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OET interlinear LUKE 1:1

LUKE 1:1 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ἐπειδήπερ
    2. epeidēper
    3. Since
    4. -
    5. 18950
    6. C·······
    7. since
    8. since
    9. PS
    10. Y-5
    11. 37263
    1. πολλοί
    2. pollos
    3. many
    4. -
    5. 41830
    6. S····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y-5; F37266
    11. 37264
    1. ἐπεχείρησαν
    2. epiχeireō
    3. attempted
    4. attempted
    5. 20210
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. attempted
    8. attempted
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37265
    1. ἀνατάξασθαι
    2. anatassō
    3. to draw up
    4. -
    5. 3920
    6. VNAM····
    7. ˓to˒ draw_up
    8. ˓to˒ draw_up
    9. -
    10. Y-5; R37264
    11. 37266
    1. ἀναδέξασθαι
    2. anadeχomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 3240
    6. VNAM····
    7. ˓to˒ receive
    8. ˓to˒ receive
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 37267
    1. διήγησιν
    2. diēgēsis
    3. +a description
    4. -
    5. 13350
    6. N····AFS
    7. ˓a˒ description
    8. ˓a˒ description
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37268
    1. περί
    2. peri
    3. concerning
    4. -
    5. 40120
    6. P·······
    7. concerning
    8. concerning
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37269
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GNP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37270
    1. πεπληροφορημένων
    2. plēroforeō
    3. having been fully assured
    4. -
    5. 41350
    6. VPEP·GNP
    7. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    8. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    9. -
    10. Y-5; R37275
    11. 37271
    1. πεπληροφορημένον
    2. plēroforeō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 41350
    6. VPEP·ANS
    7. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    8. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 37272
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. among
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. among
    8. among
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37273
    1. ἡμῖν
    2. egō
    3. us
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1D·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37274
    1. πραγμάτων
    2. pragma
    3. matters
    4. -
    5. 42290
    6. N····GNP
    7. matters
    8. matters
    9. -
    10. Y-5; F37271
    11. 37275

OET (OET-LV) Since many attempted to_draw_up a_description concerning the matters having_been_fully_assured among us,

OET (OET-RV) Several people attempted to write an account about the events that we’re personally certain of

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 1:1–4: Luke wrote this book about Jesus for Theophilus

In these Notes, Luke 1:1–4 is both a division and a section of the book of Luke. You may want to include a section heading here. It is good to read the verses before you decide on a heading for the section.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Luke writes to Theophilus about Jesus

Luke addressed this book to Theophilus

Luke’s purpose in writing this book

Paragraph 1:1–4

Paragraph 1:1–4 in the Greek text is one long sentence. In some languages, it may be natural to use more than one sentence for this paragraph. For example, the GNT uses four sentences.

The Greek sentence in 1:1–4 talks about several events and ideas. It mentions them in an order that may not be natural in some languages. Here are the main ideas:

  1. Many people attempted to compile an account of what happened among them (that is, of Jesus’ life) (1:1a–b).

  2. They wrote what eyewitnesses told them (1:2a–c).

  3. Luke also investigated all those things carefully (1:3a).

  4. Luke thought that he also should write those things in an orderly way for Theophilus (1:3b).

  5. Luke did this so that Theophilus could know that what he was taught was accurate (1:4).

You should present these ideas in an order that is natural in your language. See the General Comments on 1:2a–c and 1:1–2 at the end of the notes on 1:2b–c for specific suggestions.

You also need to think about how to connect the clauses. For example, in English there are different ways to connect the reasons in (a)-(c) with the result in (d):

1a Since many others have written a report on the things that have happened…

3bit seemed good for me to also write a report…. (See 1:1–4 in the RSV, NASB, NJB, KJV for similar examples.)

1aMany others have written a report on the things that have happened….

3b Therefore it seemed good for me to also write a report. (See 1:1–4 in the BSB, NIV, GNT, NET, CEV, GW, and JBP for similar examples.)

You should connect the clauses in the most natural way in your language.

Luke did not address Theophilus by name until near the end of his introduction. In some languages, it may be more appropriate to begin the introduction with Theophilus’ name. See the Display for 1:1a for an example.

1:1a

Many have undertaken to compose an account of

In Greek this sentence begins with a word that means “since.” See the notes above about connecting clauses and decide the best way to connect the clauses of Luke 1:1–4 in your language. (The BSB uses the word “Therefore” in 1:3 to connect the clauses, and so it does not begin with “Since” here.).

Many: The Greek word that the BSB has translated literally as Many here means “Many people.” In this context it may also be possible to translate this as “Many authors/writers.” In the Jewish culture of New Testament times, usually only men were able to write. So it is also possible to translate this as “Many men.”

