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Open English Translation 1KI Chapter 18

1KI 18 ©

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

18:1 Eliyyah versus Baal’s prophets

18In the third year of drought, Yahweh told Eliyyah to go and show himself to King Ahav and tell him that it would soon rain, 2so he went to present himself to Ahav.

Meanwhile in Shomron (Samaria), the food shortage was terrible 3and King Ahav had summoned his palace manager Ovadyah. (Ovadyah was a sincere follower of Yahweh. 4When Queen Izevel had tried to kill Yahweh’s prophets, Ovadyah had hidden a hundred prophets—fifty in each of two caves and kept them supplied with food and water.) 5King Ahav told Ovadyah, “We’ll go across the country to all the springs and all the valleys that water sometimes flows in. Perhaps we’ll find some grass so we can keep a horse or a mule or two alive and not lose our breeding stock.” 6So they divided the country into two, and they each went off in a different direction.

7While Ovadyah was on a path, Eliyyah came to meet him. Ovadyah recognised him and fell to his knees with his face to the ground, and asked, “Is it really you, my master Eliyyah?”

8Yes, it’s me,” he replied. “Now go and tell your master that I’m here.”

9“How have I sinned,” Ovadyah responded, “that you’re giving your servant a death sentence? 10As your God Yahweh lives, my master sent people to every kingdom to try to find you, and if they said you weren’t there, then he made them promise under oath that it was true. 11So now you tell me to tell my master that you’re here, 12but as soon as I leave you, Yahweh’s spirit will take you to goodness knows where. Meanwhile I’ll go and tell Ahav, and he’ll come here and not find you, so then he’ll kill me, even though I’ve been trying to obey Yahweh since I was young. 13Haven’t you heard, my master, what I did when Izevel was killing Yahweh’s prophets and I hid a hundred of them in two caves and kept them supplied with food and water? 14Yet now you’re trying to get me killed by telling my master that he’ll find you here.”

15“As army commander Yahweh lives—the one I serve,” Eliyyah replied, “I’ll definitely be here to see him today.”

16So Ovadyah went and informed Ahav who then came to meet Eliyyah. 17When he saw Eliyyah, Ahav asked him, “Is that you—the one who causes trouble for Israel?”

18It’s not me who brings trouble onto Israel,” Eliyyah replied. “But rather it’s you and your father’s families who decided to ignore Yahweh’s commands and serve the Baals instead. 19So now, get all Israel to go to Mt. Karmel, along with the 450 prophets of Baal and the 400 prophets of Asherah who Queen Izevel feeds at her table.”

20So Ahav summoned all the Israelis and the prophets to go to Mt. Karmel, 21and Eliyyah addressed the people, “How much longer are you all going to remain unsure who to follow? If Yahweh is God, follow him, but if it’s Baal, follow him.” But the people just stayed silent. 22Then he said, “I’m Yahweh’s only remaining prophet, but Baal has 450 prophets. 23Let them get us two bulls and they can choose one for themselves. Then they can cut it into pieces and lay them a pile of wood that they’ve set for a fire, but they can’t light the fire. I’ll do the same with the other bull, but also won’t light the fire. 24Then they must call to their god and I’ll call to Yahweh, and the god who answers by setting the wood on fire must be the true God.”

It sounds good to us,” the people answered.

25So Eliyyah told Baal’s prophets, “Ok, there’s a lot more of you guys, so you choose your bull and go first and call out to your god, but don’t set fire to the pile.”

26So they took the bull he gave them and prepared it all, and then they called out to Baal from morning until midday, shouting, “Baal, answer us!” But they didn’t hear any voice and got no answer. Then they hopped around the altar they’d made.

27Finally at noon, Eliyyah began mocking them, saying, “Call out louder because he’s a god. Maybe he’s thinking about something else, or busy with something, or travelling somewhere. Pehaps he’s asleep and needs waking up.” 28So they shouted even louder and did their usual cutting of their bodies with knives and swords until a lot of blood flowed. 29Midday passed and they continued raving all afternoon, but they didn’t hear any voice, and they got no answer or even any suggestion that their god was listening.

