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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

Intro ← Index → ©

WILDERNESS

Land that is basically wild and sparsely inhabited or unfit for permanent human settlement. It may be desert, mountains, forest, or marsh.

In the Near East the wilderness is characteristically dry, desolate, and mostly rock and sand. It is rough, uneven, and interlaced with dry watercourses. The wilderness is not completely barren but provides seasonal pasture for flocks, depending on the rainfall.

Joel 2:22 declares that “the pastures of the wilderness are green,” and Psalm 65:12 states that the pastures of the wilderness drip with richness. But Jeremiah says that “the pastures of the wilderness are dried up” (Jer 23:10; cf. Jl 1:20). And Job refers to the wilderness as a land where no human can live (Jb 38:26); it is a place for various animals and birds, such as wild asses, jackals, vultures, and owls (Ps 102:6; Jer 2:24; Is 13:22; 34:13-15).

Show passage in OET: JOL 2:22

OET-RV JOL 2:22

22 Don’t worry, you animals in the countryside,
 ⇔ because the pastures in the wilderness have sprouted,
 ⇔ and the tree has borne its fruit—
 ⇔ the fig tree and the grapevine have produced their best.

OET-LV JOL 2:22

22 Do_not fear Oh_animals_of the_field if/because the_pastures_of the_wilderness they_are_green if/because the_tree[s] it_has_borne fruit_of_its the_fig_tree and_the_vine they_have_given strength_of_their.
Show passage in OET: PSA 65:12

OET-RV PSA 65:12

12 The pastures in the wilderness drip with dew,
 ⇔ and the hills are cloaked with gladness.

OET-LV PSA 65:13

13  The_pastures_of the_wilderness they_drip and_rejoicing the_hills they_gird_on.
Show passage in OET: JER 23:10

OET-RV JER 23:10

10 Yes, the land is full of adulterers—
 ⇔ the land mourns because of the curse,
 ⇔ and the pastures in the wilderness have dried up—
 ⇔ their course is evil and their power is misused.

OET-LV JER 23:10

10 If/because adulterers the_earth/land it_is_full if/because from_face/in_front_of a_curse the_earth/land it_has_dried_up the_pastures_of the_wilderness they_have_become_dry and_ of_life_of_their_course _it_became evil and_strength_of_their is_not right.
Show passage in OET: JOL 1:20

OET-RV JOL 1:20

20 Even the wild animals pant for you,
 ⇔ because the streams of water have dried up,
 ⇔ and fire has destroyed the pastures in the wilderness.

OET-LV JOL 1:20

20 Also the_animals_of the_field it_pants to_you if/because the_channels_of water they_have_dried_up and_fire it_has_consumed the_pastures_of the_wilderness.
Show passage in OET: JOB 38:26

OET-RV JOB 38:26

26 Who sends rain to regions where nobody lives,
 ⇔ ≈ or to a wilderness that has nobody in it,

OET-LV JOB 38:26

26 To_send_rain on a_land not anyone a_wilderness which_not anyone in/on/over_him/it.
Show passage in OET: PSA 102:6

OET-RV PSA 102:6

6 I’m like a vulture in the wilderness.
 ⇔ I’m like an owl among the ruins.

OET-LV PSA 102:7

7  I_am_like (to)_a_wilderness_owl_of the_wilderness I_am like_an_owl_of the_waste_places.
Show passage in OET: JER 2:24

OET-RV JER 2:24

24 You’re like a wild, female donkey, accustomed to the wilderness in its desire for the wind.
 ⇔ No one can hold her back when she’s in heat.
 ⇔ All those searching for her won’t give up trying to find her at mating time.

OET-LV JER 2:24

24 A_wild_donkey accustomed_to_of (of)_a_wilderness in_the_desire_of mmm it_pants_for the_wind heat_of who will_he_turn_it_back all_of those_of_who_seek_it not they_will_grow_weary in_month_of_its they_will_find_it.
Show passage in OET: ISA 13:22

OET-RV ISA 13:22

22 Hyenas will howl in its towers,
 ⇔ ≈ and jackals in the nice palaces.
 ⇔ Her time is coming to an end,
 ⇔ ≈ and her lifetime won’t be extended.

