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2KIIntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25

Open English Translation 2KI Chapter 15

2KI 15 ©

Readers’ Version

Literal Version

15In the twenty-seventh year of King Yarave’am’s reign over Israel, Amatsyah’s son Azaryah[fn] became king of Yehudah. 2He was sixteen when he became king, and he reigned from Yerushalem for fifty-two years. (His mother’s name was Jeholyah from Yerushalem.) 3He did what Yahweh had said was correct behaviour like his father Amatsyah had done, 4although the hilltop shrines weren’t removed—the people continued to sacrifice at them and burn incense. 5Yahweh caused Azaryah to become a leper and he had to live separately from others for the rest of his life, so his son Yotam ran the palace and dealt with the people’s problems.

6Everything else that Azaryah said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Yehudah. 7Azaryah died and was buried in the ancestral tomb in the city of David, and his son Yotam replaced him as king.[ref]

15in_year twenty and_seven year of_Yārāⱱəˊām/(Jeroboam) the_king_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) ˊAzaryāh he_became_king the_son_of ʼAmaʦyāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah).
2A_son_of six- teen year[s] he_was in/on/at/with_became_king_he and_fifty and_two year[s] he_reigned in/on/at/with_Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem) and_name_of his/its_mother [was]_Yəkāləyāh/(Jecholiah) of_Yərūshālam.
3And_he/it_made the_right in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH according_to_all that he_had_done ʼAmaʦyāh his/its_father.
4Only the_high_places not they_were_removed still the_people [were]_sacrificing and_burning_incense in/on/at/with_high_places.
5And_ YHWH _struck DOM the_king and_he/it_was [one_who]_had_a_skin_disease until the_day_of death_of_his and_he/it_sat_down//remained//lived in_house_of the_separate and_Yōtām/(Jotham) the_son_of the_king [was]_over the_household [he_was]_judging DOM the_people_of the_earth/land.
6And_rest_of the_matters_of ˊAzaryāh and_all that he_did not [are]_they written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yəhūdāh.
7And_ ˊAzaryāh _slept with fathers_of_his and_buried DOM_him/it with fathers_of_his in/on/at/with_city_of Dāvid and_ Yōtām _became_king his/its_son in_place_his.

8In the thirty-eighth year of King Azaryah’s reign over Yehudah, Yarave’am’s son Zekaryah became king over Israel and ruled for six months from Shomron (Samaria). 9He did what Yahweh had said was evil, just as his ancestors had done—he didn’t avoid the kinds of behaviour that had been done by Nebat’s son Yarave’am who had caused Israel to sin. 10Then Yavesh’s son Shallum plotted to assassinate him, and he attacked him in front of the people and killed him, and he replaced him as king.

11Everything else that Zekaryah said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.

12Previously Yahweh had told King Yehu that his descendants would sit on the throne for four generations, and that had come true.[ref]

8in_year thirty and_eight year of_ˊAzaryāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh Zəkaryāh he_became_king the_son_of Yārāⱱəˊām/(Jeroboam) over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in/on/at/with_Shomrōn six months.
9And_he/it_made the_evil in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH just_as they_had_done fathers_of_his not he_turned_aside from_sins_of Yārāⱱəˊām the_son_of Neⱱaţ which he_caused_to_sin DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
10And_conspired on/upon/above_him/it Shallūm the_son_of Yāⱱēsh/(Jabesh) and_struck_down_him in_front_of people and_killed_him and_reigned in_place_his.
11And_rest_of the_matters_of Zəkaryāh see_they [are]_written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
12It [was]_the_word_of YHWH which he_had_spoken to Yēhūʼ/(Jehu) to_say descendants_of a_fourth_[generation] they_will_sit to/for_yourself(m) on the_throne_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_he/it_was thus.

13Yavesh’s son Shallum became king in the thirty-ninth year of King Azaryah’s reign over Yehudah, but he only reigned from Shomron for one month. 14Then Gadi’s son Menahem came to Shomron from Tirtsah, and he attacked Yabesh’s son Shallum there in Shomron and killed him, replacing him as king. 15Everything else that Shallum said, including his assassination plot, is written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel. 16At that time, Menahem attacked Tifsah and everyone in the city, and its borders from Tirtsah, because they wouldn’t open their gates. Then he ripped open the bellies of all the pregnant women there.

