YUD 1:8 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT Yet in the same way also, these, dreaming, indeed defile the flesh, but reject lordship and slander the glorious.

UST Similarly, these false teachers are dreamers who not only make their own bodies dirty by living immorally, but also reject the Lord’s commands. They even insult God’s glorious angels.

BSB Yet in the same way these dreamers defile [their] bodies, reject authority, and slander glorious [beings].

BLB Yet likewise also these dreaming ones indeed defile the flesh, and set aside authority, and blaspheme glorious ones.

AICNT Likewise, however, these people, while dreaming, defile the flesh, they reject authority, and blaspheme glories.[fn]

1:8, glories: Or “glorious ones.”

OEB Yet in the same way these people, too, cherishing vain dreams, pollute our human nature, reject control, and malign the celestial beings.

WEBBE Yet in the same way, these also in their dreaming defile the flesh, despise authority, and slander celestial beings.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Yet these men, as a result of their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and insult the glorious ones.

LSV In like manner, nevertheless, those dreaming indeed defile the flesh, and they disregard lordship, and they speak evil of glorious [ones],

FBV Likewise these dreamers[fn] pollute their bodies, disregard authority, and insult heavenly beings.

1:8 The reference is to the people mentioned in verse 4.

TCNT In the same way these ungodly men, relying on their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and revile glorious beings.

T4T Similarly, these ungodly people in your midst also defile their own bodies by living immorally, because they claim/say that God revealed in visions that they should act that way. They refuse to allow anyone to have authority over them, and they ◄revile/speak evil about► God’s glorious/wonderful angels.

LEB No LEB YUD (JUD) 1:8 verse available

BBE In the same way these dreamers make the flesh unclean, having no respect for authorities, and say evil of rulers.

Moff Despite it all, these visionaries pollute their flesh, scorn the Powers celestial, and scoff at the angelic Glories.

Wymth Yet in just the same way these dreamers also pollute the body, while they set authority at naught and speak evil of dignities.

ASV Yet in like manner these also in their dreamings defile the flesh, and set at nought dominion, and rail at dignities.

DRA In like manner these men also defile the flesh, and despise dominion, and blaspheme majesty.

YLT In like manner, nevertheless, those dreaming also the flesh indeed do defile, and lordship they put away, and dignities they speak evil of,

Drby Yet in like manner these dreamers also defile [the] flesh, and despise lordship, and speak railingly against dignities.

RV Yet in like manner these also in their dreamings defile the flesh, and set at nought dominion, and rail at dignities.
(Yet in like manner these also in their dreamings defile the flesh, and set at naught/nothing dominion, and rail at dignitys. )

SLT And likewise indeed these dreaming truly defile the flesh, and despise dominion, and defame glories.

Wbstr Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities.

KJB-1769 Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities.
(Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignitys. )

KJB-1611 Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speake euill of dignities.
(Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignitys.)

Bshps Lykewyse, these beyng deceaued by dreames, defyle the flesh, despise rulers, and speake euyll of them that are in aucthoritie.
(Likewise, these being deceived by dreams, defile the flesh, despise rulers, and speak evil of them that are in authority.)

Gnva Likewise notwithstanding these sleepers also defile the flesh, and despise gouernment, and speake euill of them that are in authoritie.
(Likewise notwithstanding these sleepers also defile the flesh, and despise government, and speak evil of them that are in authority. )

Cvdl Lykewyse these dremers defyle the flesshe despyse rulers, and speake euell of them that are in auctoritie.
(Likewise these dremers defile the flesh despise rulers, and speak evil of them that are in authority.)

TNT Lykwyse these dremers defyle the flesshe despyse rulars and speake evyll of them that are in auctoritie.
(Lykwyse these dremers defile the flesh despise rulers and speak evil of them that are in authority. )

Wycl In lijk maner also these that defoulen the fleisch, and dispisen lordschip, and blasfemen mageste.
(In like manner also these that defiling the flesh, and despise lordship, and blaspheme majesty.)