OET-LV ISA 13:22

22 And_ hyenas _it_will_sing in_palaces_of_its and_jackals in_the_palaces_of delight and_is_near to_go time_of_its and_days_of_its not they_will_be_prolonged.
Show passage in OET: ISA 34:13–15

OET-RV ISA 34:13

13 Thorns will grow up its fortresses.
 ⇔ ≈ Nettles and thornbushes will grow on its high walls,
 ⇔ and it’ll become a place for jackals to live in—
 ⇔ grass for ostriches.

OET-RV ISA 34:14

14 Wild animals will meet hyenas,
 ⇔ and the wild goats will bleat to each other.
 ⇔ The lilith owl will rest there,
 ⇔ ≈ and find a place for itself to nest.

OET-RV ISA 34:15

15 Owls will nest and lay eggs there,
 ⇔ and hatch and brood the chicks in its shade.
 ⇔ Indeed the hawks will gather there with their mates.

OET-LV ISA 34:13

13 And_it_will_grow_up fortresses_of_its thorns nettle[s] and_thornbush[es] will_be_of_on_its_fortifications and_it_will_be a_habitation_of jackals grass for_daughters_of an_ostrich.

OET-LV ISA 34:14

14 And_ wilderness-dwellers _they_will_meet DOM hyenas and_goat to his/its_neighbour it_will_call surely there the_night-creature it_will_rest and_it_will_find to/for_her/it a_resting_place.

OET-LV ISA 34:15

15 There_(to) arrow_snake[s] it_will_make_a_nest and_it_laid_eggs and_it_will_hatch and_it_will_gather_a_brood in_shadow_of_its surely there red_kites they_will_be_gathered each companion_of_its.

Jump to OET JOL 2:22 section.

Jump to OET PSA 65:12 section.

Jump to OET JER 23:10 section.

Jump to OET JOL 1:20 section.

Jump to OET JOB 38:26 section.

Jump to OET PSA 102:6 section.

Jump to OET JER 2:24 section.

Jump to OET ISA 13:22 section.

Jump to OET ISA 34:13–15 section.

Certain wilderness tracts are identified by name and are related to definite cities, persons, or events. Hagar wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba (Gn 21:14). In the exodus from Egypt, the Israelites traversed the following wildernesses: Shur (Ex 15:22), Etham (Nm 33:8), Sin (Ex 16:1), Sinai (19:1-2), Zin (Nm 13:21; 20:1), Paran (13:26), Kadesh (Ps 29:8), Moab (Dt 2:8), and Kedemoth (v 26). When David was fleeing from Saul, David hid in the hill country of the wilderness of Ziph (1 Sm 23:14-15), in the wilderness of Maon (vv 24-25), and in the wilderness of En-gedi (24:1).

Show passage in OET: GEN 21:14

OET-RV GEN 21:14

14 Avraham got up early the next morning, and got some bread and a skin of water and helped Hagar put them on her shoulder. Then he gave her the child and sent her away, and she left and wandered in the wilderness around Be’er-Sheva (Beersheba).

OET-LV GEN 21:14

14 And_ ʼAⱱrāhām _he_rose_early in_morning and_he/it_took food and_a_skin_of water and_he/it_gave to Hāgār placing on shoulder_of_her and_DOM the_boy and_he_sent_her_away and_she_went and_she_wandered in_the_wilderness_of Bəʼēr.
Show passage in OET: EXO 15:22

OET-RV EXO 15:22

22 Then Mosheh (Moses) lead the Israelis away from the Red Sea and they moved into the wilderness at Shur. They went through the wilderness for three days and finally found some water,

OET-LV EXO 15:22

22 And_ Mosheh _he_led_out DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) from_the_sea_of reed[s] and_they_went_out into the_wilderness_of Shūr and_they_went three_of days in_wilderness and_not they_found water.
Show passage in OET: NUM 33:8

OET-RV NUM 33:8

8 Then they left Pi-Hahirot and walked through the middle of the sea into the Eytam wilderness and camped at Marah.

OET-LV NUM 33:8

8 And_they_set_out from_face/in_front_of Haḩirot and_they_passed in_the_middle_of the_sea to_the_wilderness and_they_went a_journey_of three_of days in_the_wilderness_of ʼĒtām and_they_encamped at_Mārāh.
Show passage in OET: EXO 16:1