13Shallūm the_son_of Yāⱱēsh he_became_king in_year thirty and_nine year of_ˊUzziyyāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) and_reigned a_month_of days in/on/at/with_Shomrōn.
14And_ Mənaḩēm _he/it_ascended the_son_of Gādī from_Tirʦāh and_came Shomrōn and_struck_down DOM Shallūm the_son_of Yāⱱēsh in/on/at/with_Shomrōn and_killed_him and_became_king in_place_him.
15And_rest_of the_matters_of Shallūm and_conspiracy_of_his which he_conspired see_they [are]_written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
16then he_attacked Mənaḩēm DOM Tifşaḩ and_DOM all_of [those]_who in/on/at/with_it and_DOM territory_of_its from_Tirʦāh if/because not it_opened and_sacked DOM all_of the_pregnant_of_its he_ripped_open.

17In the thirty-ninth year of King Azaryah’s reign over Yehudah, Gadi’s son Menahem became king over Israel and he reigned from Shomron (Samaria) for ten years. 18He did what Yahweh had said was evil—he didn’t avoid the kinds of behaviour that had been done by Nebat’s son Yarave’am who had caused Israel to sin.

During his reign, 19King Pul (Tiglat-Pileser) of Assyria attacked Israel, and Menahem gave Pul over thirty tonnes of silver, so he would support Menahem’s reign. 20(Menahem had taxed all the wealthy families across Israelfifty silver coins per adult male.) As a result, the Assyrian king cancelled his plans to attack and returned home.

21Everything else that Menahem said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel. 22Then Menahem died and was buried, and his son Pekahyah replaced him as king.

17in_year thirty and_nine year of_ˊAzaryāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh Mənaḩēm he_became_king the_son_of Gādī over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) ten years in/on/at/with_Shomrōn.
18And_he/it_made the_evil in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH not he_turned_aside from_under the_sins_of Yārāⱱəˊām/(Jeroboam) the_son_of Neⱱaţ which he_caused_to_sin DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) all_of his/its_days.
19Pūl He_came the_king_of ʼAshshūr on the_earth/land and_ Mənaḩēm _he/it_gave to_Pūl a_thousand talent[s]_of silver to_be hand_of_his with_him/it to_strengthen the_kingdom in_his/its_hand.
20And_ Mənaḩēm _exacted DOM the_money on Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) on all_of the_mighty_[men]_of the_wealthy to_give to_king_of ʼAshshūr fifty shekels silver from_one one and_ the_king_of _withdrew of_ʼAshshūr and_not he_remained there on_the_earth.
21And_rest_of the_matters_of Mənaḩēm and_all that he_did am_not [are]_they written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
22And_ Mənaḩēm _slept with fathers_of_his and_ Pəqaḩyāh _became_king son_of_his in_place_his.

23In the fiftieth year of King Azaryah’s reign over Yehudah, Menahem’s son Pekahyah became king over Israel and reigned from Shomron (Samaria) for two years. 24He did what Yahweh had said was evil—he didn’t avoid the kinds of behaviour that had been done by Nebat’s son Yarave’am who had caused Israel to sin. 25But Pekah the son of Remalyah, Pekahyah’s third officer, plotted to assassinate him, and he attacked him in the palace in Shomron with the assistance of Argov and Aryeh and fifty Gileadites. So Pekah he killed King Pekahyah and replaced him as king. 26Everything else that Pekahyah said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Israellook at it.