Luth Desselbigengleichen sind auch diese Träumer, die das Fleisch beflecken, die Herrschaften aber verachten und die Majestäten lästern.
(Desselbigengleichen are also this/these dreamsr, the the flesh beflecken, the rule/reignen but despise/scorn and the Mayestäten gossip(v).)

ClVg Similiter et hi carnem quidem maculant, dominationem autem spernunt, majestatem autem blasphemant.[fn]
(Similarly/Likewise and these the_flesh indeed blemish/stainnt, dominationm however spernunt, majesty however blasphemant. )

1.8 Dominationem autem spernunt. In minoribus peccatis, majestatem blasphemantes: in criminalibus, nolendo humiliter confiteri et pœnitere: nullum habentes timorem, nec fidem venturi judicis.

1.8 Domination however spernunt. In to_the_minors sins, majesty blasphemantes: in/into/on criminalibus, nolendo humbly to_confess and repent: none having fear, but_not faith venturi judgements.

UGNT ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι, σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν.
(homoiōs mentoi kai houtoi enupniazomenoi, sarka men miainousin, kuriotaʸta de athetousin, doxas de blasfaʸmousin.)

SBL-GNT Ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν.
(Homoiōs mentoi kai houtoi enupniazomenoi sarka men miainousin, kuriotaʸta de athetousin, doxas de blasfaʸmousin.)

RP-GNT Ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν.
(Homoiōs mentoi kai houtoi enupniazomenoi sarka men miainousin, kuriotaʸta de athetousin, doxas de blasfaʸmousin.)

TC-GNT Ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσι, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσι, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν.
(Homoiōs mentoi kai houtoi enupniazomenoi sarka men miainousi, kuriotaʸta de athetousi, doxas de blasfaʸmousin. )

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translation Notes:

Section 5–19: Jude gave illustrations to prove that the Lord would punish the fake Christians

In this section, Jude described the sins of the fake Christians in more detail. He also foretold that the Lord would punish them. He used a special Jewish styleAs mentioned in the Outline, this style was called “midrash.” Jewish rabbis sometimes used this text-application style of presentation. in these verses. He referred to different examples, often taken from the Bible. Then he applied these examples to the situation about which he was writing.

Jude organized this part of his letter as follows:

Example	Application
verses 5–7	verse 8Verse 8 is the application for the examples in 5–7 and could end that paragraph. Verse 8 also introduces 9–10 and could begin that paragraph. These Notes show the paragraph division between verse 7 and verse 8, as does almost every English version.
verse 9	verse 10
verse 11	verses 12–13
verses 14–15	verse 16
verses 17–18	verse 19

The main purpose of the section was to show that the Lord would certainly punish these fake Christians. Jude compared them with well-known individuals and groups mentioned in the Old Testament and in other Jewish writings. He also used things found in nature to describe their sinful ways. Through these examples, he explained that these fake Christians deserved the punishment which they would receive.

Paragraph 8–10

In this paragraph, Jude wrote that the fake Christians (verse 4) had sinned in ways which were similar to the examples of sin in verses 5–7. Jude added another example to show how evil and unwise these people were (verse 9). He then said that they were like unthinking animals (verse 10).

8a

Yet in the same way these dreamers

¶ Nevertheless, in a similar way, these men, because of what they dream,
¶ Despite knowing about these examples, these men sin in similar ways, saying that what they dream permits them to do so.
¶ Even though they know these things, these people who have joined your^(plur) group sin in similar ways. They claim that God tells them certain things in their dreams, and so

Yet: The Greek text of this verse contains the word mentoi, which the BSB translates as Yet. This word helps to show how verse 8 relates to verses 5–7. Normally, it means “nevertheless.” In some languages this meaning may be implied without a connector, so some translations have left the connection implicit. In other languages a connecting word or phrase may help to make the connection clear.

