UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

Sense 1: orphan

Semantic entry: 10.40

Semantic domains: Kinship Terms

Subdomains: Kinship Relations Involving Successive Generations

Definition: an offspring whose parents either are no longer alive or no longer function as parents (as the result of having abandoned their offspring)

Notes: Some languages make a distinction in terms for ‘orphan’ by indicating whether the child has been abandoned or whether one or both of the parents are dead. In languages where some indication of relative age must be introduced in speaking of ‘orphans,’ it is preferable in RV JAM 1:27 · LV JAM 1:27 · Read together JAM 1:27 to use a term which pertains to young children.

Sense 2: friendless person, helpless

Semantic entry: 34.21

Semantic domains: Association

Subdomains: Associate

Definition: (a figurative extension of meaning of ὀρφανός[a] ‘orphan,’ 10.40: ὀρφανός) one who is without associates who may be of sustaining help