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Tyndale Open Bible Dictionary

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SHAPHAN

1. Son of Azaliah and the father of Ahikam, Elasah, and Gemariah. He and his household favored Josiah’s reforms, supported the prophet Jeremiah, and complied with Babylonian hegemony.

Shaphan served as the royal secretary to Josiah, king of Judah (640–609 BC). He read the Book of the Law to the king after it was found by the high priest Hilkiah in the sanctuary of Jerusalem. Later, Josiah sent him with a small delegation to hear the words of the prophetess Huldah (2 Kgs 22:3-14; 2 Chr 34:8-28).

Show passage in OET: KI2 22:3–14

OET-RV KI2 22:3

3 In the eighth month of the eighteenth year of King Yoshiyah’s (Josiah’s) reign, he sent the scribe Shafan (the son of Atsalyah the son of Meshulam) to the temple, saying

OET-RV KI2 22:4

4 “Go to the high priest Hilkiyah and get him to count the silver that was brought into Yahweh’s temple, which the door-keepers collected from the people.

OET-RV KI2 22:5

5 Then have it given to the supervisors of the temple repairs, and then they can pay the workers who are repairing the damage—

OET-RV KI2 22:6

6 the craftsmen, builders, and masons, as well as buying wood and quarried stones for the repairs.”

OET-RV KI2 22:7

7 They won’t need to submit detailed accounts for it because they’re trustworthy people.

OET-RV KI2 22:8

8 During the repairs, the high priest Hilkiyah told the scribe Shafan, “I found a scroll in the temple with Yahweh’s instructions written on it.” So Hilkiyah gave the scroll to Shafan to read.

OET-RV KI2 22:9

9 Then Shafan the scribe went to the king with this report, “Your servants handed over the money that had been collected in the temple, and they gave it to the supervisors of the workers doing the repairs.”

OET-RV KI2 22:10

10 Then he added, “And the priest Hilkiyah gave me a scroll.” Then he read it out loud to King Yoshiyah.

OET-RV KI2 22:11

11 When the king heard the contents of the scroll, he tore his clothes

OET-RV KI2 22:12

12 and commanded the priest Hilkiyah, Shafan’s son Ahikam, Mikayah’s son Akbor, the scribe Shafan, and the king’s servant Asayah,

OET-RV KI2 22:13

13 “Go and inquire from Yahweh on my behalf and on behalf of the people and all Yehudah (Judah), concerning the words of this scroll that was found. Because it sounds like Yahweh must be very angry at us because our predecessors didn’t listen to what’s written on this scroll and didn’t do what was expected of us.”

OET-RV KI2 22:14

14 So Hilkiyah the priest and Ahikam, Akbor, Shafan, and Asayah went to the prophetess Huldah (the wife of Shalum, the son of Tikvah, the son of Harhas, the one in charge of looking after the priests’ uniforms who lived in the newer part of Yerushalem (Jerusalem)), and they spoke to her.

OET-LV KI2 22:3

3 And_he/it_was in_eight- teen year to/for_the_king Yoʼshiyyāh the_king he_sent DOM Shāfān the_son_of ʼAʦalyāhū the_son_of Məshullām the_scribe the_house_of YHWH to_say.

OET-LV KI2 22:4

4 Go_up to Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer (the)_great and_let_him_complete DOM the_money which_has_been_brought the_house_of YHWH which the_keepers_of the_threshold they_have_gathered from_with the_people.

OET-LV KI2 22:5

5 And on the_hand_of the_doers_of the_work who_have_been_appointed in/on/at/with of_YHWH and_they_give DOM_him/it to_the_doers_of the_work who in_house_of YHWH to_repair the_damage_of the_house.

OET-LV KI2 22:6

6 To_craftsmen and_to_builders and_to_wall-builders and_to_acquire wood(s) and_stones_of hewing to_repair DOM the_house.

OET-LV KI2 22:7

7 Only not it_will_be_accounted_for with_them the_money which_is_given on hand_of_their if/because in_faithfulness they are_working.

OET-LV KI2 22:8

8 And_ Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer (the)_great _he/it_said to Shāfān the_scribe the_scroll_of the_law I_have_found in_house_of YHWH and_ Ḩilqiyyāh _he/it_gave DOM the_scroll to Shāfān and_he_read_it.

OET-LV KI2 22:9

9 And_ Shāfān the_scribe _he_went to the_king and_he_brought_back DOM the_king message and_he/it_said your_servants they_have_poured_out DOM the_money which_was_found in_house and_they_have_given_it on the_hand_of the_doers_of the_work who_had_been_appointed the_house_of YHWH.

OET-LV KI2 22:10

10 And_ Shāfān the_scribe _he_told to/for_the_king to_say a_scroll he_gave to_me Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer and_he_read_it_aloud Shāfān to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_king.

