YUD 1:11 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT Woe to them! For they have gone in the way of Cain and have abandoned themselves to the error of Balaam for wages, and in the rebellion of Korah they perished.

UST How sad it is for them! They act like Cain, who murdered his brother. They have dedicated themselves to committing the same sin that Balaam committed in order to get money. God will certainly destroy them like he destroyed Korah and those who rebelled against Moses with him.

BSB Woe to them! They have traveled the path of Cain; they have rushed for profit into the error of Balaam; they have perished in Korah’s rebellion.

BLB Woe to them, because they have gone in the way of Cain, and rushed for profit to the error of Balaam, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.

AICNT Woe to them! For they have gone the way of Cain, and for pay they have rushed headlong into the error of Balaam, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.

OEB Alas for them! They walk in the steps of Cain; led astray by Balaam’s love of gain, they plunge into sin, and meet their ruin through rebellion like Korah.

WEBBE Woe to them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in Korah’s rebellion.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Woe to them! For they have traveled down Cain’s path, and because of greed have abandoned themselves to Balaam’s error; hence, they will certainly perish in Korah’s rebellion.

LSV woe to them! Because they went on in the way of Cain, and they rushed to the deceit of Balaam for reward, and in the controversy of Korah they perished.

FBV They're in terrible trouble! For they have followed Cain's way. Like Balaam and his delusion, they have abandoned themselves to the profit motive. Like Korah and his rebellion, they have destroyed themselves.

TCNT Woe to them! For they went in the way of Cain, they rushed for reward to the error of Balaam, and they perished in the rebellion of Korah.

T4T God will do terrible things to those who teach false doctrine! They conduct their lives wickedly like Cain, who murdered his brother because he was ◄jealous/angry because God accepted his brother’s sacrifice and did not accept his►. These false teachers ◄devote themselves to [MET] doing wrong things like Balaam, who tried to induce God’s people to sin in order to get the money that was offered to him. They will perish like Korah, who rebelled against the authority that God gave to Moses.

LEB No LEB YUD (JUD) 1:11 verse available

BBE A curse on them! They have gone in the way of Cain, running uncontrolled into the error of Balaam for reward, and have come to destruction by saying evil against the Lord, like Korah.

Moff Woe to them! they go the road of Cain, rush into Balaam's error for what it brings them, and perish in Korah's rebellion.

Wymth Alas for them; for they have followed in the steps of Cain; for the sake of gain they have rushed on headlong in the evil ways of Balaam; and have perished in rebellion like that of Korah!

ASV Woe unto them! for they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in the gainsaying of Korah.

DRA Woe unto them, for they have gone in the way of Cain: and after the error of Balaam they have for reward poured out themselves, and have perished in the contradiction of Core.

YLT woe to them! because in the way of Cain they did go on, and to the deceit of Balaam for reward they did rush, and in the gainsaying of Korah they did perish.

Drby Woe to them! because they have gone in the way of Cain, and given themselves up to the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

RV Woe unto them! for they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in the gainsaying of Korah.

SLT Woe to them for they went in the way of Cain, and were poured out in the error of Balaam for a reward, and they were destroyed in the controversy of Core.

Wbstr Woe to them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and run greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

KJB-1769 Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

KJB-1611 Wo vnto them, for they haue gone in the way of Kain, and ranne greedily after the errour of Balaam, for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.
(Woe unto them, for they have gone in the way of Kain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam, for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.)

Bshps Wo be vnto the, for they haue folowed the way of Cain, and are vtterly geuen to the errour of Balaam for lucres sake, and perishe in the gaynsaying of Core.
(Woe be unto them, for they have followed the way of Cain, and are utterly given to the error of Balaam for lucres sake, and perish in the gaynsaying of Core.)

Gnva Wo be vnto them: for they haue followed the way of Cain, and are cast away by the deceit of Balaams wages, and perish in the gainsaying of Core.
(Woe be unto them: for they have followed the way of Cain, and are cast away by the deceit of Balaams wages, and perish in the gainsaying of Core. )

Cvdl Wo be vnto the, for they haue folowed the waye of Cain, and are vtterly geue to the erroure of Balaam for lukers sake, and perysshe in the treason of Core.
(Woe be unto them, for they have followed the way of Cain, and are utterly give to the error of Balaam for lukers sake, and perysshe in the treason of Core.)

TNT Wo be vnto them for they have folowed the waye of Cayn and are vtterly geven to the erroure of Balam for lukers sake and perysshe in the treason of Core.
(Woe be unto them for they have followed the way of Cayn and are utterly given to the error of Balam for lukers sake and perysshe in the treason of Core. )

Wycl Wo to hem that wenten the weie of Caym, and that ben sched out bi errour of Balaam for mede, and perischiden in the ayenseiyng of Chore.
(Woe to hem that went the way of Caym, and that been shed out by error of Balaam for mede, and perished in the againsteiing of Chore.)