30Then Eliyyah told the people, “Ok, now come over here by me.” So all the people came over by him, and he repaired the altar of Yahweh that had been torn down. 31He took twelve stones (the number of the sons of Yakob (Jacob) who Yahweh told would be called Israel)[ref] 32and used them to rebuild Yahweh’s altar. Then around the altar he made a trench large enough to hold the water to water in two drums of seed.[fn] 33He arranged the firewood, and cut the bull into pieces and placed them on top, 34and then ordered, “Fill four jars with water and pour it on the burnt offering and the firewood.” Then he said “Now do it a second time,” and they did it a second time, and again he said, “Do it a third time,” and they did it a third time. 35The water ran around the altar and even filled the trench.

36When it was time to offer the evening sacrifices, the prophet Eliyyah approached the altar and prayed, “Yahweh, God of Abraham, Yitsak, and Israel, let it be known today that you are God in Israel and I’m your servant, and I’ve done all these things following your instructions. 37Answer me, Yahweh! Answer me, so that this country will understand that you, Yahweh, are God, and that you can turn their hearts back again.”

38Then Yahweh sent fire down from the sky that consumed the pieces of meat, the firewood, the stones, and the dirt around the altar, including all the water that had been in the trench. 39When all the people saw what had happened, they fell onto their knees and bowed their faces to the ground, saying, “Yahweh is God! Yahweh is God!”

40Then Eliyyah ordered them, “Grab hold of Baal’s prophets. Don’t let any of them sneak away.” So they seized them, and Eliyyah brought them down to the Kishon valley and he slaughtered them there.