OET-LV KI2 22:11

11 And_he/it_was just_ the_king _as_heard DOM the_words/messages_of the_scroll_of the_law and_he_tore DOM clothes_of_his.

OET-LV KI2 22:12

12 And_ the_king _he/it_commanded DOM Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer and_DOM ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān and_DOM ˊAkbōr the_son_of Mīkāyāh and_DOM Shāfān the_scribe and_DOM ˊAsāyāh the_servant_of the_king to_say.

OET-LV KI2 22:13

13 Go consult DOM YHWH for_me and_for the_people and_for all_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) on the_words/messages_of the_scroll which_has_been_found the_this if/because is_great the_rage_of YHWH which it it_has_been_kindled on_us on that not ancestors_of_our they_listened to the_words/messages_of the_scroll the_this for_doing according_to_every_of (the)_thing_written on_us.

OET-LV KI2 22:14

14 And_ Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer and_ʼAḩīqām and_ˊAkbōr and_Shāfān and_ˊAsāyāh _he/it_went to Ḩuldāh the_prophetess the_wife_of Shallūm the_son_of Tiqvāh the_son_of Ḩarḩaş the_one_who_kept the_garments and_she was_dwelling in_Yərūshālaim/(Jerusalem) in_district and_they_spoke to_her.

Jump to OET KI2 22:3–14 section.

Shaphan’s sons were mentioned among the political leaders of Judah during the days of its desolation by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon (605–586 BC). Ahikam assisted with the repair of the sanctuary and protected Jeremiah from the men who sought his death during the reign of King Jehoiakim (609–598 BC; 2 Kgs 22:12; Jer 26:24). Elasah delivered a message from King Zedekiah of Judah (597–586 BC) to Nebuchadnezzar in Babylon (Jer 29:3). Gemariah was the prince of Judah from whose chamber Baruch read the scroll of Jeremiah to the people (36:10-12).

Show passage in OET: KI2 22:12

OET-RV KI2 22:12

12 and commanded the priest Hilkiyah, Shafan’s son Ahikam, Mikayah’s son Akbor, the scribe Shafan, and the king’s servant Asayah,

OET-LV KI2 22:12

12 And_ the_king _he/it_commanded DOM Ḩilqiyyāh the_priest/officer and_DOM ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān and_DOM ˊAkbōr the_son_of Mīkāyāh and_DOM Shāfān the_scribe and_DOM ˊAsāyāh the_servant_of the_king to_say.
Show passage in OET: JER 26:24

OET-RV JER 26:24

24 However, Shafan’s son Ahikam supported Yirmiyah and didn’t allow the people to kill him.

OET-LV JER 26:24

24 Nevertheless the_hand_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān it_was with Yirməyāh to_not to_give DOM_him/it in_the_hand_of the_people to_put_him_to_death.
Show passage in OET: JER 29:3

OET-RV JER 29:3

3 He sent it with Shafan’s son Eleasah and Hilkiyah’s son Gemaryah, who Yehudah’s King Tsidkiyah (Zedekiah) sent to the Babylonian King Nevukadnetsar in Bavel. The letter said,

OET-LV JER 29:3

3 By_the_hand_of ʼElˊāsāh the_son_of Shāfān and_Gəmaryāh the_son_of Ḩilqiyyāh whom Tsidqiyyāh/(Zedekiah) the_king_of Yəhūdāh he_sent to Nəⱱūkadneʦʦar the_king_of Bāⱱel to_Bāⱱel to_say.
Show passage in OET: JER 36:10–12

OET-RV JER 36:10

10 Again Baruk read Yirmiyah’s messages aloud at Yahweh’s temple, from the room of Gemaryah (son of the scribe Shafan) in the upper courtyard, by the entrance gate to Yahweh’s residence. He did this so that all the people could hear it.

OET-RV JER 36:11

11 When Mikayah (son of Gemaryah son of Shafan) heard all Yahweh’s messages from the scroll,

OET-RV JER 36:12

12 he went down to the secretary’s room in the palace, and wow, all the officials were sitting there: Elishama the secretary, Shemayah’s son Delayah, Akbor’s son Elnatan, Shafan’s son Gemaryah, and Hananyah’s son Tsidkiyah (Zedekiah), along with all the other officials.

OET-LV JER 36:10

10 And_ Bārūk _he/it_called in_scroll DOM the_words/messages_of Yirməyāh/(Jeremiah) the_house_of YHWH in_the_room_of Gəmaryāh the_son_of Shāfān the_scribe in_court (the)_upper the_entrance_of the_gate_of the_house_of YHWH (the)_new in_the_ears_of all_of the_people.

OET-LV JER 36:11

11 And_ Mīkāyəhū the_son_of Gəmaryāh the_son_of Shāfān _he/it_listened DOM all_of the_words/messages_of YHWH from_under the_scroll.

