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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

IntroIndex©

ATHBASH*

Hebrew cryptograph in which the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet is substituted for the last, the second for the next-to-last, etc., to produce a code. Such a code or cipher was used for the word “Chaldea” in Jeremiah 51:1 (KJB interprets the cipher as meaning “them that rise up against me”). Another athbash was used for “Babylon” in Jeremiah 25:26 and 51:41 (KJB treats that cipher as a proper name, “Sheshach”). The early Greek translation of the OT, the Septuagint, correctly deciphered these and translated them as “Chaldea” and “Babylon” respectively.