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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

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ITALIAN BAND*, ITALIAN COHORT*, ITALIAN REGIMENT

Roman military unit to which the centurion Cornelius belonged. The single biblical reference to a regiment (nasb “cohort”; KJB “ band”) is in Acts 10:1.

Show passage in OET: ACT 10:1

OET-RV ACT 10:1

10 Just up in Kaisareia there was a Romaios army commander named Kornelios (leader of the ‘Italian Regiment’)

OET-LV ACT 10:1

10 And a_ certain _man in Kaisareia by_the_name Kornaʸlios, a_centurion of of_the_Cohort which being_called from_Italia,

Jump to OET ACT 10:1 section.

The Roman army included auxiliary regiments, most of which seem to have comprised provincial subjects apart from Jews (who were exempted). Such units were sometimes referred to by distinctive names like “Italian” or “Augustan” (Imperial) (Acts 27:1). The Italian Regiment was evidently composed mainly of those who not only were Roman citizens but had been born in Rome. The regiments were made up of six centuries of 100 men, each century commanded by a centurion (in this instance, Cornelius). Ten regiments constituted a legion (6,000 men).

Show passage in OET: ACT 27:1

OET-RV ACT 27:1

27 So when it was considered the right season to sail to Italia, Paulos and some other prisoners were put under the guard of a centurion named Yulios (from the Augustan Regiment).

OET-LV ACT 27:1

27 And when it_was_judged which us to_be_sailing_away to the Italia, they_were_giving_over the both Paulos and some other prisoners, to_a_centurion by_the_name Youlios, of_the_cohort of_Augustus/(Sebastos).

Jump to OET ACT 27:1 section.

Inscriptions indicate that such an Italian regiment had indeed been stationed in Syria during AD 69–157. This does not rule out an earlier presence in the province; military records are simply not available.