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1 This is Yahweh’s message that came to Micah (from Moreshet) in the days of Yehudah’s (Judah’s) kings Yotam (Jotham), Ahaz, and Hizkiyyah (Hezekiah), that he saw concerning Shomron (Samaria) and Yerushalem (Jerusalem).[ref]
≈Let the world and everything in it pay attention.
Let my master Yahweh be against you as a witness,
my master from his sacred temple
3 because wow, Yahweh comes out of his place.
He will come down and tread on the high places[fn] of the earth.
4 The mountains will melt under him.
≈The valleys will break apart,
like wax that’s near a fire,
≈like waters that are poured out from a steep place.
5 All that is because of Yakob’s (Jacob’s) disobedience,
and because of the sins of the Israeli people.
What was Yakob’s transgression? Isn’t it Shomron?
What is Yehudah’s (Judah’s) high place? Isn’t it Yerushalem?
6 “I will make Shomron a heap of ruins in the countryside—
≈a place for planting vineyards.
Then I’ll pour the stones from her buildings down into the valley
≈and I’ll uncover her foundations.
7 All her carved statues will be smashed into pieces,
and all her wages will be burned with fire.
Yes, I’ll totally destroy all her idols.
Since she used prostitutes’ wages to pay for them,
≈the crushed pieces of idols will become prostitutes’ wages again.”
8 Because of that, I’ll mourn and wail.
I’ll go barefoot and undressed.
I’ll wail like the jackals
≈and mourn like owls
9 because her wound is incurable.
≈It’s reached the gate of my people—reached Jerusalem.
10 Don’t tell about it in Gat.
Don’t weep at all.
I roll myself in the dust at Beyt-Leafrah (the house of dust).
11 Pass by undressed and humiliated, inhabitants of Shafir.
≈Don’t come out, inhabitants of Tsa’anan.
Beyt-Haetsel mourns—its place to stand is taken from you
12 because the inhabitants of Marot wait anxiously for good,
because disaster has come down from Yahweh to Yerushalem’s gates.
13 Harness the chariot to the team of horses, inhabitants of Lakish.
She was the beginning of sin for the daughter of Tsiyyon (Zion),
because Israel’s transgressions were first found in you.
14 So you’ll give parting gifts to Moreshet-Gat.
The town of Akzib will deceive Israel’s kings.
15 I will again bring a conqueror to you, inhabitants of Mareshah.
Israel’s best will come to Adullam.
16 Shave your head
≈and cut off your hair
for the children who you delight in.
Make yourselves as bald as eagles,
because they’ll be taken from you and into exile.
1:3 Possibly referring to the pagan temples which were often constructed on hilltops.
1:3 OSHB variant note: במותי: (x-qere) ’בָּ֥מֳתֵי’: lemma_1116 morph_HNcfpc id_33Wkf בָּ֥מֳתֵי
1:8 OSHB variant note: שילל: (x-qere) ’שׁוֹלָ֖ל’: lemma_7758 n_1.0 morph_HAamsa id_33jQ8 שׁוֹלָ֖ל
1:10 OSHB variant note: התפלשתי: (x-qere) ’הִתְפַּלָּֽשִׁי’: lemma_6428 n_0 morph_HVtv2fs id_33aMT הִתְפַּלָּֽשִׁי
1:15 OSHB note: Marks a place where we agree with BHQ against BHS in reading L.
1:15 OSHB note: Marks an anomalous form.
1:15 OSHB note: We read punctuation in L differently from BHS.
If you ask someone today what biblical prophets did, they will likely tell you that they divinely foretold of future events. While this was often the case, most prophets in the Bible focused as much on “forthtelling” God’s messages as they did on “foretelling” the future. That is, their primary role was to simply “forthtell” divinely acquired messages to leaders and groups of people, and at times that included foretelling of coming judgment, blessing, rescue, etc. Also, though plenty of prophets (sometimes called “seers” in Scripture) often spoke in confrontational or eccentric language that put them at odds with kings and religious leaders, the biblical writers also applied the term prophet to people who communicated God’s messages in ways that many readers today might not think of as prophecy, such as worship leaders appointed by David to “prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals” (1 Chronicles 25:1). Similarly, the books of Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, and 1 & 2 Kings are typically categorized as history by Christians, but in the Hebrew canon they belong to the category of Former Prophets. The Lord raised up prophets throughout all of biblical history, from the giving of the law under Moses to the revelation of the last days by the apostle John, and the kings of Israel and Judah often recognized and supported specific people as official prophets of the royal court and consulted them to find out God’s perspective about official matters. Following is a list of nearly everyone designated as prophet or seer in the Old Testament and the primary area of their ministry.
• Zechariah (796 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 24:20] => Jerusalem
• Jonah (780 B.C.) [2 Kings 14:25; Jonah 1:1] => Gath-hepher, Nineveh
• Hosea (770 B.C.) [Hosea 1:1] => Samaria?
• Amos (760 B.C.) [Amos 1:1] => Bethel
• Isaiah (730 B.C.) [2 Kings 19:2; 20:1; 2 Chronicles 26:22; 32:20, 32; Isaiah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Micah (730 B.C.) [Jeremiah 26:18; Micah 1:1] => Moresheth
• Nahum (650 B.C.) [Nahum 1:1] => Elkosh (Capernaum?)
• Zephaniah (630 B.C.) [Zephaniah 1:1] => Jerusalem?
• Huldah (630 B.C.) [2 Kings 22:14] => Jerusalem
• Habakkuk (600 B.C.) [Habakkuk 1:1; 3:1] => Jerusalem?
• Ezekiel (592 B.C.) [Ezekiel 1:3] => Babylonia/Chebar River
• Uriah (600 B.C.) [Jeremiah 26:20] => Kiriath-jearim
• Jeremiah (587 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 36:12; Jeremiah 1:1; 19:14] => Jerusalem
• Obadiah (586 B.C.) [Obadiah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Daniel (560 B.C.) [Daniel 7:1; Matthew 24:15] => Babylon
• Haggai (520 B.C.) [Ezra 5:1; Haggai 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Zechariah (520 B.C.) [Ezra 5:1; Zechariah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Malachi (432 B.C.) [Malachi 1:1] => Jerusalem?