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Yna C1 C2 C3 C4

Yna 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V9 V10

OET interlinear YNA (JNA) 3:8

◄ ← YNA (JNA) 3:8 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,יִתְכַּסּוּ
    2. 530894,530895
    3. And let them cover themselves
    4. -
    5. 3680
    6. SV-C,Vti3mp
    7. and,let_them_cover_themselves
    8. S
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371147
    1. שַׂקִּים
    2. 530896
    3. sackcloth(s)
    4. -
    5. 8242
    6. O-Ncmpa
    7. sackcloth(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371148
    1. הָ,אָדָם
    2. 530897,530898
    3. the humankind
    4. -
    5. 120
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=humankind
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371149
    1. וְ,הַ,בְּהֵמָה
    2. 530899,530900,530901
    3. and the livestock
    4. livestock
    5. 929
    6. S-C,Td,Ncfsa
    7. and,the,livestock
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371150
    1. וְ,יִקְרְאוּ
    2. 530902,530903
    3. and let them call out
    4. -
    5. 7121
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    7. and,let_them_call_out
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371151
    1. אֶל
    2. 530904
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 413
    6. S-R
    7. to
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371152
    2. 530905
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 371153
    1. אֱלֹהִים
    2. 530906
    3. god
    4. God
    5. 430
    6. S-Ncmpa
    7. God
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371154
    1. בְּ,חָזְקָה
    2. 530907,530908
    3. with force
    4. -
    5. 2394
    6. S-R,Ncfsa
    7. with,force
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371155
    1. וְ,יָשֻׁבוּ
    2. 530909,530910
    3. and let them turn back
    4. turn
    5. 7725
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    7. and,let_them_turn_back
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371156
    1. אִישׁ
    2. 530911
    3. everyone
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. everyone
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371157
    1. מִ,דַּרְכּ,וֹ
    2. 530912,530913,530914
    3. from way of his
    4. -
    5. 1870
    6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    7. from,way_of,his
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371158
    1. הָ,רָעָה
    2. 530915,530916
    3. (the) evil
    4. evil
    6. S-Td,Aafsa
    7. (the),evil
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371159
    1. וּ,מִן
    2. 530917,530918
    3. and from
    4. -
    6. S-C,R
    7. and=from
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371160
    2. 530919
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 371161
    1. הֶ,חָמָס
    2. 530920,530921
    3. the violence
    4. violent
    5. 2555
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the,violence
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371162
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 530922
    3. which
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371163
    1. בְּ,כַפֵּי,הֶֽם
    2. 530923,530924,530925
    3. +is in palms of their
    4. their
    5. 3709
    6. P-R,Ncfdc,Sp3mp
    7. [is]_in,palms_of,their
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371164
    2. 530926
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 371165

OET (OET-LV) And_let_them_cover_themselves sackcloth(s) the_humankind and_the_livestock and_let_them_call_out to god with_force and_let_them_turn_back everyone from_way_of_his (the)_evil and_from the_violence which is_in_palms_of_their.

OET (OET-RV) Both people and livestock should just wear sacks, and they should use their strength to cry out to God and they should turn away from the evil and violent things they have been doing.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–10: The LORD again told Jonah to go to Nineveh and this time he obeyed

This section records how Jonah finally obeyed the LORD and went to Nineveh to preach to the people there. Then the people of Nineveh repented of their sinful ways and the LORD did not destroy them. An alternative title for this section could be: “The people of Nineveh repent.”

3:8a

Furthermore, let both man and beast be covered with sackcloth,

Furthermore, let both man and beast be covered with sackcloth: Here again, the Hebrew word translated man is ʾaḏam and means a human being. Also, as mentioned in 3:7c, the Hebrew word behemah translated beast is a general term and refers to any domestic animal.

covered with sackcloth: In the Hebrew text, the same verb is used for people and animals covered with sackcloth. In your language, you may need to use two different verbs. For example:

“let the people wear sackcloth and the animals be covered in sackcloth.”

The king hoped that by including the animals in the fasting, and having them also covered in sackcloth, that God would no longer be angry with the people.

3:8b

and have everyone call out earnestly to God.

and have everyone call out earnestly to God: The king also commanded the people to pray to God for mercy.

