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OET by section 1SA 25:1

1SA 25:1–25:44 ©

David, Nabal, and Abigil

This is still a very early look into the unfinished text of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check the text in advance before using in public.

Readers’ Version

Literal Version 

25:1 David, Nabal, and Abigil

25Later on, Shemuel died and all the Israelis gathered and mourned for him, then they buried him at his house in Ramah.

Then David left and went to the Paran wilderness. 2Now there was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. He owned three thousand sheep and one thousand goats, and was busy shearing his sheep at Carmel. 3The man’s name was Nabal, and his wife was Abigail. The wife was wise and very good-looking, whereas the man (who was a Calebite) was harsh and cruel.

4While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal was shearing his sheep, 5so he told ten young men, “Go to Nabal at Carmel and greet him in my name. 6Then tell him, ‘Make you live long. Peace to you and your household and everything that belongs to you. 7Now I’ve heard those shearers are working for you, and your shepherds have been living with us. We haven’t harmed them or taken anything of theirs while they’ve been in Carmel. 8Ask your servants and they’ll confirm this. May these young men enjoy your favour because harvesting the wool is a prosperous time, so I request a gift for your servants and for your ‘son’, David.’ ”

9So David’s men went and passed all that onto Nabal, and then waited for his response. 10But Nabal answered them, “Why should I care about David? Yishay’s son isn’t anyone important. There’s lot of servants these days who’re on the run from their masters. 11This bread and water, and the meat that I’ve butchered, is for my shearers. Why should I give it to men when I don’t even know where they’re from?”

12David’s men left and returned to inform him what Nabal had been said. 13Then David told his men, “Strap on your swords.” So David took around four hundred men, leaving around two hundred with their gear.

14Meanwhile, Nabal’s wife Abigail had been informed by a servant, “Listen, David sent messengers from the wilderness to greet our master, but he yelled at them. 15Their men had been very good to us—we were never harmed or had anything go missing when we were in the countryside. 16They protected us both day and night for the whole time that we were tending the sheep. 17So now you should think about it and decide what you can do, because no doubt disaster is about to hit our master and all his household. He’s a terrible man who listens to no one.”

18So Abigail quickly collected two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five butchered sheep, a large basket of roasted grain, a hundred bunches of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs. She loaded it all on donkeys 19and told her servants, “Go ahead with the donkeys. I’ll come along behind you all.” But she didn’t say a word to her husband Nabal.

20As she rode down a hill and into the ravine, suddenly she encountered David and his men coming down to meet her. 21David had told them, “Well it was certainly a waste of time looking after that fellow in the wilderness, and taking such care not to take anything of his. Then all he did was to return insults for our good behaviour. 22May God preserve my enemies, if I don’t eliminate all of the older and young men in his household before the morning.

23When Abigail saw David, she quickly dismounted from the donkey and fell to her knees in front of David and bowed her face to the ground. 24She clutched his feet and said, “My master, let the guilt be on me myself. Please let your female servant explain to youplease listen to what your female servant has to say. 25My master, please don’t remain angry at that worthless man, Nabal. His name means ‘fool’ and so he is. He’s a senseless man, but my master, your female servant didn’t see the young men you sent. 26And now, my master, as Yahweh lives and as your spirit lives, it’s Yahweh who’s prevented you from spilling blood and taking his punishment into your own hands. And now may your enemies and anyone who makes plans against my master be like Nabal. 27Now let this gift that your servant has brought to my master be given to the young men who serve my master. 28Please forgive your female servant for being forward because Yahweh will certain advance my master’s reputation. My master is fighting Yahweh’s battles and all your life, you haven’t broken the law. 29Even if someone decides to chase you and try to kill you my master, your God Yahweh will keep you wrapped in his bundle of the living, whereas your enemies will be slung away like stones from a sling. 30If Yahweh does all the good things he’s promised for my master, then in time you’ll become Israel’s ruler. 31It would be good not to have someone’s unnecessary death as an obstacle for you or to be seen as my master just saving his own skin. Then Yahweh will bless my master, and you will appreciate your female servant.”

