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Open English Translation 1SA Chapter 12

1SA 12 ©

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

12:1 Shemuel’s farewell speech

12Then Shemuel said to all Israel, “Listen to me now. I’ve listened to your voices and taken notice of everything that you all said to me. And I’ve appointed a king to reign over you all. 2So look now and you can see your king walking here in front of you all. But as for me, I’m old and gray, and my sons are among you all. I’ve served you all openly from my youth right up to the present time, 3and here I am now. Now with Yahweh listening, answer this truthfully: Have I ever taken anyone’s ox or donkey? Did I cheat anyone? Have I oppressed anyone or taken a bribe to not see something? I’ll pay back anything I owe anyone.”

4No, you haven’t cheated us,” they answered. “And you haven’t oppressed us or taken any payments.”

5“Yahweh is a your witness,” he said. “And his anointed king is a witness today, that you have never found me taking anything that wasn’t mine.”

We witness that,” they agreed.

6“It was Yahweh who appointed Mosheh and Aharon,” Shemuel continued, “and who brought your ancestors out of Egypt.[ref] 7Now present yourselves to Yahweh as I confront you all in front of him by telling you about his righteousness that he displayed to you all as well as to your ancestors before you: 8After Yacob went to Egypt and your ancestors cried out to Yahweh, then Yahweh sent Mosheh and Aharon, and they brought your ancestors out of Egypt and settled them into this place.[ref] 9Then they forgot their God Yahweh, and he allowed them to be oppressed by Sisera (the commander of the army from Hazor), and the Philistines, and the king of Moab. Then they fought against them[ref] 10and cried out to Yahweh, ‘We have sinned, because we have forsaken Yahweh and have served the Baals and the Ashtorets. But if you rescue us now from our enemies, we will serve you.’[ref] 11Then Yahweh sent Gideon, Bedan, Yeftah, and Shimshon[fn] to rescue you all from your enemies all around you, and so you all have had times of living securely.[ref] 12But then you all saw Ammonite King Nahash coming against you, and you demanded that you all wanted a king to reign over you rather than having your God Yahweh as your king.[ref]

13So now, look, here’s the king that you all chose to have. Yes,, Yahweh has given you all a king. 14If you all honour Yahweh and listen to his instructions and don’t rebel against his commands, then both you and your king will indeed be following your God Yahweh. 15But if you all don’t listen to Yahweh, and you rebel against his commands, then he will work against you all just like he worked against your ancestors.[fn] 16So now stay there and you’ll all see the incredible sign that Yahweh is about to do in front of you. 17Now, isn’t it the time of the wheat harvest right now? I’ll call to Yahweh, and he’ll send unseasonal thunder and rain, and then you’ll all see and realise that in Yahweh’s view, asking for a king was very evil.”

18So Shemuel called to Yahweh and he sent thunder and rain that day, and all the people became very afraid of Yahweh and Shemuel 19and begged Shemuel, “Pray to your God Yahweh for your servants, so that we won’t die, because we’ve added more evil onto all our previous sins by requesting a king for ourselves.”

20“Don’t be afraid,” Shemuel responded. “You yourselves have indeed done all this evil. However, don’t make it worse by turning away from Yahweh, but rather, serve him with all your being. 21And don’t turn away from Yahweh and worship useless idols because they can’t benefit you or rescue you, because they’re empty of life. 22Yahweh won’t abandon his people because he has an excellent reputation to uphold, especially since he’s declared you all to be his people. 23Also, far be it from me to sin against Yahweh by not praying for you all, as well as instructing you all in the good and proper way. 24Just honour Yahweh and serve him faithfully and sincerelyalways remembering the incredible things he’s done for you all. 25But if you all continue to do evil, both you and your king will get swept away.”


12:11 TC: This list of four names varies between different ancient manuscripts so you might find variation in other translations.

12:15 TC: or (in the ancient Septuagint translation), …against you all and your king.


