earth
have
grown
rich
through
the
excess
of
her
luxury.”
Then
I
heard
another
voice
from
heaven
saying – “Come
out
of
her,
my
people,
so
that
you
may
not
participate
in
her
sins,
and
that
you
may
not
suffer
from
the
curses
inflicted
on
her.
For
her
sins
are heaped
up
to
the
heavens,
and
God
has
not
forgotten
her misdeeds.
Pay
her
back
the treatment
with
which
she
has
treated
you;
yes,
repay
twice
over
what
her
actions
deserve;
in
the
cup
which
she
mixed
for
you,
mix
for
her
as
much
again;
for
her self-glorification
and
her
luxury,
give
her
now
an
equal
measure
of torture
and
misery.
In
her
heart
she
says ‘I
sit
here
a
queen;
no
widow
am
I;
I
will
never
know
misery.’
Therefore
in
one
day
will
these
curses
strike
her –
death,
misery,
and
famine,
and
she
will
be
utterly
consumed
by
fire;
for
mighty
is
the
Lord
God
who
condemned
her.”
All
the
kings
of
the
earth
who
had licentious
intercourse
with
her
and
shared
her
luxury
will
weep
and
lament
over
her,
when
they
see
the
smoke
from
the
burning
city,
while
they
stand
at
a
distance,
horrified
at
her torture,
and
cry – “Alas!
Alas!
Great
city!
Mighty
city
of
Babylon!
In
a
single
hour
your
judgment
fell.”
And
the
merchants
of
the
earth
weep
and
wail
over
her,
because
no
longer
does
anyone
buy
their
cargoes –
their
cargoes
of
gold,
or
silver,
or
precious
stones,
or
pearls,
or
fine
linen,
or
purple
robes,
or
silk,
or
scarlet
cloth;
nor
their
many
scented
woods;
nor
their
many
articles
of
ivory;
nor
their
many
articles
of
choicest
wood,
or
brass,
or
iron,
or
marble;
nor
their
cinnamon,
or
spice,
or
incense,
or
perfumes,
or
frankincense,
or
wine,
or
oil,
or
fine
flour,
or
wheat,
or
cattle,
or
sheep;
nor
their
horses,
or
chariots,
or
slaves;
nor
the
bodies
and
souls
of
people.
The
fruit
that
your
soul
craved
is
no
longer
within
your
reach,
and
all
dainties
and luxuries
are
lost
to
you,
never
to
be
found
again.
The
merchants
who
sold
these
things,
and
grew
rich
by
her,
will
stand
at
a
distance
weeping
and
wailing,
horrified
at
her torture,
and
crying –
“Alas!
Alas!
Great
city!
City
clothed
in
fine
linen,
and
purple,
and
scarlet
cloth!
City
adorned
with
gold
ornaments,
and
precious
stones,
and
pearls!
In
a
single
hour
your
vast
wealth
vanished.”
Every ship’s
captain
and
all
who
sail
to
any
port,
and
sailors,
and
all
who
get
their
living
from
the
sea,
stood
at
a
distance,
and
seeing
the
smoke
from
the
burning
city,
cried – “What
city
can
compare
with
the
Great
city?”
They
threw
dust
on
their
heads,
and,
as
they
wept
and
wailed,
they
cried – “Alas!
Alas!
Great
city!
All
who
have
ships
on
the
sea
grew
rich
through
her magnificence.
In
a
single
hour
it
has
vanished.”
Rejoice
over
her,
heaven,
and
people
of Christ,
and apostles,
and
prophets,
for
God
has
avenged
you
on
her!
Then
a
mighty
angel
took
up
a
stone
like
a
great
millstone,
and
threw
it
into
the
sea,
crying – “So
will
Babylon,
the
great
city,
be
violently
overthrown,
never
more
to
be
seen.
No
more
will
the
music
of
harpers,
or minstrels,
or
flute
players,
or
trumpeters
be
heard
in
you,
no
more
will
any
worker,
skilled
in
any
art,
be
found
in
you;
no
more
will
the
sound
of
a
mill
be
heard
in
you;
no
more
will
the
light
of
a
lamp
shine
in
you;
no
more
will
the
voices
of
groom
and
bride
be
heard
in
you.
