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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

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SHEM

Eldest son of Noah (Gn 5:32; 6:10; 7:13; 9:18, 23, 26-27 OET GEN 9:18 · OET GEN 9:23 · OET GEN 9:26–27; 11:10; 1 Chr 1:4, 17-27 OET CH1 1:4 · OET CH1 1:17–27; Lk 3:36) and the ancestor of the Semitic peoples (Gn 10:1, 21-31 OET GEN 10:1 · OET GEN 10:21–31). Shem lived 600 years (11:10-11). In Hebrew, Shem means “name,” perhaps implying that Noah expected this son’s name to become great.

Show passage in OET: GEN 5:32

OET-RV GEN 5:32

32 After Noah was 500 years old, he had sons whose names were Yefet (Japheth), Shem, and Ham.

OET-LV GEN 5:32

32 And_he/it_was Noaḩ a_son_of five hundred(s) year[s] and_ Noaḩ _he/it_fathered DOM Shēm DOM Ḩām and_DOM Yefet/(Japheth).
Show passage in OET: GEN 6:10

OET-RV GEN 6:10

10 Noah had three sons: Yefet (Japheth), Shem, and Ham.

OET-LV GEN 6:10

10 And_ Noaḩ _he/it_fathered three sons DOM Shēm DOM Ḩām and_DOM Yefet/(Japheth).
Show passage in OET: GEN 7:13

OET-RV GEN 7:13

13 That was the very day that Noah and Yefet (Japheth) and Shem and Ham and their wives had all entered the wooden chest.

OET-LV GEN 7:13

13 On_the_substance_of the_day the_this Noaḩ and_name_of and_Ḩām and_Yefet/(Japheth) the_sons_of Noaḩ and_the_wife_of Noaḩ and_the_three_of the_wives_of his_sons_of_his with_them he_went into the_box.
Show passage in OET: GEN 9:18; GEN 9:23; GEN 9:26–27

OET-RV GEN 9:18

18 Noah’s sons who came out of the wooden chest after the flood were Yefet (Japheth), Shem, and Ham. (Ham became Kena’an’s (Canaan) father).

OET-RV GEN 9:23

23 So Shem and Yefet took a robe, and holding it between their shoulders they walked backwards into the tent and covered their father’s nakedness. (Their faces were towards the tent entrance, so they didn’t see his nakedness.)

OET-RV GEN 9:26

26 Then he added, “Praise Yahweh who’s Shem’s god. May Kena’an become Shem’s slave.

OET-RV GEN 9:27

27 May God expand Yefet’s territory and may he live in Shem’s tents. May Kena’an also become a slave of Yefet.”

OET-LV GEN 9:18

18 And_ the_sons_of Noaḩ who_came_out from the_box _they_were Shēm and_Ḩām and_Yafet and_Ḩām he was_the_father_of Kənaˊan/(Canaan).

OET-LV GEN 9:23

23 And_ Shēm and_Yefet/(Japheth) _he/it_took DOM the_garment and_they_put_it on the_shoulder_of both_of_them and_they_walked backwards and_they_covered DOM the_nakedness_of their_father_of_their and_faces_of_their were_backwards and_the_nakedness_of their_father_of_their not they_saw.

OET-LV GEN 9:26

26 And_he/it_said YHWH the_god_of Shēm be_blessed and_let_it_be Kənaˊan/(Canaan) a_slave his.

OET-LV GEN 9:27

27 god may_he_make_spacious (to)_Yefet and_let_him_dwell in_the_tents_of Shēm and_let_it_be Kənaˊan/(Canaan) a_slave his.
Show passage in OET: GEN 11:10

OET-RV GEN 11:10

10 This is the record of Shem’s descendants: Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100 years old, he had a son named Arpakshad.

OET-LV GEN 11:10

10 These are_the_accounts_of Shēm Shēm was_a_son_of one_hundred_of year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM ʼArpakshad two_years after the_flood.
Show passage in OET: CH1 1:4; CH1 1:17–27

OET-RV CH1 1:4

4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Yefet (Japheth).

OET-RV CH1 1:17

17 Shem’s sons were Eylam, Ashur, Arpakshad, Lud, and Aram. Aram’s sons were: Uts (Uz), Hul, Geter, and Meshek.

OET-RV CH1 1:18

18 Arpakshad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Ever.

OET-RV CH1 1:19

19 Ever had two sons: Peleg (which sounds like the Hebrew word for ‘divided’, because in his lifetime, the earth was divided) and Yaketan.