12and_he/it_said Shəʼēl to all Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) here I_have_listened in/on/at/with_voice_your_all’s to_all/each/any/every that you_all_have_said to_me and_I_set_king over_you_all a_king.
2And_now here the_king [is]_walking_about before_face/front_you_all and_I I_am_old and_gray and_sons_my here_they with_you_all and_I I_have_walked_about before_face/front_you_all from_youth_my until the_day the_this.
3Here_I testify in/on/at/with_me before YHWH and_before anointed_his DOM the_ox of_whom have_I_taken and_donkey of_whom have_I_taken and_DOM whom have_I_oppressed DOM whom have_I_crushed and_from_hand of_whom have_I_taken a_ransom and_blind eyes_my in/on/over_him/it and_restore to_you_all.
4And_they_said not defrauded_us and_not oppressed_us and_not you_have_taken from_hand of_anyone anything.
5And_he/it_said to_them [is]_a_witness YHWH in/on/at/with_you_all and_witness anointed_his the_day the_this if/because_that not you_all_have_found in/on/at/with_hand_my anything and_he/it_said [he_is]_a_witness.
6and_he/it_said Shəʼēl to the_people YHWH who he_appointed DOM Mosheh and ʼAhₐron and_which he_brought_up DOM ancestors_your_all’s from_land of_Miʦrayim/(Egypt).
7And_now present_yourselves and_plead with_you_all to_(the)_face_of/in_front_of/before YHWH DOM all the_righteousness(es) of_YHWH which he_did for_you_all and_DOM ancestors_your_all’s.
8After_when he_went Yaˊₐqoⱱ/(Jacob) Miʦrayim and_cried_out ancestors_your_all’s to YHWH and_sent YHWH DOM Mosheh and ʼAhₐron and_brought_out DOM ancestors_your_all’s from_Miʦrayim and_settled_them in/on/at/with_place the_this.
9And_forgot DOM YHWH god_their and_sold DOM_them in/on/at/with_hand of_Şīşərāʼ the_commander of_the_army of_Ḩāʦōr and_in/on/at/with_hand of_[the]_Fəlishəttiy and_in/on/at/with_hand of_the_king of_Mōʼāⱱ and_fought in/on/at/with_them.
10And_cried_out to YHWH and_said[fn][fn] we_have_sinned if/because we_have_forsaken DOM YHWH and_served DOM the_Baals and_DOM the_ˊAshəttorets and_now deliver_us from_hand enemies_our and_serve_you.
11And_sent YHWH DOM Jerub-Baˊal and_DOM Bedan and_DOM Yiftāḩ/(Jephthah) and_DOM Shəʼēl and_delivered DOM_you_all from_hand enemies_your_all’s on_every_side and_lived security.
12And_saw if/because_that Nāḩāsh the_king of_the_people of_ˊAmmōn [was]_coming against_you_all and_said to_me no if/because a_king he_will_reign over_us and_LORD god_your_all’s king_your_all’s.
13And_now here the_king whom you_all_have_chosen whom you_all_asked_for and_see/lo/see he_has_set YHWH over_you_all a_king.
14If you_all_will_fear DOM YHWH and_serve DOM_him/it and_obey in/on/at/with_voice_his and_not you_all_will_rebel_against DOM the_mouth of_YHWH and_you_all_are both you_all and_also the_king who he_has_become_king over_you_all after YHWH god_your_all’s.
15And_if not you_all_will_listen in/on/at/with_voice of_YHWH and_rebel_against DOM the_mouth of_YHWH and_be the_hand of_YHWH in/on/at/with_you_all and_in/on/at/with_ancestors_your_all’s.
16Also now stand and_see DOM the_thing the_great the_this which YHWH [is]_about_to_do before_eyes_your_all’s.
17Am_not [is]_the_harvest of_wheat(s) the_day I_will_call_out to YHWH and_send thunder_claps and_rain and_know and_see if/because_that wickedness_your_all’s [is]_great which you_all_have_done in/on_both_eyes_of of_YHWH by_asking to/for_you_all a_king.
18and_he/it_called Shəʼēl to YHWH and_he/it_gave YHWH thunder_claps and_rain in_the_day (the)_that and_feared all the_people exceedingly DOM YHWH and_DOM Shəʼēl.
19And_they_said all the_people to Shəʼēl pray for your_servants to YHWH god_your and_not we_will_die if/because we_have_added to all sins_our an_evil_thing of_requesting to/for_us a_king.
20and_he/it_said Shəʼēl to the_people do_not be_afraid you_all you_all_have_done DOM all the_evil the_this nevertheless do_not turn_aside from_following YHWH and_serve DOM YHWH in_all heart_your_all’s.
21And_not you_all_must_turn_aside if/because after the_useless which not they_will_benefit and_not they_will_rescue if/because [are]_emptiness they.
22If/because not he_will_abandon YHWH DOM people_his in_account_of his/its_name the_great if/because he_was_determined YHWH for_doing DOM_you_all to_him/it as_people.
23Also I far_be_it to/for_me from_sin to/for_YHWH by_ceasing to_pray for_you_all and_instruct DOM_you_all in/on/at/with_way the_good and_the_right.
24Only fear DOM YHWH and_serve DOM_him/it in/on/at/with_truth in_all heart_your_all’s if/because consider DOM [that]_which he_has_done_great_things for_you_all.
25And_if still_(do_evil) you_all_will_do_evil both you_all as_well_as king_your_all’s you_all_will_be_swept_away.

12:10 Variant note: ו/יאמר: (x-qere) ’וַ/יֹּאמְר֣וּ’: lemma_c/559 morph_HC/Vqw3mp id_09Es6 וַ/יֹּאמְר֣וּ

12:10 Note: Adaptations to a Qere which L and BHS, by their design, do not indicate.

1SA 12 ©

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