OET-LV JER 36:12

12 And_he/it_descended the_house_of the_king to the_room_of the_scribe and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE there all_of the_officials ʼElīshāˊma the_scribe and_Dəlāyāh the_son_of Shəmaˊyāh and_ʼElnātān the_son_of ˊAkbōr and_Gəmaryāh the_son_of Shāfān and_Tsidqiyyāh/(Zedekiah) the_son_of Ḩₐnanyāh and_all the_officials were_sitting.

Jump to OET KI2 22:12 section.

Jump to OET JER 26:24 section.

Jump to OET JER 29:3 section.

Jump to OET JER 36:10–12 section.

Shaphan was the grandfather of Micaiah (Jer 36:11-13) and Gedaliah. Gedaliah was appointed governor of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kgs 25:22; Jer 40:5-11) and ordered to protect Jeremiah (Jer 39:14). Gedaliah was later murdered by a mob led by Ishmael (41:2).

Show passage in OET: JER 36:11–13

OET-RV JER 36:11

11 When Mikayah (son of Gemaryah son of Shafan) heard all Yahweh’s messages from the scroll,

OET-RV JER 36:12

12 he went down to the secretary’s room in the palace, and wow, all the officials were sitting there: Elishama the secretary, Shemayah’s son Delayah, Akbor’s son Elnatan, Shafan’s son Gemaryah, and Hananyah’s son Tsidkiyah (Zedekiah), along with all the other officials.

OET-RV JER 36:13

13 When Mikayah reported to them all the messages that he’d heard Baruk read aloud for the people to hear,

OET-LV JER 36:11

11 And_ Mīkāyəhū the_son_of Gəmaryāh the_son_of Shāfān _he/it_listened DOM all_of the_words/messages_of YHWH from_under the_scroll.

OET-LV JER 36:12

12 And_he/it_descended the_house_of the_king to the_room_of the_scribe and_BEHOLD/LO/SEE there all_of the_officials ʼElīshāˊma the_scribe and_Dəlāyāh the_son_of Shəmaˊyāh and_ʼElnātān the_son_of ˊAkbōr and_Gəmaryāh the_son_of Shāfān and_Tsidqiyyāh/(Zedekiah) the_son_of Ḩₐnanyāh and_all the_officials were_sitting.

OET-LV JER 36:13

13 And_he_told to/for_them Mīkāyəhū DOM all_of the_words/messages which he_had_heard when_ Bārūk _read_aloud in_scroll in_the_ears_of the_people.
Show passage in OET: KI2 25:22

OET-RV KI2 25:22

22 From those who the Babylonian King Nevukadnetsar (Nebuchadnezzar) allowed to remain, he appointed Gedalyah (son of Shafan’s son Ahikam) over them.

OET-LV KI2 25:22

22 And_the_people who_remained in_land of_Yəhūdāh whom Nebuchadnezzar the_king_of Bāⱱel he_left_behind and_he_appointed over_them DOM Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān.
Show passage in OET: JER 40:5–11

OET-RV JER 40:5

5 Or why don’t you return to Gedalyah (son of Ahikam, son of Shafan) who the Babylonian king has put in charge of Yehudah’s cities. Stay among the people with him, or go wherever you think best.” Then the king’s chief bodyguard gave him food and a gift, and sent him away.

OET-RV JER 40:6

6 So Yirmiyah went to Gedalyah’s place and stayed with him among the people who were left behind in the land.

OET-RV JER 40:7

7 Now some commanders of Yehudi (Jew) soldiers who were still in the countryside, along with their men heard that the Babylonian king had made Ahikam’s son Gedalyah governor over the land. They also heard that he’d put him in charge of the men, women, and children who were the poorest people in the land—those who hadn’t been exiled to Bavel (Babylon).

OET-RV JER 40:8

8 So they went to Gedalyah at Mitspah. Those who went were Netanyah’s son Yishmael (Ishmael), Kareah’s sons Yohanan and Yonatan (Jonathan), Tanhumet’s son Serayah, the sons of Ofay the Netofati, and Ma’akati’s son Yezanyah, and their men.

OET-RV JER 40:9

9 Gedalyah (son of Ahikam, son of Shafan) made a promise to them and their men, saying, “Don’t be afraid to serve the Babylonian officials. Live in the land and serve the Babylonian king, and it will go well with you.

OET-RV JER 40:10

10 See, I’m living in Mitspah to meet with the Babylonians who came to us. So harvest wine, summer fruit, and oil and store them in your containers. Live in the cities that you’ve occupied.”

OET-RV JER 40:11

11 Then all the Yehudim (Jews) in Moav (Moab), among the people of Amon, and in Edom, and in every land heard that the Babylonian king had allowed a small number of people to stay in Yehudah (Judah), and that he’d appointed Gedalyah (son of Ahikam, son of Shafan) over them.

