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1 Pet C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

1 Pet 5 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V14

OET interlinear 1 PET 5:13

◄ ← 1 PET 5:13 ↓ → ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Ἀσπάζεται
    2. aspazomai
    3. Is greeting
    4. greetings
    5. 7820
    6. VIPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ greeting
    8. ˓is˒ greeting
    9. S
    10. Y60
    11. 150440
    1. ὑμᾶς
    2. su
    3. you all
    4. you
    5. 47710
    6. R···2A·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y60; R150051
    11. 150441
    1. ἡ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150442
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150443
    1. Βαβυλῶνι
    2. babulōn
    3. Babulōn/(Bāⱱel)
    4. -
    5. 8970
    6. N····DFS
    7. Babulōn/(Bāⱱel?)
    8. Babylon
    9. U
    10. Location=Babylon; Y60
    11. 150444
    1. ἐκκλησία
    2. ekklēsia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15770
    6. N····NFS
    7. assembly
    8. assembly
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 150445
    1. συνεκλεκτή
    2. suneklektos
    3. chosen together
    4. chosen
    5. 48990
    6. S····NFS
    7. chosen_together
    8. chosen_together
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150446
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. and
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150447
    1. Μᾶρκος
    2. markos
    3. Markos
    4. Mark
    5. 31380
    6. N····NMS
    7. Markos
    8. Mark
    9. U
    10. Y60
    11. 150448
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150449
    1. υἱός
    2. huios
    3. son
    4. -
    5. 52070
    6. N····NMS
    7. son
    8. son
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150450
    1. μού
    2. egō
    3. of me
    4. my
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150451

OET (OET-LV) Is_greeting you_all the in Babulōn/(Bāⱱel?
) chosen_together, and Markos, the son of_me.

OET (OET-RV) The chosen group in Babylon and my ‘son’ Mark send their greetings to you chosen people.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:12–14: Final greetings

Peter ended his letter with a final word of encouragement and with greetings from local Christians. It may well be that Peter himself, and not Silvanus, wrote this final section with his own hand, in accordance with the common practice of that time.

Some other headings for this section include:

Peter concluded his letter

Peter’s final greetings

5:13a

The church in Babylon, chosen together with you, sends you greetings,

The church in Babylon: Here the Greek says literally “She in Babylon.” Most commentators think that this is a figure of speech and that Peter was referring to a church. The BSB makes this explicit, as do some other translations. For example:

Your sister church in Babylon (GNT)

Babylon: Babylon is probably a secret name for Rome. So most commentators think that “She in Babylon” refers to the church in Rome, the city from which Peter was writing the letter. This information can be included in a footnote, if you are using footnotes in your translation.

Peter probably used Babylon as a symbolic name for Rome because Rome was then the capital of the pagan world, just as Babylon had been the capital of the ancient pagan world. In Old Testament times Babylon was a godless city that was the center of opposition to God’s people. Babylon was also where the Jews lived when they were exiled from their own land, and Peter had described the people he was writing to as exiles (1:1c; 2:11a).

chosen together with you: Peter was saying that God had chosen the believers in Babylon/Rome to be his people, just as he had chosen the Christians to whom Peter was writing.

This expression is passive. It may be more natural in your language to make it active and to indicate that God was the one who chose these believers. For example:

God has chosen them (EASY)

5:13b

as does my son Mark.

my son Mark: Mark is probably the John Mark mentioned in Acts 12:12 who went with Paul on his first missionary journey. When Peter calls Mark my son, that does not mean that Peter was his real father, but that Mark was dear to Peter. If in your language “my son” would mean that Peter had fathered Mark, then you may need to make it clear that this is only a figure of speech. For example, you could say:

who is like a son to me

who is as dear to me as a son

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-symlanguage

ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτὴ

the in Babylon (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτή καί Μᾶρκος ὁ υἱός μού)

She and fellow-elect one here both refer to the group of believers who were with Peter when he wrote this letter. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [This group of believers in Babylon, who are fellow-elect ones]

Note 2 topic: writing-symlanguage

ἐν Βαβυλῶνι

in Babylon

Here, Babylon could mean: (1) the city of Rome. Alternate translation: [in Rome, which is like Babylon] (2) the city of Babylon, as it appears in the ULT. See the discussion of this in the General Notes to this chapter.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

συνεκλεκτὴ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτή καί Μᾶρκος ὁ υἱός μού)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [one whom God has elected]

ἀσπάζεται

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτή καί Μᾶρκος ὁ υἱός μού)

As was customary in this culture, Peter concludes the letter by extending greetings from people who are with him and who know the people to whom he is writing. Your language may have a particular way of sharing greetings in a letter. If so, you could use that form here. Alternate translation: [asks to be remembered by] or [says hello to]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὁ υἱός μου

the son (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτή καί Μᾶρκος ὁ υἱός μού)

Peter refers to Mark as if he were his son, because he taught him about Christianity and loved him like a son. If this might confuse your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [the one who is like my son] or [my spiritual son]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Is greeting
    2. greetings
    3. 7820
    4. S
    5. aspazomai
    6. V-IPM3··S
    7. ˓is˒ greeting
    8. ˓is˒ greeting
    9. S
    10. Y60
    11. 150440
    1. you all
    2. you
    3. 47710
    5. su
    6. R-···2A·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. Y60; R150051
    11. 150441
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150442
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150443
    1. Babulōn/(Bāⱱel)
    2. -
    3. 8970
    4. U
    5. babulōn
    6. N-····DFS
    7. Babulōn/(Bāⱱel?)
    8. Babylon
    9. U
    10. Location=Babylon; Y60
    11. 150444
    1. chosen together
    2. chosen
    3. 48990
    5. suneklektos
    6. S-····NFS
    7. chosen_together
    8. chosen_together
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150446
    1. and
    2. and
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150447
    1. Markos
    2. Mark
    3. 31380
    4. U
    5. markos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Markos
    8. Mark
    9. U
    10. Y60
    11. 150448
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150449
    1. son
    2. -
    3. 52070
    5. huios
    6. N-····NMS
    7. son
    8. son
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150450
    1. of me
    2. my
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1G·S
    7. ˱of˲ me
    8. ˱of˲ me
    9. -
    10. Y60
    11. 150451

OET (OET-LV) Is_greeting you_all the in Babulōn/(Bāⱱel?
) chosen_together, and Markos, the son of_me.

OET (OET-RV) The chosen group in Babylon and my ‘son’ Mark send their greetings to you chosen people.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← 1 PET 5:13 ↑ → ║ ©