Some other ways to translate mentoi here are:

Nevertheless…

Even though they know these things…

Despite knowing about these examples/warnings…

in the same way: The fake Christians whom Jude wrote about in verse 4 sinned in a manner which was similar to the three examples in verses 5–7. However, they did not commit exactly the same sins.

Some other ways that the English versions say this include:

in a similar way (GW)

in like manner (RSV)

in the very same way (NIV)

these dreamers: The phrase these dreamers refers to the fake Christians whom Jude had introduced in verse 4. Look for the most natural way in your language to indicate that these dreamers refers to the same people as the “certain men” (BSB) in verse 4.

Some English versions make this explicit. For example:

It is the same with these people who have entered your group. They are guided by dreams… (NCV)

Yet, in a similar way, the people who slipped in among you are dreamers. (GW)

dreamers: In this verse, Jude described these people as dreamers. They had dreams which they claimed were from God. They thought that these dreams gave them the authority to sin in the ways that Jude mentioned in this verse. However, these dreams were not really from God.

Some ways that English versions have expressed this include:

as a result of their dreams (NET)

who claim authority from their dreams (NLT)

8b

defile their bodies,

contaminate/defile their bodies with sexual sin,
They sin sexually,
they use their bodies to sin,

defile their bodies: Most scholars agree that defile their bodies refers to sexual sin. This phrase is a figure of speech. Jude was not saying that their bodies were physically dirty. Instead he meant that their sexual sin had made them spiritually impure. Because these people sinned sexually, they were similar to the people of Sodom and Gomorrah (verse 7).

If your language has a similar idiom that associates “being dirty” with “sin,” especially sexual sin, then you may be able to use it here. However, in some languages an expression like “dirty with sin” might simply mean that these people were physically dirty and that they had sinned. If this is true in your language, then you may:

Use an idiom that has the correct meaning in your language.
Use a descriptive phrase with the correct meaning. For example:
contaminate/defile themselves with sexual sin
live immoral lives
act immorally
sin sexually

8c

reject authority,

reject the Lord’s authority,
they defy the Lord,

reject authority: Scholars have different opinions concerning whose authority or what kind of authority these fake Christians rejected. The two main interpretations are:

Jude meant divine authority. For example:
reject the Lord’s authority (GW) (GW, NCV, NET note, NJB, GNT)
Jude meant authority in general, including human authority. For example:
reject all authority (CEV) (CEV)

Many English versions do not specify what kind of authority Jude meant. Jude probably intended interpretation (1), that these people rejected the Lord’s authority.The discussion of Jude 8 in the UBS Handbook points out: “The word for ‘authority,’ kuriotēta, is related to the word for Lord, kurios. It is likely therefore that reject authority here is equivalent in meaning to ‘deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ’ in verse 4f.”

Some languages require a translator to specify whose authority or what type of authority Jude meant. If you need to be specific in your translation, it is recommended that you specify:

the Lord’s authorityThe NET has this note: “Most likely, the authority of the Lord is in view. This verse, then, echoes the indictment of v. 4: ‘they deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.’”

However, if you have a suitable way in your language to refer to all types of authority, including divine authority, you may use it here.

8d

and slander glorious beings.

and scorn his glories.
and they lie against/about our^(incl) glorious Lord.
and they usurp/assume the Lord’s authority.

slander: The Greek word that the BSB translates here as slander is literally “blaspheme.” “Blaspheme” means to insult someone in a way that could injure their reputation.In English, “blaspheme” would generally apply to a deity, and “slander” to other personal beings, such as angels, human beings, and possibly Jesus according to his human nature. It is often used to refer to evil or irreverent statements about God, divine beings, or holy things. It can also mean to insult or disrespect God by saying or doing something that only God has the right or ability to say or do.

