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OET by section 1 KI 19:1

1 KI 19:1–19:18 ©

Eliyah flees to Mt. Sinai

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

19:1 Eliyah flees to Mt. Sinai

19Then King Ahav told Izevel (Jezebel) everything that Eliyah had done, including how he’d killed all of Baal’s prophets, 2so she sent this message to Eliyah, “May the gods kill me or do worse if I haven’t done with your life what you did to those prophets by this time tomorrow.” 3Hearing that, he packed up and fled for his life to Be’er-Sheva in Yehudah, where he left his servant. 4Then he went an extra day’s travel further south into the wilderness where he sat down under a broom bush and prayed that he might be allowed to die, saying, “This is now too much, Yahweh. Take my life, because I’m no better than my ancestors.”[ref]

5Then he laid down and slept under the broom bush, until he was suddenly woken by a messenger from Yahweh telling him to get up and eat. 6Eliyah looked around and wow, there was some bread near his head that had been cooked on glowing coals, and a jug of water. He got up and ate and drank, and then lay down again. 7Then Yahweh’s messenger returned a second time and prodded him and said, “Get up and eat, because otherwise the journey ahead will be too much for you.” 8So he got up and ate and drank. That food lasted his for forty days as he travelled to God’s mountain, Horev (Mt. Sinai). 9He entered a cave there and overnighted in the cave, then suddenly Yahweh spoke to him, asking, “What are you doing here, Eliyah?”

10I’ve been very zealous for you, army commander Yahweh,” he replied. “But the Israeli people have abandoned your agreement, and they’ve torn down your altars and killed your prophets with the sword. So here I am, left by myself while meanwhile they’re trying to kill me.”[ref]

11Then Yahweh said, “Go out and stand on the mountain in front of me, Yahweh. Then look, I’m about to go past you.” Then there was an incredibly strong wind that hit the mountain and broke off bits of rock that then shattered. But Yahweh wasn’t in the wind, and after the wind there was an earthquake but Yahweh wasn’t in the earthquake either. 12After the earthquake there was a fire, but Yahweh wasn’t in the fire.

Then after the fire, there was the sound of a soft whisper. 13When Eliyah heard that, he wrapped his cloak around his face and went out and stood at the opening of the cave, and he heard a voice ask him, “Why are you here, Eliyah?”

14I’ve been very zealous for you, army commander Yahweh,” he replied, “But the Israeli people have abandoned your agreement, and they’ve torn down your altars and killed your prophets with the sword. So here I am, left by myself while meanwhile they’re trying to kill me.”

15Then Yahweh told him, “Go back towards the Damascus wilderness, then you must go and anoint Hazael as king over Aram (Syria).[ref] 16Also you need to anoint Nimshi’s son Yehu as king over Yisrael, and you must anoint Shafat’s son Elisha from Avel-Meholah to succeed you as prophet.[ref] 17In the future, anyone who escapes from being killed by Hazael’s army will be killed by Yehu’s army, and anyone who escapes from being killed by Yehu’s army will be killed by Elisha. 18But I’ve still got seven thousand people in Yisrael who’ve never bowed to Baal or kissed his image.”[ref]


