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The Sabbath Year
25 Then[fn] Yahweh spoke to Moses onMount Sinai,[fn] saying, 2 “Speak to the Israelites,[fn] and say to them, ‘When you[fn] come into the land that Iam about to give to you,[fn] then[fn] the land shall observe a Sabbath for Yahweh. 3 Six years you[fn] shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard, and you shall gather its yield. 4 But[fn] in the seventh year it shall bea Sabbath of complete rest[fn] for the land—a Sabbath for Yahweh; you[fn] must not sow your field, and you must not prune your vineyard. 5 You[fn] must not reap your harvest’s aftergrowth, and you must not harvest the grapes of your unpruned vines—it shall bea year of complete rest[fn] for the land. 6 And a Sabbath of the land shall be for food for you:[fn] for you[fn] and for your slave and for your slave woman and for your hired worker and for your temporary residents[fn] who are dwelling as aliens with you; 7 and all its yield shall be for your[fn] domestic animal and for the wild animal, whichare in your land to eat.
The Year of Jubilee
8 “ ‘And you[fn] shall count for yourself seven Sabbaths of years, seven times seven years, and they shall be for youtime periods of[fn] years:forty-nine[fn] years. 9 And you[fn] shall causea loud horn blast[fn] to be heard on the seventh month on the tenth of the month; on the Day of Atonement you[fn] shall cause a ram’s horn to be heard in all your[fn] land. 10 And you[fn] shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and you shall proclaim a release in the land for all its inhabitants. Itis a Jubilee; it shall be for you, and you shall return. You must return—everyone to his property and everyone to his clan.[fn] 11 You[fn] shall have the fiftieth year as a Jubilee;[fn] you must not reap its aftergrowth, and you must not harvest its unpruned vines. 12 Because it is a Jubilee, it shall be holy to you. You must eat its[fn] produce from the field.
13 “ ‘In this Year of Jubilee each of you[fn] shall return[fn] to his property. 14 And when you[fn] sell something to your[fn] fellow citizen oryou buy from your[fn] neighbor’s hand, you[fn] must not oppressone another.[fn] 15 You[fn] must buy from your fellow citizen according tothe number of years after the Jubilee; he must sell to you according to the number of years of yield. 16 You[fn] must increase its priceaccording to a greater number of years,[fn] but[fn] you must decrease its priceaccording to a lesser number of years,[fn] because he is sellingits yields to you. 17 And you[fn] must not oppressone another,[fn] but[fn] you[fn] shall revere your God, because Iam Yahweh, your[fn] God.
18 “ ‘And you[fn] shall do my statutes, and you must keep my regulations, and you shall do them, so that[fn] you shall livesecurely[fn] on the land. 19 And the land shall give its fruit, and you[fn] shall eatyour fill,[fn] and you shall livesecurely[fn] on it. 20 And if you[fn] should say, “What shall we eat in the seventh year,if[fn] we do not sow and we do not gather its yield?” 21 then[fn] I will command my blessing for you[fn] in the sixth year, so that[fn] it will make[fn] the yield for three years. 22 And you[fn] will sowin the eighth year, and you shall eat from the old yield;[fn] until the ninth year, until the coming of its yield, you shall eatthe old yield.
23 “ ‘But[fn] the land must not be sold in[fn] perpetuity, because the landis mine, because you[fn]are aliens and temporary residents with me. 24 And in all your[fn] property’s land you[fn] must provide redemption for the land.
25 “ ‘When your[fn] brother becomes poor and he sells part of his property, then[fn]his nearest redeemer[fn] shall come, and he shall redeem the thing sold by his brother. 26 But[fn] if[fn] a mandoes not have[fn] a redeemer, then[fn]he prospers[fn] and he finds enough for his redemption, 27 then[fn] he shall calculate the years of its selling, and he shall refund the balance to the man to whom he soldit, and he shall return to his property. 28 But[fn] if his hand does not find enough to refund to him, then[fn]what he has sold[fn] shall be in the buyer’s hand until the Year of Jubilee; and it shall go outof the buyer’s hand[fn] in the Jubilee, and he shall return to his property.
