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2Tim 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17
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Key: khaki:verbs, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor.
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MOF No MOF 2TIM book available
5. Instructions for opposing false teaching (2:14–4:8) * False teachers in the last days (3:1–9) * Instructions to Timothy to remain faithful (3:10–15) * The nature of Scripture (3:16–17)
Many Christians understand the phrase “last days” (3:1) to refer to the entire time from when Jesus first came to when he will return, which includes Paul’s time. If so, then what Paul says about false teachers and evil people applies to his time, the present time, and the future. In contrast, some Christians understand the phrase “last days” to refer to a time in the future just before Jesus returns. If that is the meaning, then what Paul says about false teachers and evil people applies primarily to the future. Since Christians disagree about what time period the phrase “last days” refers to, if possible use a phrase that is general enough to allow for several interpretations. See the notes on 3:1 for translation options.
In 3:8–9, Paul refers to two men named Jannes and Jambres. These were the traditional names in Paul’s culture for two of the sorcerers or magicians who served Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. When God told Moses to tell Pharaoh to release the Israelites from slavery in Egypt, Jannes and Jambres opposed Moses by doing the same kind of miracle that he did (see Exodus 7:8–13). However, later on they were not able to imitate the miracles that Moses did (see Exodus 8:18–19), and they were even affected directly by one of the miracles that Moses did (see Exodus 9:11). Paul compares the false teachers he is speaking about to these two men. Just like Jannes and Jambres, they oppose what is true but will eventually be proven foolish. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could include some of this information in a footnote.
In 3:16, Paul states that all Scripture is “God-breathed.” This is an important metaphor that indicates that God is the origin of Scripture as surely as if it were a breath that he had exhaled. This means that Scripture contains God’s words and is as true and reliable as God himself is. Paul does not mean that Scripture was not written by humans. Rather, Paul means that God enabled and guided humans as they wrote Scripture so that it truly is God’s words. If possible, preserve this important metaphor or express the idea in simile form. See the notes on this verse for translation options. (See: figs-metaphor)