YAC 3:4 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, pink:genitive/possessor.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT Behold also the ships, being so large and driven by strong winds, it is turned by the smallest rudder where the inclination of the one steering desires.

UST Think about ships too. A ship may be very large and the winds that propel it forward may be very strong. Even so, by using a tiny rudder, the pilot can direct the ship wherever he wants it to go.

BSB Consider ships as well. Although they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are steered by a very small rudder wherever the pilot is inclined.

BLB Behold also the ships, being so great and being driven by strong winds, are turned about by a very small rudder wherever the impulse of the one steering resolves.

AICNT Behold, even the ships, being so large and driven by strong winds, are directed by a very small rudder wherever the impulse of the one steering desires.

OEB Again, think of ships. Large as they are, and even when driven by fierce winds, they are guided by a very small rudder and steered in whatever direction the man at the helm may determine.

WEBBE Behold,[fn] the ships also, though they are so big and are driven by fierce winds, are yet guided by a very small rudder, wherever the pilot desires.

3:4 “Behold”, from “ἰδοὺ”, means look at, take notice, observe, see, or gaze at. It is often used as an interjection.

WMBB (Same as above including footnotes)

NET Look at ships too: Though they are so large and driven by harsh winds, they are steered by a tiny rudder wherever the pilot’s inclination directs.

LSV behold, also the ships, being so great, and being driven by fierce winds, are directed by a very small rudder, wherever the impulse of the [one] steering wills,

FBV Look at ships as well: even though they're very big and are driven along by strong winds, they're steered by a very small rudder in the direction the pilot wants to go.

TCNT Or take ships for example, though they are so large and driven by fierce winds, they are guided by a very small rudder wherever the inclination of the pilot directs.

T4T Think also about ships. Although a ship may be very large and although it can be moved by strong winds {strong winds can move it}, by turning a very small ◄rudder/steering paddle► people can direct the ship wherever they want it to go.

LEB Behold also ships: although they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are guided by a very small rudder wherever the inclination of the pilot wishes.

BBE And again ships, though they are so great and are moved by violent winds, are turned by a very small guiding-blade, at the impulse of the man who is using it.

Moff No Moff YAC (JAM) book available

Wymth So too with ships, great as they are, and often driven along by strong gales, yet they can be steered with a very small rudder in whichever direction the caprice of the man at the helm chooses.

ASV Behold, the ships also, though they are so great and are driven by rough winds, are yet turned about by a very small rudder, whither the impulse of the steersman willeth.

DRA Behold also ships, whereas they are great, and are driven by strong winds, yet are they turned about with a small helm, whithersoever the force of the governor willeth.

YLT lo, also the ships, being so great, and by fierce winds being driven, are led about by a very small helm, whithersoever the impulse of the helmsman doth counsel,

Drby Behold also the ships, which are so great, and driven by violent winds, are turned about by a very small rudder, wherever the pleasure of the helmsman will.

RV Behold, the ships also, though they are so great, and are driven by rough winds, are yet turned about by a very small rudder, whither the impulse of the steersman willeth.

Wbstr Behold also the ships, which though they are so great, and are driven by fierce winds, yet they are turned about with a very small helm, withersoever the governor willeth.

KJB-1769 Behold also the ships, which though they be so great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small helm, whithersoever the governor listeth.

KJB-1611 Behold also the ships, which though they be so great, and are driuen of fierce windes, yet are they turned about with a very small helme, whithersoeuer the gouernour listeth.
(Behold also the ships, which though they be so great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small helme, whithersoever the governor listeth.)

Bshps Beholde also ye shippes, which though they be so great, and are dryuen of fierce windes, yet are they turned about with a very small helme, whither soeuer the violence of the gouernour wyll.
(Behold also ye/you_all ships, which though they be so great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small helme, whither soever the violence of the governor wyll.)

Gnva Behold also the shippes, which though they be so great, and are driuen of fierce windes, yet are they turned about with a very small rudder, whither soeuer the gouernour listeth.
(Behold also the ships, which though they be so great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small rudder, whither soever the governor listeth. )

Cvdl Beholde also ye shyppes, which though they be so gret, and are dryuen of fearce windes, yet are they turned about with a very smale helme, whither soeuer the violence of the gouerner wyll.
(Behold also ye/you_all ships, which though they be so gret, and are driven of fearce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small helme, whither soever the violence of the gouerner wyll.)

TNT Beholde also the shyppes which though they be so gret and are dryven of fearce windes yet are they turned about with a very smale helme whither soever the violence of the governer wyll.
(Behold also the ships which though they be so great and are dryven of fearce winds yet are they turned about with a very small helme whither soever the violence of the governer wyll. )

Wycl And lo! schippis, whanne thei ben grete, and ben dryuun of stronge wyndis, yit thei ben borun about of a litil gouernaile, where the meuyng of the gouernour wole.
(And lo! shippis, when they been grete, and been dryuun of strong winds, yet they been born about of a little gouernaile, where the meuyng of the governor wole.)