29 “ ‘And if a man sells a residential house in a walled city,[fn] then[fn] it shall be his redemption until completinga year after his selling;[fn] its redemptionshall last[fn]a year.[fn] 30 But[fn] if it is not redeemedbefore a full year has passed,[fn] then[fn] the house thatis in the walled city[fn] shall belong to the buyer in[fn] perpetuity throughout his generations; it shall not go outof the buyer’s hand[fn] in the Jubilee. 31 However,[fn] village houses that have no surrounding wall shall be consideredopen country;[fn]there is redemption for it, and in the Jubilee it shall go out of the buyer’s hand.[fn]
32 “ ‘As for[fn] the cities of the Levites,that is, the houses in[fn] their property’s cities, it shall bea lasting redemption[fn] for the Levites. 33 And whatever anyone redeems from the Levites then[fn] must go outof the buyer’s hand[fn] in the Jubilee,including a house’s selling in his city’s property,[fn] because the houses in[fn] the cities of the Levitesare their property in the midst of the Israelites.[fn] 34 But[fn] a[fn] field of their cities’ pastureland must not be sold, becauseit is their property for all time.[fn]
35 “ ‘And if your[fn] countryman[fn] becomes poor andif he becomes dependent on you,[fn] then[fn] you shall support himlike an alien and like a temporary resident, and he shall live with you. 36 You[fn] must not take interest or[fn] usury from him, but[fn] you shall revere your God, and your countryman[fn] shall live with you. 37 You[fn] must not give your money to him with interest or[fn] give your food for[fn] profit. 38 I am Yahweh your[fn] God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt to giveyou[fn] the land of Canaan, to be as God for you.
39 “ ‘And if your[fn] countryman[fn]who is with you becomes poor, and he is sold to you, you shall not treat him as a slave.[fn] 40 He shall be with you like a hired worker, like a temporary resident; he shall work with you until the Year of Jubilee. 41 And he and his sons with him shall go out from you, and he shall return to his clan, and to the property of his ancestors[fn] he shall return. 42 Because they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt, they shall not be sold as a slave.[fn] 43 You[fn] shall not rule over him with ruthlessness, but[fn] you shall revere your God.
44 “ ‘As for[fn] your[fn] slave and your[fn] slave woman who are[fn] yours,[fn] from the nations thatare all around you,[fn] from them you[fn] may buy a slave or[fn] a slave woman. 45 And you[fn] may buy also from the children[fn] of the temporary residents who are dwelling with you as aliens and from their clan who are with you, who have children in your land; indeed,[fn] they may be as property for you. 46 And you[fn] may pass them on as an inheritance to your[fn] sons[fn] after you[fn] to take possession of as propertyfor all time[fn]—you[fn] may let them work. But[fn]as for your[fn] countrymen,[fn] theIsraelites,[fn] you[fn] shall not rule with ruthlessness overone another.[fn]
47 “ ‘And if the alien or[fn]the temporary resident who are with you[fn]prosper,[fn] but[fn] your countryman[fn]who is with him becomes poor and he is sold to an alien, a temporary resident who is with you, or to a descendant of an alien’s clan, 48 after he is sold redemption shall be for him; one of his brothers may redeem him, 49 or his uncle or his uncle’s son may redeem him, or one of[fn]his close relatives[fn] from his clan may redeem him; orif he prospers,[fn] he may redeem himself. 50 And he shall calculate with his buyer from the year of his selling himself[fn] until the Jubilee; and the value of his selling shall be according to the number of years—it shall be with him like[fn] a hired worker’s days. 51 If there are still many years, in keeping with them[fn] he shall restore his redemptionin proportion to his purchase price.[fn] 52 And if there are a few years left until the Year of Jubilee, then[fn] he shall calculate for himself; he shall restore his redemptionaccording to the number of his years.[fn] 53 He shall be with him as a yearly hired worker;[fn] he shall not rule over him with ruthlessnessin your[fn] sight.[fn] 54 And if he is not redeemed by[fn]any of these ways,[fn] then[fn] he and his sons with him shall go out in the Year of Jubilee. 55 Indeed,[fn] theIsraelites[fn]are servants for me; they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am Yahweh your[fn] God.’ ”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Literally “the mountain of Sinai”
?:? Literally “sons/children of Israel”
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Or “and”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “And”
?:? Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’ ” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Literally “a year of a rest period”
?:? Plural
?:? Singular here and through the rest of this verse
?:? Collective singular; Hebrew “temporary resident”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Literally “days of”
?:? Literally “nine and forty”
?:? Singular
?:? Literally “a ram’s horn of a blast”
