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Rev 18 V1V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V17V18V19V20V21V22V23V24

Parallel REV 18:2

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The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

BI Rev 18:2 ©

OET (OET-RV) He called out in a loud voice, saying, “The mighty Babylon has fallen and become a place for demons to live, and a prison for evil spirits and for every kind of scavenging and detestable bird.[fn]


18:2 There’s some manuscript variations here, and so some translations also mention wild animals.

OET-LVAnd he_cried_out with a_mighty voice saying:
Fell, fell Babulōn/(Bāⱱel?
) the great.
And it_became a_dwelling_place of_demons, and a_prison of_every spirit unclean, and a_prison of_every bird unclean, and having_been_hated.

SR-GNTΚαὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων, “Ἔπεσεν, ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν μεγάλη! Καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου. 
   (Kai ekraxen en isⱪura fōnaʸ legōn, “Epesen, epesen Babulōn haʸ megalaʸ! Kai egeneto katoikaʸtaʸrion daimoniōn, kai fulakaʸ pantos pneumatos akathartou, kai fulakaʸ pantos orneou akathartou, kai memisaʸmenou.)

Key: yellow:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT And he cried out in a mighty voice, saying,
 ⇔  “Babylon the Great has fallen!
⇔  And she has become a habitation of demons
 ⇔  and a hold of every unclean spirit
⇔  and a hold of every unclean and detested bird.[fn]


Some manuscripts read Fallen, fallen.

UST The angel shouted very loudly, “God is about to destroy the evil city of Babylon completely. People will no longer live in the ruins of the city. All kinds of evil spirits will live there. All kinds of disgusting scavenger birds will also live there.


BSB And he cried out in a mighty voice:
 ⇔ “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great![fn]
⇔ She has become a lair for demons
 ⇔ and a haunt for every unclean spirit,
⇔ every unclean bird,
⇔ and every detestable beast.[fn]


18:2 See Isaiah 21:9 and Revelation 14:8.

18:2 NE, WH, BYZ, and TR a haunt for every unclean spirit and every unclean and detestable bird.

BLB And he cried out in a mighty voice, saying: "Fallen, Fallen is Babylon the great! And she has become a habitation of demons, and a prison of every unclean spirit, and a prison of every unclean bird, and a prison of every unclean creature also having been hated.

AICNT And he cried out with a {loud}[fn] voice, saying, “Fallen, [fallen][fn] is Babylon the great, and it has become a dwelling place of demons and a prison of every unclean [[and detestable]][fn] spirit, [and a prison of every unclean and hated bird,][fn] [and a prison of every unclean and hated beast],[fn]


18:2, loud: Later manuscripts read “mighty.” TR

18:2, fallen: The second occurrence is absent from some manuscripts. ℵ(01)

18:2, and detestable: Absent from A(02).

18:2, and a prison of every unclean and hated bird: Absent from some manuscripts. A(02)

18:2, and a prison of every unclean and hated beast: A(02) NA28[ ] (-and hated) SBLGNT ‖ Absent from some manuscripts. ℵ(01) C(04) BYZ TR THGNT

OEB With a mighty voice he cried – ‘She has fallen! She has fallen – Babylon the Great! She has become an abode of demons, a stronghold of every wicked spirit, a stronghold of every foul and hateful bird.

WEB He cried with a mighty voice, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, and she has become a habitation of demons, a prison of every unclean spirit, and a prison of every unclean and hated bird!

NET He shouted with a powerful voice:
 ⇔ “Fallen, fallen, is Babylon the great!
 ⇔ She has become a lair for demons,
 ⇔ a haunt for every unclean spirit,
 ⇔ a haunt for every unclean bird,
 ⇔ a haunt for every unclean and detested beast.

LSV and he cried in might [with] a great voice, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! And she became a habitation of demons, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hateful bird,

FBV He shouted out in a powerful voice, “Babylon the great has collapsed into ruins![fn] She has become a place where demons live, the refuge of every unclean spirit, and the roost of every unclean and detestable bird.


18:2 See Isaiah 21:9.

TCNT He cried out [fn]with a mighty voice,
 ⇔ “[fn]Fallen is Babylon the great!
 ⇔ She has become a dwelling place for demons,
 ⇔ a haunt for every unclean [fn]spirit,
 ⇔ and a haunt for every unclean and hated bird.


18:2 with a mighty ¦ mightily with a loud TR

18:2 Fallen ¦ Fallen, fallen, Αν ANT BYZ CT PCK TR

18:2 spirit, and a haunt for every unclean and hated bird. ¦ spirit, a haunt for every unclean bird, and a haunt for every unclean and hated beast. NA SBL ¦ and hated spirit. Αν

T4T He shouted with a very loud voice, “God is about to completely destroy [DOU] all the very evil cities (OR, the very evil city) that Babylon represents. As a result, all kinds of evil spirits [DOU] will live there, and all kinds of foul and detestable [DOU] birds will live there.