OET-RV CH1 1:20

20 Yaketan was the ancestor of: Almodad, Shelef, Hatsarmavet, Yerah,

OET-RV CH1 1:21

21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,

OET-RV CH1 1:22

22 Eyval, Avimael, Sheva,

OET-RV CH1 1:23

23 Ofir, Havilah, and Yovav. All those were the descendants of Yaketan.

OET-RV CH1 1:24

24 These were the descendants of Shem (in order from him to Avraham ): Arpakshad, Shelah,

OET-RV CH1 1:25

25 Ever, Peleg, Re’u,

OET-RV CH1 1:26

26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,

OET-RV CH1 1:27

27 and Avram (whose name God later changed to Avraham).

OET-LV CH1 1:4

4 Noaḩ Shēm Ḩām and_Yafet.

OET-LV CH1 1:17

17 The_sons_of Shēm were_ˊĒylām and_ʼAshshūr and_Arpakshad and_Lūd and_ʼArām and_ˊŪʦ and_Ḩūl and_Geter and_Meshek.

OET-LV CH1 1:18

18 And_Arpakshad he_fathered DOM Shelaḩ and_Shelaḩ he_fathered DOM ˊĒⱱēr.

OET-LV CH1 1:19

19 And_to_ˊĒⱱēr two_of sons it_was_born the_name_of the_one was_Peleg if/because in_days_of_his the_earth/land it_was_divided and_name_of his/its_brother was_Yoqţān/(Joktan).

OET-LV CH1 1:20

20 And_Yoqţān he_fathered DOM ʼAlmōdād and_DOM Shelef and_DOM Hazarmaveth and_DOM Yeraḩ/(Jerah).

OET-LV CH1 1:21

21 And_DOM Hₐdōrām and_DOM ʼŪzāl and_DOM Diqlāh.

OET-LV CH1 1:22

22 And_DOM ˊĒyⱱāl and_DOM ʼAⱱīmāʼēl and_DOM Shəⱱāʼ.

OET-LV CH1 1:23

23 And_DOM ʼŌfīr and_DOM Ḩₐvīlāh and_DOM Yōⱱāⱱ/(Jobab) all_of these were_the_sons_of Yoqţān.

OET-LV CH1 1:24

24 Shēm ʼArpakshad Shelaḩ.

OET-LV CH1 1:25

25 ˊĒⱱēr Peleg Rəˊū.

OET-LV CH1 1:26

26 Sərūg Nāḩōr Teraḩ.

OET-LV CH1 1:27

27 ʼAⱱrām he is_ʼAⱱrāhām.
Show passage in OET: LUK 3:36

OET-RV LUK 3:36

36 the son of Keynan, the son of Arpakshad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lemek (Lamech),

OET-LV LUK 3:36

36 the son of_Kainan/(Qēynān), the son of_Arfaxad/(ʼArpaksad), the son of_Saʸm/(Shēm), the son of_Nōe/(Noaḩ), the son of_Lameⱪ/(Lemek),
Show passage in OET: GEN 10:1; GEN 10:21–31

OET-RV GEN 10:1

10 These are the generations of Noah’s sons, Yefet (Japheth), Shem, and Ham, and their descendants born to them after the flood:

OET-RV GEN 10:21

21 Shem (the younger brother of Yefet (Japheth)) also had some sons and became the ancestor of all the descendants of Ever.

OET-RV GEN 10:22

22 Shem’s sons were Eylam, Ashur, Arpakshad, Lud, and Aram.

OET-RV GEN 10:23

23 Aram’s sons were Uts (Uz), Hul, Geter, and Mash.

OET-RV GEN 10:24

24 Arpakshad fathered Shelah, then Shelah fathered Ever.

OET-RV GEN 10:25

25 Ever’s two sons were Peleg and Yaketan. (Peleg’s name means ‘division’, because it was during his lifetime that the earth was divided.)

OET-RV GEN 10:26

26 Yaketan fathered Almodad, Shelef, Hatsarmavet, Yerah,

OET-RV GEN 10:27

27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,

OET-RV GEN 10:28

28 Oval, Avimael, Sheva,

OET-RV GEN 10:29

29 Ofir, Havilah, and Yovav. (All of those were the sons of Yaketan.)

OET-RV GEN 10:30

30 They lived in the area from Meysha then to Sefar in the eastern hills.

OET-RV GEN 10:31

31 Those are Shem’s descendants according to their clans, languages, regions, and nations.

OET-LV GEN 10:1

10 And_these are_the_accounts_of the_sons_of Noaḩ Shēm Ḩām and_Yafet and_they_were_born to/for_them sons after the_flood.