Luth Wehe ihnen! denn sie gehen den Weg Kains und fallen in den Irrtum des Bileam um Genießes willen und kommen um in dem Aufruhr Korahs.
(Woe to_them! because/than they/she/them go the way/path/road Kains and fall/drop in the Irrtum the Bileam around/by/for Genießes will and coming around/by/for in to_him revolt Korahs.)

ClVg Væ illis, quia in via Cain abierunt, et errore Balaam mercede effusi sunt, et in contradictione Core perierunt ![fn]
(Alas/Woe to_them, because in/into/on way/road Cain they_are_gone, and by_mistake Balaam reward poured_out are, and in/into/on contradiction Core they_perished ! )

1.11 Væ illis, etc. Quia per omnia hæretici monstrati sunt a verbo veritatis cecidisse, ostendit eos diversis malis subjectos. BEDA. In viam Cain abeunt, qui propter invidiam, etc., usque ad veritatem quam noverunt impugnant.

1.11 Alas/Woe to_them, etc. Because through everything heretics mountaintrati are from word to_the_truths having_fallen, he_showed them different bad_things subjects. BEDA. In way/road Cain abeunt, who/which because envy, etc., until to the_truth how they_know impugnant.

UGNT οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς! ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.
(ouai autois! hoti taʸ hodōi tou Kain eporeuthaʸsan, kai taʸ planaʸ tou Balaʼam misthou exeⱪuthaʸsan, kai taʸ antilogia tou Kore apōlonto.)

SBL-GNT οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς, ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.
(ouai autois, hoti taʸ hodōi tou Kain eporeuthaʸsan, kai taʸ planaʸ tou Balaʼam misthou exeⱪuthaʸsan, kai taʸ antilogia tou Kore apōlonto.)

RP-GNT Οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς· ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.
(Ouai autois; hoti taʸ hodōi tou Kain eporeuthaʸsan, kai taʸ planaʸ tou Balaʼam misthou exeⱪuthaʸsan, kai taʸ antilogia tou Kore apōlonto.)

TC-GNT Οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς· ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.
(Ouai autois; hoti taʸ hodōi tou Kain eporeuthaʸsan, kai taʸ planaʸ tou Balaʼam misthou exeⱪuthaʸsan, kai taʸ antilogia tou Kore apōlonto. )

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5–19: Jude gave illustrations to prove that the Lord would punish the fake Christians

In this section, Jude described the sins of the fake Christians in more detail. He also foretold that the Lord would punish them. He used a special Jewish styleAs mentioned in the Outline, this style was called “midrash.” Jewish rabbis sometimes used this text-application style of presentation. in these verses. He referred to different examples, often taken from the Bible. Then he applied these examples to the situation about which he was writing.

Jude organized this part of his letter as follows:

Example	Application
verses 5–7	verse 8Verse 8 is the application for the examples in 5–7 and could end that paragraph. Verse 8 also introduces 9–10 and could begin that paragraph. These Notes show the paragraph division between verse 7 and verse 8, as does almost every English version.
verse 9	verse 10
verse 11	verses 12–13
verses 14–15	verse 16
verses 17–18	verse 19

The main purpose of the section was to show that the Lord would certainly punish these fake Christians. Jude compared them with well-known individuals and groups mentioned in the Old Testament and in other Jewish writings. He also used things found in nature to describe their sinful ways. Through these examples, he explained that these fake Christians deserved the punishment which they would receive.

Paragraph 11–13

In this paragraph, Jude compared the fake Christians to three men from the Old Testament (verse 11). These three men were Cain, Balaam, and Korah. They were famous because they had sinned greatly. Jude used these three men to show that the Lord would condemn the fake Christians, because they had sinned like these three men had sinned. Jude also illustrated the wickedness of the fake Christians by comparing them to objects from nature (verses 12–13).

11

In this verse, Jude used a style of writing called a “woe oracle.”Woe oracles are common in the Old Testament and in the Gospels. Writers used them to announce punishment for sin, and that was Jude’s purpose here. This woe oracle has three parts. They are:

the woe,
the sins committed,
judgment against the fake Christians.

11a

Woe to them!

¶ How terrible/horrible it will be for them!
¶ Trouble/Punishment will surely come to them.
¶ They are doomed,

Woe to them!: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates here as Woe to them is often used in the Bible when people are in trouble because of their sin(s). Ways to translate this include:

How terrible it will be for them! (NLT)

They are doomed.

Trouble is coming to them.

Their sins doom them.

11b

They have traveled the path of Cain;

They have followed the way of the evil man Cain,
They have chosen to sin like Cain.
because they have behaved wickedly like Adam’s son Cain did.

