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Ruth C1 C2 C3 C4

Ruth 3 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V16 V17 V18

OET interlinear RUTH 3:15

◄ ← RUTH 3:15 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יֹּאמֶר
    2. 180694,180695
    3. And he/it said
    4. said So
    5. 559
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_said
    8. S
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124880
    1. הָבִי
    2. 180696
    3. give
    4. -
    5. 3051
    6. V-Vqv2fs
    7. give
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124881
    1. הַ,מִּטְפַּחַת
    2. 180697,180698
    3. the shawl
    4. cloak
    5. 4304
    6. O-Td,Ncfsa
    7. the,shawl
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124882
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 180699
    3. which
    4. -
    6. O-Tr
    7. which
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124883
    2. 180700
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124884
    1. עָלַיִ,ךְ
    2. 180701,180702
    3. +is on you
    4. -
    6. P-R,Sp2fs
    7. [is]_on,you
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124885
    1. וְ,אֶֽחֳזִי
    2. 180703,180704
    3. and take hold
    4. -
    5. 270
    6. SV-C,Vqv2fs
    7. and,take_hold
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124886
    2. 180705
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124887
    1. בָ,הּ
    2. 180706,180707
    3. on it
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    7. on,it
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124888
    1. וַ,תֹּאחֶז
    2. 180708,180709
    3. and she took hold
    4. -
    5. 270
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    7. and,she_took_hold
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124889
    1. בָּ,הּ
    2. 180710,180711
    3. on it
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    7. on,it
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124890
    1. וַ,יָּמָד
    2. 180712,180713
    3. and he measured out
    4. -
    5. 4058
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and,he_measured_out
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124891
    1. שֵׁשׁ
    2. 180714
    3. six
    4. -
    5. 8337
    6. O-Acfsa
    7. six
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124892
    2. 180715
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124893
    1. שְׂעֹרִים
    2. 180716
    3. barley(s)
    4. barley
    5. 8184
    6. O-Ncfpa
    7. barley(s)
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124894
    1. וַ,יָּשֶׁת
    2. 180717,180718
    3. and he put it
    4. -
    5. 7896
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and,he_put_[it]
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124895
    1. עָלֶי,הָ
    2. 180719,180720
    3. on/upon it(f)
    4. -
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    7. on/upon=it(f)
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124896
    1. וַ,יָּבֹא
    2. 180721,180722
    3. and he came
    4. went
    5. 935
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and,he_came
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124897
    1. הָ,עִיר
    2. 180723,180724
    3. the city
    4. town
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    7. the=city
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124898
    2. 180725
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 124899

OET (OET-LV) And_he/it_said give the_shawl which is_on_you and_take_hold on_it and_she_took_hold on_it and_he_measured_out six barley(s) and_he_put_it on/upon_it(f) and_he_came the_city.

OET (OET-RV) Then Boaz said, “Bring your cloak here and hold it out.” So she held it while he poured a generous amount of barley into it, and lifted it onto her shoulder. Then he or she[fn] went into the town.

3:15 TC: There’s no separate Hebrew word for ‘he’ or ‘she’ here—it’s part of the verb ‘he/she_went’ but it’s unclear if this original verb was marked masculine or feminine, hence you’ll find both alternatives in various Bible translations.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–18: Ruth asked Boaz to help her and Naomi

Life for widows in ancient Israel was difficult, especially for those who had no grown sons, because women depended on men to protect and provide for them. This fourth section tells how Naomi wanted to find a new husband for Ruth so that she could have a better living situation. So, she instructed Ruth to go and meet Boaz secretly at night. Ruth followed Naomi’s plan and asked him to take her into his care as his wife. She told him that this was his duty as a relative of her dead husband.

Boaz was happy to do this, but there was a problem. There was another relative who was more closely related to Naomi and Ruth than he was. If that man did not want to marry Ruth, Boaz promised that he would marry her. When Ruth returned home and told Naomi what had happened, Naomi assured her that Boaz would work hard to take care of the situation that very day.

Here are some other examples of a heading for this section:

Naomi’s Plan for Ruth’s Marriage (GW)

Ruth and Boaz at the Threshing Floor (NIV)

Ruth asked Boaz to marry her

Paragraph 3:14–15

This paragraph says that Ruth spent the rest of the night at Boaz’s feet. Then it describes what they did when they first woke up.

3:15a

And he told her, “Bring the shawl you are wearing and hold it out.”

Bring the shawl you are wearing and hold it out: Boaz asked Ruth to unwrap the shawl from around her shoulders, and then hold it open so that he could put grain into it.

This shawl was probably a wrap for her head and shoulders on top of her dress. It must have been fairly large and strong enough to carry a large amount of grain in it.

The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as hold…out also means “seize” or “grip (tightly).” The shawl was only a large piece of cloth, and not a bag. So Ruth would have to hold it firmly on the corners as Boaz poured the grain to prevent it from spilling.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

Hold out the shawl you are wearing and grip it tightly. (NET)

Bring me your shawl and hold it open. (NCV)

Stretch out the cape you’re wearing and hold it tight. (GW)

In some languages, it may be more natural to use an indirect quotation here. For example:

Then he told her to bring her shawl and hold it firmly.

3:15b

When she did so, he shoveled six measures of barley into her shawl.

When she did so: This clause is more literally “And she held it.” In some languages, you may want to make explicit what she did as in the Hebrew. For example:

As she held it tightly (NET)

So Ruth held her shawl open (NCV)

So she held it tight while (GW)

he shoveled six measures of barley: The Hebrew of this clause is more literally “He measured (out) six (of) barley.” It means that Boaz measured the barley as he put it in Ruth’s shawl. The text does not say what measuring container or unit was used. However it is clear that this was a generous amount but not too much for a strong young woman to carry alone. Most scholars think it was around thirty kilograms (sixty-five pounds).