OET-RV EXO 16:1

16 Then they left Eylim, and all the Israelis entered into the wilderness at Sin (between Eylim and Sinay) around six weeks after leaving Mitsrayim (Egypt),

OET-LV EXO 16:1

16 And_they_set_out from_ʼĒylim and_ all_of the_congregation_of the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) _they_came to the_wilderness_of Şīn which is_between ʼĒylim and_between Şīnay on_the_fif- teen day of_month the_second of_their_going_out from_the_land_of Miʦrayim.
Show passage in OET: EXO 19:1–2

OET-RV EXO 19:1

19 ⇔The Israelis entered the Sinay wilderness in the third month after exiting Mitsrayim (Egypt).

OET-RV EXO 19:2

2 After they had departed from Refidim, they had entered the Sinay wilderness and camped there at the base of the mountain.

OET-LV EXO 19:1

19 In_month the_third of_ of_the_people_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) _the_going_out from_the_land_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt) in_the_day the_this they_came the_wilderness_of Şīnay.

OET-LV EXO 19:2

2 And_they_set_out from_Rəfīdīm and_they_came the_wilderness_of Şīnay and_they_encamped in_wilderness and_it_encamped there Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) before the_mountain.
Show passage in OET: NUM 13:21

OET-RV NUM 13:21

21 So the twelve men went and explored the region from the Tsin (Zin) wilderness in the south, all the way up to Rehov at Levo-Hamat in the north.

OET-LV NUM 13:21

21 And_they_went_up and_they_spied_out DOM the_earth/land from_the_wilderness_of Tsin/(Zin) to Rəḩoⱱ Ləⱱōʼ Ḩₐmāt.
Show passage in OET: NUM 20:1

OET-RV NUM 20:1

20 Then in the first month of the next year, all the Israelis entered the Tsin (Zin) (‘Thorny’ or ‘Thirsty’) wilderness and the people camped at Kadesh. While they were there, Miryam (Miriam) died, and was buried there.

OET-LV NUM 20:1

20 And_ the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) all_of the_congregation _they_came the_wilderness_of Tsin/(Zin) in_month (the)_first and_ the_people _he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_Qādēsh and_she_died there Miryām and_she_was_buried there.
Show passage in OET: NUM 13:26

OET-RV NUM 13:26

26 and went to Kadesh in the Paran wilderness. There they reported back to Mosheh (Moses) and Aharon (Aaron) and all the assembled people, and showed them the fruit from the land,

OET-LV NUM 13:26

26 And_they_went and_they_came to Mosheh and_to ʼAhₐron and_near/to all_of the_congregation_of the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to the_wilderness_of Pāʼrān to_Qādēsh and_they_brought_back them message and_DOM all_of the_congregation and_they_showed_them DOM the_fruit_of the_earth/land.
Show passage in OET: PSA 29:8

OET-RV PSA 29:8

8 Yahweh’s voice makes the land shake,
 ⇔ he shakes the wilderness of Kadesh.

OET-LV PSA 29:8

8 The_voice_of YHWH it_causes_to_tremble the_wilderness YHWH he_causes_to_tremble the_wilderness_of Qādēsh.
Show passage in OET: DEU 2:8

OET-RV DEU 2:8

8 “So we passed by our relatives, Esav’s descendants who live in Se’ir. We travelled along the Yarden (Jordan) valley plain from Eylot and Etsyon-Gever, then north through the Moav (Moab) wilderness.

OET-LV DEU 2:8

8 And_we_passed_away from_with relatives_of_our the_descendants_of ˊĒsāv who_were_dwelling in_Sēˊīr from_the_way_of the_wilderness_plain from_ʼĒylōt and_from_ˊEʦyon- geⱱer and_we_turned and_we_passed_along the_way_of the_wilderness_of Mōʼāⱱ.
Show passage in OET: DEU 2:26

OET-RV DEU 2:26

26 “Then from the Kedemot wilderness, I sent messengers to King Sihon at Heshbon with an offer of peace,

OET-LV DEU 2:26

26 And_I_sent messengers from_the_wilderness_of Qədēmōt to Şīḩōn the_king_of Ḩeshbōn words/messages_of peace to_say.
Show passage in OET: SA1 23:14–15

OET-RV SA1 23:14

14 David stayed in various fortresses in the wilderness, and sometimes he stayed in the hill country in the Zif wilderness. Sha’ul (Saul) kept searching for them, but God didn’t allow him to capture them.

