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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

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HIRAM

1. King of Tyre during the time of David and Solomon. After David had conquered Jerusalem and moved his capital there, Hiram sent cedarwood, masons, and carpenters to build David’s palace (2 Sm 5:11; 1 Chr 14:1). Hiram remained David’s friend throughout his life (1 Kgs 5:1), and after David’s death, he sought to continue that friendship with Solomon. When Solomon was ready to build the temple, Hiram provided wood from the forests of Lebanon, gold, and skilled craftsmen to help build and furnish the temple; Solomon, in return, gave Hiram wheat and oil for his household. Moreover, Solomon gave Hiram 20 cities in Galilee, although Scripture indicates that Hiram was not pleased with them (1 Kgs 5:1-11; 9:10-14).

Show passage in OET: SA2 5:11

OET-RV SA2 5:11

11 King Hiram from Tsor (Tyre) sent messengers to David, then he sent carpenters and stone-cutters to build a palace for David.

OET-LV SA2 5:11

11 And_ Ḩīrām the_king_of Tsor/(Tyre) _he_sent messengers to Dāvid and_wood(s)_of cedars and_craftsmen_of wood and_craftsmen_of the_stone_of a_wall and_they_built a_house for_Dāvid.
Show passage in OET: CH1 14:1

OET-RV CH1 14:1

14 One day King Huram from Tsor (Tyre) sent messengers to David, along with cedar timber and stone masons and carpenters to build a house for him.

OET-LV CH1 14:1

14 And_he_sent Ḩūrām the_king_of Tsor/(Tyre) messengers to Dāvid and_wood(s)_of cedars and_craftsmen_of a_wall and_craftsmen_of wood(s) to_build to_him/it a_house.
Show passage in OET: KI1 5:1

OET-RV KI1 5:1

5 Then King Hiram of Tsor (Tyre) sent his servants to Shelomoh (Solomon) when he heard that he’d been anointed as king to replace his father, because Hiram had always been a friend of David.

OET-LV KI1 5:15

15  And_ Ḩīrām the_king_of Tsor/(Tyre) _he_sent DOM servants_of_his to Shəlomoh if/because he_had_heard if/because_that DOM_him/it people_had_anointed to_king in_place_of father_of_his if/because a_friend Ḩīrām he_had_been to_Dāvid all_of the_days.
Show passage in OET: KI1 5:1–11

OET-RV KI1 5:1

5 Then King Hiram of Tsor (Tyre) sent his servants to Shelomoh (Solomon) when he heard that he’d been anointed as king to replace his father, because Hiram had always been a friend of David.

OET-RV KI1 5:2

2 Shelomoh replied to Hiram,

OET-RV KI1 5:3

3 “You yourself knew David my father, and you knew that he wasn’t able to build a temple for his god Yahweh his god because of the constant state of warfare until Yahweh would allow us to defeat all our enemies.

OET-RV KI1 5:4

4 But now, my god Yahweh has enabled us to have peace from all around. We have no enemy, and there’s no threat of danger.

OET-RV KI1 5:5

5 So listen, I’m planning to build a residence for my god Yahweh, just as Yahweh spoke to my father David, ‘Your son who I’ll put in your place on your throne, he’ll be the one to build the house to honour me.’

OET-RV KI1 5:6

6 So now, please give the command to fell cedars for me from the Levanon forest. Let my servants accompany your servants and I’ll pay your servants’ wages whatever amount you set, because you yourself know that there are no other workers who know how to fell trees like the Tsidonim (Sidonians).”

OET-RV KI1 5:7

7 When Hiram got Shelomoh’s message, he was very happy and said, “Blessed be Yahweh today, who has given David a wise son to rule over that great nation.”

OET-RV KI1 5:8

8 He sent this message back to Shelomoh, “I’ve received the message that you sent me and I myself will supervise everything you want including cedar and cypress logs.

OET-RV KI1 5:9

9 My servants will transport them down from the forest to the ocean, and I’ll get them tied into rafts and float them to the place you specify and disassemble the rafts. Then it’ll be up to you to get them where you need them. All I ask for, is food for my family and workers.”

