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Ruth C1 C2 C3 C4

Ruth 3 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18

OET interlinear RUTH 3:3

◄ ← RUTH 3:3 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,רָחַצְתְּ
    2. 180383,180384
    3. And you will wash
    4. So but
    5. 7364
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    7. and,you_will_wash
    8. S
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124663
    2. 180385
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-paseq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124664
    1. וָ,סַכְתְּ
    2. 180386,180387
    3. and you will anoint yourself
    4. -
    5. 5480
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    7. and,you_will_anoint_yourself
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124665
    1. וְ,שַׂמְתְּ
    2. 180388,180389
    3. and you will put
    4. -
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    7. and,you_will_put
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124666
    1. שמלת,ך
    2. 180390,180391
    3. garments of your
    4. your
    5. 8071
    6. O-Ncfsc,Sp2fs
    7. garments_of,your
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124667
    2. 180392
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124668
    1. עָלַיִ,ךְ
    2. 180393,180394
    3. on yourself
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp2fs
    7. on,yourself
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124669
    1. ו,ירדתי
    2. 180395,180396
    3. and you will go down
    4. go
    5. 3381
    6. SV-C,Vqq1cs
    7. and,you_will_go_down
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124670
    2. 180397
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124671
    1. הַ,גֹּרֶן
    2. 180398,180399
    3. the threshing floor
    4. threshing floor
    5. 1637
    6. S-Td,Ncbsa
    7. the_threshing,floor
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124672
    1. אַל
    2. 180400
    3. do not
    4. don't
    5. 408
    6. S-Tn
    7. do_not
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124673
    2. 180401
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124674
    1. תִּוָּדְעִי
    2. 180402
    3. make yourself known
    4. yourself
    5. 3045
    6. V-VNj2fs
    7. make_yourself_known
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124675
    1. לָ,אִישׁ
    2. 180403,180404
    3. to man
    4. -
    5. 376
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. to,man
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124676
    1. עַד
    2. 180405
    3. until
    4. until
    5. 5704
    6. S-R
    7. until
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124677
    1. כַּלֹּת,וֹ
    2. 180406,180407
    3. finishes he
    4. finished
    5. 3615
    6. VS-Vpc,Sp3ms
    7. finishes,he
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124678
    1. לֶ,אֱכֹל
    2. 180408,180409
    3. to eat
    4. eating
    5. 398
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. to,eat
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124679
    1. וְ,לִ,שְׁתּוֹת
    2. 180410,180411,180412
    3. and to drink
    4. drinking
    5. 8354
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    7. and,to,drink
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124680
    2. 180413
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124681

OET (OET-LV) And_you_will_wash and_you_will_anoint_yourself and_you_will_put garments_of_your[fn] on_yourself and_you_will_go_down[fn] the_threshing_floor do_not make_yourself_known to_man until finishes_he to_eat and_to_drink.

3:3 OSHB variant note: שמלת/ך: (x-qere) ’שִׂמְלֹתַ֛יִ/ךְ’: lemma_8071 n_1.0.0 morph_HNcfpc/Sp2fs id_08i9m שִׂמְלֹתַ֛יִ/ךְ

3:3 OSHB variant note: ו/ירדתי: (x-qere) ’וְ/יָרַ֣דְתְּ’: lemma_c/3381 morph_HC/Vqq2fs id_08XPV וְ/יָרַ֣דְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) So wash yourself and put on some perfume. Wear your cloak and go out to the threshing floor, but don’t let him know you’re there until he’s finished eating and drinking.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–18: Ruth asked Boaz to help her and Naomi

Life for widows in ancient Israel was difficult, especially for those who had no grown sons, because women depended on men to protect and provide for them. This fourth section tells how Naomi wanted to find a new husband for Ruth so that she could have a better living situation. So, she instructed Ruth to go and meet Boaz secretly at night. Ruth followed Naomi’s plan and asked him to take her into his care as his wife. She told him that this was his duty as a relative of her dead husband.

Boaz was happy to do this, but there was a problem. There was another relative who was more closely related to Naomi and Ruth than he was. If that man did not want to marry Ruth, Boaz promised that he would marry her. When Ruth returned home and told Naomi what had happened, Naomi assured her that Boaz would work hard to take care of the situation that very day.

Here are some other examples of a heading for this section:

Naomi’s Plan for Ruth’s Marriage (GW)

Ruth and Boaz at the Threshing Floor (NIV)

Ruth asked Boaz to marry her

3:3a

Therefore wash yourself, put on perfume, and wear your best clothes.

Therefore: In Hebrew, this sentence starts with a conjunction that the BSB translates as Therefore. It begins a series of instructions from Naomi to Ruth. So far, Naomi’s speech to Ruth which began in 3:1b has been describing a situation. Here in 3:3a she switched to giving instructions.

Here are some ways to introduce the series of instructions:

So… (NET)

Now do as I tell you (NLT)

Therefore I want you to…

You should… (CEB)

Consider the way that your language naturally switches from describing the important facts about a situation to giving instructions.

wash yourself, put on perfume: Naomi told Ruth to wash yourself, which means to bathe. The verb which the BSB translates as put on perfume means to “anoint” or “apply oils or perfumes to the body.” Perfumed oil was a luxury item. Poor people would have used it only on special occasions.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

So bathe yourself, rub on some perfumed oil (NET)

take a bath and put on perfume (NLT)

and wear your best clothes: The Hebrew clause that the BSB translates as and wear your best clothes is literally “and you will put your clothing on yourself.” There is no Hebrew word that means best here, but many translations supply a description of the clothes as “best,” “nice,” or “good,” because it fits the context.

clothes: There is a textual issue here:

