AICNT YUD section

[fn] 1 Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ[fn] and brother of James, to those who are {loved}[fn] in God the Father and kept for Jesus Christ, called: 2 May mercy, peace, and love be multiplied to you.

3 Beloved, while I was making every effort to write to you about our common salvation [[and life]],[fn] I felt the necessity to write to you urging you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all handed down to the saints. 4 For certain men have crept in unnoticed, those who were long beforehand marked out for this condemnation, ungodly persons who turn the grace of our God into licentiousness and deny {our only Master and Lord},[fn] Jesus Christ.

5 Now I desire to remind you, [[brothers]][fn] knowing {once for all}[fn] that {the Lord},[fn] having saved a people out of the land of Egypt, the second time destroyed those who did not believe.

6 And angels who did not keep their own domain, but abandoned their proper abode, he has kept in eternal bonds under darkness for the judgment of the great day, 7 just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, since they in the same way as these indulged in gross immorality and went after strange flesh, are exhibited as an example in undergoing the punishment of eternal fire.

8 Likewise, however, these people, while dreaming, defile the flesh, they reject authority, and blaspheme glories.[fn] 9 But Michael the archangel, when he disputed with the devil and argued about the body of Moses, did not dare pronounce against him a railing judgment, but said, “{The Lord}[fn] rebuke you!”

10 These men, indeed, blaspheme in matters they do not understand; and in things they know by instinct, like unreasoning animals, they are destroyed in these things.

11 Woe to them! For they have gone the way of Cain, and for pay they have rushed headlong into the error of Balaam, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.

12 [These are][fn] [[grumblers, malcontents, following after their own lusts,]][fn] blemishes[fn] in your {love feasts},[fn] feasting with you without fear, tending to themselves, waterless clouds carried along by winds, autumn trees without fruit, twice dead, uprooted, 13 wild waves of the sea, foaming up their own shame; wandering stars, for whom the gloom of darkness has been reserved forever.

14 It was also about these men that Enoch, in the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied, saying, “Behold, the Lord came with many thousands of {his holy ones},[fn] 15 To execute judgment against all, and to convict {every soul}[fn] concerning all the works [of their ungodliness],[fn] and concerning all the harsh {things}[fn] which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.”[fn]

16 These are grumblers, finding fault, following after {their}[fn] desires; they speak arrogantly, flattering people for the sake of gaining an advantage.

17 But you, beloved, ought to remember the words that were spoken beforehand by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ, 18 that they were saying to you, [[that]][fn] “At the end of time there will be mockers, following after their own ungodly lusts.” 19 These are the ones who cause divisions, worldly-minded, devoid of the Spirit.

20 But you, beloved, building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit,[fn] 21 keep yourselves in the love of God, waiting anxiously for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to eternal life.

22 [And {have mercy on}[fn] some, who are doubting; 23 save others, snatching them][fn] out of the fire; [but others have mercy on them with fear,][fn] hating even the garment polluted by the flesh.

24 Now to him [who is able to keep {you}[fn] from stumbling, and to make you stand in the presence of his glory][fn] blameless with great joy, 25 to the only [[wise]][fn] God [our savior],[fn] [through Jesus Christ our Lord,][fn] be glory, majesty, dominion and authority, [before all ages],[fn] and now and forever. Amen.

1:0, Title (“Jude”): Absent from ℵ(01) B(03) ‖ BYZ reads “Jude.” ‖ 𝔓72 A(02) reads “Letter of Jude.” ‖ TR reads “Of Jude the apostle, the general letter.”

1:1, Christ: The Greek word for Christ means (1) fulfiller of Israelite expectation of a deliverer, the Anointed One, the Messiah, the Christ, (2) the personal name ascribed to Jesus, Christ. (BDAG, Χριστός).

1:1, loved: Some manuscripts read “sanctified.” BYZ TR.

1:3, and life: Included in ℵ(01).

1:4, our only Master and Lord: Some manuscripts read “And denying the only Master, God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.” BYZ TR ‖ P72 reads “the law of us, our Master and Lord.”

1:5, brothers: Included in 𝔓78.

1:5, once for all: Some manuscripts read “that you once knew everything.”

1:5, the Lord: ℵ(01) C(04) BYZ TR NA27 ‖ Some manuscripts read “Jesus.” A(02) B(03) NA28 SBLGNT THGNT ‖ This was changed from “Lord” in NA-27 to “Jesus” in NA28. In UBS-5 this variant is classified with {C} which indicates that the Committee had difficulty in deciding which variant to place in the text. 𝔓72 is a third-century manuscript that contains the unique reading “Christ.” In 𝔓72, a later corrector also added “God” before “Christ.” “Lord” is selected over “Jesus” from the critical editions as that is the more theologically neutral option. “The Lord” is also attested by the critical editions of Westcott Hort, Tregelle, and the Greek text underlying the NIV translation.

1:8, glories: Or “glorious ones.”

1:9, the Lord: ℵ(01) reads “God.”

1:12, These are: Absent from C(04).

1:12, grumblers, malcontents, following after their own lusts: Included in ℵ(01).

1:12, blemishes: The Greek word has two meanings: (1) a rocky hazard hidden by waves, a rock washed by the sea, a (hidden) reef or (2) that which soil or discolors, spit, stain (BDAG, σπιλάς).

1:12, love feasts: A(02) reads “deceptions.”

1:14, his holy ones: Some manuscripts read “holy angels.” 𝔓72 ℵ(01).

1:15, every soul: 𝔓72 ℵ(01) NA28 ‖ Some manuscripts read “all the ungodly.” A(02) B(03) C(04) SBLGNT THGNT ‖ BYZ TR read “all of their ungodly.”

1:15, of their ungodliness: Absent from ℵ(01).

1:15, things: ℵ(01) reads “words.”

1:15, 1 Enoch 1:9.

1:16, their: ℵ(01) A(02) BYZ TR SBLGNT THGNT ‖ Some manuscripts read “their own.” B(03) C(04) NA28.

1:18, that: Absent from ℵ(01) B(03).

1:20, Spirit: The Greek word for Spirit is given the following definitions by BDAG: (1) air in movement, blowing, breathing, (2) that which animates or gives life to the body, breath, (life-)spirit, (3) a part of human personality, spirit, (4) an independent noncorporeal being, in contrast to a being that can be perceived by the physical senses, spirit, or (5) God's being as controlling influence, with focus on association with humans, Spirit, spirit... (c) Because of its heavenly origin and nature this Spirit is called (the) Holy Spirit. (BDAG, πνεῦμα).

1:22, have mercy on: Some manuscripts read “rebuke.” A(02) C(04)*.

1:23-24, And have mercy on some...: Absent from 𝔓72.

1:23, but others have mercy on them with fear: Absent from C(04) BYZ TR.

1:24, you: Some manuscripts read “them.” BYZ.

1:24, who is able to keep...: Absent from 𝔓72.

1:25, wise: Included in BYZ TR.

1:25, our savior: Absent from 𝔓72.

1:25, through Jesus Christ our Lord: Absent from BYZ TR.

1:25, before all ages: Absent from 𝔓72 BYZ TR.

AICNT by section YUD 1:1

Jude 1