Your
merchants
were
the
great
men
of
the
earth,
for
all
the
nations
were
deceived
by
your magical
charms.”
Yes,
and
in
her
was
to
be
found
the
blood
of
the
prophets
and
of Christ’s
people,
and
of
all
who
have
been
put
to
death
on
the
earth.
After
this,
I
heard
what
seemed
to
be
a
great
shout
from
a
vast
throng
in
heaven,
crying –
‘Hallelujah!
To
our
God
belong
salvation,
and
glory,
and
Power,
for
true
and
righteous
are
his
judgments.
For
he
has
passed
judgment
on
the
Great
Harlot
who
was
corrupting
the
earth
by
her licentiousness,
and
he
has
taken
vengeance
on
her
for
the
blood
of
his
servants.’
Again
they
cried – ‘Hallelujah!’
And
the
smoke
from
her
ruins
rises
for
ever
and
ever.
Then
the
twenty-four
elders
and
the
Four
creatures
prostrated
themselves
and
worshiped
God
who
was
seated
on
the
throne,
crying – ‘Amen, Hallelujah!’;
and
from
the
throne
there
came
a
voice
which
said –
‘Praise
our
God
all
you
who
serve
him,
You
who
worship
him,
both
high
and
low.’
Then
I
heard
what
seemed
to
be
the
shout
of
a
vast
throng,
like
the
sound
of
many
waters,
and
like
the
sound
of
loud
peals
of
thunder,
crying –
‘Hallelujah!
For
the
Lord
is
king,
our
God,
the
Almighty.
Let
us
rejoice
and
exalt;
and
we
will
pay
him
honor,
for
the
hour
for
the
Marriage
of
the
Lamb
has
come,
and
his
Bride
has
made
herself
ready.
And
to
her
it
has
been
granted
to
robe
herself
in
fine
linen,
white
and
pure,
for
that
linen
is
the
good
deeds
of
the
people
of Christ.’
Then
a
voice
said
to
me ‘Write – “Blessed
are
those
who
have
been
summoned
to
the
marriage
feast
of
the
Lamb.”’
And
the
voice
said – ‘These
words
of
God
are
true.’
I
prostrated
myself
at
the
feet
of
him
who
spoke
to
worship
him,
but
he
said
to
me – ‘No!
I
am
your
fellow
servant,
and
the
fellow
servant
of
your
brothers
and
sisters
who
bear
their
testimony
to
Jesus.
Worship
God.
For
to
bear
testimony
to
Jesus
needs
the
inspiration
of
the
prophets.’
Then
I
saw
that
heaven
lay
open.
There
appears
a
white
horse;
its
rider
is
called ‘Faithful’
and ‘True’;
righteously
does
he
judge
and
make
war.
His
eyes
are
flaming
fires;
on
his
head
there
are
many
diadems,
and
he
bears
a
name,
written,
which
no
one
knows
but
himself;
he
has
been
clothed
in
a
garment
sprinkled
with
blood;
and
the
name
by
which
he
is
called
is ‘The
Word
of
God.’
The
armies
of
heaven
followed
him,
mounted
on
white
horses
and
clothed
in
fine
linen,
white
and
pure.
From
his
mouth
comes
a
sharp
sword,
with
which
to
smite
the
nations;
and
he
will
rule
them
with
an
iron
rod.
He
treads
the
grapes
in
the
press
of
the maddening
wine
of
the
wrath
of
Almighty
God;
and
on
his
robe
and
on
his
thigh
he
has
this
name
written – ‘KING
OF
KINGS
AND
LORD
OF
LORDS.’
Then
I
saw
an
angel
standing
on
the
sun.
He
cried
in
a
loud
voice
to
all
the
birds
that
fly
in mid-heaven – ‘Gather
and
come
to
the
great
feast
of
God,
to
eat
the
flesh
of
kings,
and
the
flesh
of
commanders,
and
the
flesh
of
mighty
men,
and
the
flesh
of
horses
and
their
riders,
and
the
flesh
of
all
free
and
enslaved,
and
of
high
and
low.’
