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19 Then King Ahav told Izevel (Jezebel) everything that Eliyah had done, including how he’d killed all of Baal’s prophets, 2 so she sent this message to Eliyah, “May the gods kill me or do worse if I haven’t done with your life what you did to those prophets by this time tomorrow.” 3 Hearing that, he packed up and fled for his life to Be’er-Sheva in Yehudah, where he left his servant. 4 Then he went an extra day’s travel further south into the wilderness where he sat down under a broom bush and prayed that he might be allowed to die, saying, “This is now too much, Yahweh. Take my life, because I’m no better than my ancestors.”[ref]
5 Then he laid down and slept under the broom bush, until he was suddenly woken by a messenger from Yahweh telling him to get up and eat. 6 Eliyah looked around and wow, there was some bread near his head that had been cooked on glowing coals, and a jug of water. He got up and ate and drank, and then lay down again. 7 Then Yahweh’s messenger returned a second time and prodded him and said, “Get up and eat, because otherwise the journey ahead will be too much for you.” 8 So he got up and ate and drank. That food lasted his for forty days as he travelled to God’s mountain, Horev (Mt. Sinai). 9 He entered a cave there and overnighted in the cave, then suddenly Yahweh spoke to him, asking, “What are you doing here, Eliyah?”
10 “I’ve been very zealous for you, Commander-in-chief Yahweh,” he replied. “But the Israeli people have abandoned your agreement, and they’ve torn down your altars and killed your prophets with the sword. So here I am, left by myself while meanwhile they’re trying to kill me.”[ref]
11 Then Yahweh said, “Go out and stand on the mountain in front of me, Yahweh. Then look, I’m about to go past you.” Then there was an incredibly strong wind that hit the mountain and broke off bits of rock that then shattered. But Yahweh wasn’t in the wind, and after the wind there was an earthquake but Yahweh wasn’t in the earthquake either. 12 After the earthquake there was a fire, but Yahweh wasn’t in the fire.
Then after the fire, there was the sound of a soft whisper. 13 When Eliyah heard that, he wrapped his cloak around his face and went out and stood at the opening of the cave, and he heard a voice ask him, “Why are you here, Eliyah?”
14 “I’ve been very zealous for you, Commander-in-chief Yahweh,” he replied, “But the Israeli people have abandoned your agreement, and they’ve torn down your altars and killed your prophets with the sword. So here I am, left by myself while meanwhile they’re trying to kill me.”
15 Then Yahweh told him, “Go back towards the Damascus wilderness, then you must go and anoint Hazael as king over Aram (Syria).[ref] 16 Also you need to anoint Nimshi’s son Yehu as king over Yisrael, and you must anoint Shafat’s son Elisha from Avel-Meholah to succeed you as prophet.[ref] 17 In the future, anyone who escapes from being killed by Hazael’s army will be killed by Yehu’s army, and anyone who escapes from being killed by Yehu’s army will be killed by Elisha. 18 But I’ve still got seven thousand people in Yisrael who’ve never bowed to Baal or kissed his image.”[ref]
19 So Eliyah left that place and went and found Shafat’s son Elisha. There were twelve teams ploughing a field and he was with the back pair of cattle. Eliyah walked past him and threw his cloak over him. 20 Elisha left the plough and ran after Eliyah, saying, “Please let me kiss my father and my mother, then I’ll come with you.”
“Go on back then,” Eliyah replied, “because I haven’t done anything for you.”
21 So Elisha went back and killed his pair of cattle. He used the wood of the plough to cook the meat on, and he shared it around the people. After they’d eaten, he packed up and followed Eliyah and became his helper.
19:4 OSHB variant note: אחת: (x-qere) ’אֶחָ֑ד’: lemma_259 n_1 morph_HAcmsa id_11a6j אֶחָ֑ד
19:11 OSHB note: BHS has been faithful to the Leningrad Codex where there might be a question of the validity of the form and we keep the same form as BHS.
19:15 OSHB note: BHS has been faithful to the Leningrad Codex where there might be a question of the validity of the form and we keep the same form as BHS.
If you ask someone today what biblical prophets did, they will likely tell you that they divinely foretold of future events. While this was often the case, most prophets in the Bible focused as much on “forthtelling” God’s messages as they did on “foretelling” the future. That is, their primary role was to simply “forthtell” divinely acquired messages to leaders and groups of people, and at times that included foretelling of coming judgment, blessing, rescue, etc. Also, though plenty of prophets (sometimes called “seers” in Scripture) often spoke in confrontational or eccentric language that put them at odds with kings and religious leaders, the biblical writers also applied the term prophet to people who communicated God’s messages in ways that many readers today might not think of as prophecy, such as worship leaders appointed by David to “prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals” (1 Chronicles 25:1). Similarly, the books of Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, and 1 & 2 Kings are typically categorized as history by Christians, but in the Hebrew canon they belong to the category of Former Prophets. The Lord raised up prophets throughout all of biblical history, from the giving of the law under Moses to the revelation of the last days by the apostle John, and the kings of Israel and Judah often recognized and supported specific people as official prophets of the royal court and consulted them to find out God’s perspective about official matters. Following is a list of nearly everyone designated as prophet or seer in the Old Testament and the primary area of their ministry.
• Deborah (1216 B.C.) [Judges 4:4] => Baal-tamar?
• Samuel (1070 B.C.) [1 Samuel 3:20; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 35:18] => Ramah
• Gad (1018 B.C.) [2 Samuel 24:11; 1 Chronicles 21:9; 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Masada?
• Nathan (1000 B.C.) [2 Samuel 12:1; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Jerusalem
• Asaph (1000 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 29:30] => Jerusalem
• Ahijah (935 B.C.) [1 Kings 11:29; 2 Chronicles 9:29] => Jerusalem
• Shemaiah (930 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 12:2-15] => Jerusalem
• Iddo (913 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 9:29; 12:15; 13:22] => Jerusalem
• Jehu son of Hanani (890 B.C.) [1 Kings 16:1-7; 2 Chronicles 19:2] => Samaria?
• Azariah (890 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 15:1-8] => Jerusalem
• Elijah (860 B.C.) [1 Kings 18:36] => Samaria
• Micaiah (853 B.C.) [1 Kings 22:8-23; 2 Chronicles 18:7-22] => Samaria
• Jahaziel (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:14] => Jerusalem
• Eliezer (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:37] => Mareshah
• Elisha (850 B.C.) [1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 2:15] => Samaria
• Joel (835 B.C.) [Joel 1:1] => Jerusalem
1 KI Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C20 C21 C22