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Open English Translation HOS Chapter 12

HOS 12 ©

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

12Efraim/Yisrael feeds on the wind

and pursues the east wind all day.

He multiplies lies and violence.

They make a covenant with Assyria

and olive oil is carried to Egypt.


2Yahweh also has a dispute with Yehudah,

and will punish Yakov for what they’ve done.

He will repay them according to how they behaved.

3In the womb he took his brother by the heel,

and in his manhood he struggled with God.[ref]

4He struggled with the messenger and prevailed.

He wept and begged for his favour.

He found Yahweh at Beyt-El

and he spoke with us there.

5Yahweh, the God of armies.

Yahweh is his famous name.

6But you must return to your God.

Keep loyal commitment and justice,

and wait continually for your God.

12[fn] surrounded_me in/on/at/with_lies ʼEfrayim and_in/on/at/with_deceit the_house_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_Yəhūdāh/(Yihudah) still it_has_roamed_freely with god and_to the_holy_one(s) it_is_faithful.
2[fn] ʼEfrayim is_feeding wind and_pursues an_east_wind all_of the_day falsehood and_violence he_increases and_treaty with ʼAshshūr they_are_making and_oil to_Miʦrayim it_is_carried.
3[fn] and_dispute to/for_YHWH with Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_to_punish on Yaˊₐqoⱱ/(Jacob) according_to_ways_of_his according_to_deeds_of_his he_will_repay to_him/it.
4[fn] in/on/at/with_womb he_took_by_the_heel DOM his/its_woman and_in/on/at/with_manhood_of_his he_struggled with god.
5[fn] and_struggled against an_messenger and_prevailed he_wept and_sought_favour to_him/it Bēyt- el found_him and_there he_spoke with_us.
6[fn] and_YHWH the_god_of the_hosts YHWH name_of_his.

7A merchant has false scales in his hands.

He loves to oppress.

8Efraim/Yisrael said, “Fantastic. I’ve become rich.

I’ve found wealth for myself.

In all my labours they won’t find disobedience in me,

which would be sin.”


9“I’m Yahweh your God since I rescued you from Egypt.

I’ll make you live in shelters again,

as in the days of that particular festival.[ref]


10I spoke to the prophets,

and gave them many visions.

By the hand of the prophets I gave parables.”

11If there’s disobedience in Gilead,

surely they’re worthless.

In Gilgal they sacrifice bulls.

Their altars also will be like piles of stones beside the furrows in the fields.


12Yakov fled to Syria (Heb. Aram).

Yisrael worked to earn a wife,

and for a wife, he kept sheep.[ref]

13Yahweh used the prophet Mosheh to bring Yisrael out of Egypt,

and so Yisrael was preserved by a prophet.[ref]

14Efraim has provoked bitter anger,

so his master will hold him to account for bloodshed

and will turn his insults back onto himself.


7[fn] and_you(ms) in/on/at/with_god_of_your you_will_return loyalty and_justice keep and_wait to god_of_your continually.
8[fn] a_merchant in_his/its_hand balances_of deceit to_oppress he_loves.
9[fn] and_ ʼEfrayim _he/it_said surely I_have_become_rich I_have_found wealth to_me all_of labours_of_my not people_will_find to_me iniquity which is_sin.
10[fn] and_I have_been_YHWH god_of_your since_land_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt) again live_you in/on/at/with_tents as_days_of an_appointed_feast.
11[fn] and_spoke to the_prophets and_I vision[s] I_multiplied and_in/on/at/with_hand_of the_prophets I_gave_parables.
12[fn] (if) is_Gilˊād wickedness surely worthlessness they_are in/on/at/with_Gilgāl bulls they_have_sacrificed also altars_of_their like_stone_heaps on the_furrows_of a_field.
13[fn] and_ Yaˊₐqoⱱ/(Jacob) _fled the_region_of ʼArām and_ Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) _served in/on/at/with_wife and_in/on/at/with_wife he_kept_flocks.
14[fn] and_in/on/at/with_prophet YHWH he_brought_up DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) from_Miʦrayim and_in/on/at/with_prophet he_was_kept.

HOS 12 ©

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