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SHAMMAH
1. One of Reuel’s four sons, the grandson of Esau and a chief in the land of Edom (Gn 36:13, 17; 1 Chr 1:37).
2. Third of Jesse’s eight sons, the brother of David (1 Sm 16:9; 17:13) and the father of Jonathan (2 Sm 21:20-21) and Jonadab (2 Sm 13:3ff.). Shammah is alternately called Shimea in 1 Chronicles 2:13 and 20:7, Shimeah in 2 Samuel 13:3, and Shimei in 21:21.
3. Son of Agee the Hararite and one of the elite among David’s mighty men. He was renowned for his valiant stand against the Philistines at Lehi (2 Sm 23:11-12).
4. Harodite and one of David’s 30 valiant warriors. He was listed between Elhanan and Elika (2 Sm 23:24-25). The parallel passage of 1 Chronicles 11:27 reads Shammoth, the plural form of Shammah. In 27:8 Shamhuth the Irahite, the commander of a division of David’s soldiers, is no doubt the same man.
5. Hararite and one of David’s mighty men, listed between Jonathan and Ahiam (2 Sm 23:33).