23in_year fifty year of_ˊAzaryāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah) Pəqaḩyāh he_became_king the_son_of Mənaḩēm over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in/on/at/with_Shomrōn two_years.
24And_he/it_made the_evil in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH not he_turned_aside from_sins_of Yārāⱱəˊām the_son_of Neⱱaţ which he_caused_to_sin DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
25And_conspired on/upon/above_him/it Fəqaḩyāh the_son_of Rəmalyāhū captain_of_his and_attacked_him in/on/at/with_Shomrōn in/on/at/with_citadel_of the_house_of wwww[fn] with ʼArgoⱱ and_DOM the_ʼAryēh and_with_him fifty man from_(the)_sons [the]_Gilˊādites and_killed_him and_became_king in_place_his.
26And_rest_of the_matters_of Pəqaḩyāh and_all that he_did see_they [are]_written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

27In the fifty-second year of King Azaryah’s reign over Yehudah, Remalyah’s son Pekah became king over Israel and reigned from Shomron (Samaria) for twenty years. 28He did what Yahweh had said was evil—he didn’t avoid the kinds of behaviour that had been done by Nebat’s son Yarave’am who had caused Israel to sin.

29During the reign of King Pekah over Israel, Assyria’s King Tiglat-Pileser came, and he captured the cities of Iyyon, Abel-Beyt-Maakah, Yanoah, Kedesh, and Hatsor, and the regions of Gilead, Galilee, and Naftali, and he exiled their people to Assyria.

30Then Elah’s son Hoshea plotted to assassinate Remalyah’s son Pekah, and he attacked him, killing him and replacing him as king in the twentieth year of King Yotam’s reign over Yehudah. 31Everything else that Pekah said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.

27in_year fifty and_two year of_ˊAzaryāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh Fəqaḩyāh he_became_king the_son_of Rəmalyāhū over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) in/on/at/with_Shomrōn twenty year[s].
28And_he/it_made the_evil in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH not he_turned_aside from the_sins_of Yārāⱱəˊām/(Jeroboam) the_son_of Neⱱaţ which he_caused_to_sin DOM Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
29In/on/at/with_days_of Fəqaḩyāh the_king_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) Tiglath- he_came pileser the_king_of ʼAshshūr and_he/it_took DOM ˊIyyōn and_DOM Abel Bēyt Maˊₐkāh and_DOM Yānōaḩ/(Janoah) and_DOM Qedesh and_DOM Ḩāʦōr and_DOM the_Gilˊād and_DOM the_Gālīl_to all_of the_land_of Naftālī and_deported_them ʼAshshūr_to.
30And_he_conspired a_conspiracy Hōshēˊa the_son_of ʼĒlāh on Fəqaḩyāh the_son_of Rəmalyāhū and_attacked_him and_killed_him and_reigned in_place_him in_year twenty of_Yōtām/(Jotham) the_son_of ˊUzziyyāh.
31And_rest_of the_matters_of Fəqaḩyāh and_all that he_did see_they [are]_written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).

32In the second year of Remalyah’s son Pekah’s reign over Israel, Azaryah’s son Yotam began to reign over Yehudah. 33He was twenty-five when he became king, and he reigned from Yerushalem for sixteen years. (His mother’s name was Yerusha, the daughter of Tsadok.) 34He did what Yahweh had said was correct behaviour like his father Azaryah/Uzziyyah had done, 35although the hilltop shrines weren’t removed—the people continued to sacrifice at them and burn incense. Yotam built the upper gate to Yahweh’s temple.

36Everything else that Yotam said and did is written in the book of the events of the kings of Yehudah. 37In those days, Yahweh began to send Aram’s King Retsin and Remalyah’s son Pekah against Yehudah. 38Then Yotam died and was buried in their ancestral tomb in the city of his ancestor David, and his son Ahaz replaced him as king.


15:1 Azaryah was also known as Uzziyyah, especially from v13 onwards.