Luth Siehe, die Schiffe, ob sie wohl so groß sind und von starken Winden getrieben werden, werden sie doch gelenkt mit einem kleinen Ruder, wo der hin will, der es regieret.
(See, the shipe, ob they/she/them probably so large are and from starken Winden getrieben become, become they/she/them though/but gelenkt with one kleinen Ruder, where the/of_the there will, the/of_the it regieret.)

ClVg Ecce et naves, cum magnæ sint, et a ventis validis minentur, circumferuntur a modico gubernaculo ubi impetus dirigentis voluerit.
(Behold and naves, when/with magnæ sint, and from the_winds validis minentur, circumferuntur from modico gubernaculo where impetus dirigentis voluerit. )

UGNT ἰδοὺ, καὶ τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα, καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν ἐλαυνόμενα, μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου, ὅπου ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται.
(idou, kai ta ploia, taʸlikauta onta, kai hupo anemōn sklaʸrōn elaunomena, metagetai hupo elaⱪistou paʸdaliou, hopou haʸ hormaʸ tou euthunontos bouletai.)

SBL-GNT ἰδοὺ καὶ τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα καὶ ὑπὸ ⸂ἀνέμων σκληρῶν⸃ ἐλαυνόμενα, μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου ὅπου ⸂ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται⸃·
(idou kai ta ploia, taʸlikauta onta kai hupo ⸂anemōn sklaʸrōn⸃ elaunomena, metagetai hupo elaⱪistou paʸdaliou hopou ⸂haʸ hormaʸ tou euthunontos bouletai⸃;)

TC-GNT Ἰδού, καὶ τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα, καὶ ὑπὸ [fn]σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα, μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου, ὅπου [fn]ἂν ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ [fn]εὐθύνοντος [fn]βούληται.
(Idou, kai ta ploia, taʸlikauta onta, kai hupo sklaʸrōn anemōn elaunomena, metagetai hupo elaⱪistou paʸdaliou, hopou an haʸ hormaʸ tou euthunontos boulaʸtai. )

3:4 σκληρων ανεμων ¦ ανεμων σκληρων ECM^† NA PCK SBL TH WH

3:4 αν ¦ — CT

3:4 ευθυνοντος ¦ ιθυνοντος PCK

3:4 βουληται ¦ βουλεται CT

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἰδοὺ, καὶ τὰ πλοῖα

behold also the ships

The term Behold focuses the attention of a listener or reader on what a speaker or writer is about to say. Though it literally means “look” or “see,” the term can be used to mean giving notice and attention, and that is how James is using it here. Alternate translation: [Also consider the case of ships]

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

πλοῖα & πηδαλίου

ships & rudder

These ships are large vessels that are used to transport people or goods by water. A rudder is a flat device attached to the back of a ship that is used to steer it. If your readers would not be familiar with what ships are and what a rudder is, in your translation you could use the name of another transportation vehicle and a different device, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: [trucks … steering wheel] or [large vehicles … steering device]

τηλικαῦτα ὄντα, καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν ἐλαυνόμενα

so_great being and by winds hard /being/_driven

It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: [Even though they are so large and driven by strong winds]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τηλικαῦτα ὄντα, καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν ἐλαυνόμενα

so_great being and by winds hard /being/_driven

If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [Even though they are so large and strong winds drive them]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου

/is_being/_directed by /the/_least rudder

James is using the action of turning a ship to mean guiding or controlling the ship in general. (For example, a person might turn a ship in order to keep it upright, not just to direct it to a certain place.) Alternate translation: [it is controlled by the smallest rudder] or [it is guided by the smallest rudder]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου

/is_being/_directed by /the/_least rudder

If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: [the smallest rudder turns it]

μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου

/is_being/_directed by /the/_least rudder

Since James speaks of ships in the plural, it might be more natural in your language to use the plural in this clause as well. Alternate translation: [they are turned by the smallest rudders] or [the smallest rudders turn them]

ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου

/the/_least rudder

James says smallest, using the superlative form of the adjective “small,” to express a meaning of the adjective in its positive form. Your language may use superlative forms in the same way. If not, you could translate this using the positive form. Alternate translation: [a very small rudder]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ὅπου ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται

wherever the impulse ˱of˲_the_‹one› straightening /is/_wishing

James speaks of the inclination of the person steering a boat as if it were a living thing that desired to go in one direction or another. Alternate translation: [in whatever direction the one steering the boat wants it to go]

Parallel YAC 3:4