The Greek text of 11b begins with the conjunction, hoti. Here this conjunction means “because.” It introduces the reasons that the fake Christians would be judged and punished.

Many English versions,English versions that make hoti implicit here include: BSB, CEV, GW, NCV, NIV, NJB, REB, GNT. like the BSB, do not use a connector here. Instead, they make the connection implicit. If you translate hoti, try to make it clear that it connects 11a with 11b–d, not just with 11b. The NJB shows one way to translate this connection:

^11aAlas for them, ^11b–dbecause they have followed Cain…. (NJB)

They have traveled the path of Cain: In the Bible, words like path, “road,” or “way” often refer to the type of life that a person lives, that is, to his behavior. So They have traveled the path of Cain means:

they have chosen to behave like Cain.

In Genesis chapter 4, Cain and his brother Abel offered sacrifices to God. God accepted Abel’s sacrifice, but he did not accept Cain’s sacrifice. Because of this, Cain became very angry and murdered his brother. Although Cain’s sin of murder was emphasized, he became known more generally to the Jews as someone who was selfish and who led others to sin.Cain is mentioned in the New Testament in 1 John 3:12 as an example that we should not follow. Non-biblical Jewish literature also used Cain as an example of sinful behavior.

Jude used Cain as an example of someone who sinned throughout his life, so your translation should not be too specific. A translation should not say or imply that Jude was referring only to Cain’s murder of his brother Abel. The idea here is of a lifetime of sin. Ways to say this include:

because they behave/live wickedly like Cain did.

because they sin the way Cain did.

If the people who will read your translation do not know who Cain is, you can tell them more about him in a footnote or perhaps in a glossary.

11c

they have rushed headlong into the error of Balaam;

they have eagerly sinned like Balaam sinned because they are greedy for money too,
Because they are greedy for money like Balaam was, they have eagerly made the same mistake that he made.
They have hastily made the same mistake that Balaam made of leading other people to sin in order to make money.

they have rushed headlong: The fake Christians were eager to get what they wanted, and this made them very willing to sin.Several English versions use rushed to describe the complete willingness of these fake Christians to sin in order to get what they wanted (BSB, GW, JBP, NASB, NIV). In fact, the Greek expression literally indicates that they were “carried along” by the sin. This is a figure of speech, and in some languages there may be other figures to express this idea. Other ways to express it in English include:

they have plunged into (REB)

abandon themselves to (NRSV)

they have given themselves (NCV, GNT)

If your language has a special way to speak about a person who does something without hesitation and without holding himself back, you may want to use it here.

into the error of Balaam: Balaam was a prophetBalaam is identified as a prophet in 2 Peter 2:15–16. who lived during the time of Moses (Numbers 22–24 and Deuteronomy 23:3–6). He was not an Israelite. The leaders of Moab and Midian,According to Numbers 22:7, the elders of Moab and the elders of Midian went to Balaam. who were enemies of the Israelites, hired Balaam to curse the Israelites.

God did not allow Balaam to curse the Israelites, so the leaders did not pay Balaam. Because he wanted money, Balaam made a new plan. He told the enemies of the Israelites to send their women to seduce the Israelite men to sin sexually and worship idols (Numbers chapter 25 and Numbers 31:16). Many Israelite men sinned with these women. Later, the Israelites killed Balaam (Numbers 31:8).

error: Balaam’s greed caused his error. His error was sinful, not an error that he made by accident. His error has two main aspects:

His error was the wrong he did, that he led others to sin. For example:
for money they have given themselves to doing the wrong that Balaam did. (NCV)
His error was his wrong thinking. His desire for money led him to make the mistake of going against God.He paid a big price for this mistake—death (Numbers 31:8). For example:
they have thrown themselves into the same delusion as Balaam for a reward. (NJB)

The fake Christians erred just like Balaam had erred.

One way to translate 11c that includes both aspects is:

They have wholeheartedly given themselves over to sin. Because they are greedy for money like Balaam was, they have made the mistake that he made of leading other people to sin.

11d

they have perished in Korah’s rebellion.

and they will surely be ruined/destroyed because they are rebelling like Korah did.
And because they lead people to rebel against God as Korah did, they have ruined/destroyed themselves.
Just like Korah was destroyed because of his rebellion, these people will be destroyed because they also are rebelling against the Lord.

they have perished: The BSB has used a passive verb here. However, the Greek text could also be translated literally as “they have destroyed themselves.” By their rebellion, the fake Christians caused their own destruction. Other ways to say this are:

they have…destroyed themselves (GW, JBP)

they have been ruined by the same rebellion as Korah—and share the same fate. (NJB)