32in_year two of_Fəqaḩyāh the_son_of Rəmalyāhū the_king_of Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) Yōtām he_became_king the_son_of ˊUzziyyāh the_king_of Yəhūdāh/(Judah).
33A_son_of twenty and_five year[s] he_was in/on/at/with_became_king_he and_six_of teen year[s] he_reigned in/on/at/with_Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem) and_name_of his/its_mother [was]_Yərūshāʼ/(Jerusha) the_daughter_of Tsādōq/(Zadok).
34And_he/it_made the_right in/on_both_eyes_of YHWH according_to_all that he_had_done ˊUzziyyāh his/its_father he_did.
35Only the_high_places not they_were_removed still the_people [were]_sacrificing and_made_offerings in/on/at/with_high_places he he_built DOM the_gate_of the_house_of YHWH the_upper.
36And_rest_of the_matters_of Yōtām which he_did not [are]_they written on the_scroll_of the_matters_of the_days of_kings_of of_Yəhūdāh.
37In_the_days the_those YHWH he_began to_send in/on/at/with_Yəhūdāh Rəʦīn the_king_of ʼArām and_DOM Fəqaḩyāh the_son_of Rəmalyāhū.
38And_ Yōtām/(Jotham) _slept with fathers_of_his and_buried with fathers_of_his in/on/at/with_city_of Dāvid his/its_father and_ ʼĀḩāz _became_king his/its_son in_place_his.

15:25 Variant note: מלך: (x-qere) ’הַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙’: lemma_d/4428 n_1.1.0 morph_HTd/Ncmsa id_12jPZ הַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙


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Resurgence of Israel and Judah

2 Kings 14:23-29; 15:1-7; 2 Chronicles 26

The long, concurrent reigns of Jeroboam II of Israel and Uzziah (also called Azariah) of Judah marked a period of resurgence after their nations had suffered nearly sixty years of decline and unrest. By the time both kings ascended to the throne in 793 B.C. and 792 B.C., Moab had revolted from Israel and seized land belonging to the tribe of Reuben (2 Kings 1:1; see “The Nation of Moab and the Tribe of Reuben”), and Edom and Libnah had revolted from Judah (2 Kings 8:16-24; 2 Chronicles 21:1-11; see “Edom and Libnah Revolt”). Jehu then brutally overthrew Ahab’s dynasty, but he later suffered the loss of all Gilead to the rising power of Aram (2 Kings 1:1; 3:1-27; 8:12; 10:32-33; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10; see “Aram Captures Gilead”). Soon after this, however, the Assyrian king Adad-nirari III (who may be the “savior” of 2 Kings 13:5) attacked Aram, but then he withdrew, thus creating a power vacuum to the north. Jeroboam of Israel took advantage of this opportunity and captured much of Aram, though it is unclear how firmly he held Aram or for how long. During this same time, king Uzziah of Judah captured the Red Sea port city of Elath in the far south, which belonged to Edom, and he also attacked the Arabs of Gur, who were likely located nearby. He also attacked the Meunites who lived in Seir, the formerly Edomite region south of the Judean Negev, though the Meunites themselves do not appear to have been Edomites. The Meunites are probably the same as the “Maonites” mentioned in Judges 10:12, and they also joined the Moabite alliance that attacked king Jehoshaphat of Judah (2 Chronicles 20). About a century after Uzziah’s time, during the reign of Hezekiah, some Simeonites attacked some Meunites in the Negev and seized their land (1 Chronicles 4:41-43). According to the Septuagint, the Meunites also paid Uzziah tribute (2 Chronicles 26:7-8), and Uzziah likely captured some of the Meunites and gave them as servants for the Temple of the Lord, which appears to have been a common practice in Israel since the time of Moses and Joshua (see Numbers 31:30; Joshua 9:27; Ezra 8:20). Their descendants are listed among the “Nethinim,” who served at the Temple during time of Ezra and Nehemiah (Ezra 2:50; Nehemiah 7:52). Uzziah also attacked the Philistine cities of Gath, Ashdod, and Jabneh and established other cities throughout Philistia. He built towers in Jerusalem at the Corner Gate, the Valley Gate, and the Angle as well as towers in the wilderness. He also dug many cisterns to store water for his large herds, both in the Shephelah (the foothills near Gath) and in the plain. He also had large farms and vineyards and strengthened Judah’s army. As far as moral leadership, the writer of Kings deems Jeroboam as a bad king for allowing idolatry to continue in Israel, but Uzziah is deemed as good, though he later sinned and was afflicted with leprosy for making an offering on the altar of incense.

2KI 15 ©

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