OET-RV KI1 5:10

10 So Hiram supplied all the cedar and cypress logs that Shelomoh ordered

OET-RV KI1 5:11

11 and each year Shelomoh supplied Hiram with three thousand tonnes of wheat and four hundred thousand litres of pure olive oil.

OET-LV KI1 5:15

15  And_ Ḩīrām the_king_of Tsor/(Tyre) _he_sent DOM servants_of_his to Shəlomoh if/because he_had_heard if/because_that DOM_him/it people_had_anointed to_king in_place_of father_of_his if/because a_friend Ḩīrām he_had_been to_Dāvid all_of the_days.

OET-LV KI1 5:16

16  And_ Shəlomoh _he_sent to Ḩīrām to_say.

OET-LV KI1 5:17

17  You you_know DOM Dāvid father_of if/because_that not he_was_able to_build a_house for_the_name_of YHWH his/its_god from_face/in_front_of the_war which they_had_surrounded_him until YHWH gave DOM_them under the_soles_of mmm.

OET-LV KI1 5:18

18  And_now YHWH god_of_my he_has_given_rest to_me from_round_about there_is_not an_adversary and_there_is_not an_occurrence evil.

OET-LV KI1 5:19

19  And_WOW_I am_saying to_build a_house for_the_name_of YHWH god_of_my just_as YHWH he_spoke to Dāvid father_of_my to_say son_of_your whom I_will_put in_place_of_you on throne_of_your he he_will_build the_house for_name_of_my.

OET-LV KI1 5:20

20  And_now command so_that_people_may_cut to_me cedars from (the)_Ləⱱānōn and_servants_of_my they_will_be with your_servants and_the_wage[s]_of your_servants I_will_give to/for_yourself(m) according_to_all that you_will_say if/because you you_know if/because_that there_is_not among_us anyone who_knows to_cut wood(s) like_Tsīdonī/(Sidonians).

OET-LV KI1 5:21

21  And_he/it_was just_ Ḩīrām _as_heard DOM the_words/messages_of Shəlomoh/(Solomon) and_he_rejoiced exceedingly and_he/it_said be_blessed YHWH the_day who he_has_given to_Dāvid a_son wise over the_people (the)_great (the)_this.

OET-LV KI1 5:22

22  And_ Ḩīrām _he_sent to Shəlomoh to_say I_have_heard DOM that_which you_sent to_me I I_will_do DOM all_of desire_of_your in_wood(s)_of cedar(s) and_in_wood(s)_of cypress(es).

OET-LV KI1 5:23

23  Servants_of_my they_will_bring_them_down from (the)_Ləⱱānōn sea_to_the and_I I_will_make_them rafts on_sea to the_place which you_will_send to_me and_I_will_break_them_up there and_you(ms) you_will_carry_them_away and_you(ms) you_will_do DOM desire_of_my by_giving the_food_of my_household_of_my.

OET-LV KI1 5:24

24  And_he/it_was Ḩīrām giving to_Shəlomoh wood(s)_of cedar(s) and_wood(s)_of cypress(es) all_of desire_of_his.

OET-LV KI1 5:25

25  And_Shəlomoh he_gave to_Ḩīrām twenty thousand cor[s]_of wheat(s) food for_household_of_his and_twenty cor[s]_of oil pressed thus Shəlomoh he_gave to_Ḩīrām a_year in_year.
Show passage in OET: KI1 9:10–14

OET-RV KI1 9:10

10 It took twenty years for Shelomoh (Solomon) to construct the temple for Yahweh and the palace for himself.

OET-RV KI1 9:11

11 King Hiram from Tsor (Tyre), had supported Shelomoh with cedar and cypress logs, and with gold—as much as he’d needed. So King Shelomoh gave him twenty cities in the Galil region,

OET-RV KI1 9:12

12 but when Hiram came down from Tsor to see the cities that Shelomoh had given him, he wasn’t very happy about them

OET-RV KI1 9:13

13 and asked, “My friend, what sort of cities are these that you’ve given me?” and he called the area ‘Kavul’ (meaning ‘Worthless’), which it’s still called to this day.