Then
I
saw
the
Beast
and
the
kings
of
the
earth
and
their
armies,
gathered
together
to
fight
with
him
who
sat
on
the
horse
and
with
his
army.
The
Beast
was
captured,
and
with
him
was
taken
the
false
prophet,
who
performed
the
marvels
before
the
eyes
of
the
Beast,
with
which
he
deceived
those
who
had
received
the
brand
of
the
Beast
and
those
who
worshiped
his
image.
Alive,
they
were
thrown,
both
of
them,
into
the
lake
of
fire –
of
burning
sulfur.
The
rest
were
killed
by
the
sword
which
came
out
of
the
mouth
of
him
who
rode
on
the
horse;
and
all
the
birds
fed
on
their
flesh.
Then
I
saw
an
angel
coming
down
from
heaven,
with
the
key
of
the bottomless
pit
and
a
great
chain
in
his
hand.
He
seized
the
Dragon,
the primeval
snake (who
is
the ‘devil’
or ‘Satan’),
and
bound
him
in
chains
for
a
thousand
years.
He flung
him
into
the bottomless
pit
and
locked
it,
and
set
his
seal
on
it;
that
he
should
not
deceive
the
nations
any
more,
until
the
thousand
years
were
ended.
After
that
he
must
be
let
loose
for
a
while.
Then
I
saw
thrones,
and
to
those
who
took
their
seats
on
them
authority
was
given
to
act
as
judges.
And
I
saw
the
souls
of
those
who
had
been
beheaded
because
of
the
testimony
to
Jesus
and
because
of
the
message
of
God,
for
they
had
refused
to
worship
the
Beast
or
its
image,
and
had
not
received
the
brand
on
their
foreheads
and
on
their
hands.
They
were
restored
to
life,
and
they
reigned
with
the
Christ
for
a
thousand
years.
(The
rest
of
the
dead
were
not
restored
to
life
until
the
thousand
years
were
ended.)
This
is
the
first resurrection.
Blessed
and
holy
will
he
be
who
shares
in
that
first resurrection.
The
second
Death
has
no
power
over
them;
but
they
will
be
priests
of
God,
and
the
Christ,
and
they
will
reign
with
him
for
the
thousand
years.
When
the
thousand
years
are
ended,
Satan
will
be
let
loose
from
his
prison,
and
he
will
come
out
to
deceive
the
nations
that
live
in
the
four
corners
of
the
earth –
Gog
and
Magog.
He
will
come
to
gather
them
together
for
battle;
and
their
number
will
be
as
great
as
the
sand
on
the sea-shore.
They
went
up
over
the
breadth
of
the
whole
earth,
and
surrounded
the
camp
of Christ’s
people
and
the
city
that
he
loves.
Then
fire
fell
from
the
heavens
and
consumed
them;
and
the
devil,
their
deceiver,
was
hurled
into
the
lake
of
fire
and
sulfur,
where
the
Beast
and
the
false
prophet
already
were,
and
they
will
be tortured
day
and
night
for
ever
and
ever.
Then
I
saw
a
great
white
throne,
and
him
who
was
seated
on
it.
The
earth
and
the
heavens
fled
from
his
presence;
no
place
was
left
for
them.
And
I
saw
the
dead,
high
and
low,
standing
before
the
throne;
and
books
were
opened.
Then
another
book
was
opened,
the
book
of
life;
and
the
dead
were
judged,
according
to
their
actions,
by
what
was
written
in
the
books.
The
sea
gave
up
its
dead,
and
Death
and Hades
gave
up
their
dead;
and
they
were
judged,
one
by
one,
each
according
to
his
actions.
Then
Death
and Hades
were
hurled
into
the
lake
of
fire.
This
is
the
Second
Death –
the
lake
of
fire;
and
all
whose
names
were
not
found
written
in
the
book
of
life
were
hurled
into
the
lake
of
fire.
The New Creation
Then
I
saw
new
heavens
and
a
new
earth.
The
former
heavens
and
the
former
earth
had
passed
away;
and
the
sea
has
ceased
to
be.
And
I
saw
the
Holy
City,
Jerusalem,
descending
new
out
of
heaven
from
God,
like
a
bride
adorned
in
readiness
for
her
husband.