The Hebrew text here is literally “let them call upon God.” Take care that you do not use a pronoun here and in 3:8c which gives the impression that the king was ordering the animals to pray or turn from their evil behavior! The BSB has solved this problem by using the word everyone, which can only apply to people.

3:8c

Let each one turn from his evil ways and from the violence in his hands.

Let each one turn from his evil ways and from the violence in his hands: The king also ordered them to stop behaving in a wicked and violent way.

his evil ways: Literally, “their evil path,” that is, “their evil behavior.”

the violence in his hands: The Hebrew word translated the violence in his hands is not limited to physical injury but includes any wrong done to someone else. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

stop doing harm (NCV)

stop being…cruel (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠הַ⁠בְּהֵמָ֔ה

and,the,livestock

The implication is that these are the people’s domestic animals. They are not wild animals. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [and every animal that they own]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠יִקְרְא֥וּ אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּ⁠חָזְקָ֑ה

and,let_them_call_out to/towards ʼElohīm with,force

The writer assumes that his readers will understand what the people were to pray for. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [and they must cry out loudly to God and ask for mercy] or [and they must pray earnestly to God that he would be merciful to them]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

וְ⁠יִקְרְא֥וּ

and,let_them_call_out

The pronoun they probably refers to the people, not to the animals. If this is not clear for your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: [and the people must cry out]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

הֶ⁠חָמָ֖ס אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠כַפֵּי⁠הֶֽם

the,violence which/who [is]_in,palms_of,their

Here, hands represents “doing.” This refers to the violence that the people of Nineveh were doing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the violent things that they have done]

Note 5 topic: writing-pronouns

אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠כַפֵּי⁠הֶֽם

which/who [is]_in,palms_of,their

The plural pronoun their refers to each man who has been doing evil. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a singular pronoun here so that it agrees with the singular each man. Alternate translation: [that is in his hands] or [that he has done]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

3:7-8 By extending the fast and the mourning rituals to animals, the king communicated that this dire emergency required all normal operations to cease so that everyone might pray earnestly and repent of their evil ways. The violence that had come to permeate their society topped the list.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And let them cover themselves
    2. -
    3. 1987,3635
    5. 530894,530895
    6. SV-C,Vti3mp
    8. S
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371147
    1. sackcloth(s)
    2. -
    3. 8067
    5. 530896
    6. O-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371148
    1. the humankind
    2. -
    3. 1893,638
    5. 530897,530898
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371149
    1. and the livestock
    2. livestock
    3. 1987,1893,866
    5. 530899,530900,530901
    6. S-C,Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371150
    1. and let them call out
    2. -
    3. 1987,6994
    5. 530902,530903
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371151
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 369
    5. 530904
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371152
    1. god
    2. God
    3. 38
    5. 530906
    6. S-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Person=God; Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371154
    1. with force
    2. -
    3. 846,2729
    5. 530907,530908
    6. S-R,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371155
    1. and let them turn back
    2. turn
    3. 1987,7951
    5. 530909,530910
    6. SV-C,Vqi3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371156
    1. everyone
    2. -
    3. 266
    5. 530911
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371157
    1. from way of his
    2. -
    3. 4129,1685,1978
    5. 530912,530913,530914
    6. S-R,Ncbsc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371158
    1. (the) evil
    2. evil
    3. 1893,7217
    5. 530915,530916
    6. S-Td,Aafsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371159
    1. and from
    2. -
    3. 1987,4129
    5. 530917,530918
    6. S-C,R
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371160
    1. the violence
    2. violent
    3. 1893,2576
    5. 530920,530921
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371162
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 530922
    6. S-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371163
    1. +is in palms of their
    2. their
    3. 846,3567,1978
    5. 530923,530924,530925
    6. P-R,Ncfdc,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-862; TProphecies_of_Jonah
    10. 371164

OET (OET-LV) And_let_them_cover_themselves sackcloth(s) the_humankind and_the_livestock and_let_them_call_out to god with_force and_let_them_turn_back everyone from_way_of_his (the)_evil and_from the_violence which is_in_palms_of_their.

OET (OET-RV) Both people and livestock should just wear sacks, and they should use their strength to cry out to God and they should turn away from the evil and violent things they have been doing.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← YNA (JNA) 3:8 ↑ → ► ║ ©