The Lord is the one who would punish the fake Christians, but this verse focuses on their sinful actions. However, in some languages it may be more natural to use a passive verb.For translators working in a language that does not use passive verbs, it is especially appropriate to use a reflexive translation like “they have destroyed themselves.” Such a translation would not require a translator to specify “the Lord” or “God” as an agent, thus shifting the focus of the verse away from the motivation and actions of the fake Christians. None of the English versions used in these Notes have changed the expression to an active one in such a way. For example:

they will…be destroyed (CEV, NCV)

they will…perish (NET, NLT)

have perished: Jude spoke here as though they had already been destroyed or perished. However, he did not mean that the fake Christians had already been punished or had died. Instead, the verb form he used indicates that they had made their destruction certainThe thought is similar to the English idiomatic expression, “They are as good as dead.” by disobeying God. In some languages it may be more natural to use a future tense. For example:

And like Korah, they will perish because of their rebellion. (NLT)

in Korah’s rebellion: Korah, along with some other Israelite men, led a rebellion against Moses and Aaron (Numbers chapter 16). By rebelling against the leaders whom God had chosen, Korah and his followers were rebelling against God himself.God gave just Aaron and his sons the privilege of being priests, and God assigned just the Levites to serve in his house. Korah and his followers rebelled, by saying that Israelites from other tribes and families could also do these things. God destroyed the leaders of this rebellion by causing the earth to open up and “swallow” them alive. He also sent fire from heaven to destroy the people who followed Korah and the other leaders.

rebellion: The Greek word that the BSB translates as rebellion does not refer to an armed or military conflict. Instead, it refers to disobedience. Korah disobeyed the Lord and also led other people to disobey him. The fake Christians that Jude wrote about also disobeyed the Lord and influenced others to disobey him.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὐαί αὐτοῖς Ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν καί τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαάμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν καί τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο)

The phrase Woe to them is the opposite of “blessed are you.” It indicates that bad things are going to happen to the people being addressed, because they have displeased God. Alternate translation: [How terrible it is for them] or [Trouble will come to them]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν

˱in˲_the way ¬the ˱of˲_Cain ˱they˲_˓were˒_gone

Here, have gone in the way is a metaphor for “have lived in the same way as.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: [they have lived the same way Cain lived]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοῦ Κάϊν

¬the ˱of˲_Cain

Jude compares the false teachers to Cain. Jude assumes that his readers will know that he is referring to a story recorded in the Old Testament book of Genesis. In that story, Cain made an unacceptable offering to God, and God rejected his offering. As a result he became angry and was jealous of his brother Abel, because God had accepted Abel’s offering. Cain’s anger and jealousy led him to murder his brother. God punished Cain by banishing him from farming the land. Additionally, at the time Jude wrote this letter, Jews considered Cain to be an example of someone who taught other people how to sin, which is what these false teachers were doing. You could indicate some of this explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers, particularly if they would not know the story. Alternate translation, as a statement: [of Cain, who murdered his brother]

ἐξεχύθησαν

˱they˲_˓were˒_poured_out

Alternate translation: [they have fully committed themselves]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ

¬the ¬the ¬the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὐαί αὐτοῖς Ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν καί τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαάμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν καί τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο)

Jude compares the false teachers to Balaam. Jude assumes that his readers will know that he is referring to a story recorded in the Old Testament book of Numbers. In that story, Balaam was hired by wicked kings to curse the Israelites. When God did not allow Balaam to do so, Balaam used wicked women to seduce the Israelites into sexual immorality and idol worship so that God would punish them for their disobedience. Balaam did these wicked things because he wanted to be paid by the wicked kings, but he was eventually killed by the Israelites when they conquered the land of Canaan. You could indicate this explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers, particularly if they would not know the story. Alternate translation, as a statement: [of Balaam, who led the Israelites into immorality for money]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τοῦ Κόρε

¬the ¬the ¬the ˱of˲_Kore

Jude compares the false teachers to Korah. Jude assumes that his readers will know that he is referring to a story recorded in the Old Testament book of Numbers. In that story, Korah was a man of Israel who led a rebellion against the leadership of Moses and Aaron, whom God had appointed. God killed Korah and all those who rebelled with him by burning some of them and opening up the ground to swallow up the others. You could indicate some of this explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers, particularly if they would not know the story. Alternate translation, as a statement: [of Korah, who rebelled against God’s appointed leaders,]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

ἀπώλοντο

˱they˲_perished

Jude is using the past tense in order to refer to something that will happen in the future. He is doing this to show that the event will certainly happen. If this is not clear in your language, you could use the future tense. Alternate translation: [they will certainly perish]

Parallel YUD 1:11

Section 5–19: Jude gave illustrations to prove that the Lord would punish the fake Christians

Paragraph 11–13

11

11a

11b

11c

11d