18and_he/it_was days many and_word of_YHWH it_came to ʼĒliyyāh in/on/at/with_year the_third to_say go present_yourself to ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_send rain on the_surface the_soil.
2And_he/it_went ʼĒliyyāh to_present to ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_the_famine [was]_severe in/on/at/with_Shomrōn.
3And_he/it_called ʼAḩʼāⱱ (to) ˊOⱱadyāh who [was]_over the_palace and_ˊOⱱadyāh he_was fearing DOM YHWH exceedingly.
4And_he/it_was in/on/at/with_killing_off ʼĪzeⱱel/(Jezebel) DOM the_prophets of_YHWH and_he/it_took ˊOⱱadyāh one_hundred prophets and_hid_them fifty man in/on/at/with_cave and_provided_them food and_water.
5And_he/it_said ʼAḩʼāⱱ to ˊOⱱadyāh go on_the_earth to all the_springs the_waters and_near/to all the_valleys perhaps we_will_find grass and_keep_alive horse and_mules and_not we_will_cut_off some_of_the_animals.
6And_divided to/for_them DOM the_earth/land to_pass in/on/at/with_it ʼAḩʼāⱱ he_went in/on/at/with_way one for_him/it_being_alone and_ˊOⱱadyāh he_went in/on/at/with_way one for_him/it_being_alone.
7And_he/it_was ˊOⱱadyāh in/on/at/with_way and_see/lo/see ʼĒliyyāh to_met_him and_recognized_him and_fell on his/its_faces/face and_he/it_said you [is]_this my_master ʼĒliyyāh.
8And_he/it_said to_him/it [it_is]_I go say to_master_your here ʼĒliyyāh.
9And_he/it_said what have_I_sinned (cmp) you [are]_giving DOM servant_your in/on/at/with_hand of_ʼAḩʼāⱱ to_kill_me.
10[by]_the_life of_YHWH god_your if there_[is] a_nation and_kingdom where not he_has_sent my_master there to_seek_you and_say [he_is]_not and_swear DOM the_kingdom and_DOM the_nation if/because_that not find_you.
11And_now you [are]_saying go say to_master_your here ʼĒliyyāh.
12And_it_was I I_will_go from_with_you and_spirit of_YHWH carry_you to where not I_know and_come to_announce to_ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_not find_you and_kill_me and_servant_your [is]_fearing DOM YHWH from_youth_my.
13Not has_it_been_told to_master_my DOM [that]_which I_did in/on/at/with_killed ʼĪzeⱱel/(Jezebel) DOM the_prophets of_YHWH and_hid of_prophets of_YHWH one_hundred man fifty fifty man in/on/at/with_cave and_provided_them food and_water.
14And_now you [are]_saying go say to_master_your here ʼĒliyyāh and_kill_me.
15and_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh [by]_the_life of_YHWH of_hosts whom I_stand before_face/front_him if/because the_day I_will_present_myself to_him/it.
16And_he/it_went ˊOⱱadyāh to_meet ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_told to_him/it and_he/it_went ʼAḩʼāⱱ to_meet ʼĒliyyāh.
17And_he/it_was when_saw ʼAḩʼāⱱ DOM ʼĒliyyāh and_he/it_said ʼAḩʼāⱱ to_him/it you [is]_this Oh_[you_who]_trouble Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
18And_he/it_said not I_have_troubled DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) if/because (if) you and_house I_will_show_you(ms) in/on/at/with_abandoned_you_all DOM the_commandments of_YHWH and_went after the_Baals.
19And_now send gather to_me DOM all Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) to the_mountain the_Karmel/(Carmel) and_DOM the_prophets the_Baˊal four hundred(s) and_fifty and_prophets the_asherah four hundred(s) [who]_eat of_the_table of_ʼĪzeⱱel.
20And_sent ʼAḩʼāⱱ in_all the_people of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_assembled DOM the_prophets to the_mountain the_Karmel/(Carmel).
21And_came_near ʼĒliyyāh to all the_people and_he/it_said until when [will]_you_all [be]_limping on the_two the_opinions if YHWH the_ʼElohīm walk after_him and_if the_Baˊal walk after_him and_not they_answered the_people DOM_him/it a_word.