LEB• And he cried out with a powerful voice, saying,“Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, •  and it has become a dwelling place of demons •  and a haunt of every unclean spirit •  and a haunt of every unclean bird •  and a haunt of every unclean and detested animal.

BBE And he gave a loud cry, saying, Babylon the great has come down from her high place, she has come to destruction and has become a place of evil spirits, and of every unclean spirit, and a hole for every unclean and hated bird.

MOFNo MOF REV book available

ASV And he cried with a mighty voice, saying, Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, and is become a habitation of demons, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hateful bird.

DRA And he cried out with a strong voice, saying: Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen; and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every unclean spirit, and the hold of every unclean and hateful bird:

YLT and he did cry in might — a great voice, saying, 'Fall, fall did Babylon the great, and she became a habitation of demons, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hateful bird,

DBY And he cried with a strong voice, saying, Great Babylon has fallen, has fallen, and has become the habitation of demons, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hated bird;

RV And he cried with a mighty voice, saying, Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, and is become a habitation of devils, and a hold of every unclean spirit, and a hold of every unclean and hateful bird.

WBS And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of demons, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird.

KJB And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird.

BB And he cryed myghtyly with a strong voyce, saying: Great Babylon is fallen is fallen, and is become the habitation of deuyls, and the holde of all foule spirites, and a cage of all vncleane and hatefull byrdes:
  (And he cried mightyly with a strong voice, saying: Great Babylon is fallen is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of all fowl/bird(s) spirits, and a cage of all unclean and hatefull byrdes:)

GNV And he cryed out mightily with a loud voyce, saying, It is fallen, it is fallen, Babylon that great citie, and is become the habitation of deuils, and the holde of all foule spirits, and a cage of euery vncleane and hatefull birde.
  (And he cried out mightily with a loud voice, saying, It is fallen, it is fallen, Babylon that great city, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of all fowl/bird(s) spirits, and a cage of every unclean and hatefull birde. )

CB And he cryed mightely with a stronge voyce, sayenge: She is fallen, she is fallen, euen greate Babilon, and is become the habitacion of deuels, and ye holde of all fowle spretes, and a cage of all vncleane and hatefull byrdes:
  (And he cried mightely with a stronge voice, sayenge: She is fallen, she is fallen, even great Babilon, and is become the habitacion of devils, and ye/you_all hold of all fowle spirits, and a cage of all unclean and hatefull byrdes:)

TNT And he cryed myghtyly with a stronge voyce sayinge: Great Babilon is fallen ys fallen and ys become the habitation of devels and the holde of all fowle sprettes and a cage of all vnclene and hatefull byrdes
  (And he cried mightyly with a stronge voice saying: Great Babilon is fallen is fallen and is become the habitation of devels and the hold of all fowle sprettes and a cage of all unclean and hatefull byrdes )

WYC `And he criede with strong vois, `and seide, Greet Babiloyn felde doun, felde doun, and is maad the habitacioun of deuelis, and the keping of ech vnclene spirit, and `the keping of ech vnclene foul, and hateful.
  (`And he cried with strong voice, `and said, Greet Babiloyn field down, field down, and is made the habitacioun of devils, and the keping of each unclean spirit, and `the keping of each unclean foul, and hateful.)

LUT Und schrie aus Macht mit großer Stimme und sprach: Sie ist gefallen, sie ist gefallen, Babylon, die große, und eine Behausung der Teufel worden und ein Behältnis aller unreinen Geister und ein Behältnis aller unreinen und feindseligen Vögel.
  (And schrie out of Macht with großer Stimme and spoke: They/She is gefallen, they/she/them is gefallen, Babylon, the große, and one Behausung the Teufel worden and a Behältnis aller uncleanen spiriter and a Behältnis aller uncleanen and feindseligen Vögel.)

CLV Et exclamavit in fortitudine, dicens: Cecidit, cecidit Babylon magna: et facta est habitatio dæmoniorum, et custodia omnis spiritus immundi, et custodia omnis volucris immundæ, et odibilis:[fn]
  (And exclamavit in fortitudine, dicens: Cecidit, cecidit Babylon magna: and facts it_is habitatio dæmoniorum, and custodia everyone spiritus immundi, and custodia everyone volucris immundæ, and odibilis:)


18.2 Cecidit, cecidit. Bis pro duplici damnatione animæ et corporis, vel quia æternaliter punietur. Custodia omnis spiritus immundi. Dæmones in pravis cordibus pro carnis illecebris sunt immundi, per mentis elationem volucres, vel quia per hunc ærem discurrunt.


18.2 Cecidit, cecidit. Bis pro duplici damnatione animæ and corporis, or because æternaliter punietur. Custodia everyone spiritus immundi. Dæmones in pravis cordibus pro carnis illecebris are immundi, per mentis elationem volucres, or because per this_one ærem discurrunt.

UGNT καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων, ἔπεσεν, Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη! καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου;
  (kai ekraxen en isⱪura fōnaʸ legōn, epesen, Babulōn haʸ megalaʸ! kai egeneto katoikaʸtaʸrion daimoniōn, kai fulakaʸ pantos pneumatos akathartou, kai fulakaʸ pantos orneou akathartou, kai memisaʸmenou?)