32“May Israel’s God Yahweh be blessed,” David responded. “The one who sent you to meet me today. 33And blessed be your discernment and blessed be you yourself, because you’ve prevented me from shedding blood today and from taking my own revenge. 34Yes indeed, as Yahweh lives, Israel’s God prevented me from harming you. If you hadn’t hurried here to meet me, certainly neither Nabal nor any of his older or young men would have survived to see the morning light. 35Then David accepted the gifts that she had brought for him, and said, “Go back to your house in peace. See, I’ve listened to what you said and granted your request.”

36When Abigail got home to Nabal, wow, he had put on a celebration at his house with a feast fit for a king. He was feeling very contented and was quite drunk, so she didn’t tell him anything at all until it was light in the morning. 37And so it was in the morning, when Nabal’s wine had worn off, his wife told him what she’d done. In his rage, he had a stroke and became totally paralysed 38for about then days. Then Yahweh struck Nabal and he died.

39When David heard that Nabal had died, he said, “Blessed be Yahweh, who has judged the case of Nabal’s insult and has prevented his servant from doing the wrong thing. And Yahweh has repaid Nabal for his own evil.”

Then David sent messengers to Abigail about taking her as a wife. 40His servants went to her at Carmel and told her, “David sent us to take you back to become his wife.”

41She knelt down with her face to the ground and replied, “See, your female servant is ready for washing the feet of my master’s servants like a slave woman.” 42Then Abigail and five of her servant girls quickly got ready, and she mounted the donkey. She followed the messengers to where David was and became a wife for him.

43David had also married Ahinoam from Yizre’el, so both of them became his wives. 44(Meanwhile Sha’ul had given his daughter, David’ wife Mikal, to Palti, Layish’s son from Gallim.)[ref]