  1. In some Hebrew manuscripts the word for clothes is plural and refers to clothing in general. For example:

    and put on your best clothes (NRSV) (BSB, CEV, GNT, GW, KJV, NET, NIV, NABRE, NASB, NRSV, NCV, NLT, REB)

  2. In other Hebrew manuscripts and in the LXX, the word for clothes is singular, referring specifically to a “cloak,” “robe,” or “outer garment.” For example:

    and put on your cloak (ESV) (ESV, NJB)

It is recommended that you follow option (1) along with most versions. Also, it has strong manuscript support.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

and dress in your nicest clothes (NLT)

and get dressed up (NET)

dress up (NJPS)

3:3b

Go down to the threshing floor,

Go down to the threshing floor: Bethlehem was built on a hill that is higher than the surrounding land. A person would need to Go down to get to any place nearby. Threshing floors were also located on the tops or ridges of hills in order to catch good wind for blowing away the chaff. The threshing floor where Boaz worked was probably on the top of a lower hill close to Bethlehem.

In some languages, it may not be natural to say “go down” if a person goes slightly downhill. If that is true in your language, see the last three examples below.

Then go down the hill to the threshing place

After that, go over to the place where they crush/thresh the grain

Then go to the threshing floor (NLT)

Go where he is working (CEV)

3:3c

but do not let the man know you are there until he has finished eating and drinking.

but: The instructions in 3:3a-b have all been positive commands (“wash…put on…wear…Go down…”). Here in 3:3c, she gave a negative command, telling Ruth what not to do. The Hebrew text does not use any conjunction here. In many languages, it will be natural to use a conjunction that indicates contrast. For example:

However,

But be careful…

But make sure…

do not let the man know you are there until he has finished eating and drinking: Naomi told Ruth to remain out of Boaz’s sight until he had finished eating and had gone to sleep.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

Do not let him recognize you while he is still eating and drinking

but don’t let Boaz see you until he has finished eating and drinking (NLT)

but don’t let him recognize you. Once he’s finished eating and drinking,… (FBV)

In some languages, it may be more natural to use a positive command here rather than a negative one. For example:

But keep yourself out of his sight while…

But stay hidden until…

the man: There are three ways to translate this phrase:

eating and drinking: The phrase eating and drinking is a Hebrew idiom that means “having a meal.”

uW Translation Notes:

וָ⁠סַ֗כְתְּ

and,you_will_anoint_yourself

Alternate translation: [rub sweet-smelling oil on yourself]

Note 1 topic: translate-unknown

וְיָרַ֣דְתְּ הַ⁠גֹּ֑רֶן

(Some words not found in UHB: and,you_will_wash and,you_will_anoint_yourself and,you_will_put garments_of,your on,yourself and,you_will_go_down the_threshing,floor not make_~_known to,man until finishes,he to,eat and,to,drink )

A threshing floor is an open, flat area where workers could thresh and winnow grain. It would be outside of the city, which was high on a hill, and thus, one would go “down” to it. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of agricultural site, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: [and leave the city to go to the flat place where he will thresh and winnow his grain]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo

לֶ⁠אֱכֹ֥ל וְ⁠לִ⁠שְׁתּֽוֹת

to,eat and,to,drink

If it would be unnatural to express these details of a meal in your language, you could use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: [his supper]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And you will wash
    2. So but
    3. 1987,7280
    5. 180383,180384
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    8. S
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124663
    1. and you will anoint yourself
    2. -
    3. 1987,5503
    5. 180386,180387
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124665
    1. and you will put
    2. -
    3. 1987,8148
    5. 180388,180389
    6. SV-C,Vqq2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124666
    1. garments of your
    2. your
    3. 8033,1978
    4. K
    5. 180390,180391
    6. O-Ncfsc,Sp2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124667
    1. on yourself
    2. -
    3. 5837,1978
    5. 180393,180394
    6. S-R,Sp2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124669
    1. and you will go down
    2. go
    3. 1987,3297
    4. K
    5. 180395,180396
    6. SV-C,Vqq1cs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124670
    1. the threshing floor
    2. threshing floor
    3. 1893,1577
    5. 180398,180399
    6. S-Td,Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124672
    1. do not
    2. don't
    3. 515
    5. 180400
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124673
    1. make yourself known
    2. yourself
    3. 3207
    5. 180402
    6. V-VNj2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124675
    1. to man
    2. -
    3. 3705,266
    5. 180403,180404
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124676
    1. until
    2. until
    3. 5798
    5. 180405
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124677
    1. finishes he
    2. finished
    3. 3619,1978
    5. 180406,180407
    6. VS-Vpc,Sp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124678
    1. to eat
    2. eating
    3. 3705,669
    5. 180408,180409
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124679
    1. and to drink
    2. drinking
    3. 1987,3705,7902
    5. 180410,180411,180412
    6. SV-C,R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124680

OET (OET-LV) And_you_will_wash and_you_will_anoint_yourself and_you_will_put garments_of_your[fn] on_yourself and_you_will_go_down[fn] the_threshing_floor do_not make_yourself_known to_man until finishes_he to_eat and_to_drink.

3:3 OSHB variant note: שמלת/ך: (x-qere) ’שִׂמְלֹתַ֛יִ/ךְ’: lemma_8071 n_1.0.0 morph_HNcfpc/Sp2fs id_08i9m שִׂמְלֹתַ֛יִ/ךְ

3:3 OSHB variant note: ו/ירדתי: (x-qere) ’וְ/יָרַ֣דְתְּ’: lemma_c/3381 morph_HC/Vqq2fs id_08XPV וְ/יָרַ֣דְתְּ

OET (OET-RV) So wash yourself and put on some perfume. Wear your cloak and go out to the threshing floor, but don’t let him know you’re there until he’s finished eating and drinking.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← RUTH 3:3 ↑ → ► ║ ©