OET-LV GEN 10:21

21 And_to_Shēm it_was_born also he the_father_of all_of the_sons_of ˊĒⱱēr the_brother_of Yefet/(Japheth) (the)_old.

OET-LV GEN 10:22

22 The_sons_of Shēm were_ˊĒylām and_ʼAshshūr and_Arpakshad and_Lūd and_ʼArām.

OET-LV GEN 10:23

23 And_the_sons of_ʼArām were_ˊŪʦ and_Ḩūl and_Geter and_Mash.

OET-LV GEN 10:24

24 And_Arpakshad he_fathered DOM Shelaḩ and_Shelaḩ he_fathered DOM ˊĒⱱēr.

OET-LV GEN 10:25

25 And_to_ˊĒⱱēr two_of sons it_was_born the_name_of the_one was_Peleg if/because in_days_of_his the_earth/land it_was_divided and_name_of his/its_brother was_Yoqţān/(Joktan).

OET-LV GEN 10:26

26 And_Yoqţān he_fathered DOM ʼAlmōdād and_DOM Shelef and_DOM Hazarmaveth and_DOM Yeraḩ/(Jerah).

OET-LV GEN 10:27

27 And_DOM Hₐdōrām and_DOM ʼŪzāl and_DOM Diqlāh.

OET-LV GEN 10:28

28 And_DOM Obal and_DOM ʼAⱱīmāʼēl and_DOM Shəⱱāʼ.

OET-LV GEN 10:29

29 And_DOM ʼŌfīr and_DOM Ḩₐvīlāh and_DOM Yōⱱāⱱ/(Jobab) all_of these were_the_sons_of Yoqţān.

OET-LV GEN 10:30

30 And_ place_of_their_dwelling _he/it_was from_Mesha your(ms)_going towards_Sephar the_hill_country_of the_east.

OET-LV GEN 10:31

31 These were_the_sons_of Shēm to_their_clans to_languages_of_their in_their_lands to_nations_of_their.
Show passage in OET: GEN 11:10–11

OET-RV GEN 11:10

10 This is the record of Shem’s descendants: Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100 years old, he had a son named Arpakshad.

OET-RV GEN 11:11

11 After Arpakshad was born, Shem lived another 500 years and had other sons and daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:10

10 These are_the_accounts_of Shēm Shēm was_a_son_of one_hundred_of year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM ʼArpakshad two_years after the_flood.

OET-LV GEN 11:11

11 And_ Shēm _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM ʼArpakshad five hundred(s) year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

Jump to OET GEN 5:32 section.

Jump to OET GEN 6:10 section.

Jump to OET GEN 7:13 section.

Jump to OET GEN 9:18 section. · OET GEN 9:23 section. · OET GEN 9:26–27 section.

Jump to OET GEN 11:10 section.

Jump to OET CH1 1:4 section. · OET CH1 1:17–27 section.

Jump to OET LUK 3:36 section.

Jump to OET GEN 10:1 section. · OET GEN 10:21–31 section.

Jump to OET GEN 11:10–11 section.

After their deliverance from the great Flood, Shem and Japheth acted with respect and dignity toward their drunken father Noah on an occasion when their brother Ham dishonored him (Gn 9:20-29). Because of this act, Noah later pronounced a curse on Canaan, the son of Ham, and a blessing on both Shem and Japheth.

Show passage in OET: GEN 9:20–29

OET-RV GEN 9:20

20 After a while, Noah, who was a farmer, planted some grape vines,

OET-RV GEN 9:21

21 and in due course he drank some of his wine and got drunk, and he fell asleep naked in his tent.

OET-RV GEN 9:22

22 Then Ham (Kena’an’s father) saw his father’s nakedness then went outside and told his brothers what he’d seen.

OET-RV GEN 9:23

23 So Shem and Yefet took a robe, and holding it between their shoulders they walked backwards into the tent and covered their father’s nakedness. (Their faces were towards the tent entrance, so they didn’t see his nakedness.)

OET-RV GEN 9:24

24 Eventually, Noah woke up from his drunken sleep and found out what his youngest son (Ham) had done to him

OET-RV GEN 9:25

25 and said, “May Kena’an be cursed and become a slave of slaves to his brothers!”

