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OET by section 1KI 10:1

1KI 10:1–10:13 ©

The queen from Sheva visits Shelomoh

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version 

10:1 The queen from Sheva visits Shelomoh

(2 Chr. 9:1-12)

10Now the queen from Sheva had heard a report about how Yahweh had blessed Shelomoh, and she came to test him with difficult questions.[ref] 2She came to Yerushalem with lots of her top people, camels carrying spices and gemstones and a lot of gold. Then she went to Shelomoh and started asking him everything that had been on her mind. 3He answered all her questions—there wasn’t any topic that he wasn’t able to shed light on. 4When the queen from Sheva saw the extent of Shelomoh’s wisdom, the palace that he’d built, 5the food on his table, the seating of his servants, the uniforms and the service of his waiters, and the burnt offerings that he sacrificed at Yahweh’s temple, she was totally lost for words.

6She told the king, “Wow, everything that I heard about you back in my own country, and about how wise you are, is true. 7I hadn’t believed it until I got here and saw it with my own eyes, but then I find that what I heard is only half of how incredible it is. Your wisdom and your goodness is way more than what I’d heard described. 8Your men are so fortunate and especially your servants who’re always standing in front of you and able to hear the wise things that you say. 9May your God Yahweh be blessed, who was pleased with you and placed you on Israel’s throne. He appointed you as king to rule them fairly and honestly because Yahweh loves Israel forever.”

10Then the queen gave to king four tonnes of gold and very many spices and precious gemstones. Never again did King Shelomoh receive more spices than what the queen gave him that day.

11King Hiram’s fleet also brought gold from Ofir as well as a lot of almug wood and precious gemstones. 12The king used the almug timber to make railings[fn] for the temple and the palace, and lyres and harps for the musicians. Such a quantity and quality of almug wood has never again been brought in or seen in Israel to this day.

13Then King Solomon gave the queen from Sheva everything she wanted—whatever she requested on top of what he had already given to her. Then she departed with her servants and returned to her country.


10:12 The exact meaning of this Hebrew word is unknown, especially as it’s only used once. (Other possibilities for the use of this obviously high-quality timber includes ‘steps’ or ‘pillars’.)


10and_queen of_Sheⱱaˊ [was]_hearing DOM the_report of_Shəlomoh to_name of_YHWH and_came to_test_him in/on/at/with_hard_questions.
2And_came Yərūshālayim/(Jerusalem)_to in/on/at/with_retinue numerous very camels [which_were]_carrying spices and_gold much very and_stone_of precious and_came to Shəlomoh and_spoke to_him/it DOM all that it_was with mind_her.
3And_answered to/for_her/it Shəlomoh DOM all questions_her not it_was anything concealed from the_king which not he_told to/for_her/it.
4And_she/it_saw the_queen of_Sheⱱaˊ DOM all the_wisdom of_Shəlomoh and_the_house which he_had_built.
5And_food table_his and_seating officials_his and_attendance servants_his[fn] and_clothing_their and_cupbearers_his and_burnt_offerings_his which he_offered_up the_house of_YHWH and_not it_was in/on/at/with_her still breath.
6And_she/it_said to the_king truth it_was the_report which I_heard in/on/at/with_land_my_own on words_your and_of wisdom_your.
7And_not I_believed in_the_reports until that I_came and_seen eyes_my_own and_see/lo/see not it_was_told to_me the_half you_have_added wisdom and_prosperity to the_report which I_heard.
8How_blessed men_your how_blessed your_servants these the_stand to_your_face continually the_hear DOM wisdom_your.
9May_he_be YHWH god_your blessed who he_has_delighted in/on/at/with_you to_set_you on the_throne of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in/on/at/with_love YHWH DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to_vanishing_point and_made_you as_king for_doing justice and_righteousness.
10And_she/it_gave to/for_the_king one_hundred and_twenty talent[s] of_gold and_spices much very and_stone_of precious not it_has_come as_the_spices (the)_that again to_increase_in_number which she_gave the_queen of_Sheⱱaˊ to/for_the_king Shəlomoh.
11And_also the_ship[s] of_Ḩīrām which it_carried gold from_ʼŌfīr it_brought from_ʼŌfīr wood(s) of_almug(s) much very and_stone_of precious.
12And_he/it_made the_king DOM the_wood(s) the_almug support[s] for_house of_YHWH and_for_house the_king and_lyres and_harps for_the_singers not it_has_come thus wood(s) of_almug(s) and_not it_has_been_seen until the_day the_this.
13And_the_king Shəlomoh he_gave to_queen of_Sheⱱaˊ DOM all desire_her which she_asked from_to/for_besides [that]_which he_had_given to/for_her/it out_of_bounty the_king Shəlomoh and_turned and_went to_land_her_own she and_servants_her.

