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OET by section NUM 21:21

NUM 21:21–21:35 ©

The defeat of Sihun and of Ug

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version 

21:21 The defeat of Sihun and of Ug

(Deu. 2:26–3:11)

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28[ref]

29

30

31 32

33 34 35


21and_sent Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) messengers to Şīḩōn the_king the_Emori to_say.
22Let_me_pass in/on/at/with_land_your not we_will_turn_aside in/on/at/with_field and_in/on/at/with_vineyard not we_will_drink water of_a_well in/on/at/with_highway the_king we_will_go until that we_will_pass_through territory_your.
23And_not he_permitted Şīḩōn DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to_pass in/on/at/with_territory_his and_gathered Şīḩōn DOM all people_his and_he/it_went_out to_against Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) the_wilderness_in and_came Yahaʦ/(Jahaz)_to and_fought in/on/at/with_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
24And_struck_him Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) with_edge of_[the]_sword and_took_possession_of DOM land_his from_ʼArnōn to Yaboq/(Jabbok) to the_descendants of_ˊAmmōn if/because [was]_strong the_border of_the_descendants of_ˊAmmōn.
25And_he/it_took Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) DOM all the_cities the_these and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in_all the_cities the_Emori in/on/at/with_Ḩeshbōn and_on/over_all villages_its.
26If/because Ḩeshbōn [was]_the_city of_Şīḩōn the_king the_Emori it and_he he_had_waged_war in/on/at/with_king of_Mōʼāⱱ the_former and_he/it_took DOM all land_his from_hand_his to ʼArnōn.
27On/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in yes/correct/thus/so they_say the_poets come Ḩeshbōn let_it_be_rebuilt and_established the_city of_Şīḩōn.
28If/because fire it_went_out from_Ḩeshbōn flame from_city of_Şīḩōn it_consumed Ar of_Mōʼāⱱ the_citizens of_the_high_places of_ʼArnōn.
29Woe to/for_yourself(m) Oh_Mōʼāⱱ you_have_perished Oh_people of_Kəmōsh/(Chemosh) he_has_made sons_his fugitives and_daughters_his in/on/at/with_captivity to_king of_[the]_Amorite[s] Şīḩōn.
30And_threw_down_them it_has_perished Ḩeshbōn to Diyⱱōn and_laid_waste to Nophah which[fn] [is]_to Mēydəⱱāʼ.
31And_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in_land the_Emori.
32And_sent Mosheh to_spy_out DOM Yaˊzēr/(Jazer) and_captured villages_its and_dispossessed[fn] DOM the_Emori who [was]_there.
33And_turned and_went_up the_way the_Bāshān and_he/it_went_out ˊŌg the_king the_Bāshān to_meet_them he and_all people_his to_the_battle ʼEdreˊī.
34And_he/it_said YHWH to Mosheh do_not fear DOM_him/it if/because in/on/at/with_hand_your I_have_given DOM_him/it and_DOM all people_his and_DOM land_his and_do for_him/it just_as you_did to_Şīḩōn the_king the_Emori who [was]_dwelling in/on/at/with_Ḩeshbōn.
35And_killed DOM_him/it and_DOM sons_his and_DOM all people_his until not left to_him/it a_survivor and_took_possession_of DOM land_his.

21:30 Note: Puncta extraordinaria a ◌ׄ is used to mark such marks in the text when they are above the line and a ◌ׅ when they are below the line.

