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OET by section 2SA 10:1

2SA 10:1–10:19 ©

Israel defeats the Ammonites and the Arameans

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version 

10:1 Israel defeats the Ammonites and the Arameans

(1 Chr. 19:1-19)

10Some time later, the Ammonite king died, and his son Hanun replace him as king. 2“I’ll be kind to Nahash’s son Hanun,” David said, “just like his father was kind to me.” So he sent servants to Hanun to convey his condolences.

When they arrived in the Ammon region, 3the Ammonite commanders said to their master Hanun, “Do you think that David really sent condolences to honour your late father? Isn’t it more likely because he wanted them to spy on us, and to explore the city so he could more easily conquer it?”

4So Hanun seized David’s servants and had half of their beards shaved off and their robes cut in half all the way up to their buttocks, then he sent them off. 5They sent messengers ahead to tell David because they were very humiliated, and the king told them to stay in Yeriho before returning when their beards grew back.

6Then the Ammonite leaders realised that they’d now caused David to despise them, so they hired twenty thousand Aramean (or Syrian) mercenaries from Beyt-Rehob and Tsovah, and another one thousand from Maakah and twelve thousand from Tov. 7When David heard that, he sent Yoav in with the entire army. 8The Ammonites came out the city gate and organised themselves for battle at the entrance, while their hired mercenaries stood apart out in the countryside.

9When Yoav saw that he was disadvantaged with enemy lines both in front and behind, he selected certain Israeli warriors and placed them to battle the Aramean mercenaries, 10leaving the others to face the Ammonites under the command of his brother Avishay, 11telling him, “If the Arameans are too strong for me, then you come and rescue us, but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I’ll come and rescue you. 12Be strong and courageous for the sake of our people and our God’s cities, and Yahweh will do whatever he considers right.”

13So Yoav and his men advanced to attack the Aramean mercenaries but they fled away from them. 14When the Ammonites saw the Arameans running away, they started retreating from Abishai and went back into the city, so Yoav withdrew from attacking the Ammonites and returned to Yerushalem.

15When the Arameans realised that they’d been defeated by Israel, they assembled all their warriors together again. 16King Hadadezer (from Tsovah) called for Aramean warriors from beyond the Euphrates River and they came to Heylam. Shovak was Hadadezer’s army commander. 17When David heard that, he assembled all the Israeli warriors and they crossed the Yordan going towards Helam. The Arameans came out to meet David and the two sides fought each other. 18But again the Arameans fled from the Israelis, and David killed seven hundred Aramean charioteers and forty thousand cavalry, and their commander Shobak was struck and died there also. 19Then all the kings associated with Hadadezer realised they couldn’t defeat Israel, so they made peace with the Israelis and served them, and so the Arameans were afraid to try to rescue the Ammonites again.

10and_he/it_was after thus and_he/it_died the_king of_the_people of_ˊAmmōn and_became_king Ḩānūn his/its_son in_place_his.
2And_he/it_said Dāvid I_will_do covenant_loyalty with Ḩānūn the_son of_Nāḩāsh just_as he_did his/its_father with_me covenant_loyalty and_sent Dāvid to_console_him in/on/at/with_hand servants_his concerning his/its_father and_they_came the_servants of_Dāvid the_land of_the_people of_ˊAmmōn.
3And_they_said the_leaders of_the_people of_ˊAmmōn to Ḩānūn master_their the_honouring [is]_Dāvid DOM I_will_show_you(ms) in/on/at/with_opinion_you (cmp) he_has_sent to/for_yourself(m) comforters am_not in_account_of to_explore DOM the_city and_to_spy_out_it and_to_overthrow_it has_he_sent Dāvid DOM servants_his to_you.
4And_he/it_took Ḩānūn DOM the_servants of_Dāvid and_shaved_off DOM (the)_half beards_their and_cut_off DOM garments_their in/on/at/with_middle to hips_their and_sent_away_them.
5And_told to_Dāvid and_sent to_meet_them if/because they_were the_men humiliated exceedingly and_he/it_said the_king remain in/on/at/with_Yərīḩō/(Jericho) until it_will_grow_back beards_your_all’s and_return.
6And_they_saw the_people of_ˊAmmōn if/because_that they_had_made_themselves_odious in/on/at/with_Dāvid and_sent the_people of_ˊAmmōn and_hired DOM wwww house_of wwww and_DOM wwww wwww twenty thousand foot_soldier[s] and_DOM the_king of_Maˊₐkāh one_thousand man and_men of_Ţōⱱ two_plus ten thousand man.
7And_he/it_listened Dāvid and_sent DOM Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) and_DOM all the_army the_powerful/mighty(pl).
8And_they_went_out the_people of_ˊAmmōn and_drew_up battle the_entrance the_gate and wwww and_Rəḩoⱱ and_men of_Ţōⱱ and_Maˊₐkāh by_themselves in/on/at/with_field.
9And_he/it_saw Yōʼāⱱ if/because_that it_was to_him/it the_face the_battle in_front and_in_rear and_chose from_all the_chosen_[men] in/on/at/with[fn] and_arrayed to_engage ʼArām.
10And_DOM the_rest the_men he_gave in/on/at/with_command of_ʼAⱱīshay his/its_woman and_arrayed to_engage the_people of_ˊAmmōn.
11And_he/it_said if it_will_be_[too]_strong ʼArām too_for_me and_be to/for_me to_help and_if the_people of_ˊAmmōn they_will_be_[too]_strong too_for_you and_come to_help to/for_you(fs).
12Be_strong and_courageous for people_our and_for the_cities god_our and_YHWH he_will_do the_good in/on/at/with_sight_his.
13And_moved_forward Yōʼāⱱ and_the_people which with_him/it to_the_battle in/on/at/with_ʼArām and_fled from_before_him.
14And_the_sons of_ˊAmmōn they_saw if/because_that it_had_fled ʼArām and_fled from_face/in_front_of ʼAⱱīshay and_they_came the_city and_returned Yōʼāⱱ/(Joab) from_under the_people of_ˊAmmōn and_came Yərūshālayim/(Jerusalem).
15And_he/it_saw ʼArām if/because_that it_had_been_defeated to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_gathered together.
16And_sent Hₐdadˊezer and_brought_out DOM ʼArām which at_beyond the_river and_they_came Ḩēylām and_Shōⱱāk the_commander of_the_army of_Hₐdadˊezer at_head_them.
17And_told to_Dāvid and_gathered DOM all Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_he/it_passed_through DOM the_Yardēn/(Jordan) and_came Ḩēylām_to and_arrayed ʼArām to_meet Dāvid and_fought with_him/it.
18And_fled ʼArām from_face/in_front_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_killed Dāvid of_ʼArām seven hundred(s) charioteer[s] and_forty thousand horsemen and_DOM Shōⱱāk the_commander army_their he_struck_down and_he/it_died there.
19And_they_saw all the_kings the_servants of_Hₐdadˊezer if/because_that they_had_been_defeated to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_made_peace with Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_became_subject_to_them and_they_saw ʼArām to_help again DOM the_people of_ˊAmmōn.

10:9 Variant note: ב/ישראל: (x-qere) ’יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל’: lemma_3478 n_0.1 morph_HNp id_10KEX יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל


BMMBibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

David Defeats the Ammonites and the Arameans

2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3

The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.

The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans

The Battle with the Arameans

Map

David Defeats the Ammonites and the Arameans

2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3

The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.

The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans

The Battle with the Arameans

2SA 10:1–10:19 ©

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