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OET by section EXO 17:8

EXO 17:8–17:16 ©

Mosheh’s arms held high to defeat Amalek

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version 

17:8 Mosheh’s arms held high to defeat Amalek

8Then the Amalek army came and attacked Israel at Refidim, 9and Mosheh instructed Yehoshua (Joshua), “Choose men for us and go out and fight with Amalek. Tomorrow I’ll be stationed on top of the hill with the staff of God in my hand.” 10So Yehoshua prepared to fight Amalek as Mosheh had told him, and Mosheh, Aharon, and Hur climbed up to the top of the hill. 11And so it happened that when Mosheh raised his arm, then Israel would be winning, but when he lowered his arm, then Amalek would start winning. 12However, Mosheh’s arms got tired, so they got a large stone and sat him on it, and Aharon and Hur stood on each side of him holding up his arms, and holding him steady in that position until the sun went down. 13So this was how Yehoshua defeated Amalek and his army with their swords. 14Then Yahweh told Mosheh, “Write this event in the book and read it aloud to Yehoshua, because I will certainly blot out the memory of Amalek from off the earth.”[ref] 15Then Mosheh built an altar and he named it ‘Yahweh-nissi’ (which means ‘Yahweh is my banner’), 16saying, “Because they battled against Yah’s throne, then Yahweh will battle against Amalek from generation to generation.”


8and_came ˊAmālēq and_fought with Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in/on/at/with_Rəfīdīm.
9And_he/it_said Mosheh to Yəhōshūˊa/(Joshua) choose to/for_us men and_go_out fight in/on/at/with_ˊAmālēq tomorrow I [will_be]_standing on the_top the_hill and_staff the_ʼElohīm in/on/at/with_hand_my.
10And_he/it_made Yəhōshūˊa just_as he_had_said to_him/it Mosheh to_fought in/on/at/with_ˊAmālēq and_Mosheh ʼAhₐron and_Ḩūr they_went_up the_top the_hill.
11And_it_was just_as he_lifted_up Mosheh his/its_hand and_prevailed Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_as_which he_gave_rest his/its_hand and_prevailed ˊAmālēq.
12And_hands of_Mosheh [were]_heavy and_they_took a_stone and_put under_him and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived on/upon_it(f) and_ʼAhₐron and_Ḩūr they_supported in/on/at/with_hands_his on_one one and_on_the_other_side one and_he/it_was hands_his steadiness until went the_sun.
13And_defeated Yəhōshūˊa DOM ˊAmālēq and_DOM people_his with_edge of_[the]_sword.
14and_he/it_said YHWH to Mosheh write this memorial in/on/at/with_scroll and_recite in/on/at/with_hearing of_Yəhōshūˊa if/because_that completely_(wipe_out) I_will_wipe_out DOM the_remembrance of_ˊAmālēq from_under the_heavens.
15And_he/it_built Mosheh an_altar and_he/it_called his/its_name YHWH banner_my.
16And_he/it_said if/because a_hand [was]_on the_throne of_Yah war to/for_YHWH in/on/at/with_ˊAmālēq from_generation generation.

BMMBibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

Map

The Route of the Exodus

Exodus 13-19; Numbers 33

Like several other events recorded in Scripture, the Bible’s account of the Israelites’ journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai includes an abundance of geographical references, yet it remains one of the most hotly debated topics among scholars, and numerous theories have been offered. The vast majority of geographical references provided in the story are disputed, including the place where the Israelites crossed the Red Sea, the location of Mount Sinai (see Proposed Locations for Mount Sinai map), and the various stops along the Israelites’ journey. A few locations have been established with some degree of scholarly consensus, but even these are not without opposing viewpoints. Amidst this incredible diversity of opinion, however, a single verse provides one of the most helpful clues for weighing the merits of one viewpoint over another: “By the way of Mount Seir it takes eleven days to reach Kadesh-barnea from Horeb” (Deuteronomy 1:2). For those who assume the Bible’s account to be trustworthy, this verse appears to require the following for any theory to be considered viable: 1) Kadesh-barnea and Mount Sinai must have been located at a distance from each other that could reasonably have been expected to take eleven days for an entire nation of people with small children, flocks, equipment, and perhaps even elderly members to travel on foot; and 2) the pace established by this distance over eleven days should most likely be considered the typical pace for the Israelites as they traveled from place to place along the other parts of the journey. This two-pronged test clearly strains many of the theories put forth to this point, especially when one factors in the time references given for the start of the journey (Exodus 12:6; Numbers 33:3), the middle of the journey (Exodus 16:1; Numbers 33:8), and the end of the journey (Exodus 19:1). In short, the journey from Rameses to the Wilderness of Sin took 31 days, since it included the 15th day of the second month, and the rest of the journey took another 16 days, assuming they arrived at Mount Sinai on the 15th day (not the first day, etc.) of the third month. Along with these criteria, a theory’s overall congruence with other established geographical and archeological data should bolster its credibility over other proposals. Another consideration is the extreme similarity between the events at Rephidim (Exodus 17) and the events at Kadesh-barnea (Numbers 20:1-13; 27:12-14; Deuteronomy 32:51; Ezekiel 47:19; 48:28), raising the question of whether Rephidim (meaning “resting places”) is in fact Kadesh-barnea. With these things in mind, the map below proposes a route for the exodus that meets virtually all of these criteria. A careful analysis and explanation of all the elements of the map is far beyond the scope of this article, but a few key points should be noted. The term Red Sea, in addition to referring to what we now regard it, must have also applied to the interconnected lakes and marshlands that lay along what is now the Suez Canal. Also, the portion of the journey that passed through the wilderness for three days without water (Exodus 15:22; Numbers 33:8) may have been comprised of a partial first day, a full second day, and a partial third day, much like Jesus’ time in the tomb is reckoned as three days in Matthew 12:40. Most notably, Mount Sinai is placed on this map at Gebel Khashm et-Tarif, which is appropriately located near, but not in, Midian (Exodus 3:1; 18:5; Numbers 10:29-30). It is also located 89 miles from Kadesh-barnea (assuming Kadesh is at Tall al-Quderat), which establishes a reasonable pace of 7.6 miles (12.2 km) per day to travel between them in 11 days. This lines up well with several known sources of water along that route (e.g., `Ain Qedeis [Hazar-addar?], Tamilat Suwelima [Hor-haggiggad?], and the spring at Kuntillet al-Girafi [unknown ancient identification]). This general pace then synchronizes very well with the timetable and distances required by this map for the other parts of the journey. The distance from Rameses to the Wilderness of Sin (where it is located here) could be completed in under 26 days, leaving an acceptable buffer of about 5 days for the parting of the Red Sea and perhaps a slower pace through the Wilderness of Shur/Etham. The entire journey took about 60 days, and the journey from the Wilderness of Sin to Mount Sinai took about 29 days. This leaves an acceptable buffer of time to complete the rest of the journey (about 16 days of travel) with a very adequate two weeks of extra time for Jethro to visit Moses and the Israelites to do battle with the Amalekites (Exodus 17-18). It should be noted that this timetable generally assumes (but does not necessarily require) that travel continued on sabbath days, but Scripture does not make clear whether travel was prohibited as work prior to the giving of the law at Mount Sinai.

EXO 17:8–17:16 ©

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