25and_he/it_died Shəʼēl and_assembled all Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) and_mourned to_him/it and_buried_him in/on/at/with_home_his in/on/at/with_Rāmāh and_he/it_rose_up Dāvid and_he/it_descended to the_wilderness of_Pāʼrān.
2and_man in/on/at/with_Māˊōn and_business_whose in/on/at/with_Karmel and_the_man [was]_great very and_to/for_him/it sheep three thousand(s) and_a_thousand goats and_he/it_was in/on/at/with_shearing DOM his/its_flock_of_sheep/goats in/on/at/with_Karmel.
3And_name_of the_man [was]_Nāⱱāl and_name_of his/its_wife/woman [was]_ʼAⱱīgayil and_the_woman [was]_good of_insight and_beautiful of_form and_the_man [was]_hard and_evil of_deeds and_he mmm[fn].
4And_he/it_listened Dāvid in/on/at/with_wilderness if/because_that [was]_shearing Nāⱱāl DOM his/its_flock_of_sheep/goats.
5And_sent Dāvid ten young_men and_he/it_said Dāvid to_the_young_men go_up Karmel_to and_go to Nāⱱāl and_you_all_greet to_him/it in/on/at/with_name_my for_peace.
6And_say thus to_THE_life and_you(ms) peace and_house_your peace and_all/each/any/every that to/for_yourself(m) peace.
7And_now I_have_heard if/because_that shearers to/for_you(fs) now the_shepherds who to/for_yourself(m) they_have_been with_us not did_harm_them and_not it_has_been_missing to/for_them anything all the_days were_they in/on/at/with_Karmel.
8Ask DOM young_men_your and_tell to/for_you(fs) and_find the_young_men favour in/on/at/with_eyes_your if/because on a_day good we_have_come give please DOM [that]_which it_will_find hand_you to_servants_your and_to_son_your to_Dāvid.
9And_they_came the_young_men of_Dāvid and_said to Nāⱱāl according_to_all the_words the_these in/on_name_of of_Dāvid and_waited.
10And_answered Nāⱱāl DOM the_servants of_Dāvid and_he/it_said who [is]_Dāvid and_who [is]_the_son of_Yishay/(Jesse) the_day they_are_many servants the_breaking_away each_one from_face/in_front_of masters_their.
11And_take DOM bread_my and_DOM water_my and_DOM meat_my which I_have_slaughtered for_shearers_my and_give to_men who not I_know where from_there [are]_they.
12And_retraced the_young_men of_Dāvid on_way_their and_returned and_they_came and_told to_him/it according_to_all the_words the_these.
13And_he/it_said Dāvid to_men_his gird_on everyone DOM sword_his and_strapped_on everyone DOM sword_his and_strapped_on also Dāvid DOM sword_his and_went_up after Dāvid about_four hundred(s) man and_two_hundreds they_remained with the_vessels.
14And_to_ʼAⱱīgayil the_wife of_Nāⱱāl he_told a_young_man one of_the_young_men to_say there he_sent Dāvid messengers from_the_wilderness to_greet DOM master_our and_shouted_insults in/on/at/with_them.
15And_the_men [were]_good to/for_us very and_not we_were_humiliated and_not we_missed anything all [the]_days (of)_[which]_we_went_about with_them in/on/at/with_were_we in/on/at/with_fields.
16A_wall they_were to_us both night as_well_as by_day all the_days were_we with_them shepherding the_sheep.
17And_now know and_consider what will_you_do if/because it_has_been_determined the_evil against master_our and_against all household_his and_he [is]_a_son of_worthlessness no_speak to_him/it.
18And_hurried ʼAⱱīgayil[fn] and_she/it_took two_hundred bread[s] and_two jars of_wine and_five sheep prepared[fn][fn] and_five seahs of_roasted_grain and_a_hundred bunches_of_raisins and_two_hundreds fig_cakes and_loaded on the_donkeys.
19And_she/it_said to_young_men_her pass_on to/for_my_face/front see_I after_you_all [will_be]_coming and_to_husband_her Nāⱱāl not she_told.
20And_it_was she [was]_riding on the_donkey and_came_down in/on/at/with_ravine the_mountain and_see/lo/see Dāvid and_men_his [were]_going_down toward_meet_her and_met DOM_them.
21And_Dāvid he_had_said surely in_the_vain I_have_guarded DOM all that to_this in/on/at/with_wilderness and_not it_has_been_missing from_all that to_him/it anything and_returned to_me evil in_place_of good.
22Thus may_he_do god to_enemies Dāvid and_also may_he_add if I_will_leave from_all that to_him/it until the_morning [one_who]_urinates in/on/at/with_wall.
23And_she/it_saw ʼAⱱīgayil DOM Dāvid and_hurried and_got_off from_under the_donkey and_fell before_faces_of of_Dāvid on face_her and_bowed [the]_ground.
24And_fell at feet_his and_she/it_said in/on/at/with_me I my_master the_guilt and_speak please servant_your in/on/at/with_ears_you and_hear DOM the_words servant_your.
