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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
OET (OET-LV) This The testimony is true.
For/Because which cause be_rebuking them severely, in_order_that they_may_be_being_sound in the faith,
OET (OET-RV) and that’s right. For those reasons, you need to sternly tell them they’re wrong, so that they can become sound in their faith,
δι’ ἣν αἰτίαν ἔλεγχε αὐτοὺς ἀποτόμως
for which cause /be/_rebuking them severely
Alternate translation: [For that reason, you must use strong language that the Cretans will understand when you correct them]
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
δι’ ἣν αἰτίαν
for which cause
The connecting words For this reason introduce a reason-result relationship. The reason is that what the Cretan prophet said about his people is true (they are liars, evil, and lazy), and the result is that Titus should rebuke them severely for behaving that way. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: [Therefore]
Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns
αὐτοὺς
them
Here the pronoun them could refer to: (1) the Cretan believers in general. This seems likely since the testimony is about all Cretans, and verse 14 says that they should not pay attention to “commands of people turning away from the truth.” In other words, they should not pay attention to the false teachers. Alternate translation: [the Cretan believers] or (2) the Cretan false teachers. In this case, verse 14 would be telling the false teachers not to pay attention to other false teachers. Alternate translation: [the false teachers]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἵνα ὑγιαίνωσιν ἐν τῇ πίστει
in_order_that ˱they˲_/may_be/_being_sound in the faith
See note on sound in Titus 1:9. Alternate translation: [so they will have a healthy faith] or [so their faith may be true] or [so that they believe only what is true about God]
Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal
ἵνα
in_order_that
Here, so that marks being sound in the faith, as well as what follows in verse 14, as the goal or purpose of rebuking the Cretans. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
ἐν τῇ πίστει
in the faith
Here the abstract noun faith represents the things that the people believe about God. Alternate translation: [in what they believe about God]
1:13 This is true: See study note on 1:12.
• Being strong in the faith is here defined as rejecting false teachings (cp. 1:9).
OET (OET-LV) This The testimony is true.
For/Because which cause be_rebuking them severely, in_order_that they_may_be_being_sound in the faith,
OET (OET-RV) and that’s right. For those reasons, you need to sternly tell them they’re wrong, so that they can become sound in their faith,
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.