OET interlinear HEB 10:1

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

for

Here, the word For introduces a new development in the argument that is based on what the author has said in 9:23–28. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces development, or you could leave For untranslated. Alternate translation: “Now”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

σκιὰν & ἔχων & τῶν & ἀγαθῶν

/a/_shadow & having & ˱of˲_the & good_‹things›

Here the author speaks as if the law has a shadow that is cast by the good things that are coming. He speaks in this way to indicate that the law is not one of the good things that are coming, but that it does “foreshadow” or give an outline or forecast of what those good things are like. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “foreshadowing the good things” or “only pointing to the good things”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo

τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν

˱of˲_the coming good_‹things›

Here the author does not clarify exactly what these good things are. What is clear is that God gives them to believers as gifts or blessings. If possible, express the idea without including specifics about what the things are. Alternate translation: “of the good gifts that are coming” or “of the blessings that are coming from God”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

μελλόντων

coming

Here the author speaks as if the good things were a person who could “come” or arrive at a destination. He means that believers will certainly and quickly receive these good things, as surely as someone who is “coming” will soon arrive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “that believers will receive soon” or “that we will certainly experience”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μελλόντων

coming

Here the author could mean that the good things: (1) are coming for believers, although believers do experience them some now. Alternate translation: “that will come” (2) were coming from the perspective of those who received the law but which believers have now received. Alternate translation: “that were to come”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ἔχων ὁ νόμος & οὐδέποτε δύναται & τελειῶσαι

having the law & never (Some words not found in SR-GNT: σκιὰν γὰρ ἔχων ὁ νόμος τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν οὐκ αὐτὴν τὴν εἰκόνα τῶν πραγμάτων κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ταῖς αὐταῖς θυσίαις ἃς προσφέρουσιν εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς οὐδέποτε δύνανται τοὺς προσερχομένους τελειῶσαι)

Here the author speaks as if the law were a person who could make perfect other people. He speaks in this way to indicate that the regulations and rituals that God required in the law do not enable people to become “perfect.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea plainly. Alternate translation: “keeping the law, which has … cannot ever make perfect” or “doing what the law requires, which law has … never gives perfection to”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοὺς προσερχομένους

the_‹ones› approaching

Here, the phrase those who approach could refer to: (1) the Israelites who brought the sacrifices to God. Alternate translation: “the people who approach” (2) the priests who serve in the sanctuary. Alternate translation: “the priests who approach”