UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

Sense 1: plow

Semantic entry: 6.4

Semantic domains: Artifacts

Subdomains: Instruments Used in Agriculture and Husbandry

Definition: a flat triangular blade (the “plowshare”) made of hard wood or metal, connected to a handle; used to cut the soil in preparation for the sowing of seed or the planting of seedlings

Notes: In most parts of the world at least some type of plow is known, and in ancient Palestine the plow was not a turning plow, but one which simply dug a relatively shallow furrow, but in doing so, loosened the soil. Where plows are not known or used, it is possible to employ a descriptive phrase such as ‘a tool for preparing the ground for sowing.’ For ἄροτρον as part of a Semitic idiom in OET LUK 9:62, see 68.6: ἐπιβάλλω / 68.6: χείρ.

Further resources: realia:1.1.5