22And_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh to the_people I I_am_left a_prophet to/for_YHWH by_myself and_prophets the_Baˊal’s [are]_four hundred(s) and_fifty man.
23And_they_give to/for_us two young_bulls and_choose to/for_them the_bull the_one and_cut_inpieces_it and_put on the_wood and_fire not they_will_set and_I I_will_prepare DOM the_bull the_one and_lay on the_wood and_fire not I_will_set.
24And_call in/on_name_of god_your_all’s and_I I_will_call in/on/at/with_name of_YHWH and_it_was the_ʼElohīm who he_will_answer in/on/at/with_fire he the_ʼElohīm and_answered all the_people and_they_said [is]_good the_word.
25And_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh to_prophets the_Baˊal choose to/for_you_all the_bull the_one and_prepare first if/because you_all the_many and_call in/on_name_of god_your_all’s and_fire not you_all_will_set.
26And_they_took DOM the_bull which someone_gave to/for_them and_prepared and_called in/on/at/with_name the_Baˊal from_the_morning and_unto the_noon to_say the_Baˊal answer_us and_there_was_no a_voice and_no [one_who]_answered and_limped at the_altar which he_had_made.
27And_he/it_was in/on/at/with_noon and_mocked (is)_in_them ʼĒliyyāh and_he/it_said call_out in/on/at/with_voice great if/because [is]_a_god he if/because musing and_because/when a_going_away to_him/it and_because/when a_journey to_him/it perhaps [is]_sleeping he and_awakened.
28And_cried in/on/at/with_voice great and_cut as_custom_their in/on/at/with_swords and_in/on/at/with_spears until poured_out blood over_them.
29And_he/it_was as_passed the_midday and_raved until to_offering the_evening_sacrifice and_there_was_no a_voice and_no [one_who]_answered and_no attentiveness.
30And_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh to/from_all/each/any/every the_people draw_near to_me and_came_closer all the_people to_him/it and_repaired DOM the_altar of_YHWH the_torn_down.
31And_he/it_took ʼĒliyyāh two_plus ten stones according_to_number of_the_tribes of_the_sons of_Yaˊₐqoⱱ/(Jacob) whom it_had_come the_word of_YHWH to_him/it to_say Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) it_will_be name_your.
32And_built DOM the_stones an_altar in/on_name_of of_YHWH and_he/it_made a_trench as_hold of_two_seahs seed around about_the_altar.
33And_arranged DOM the_wood and_cut_inpieces DOM the_bull and_he/it_assigned on the_wood.
34And_he/it_said fill four jars water and_pour on the_burnt_offering and_on the_wood[fn] and_he/it_said do_[it]_again and_did_asecond_time and_he/it_said do_[it]_a_third_time and_did_athird_time.
35And_ran the_waters around to_the_altar and_also DOM the_trench he_filled water.
36And_he/it_was in/on/at/with_offering the_oblation and_came_near ʼĒliyyāh the_prophet and_said Oh_YHWH the_god of_ʼAⱱrāhām Yiʦḩāq/(Isaac) and_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) the_day let_it_be_known if/because_that you [are]_god in/on/at/with_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_I servant_your and_in/on/at/with_word_your[fn] I_have_done DOM all the_things the_these.
37Answer_me Oh_YHWH answer_me and_know the_people the_this if/because_that you Oh_YHWH the_ʼElohīm and_you(ms) you_have_turned_around DOM hearts_their backwards.
38And_fell the_fire of_YHWH and_she/it_ate DOM the_burnt_offering and_DOM the_wood and_DOM the_stones and_DOM the_dust and_DOM the_waters which in/on/at/with_trench it_licked_up.
39And_he/it_saw all the_people and_they_fell on faces_their and_they_said YHWH he the_ʼElohīm YHWH he the_ʼElohīm.
40And_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh to/for_them seize DOM the_prophets the_Baˊal anyone not let_him_escape from_them and_seized_them and_brought_down_them ʼĒliyyāh to the_wadi of_Qīshōn and_slaughtered_them there.

