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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH EZRA NEH EST JOB PSA PRO ECC SNG ISA JER LAM EZE DAN HOS JOEL AMOS OBA YNA MIC NAH HAB ZEP HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs ROM 1COR 2COR GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TIM 2TIM TIT PHM HEB YAC 1PET 2PET 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN YUD REV
OET (OET-LV) I_am_testifying before the god and chosen_one/messiah Yaʸsous, the one going to_be_judging the_living and the_dead, both the appearing of_him, and the kingdom of_him:
OET (OET-RV) 42 1-2I am proclaiming these truths before God and before Yeshua the messiah who will judge both the living and the dead. Proclaim his appearance on earth[fn] and his kingdom, stand by the message whether it’s convenient or seems out of place, rebuke and scold those who need it, but also encourage with complete patience and teaching.
4:1 It’s not clear if Paul is referring to Yeshua’s previous coming to the earth, or to the expected, future coming. (See also 4:8)
Note 1 topic: writing-oathformula
διαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ, τοῦ μέλλοντος κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς, καὶ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ
˱I˲_/am/_testifying before ¬the God and Christ Jesus the_‹one› going /to_be/_judging /the/_living and /the/_dead both the appearing ˱of˲_him and the kingdom ˱of˲_him
Here Paul puts Timothy under oath, making him swear by God and Christ Jesus, that he will do what Paul is about to write. Also, he wants Timothy to be as sure about doing what Paul is about to write as Timothy is sure about Jesus’ appearing and kingdom. Use a natural way in your language to express this kind of oath. Alternate translation: “I make you swear before God and Christ Jesus, the one being about to judge living and dead, and as you think about his appearing and his kingdom” or “I require that you solemnly promise God and Christ Jesus, the one being about to judge living and dead, that you will do what I am about to write, and I want you to guarantee it as much as Jesus’ appearing and kingdom are guaranteed”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς
/the/_living and /the/_dead
Paul is using the adjectives living and dead as nouns to mean people who are living and people who are dead. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “those who are still alive and those who are dead”
Note 3 topic: translate-textvariants
καὶ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ
and and both the appearing ˱of˲_him
Many ancient manuscripts read and by his appearing. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “according to his appearing.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ
the appearing ˱of˲_him
Here, the phrase his appearing refers to when Jesus will come back to this world, which is when he will judge everyone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “by his second coming”
4:1 judge the living and the dead: See Matt 25:31-46; Acts 10:42; Rom 14:7-12; Rev 20:11-15.
• when he comes (literally his epiphany): See study note on 1 Tim 6:14; see also 2 Tim 1:10; 4:8; Titus 2:11-13; 3:4.
OET (OET-LV) I_am_testifying before the god and chosen_one/messiah Yaʸsous, the one going to_be_judging the_living and the_dead, both the appearing of_him, and the kingdom of_him:
OET (OET-RV) 42 1-2I am proclaiming these truths before God and before Yeshua the messiah who will judge both the living and the dead. Proclaim his appearance on earth[fn] and his kingdom, stand by the message whether it’s convenient or seems out of place, rebuke and scold those who need it, but also encourage with complete patience and teaching.
4:1 It’s not clear if Paul is referring to Yeshua’s previous coming to the earth, or to the expected, future coming. (See also 4:8)
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and English gloss (7th line) are all thanks to the SR-GNT.