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Mic C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

Mic 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11

OET interlinear MIC 3:12

◄ ← MIC 3:12 ↓ ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. לָ,כֵן
    2. 532219,532220
    3. For so/thus/hence
    4. -
    6. S-R,D
    7. for=so/thus/hence
    8. S
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372082
    1. בִּ,גְלַלְ,כֶם
    2. 532221,532222,532223
    3. on account of of you(pl)
    4. because you with
    5. 1558
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp2mp
    7. on,account_of,of_you(pl)
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372083
    1. צִיּוֹן
    2. 532224
    3. Tsiyyōn
    4. ≈Tsiyyon
    5. 6726
    6. S-Np
    7. Zion
    8. -
    9. Location=Zion; Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372084
    1. שָׂדֶה
    2. 532225
    3. a field
    4. field
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_field
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372085
    1. תֵחָרֵשׁ
    2. 532226
    3. it will be plowed
    4. -
    6. V-VNi3fs
    7. it_will_be_plowed
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372086
    1. וִ,ירוּשָׁלִַם
    2. 532227,532228
    3. and Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem)
    4. ≈Yerushalem
    5. 3389
    6. S-C,Np
    7. and,Jerusalem
    8. -
    9. Location=Jerusalem; Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372087
    1. עִיִּין
    2. 532229
    3. heaps of ruins
    4. -
    5. 5856
    6. O-Ncmpa
    7. heaps_of_ruins
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372088
    1. תִּהְיֶה
    2. 532230
    3. it will be
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. V-Vqi3fs
    7. it_will_be
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372089
    1. וְ,הַר
    2. 532231,532232
    3. and the mountain of
    4. hill
    5. 2022
    6. S-C,Ncmsc
    7. and,the_mountain_of
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372090
    1. הַ,בַּיִת
    2. 532233,532234
    3. the house
    4. -
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. of,the_house
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372091
    1. לְ,בָמוֹת
    2. 532235,532236
    3. (into) high places of
    4. -
    5. 1116
    6. S-R,Ncfpc
    7. (into)_high,places_of
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372092
    1. יָעַר
    2. 532237
    3. a forest
    4. -
    6. S-Ncmsa
    7. a_forest
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372093
    2. 532238
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 372094
    2. 532239
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-pe
    8. S
    9. -
    10. 372095

OET (OET-LV) For_so/thus/hence on_account_of_of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn a_field it_will_be_plowed and_Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem) heaps_of_ruins it_will_be and_the_mountain_of the_house (into)_high_places_of a_forest.

OET (OET-RV) Therefore, because of you all,
 ⇔ ≈ Tsiyyon will become a ploughed field,
 ⇔ ≈ Yerushalem will become a heap of rubble,
 ⇔ ≈ and the temple hill will become covered with scrub.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–12: Micah rebuked the leaders of Israel

In this section, Micah is the speaker. He spoke to the leaders of the Jews and to the prophets. He rebuked (scolded) them for their wicked deeds. He also told them that God would punish the nation because of them.

The Notes will divide this section into three paragraphs:

In each paragraph, Micah used the word “justice” (3:1, 8, 9). In each paragraph, he first rebuked the leaders for their evil deeds. Then he described what would happen as a result of their wickedness. Some versions begin a new paragraph at verse 4 or verse 8. It is recommended that you follow the paragraphs used in the Notes.

Here are some other examples of section headings:

Micah Denounces Israel’s Leaders (GNT)

Leaders and Prophets Rebuked (NIV)

Israel’s Sinful Leaders—Rulers, Prophets, and Priests (GW)

Wicked Rulers and Prophets (NRSV)

Paragraph 3:9–12

This paragraph is similar to 3:1–4. Micah again spoke to the leaders of Israel. He specifically included the judicial leaders (verse 9a–b, 11a), priests (verse 11b), and prophets (verse 11c). He told them to listen (verse 9a). He then accused them of behaving wickedly and described the sins of each group (verses 9b–11). Finally, he told them that God would destroy Jerusalem, including the area where the temple was located (verse 12).

3:12

In this verse, Micah again spoke to the leaders. He told them that because of their evil deeds, a terrible thing would happen. This verse is similar to 1:6. In that verse, the LORD said that Samaria (the capital of the northern kingdom) would be destroyed. Here in 3:12, Micah said that Jerusalem (the capital of the southern kingdom) would be destroyed, along with the temple.