OET-RV SA1 23:15

15 Once David was staying in the Zif wilderness and he saw that Sha’ul had arrived there to try to kill him.

OET-LV SA1 23:14

14 And_ Dāvid _he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_wilderness in_strongholds and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_country in_the_wilderness_of Zīf and_he_sought_him Shāʼūl all_of the_days and_not he_gave_him god in_his/its_hand.

OET-LV SA1 23:15

15 And_ Dāvid _he/it_saw if/because_that Shāʼūl he_had_come_forth to_seek DOM life_of_his and_Dāvid was_in_the_wilderness_of Zīf at_Ḩoresh.
Show passage in OET: SA1 23:24–25

OET-RV SA1 23:24

24 So they left and returned to Zif ahead of Sha’ul. At that time, David and his men were in the Maeon wilderness south of Yeshimon

OET-RV SA1 23:25

25 when Sha’ul and his men came to search for them. When David was told, he went further south to a rocky hill therein that wilderness, but Sha’ul also heard that and followed them.

OET-LV SA1 23:24

24 And_they_arose and_they_went to_Zīf to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Shāʼūl and_Dāvid and_men_of_his were_in_the_wilderness_of Māˊōn in_ˊArāⱱāh to the_south_of (the)_Yəshimōn.

OET-LV SA1 23:25

25 And_ Shāʼūl/(Saul) and_men_of_his _he/it_went to_seek_him and_people_told to_Dāvid and_he/it_descended the_rock and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_the_wilderness_of Māˊōn and_ Shāʼūl _he/it_listened and_he_pursued after Dāvid the_wilderness_of Māˊōn.
Show passage in OET: SA1 24:1

OET-RV SA1 24:1

24 After Sha’ul (Saul) returned from repelling the Pelishtim, they told him that David was now in the Eyn-Gedi wilderness.

OET-LV SA1 24:2

2  And_he/it_was when_just_as Shāʼūl he_returned from_after the_Pəlishtiy and_people_told to_him/it to_say THERE Dāvid is_in_the_wilderness_of ˊĒyn.

Jump to OET GEN 21:14 section.

Jump to OET EXO 15:22 section.

Jump to OET NUM 33:8 section.

Jump to OET EXO 16:1 section.

Jump to OET EXO 19:1–2 section.

Jump to OET NUM 13:21 section.

Jump to OET NUM 20:1 section.

Jump to OET NUM 13:26 section.

Jump to OET PSA 29:8 section.

Jump to OET DEU 2:8 section.

Jump to OET DEU 2:26 section.

Jump to OET SA1 23:14–15 section.

Jump to OET SA1 23:24–25 section.

Jump to OET SA1 24:1 section.

In spite of the comparative desolation of the wilderness, villages or towns are sometimes associated with a wilderness setting. Joshua 15:61-62 lists the names of six cities and their villages “in the wilderness.” The future joy of the towns of the desert is proclaimed by Isaiah (Is 42:11).

Show passage in OET: JOS 15:61–62

OET-RV JOS 15:61

61 In the wilderness, Beyt-Ha’aravah, Midin, Sekakah,

OET-RV JOS 15:62

62 Nivshan, the Ir-Hamelah, and Eyn-Gedi—six cities as well as their villages.

OET-LV JOS 15:61

61 In_wilderness Bēyt ˊArāⱱāh Middin and_Secacah.

OET-LV JOS 15:62

62 And_(the)_Nibshan and_the_city_of (the)_Salt and_ ˊĒyn- gedī cities six and_villages_of_their.
Show passage in OET: ISA 42:11

OET-RV ISA 42:11

11 Let the wilderness and its cities lift up their voice—
 ⇔ the villages where the Bedouins live.
 ⇔ Let the inhabitants of Edom’s capital Sela sing.
 ⇔ ≈ Let them shout from the mountaintops.

OET-LV ISA 42:11

11 The_wilderness and_cities_of_its let_them_lift_up the_villages Qēdār where_it_dwells the_inhabitants_of Şelaˊ let_them_shout_for_joy from_the_top_of the_mountains let_them_cry_aloud.