glorious beings: The Greek wordThis word in its plural accusative form, doxas, occurs only three times in the New Testament (1 Peter 1:11, 2 Peter 2:10, Jude 8). 2 Peter 2:10 is a parallel passage to Jude 8, and it is likely that the intended meaning is the same in both passages. 1 Peter 1:11 does not refer to angels, but rather to the glorious attributes associated with Jesus Christ. If 1 Peter and 2 Peter have a common author, then it can be assumed that divine attributes are meant in 2 Peter 2:10, and also in the parallel passage, Jude 8. that the BSB translates here as glorious beings is literally the noun “glories.” Scholars have different opinions concerning what Jude meant by “glories.” Two different interpretations are:

It refers to the glories of Jesus Christ; that is, to what he has done and to what he is like in his splendor and excellence. For example:
his glory (GW) (GW, NJB)
It refers to angels, or to some type of angel. For example:
the angels (NCV) (BSB, CEV, NASB, NCV, NET, NIV, REB, GNT)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1).“Glories” has this meaning in 1 Peter 1:11. There it refers to the glorious attributes associated with Jesus Christ after his suffering on earth ended. The general comment for 8d explains this in more detail. See also glory, Meaning 3, in the Glossary.

In modern English it is more natural to use the singular form of the noun “glory.”English versions of 1 Peter 1:11 often translate the plural noun doxas by singular noun “glory” (GW, KJV, NCV, NET, NLT, NRSV, RSV, GNT). For example:

the Lord’s glory

General Comment on 8d

Jude did not specify exactly what these fake Christians did. They probably claimed that they spoke with the Lord’s authority. Actually, they opposed his true will by lying in order to justify their evil actions. (See the notes on “these dreamers” and “dreamers” in 8a.)

In this way, the fake Christians spoke falsely about the Lord and insulted him. They may also have usurped his authority by passing judgment on other people in his name, or by opposing those who taught the truth.

The situation that Jude most likely referred to was that the fake Christians “blasphemed glories” by speaking with authority that belonged only to the Lord.This seems even more likely when verse 9 is considered, as well as 2 Peter 2:11. In 2 Peter 2:11, the judgment that angels do not bring is specified as “from the Lord.” A textual variant has, “before the Lord.” Either way, the angels are unwilling to speak a judgment that is the Lord’s to speak or to judge. Some ways to translate this include:

and insult/disrespect the Lord’s glory

and they lie against/about our glorious Lord.

and they usurp the Lord’s authority.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὁμοίως

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁμοίως μέντοι καί οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μέν μιαίνουσιν κυριότητα δέ ἀθετοῦσιν δόξας δέ βλασφημοῦσιν)

Here, in the same way refers back to the sexual immorality of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah referred to in the previous verse, and possibly the improper behavior of the wicked angels referred to in verse 6. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this connection explicitly. Alternate translation: [in the same way as these sexually immoral ones]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι

these dreaming_‹ones›

Here, these refers to the false teachers introduced in verse 4. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this phrase explicitly. Alternate translation: [these false teachers who dream]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν

˓the˒_flesh (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὁμοίως μέντοι καί οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μέν μιαίνουσιν κυριότητα δέ ἀθετοῦσιν δόξας δέ βλασφημοῦσιν)

Here, flesh refers to the bodies of these false teachers. Paul agrees with this idea when he says in 1 Corinthians 6:18 that sexual immorality is sin against one’s own body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this idea explicitly. Alternate translation: [defile their bodies]

κυριότητα

lordship

Here, lordship could refer to: (1) the lordship of Jesus. Alternate translation: [the ruling authority of Jesus] (2) the lordship of God. Alternate translation: [the ruling authority of God]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

κυριότητα & ἀθετοῦσιν

lordship & ˱they˲_˓are˒_rejecting

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun lordship with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: [reject what Jesus commands] or [reject what God commands]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

δόξας

glories

Jude is using the adjective glorious as a noun to mean a certain kind of being. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [glorious spiritual beings]

Parallel YUD 1:8

Section 5–19: Jude gave illustrations to prove that the Lord would punish the fake Christians

Paragraph 8–10

8a

8b

8c

8d

General Comment on 8d