OET-RV GEN 9:26

26 Then he added, “Praise Yahweh who’s Shem’s god. May Kena’an become Shem’s slave.

OET-RV GEN 9:27

27 May God expand Yefet’s territory and may he live in Shem’s tents. May Kena’an also become a slave of Yefet.”

OET-RV GEN 9:28

28 After the flood, Noah lived another 350 years,

OET-RV GEN 9:29

29 and so he was 950 years old when he died.

OET-LV GEN 9:20

20 And_ Noaḩ _he_began the_man_of the_soil and_he/it_planted a_vineyard.

OET-LV GEN 9:21

21 And_he_drank some_of the_wine and_he_became_drunk and_he_uncovered_himself in_the_middle his_tent_of_his.

OET-LV GEN 9:22

22 And_ Ḩām the_father_of Kənaˊan/(Canaan) _he/it_saw DOM the_nakedness_of his/its_father and_he_told to_the_two_of brothers_of_his on_outside.

OET-LV GEN 9:23

23 And_ Shēm and_Yefet/(Japheth) _he/it_took DOM the_garment and_they_put_it on the_shoulder_of both_of_them and_they_walked backwards and_they_covered DOM the_nakedness_of their_father_of_their and_faces_of_their were_backwards and_the_nakedness_of their_father_of_their not they_saw.

OET-LV GEN 9:24

24 And_ Noaḩ _he_awoke from_wine_of_his and_he/it_knew DOM that_which he_had_done to_him/it his/its_son (the)_young.

OET-LV GEN 9:25

25 And_he/it_said Kənaˊan/(Canaan) be_cursed a_slave_of slaves he_will_be of_brothers_of_his.

OET-LV GEN 9:26

26 And_he/it_said YHWH the_god_of Shēm be_blessed and_let_it_be Kənaˊan/(Canaan) a_slave his.

OET-LV GEN 9:27

27 god may_he_make_spacious (to)_Yefet and_let_him_dwell in_the_tents_of Shēm and_let_it_be Kənaˊan/(Canaan) a_slave his.

OET-LV GEN 9:28

28 And_ Noaḩ _he/it_lived after the_flood three hundred(s) year[s] and_fifty year[s].

OET-LV GEN 9:29

29 And_ all_of the_days_of Noaḩ _they_were nine hundred(s) year[s] and_fifty year[s] and_he/it_died.

Jump to OET GEN 9:20–29 section.

In Genesis 11:10-27, the line of descent for the promised seed, which was to crush Satan (Gn 3:15; 5:1-32), is traced through Shem to Abraham, and ultimately through Judah and David to Christ (cf. Lk 3:36). The blessing of Noah on Shem is thus to be taken as an indication that the line of Shem will be the line through which the seed of Genesis 3:15 will come. This is the first time in the Bible that God is called the God of some particular individual or group of people. The statement that Canaan would be a servant to Shem was fulfilled centuries later when the Israelites, who descended from Shem, entered the land of Canaan and subdued the inhabitants of the land (cf. 1 Kgs 9:20-21).

Show passage in OET: GEN 3:15

OET-RV GEN 3:15

15 I’ll put hostility between you and the woman
 ⇔ between your descendants and hers.
 ⇔ He will crush your head
 ⇔ and you’ll strike his heel.”

OET-LV GEN 3:15

15 And_hostility I_will_put between_you(ms) and_between the_woman and_between your_offspring and_between her_offspring he he/it_will_crush/cover_over_you(ms) head and_you(ms) you(ms)_will_crush/cover_over_him/it heel.
Show passage in OET: KI1 9:20–21

OET-RV KI1 9:20

20 All the remaining Amori, Hiti, Perizi, Hivi, and Yevusi people (they weren’t descendants of Yisrael (Israel)),

OET-RV KI1 9:21

21 had descendants who continued living in Yisrael. These were people groups that the Israelis hadn’t been able to annihilate so Shelomoh used them for forced labour (where they remain to this day).

OET-LV KI1 9:20

20 All_of the_people which_remained of the_ʼAmorī the_Ḩittiy[s] the_Pərizzī[s] the_Ḩiūī and_the_Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s] who not from_(the)_sons of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) they.

OET-LV KI1 9:21

21 Descendants_of_their who they_remained after_them on_the_earth whom not the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) they_had_been_able to_totally_destroy_them and_he_raised_them Shəlomoh to_forced_labour_of labouring until the_day (the)_this.

