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1SAIntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31

Open English Translation 1SA Chapter 22

1SA 22 ©

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

22:1 David moves around but gains followers

22So David left there and slipped away to the cave at Adullam. When his brothers and other relatives found out, they went and joined him there.[ref] 2Over time, any man who was in trouble, or in debt, or discontented gathered around him, and he became their leader—some four hundred men in all.

3From there, David went to Mitspah in Moab, and he asked the king of Moab, “Please let my parents stay here in the palace with you until I find out what God will do for me.” 4So he took them to the king where they stayed with him the entire time that David lived in the fortress.

5Then the prophet Gad told David, “Don’t stay in the fortress. Leave it and come back to Yehudah’s region.” So David left and went to the Heret forest in Yehudah.

22and_he/it_went Dāvid from_there and_escaped to the_cave of_ˊAdullām and_heard brothers_his and_all the_household his/its_father and_went_down to_him/it there_at.
2And_gathered to_him/it every man of_distress and_all man whom to_him/it a_creditor and_all man bitter of_soul and_he/it_was over_them as_captain and_they_were with_him/it about_four hundred(s) man.
3And_he/it_went Dāvid from_there Miʦpāh of_Mōʼāⱱ and_he/it_said to the_king of_Mōʼāⱱ let_him_go_out please father_my and_mother_my with_you_all until that I_will_know what will_he_do to/for_me god.
4And_left_them with the_presence of_the_king of_Mōʼāⱱ and_they_lived with_him/it all the_days of_the_being of_Dāvid in/on/at/with_stronghold.
5and_he/it_said Gād the_prophet to Dāvid not you_must_remain in/on/at/with_stronghold go and_go_into for_you the_land of_Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_he/it_went Dāvid and_went_into the_forest of_Ḩeret.

22:6 The slaughter of the priests

6One day, Sha’ul was sitting holding his spear underneath the tamarisk tree on a hill near Gibeah with all his servants stationed around him, when he heard where David and his men were, 7and he accused his servants, “Listen now, you Benyamites. Will Yishay’s son also[fn] give fields and vineyards to all of you? Will he make all of you commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds? 8Yes, all of you have conspired against me. Not one of you informed me when my own son made a pact with that son of Yishay. And none of you took my side or even informed me that my son has encouraged my servant to lie in ambush against me as he is today!”

9Now Doeg the Edomite was stationed there with Sha’ul’s servants, and he spoke up, “I saw Yishay’s son go to Nob and talk with Ahimelek the priest,[ref] 10and the priest asked Yahweh for directions for him, and gave him food and Goliat’s sword.”

11Then the king summoned Ahitub’s son Ahimelek and all his relatives who were priests to Nob, and they all came to the king. 12“Listen now, son of Ahitub,” said Sha’ul.

Go ahead my master,” answered Ahimelek.

13“Why have you all conspired against me?” asked Sha’ul. “You gave bread to Yishay’s son, and a sword, and you asked guidance from God for him, so now he’s risen up against me—lying in ambush this very day?”

14Isn’t David one of your most faithful servants?” Ahimelek answered the king. “He’s the king’s son-in-law and commander over your guards, and isn’t he honoured in your house? 15Did I begin to inquire for him from God today? Far be it from me! Don’t let the king accuse his servant or any of my father’s household, because your servant doesn’t know about any of this—nothing at all.”

16“For certain, Ahimelek,” the king declared. “you and all your father’s household will certainly die for that!” 17Then the king commanded his messengers who were stationed beside him, “Turn around and put Yahweh’s priests to death because they’ve taken David’s side. And because they knew he was fleeing, but they didn’t inform me.” But the king’s servants weren’t willing to attack Yahweh’s priests. 18So the king commanded Doeg the Edomite, “You turn around and attack the priests.” So Doeg turned and he himself attacked the priests. He killed eighty-five men that day who wore sacred linen aprons. 19Also at Nob (the city of priests) he killed men and women with his sword, children and infants, cattle, donkeys, and sheep.

20But one of Ahimelek’s sons was able to slip away. His name was Evyatar and he fled to join David, 21and informed him that Sha’ul had commanded Doeg to kill Yahweh’s priests. 22“I knew on that day,” David responded, “when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would probably tell Sha’ul. It’s my fault that your father and all his family were murdered. 23Stick with me—don’t be afraid, because the one who wants to kill me would kill you as well. You’ll be safe with me.”


22:7 See note on ‘םַג’ (‘gam’) at https://www.sil.org/resources/publications/entry/99313.


22:1: Psa 57 header; Psa 142 header.

22:9-10: 1Sam 21:7-9; Psa 52 header.