Jump to OET JOS 15:61–62 section.

Jump to OET ISA 42:11 section.

The wilderness is associated with both austerity and temptation. Elijah, by his way of life and his dress, is often thought of in connection with the wilderness. His successor, Elisha, had occasion to minister in the wilderness of Edom (2 Kgs 3:4-27).

Isaiah prophesied of the message of John the Baptist, who preached in the wilderness of Judea (Is 40:3; Mt 3:1-3; Mk 1:2-4; Lk 3:1-6; Jn 1:23). Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, was led by the Spirit into the wilderness for 40 days. There he was tempted by the devil (cf. Lk 4:1-2), but there also angels ministered to him (Mk 1:13). The anchorites (hermits) of Egypt and the Qumran community near the Dead Sea used the wilderness as an escape from the evils of urban life. Jesus, however, used the wilderness as a place of prayer and communion with the Father (Lk 5:16).

Show passage in OET: ISA 40:3

OET-RV ISA 40:3

 ⇔  3 A voice calls out in the wilderness to clear the path for Yahweh.
 ⇔ Make a straight road in the Aravah plain for our god.

OET-LV ISA 40:3

3 A_voice is_calling in_wilderness make_clear the_way_of YHWH make_straight in_plain a_highway for_god_of_our.
Show passage in OET: MAT 3:1–3

OET-RV MAT 3:1

3 That was the time when Yohan-the-immerser started preaching in the Yehudah (Judea) wilderness,

OET-RV MAT 3:2

2 telling everyone, “Turn from your sins, because the heavenly kingdom is close.”

OET-RV MAT 3:3

3 This is the man that the prophet Yeshayah (Isaiah) was talking about when he wrote:
 ⇔ ‘The voice of one shouting in the wilderness
 ⇔ prepare the road for Yahweh;
 ⇔ straighten his paths.’

OET-LV MAT 3:1

3 And in the those days Yōannaʸs the immerser is_arriving, proclaiming in the wilderness of_ the _Youdaia

OET-LV MAT 3:2

2 saying:
Be_repenting, because/for the kingdom of_the heavens has_neared.

OET-LV MAT 3:3

3 For/Because this is the one having_been_spoken through Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh) the prophet saying:
The_voice of_a_shouting one in the wilderness prepare the way of_the_master, be_making the paths of_him straight.
Show passage in OET: MRK 1:2–4

OET-RV MRK 1:2

2 The prophet Yeshayah (Isaiah) wrote:
 ⇔ “Look, I’m sending my messenger ahead of you,
 ⇔ the one who’ll be preparing your path.

OET-RV MRK 1:3

3 The voice out in the wilderness shouting,
 ⇔ ‘Get the path ready for Yahweh—
 ⇔ ≈ make it smooth for him to walk on.’ ”

OET-RV MRK 1:4

4 Yohan (John; Grk. Yoannes) turned up in the wilderness announcing that people should get immersed in water in order to show that their sins have been forgiven,

OET-LV MRK 1:2

2 As it_has_been_written in the Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh) the prophet:
Behold, I_am_sending_out the messenger of_me before the_face of_you, who will_be_preparing the way of_you.

OET-LV MRK 1:3

3 The_voice of_a_shouting one in the wilderness prepare the way of_the_master, be_making the paths of_him straight.

OET-LV MRK 1:4

4 Yōannaʸs became the one immersing in the wilderness, and proclaiming an_immersion of_repentance for forgiveness of_sins.
Show passage in OET: LUK 3:1–6

OET-RV LUK 3:1

3 It was the fifteenth year of the rule of Kaisar Tiberios when Pontios Pilatos (Pilate) was the governor of Yehudah (Judea) and Herodes (Herod) was the ruler of the Galili quarter. His brother Filippos (Philip) was the ruler of the Iturean quarter and of the region of Trakonitis, and Lusanias was the ruler of the Abilainai quarter.

OET-RV LUK 3:2

2 Hanan (Annas; Grk. Hannas) and Kayafa (Caiaphas; Grk. Kaiafas) were the high priests in Yerushalem (Jerusalem), and this was the time when Yohan (John; Grk. Yoannes) (son of Zekaryah (Grk. Zakarias)) began preaching God’s message in the wilderness.

