OET interlinear 1TH 1:10

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

καὶ ἀναμένειν

and /to_be/_waiting

The phrase to wait is parallel with the phrase “to serve” in the previous verse (1:9). Introduce it the same way you introduced “to serve.” Alternate translation: “and in order to wait for” or “and with the result that you wait for”

Note 2 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples

τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ

˱for˲_the Son ˱of˲_him

Son is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God the Father.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν

from the heavens

Here Paul assumes that the Thessalonians know that Jesus ascended into the heavens and will someday come back to earth from there. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this information more explicit. Alternate translation: “to return from his place in the heavens” or “to come back to earth after he ascended into the heavens”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἤγειρεν ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν

˱he˲_raised from the dead

Here, the phrase raised from the dead refers to someone who died and came back to life. If your language does not use raised to describe coming back to life, you could use a comparable idiom or express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “he restored to life after he had died”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

τῶν νεκρῶν

the the dead

Paul is using the adjective dead as a noun in order to refer to people who are dead. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this one with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “the dead people”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / distinguish

Ἰησοῦν, τὸν ῥυόμενον ἡμᾶς

Jesus the_‹one› rescuing us

The clause the one rescuing us describes Jesus in his role as rescuer. Paul is not distinguishing between more than one Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that makes this explicit. Alternate translation: “Jesus, our rescuer” or “Jesus, who rescues us”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἡμᾶς

us

Here, the word us includes Paul, Silvanus, Timothy, the Thessalonians, and all Christians. Your language may require you to mark these forms. Alternate translation: “all of us Christians” or “all of us believers”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐκ τῆς ὀργῆς τῆς ἐρχομένης

from from from the wrath ¬which coming

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of wrath, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “from the time when God punishes people” or “so that God does not punish us in the future”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

τῆς ὀργῆς τῆς ἐρχομένης

the wrath ¬which coming

Paul speaks of wrath as though it were someone who could travel and is coming to where people are. He means that in the future God will act wrathfully against people who have sinned and who have not trusted in Jesus to forgive their sins. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this plainly. Alternate translation: “God’s judgment that will happen” or “when God will punish people for sin”