OET-RV KI1 9:14

14 Hiram had sent four tonnes of gold to Shelomoh.

OET-LV KI1 9:10

10 And_he/it_was from_the_end_of twenty year[s] which Shəlomoh/(Solomon) he_had_built DOM the_two_of the_houses DOM the_house_of YHWH and_DOM the_house_of the_king.

OET-LV KI1 9:11

11 Ḩīrām the_king_of Tsor/(Tyre) he_had_supported DOM Shəlomoh with_wood(s)_of cedar(s) and_with_wood(s)_of cypresses and_with_gold to/from_all/each/any/every desire_of_his then the_king Shəlomoh he_gave to_Ḩīrām twenty citi[es] in_land of_(the)_Gālīl.

OET-LV KI1 9:12

12 And_ Ḩīrām _he/it_went_out from_Tsor/(Tyre) to_see DOM the_cities which he_had_given to_him/it Shəlomoh and_not they_were_pleasing in_eyes_of_his.

OET-LV KI1 9:13

13 And_he/it_said what are_the_cities the_these which you_have_given to/for_me my_brother/kindred and_he/it_called to/for_them the_land_of Kāⱱūl/(Cabul) until the_day (the)_this.

OET-LV KI1 9:14

14 And_ Ḩīrām _he_had_sent to/for_the_king one_hundred and_twenty talent[s]_of gold.

Jump to OET SA2 5:11 section.

Jump to OET CH1 14:1 section.

Jump to OET KI1 5:1 section.

Jump to OET KI1 5:1–11 section.

Jump to OET KI1 9:10–14 section.

Although the Israelites were not a maritime people, Solomon did maintain a fleet of ships at Ezion-geber (1 Kgs 9:26-28). Hiram gave his assistance to Solomon by supplying sailors and perhaps ships to make Solomon’s fleet operable. The Phoenicians were noted sailors, who sailed the Mediterranean Sea as far west as Tarshish in Spain.

Show passage in OET: KI1 9:26–28

OET-RV KI1 9:26

26 King Shelomoh constructed a fleet of ships in Etsyon-Gever, which is near Eylot on the shore of the Red Sea in the Edom region.

OET-RV KI1 9:27

27 King Hiram sent some of his servants who were experienced sailors to serve with Shelomoh’s men.

OET-RV KI1 9:28

28 They sailed to Ofir and brought back fourteen tonnes of gold that they took to Shelomoh.

OET-LV KI1 9:26

26 And_ship[s] the_king Shəlomoh he_made at_ˊEʦyon- geⱱer which is_with ʼĒylōt on the_shore_of the_sea_of reed[s] in_land of_ʼEdōm.

OET-LV KI1 9:27

27 And_ Ḩīrām _he_sent in_the_ship[s] DOM servants_of_his men_of ships who_knew_of the_sea with the_servants_of Shəlomoh.

OET-LV KI1 9:28

28 And_they_came to_ʼŌfīr and_they_took from_there gold four hundred(s) and_twenty talent[s] and_they_brought_it to the_king Shəlomoh.

Jump to OET KI1 9:26–28 section.

Hiram was probably the son of Abibal. Hiram reigned in Tyre for 34 years and died at the age of 53. Phoenician historians record that Solomon married the daughter of Hiram.

King Hiram Supplies Solomon with Building Materials for the Temple

Cedar logs were cut in Lebanon, floated by sea to Joppa, and then transported to Jerusalem.

2. Craftsman from Tyre who worked on Solomon’s temple. He was said to be the son of a man of Tyre and a woman from the tribe of Naphtali (1 Kgs 7:13-14), although 2 Chronicles 2:14 says that his mother was from “the daughters of Dan.” (Possibly her ancestors were from Dan’s tribe; cf. Ex 38:23.) He was responsible for the creation of various furnishings in the temple: 2 bronze pillars, the capitals that adorned the pillars, the molten sea and the 12 oxen on which it stood, the 10 lavers with their bases, as well as shovels, pots, and basins.