OET-RV LUK 3:3

3 He went around all the areas surrounding the Yarden (Jordan) River, telling the people that they could get immersed in water as a sign they were turning away from disobeying God and requesting forgiveness

OET-RV LUK 3:4

4 just like the prophet Yeshayah (Isaiah) had written:
 ⇔ ‘The voice shouting in the wilderness
 ⇔ prepare Yahweh’s road,
 ⇔ make his paths straight.

OET-RV LUK 3:5

5 Every valley will be filled up,
 ⇔ and every mountain and hill will be levelled off.
 ⇔ What’s crooked will be made straight,
 ⇔ and the rough roads will be made smooth.

OET-RV LUK 3:6

6 and everybody will see God’s salvation.’

OET-LV LUK 3:1

3 And in the_ fifteenth _year of_the government of_Tiberios Kaisar, Pontios Pilatos was governing of_ the _Youdaia, and Haʸrōdaʸs being_quarter_ruler of_ the _Galilaia/(Gālīl), And Filippos the brother of_him being_quarter_ruler of_ the _Itouraios and Traⱪōnitis region, and Lusanios the being_quarter_ruler of_Abilaʸnaʸ,

OET-LV LUK 3:2

2 during the_chief_priest of_Annas and Kaiafas, the_message of_god became on Yōannaʸs, the of_Zaⱪarias son, in the wilderness.

OET-LV LUK 3:3

3 And he_came into all the_surrounding_region of_the Yordanaʸs/(Yardēn), proclaiming an_immersion of_repentance for forgiveness of_sins,

OET-LV LUK 3:4

4 as it_has_been_written in the_scroll of_the_messages of_Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh) the prophet:
The_voice shouting in the wilderness prepare the way of_the_master, be_making the paths of_him straight.

OET-LV LUK 3:5

5 Every valley will_be_being_filled, and every mountain and hill will_be_being_brought_low, and the crooked will_be into straight, and the rough ways into smooth,

OET-LV LUK 3:6

6 and all flesh will_be_seeing the salvation of_ the _god.
Show passage in OET: JHN 1:23

OET-RV JHN 1:23

23 So he said, “I am a voice shouting in the wilderness smooth the path of Yahweh, as the prophet Yeshayah (Isaiah) said.”

OET-LV JHN 1:23

23 He_was_saying:
I am A_voice shouting in the wilderness straighten the way of_the_master, as Aʸsaias/(Yəshaˊyāh) the prophet said.
Show passage in OET: LUK 4:1–2

OET-RV LUK 4:1

4 Then Yeshua (Jesus; Grk. Yesus), full of the holy spirit, returned from the Yarden (Jordan) region and was led into the wilderness by the spirit

OET-RV LUK 4:2

2 where he was tested by the devil for forty days. He didn’t eat anything during that time, and was hungry at the end.

OET-LV LUK 4:1

4 And Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) full of_the_ holy _spirit, returned from the Yordanaʸs/(Yardēn), and was_being_led by the spirit in the wilderness,

OET-LV LUK 4:2

2 being_tempted forty days by the devil.
And he_ not _ate nothing in the those days, and them having_been_completed, he_hungered.
Show passage in OET: MRK 1:13

OET-RV MRK 1:13

13 where he was tested by Satan for forty days. He was out there with the wild animals, but God’s messengers looked after him there.

OET-LV MRK 1:13

13 And he_was in the wilderness forty days being_tempted by the Satan/(Sāţān), and he_was with the wild_beasts, and the messengers were_serving unto_him.
Show passage in OET: LUK 5:16

OET-RV LUK 5:16

16 but then he would regularly withdraw into the wilderness to pray.

OET-LV LUK 5:16

16 But he was withdrawing in the wildernesss and praying.

Jump to OET ISA 40:3 section.

Jump to OET MAT 3:1–3 section.

Jump to OET MRK 1:2–4 section.

Jump to OET LUK 3:1–6 section.

Jump to OET JHN 1:23 section.

Jump to OET LUK 4:1–2 section.

Jump to OET MRK 1:13 section.

Jump to OET LUK 5:16 section.

See Desert; Wilderness Wanderings.