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A Meeting with Nicodemus
3 Now there was a man of the Pharisees whose name was[fn] Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews. 2 This man came to him at night and said to him, “Rabbi, we know that you are[fn] a teacher who has come from God, for no one is able to perform these signs that you are performing unless God were with him.” 3 Jesus answered and said to him, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born from above,[fn] he is not able to see the kingdom of God.” 4 Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is an old man? He is not able to enter into his mother’s womb for the second time and be born, can he?”[fn]
5 Jesus answered, “Truly, truly I say to you, unless someone is born of water and spirit, he is not able to enter into the kingdom of God. 6 What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. 7 Do not be astonished that I said to you, ‘It is necessary for you to be born from above.’[fn] 8 The wind blows wherever it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”
9 Nicodemus answered and said to him, “How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered and said to him, “Are you the teacher of Israel, and you do not understand these things? 11 Truly, truly I say to you, we speak what we know, and we testify about what we have seen, and you do not accept our testimony! 12 If I tell you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13 And no one has ascended into heaven except the one who descended from heaven—the Son of Man. 14 And just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness,[fn] thus it is necessarythat the Son of Man be lifted up, 15 so that everyone who believes in him will have eternal life.”[fn]
?:? Literally “the name to him”
?:? *Here both the pronoun and verb are understood in Greek and are supplied in the translation
?:? The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again,” which allows for the misunderstanding by Nicodemus here; Jesus was speaking of new birth “from above,” while Nicodemus misunderstood him to mean a second physical birth
?:? *The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by the phrase “can he”
?:? The same Greek word can mean either “from above” or “again” (see also v. 3)
?:? An allusion to Num 21:5–9|link-href="None"
?:? Some interpreters and Bible translations extend the quotation of Jesus’ words through v. 21
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