6and_he/it_listened Shāʼūl if/because_that he_was_known Dāvid and_men who with_him/it and_Shāʼūl [was]_sitting in/on/at/with_Giⱱˊāh under the_tamarisk_tree in/on/at/with_height and_spear_his in/on/at/with_hand_his and_all servants_his [were]_standing on/upon/above_him/it.
7And_he/it_said Shāʼūl to_servants_his the_stood on/upon/above_him/it listen please Oh_Ben- jaminites also to_all_you_all will_he_give the_son of_Yishay/(Jesse) fields and_vineyards to_all_you_all will_he_appoint commanders of_thousands and_commanders of_hundreds.
8(cmp) you_all_have_conspired all_you_all against_me and_no [one_who]_opens DOM ear_of_me in/on/at/with_makes_a_covenant son_my with the_son of_Yishay and_none [one_who]_feels_pain of_you_all for_me and_telling DOM ear_of_me if/because_that he_has_raised_up son_my DOM servant_my against_me to_lie_in_wait as_the_day the_this.
9and_answered Doʼēg the_ʼEdōmite and_he [was]_standing with the_servants of_Shāʼūl and_said I_saw DOM the_son of_Yishay coming Nōd_to to ʼAḩīmelek the_son of_ʼAḩīţūⱱ.
10And_inquired to_him/it in/on/at/with_LORD and_provisions he_gave to_him/it and_DOM the_sword of_Gāləyat the_Philistine he_gave to_him/it.
11And_sent the_king to_call DOM ʼAḩīmelek the_son of_ʼAḩīţūⱱ the_priest/officer and_DOM all the_house his/its_father the_priests who in/on/at/with_Nōd and_they_came all_them to the_king.
12and_he/it_said Shāʼūl listen please Oh_son of_ʼAḩīţūⱱ and_he/it_said here_I my_master.
13And_he/it_said to_him[fn] Shāʼūl to/for_what have_you_all_conspired against_me you and_son of_Yishay/(Jesse) in/on/at/with_gave_you[fn] to_him/it bread and_sword and_inquired to_him/it in/on/at/with_god so_that_rise_up to_me to_lie_in_wait as_the_day the_this.
14and_answered ʼAḩīmelek DOM the_king and_said and_who in/on/at/with_all your_servants as_as_Dāvid [is]_faithful and_son-in-law the_king and_captain to bodyguard_your and_honoured in/on/at/with_house_your.
15The_day did_I_begin to_inquired[fn] to_him/it in/on/at/with_god no to/for_me not let_him_put the_king in/on/at/with_servant_his anything in_all the_house father’s_my if/because not he_knew servant_your in_all this anything small or great.
16And_he/it_said the_king surely_(die) you_will_die Oh_ʼAḩīmelek you and_all the_house I_will_show_you(ms).
17And_he/it_said the_king to_the_guards the_stood on/upon/above_him/it turn_round and_kill the_priests of_YHWH if/because also hand_they [is]_with Dāvid and_because/when they_knew if/because_that [was]_fleeing he and_not they_uncovered DOM ear_of_me[fn] and_not they_were_willing the_servants the_king to_raise DOM hand_their to_attack in/on/at/with_priests of_YHWH.
18and_he/it_said the_king to_Doʼēg[fn] turn_round you and_attack in/on/at/with_priests and_turned Doʼēg[fn] the_ʼEdōmite and_attacked he in/on/at/with_priests and_killed in_the_day (the)_that eighty and_five man [who]_bore an_ephod of_linen.
19And_DOM Nōd the_city the_priests he_struck_down to_edge of_[the]_sword from_man and_unto woman from_children and_unto a_sucking_child and_oxen and_donkeys and_sheep to_edge of_[the]_sword.
20And_escaped a_son one of_ʼAḩīmelek the_son of_ʼAḩīţūⱱ and_his/its_name [was]_ʼEⱱyātār and_fled after Dāvid.
21And_told ʼEⱱyātār to_Dāvid if/because_that he_had_killed Shāʼūl DOM the_priests of_YHWH.
22And_he/it_said Dāvid to_ʼEⱱyātār I_knew in_the_day (the)_that if/because [was]_there Doʼēg[fn] the_ʼEdōmite if/because_that surely_(tell) he_will_tell to_Shāʼūl I I_have_turned in_all life of_the_house I_will_show_you(ms).
23Stay with_me do_not be_afraid if/because [the_one]_who he_seeks DOM life_my he_seeks DOM life_your if/because [are]_in_good_care you with_me.

22:13 Variant note: אל/ו: (x-qere) ’אֵלָי/ו֙’: lemma_413 n_1.2.0 morph_HR/Sp3ms id_09hya אֵלָי/ו֙

22:13 Note: We read one or more accents in L differently than BHS. Often this notation indicates a typographical error in BHS.

22:15 Variant note: ל/שאול: (x-qere) ’לִ/שְׁאָל’: lemma_l/7592 morph_HR/Vqc id_09g86 לִ/שְׁאָל

22:17 Variant note: אזנ/ו: (x-qere) ’אָזְנִ֑/י’: lemma_241 n_1 morph_HNcfsc/Sp1cs id_09Cb1 אָזְנִ֑/י

22:18 Variant note: ל/דויג: (x-qere) ’לְ/דוֹאֵ֔ג’: lemma_l/1673 n_1.2 morph_HR/Np id_09aNE לְ/דוֹאֵ֔ג

22:18 Variant note: דויג: (x-qere) ’דּוֹאֵ֣ג’: lemma_1673 morph_HNp id_09u2Q דּוֹאֵ֣ג

22:22 Variant note: דויג: (x-qere) ’דּוֹאֵ֣ג’: lemma_1673 morph_HNp id_09bme דּוֹאֵ֣ג

1SA 22 ©

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