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UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

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σκληρύνω

Strong’s: G4645

Associated OET lemmas: σκληρύνω

Other spellings: σκληρύνομαι

Form 1

Part of speech: verb

Related lemmas: σκληροκαρδία · σκληρός · σκληρότης · σκληροτράχηλος

Sense 1: to make stubborn, to make obstinate

Semantic entry: 88.226

Semantic domains: Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior

Subdomains: Stubbornness

Definition: to cause to be stubborn and obstinate, especially with regard to the truth

Notes: In the expression σκληρύνω τὰς καρδίας ‘to cause the hearts to be obstinate’ in RV HEB 3:8 · RV HEB 3:15 · RV HEB 4:7 · LV HEB 3:8 · LV HEB 3:15 · LV HEB 4:7 · Read together HEB 3:8 · Read together HEB 3:15 · Read together HEB 4:7, καρδία must be understood as ‘the inner self’ (see 26.3: καρδία) and as such the addition of καρδία merely reinforces the meaning of the verb σκληρύνω.

ROM 9:18: RV ROM 9:18 · LV ROM 9:18 · Read together ROM 9:18

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OET-RV ROM 9:18

18 In other words, God will be merciful to whoever he wants to, but he hardens whoever he wants to.

OET-LV ROM 9:18

18 Therefore consequently to_whom he_is_wanting, he_is_showing_mercy, but whom he_is_wanting, he_is_hardening.

HEB 3:8: RV HEB 3:8 · LV HEB 3:8 · Read together HEB 3:8

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OET-RV HEB 3:8

8 don’t harden your hearts as you did in the rebellion,
 ⇔ in the time of testing in the wilderness

OET-LV HEB 3:8

8 not you_all_may_harden the hearts of_you_all, as in the rebellion, in the day of_ the _trial, in the wilderness,
All 4 recorded passages for this sense

ROM: RV ROM 9:18 · LV ROM 9:18 · Read together ROM 9:18

HEB: RV HEB 3:8 · RV HEB 3:15 · RV HEB 4:7 · LV HEB 3:8 · LV HEB 3:15 · LV HEB 4:7 · Read together HEB 3:8 · Read together HEB 3:15 · Read together HEB 4:7

Sense 2: to be stubborn, to be obstinate

Semantic entry: 88.225

Semantic domains: Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior

Subdomains: Stubbornness

Definition: to be stubborn, in the sense of refusing to believe

Forms: σκληρύνομαι

ACT 19:9: RV ACT 19:9 · LV ACT 19:9 · Read together ACT 19:9

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OET-RV ACT 19:9

9 But as some of them refused to believe and became hardened against his teaching and started telling everyone that the Yeshua way was evil, Paulos stopped teaching in the meeting hall and taught the followers at Turannos’ school instead.

OET-LV ACT 19:9

9 But when some were_being_hardened and were_disbelieving, speaking_evil of the way before the multitude, having_withdrew from them he_set_apart the apprentices/followers, in_every day discussing in the school of_Turannos.

HEB 3:13: RV HEB 3:13 · LV HEB 3:13 · Read together HEB 3:13

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OET-RV HEB 3:13

13 Instead urge yourselves on throughout each day (while it’s still called ‘today’) so that some of you won’t become hardened by the sin’s seduction

OET-LV HEB 3:13

13 But be_exhorting yourselves throughout each day, until of_which, which today it_is_being_called, in_order_that not may_be_hardened someone of you_all by_the_seduction the of_sin.