18:41 The drought ends

41Then Eliyyah told King Ahav, “Get ready and have something to eat and drink, because I can hear the noise of heavy rain coming.” 42So Ahav got ready and had something to eat and drink, but Eliyyah went further up Mt. Karmel and squatted with his face down between his knees[ref] 43and told his servant, “Go up now, and look towards the ocean.”

He went up and looked and said, “There’s nothing there.”

This happened seven times, 44but on the seventh time he came back and said, “Wow, there’s a small cloud out above the ocean about the size of a man’s palm.”

Then Eliyyah ordered him, “Rush and tell Ahab to get his chariot ready and head down so he won’t be caught in the rain.”

45Very soon the sky was full of dark clouds, then wind and heavy rain. Ahav kept riding and made it to the city of Yezreel. 46Yahweh gave Eliyyah extra strength and he tucked his robe into his belt, and ran ahead of Ahav going into Yezreel.


18:32 A more Jewish interpretation that seems to agree with v34–35—see https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/31555/water-in-elijahs-trench.


41And_he/it_said ʼĒliyyāh to_ʼAḩʼāⱱ go_up eat and_drink if/because the_sound of_the_noise the_rain.
42And_went_up ʼAḩʼāⱱ to_eat and_to_drink and_ʼĒliyyāh he_went_up to the_top the_Karmel/(Carmel) and_bent_down towards_land and_he/it_assigned his/its_faces/face between knees_his[fn].
43And_he/it_said to servant_his go_up please look [the]_direction of_[the]_sea and_he/it_ascended and_looked and_he/it_said there_[is]_not anything and_he/it_said go_back seven times.
44And_he/it_was in/on/at/with_seventh_time and_he/it_said there a_cloud small as_as_hand of_a_person [is]_coming_up from_sea and_he/it_said go_up say to ʼAḩʼāⱱ harness and_go_down and_not stop_you the_rain.
45And_he/it_was until thus and_unto thus and_the_sky they_grew_dark clouds and_spirit and_he/it_was rain great and_rode ʼAḩʼāⱱ and_he/it_went Yizrəˊēʼl/(Jezreel)_to.
46And_hand of_YHWH it_was to ʼĒliyyāh and_girded_up loins_his and_ran to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before ʼAḩʼāⱱ until your(ms)_going Yizrəˊēʼl/(Jezreel)_to.

18:34 Note: KJB: 1Kgs.18.34

18:36 Variant note: ו/ב/דברי/ך: (x-qere) ’וּ/בִ/דְבָרְ/ךָ֣’: lemma_c/b/1697 morph_HC/R/Ncmsc/Sp2ms id_11VuX וּ/בִ/דְבָרְ/ךָ֣

18:42 Variant note: ברכ/ו: (x-qere) ’בִּרְכָּֽי/ו’: lemma_1290 n_0 morph_HNcfdc/Sp3ms id_11qFQ בִּרְכָּֽי/ו


BMMBibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

Prophets of the Old Testament before 800 B.C.

If you ask someone today what biblical prophets did, they will likely tell you that they divinely foretold of future events. While this was often the case, most prophets in the Bible focused as much on “forthtelling” God’s messages as they did on “foretelling” the future. That is, their primary role was to simply “forthtell” divinely acquired messages to leaders and groups of people, and at times that included foretelling of coming judgment, blessing, rescue, etc. Also, though plenty of prophets (sometimes called “seers” in Scripture) often spoke in confrontational or eccentric language that put them at odds with kings and religious leaders, the biblical writers also applied the term prophet to people who communicated God’s messages in ways that many readers today might not think of as prophecy, such as worship leaders appointed by David to “prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals” (1 Chronicles 25:1). Similarly, the books of Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, and 1 & 2 Kings are typically categorized as history by Christians, but in the Hebrew canon they belong to the category of Former Prophets. The Lord raised up prophets throughout all of biblical history, from the giving of the law under Moses to the revelation of the last days by the apostle John, and the kings of Israel and Judah often recognized and supported specific people as official prophets of the royal court and consulted them to find out God’s perspective about official matters. Following is a list of nearly everyone designated as prophet or seer in the Old Testament and the primary area of their ministry.

• Deborah (1216 B.C.) [Judges 4:4] => Baal-tamar?
• Samuel (1070 B.C.) [1 Samuel 3:20; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 35:18] => Ramah
• Gad (1018 B.C.) [2 Samuel 24:11; 1 Chronicles 21:9; 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Masada?
• Nathan (1000 B.C.) [2 Samuel 12:1; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Jerusalem
• Asaph (1000 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 29:30] => Jerusalem
• Ahijah (935 B.C.) [1 Kings 11:29; 2 Chronicles 9:29] => Jerusalem
• Shemaiah (930 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 12:2-15] => Jerusalem
• Iddo (913 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 9:29; 12:15; 13:22] => Jerusalem
• Jehu son of Hanani (890 B.C.) [1 Kings 16:1-7; 2 Chronicles 19:2] => Samaria?
• Azariah (890 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 15:1-8] => Jerusalem
• Elijah (860 B.C.) [1 Kings 18:36] => Samaria
• Micaiah (853 B.C.) [1 Kings 22:8-23; 2 Chronicles 18:7-22] => Samaria
• Jahaziel (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:14] => Jerusalem
• Eliezer (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:37] => Mareshah
• Elisha (850 B.C.) [1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 2:15] => Samaria
• Joel (835 B.C.) [Joel 1:1] => Jerusalem

1KI 18 ©

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