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31 At the end of June in the eleventh year since King Yoyakin (Jehoiachin) had been taken captive,[fn] Yahweh gave me a message: 2 “Humanity’s child, ask the Egyptian king Far-oh (Pharaoh) and his multitudes around him, ‘Who else is as powerful as you and your people? 3 Listen, Assyria was like a cedar in Lebanon with beautiful branches, giving shade to the forest—extremely tall, and the branches formed its treetop. 4 A deep water supply made it grow tall. Rivers flowed all around its area, because their channels stretched out to all the trees in the countryside. 5 It grew taller than any of the other trees in the countryside, and its branches grew long and thick because of having plenty of water in its shoots. 6 Every kind of bird nested in its branches, while every living thing in the countryside gave birth to its young under the foliage of that tree. All the powerful nations lived under its shade. 7 It was beautiful in its greatness and due to the length of its branches, because its roots had access to many water sources. 8 Cedar trees in God’s garden couldn’t equal it. None of the cypress trees matched its branches, nor could its branches be equalled by the plane tree. There was no other tree in God’s garden that could compare to its beauty.[ref] 9 I made it beautiful with its many branches, and all the trees in God’s garden in Eden envied it.
10 Therefore the master Yahweh says this: Because it was so tall, and it set its treetop between its branches, and because it grew proud of its height, 11 I handed it over to a powerful nation to deal with it according to what its wickedness deserves. I’ve thrown it out, 12 and foreigners who were the terror of all the nations cut it off and left it to die. Its branches fell onto the mountains and all the valleys, and lay broken in all the land’s ravines. Then all the nations on earth came out from under its shade and went away from it. 13 All the various kinds of birds rested on the trunk of the fallen tree, and every kind of animal in the countryside came to its branches. 14 That happened so that no other trees that grow by the waters will raise up their foliage to the height of the tallest trees, and that no other trees that grow beside the waters will reach up to that height. They’ve all been assigned to death, to the earth below, among humanity’s children, with those that go down into the pit.
15 The master Yahweh says this: On the day when the cedar went down to the place of the dead, I brought mourning to the earth. I covered the deep waters over it, and I held back the oceans. I held back the great waters, and I brought mourning to Lebanon for it. So all the trees in the countryside mourned because of it. 16 I brought shuddering to the nations at the sound of its downfall, when I threw it down to the place of the dead, along with those who went down into the pit. So I comforted all the trees from Eden in the lowest parts of the earth. Those had been the choicest and best trees from Lebanon—the trees that drank the waters. 17 They also went down with the big tree to the place of the dead, to the ones who’d been killed by the sword. Those were its strong arm—those nations who’d lived in its shade.
18 Egypt, which of the trees in Eden was your equal in glory and greatness? You’ll be brought down with Eden’s trees to the lowest parts of the earth among the uncircumcised. You’ll live there with those who were killed by the sword.’
That’s the fate of Far-oh (Pharaoh) and all his multitudes. That’s the master Yahweh’s declaration.”
31:1 587 B.C.
31 and_he/it_was in_one_plus ten year in_month on_day_one of_month the_message_of it_came of_YHWH to_me to_say.
2 Oh_son_of humankind say to Parˊoh the_king_of Miʦrayim/(Egypt) and_near/to multitude_of_his (to) whom are_you_like in_greatness_of_your.
3 THERE ʼAshshūr was_a_cedar in_Ləⱱānōn beautiful_of branch[es] and_a_forest which_gave_shade and_tall_of height and_between branches it_was treetop_of_its.
4 Waters they_made_it_grow the_deep it_raised_it_up DOM rivers_of_its was_going around_of place_of_its_planting and_DOM channels_of_its it_sent_out to all_of the_trees_of the_field.
5 Therefore yes/correct/thus/so height_of_its it_was_tall from_all the_trees_of the_field boughs_of_its and_they_became_great branches_of_its and_they_became_long[fn] from_waters many when_it_sent_out.
6 In_boughs_of_its every_of they_made_nests (the)_bird_of the_heavens and_under branches_of_its every_of they_gave_birth (the)_animal_of the_field and_in_shade_of_its all_of they_dwelt nations great.
7 And_it_was_beautiful in_greatness_of_its in_the_length_of its_branches_of_his if/because root_of_its it_was to waters many.
8 Cedars not they_eclipsed_it in_the_garden_of god fir_trees not they_were_like (to) boughs_of_its and_plane_trees not they_were like_branches_of_its every_of tree in_the_garden_of god not it_was_like to_him/it in_beauty_of_its.
9 Beautiful I_made_it in_the_abundance_of its_branches_of_his and_they_envied_it all_of the_trees_of ˊĒden which were_in_the_garden_of the_ʼElohīm.
10 for_so/thus/hence thus my_master he_says YHWH because that you_were_tall in_height and_he/it_gave treetop_of_its to between branches and_it_was_lifted_up heart_of_its in_height_of_its.
11 And_I_will_give_it in_the_hand_of a_leader_of nations certainly_(do) he_will_do to_him/it according_to_of_its_wickedness I_drove_it_out.
12 And_they_cut_it_down strangers ruthless_ones_of nations and_they_abandoned_it to the_mountains and_on/over_all the_valleys branches_of_its they_fell branches_of_its and_they_were_broken in_all_of the_ravines_of the_earth/land and_they_went_down from_shade_of_its all_of the_peoples_of the_earth/land and_they_abandoned_it.
13 On trunk_of_its_fallen every_of they_dwelt (the)_bird_of the_heavens and_near/to branches_of_its every_of they_were (the)_animal_of the_field.
14 So_that that not they_may_be_lifted_up in_height_of_their any_of trees_of water and_not they_may_set DOM treetop_of_their to between branches and_not they_may_stand oaks_of_their by_height_of_their any_of drinkers_of water if/because of_them_of_all they_have_been_given to_death to the_earth lowest in_the_middle the_children_of humankind to those_who_have_gone_down_of the_pit.
15 thus my_master he_says YHWH in/on_day it_went_down Shəʼōl_to I_caused_mourning I_covered on/upon/above_him/it DOM the_deep and_I_withheld rivers_of_its and_ waters _they_were_restrained many and_I_made_mourn on/upon/above_him/it Ləⱱānōn and_all the_trees_of the_field on/upon/above_him/it were_wilted.
16 From_the_sound_of its_downfall_of_his I_caused_to_tremble nations when_I_brought_down DOM_him/it Shəʼōl_to with those_who_go_down_of the_pit and_they_were_comforted in_land lowest all_of the_trees_of ˊĒden the_choicest_of and_good of_Ləⱱānōn all_of drinkers_of water.
17 Also they with_him/it they_went_down Shəʼōl_to to those_slain_of a_sword and_arm_of_its which_they_dwelt in_shade_of_its in_the_middle the_nations.
18 (to) whom are_you_like thus in_splendour and_in_greatness among_the_trees_of ˊĒden and_you_will_be_brought_down[fn] with the_trees_of ˊĒden to the_earth lowest in_the_middle uncircumcised_men you_will_lie with those_slain_of a_sword that is_Parˊoh and_all multitude_of_his[fn] the_utterance_of my_master YHWH.
31:5 OSHB variant note: פארת/ו: (x-qere) ’פֹארֹתָ֛י/ו’: lemma_6288 a n_0.0.0 morph_HNcfpc/Sp3ms id_26u4x פֹארֹתָ֛י/ו
31:18 OSHB note: We read one or more accents in L differently than BHS. Often this notation indicates a typographical error in BHS.
31:18 OSHB note: We have abandoned or added a ketib/qere relative to BHS. In doing this we agree with L against BHS.
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