10:5 Variant note: משרת/ו: (x-qere) ’מְשָׁרְתָ֜י/ו’: lemma_8334 n_1.2.0.0 morph_HVprmpc/Sp3ms id_11jg4 מְשָׁרְתָ֜י/ו


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Map

Solomon’s International Presence

1 Kings 9-10; 2 Chronicles 2:1-18; 8:1-9:28

Near the beginning of Solomon’s reign, the Lord promised to bless him with great wisdom, riches, and honor (1 Kings 3:2-15), and the fulfillment of this promise led to great fame for Solomon throughout the Near East. Humanly speaking, Solomon had been set up for immense success by his father David, who passed on to him a powerful kingdom that stretched from the tip of the Red Sea to the Euphrates River (2 Samuel 8-10; 1 Chronicles 18-19; 2 Chronicles 8). During Solomon’s reign Israel controlled all land routes leading from Egypt and the Red Sea to the Aramean and Hittite nations to the north, and they also controlled the northern terminus of the great Incense Route leading from the peoples of southwest Arabia to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea at Gaza. Solomon appears to have capitalized on his strategic control over travel and shipping throughout the region by setting up a very lucrative international arms dealership, through which he paired chariots bought from Egypt with horses bought from Kue (the term sometimes translated as “Egypt” should probably be translated “Muzur,” a district near Kue) and sold them to the kings of the Hittites and Arameans. Solomon also likely gained immense wealth from very productive copper mines at Punon, Timna, and elsewhere (see “Southern Arabah Valley” map). All this won him great renown among all the rulers of the Near East, including the queen of Sheba, who traveled over a thousand miles to see for herself Solomon’s great wisdom and splendor. She brought with her luxurious gifts from her land, including spices, precious stones, and gold, which she may have obtained from nearby Ophir. Solomon also arranged for King Hiram of Tyre to provide him with cedar timbers from Lebanon to build the Temple of the Lord and his royal palace (2 Chronicles 2). The logs were bound into rafts, floated down to Joppa, and then disassembled and hauled up to Jerusalem. Solomon also launched ships to sail to faraway lands during his reign and bring back riches and exotic goods. Scholars have proposed various locations for the exact destination of the ships, and some have struggled to reconcile what can seem like confusion on the part of the biblical writers over the term Tarshish. But a careful reading of the biblical accounts indicates that there were probably two separate fleets of ships: the fleet of Hiram and Solomon’s fleet of ships of Tarshish. Both fleets are separately mentioned in 1 Kings 10:22, and the phrase “at sea with” may simply indicate that they were sailing at the same time but not necessarily together. Also, the list of goods brought back by Hiram’s fleet is somewhat different than the list of goods brought back by Solomon’s fleet (compare 1 Kings 10:11, 22; 2 Chronicles 8:17-18; 9:10, 21). Likewise, the wording of 2 Chronicles 8:17-18 is that Hiram “sent to [Solomon] by the hand of his servants ships and servants familiar with the sea,” but the implication seems to be that the ships remained Hiram’s, not Solomon’s, whereas the other fleet of ships of Tarshish appears to have belonged to Solomon, though the ships were manned by Hiram’s men as well (2 Chronicles 9:21). Thus, Hiram’s fleet set sail from Ezion-geber, traveled the length of the Red Sea, and acquired gold from Ophir. Solomon’s fleet, on the other hand, could have sailed either the Red Sea or the Mediterranean Sea, since the term ships of Tarshish seems to have been used at times to indicate a class of trading or refinery ships rather than a specific destination (see article for “Tarshish” map). It is also possible, however, that the term Tarshish referred to the ships’ actual destination, which during Solomon’s reign appears to have been located in the far western Mediterranean Sea. This is supported by isotopic studies of silver found in Israel during Solomon’s time, which have traced the source to Tharros on the island of Sardinia. This also fits well with the length of time given for the voyage of Solomon’s fleet, which returned every three years with their exotic goods.

1KI 10:1–10:13 ©

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