3:12a–d

This verse is introduced by a phrase in 12a that connects the preceding verses (3:9–11) to three parallel lines that follow:

12aTherefore, because of you,

12b Zion will be plowed like a field,

12c Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble,

12dand the temple mount a wooded ridge.

There is an ellipsis (a deliberately omitted phrase) in 3:12d. In some languages, it may be necessary to supply the missing verb from 3:12c. For example:

12dand the temple mount shall become a wooded ridge.

In each of the parallel lines (12b–12d), the parts in bold print describe what will happen to the underlined parts.

3:12a

Therefore, because of you,

Therefore, because of you: This phrase introduces the result of the sins of the leaders described in 3:9–11. Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

That is why, on account of you,…

And so, because of you,… (GNT)

Because of you,… (NCV)

This is what will happen because of your sins:

3:12b

Zion will be plowed like a field,

Zion will be plowed like a field: This verse part is a simile. It means that Zion will be plowed in the same way as a field is plowed. In the future, Zion will no longer be a city with buildings and houses. People will plow the ground to plant crops there.

Zion: In 1:13 and 3:10, Micah used the name Zion as another name for Jerusalem. Here in 3:12b, it is probably also another name for Jerusalem.Almost all commentaries say that in this verse, the names Zion and Jerusalem are synonymous, and the phrase “the temple mount” refers to the area in Jerusalem where the temple was located. See Waltke 2007 (pages 182–183) for a summary of “the three aspects of Jerusalem’s complex situation.” KD (page 318) disagrees. He says that “Zion is that portion of the city which contained the royal palace, and Jerusalem the rest of the city.”

plowed: Micah said that people will plow the ground where the city of Zion (Jerusalem) was. In languages that do not have a term for plowing, it may be possible to use a more generic term. For example:

Zion will become like a field that people farm.

…like a field where people plant crops.

In some languages, it may be helpful to make explicit some information about Zion. For example:

in the future Zion will no longer be a city. It will become like a field that people plow.

If a simile here is not natural in your language, you may translate the meaning directly. For example:

Zion will become a ploughed field (REB)

Jerusalem will be plowed under (CEV)

field: In Hebrew, this word refers to open land in contrast to land that has a city or forest on it. Here it refers specifically to farmland, a field for growing crops.The same Hebrew word is used in 1:6a (“open country”) and 2:2a (“fields”).

3:12c

Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble,

Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble: Micah said that the city of Jerusalem will become a heap of rubble. It is implied that an enemy army will destroy the buildings and walls. Only a heap of rubble will be left.

a heap of rubble: In Hebrew, the phrase a heap of rubble is a single word. It refers to a pile of broken rocks, bricks, wood, and other debris/residue that is left after the buildings and walls of a city are destroyed. Micah used the same word in 1:6a (“heap”). Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

reduced to ruins (NLT)

a pile of ruins (GNT)

left in ruins (CEV)

3:12d

and the temple mount a wooded ridge.

and the temple mount: In Hebrew, this is literally “the mountain/hill of the house.” The word “house” here refers to the temple, the house of the LORD. The temple was on top of a hill in Jerusalem. Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

the mountain of the house (NRSV)

the mountain where the temple now stands (CEV)

the hill on which the Temple stands (NCV)

a wooded ridge: Micah said that the hill on which the temple stood will become a wooded ridge. This implies that the temple will first be destroyed. It will no longer exist.

The phrase a wooded ridge refers to a hilltop that has small trees and bushes growing on it.TWOT (#888a) defines the Hebrew word as “forest, woods, thicket.” It comments about Micah 3:12 that “the mountain of the temple will become high places of a forest, i.e. thick and overgrown.” ABC (page 1079) says: the hill on which it stood will be overgrown with weeds.” NICOT (page 316) calls it “a scrub-covered hill.” KD (page 318) says: “the ground upon which the city stood will be partly used as a ploughed field, and partly overgrown with bushes.” It probably does not refer to a forest with large trees.

Here are some other ways to translate 3:12d in English:

and the temple mount will become a hill overgrown with brush (NET)

and the hill on which the Temple stands will be covered with bushes (NCV)

A thicket will grow on the heights where the Temple now stands. (NLT)

General Comment (1) on 3:12

The phrase “Therefore because of you” gives the reason that these terrible things will happen to Jerusalem. In some languages, it may be clearer to put this phrase at the end of the verse. For example:

So in the future, Zion will become farmland that people plow. People will destroy Jerusalem so that it becomes a heap of ruins. Thickets will grow on the hill where the temple used to be. All this will happen because of your wicked deeds.