21:32 Variant note: ו/יירש: (x-qere) ’וַ/יּ֖וֹרֶשׁ’: lemma_c/3423 n_0.0 morph_HC/Vhw3ms id_044RU וַ/יּ֖וֹרֶשׁ


BMMBibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness

Numbers 13-14; 20-21; 33; Deuteronomy 1-2; 10:6-9

After the Israelites received the law on Mount Sinai, which may have been located at Khashm et-Tarif (see also “The Route of the Exodus”), they traveled to Kadesh-barnea, a distance that took eleven days “by the way of Mount Seir” (Deuteronomy 1:2). The phrase “by the way of Mount Seir” suggests that more than one route existed between Mount Sinai and Kadesh, as shown here, but the road the Israelites took probably ran alongside the mountainous region of Seir. This route would have offered greater access to water from wells, natural springs, and seasonal streams flowing from the hills of Seir–a critical necessity for a large group traveling through this very arid region. Nearly every location identified on this map was essentially a small community centered around one of these life-enabling sources of water. After reaching Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin, the Israelites prepared to enter Canaan by sending spies to scout out the land. But when ten of the twelve spies brought back news about the strength of the Canaanites, the people became afraid to enter the land, so the Lord punished them by condemning them to travel in the wilderness for forty years until that generation died off. Some Israelites repented and tried to enter the land, but they were beaten back to Hormah by the Amalekites and Canaanites. So for forty years the Israelites traveled from place to place, probably in the general area of Kadesh-barnea, though very few locations mentioned are able to be established with much certainty. As the forty years of traveling drew to a close, the Israelites prepared again to travel to Canaan by requesting permission from the king of Edom to pass through his land. When the king refused, the Israelites “turned away” from the Edomites and set out from Kadesh to travel to Mount Hor. The Jewish historian Josephus located Mount Hor at Jebel Nebi Harun, a very tall mountain in eastern Edom, but this has been rejected by many scholars in favor of other sites such as Jebel Madeira to the northeast of Kadesh. This author is convinced, however, that any candidate for Mount Hor must be sought to the south of Kadesh-barnea. Numbers 33:30 and Deuteronomy 10:6 mention that, during their wilderness travels, the Israelites camped at Moseroth/Moserah, which was apparently located at Mount Hor, since both Moseroth/Moserah and Mount Hor are cited as the place where Aaron died (Numbers 21:29-29; 33:37-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-9). It is difficult to envision the Israelites traveling back to the edge of Canaan after suffering defeat there the last time they attempted to enter the land. These same passages also note that after their stay at Moseroth/Moserah the Israelites traveled to Hor-haggidgad/Gudgodah (probably located along the Wadi Khadakhid) and then to Jotbathah, with no mention of passing through Kadesh, which they would have had to do if Mount Hor was north of Kadesh (since they were avoiding the land of Edom). Also, in Deuteronomy 2:1 Moses says that after the Israelites left Kadesh, “we journeyed back into the wilderness, in the direction of the Red Sea, as the Lord had told me and skirted Mount Seir for many days,” and Aaron’s death on Mount Hor fits best during this time. Similarly, Numbers 21:4 says “from Mount Hor they set out by the way to the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom,” but there would have been no way to the Red Sea around the land of Edom if Mount Hor were located northeast of Kadesh. One element of the wilderness narratives that appears to favor a northeast location for Mount Hor, however, is the story of the king of Arad, which the book of Numbers (chapters 21 and 33) places immediately after the death of Aaron on Mount Hor. At first glance, the narrative seems to imply that the king attacked the Israelites at Mount Hor, which fits better with a northern location. Yet, it is also possible that the story is simply noting that it was after the Israelites’ arrival at Mount Hor that the king of Arad first learned of the Israelites’ renewed intentions to enter Canaan, perhaps as a result of their request to pass through Edom. But it may have been later that the king of Arad actually engaged them in battle, perhaps as they were passing north of Zalmonah and appeared to be ready to enter Canaan by way of Arad (see Numbers 33:41-42 and the map “The Journey to Abel-shittim”). For these reasons, this author believes that Har Karkom is the best candidate for the location of Mount Hor. The site is appropriately located at the edge of Seir and along the way to the Red Sea. This site’s role as an ancient cultic center is also well established. Perhaps Aaron’s priestly duties and authority in Israel had grown out of a similar role he had previously held at Mount Hor (see also Numbers 12:1-2; Deuteronomy 33:2; Judges 5:4-5), where he was eventually buried.

NUM 21:21–21:35 ©

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