Show passage in OET: KI1 7:13–14

OET-RV KI1 7:13

13 King Shelomoh (Solomon) sent for a craftsman in Tsor (Tyre) called Huram.

OET-RV KI1 7:14

14 His mother was a widow with Naftali (Naphtali) ancestry, and his father had been a bronze engraver in Tsor. He was very knowledgeable and skilled in everything to do with bronze, and so he came to work for King Shelomoh.

OET-LV KI1 7:13

13 And_ the_king Shəlomoh _he_sent and_he/it_took DOM Ḩīrām from_Tsor/(Tyre).

OET-LV KI1 7:14

14 Was_a_son_of a_woman a_widow he from_the_tribe_of Naftālī and_father_of_his was_a_man Tyrian a_worker bronze and_he_was_filled DOM the_wisdom and_DOM the_skill and_DOM the_knowledge for_doing any_of work with_bronze and_he_came to the_king Shəlomoh and_he/it_made DOM all_of their_property/content.
Show passage in OET: CH2 2:14

OET-RV CH2 2:14

14 His mother’s from the tribe of Dan, and his father’s from Tsor. He knows how to work in gold and silver, in bronze and iron, in stone and in timber, with purple and blue threads, with fine white linen and with crimson thread, and do any kind of engraving. He can follow any pattern that’s given to him by your designers, and the designers of my master, David, your father.

OET-LV CH2 2:13

13  A_son_of a_woman one_of the_daughters_of Dān and_father_of_his was_a_man Tyrian who_knows for_doing in_gold and_in_silver in_bronze in_iron in_stone(s) and_in_wood(s) in_purple in_violet and_in_(the)_linen and_in_crimson and_to_engrave every_of engraving and_to_design any_of design which it_will_be_given to_him/it with your_skilled_of_people and_the_skillful_people_of my_master Dāvid father_of_your.
Show passage in OET: EXO 38:23

OET-RV EXO 38:23

23 Oholiav (son of Ahisamak, from the tribe of Dan) worked with him—he was an engraver and a designer and an embroiderer in blue, purple, and scarlet, and in fine linen.

OET-LV EXO 38:23

23 And_was_with_him ʼĀhₑlīʼāⱱ the_son_of Ahisamach of_the_tribe_of of_Dān an_engraver and_a_skillful_worker and_a_worker_in_colours in_stuff and_in_purple and_in_the_scarlet_stuff_of the_scarlet and_in_linen.

Jump to OET KI1 7:13–14 section.

Jump to OET CH2 2:14 section.

Jump to OET EXO 38:23 section.

His name is also spelled Huram in 2 Chronicles 4:11. He is called Huram-abi (abi meaning “master”) in 2 Chronicles 2:13 and 4:16.

Show passage in OET: CH2 4:11

OET-RV CH2 4:11

11 Meanwhile, Huram made the tubs and shovels (for the ashes from the altar) and other small bowls.
 ¶ So Huram finished the work for God’s temple that King Shelomoh (Solomon) had assigned to him:

OET-LV CH2 4:11

11 And_he/it_made wwww DOM the_pots and_DOM the_shovels and_DOM the_bowls and_they_were_ended/finished wwww for_doing DOM the_work which he_did to/for_the_king Shəlomoh/(Solomon) in_house_of the_ʼElohīm.
Show passage in OET: CH2 2:13

OET-RV CH2 2:13

13 “I’ll send Huram-Avi to you—he’s a skilled craftsman.

OET-LV CH2 2:12

12  And_now I_send a_man wise who_knows understanding (to)_Ḩūrām- abi.
Show passage in OET: CH2 4:16

OET-RV CH2 4:16

16 and the tubs and shovels, the forks, and other utensils.
 ¶ Those were all items made of polished bronze that Huram-Avi made for King Shelomoh for Yahweh’s temple.

OET-LV CH2 4:16

16 And_DOM the_pots and_DOM the_shovels and_DOM the_forks and_DOM all_of utensils_of_their Ḩūrām Abi he_made to/for_the_king Shəlomoh for_the_house_of YHWH bronze polished.

Jump to OET CH2 4:11 section.

Jump to OET CH2 2:13 section.

Jump to OET CH2 4:16 section.