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10 These are the generations of Noah’s sons, Yafet (Japheth), Shem, and Ham, and their descendants born to them after the flood:
Yafet’s (Japheth’s) descendants
2 Yafet’s (Japheth’s) sons were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Yavan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. 3 Gomer’s sons were Ashkenaz, Rifath, and Togarmah. 4 Yavan’s sons were Elishah and Tarshish, and Kittim[fn] and Dodanim. 5 From all those descendants, people spread out into areas near the coast, each group with their own language, and with all the clans making up their nations.
Ham’s descendants
6 Ham’s sons were Cush, Egypt (Hebrew: Mitsrayim), Put, and Canaan. 7 Cush’s sons were Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabtekah. Then Raamah’s sons were Sheba and Dedan. 8 Cush was also the father of Nimrod who became a mighty warrior on the earth. 9 Nimrod also became a terrific hunter noticed by Yahweh, so people said, “Like Nimrod, a terrific hunter noticed by Yahweh.” 10 His kingdom began in the cities of Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, all in the Shinar region. 11 From that area he extended to Asshur[fn] where he built the cities of Nineveh, Rehobot-Ir, Calah, 12 and Resen, between Nineveh and the large city of Calah.
13 Mitsrayim fathered Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naftuhim, 14 Pathrusim, and Casluhim (who the Philistines came from), and Caftorim.
15 Canaan fathered Tsidon his firstborn, then Het,[fn] 16 Yebusi, Emori, Girgashi. 17 Hivi, Arqi, Sini, 18 Arvadi, Tsemari, and Hamati. Later on, the Canaan clans spread in all directions 19 and their border went from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and then toward Sodom, Amorah (Gomorrah), Admah, and Tsevoim, as far as Lasha. 20 Those are Ham’s descendants according to their clans, languages, regions, and nations.
Shem’s descendants
21 Shem (the younger brother of Yafet) also had some sons and became the ancestor of all the descendants of Eber. 22 Shem’s sons were Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram. 23 Aram’s sons were Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash. 24 Arpachshad fathered Shelah, then Shelah fathered Eber. 25 Eber’s two sons were Peleg and Yoktan. (Peleg’s name means ‘division’, because it was during his lifetime that the earth was divided.[fn]) 26 Yoktan fathered Almodad, Shelef, Hazarmaveth, Yerah, 27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 29 Ofir, Havilah, and Yobab. (All of those were the sons of Yoktan.) 30 They lived in the area from Mesha then to Sefar in the eastern hills. 31 Those are Shem’s descendants according to their clans, languages, regions, and nations.
32 All of those are the clans of Noah’s sons, according to their generations and nations, and from them the nations spread out across the earth after the flood.
10:1 These names ending with ‘-im’ (the Hebrew plural) are possibly the names of the ensuing tribes (e.g., ‘Kittites’) and not the individuals. (Similarly for v13-14.)
10:11 Known to us as ‘Assyria’.
10:15 The ancestor of the Hittites.
10:25 Often believed to refer to the division of languages after the building of the tower described in chapter 11.
10 and_these are_the_accounts_of the_sons_of Noaḩ Shēm Ḩām and_Yafet and_they_were_born to/for_them sons after the_flood.
2 The_sons_of Yefet were_Gomer and_Māgōg and_Māday and_Yāvān/(Javan) and_Tūⱱal and_Meshek and_Tirāş.
3 And_the_sons of_Gomer were_ʼAshkənaz and_Rifat and_Tōgarmāh.
4 And_the_sons of_Yāvān/(Javan) were_ʼElīshāˊh and_Tarshiysh Kittim and_Dodānīm.
5 From_these the_coastlands_of they_separated the_nations in_their_lands each to_his/its_language to_their_clans in_their_nations.
6 And_the_sons of_Ḩām were_Kūsh/(Cush) and_Miʦrayim and_Pūţ and_Kənaˊan.
7 And_the_sons of_Kūsh/(Cush) were_Şəⱱāʼ and_Ḩₐvīlāh and_Şaⱱtāʼh and_Raˊmāh and_Şaⱱtəkāʼ and_the_sons of_Raˊmāh were_Shəⱱāʼ and_Dədān.