Jump to OET GEN 3:15 section.

Jump to OET KI1 9:20–21 section.

Noah also said that Japheth would be enlarged and dwell in the tents of Shem (Gn 9:27), the latter of which would seem to imply sustenance and protection. After Japheth would be greatly increased in numbers, the Japhethites would be brought into contact with Shem and would share in the blessings and promises of the Semitic faith. Many scholars see fulfillment of this prophecy in the opening of the gospel to the Gentiles during the NT era of the establishment of the church.

Show passage in OET: GEN 9:27

OET-RV GEN 9:27

27 May God expand Yefet’s territory and may he live in Shem’s tents. May Kena’an also become a slave of Yefet.”

OET-LV GEN 9:27

27 god may_he_make_spacious (to)_Yefet and_let_him_dwell in_the_tents_of Shēm and_let_it_be Kənaˊan/(Canaan) a_slave his.

Jump to OET GEN 9:27 section.

In the “table of nations” recorded in Genesis 10, five descendants of Shem are mentioned (Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram). Receiving particular emphasis among these descendants is Eber from the line of Arphaxad, whose line is traced to Abraham in Genesis 11:16-27.

Show passage in OET: GEN 11:16–27

OET-RV GEN 11:16

16 When Ever was thirty-four years old, he had a son named Peleg.

OET-RV GEN 11:17

17 After Peleg was born, Ever lived another 430 years and had other sons and daughters

OET-RV GEN 11:18

18 When Peleg was thirty years old, he had a son named Re’u.

OET-RV GEN 11:19

19 After Re’u was born, Peleg lived another 209 years and had other sons and daughters.

OET-RV GEN 11:20

20 When Re’u was thirty-two years old, he had a son named Serug.

OET-RV GEN 11:21

21 After Serug was born, Re’u lived another 207 years and had other sons and daughters.

OET-RV GEN 11:22

22 When Serug was thirty years old, he had a son named Nahor.

OET-RV GEN 11:23

23 After Nahor was born, Serug lived another 200 years and had other sons and daughters.

OET-RV GEN 11:24

24 When Nahor was twenty-nine years old, he had a son named Terah.

OET-RV GEN 11:25

25 After Terah was born, Nahor lived another 119 years and had other sons and daughters.

OET-RV GEN 11:26

26 After Terah was seventy years old, he had sons whose names were Avram, Nahor, and Haran.

OET-RV GEN 11:27

27 This is the record of Terah’s descendants: Terah’s sons were Avram, Nahor, and Haran and Haran had a son named Lot.

OET-LV GEN 11:16

16 And_ ˊĒⱱēr _he/it_lived four and_thirty year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM Peleg.

OET-LV GEN 11:17

17 And_ ˊĒⱱēr _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM Peleg thirty year[s] and_four hundred(s) year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:18

18 And_ Peleg _he/it_lived thirty year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM Rəˊū.

OET-LV GEN 11:19

19 And_ Peleg _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM Rəˊū nine years and_two_hundreds year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:20

20 And_ Rəˊū _he/it_lived two and_thirty year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM Sərūg.

OET-LV GEN 11:21

21 And_ Rəˊū _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM Sərūg seven years and_two_hundreds year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:22

22 And_ Sərūg _he/it_lived thirty year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM Nāḩōr.

OET-LV GEN 11:23

23 And_ Sərūg _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM Nāḩōr two_hundred year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:24

24 And_ Nāḩōr _he/it_lived nine and_twenty year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM Teraḩ.

OET-LV GEN 11:25

25 And_ Nāḩōr _he/it_lived after fathering_by_him/it DOM Teraḩ nine- teen year[s] and_one_hundred year[s] and_he/it_fathered sons and_daughters.

OET-LV GEN 11:26

26 And_ Teraḩ _he/it_lived seventy year[s] and_he/it_fathered DOM ʼAⱱrām DOM Nāḩōr and_DOM Ḩārān.

OET-LV GEN 11:27

27 And_these are_the_accounts_of Teraḩ Teraḩ he_fathered DOM ʼAⱱrām DOM Nāḩōr and_DOM Ḩārān and_Ḩārān he_fathered DOM Lōţ.

Jump to OET GEN 11:16–27 section.

See also Abraham; Genealogy of Jesus Christ; Nations; Noah #1.