And
I
heard
a
loud
voice
from
the
throne,
which
said – ‘See!
The
tent
of
God
is
set
up
among
people.
God
will
live
among
them,
and
they
will
be
his
Peoples,
and
God
himself
will
be
among
them,
and
he
will
wipe
away
all
tears
from
their
eyes.
There
will
be
no
more
death,
nor
will
there
be
any
more
grief
or
crying
or
pain.
The
old
order
has
passed
away.’
And
he
who
was
seated
on
the
throne
said – ‘See,
I
make
all
things
new!’
And
he
said – ‘Write
this,
for
these
words
may
be
trusted
and
are
true.’
And
he
said
to
me – ‘They
are
fulfilled.
I
am
the Alpha
and
the
Omega,
the
beginning
and
the
End.
To
those
who
thirst
I
will
give
of
the
spring
of
the
water
of
life,
freely.
Those
who
conquer
will
enter
into
possession
of
these
things,
and
I
will
be
their
God,
and
they
will
be
my
children.
But
as
for cowards, unbelievers,
the
degraded,
murderers,
the
impure,
sorcerers,
idolaters,
and
all
liars –
their
place
will
be
in
the
burning
lake
of
fire
and
sulfur.
That
is
the
Second
Death.’
Then
one
of
the
seven
angels
who
had
the
seven
bowls,
and
were
laden
with
the
seven
last
curses,
came
and
spoke
to
me. ‘Come
here,’
he
said, ‘and
I
will
show
you
the
Bride,
the
Wife
of
the
Lamb.’
He
carried
me
away
in
a trance
to
a
great
high
mountain,
and
showed
me
Jerusalem,
the
Holy
City,
descending
out
of
heaven
from
God,
filled
with
the
glory
of
God.
Its
brilliance
was
like
a
precious
stone,
like
a
jasper, transparent
as
crystal.
It
had
a
great
high
wall,
in
which
were
twelve
gates;
and
at
these
gates
there
were
twelve
angels,
and
there
were
names
inscribed
on
the
gates,
the
names
of
the
twelve
tribes
of
the
Israelites.
There
were
three
gates
on
the
east,
three
gates
on
the
north,
three
gates
on
the
south,
and
three
gates
on
the
west.
The
wall
of
the
city
had
twelve
foundation
stones,
on
which
were
the
twelve
names
of
the
twelve apostles
of
the
Lamb.
And
the
angel
who
was
speaking
to
me
had
as
a
measure
a
gold
rod,
with
which
to
measure
the
city
and
its
gates
and
its
wall.
The
city
is
square;
the
length
and
the
breadth
are
the
same.
The
angel
measured
with
his
rod;
it
was
twelve
hundred
miles;
its
length,
and
breadth,
and
height
are
equal.
Then
he
measured
the
wall;
it
was
two
hundred
and
eighty-eight
feet,
as
people
measure,
that
is
as
the
angel
measured.
The
material
of
the
wall
of
the
city
was
jasper,
and
the
city
was
built
of
pure
gold,
which
shone
like
clear
glass.
The
foundations
of
the
wall
of
the
city
were
ornamented
with
every
kind
of
precious
stone.
The
first
foundation
stone
was
a
jasper;
the
second
a
sapphire;
the
third
a
chalcedony;
the
fourth
an
emerald;
the
fifth
a
sardonyx;
the
sixth
a
carnelian;
the
seventh
a
chrysolite;
the
eighth
a
beryl;
the
ninth
a
topaz;
the
tenth
a
chrysoprase;
the
eleventh
a hyacinth;
and
the
twelfth
an
amethyst.
The
twelve
gates
were
made
of
twelve
pearls,
each
gate
of
one
pearl.
The
street
of
the
city
was
of
pure
gold,
transparent
as
glass.
And
I
saw
no
Temple
there,
for
the
Lord,
our
God,
the
Almighty,
and
the
Lamb
are
its
Temple.
The
city
has
no
need
of
the
sun
or
the
moon
to
shine
on
it,
for
the
glory
of
God
illuminated
it,
and
its
Lamp
was
the
Lamb.
The
nations
walk
by
the
light
of
it;
and
the
kings
of
the
earth
bring
their
glory
into
it.