25Not please let_him_set my_master DOM his/its_heart to the_man the_worthless the_this on Nāⱱāl if/because as_name_his [is]_so he [is]_Nāⱱāl his/its_name and_folly with_him/it and_I servant_your not I_saw DOM the_young_men my_master whom you_sent.
26And_now my_master [by]_the_life of_YHWH and_lives soul_your that restrained_you YHWH from_shedding in/on/at/with_bloodshed and_avenging hand_your_own to/for_you(fs) and_now may_they_be like_Nāⱱāl enemies_your and_the_seek against my_master evil.
27And_now the_gift the_this which he_has_brought servant_your to_master_my and_given to_the_young_men the_ones_following in/on/at/with_feet_of my_master.
28Forgive please to_transgression your(ms)_female_slave if/because surely_(make) he_will_make YHWH for_master_my a_house enduring if/because the_battles of_YHWH my_master [is]_fighting and_evil not it_will_be_found in_you(ms) as_long_as_live_you.
29And_he/it_rose_up a_man to_pursue_you and_to_seek DOM life_your and_be the_life my_master bound_up in/on/at/with_bundle the_living with YHWH god_your and_DOM the_life enemies_your sling_out_it in_the_middle of_the_hollow the_sling.
30And_it_was if/because he_will_do YHWH for_master_my according_to_all that he_has_spoken DOM the_good concerning_you and_appointed_you as_leader over Yisrāʼēl/(Israel).
31And_not it_will_become this to/for_yourself(m) of_grief and_for_troubled of_heart for_master_my and_by_shed of_blood without_cause and_for_avenged my_master to_him/it and_dealt_well YHWH with_master_my and_remember DOM servant_your.
32and_he/it_said Dāvid to_ʼAⱱīgayil [be]_blessed YHWH the_god of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) who sent_you the_day the_this to_meet_me.
33And_blessed discernment_your and_blessed you who kept_me the_day the_this from_to_come in/on/at/with_bloodshed and_avenging hand_my_own to_me.
34And_surely [by]_the_life of_YHWH the_god of_Yisrāʼēl/(Israel) who restrained_me from_harming DOM_you if/because if_not you_had_made_haste and_come[fn] to_meet_me if/because if he_has_been_left to_Nāⱱāl until the_light the_morning [one_who]_urinates in/on/at/with_wall.
35And_he/it_took Dāvid from_hand_her DOM [that]_which she_had_brought to_him/it and_to_her he_said go_up in_peace to_house_your see I_have_listened in/on/at/with_voice_your and_granted request_your.
36And_went ʼAⱱīgayil to Nāⱱāl and_see/lo/see to_him/it a_feast in/on/at/with_house_his like_feast the_king and_heart of_Nāⱱāl it_was_good on/upon/above_him/it and_he [was]_drunk up_to muchness and_not she_told for_him/it anything small and_great until the_light the_morning.
37And_he/it_was in/on/at/with_morning in/on/at/with_gone_out the_wine of_Nāⱱāl and_told to_him/it his/its_wife/woman DOM the_things the_these and_he/it_died his/its_heart in/on/at/with_midst_of_him and_he he_became to_stone.
38And_he/it_was about_ten the_days and_struck YHWH DOM Nāⱱāl and_he/it_died.
39And_he/it_listened Dāvid if/because_that he_had_died Nāⱱāl and_he/it_said [be]_blessed YHWH who he_has_conducted DOM the_case reproach_my from_hand of_Nāⱱāl and_DOM servant_his he_has_restrained from_evil and_DOM the_evil of_Nāⱱāl he_has_turned_back YHWH in/on/at/with_head_his_own and_sent Dāvid and_he/it_spoke in/on/at/with_ʼAⱱīgayil to_take_her to_him/it to/for_(a)_woman.
40And_they_came the_servants of_Dāvid to ʼAⱱīgayil the_Karmel_at and_said to_her/it to_say Dāvid sent_us to_you to_take_you to_him/it to/for_(a)_woman.
41And_she/it_arose and_bowed_down face ground_to and_she/it_said here servant_your as_slave to_wash the_feet of_the_servants my_master.
42And_quickly and_she/it_arose ʼAⱱīgayil and_rode on the_donkey and_five maids_her the_ones_attending at_foot_of_her and_went after the_messengers of_Dāvid and_it_became to_him/it to/for_(a)_woman.
43And_DOM ʼAḩīnoˊam he_had_taken Dāvid of_Yizrəˊēʼl/(Jezreel) and_became also both_them to_him/it as_wives.
44and_Shāʼūl he_had_given DOM Mīkāl daughter_his the_wife of_Dāvid to_Falţī/(Palti) the_son of_Layish who from_Gallim.

25:3 Variant note: כ/לב/ו: (x-qere) ’כָלִבִּֽי’: lemma_3614 n_0 morph_HNgmsa id_09Cyq כָלִבִּֽי

25:18 Variant note: אבוגיל: (x-qere) ’אֲבִיגַ֡יִל’: lemma_26 n_1.1.2.1 morph_HNp id_093Gj אֲבִיגַ֡יִל

25:18 Variant note: עשוות: (x-qere) ’עֲשׂוּיֹת֙’: lemma_6213 a n_1.1.1 morph_HVqsfpa id_09wWW עֲשׂוּיֹת֙

25:18 Note: We read one or more consonants in L differently from BHS.

25:34 Variant note: ו/תבאתי: (x-qere) ’וַ/תָּבֹאת֙’: lemma_c/935 n_0.1.0 morph_HC/Vqw2fs id_09vDG וַ/תָּבֹאת֙

1SA 25:1–25:44 ©

1SAIntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31