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Or “each of you must return to his property and to his clan”
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Literally “a Jubilee it the year of the fiftieth year it shall be for you”
?:? That is, the field’s
?:? Plural
?:? Literally “you shall return a man” or “you shall return everyone”
?:? Plural
?:? Singular
?:? Singular
?:? Plural
?:? Literally “a man his brother”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Literally “to the mouth of many of the years”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “to the mouth of few of the years”
?:? Plural
?:? Literally “a man his citizen”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Singular
?:? Plural
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “with confidence”
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Literally “to contentment”
?:? Literally “with confidence”
?:? Plural
?:? Literally “look”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Plural
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “produce”
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? The verse divides here
?:? Or “And”
?:? Or “for”
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Singular
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “his redeemer the nearest to him”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Or “when”
?:? Literally “it is not for him”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “his hand produces”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “his thing sold”
?:? Meaning derived from context; an alternative translation could be “shall not be released” (cf. NKJV, NRSV, ESV, NJPS) or “shall not revert” (NASB, NET)
?:? Literally “a house of a dwelling of a city wall”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “a year of his selling”
?:? Literally “shall be”
?:? Literally “days”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Literally “until the fulfilling of for him/it an entire year”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “in the city that for it a wall”
?:? Hebrew “for”
?:? Meaning derived from context; an alternative translation could be “shall not be released” (cf. NKJV, NRSV, ESV, NJPS) or “shall not revert” (NASB, NET)
?:? Or “And” or “But”
?:? Literally “the field of the land”
?:? Meaning derived from context; an alternative translation could be “shall not be released” (cf. NKJV, NRSV, ESV, NJPS) or “shall not revert” (NASB, NET)
?:? Or “And”
?:? Hebrew “of”
?:? Or “a permanent redemption”; literally “redemption of eternity” or “redemption of long duration”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Meaning derived from context; an alternative translation could be “shall not be released” (cf. NKJV, NRSV, ESV, NJPS) or “shall not revert” (NASB, NET)
?:? Literally “the city of his property”
?:? Hebrew “of”
?:? Literally “sons/children of Israel”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Hebrew “the”
?:? Literally “a property of eternity it is for them” or “a property of long duration it is for them”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “brother”
?:? Literally “and his hand is shaky with you”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “brother”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “in” or “with”
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Literally “to you”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “brother”
?:? Literally “you shall not let him work the work of a slave” or “you shall not enslave him the work of a slave”
?:? Or “fathers”
?:? Literally “a selling of a slave”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “And”
?:? Singular
?:? Singular
?:? Or “may be” (permission; cf. NASU, ESV, NRSV) or “can be” (ability)
?:? Singular
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Or “and”
?:? Plural throughout this verse
?:? Or “sons”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Plural
?:? Plural
?:? Or “children”
?:? Plural
?:? Literally “to eternity” or “forever” or “for a long duration”
?:? Plural
?:? Or “And”
?:? Plural
?:? Or “brothers”
?:? Literally “sons/children of Israel”
?:? Singular
?:? Literally “a man over his brother”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Singular throughout this verse
?:? Literally “the hand produces”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Or “brother”
?:? Literally “from”
?:? Literally “the direct relative of his flesh”
?:? Literally “his hand produces”
?:? Literally “his being sold for him”
?:? Or “as”
?:? Literally “to the mouth of them”
?:? Literally “from the price of his acquisition”
?:? Or “and”
?:? Literally “according to the mouth of his years”
?:? Literally “as a hired worker of a year in a year”
?:? Singular
?:? Literally “to your eyes” or “for your eyes”
?:? Or “in”
?:? Bracketed words provided from the sense of the context
?:? Or “and”
?:? Emphatic use of כִּי, since there is no indication of direct causation to only what precedes in vv. 47–54; or “Because”
?:? Literally “sons/children of Israel”
?:? Plural
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