OET interlinear ZEP 1:3

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-quotations

נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה

declares_of YHWH

See how you translated the phrase the declaration of Yahweh in the previous verse. If you used it to introduce the quotation there, you may wish to do the same thing here.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

אָסֵ֨ף אָדָ֜ם וּ⁠בְהֵמָ֗ה אָסֵ֤ף עוֹף־הַ⁠שָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ וּ⁠דְגֵ֣י הַ⁠יָּ֔ם

sweep_away humankind and,animals sweep_away bird the=heavens and,fish_of the=sea

Yahweh is using creatures from the three components of creation—land creatures, sky creatures, and sea creatures—to mean all creatures throughout creation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “I will take away all the creatures that live everywhere in creation”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

אָדָ֜ם וּ⁠בְהֵמָ֗ה & אֶת־הָ⁠אָדָ֗ם

humankind and,animals & DOM (Some words not found in UHB: sweep_away humankind and,animals sweep_away bird the=heavens and,fish_of the=sea and,the,ruins DOM the,wicked and,cut_off DOM the=humankind from=under face/surface_of the=soil declares_of YHWH )

Here the masculine term man has a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use language in your translation that clearly includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “humans and beasts … humans”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / merism

אָדָ֜ם וּ⁠בְהֵמָ֗ה

humankind and,animals

Yahweh is using two types of creatures that live on the earth, man and beast, to mean all creatures that live on the earth. If you would like to retain in your translation the references in this verse to the three different parts of creation, you could explain the meaning of this reference. Alternate translation: “all the creatures that live on the earth”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

וְ⁠הַ⁠מַּכְשֵׁל֖וֹת אֶת־הָ⁠רְשָׁעִ֑ים

and,the,ruins DOM the,wicked

Yahweh is using the adjective wicked as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this adjective with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “and the stumbling blocks with wicked people”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠הַ⁠מַּכְשֵׁל֖וֹת

and,the,ruins

Yahweh is speaking of idols as if they were literally stumbling blocks, that is, objects that people would trip over. He is using stumbling to mean doing what is morally and spiritually wrong. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the idols”

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

אֶת־הָ⁠רְשָׁעִ֑ים

DOM the,wicked

The implication is that the wicked people Yahweh is talking about are doing things that are morally and spiritually wrong because their actions are being guided by the values implicit in idolatry rather than by Yahweh’s law. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “with the people who are wicked because they worship idols”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / hyperbole

וְ⁠הִכְרַתִּ֣י אֶת־הָ⁠אָדָ֗ם מֵ⁠עַ֛ל פְּנֵ֥י הָ⁠אֲדָמָ֖ה

and,cut_off DOM the=humankind from=under face/surface_of the=soil

When Yahweh says that he will kill all the people who live on earth, as in verse 2, he is making an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the emphasis in a different way. Alternate translation: “and the wicked people who are disobeying me, I will punish by killing them”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

וְ⁠הִכְרַתִּ֣י אֶת־הָ⁠אָדָ֗ם

and,cut_off DOM the=humankind

Here the masculine term man has a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use language in your translation that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “and I will cut off all people”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠הִכְרַתִּ֣י אֶת־הָ⁠אָדָ֗ם

and,cut_off DOM the=humankind

Yahweh is speaking as if he were going to cut off the people who live on the earth the way one would cut a branch off from a tree. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I will destroy all people” or “and I will eliminate all people”

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

פְּנֵ֥י הָ⁠אֲדָמָ֖ה

face/surface_of the=soil

See how you translated this expression in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “the surface of the earth”