Its
gates
will
never
be
shut
by
day,
and
there
will
be
no
night
there.
And
people
will
bring
the
glory
and
honor
of
the
nations
into
it.
Never
will
any unhallowed
thing
enter
it,
nor
they
whose
life
is
shameful
and
false,
but
only
those
whose
names
have
been
written
in
the Lamb’s
book
of
life.
And
the
angel
showed
me
a
river
of
the
water
of
life,
as
clear
as
crystal,
issuing
from
the
throne
of
God
and
of
the
Lamb,
in
the
middle
of
the
street
of
the
city.
On
each
side
of
the
river
was
a
Tree
of
life
which
bore
twelve
kinds
of
fruit,
yielding
its
fruit
each
month;
and
the
leaves
of
the
tree
were
for
the
healing
of
the
nations.
Every
thing
that
is
accursed
will
cease
to
be.
The
throne
of
God
and
of
the
Lamb
will
be
within
it,
and
his
servants
will
worship
him;
they
will
see
his
face,
and
his
name
will
be
on
their
foreheads.
Night
will
cease
to
be.
They
have
no
need
of
the
light
of
a
lamp,
nor
have
they
the
light
of
the
sun;
for
the
Lord
God
will
be
their
light,
and
they
will
reign
for
ever
and
ever.
Conclusion
Then
the
angel
said
to
me – “These
words
may
be
trusted
and
are
true.
The
Lord,
the
God
that
inspires
the
prophets,
sent
his
angel
to
show
his
servants
what
must
quickly
take
place;
and
they
said
‘I
will
come
quickly.’
Blessed
will
he
be
who
lays
to
heart
the
words
of
the
prophecy
contained
in
this
book.”
It
was
I,
John,
who
heard
and
saw
these
things;
and,
when
I
heard
and
saw
them,
I
prostrated
myself
in
worship
at
the
feet
of
the
angel
that
showed
them
to
me.
But
he
said
to
me – “Forbear;
I
am
your
fellow
servant,
and
the
fellow
servant
of
your
fellow
prophets,
and
of
all
who
lay
to
heart
the
words
in
this
book.
Worship
God.”
Then
the
angel
said
to
me – “Do
not
keep
secret
the
words
of
the
prophecy
contained
in
this
book;
for
the
time
is
near.
Let
the
wrongdoer
continue
to
do
wrong;
the filthy-minded
continue
to
be
filthy;
the
righteous
continue
to
act
righteously;
and
the holy-minded
continue
to
be
holy.”
(‘I
will
come
quickly.
I
bring
my
rewards
with
me,
to
give
to
each
what
their
actions
deserve.
I
am
the Alpha
and
the
Omega,
the
First
and
the
Last,
the
beginning
and
the
End.’)
Blessed
will
they
be
who
wash
their
robes!
They
will
have
the
right
to
approach
the
Tree
of
life,
and
may
enter
the
city
by
the
gates.
Outside
will
be
the
filthy,
the
sorcerers,
the
impure,
the
murderers,
the
idolaters,
and
all
who
love
the
false
and
live
it.
‘I,
Jesus,
sent
my
angel
to
bear
testimony
to
you
about
these
things
before
the
churches.
I
am
the Scion
and
the
Offspring
of
David,
the
bright
star
of
the
Morning.’
‘Come,’
say
the
Spirit
and
the
Bride;
and
all
who
hear,
say ‘Come.’
All
who
thirst,
come;
anyone
who
wants,
take
the
water
of
life
freely.
I
declare
to
all
who
hear
the
words
of
the
prophecy
contained
in
this
book – ‘If
anyone
adds
to
it,
God
will
add
to
his
troubles
the
curses
described
in
this
book;
and
if
anyone
takes
away
any
of
the
words
in
the
book
containing
this
prophecy,
God
will
take
away
his
share
in
the
Tree
of
life,
and
in
the
Holy
City –
as
described
in
this
book.’
He
whose
testimony
this
is
says –
‘Assuredly
I
will
come
quickly.’ ‘Amen,
come,
Lord
Jesus.’
May
the
blessing
of
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
be
with
his
people.