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19And_ ʼAḩʼāⱱ _he_told to_ʼĪzeⱱel/(Jezebel) DOM all_of that ʼĒliyyāh he_had_done and_DOM all_of that he_had_killed DOM all_of the_prophets with_sword.
2And_ ʼĪzeⱱel _she_sent a_messenger to ʼĒliyyāh to_say thus may_they_do the_gods and_thus may_they_add if/because about_time tomorrow I_will_make DOM life_of_your like_the_life one of_them.
3And_he/it_saw and_he/it_rose_up and_he/it_went to life_of_his and_he_came Bəʼēr Shəⱱāʼ which belongs_to_Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_he_left DOM servant_of_his there.
4And_he he_went in_wilderness a_journey_of a_day and_he_came and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived under a_broom_plant one[fn] and_he_asked DOM self_of_his to_die and_he/it_said enough now Oh_YHWH take life_of_my if/because not am_good I more_than_of_my_ancestors.
5And_he_lay_down and_he_slept under a_broom_plant one and_see/lo/see this an_messenger was_touching in/on/over_him/it and_he/it_said to_him/it arise eat.
6And_he_looked and_see/lo/see place_of_his_head_of_was_the a_bread_cake_of hot_coals and_a_jug_of water and_he_ate and_he_drank and_he_returned and_he_lay_down.
7And_ the_messenger_of _he_returned of_YHWH a_second_time and_he_touched in/on/over_him/it and_he/it_said arise eat if/because is_too_great for_you the_journey.
8And_he/it_rose_up and_he_ate and_he_drank and_he/it_went in_the_strength_of the_food (the)_that forty day[s] and_forty night[s] to the_mountain_of the_ʼElohīm Ḩorēⱱ.
9And_he_went there into the_cave and_he_spent_the_night there and_see/lo/see the_message_of YHWH to_him/it and_he/it_said to_him/it what is_to_you here Oh_ʼĒliyyāh.
10And_he/it_said exceedingly_(be_zealous) I_have_been_zealous to/for_YHWH the_god_of hosts if/because they_have_abandoned covenant_of_your the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) DOM altars_of_your they_have_torn_down and_DOM prophets_of_your they_have_killed with_sword and_I_am_left I I_alone and_they_have_sought DOM life_of_my to_take_it_away.
11And_he/it_said go_out and_you_will_stand on_mountain to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before YHWH and_see/lo/see YHWH was_passing_by and_spirit great and_strong was_tearing_out mountains and_breaking rocks to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before YHWH not was_in_wind YHWH and_after the_wind[fn] an_earthquake not was_in_earthquake YHWH.
12And_after the_earthquake a_fire not was_in_fire YHWH and_after the_fire a_sound_of a_whisper soft.
13And_he/it_was just_as_heard ʼĒliyyāh and_he_wrapped his/its_faces/face in_his_of_cloak and_he/it_went_out and_he_stood the_entrance_of the_cave and_see/lo/see to_him/it a_voice and_he/it_said what is_to_you here Oh_ʼĒliyyāh.
14And_he/it_said exceedingly_(be_zealous) I_have_been_zealous to/for_YHWH the_god_of hosts if/because they_have_abandoned covenant_of_your the_people_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) DOM altars_of_your they_have_torn_down and_DOM prophets_of_your they_have_killed with_sword and_I_am_left I I_alone and_they_have_sought DOM life_of_my to_take_it_away.
15and_ YHWH _he/it_said to_him/it go go_back to_your_of_way the_wilderness_of_to of_Dammeseq[fn] and_you_will_go and_you_will_anoint DOM Ḩₐʼēl to_king over ʼArām.
16And_DOM Yēhūʼ/(Jehu) the_son_of Nimshiy you_will_anoint to_king over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_DOM ʼElīshāˊ the_son_of Shāfāţ from meholah you_will_anoint to_prophet in_place_of_you.
17And_it_was the_one_who_escapes from_the_sword_of Ḩₐʼēl Yēhūʼ he_will_put_to_death and_the_one_who_escapes from_the_sword_of Yēhūʼ ʼElīshāˊ he_will_put_to_death.
18And_I_will_leave among_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) seven_of thousand(s) all_of the_knees which not they_have_bowed_down to_Baˊal and_all (the)_mouth which not it_has_kissed to_him/it.

19:4 OSHB variant note: אחת: (x-qere) ’אֶחָ֑ד’: lemma_259 n_1 morph_HAcmsa id_11a6j אֶחָ֑ד

19:11 OSHB note: BHS has been faithful to the Leningrad Codex where there might be a question of the validity of the form and we keep the same form as BHS.

19:15 OSHB note: BHS has been faithful to the Leningrad Codex where there might be a question of the validity of the form and we keep the same form as BHS.

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Prophets of the Old Testament before 800 B.C.

If you ask someone today what biblical prophets did, they will likely tell you that they divinely foretold of future events. While this was often the case, most prophets in the Bible focused as much on “forthtelling” God’s messages as they did on “foretelling” the future. That is, their primary role was to simply “forthtell” divinely acquired messages to leaders and groups of people, and at times that included foretelling of coming judgment, blessing, rescue, etc. Also, though plenty of prophets (sometimes called “seers” in Scripture) often spoke in confrontational or eccentric language that put them at odds with kings and religious leaders, the biblical writers also applied the term prophet to people who communicated God’s messages in ways that many readers today might not think of as prophecy, such as worship leaders appointed by David to “prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals” (1 Chronicles 25:1). Similarly, the books of Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, and 1 & 2 Kings are typically categorized as history by Christians, but in the Hebrew canon they belong to the category of Former Prophets. The Lord raised up prophets throughout all of biblical history, from the giving of the law under Moses to the revelation of the last days by the apostle John, and the kings of Israel and Judah often recognized and supported specific people as official prophets of the royal court and consulted them to find out God’s perspective about official matters. Following is a list of nearly everyone designated as prophet or seer in the Old Testament and the primary area of their ministry.

• Deborah (1216 B.C.) [Judges 4:4] => Baal-tamar?
• Samuel (1070 B.C.) [1 Samuel 3:20; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 35:18] => Ramah
• Gad (1018 B.C.) [2 Samuel 24:11; 1 Chronicles 21:9; 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Masada?
• Nathan (1000 B.C.) [2 Samuel 12:1; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Jerusalem
• Asaph (1000 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 29:30] => Jerusalem
• Ahijah (935 B.C.) [1 Kings 11:29; 2 Chronicles 9:29] => Jerusalem
• Shemaiah (930 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 12:2-15] => Jerusalem
• Iddo (913 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 9:29; 12:15; 13:22] => Jerusalem
• Jehu son of Hanani (890 B.C.) [1 Kings 16:1-7; 2 Chronicles 19:2] => Samaria?
• Azariah (890 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 15:1-8] => Jerusalem
• Elijah (860 B.C.) [1 Kings 18:36] => Samaria
• Micaiah (853 B.C.) [1 Kings 22:8-23; 2 Chronicles 18:7-22] => Samaria
• Jahaziel (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:14] => Jerusalem
• Eliezer (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:37] => Mareshah
• Elisha (850 B.C.) [1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 2:15] => Samaria
• Joel (835 B.C.) [Joel 1:1] => Jerusalem

1 KI 19:1–19:18 ©

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