General Comment (2) on 3:12

Verse 12c talks about the buildings and other structures in Jerusalem: they will become piles of rubble. Verse parts 12b and 12d talk about the land in Jerusalem: some will become farmland, and shrubs will grow on the temple hill. If it is clearer in your language, you can rearrange the verse parts so that 12b and 12d are together. For example:

12aAnd so, because of your wicked deeds, 12cpeople will destroy Jerusalem so that it becomes a pile of rubble. 12bZion will become farmland that people plow, 12dand bushes will grow on the hill where the temple used to be.

uW Translation Notes:

(Occurrence 0) because of you

(Some words not found in UHB: for=so/thus/hence on,account_of,of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn/(Zion) field plowed and,Jerusalem heap_of_ruins you(ms)_will_be and,the_mountain_of of,the_house (into)_high,places_of forest )

Here “you” refers to the priests, prophets, and leaders ([Micah 3:11](../03/11.md)).

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

(Occurrence 0) Zion will become a plowed field … and the hill of the temple will become a thicket

(Some words not found in UHB: for=so/thus/hence on,account_of,of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn/(Zion) field plowed and,Jerusalem heap_of_ruins you(ms)_will_be and,the_mountain_of of,the_house (into)_high,places_of forest )

“Zion” and “the hill of the temple” refer to the same place. When a farmer plows a field, he turns over all the dirt and uproots all the plants that are growing there. A thicket is so full of bushes that no one can use it for anything. These two metaphors cannot be literally true at the same time, but they emphasize that Yahweh will allow the invaders to completely destroy the temple area.

(Occurrence 0) a plowed field

(Some words not found in UHB: for=so/thus/hence on,account_of,of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn/(Zion) field plowed and,Jerusalem heap_of_ruins you(ms)_will_be and,the_mountain_of of,the_house (into)_high,places_of forest )

Alternate translation: “a field that a farmer has plowed”

(Occurrence 0) a thicket

(Some words not found in UHB: for=so/thus/hence on,account_of,of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn/(Zion) field plowed and,Jerusalem heap_of_ruins you(ms)_will_be and,the_mountain_of of,the_house (into)_high,places_of forest )

a place where many small woody plants grow

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. For so/thus/hence
    2. -
    3. 3817,3529
    5. 532219,532220
    6. S-R,D
    8. S
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372082
    1. on account of of you(pl)
    2. because you with
    3. 846,1533,1978
    5. 532221,532222,532223
    6. S-R,Ncmsc,Sp2mp
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372083
    1. Tsiyyōn
    2. ≈Tsiyyon
    3. 6540
    5. 532224
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Zion; Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372084
    1. a field
    2. field
    3. 8079
    5. 532225
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372085
    1. it will be plowed
    2. -
    3. 2645
    5. 532226
    6. V-VNi3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372086
    1. and Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem)
    2. ≈Yerushalem
    3. 1987,2998
    5. 532227,532228
    6. S-C,Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Jerusalem; Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372087
    1. heaps of ruins
    2. -
    3. 5659
    5. 532229
    6. O-Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372088
    1. it will be
    2. -
    3. 1929
    5. 532230
    6. V-Vqi3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372089
    1. and the mountain of
    2. hill
    3. 1987,1906
    5. 532231,532232
    6. S-C,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372090
    1. the house
    2. -
    3. 1893,1094
    5. 532233,532234
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372091
    1. (into) high places of
    2. -
    3. 3705,1198
    5. 532235,532236
    6. S-R,Ncfpc
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372092
    1. a forest
    2. -
    3. 3168
    5. 532237
    6. S-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-710; TProphecies_of_Micah
    10. 372093

OET (OET-LV) For_so/thus/hence on_account_of_of_you(pl) Tsiyyōn a_field it_will_be_plowed and_Yərūshālam/(Jerusalem) heaps_of_ruins it_will_be and_the_mountain_of the_house (into)_high_places_of a_forest.

OET (OET-RV) Therefore, because of you all,
 ⇔ ≈ Tsiyyon will become a ploughed field,
 ⇔ ≈ Yerushalem will become a heap of rubble,
 ⇔ ≈ and the temple hill will become covered with scrub.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← MIC 3:12 ↑ ► ║ ©