SBL-GNT καὶ ἔκραξεν ⸀ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων· Ἔπεσεν, ⸀ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη, καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον ⸀δαιμονίων καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου ⸂καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς θηρίου ἀκαθάρτου⸃ καὶ μεμισημένου,
  (kai ekraxen ⸀en isⱪura fōnaʸ legōn; Epesen, ⸀epesen Babulōn haʸ megalaʸ, kai egeneto katoikaʸtaʸrion ⸀daimoniōn kai fulakaʸ pantos pneumatos akathartou kai fulakaʸ pantos orneou akathartou ⸂kai fulakaʸ pantos thaʸriou akathartou⸃ kai memisaʸmenou, )

TC-GNT Καὶ ἔκραξεν [fn]ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ, λέγων,
 ⇔ [fn]Ἔπεσε Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη,
 ⇔ καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον [fn]δαιμόνων,
 ⇔ καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου,
 ⇔ καὶ [fn]φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου.
  (Kai ekraxen isⱪura fōnaʸ, legōn,
 ⇔ Epese Babulōn haʸ megalaʸ,
 ⇔ kai egeneto katoikaʸtaʸrion daimonōn,
 ⇔ kai fulakaʸ pantos pneumatos akathartou,
 ⇔ kai fulakaʸ pantos orneou akathartou kai memisaʸmenou.)


18:2 ισχυρα φωνη ¦ εν ισχυρα φωνη ANT BYZ CT PCK ¦ εν ισχυι φωνη μεγαλη TR

18:2 επεσε ¦ επεσεν επεσε Αν ANT BYZ CT PCK TR

18:2 δαιμονων 92.3% ¦ δαιμονιων ANT CT 6.5%

18:2 φυλακη παντος ορνεου ακαθαρτου και μεμισημενου ¦ φυλακη παντος ορνεου ακαθαρτου και φυλακη παντος θηριου ακαθαρτου και μεμισημενου NA SBL ¦ μεμισημενου Αν

Key for above GNTs: red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).


TSNTyndale Study Notes:

18:2 Babylon is fallen: See Isa 21:9. Once a beautifully dressed woman (see Rev 17:4), Babylon (Rome) became a desolate den for demons and unclean birds such as vultures (cp. Isa 13:20-22; Jer 4:23-31; 50:39).


UTNuW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἔπεσεν, Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη

fell (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων ἔπεσεν ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου)

See how you translated the similar expression in 14:8. Alternate translation: “Babylon the Great has been destroyed” or “God has destroyed Babylon the Great”

Note 2 topic: translate-textvariants

ἔπεσεν, Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη

fell (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ ἔκραξεν ἐν ἰσχυρᾷ φωνῇ λέγων ἔπεσεν ἔπεσεν Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη καὶ ἐγένετο κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου καὶ μεμισημένου)

Some ancient manuscripts read, Babylon the Great has fallen. ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the Great.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT.

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

ἐγένετο

˱it˲_became

As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the pronoun she refers to the city of Babylon. People in this culture conventionally referred to cities with feminine pronouns. Your language may use a different gender. You could also use a noun. Alternate translation: “it has become” or “that city has become”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

κατοικητήριον δαιμονίων, καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου

/a/_dwelling_place ˱of˲_demons and /a/_prison ˱of˲_every spirit unclean

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. The angel is speaking in a Hebrew style of poetry, and Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition. It would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if such repetition would not be natural in your language, you could connect the phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “an abode of demons, yes, a hold of every unclean spirit”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου , καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου

/a/_prison ˱of˲_every spirit unclean and /a/_prison ˱of˲_every bird unclean and /having_been/_hated

The angel says every here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “she has become overrun with unclean spirits and with unclean and detested birds”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

φυλακὴ παντὸς πνεύματος ἀκαθάρτου , καὶ φυλακὴ παντὸς ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου

/a/_prison ˱of˲_every spirit unclean and /a/_prison ˱of˲_every bird unclean and /having_been/_hated

The angel is speaking as if these spirits and birds were literally in a hold, that is, a prison or other place where they were watched or guarded and could not leave. He means that the spirits and birds are now able to linger in the ruins of Babylon. Your language may have terms for places where animals and birds stay. Alternate translation: “a den of every unclean spirit and a roost of every unclean and detested bird”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου

bird unclean and /having_been/_hated

The terms unclean and detested mean similar things. The angel is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “loathsome bird”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὀρνέου ἀκαθάρτου, καὶ μεμισημένου

bird unclean and /having_been/_hated

The angel assumes that his listeners will understand that these birds are unclean and detested according to the law of Moses because they eat dead animals. You can say that explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “unclean and detested bird that eats dead animals” or “loathsome bird that eats dead animals”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

μεμισημένου

/having_been/_hated

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “detestable”

BI Rev 18:2 ©