Luke himself planned to write an account of the life of Jesus as these Many people had done. So, in some languages it may be necessary to say:

Many others

undertaken: The Greek word that the BSB translates as undertaken means “attempted” or “tried.” Luke implied here that others had worked hard to write the story of Jesus’ life. He also implied that it was difficult to gather all the facts and write them down accurately and completely. However, he was not criticizing the others’ writings. He did not imply that they had failed in their attempts. Other ways to say this are:

worked hard

done their best (GNT)

to compose an account: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as to compose an account means to gather reports of different events and put them together to make one longer story. In this context the writers told about many of Jesus’ actions and teachings as they told the story of his life.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

to compose/write the story

to organize a history/narrative

to write a report (GNT)

to write about what had taken place (GW)

1:1b

the things that have been fulfilled among us,

the things that have been fulfilled: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as the things that have been fulfilled refers to the events of Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection. There are several waysAnother possible interpretation is represented by the KJV. The phrase that the BSB translates as “things that have been fulfilled among us” may mean “the things that have been fully believed among us.” The verb would refer to fullness in the sense of being fully/completely convinced. The KJV says “those things which are most surely believed among us.” One other interpretation refers to fullness in the sense of fullness of knowledge. For example, “the things that are most widely known among us.” to interpret the verb have been fulfilled in this context:

  1. It means that the events have been fulfilled. This implies that the events had been planned and predicted before they happened, and the events happened just as predicted. For example:

    the events that have been fulfilled (NRSV) (BSB, NRSV, NIV, NET, NLT, NJB)

  2. It means simply that the events have happened. For example:

    the things that happened (NCV) (NCV, GNT, GW, REB, NLT96, JBP)

  3. It means that the events have been accomplished/completed. The events were like tasks that were completed. For example:

    things which have been accomplished (RSV) (RSV, NASB, ESV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). This interpretation includes (2) and (3) as well. The events happened (2), and they were completed (3). However, interpretation (1) expresses the important idea that these events fulfilled what had been predicted. That is, God said that they would happen, and they did happen, just as he said. The fulfillment of prophecy is a theme in Luke. (See Luke 18:31.)

things that have been fulfilled: The phrase things that have been fulfilled is passive. In some languages it may be necessary to translate it as active and indicate who fulfilled the things. If that is true in your language, you should indicate that God fulfilled them. He fulfilled them by causing the events to happen just as he had said they would. He fulfilled many of these events through Jesus. He caused Jesus to be born and to die for people’s sins, and he raised Jesus from the dead.

Some other ways to translate things that have been fulfilled are:

things that happened just as God said they would

what God has done in fulfillment of his promises (NLT96 in 1:2)

things that God did through/concerning Jesus, just as he said he would do

among us: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as among us probably means “among us believers,” that is, “among us who believe in Jesus.” When Luke used this phrase, he probably included Christians who were born after Jesus’ lifetime. The form of the verb that the BSB translates as fulfilled indicates that the events continued to affect people at the time when Luke wrote. Christians of later generations were not present to see the events of Jesus’ life, but those events continued to affect them.

us: In some languages it is necessary to decide whether Luke meant to include Theophilus when he said us. It is not clear whether Theophilus was a believer at the time when Luke was writing to him. However, he was probably interested in becoming a believer (1:4).

Use a natural form in your language for a speaker to use toward someone who supports his group but perhaps is not yet a member. Remember also that Theophilus was a person of high status. Avoid using a form that would imply rejection or rudeness.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

περὶ τῶν πεπληροφορημένων ἐν ἡμῖν πραγμάτων

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐπειδήπερ πολλοί ἐπεχείρησαν ἀνατάξασθαι διήγησιν περί τῶν πεπληροφορημένων ἐν ἡμῖν πραγμάτων)

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [about those things that have happened among us]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἐν ἡμῖν

among us

Luke dedicates this book to a man named Theophilus. It is no longer known exactly who he was. But since Luke says in [1:4](../01/04.md) that he wants Theophilus to know that the things he has been taught are reliable, it appears that he was a follower of Jesus. So here the word us would include him.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

1:1 Many people have set out to write accounts: Luke was not the first to put the history of Jesus into written form. Most scholars believe that Luke used Mark’s Gospel and other written and oral sources in his writing.
• fulfilled: This word can simply mean “accomplished,” but Luke is thinking of Jesus’ fulfillment of Old Testament promises (4:21; 24:44).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Since
    2. -
    3. 18950
    4. PS
    5. epeidēper
    6. C-·······
    7. since
    8. since
    9. PS
    10. Y-5
    11. 37263
    1. many
    2. -
    3. 41830
    5. pollos
    6. S-····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y-5; F37266
    11. 37264
    1. attempted
    2. attempted
    3. 20210
    5. epiχeireō
    6. V-IAA3··P
    7. attempted
    8. attempted
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37265
    1. to draw up
    2. -
    3. 3920
    5. anatassō
    6. V-NAM····
    7. ˓to˒ draw_up
    8. ˓to˒ draw_up
    9. -
    10. Y-5; R37264
    11. 37266
    1. +a description
    2. -
    3. 13350
    5. diēgēsis
    6. N-····AFS
    7. ˓a˒ description
    8. ˓a˒ description
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37268
    1. concerning
    2. -
    3. 40120
    5. peri
    6. P-·······
    7. concerning
    8. concerning
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37269
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GNP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37270
    1. matters
    2. -
    3. 42290
    5. pragma
    6. N-····GNP
    7. matters
    8. matters
    9. -
    10. Y-5; F37271
    11. 37275
    1. having been fully assured
    2. -
    3. 41350
    5. plēroforeō
    6. V-PEP·GNP
    7. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    8. ˓having_been˒ fully_assured
    9. -
    10. Y-5; R37275
    11. 37271
    1. among
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. among
    8. among
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37273
    1. us
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1D·P
    7. us
    8. us
    9. -
    10. Y-5
    11. 37274

OET (OET-LV) Since many attempted to_draw_up a_description concerning the matters having_been_fully_assured among us,

OET (OET-RV) Several people attempted to write an account about the events that we’re personally certain of

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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LUKE 1:1 ↑ → ► ║ ©