If you can, use a special unit of weight that can be used for grain, such as rice. Then use the number of units that will make a total of about thirty kilograms. If you do not have a special unit of weight for grain, you may translate six measures as “Thirty (30) kilograms” or “sixty-five (65) pounds.”

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

and he measured six measures of barley (NASB)

he poured about 30 kilograms of barley into her shawl

He poured more than fifty pounds of barley into it (NIrV)

And he filled it with a lot of grain (CEV)

into her shawl: Women at that time often carried heavy loads on their heads. Sometimes they needed help to get a very heavy load into position to carry it. Boaz helped her lift this heavy weight and get it properly balanced on her head, or possibly on her back or shoulders.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

Boaz then put it on her head (NCV)

and placed it on her back (NLT)

and helped her lift it to her shoulder (GNT)

3:15c

Then he went into the city.

Then he went into the city: There is a textual problem with this verse:

  1. The Masoretic Text has “he went into the town.” For example:

    Then he returned to the town. (NLT) (BSB, GW, NABRE, NCV, NET, NIV, NLT, NRSV)

  2. The Syriac and Vulgate have “she went into the town.” Some scholars think that the feminine verb was the original text because 3:16a continues the story with Ruth arriving home. For example:

    When Ruth got back to town (CEV) (CEV, GNT, KJV, NASB, NJB, NJPS, REB, RSV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1).ZECOT. There does not seem to be a strong reason to not follow it. Boaz wanted to take care of his responsibility quickly, and the text here indicates that he returned to town as soon as he gave RuthThe KJV has “Who are thou, my daughter? No other versions understand the question this way, so the Notes have not made it an interpretation issue. the grain.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: translate-unknown

הַ⁠מִּטְפַּ֧חַת

the,shawl

A cloak was a long, thick outer garment usually made of cloth. Your language and culture may have a term for such a piece of clothing that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: [the cape] or [the coat]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

שֵׁשׁ־שְׂעֹרִים֙

six barley

The actual amount is not stated. There is no word referring to the container that Boaz filled six times with barley. The original readers probably knew how big this container was, but we do not. The total amount was enough to be considered generous, yet not too much for Ruth to carry alone. Most scholars think that the total amount was around 25 to 30 kilograms. Alternate translation: [six measures of barley]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

וַ⁠יָּ֣שֶׁת עָלֶ֔י⁠הָ

and,he_put_[it] on/upon=it(f)

The writer is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: [into it and then put the cloak full of barley on Ruth’s back]

Note 4 topic: translate-textvariants

וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א הָ⁠עִֽיר

and,he_came the=city

Many ancient manuscripts read he went, referring to Boaz. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “she went,” referring to Ruth. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

3:15 six scoops: There were two scoop sizes. The smaller measure (the omer) was 1/10 of an ephah (about 2 quarts); the larger measure (the seah) was 1/3 of an ephah (about 6 2/3 quarts). The latter quantity is more likely and indicates a very generous gift, twice the amount that Ruth gleaned on her first day (2:17); it was a significant token of good faith.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. And he/it said
    2. said So
    3. 1987,683
    5. 180694,180695
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. S
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124880
    1. give
    2. -
    3. 3213
    5. 180696
    6. V-Vqv2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124881
    1. the shawl
    2. cloak
    3. 1893,4075
    5. 180697,180698
    6. O-Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124882
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 180699
    6. O-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124883
    1. +is on you
    2. -
    3. 5837,1978
    5. 180701,180702
    6. P-R,Sp2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124885
    1. and take hold
    2. -
    3. 1987,655
    5. 180703,180704
    6. SV-C,Vqv2fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124886
    1. on it
    2. -
    3. 846,1978
    5. 180706,180707
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124888
    1. and she took hold
    2. -
    3. 1987,655
    5. 180708,180709
    6. SV-C,Vqw3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124889
    1. on it
    2. -
    3. 846,1978
    5. 180710,180711
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124890
    1. and he measured out
    2. -
    3. 1987,4661
    5. 180712,180713
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124891
    1. six
    2. -
    3. 7639
    5. 180714
    6. O-Acfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124892
    1. barley(s)
    2. barley
    3. 8012
    5. 180716
    6. O-Ncfpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124894
    1. and he put it
    2. -
    3. 1987,7555
    5. 180717,180718
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124895
    1. on/upon it(f)
    2. -
    3. 5837,1978
    5. 180719,180720
    6. S-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124896
    1. and he came
    2. went
    3. 1987,1274
    5. 180721,180722
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124897
    1. the city
    2. town
    3. 1893,5667
    5. 180723,180724
    6. S-Td,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1307
    10. 124898

OET (OET-LV) And_he/it_said give the_shawl which is_on_you and_take_hold on_it and_she_took_hold on_it and_he_measured_out six barley(s) and_he_put_it on/upon_it(f) and_he_came the_city.

OET (OET-RV) Then Boaz said, “Bring your cloak here and hold it out.” So she held it while he poured a generous amount of barley into it, and lifted it onto her shoulder. Then he or she[fn] went into the town.

3:15 TC: There’s no separate Hebrew word for ‘he’ or ‘she’ here—it’s part of the verb ‘he/she_went’ but it’s unclear if this original verb was marked masculine or feminine, hence you’ll find both alternatives in various Bible translations.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← RUTH 3:15 ↑ → ► ║ ©