8 And_Kūsh he_fathered DOM Nimrōd he he_began to_be a_mighty_man on_the_earth.
9 He he_was a_mighty_man_of hunting to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before YHWH therefore yes/correct/thus/so it_is_said like_Nimrōd a_mighty_man_of hunting to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before YHWH.
10 And_it_became the_beginning_of his/its_kingdom Bāⱱel and_Erech and_Akkad and_Kələneh in_land of_Shinˊār.
11 From the_earth/land the_that he_went_forth ʼAshshūr and_he/it_built DOM Nīnəvēh and_DOM Rəḩoⱱōt- Ir and_DOM Calah.
12 And_DOM Resen between Nīnəvēh and_between Calah that the_city the_big/large/great(fs).
13 And_Miʦrayim he_fathered DOM the_Lūdī and_DOM the_ˊAnāmīm and_DOM the_Lehāⱱīm and_DOM the_Naftuḩīm.
14 And_DOM the_Patruşī and_DOM the_Kaşluḩīm/(Casluhites) where they_came_out from_there the_Fəlishtiy and_DOM the_Kaftorī/(Caphtorites).
15 and_Kənaˊan he_fathered DOM Tsīdōn/(Sidon) his/its_firstborn and_DOM Ḩēt.
16 And_DOM the_Yəⱱūşī and_DOM the_ʼAmorī and_DOM the_Girgāshiy.
17 And_DOM the_Ḩiūī and_DOM the_ˊArqī and_DOM the_Şīnī.
18 And_DOM the_ʼArvādī and_DOM the_Tsəmārī and_DOM the_Ḩₐrodī and_after the_clans_of they_were_scattered the_Kənaˊₐnī.
19 And_ the_border_of _he/it_was the_Kənaˊₐnī from_Tsidon your(ms)_going towards_Gərāra to ˊAzzāh your(ms)_going towards_Sedom and_Amorah and_ʼAdāmāh and_Tseboyim to Lasha.
20 These were_the_sons_of Ḩām to_their_clans to_languages_of_their in_their_lands in_their_nations.
21 and_to_Shēm it_was_born also he the_father_of all_of the_sons_of ˊĒⱱēr the_brother_of Yefet/(Japheth) (the)_old.
22 The_sons_of Shēm were_ˊĒylām and_ʼAshshūr and_Arpakshad and_Lūd and_ʼArām.
23 And_the_sons of_ʼArām were_ˊŪʦ and_Ḩūl and_Geter and_Mash.
24 And_Arpakshad he_fathered DOM Shelaḩ and_Shelaḩ he_fathered DOM ˊĒⱱēr.
25 And_to_ˊĒⱱēr it_was_born two_of sons the_name_of the_one was_Peleg if/because in_days_of_his it_was_divided the_earth/land and_name_of his/its_woman was_Yāqəţān/(Joktan).
26 And_Yāqəţān he_fathered DOM ʼAlmōdād and_DOM Shelef and_DOM Hazarmaveth and_DOM Yeraḩ/(Jerah).
27 And_DOM Hₐdōrām and_DOM ʼŪzāl and_DOM Diqlāh.
28 And_DOM Obal and_DOM ʼAⱱīmāʼēl and_DOM Shəⱱāʼ.
29 And_DOM ʼŌfīr and_DOM Ḩₐvīlāh and_DOM Yōⱱāⱱ/(Jobab) all_of these were_the_sons_of Yāqəţān.
30 place_of_their_dwelling And_he/it_was from_Mesha your(ms)_going towards_Sephar the_hill_country_of the_east.
31 These were_the_sons_of Shēm to_their_clans to_languages_of_their in_their_lands to_nations_of_their.
32 These were_the_clans_of the_sons_of Noaḩ to_descendants_of_their in_nations_of_their and_from_these they_separated the_nations on_the_earth after the_flood.
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