OET-LV JER 40:5

5 And_still_he not he_will_return and_return to Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān whom the_king_of Bāⱱel he_has_appointed over_the_cities_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_remain with_him/it in_the_middle the_people or to any_of (the)_place_right in_eyes_of_your to_go go and_he_gave to_him/it the_chief_of the_bodyguards a_food_allowance and_a_present and_he/it_sent_out/away_him/it.

OET-LV JER 40:6

6 And_ Yirməyāh/(Jeremiah) _he_went to Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām to_(the)_Miʦpāh and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived with_him/it in_the_middle the_people which_remained on_the_earth.

OET-LV JER 40:7

7 And_ all_of the_commanders_of the_armies which in_the_field they and_men_of_their _they_heard if/because_that the_king_of Bāⱱel he_had_appointed DOM Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām on_the_earth and_because/when he_had_appointed with_him/it men and_women and_little_one[s] and_some_of_the_poor_people_of the_earth/land from_those_who not they_had_been_taken_into_exile to_Bāⱱel.

OET-LV JER 40:8

8 And_they_came to Gədalyāh to_(the)_Miʦpāh and_Yishmāˊʼēl/(Ishmael) the_son_of Nətanyāh and_Yōḩānān/(Johanan) and_Yōnātān/(Yəhōnātān/(Jonathan)) the_sons_of Qārēaḩ and_Sərāyāh the_son_of Tanḩumet and_the_sons of_ˊŌfay/(Ephai) the_Nəţofātī and_Yəzanyāh/(Jezaniah) the_son_of the_Maˊₐkātī they and_men_of_their.

OET-LV JER 40:9

9 And_he_swore_an_oath to/for_them Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān and_to_men_of_their to_say do_not be_afraid from_serving the_ones_from_Kasdiy dwell in/on_the_earth and_serve DOM the_king_of Bāⱱel so_that_it_may_go_well for_you(pl).

OET-LV JER 40:10

10 And_I here_I will_be_dwelling at_Miʦpāh to_stand to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before the_ones_from_Kasdiy who they_will_come to_us and_you(pl) gather wine and_summer_fruit and_oil and_put_them in_vessels_of_your(pl) and_dwell in_cities_of_your(pl) which you(pl)_have_taken_hold_of.

OET-LV JER 40:11

11 And_also all_of the_Yəhūdī/(Judeans) who were_in_Mōʼāⱱ and_among_the_people_of ˊAmmōn and_in_ʼEdōm and_which in_all the_lands they_heard if/because_that the_king_of Bāⱱel he_had_given a_remnant to_Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_because/when he_had_appointed over_them DOM Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān.
Show passage in OET: JER 39:14

OET-RV JER 39:14

14 sent out men to fetch Yirmiyah from the guards’ courtyard. They handed him over to Gedalyah (son of Ahikam, son of Shafan) to take him home, so Yirmiyah stayed there among the people.

OET-LV JER 39:14

14 And_they_sent and_they_took DOM Yirməyāh from_the_courtyard_of the_guard and_they_gave_over DOM_him/it to Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān to_take_him_out to the_house and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_the_middle the_people.
Show passage in OET: JER 41:2

OET-RV JER 41:2

2 Then Yishmael and the ten men who were with him, stood up and attacked with their swords. Yishmael killed Gedalyah, who the Babylonian king had put in charge of the region,

OET-LV JER 41:2

2 And_he/it_rose_up Yishmāˊʼēl/(Ishmael) the_son_of Nətanyāh and_the_ten_of the_men who they_were with_him/it and_they_struck_down DOM Gədalyāh the_son_of ʼAḩīqām the_son_of Shāfān with_sword and_he_killed DOM_him/it whom the_king_of Bāⱱel he_had_appointed on_the_earth.

Jump to OET JER 36:11–13 section.

Jump to OET KI2 25:22 section.

Jump to OET JER 40:5–11 section.

Jump to OET JER 39:14 section.

Jump to OET JER 41:2 section.

2. Father of Jaazaniah and, in Ezekiel’s vision, a leader of idolatrous practices in Israel (Ez 8:11).

Show passage in OET: EZE 8:11

OET-RV EZE 8:11

11 Seventy elders from the Israeli people were there, and Shafan’s son Ya’azanyah was standing in the middle of them. They were standing in front of the images, and each man was holding his incense burner so that the smell of the cloud of incense went up.

OET-LV EZE 8:11

11 And_seventy man of_the_elders_of of_the_house_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_Jaazaniah the_son_of Shaphan was_standing among_them were_standing before_them and_everyone censer_of_his in_his/its_hand and_the_fragrance_of the_cloud_of (the)_incense was_going_up.

Jump to OET EZE 8:11 section.