GAL 2:13 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y52
11. 126177
1. συνυπεκρίθησαν
2. sunupokrinomai
3. were acting hypocritically
4. -
5. 49420
6. VIAP3··P
7. ˓were˒ acting_hypocritically
8. ˓were˒ acting_hypocritically
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126178
1. αὐτῷ
2. autos
3. with him
4. him
5. 8460
6. R···3DMS
7. ˱with˲ him
8. ˱with˲ him
9. -
10. Y52; R126141
11. 126179
1. καί
2. kai
3. also
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126180
1. οἱ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126181
1. λοιποί
2. loipos
3. rest
4. -
5. 30620
6. S····NMP
7. rest
8. rest
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126182
1. Ἰουδαῖοι
2. ioudaios
3. of +the Youdaiōns
4. -
5. 24530
6. S····NMP
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Youdaiōns
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Jews
9. U
10. Y52; F126190; F126198; F126209; F126227; F126236; F126253; F126260; F126282; F126283; F126567; F126598; F126780; F126782; F126792; F126800; F126900; F126902; F126939; F126955; F127262; F127403; F127688; F127692; F127694; F127696; F127697; F127698; F127700; F127829; F127831; F127836; F127839; F127844; F127846; F127922; F127990
11. 126183
1. πάντες
2. pas
3. -
4. -
5. 39560
6. E····NMP
7. all
8. all
9. -
10. -
11. 126184
1. ὥστε
2. hōste
3. so that
4. -
5. 56200
6. C·······
7. so_that
8. so_that
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126185
1. καί
2. kai
3. even
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126186
1. Βαρναβᾶς
2. barnabas
3. Barnabas
4. Barnabas
5. 9210
6. N····NMS
7. Barnabas
8. Barnabas
9. U
10. Person=Barnabas; Y52; F126198; F126209; F126227; F126236; F126253; F126260; F126282; F126283; F126567; F126598; F126780; F126782; F126792; F126800; F126900; F126902; F126939; F126955; F127262; F127403; F127688; F127692; F127694; F127696; F127697; F127698; F127700; F127829; F127831; F127836; F127839; F127844; F127846; F127922; F127990
11. 126187
1. ἀπήχθη
2. apagō
3. -
4. -
5. 5200
6. VIAP3··S
7. ˓was˒ lead_away
8. ˓was˒ lead_away
9. -
10. -
11. 126188
1. συναπήχθη
2. sunapagō
3. was carried away
4. -
5. 48790
6. VIAP3··S
7. ˓was˒ carried_away
8. ˓was˒ carried_away
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126189
1. αὐτῶν
2. autos
3. of them
4. their
5. 8460
6. R···3GMP
7. ˱of˲ them
8. ˱of˲ them
9. -
10. Y52; R126183; R126141
11. 126190
1. τῇ
2. ho
3. by the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DFS
7. ˱by˲ the
8. ˱by˲ the
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126191
1. ὑποκρίσει
2. hupokrisis
3. hypocrisy
4. -
5. 52720
6. N····DFS
7. hypocrisy
8. hypocrisy
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126192

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:11–21: Paul corrected Peter in Antioch

In this section, Paul told his readers what the true gospel is. It is salvation by faith in Christ alone. Obeying the law is not part of the true gospel. Doing what the law demands does not justify anyone.

Paul told how Peter had deserted the true gospel. He wanted the Galatians to understand how they too were deserting the true gospel. They had started to think that it was necessary to obey the law to be justified. Paul wanted them to read about his rebuke to Peter so that they could recognize how their own situation was similar. They must completely reject justification through the law. He emphasized that justification is by faith in Christ alone.

This section also shows that Paul’s authority as an apostle was at least as great as Peter’s was. This section is also an indirect rebuke of the false teachers who had come to the Galatian churches and required the non-Jews to adopt Jewish traditions to be accepted as true Christians.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Paul rebukes Peter

Paul defended the truth of the gospel

Paul shows how Peter was wrong

Paragraph 2:11–13

In this paragraph, Paul wrote about an event that happened when he and Barnabas were teaching together in Antioch. (Acts 11:25–30 also talks about their time in Antioch.) During that period, Peter came to visit. While he was there, a group of Jewish Christians from Jerusalem also arrived. They did not accept uncircumcised non-Jewish believers as true Christians. While these people were in Antioch, Peter, Barnabas, and some of the other Jewish Christians decided to stop having fellowship with the uncircumcised non-Jewish believers.

Peter’s actions did not follow the truth of the gospel. So Paul rebuked him for his actions.

2:13a

The other Jews joined him in his hypocrisy,

The other Jewish believers followed Peter’s actions. They were all hypocrites.
Then the other Jewish believers there joined with Peter. They also began to act in a way that they knew was not right/correct.
The other Jewish believers in Antioch also stopped eating with the Gentiles believers. They behaved in a way that was not right just like Peter.

The other Jews: This phrase refers to the other Jewish believers in Antioch who were also eating with Gentiles.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

The other Jewish believers (GNT)

The other Christians in Antioch who were Jews

joined him in his hypocrisy: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as hypocrisy is related to the word “hypocrite.” It refers to believing/saying one thing but doing something different. Here, it indicates that Peter and the other Jews in Antioch knew that eating with Gentiles was a good thing. But in front of the Jews from Jerusalem, they pretended that they believed that it was not good. They acted in a way that they did not believe was correct. They did that because they wanted to please other people.

Some other ways to translate this verb are:

acted/behaved in a way that was not right

they began doing things that they knew were not correct

joined him: This phrase indicates that the other Jewish believers followed Peter’s example. They, too, began to have less fellowship with the Gentile believers.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

along with him (ESV)

followed Peter’s example

2:13b

so that by their hypocrisy even Barnabas was led astray.

As a result, their hypocrisy influenced/convinced even Barnabas to do the same thing!
They led even Barnabas away from doing what was right.
They caused even Barnabas to follow/join them in doing what was wrong.

so that: In this context, the Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as so that indicates a result. Peter and the other Jewish believers stopped eating with the Gentiles, and as a result, Barnabas also stopped eating with them. Here is another way to translate this:

with the result that (NASB)

Some English versions, such as the NCV, do not translate this conjunction. In some languages, it may not be necessary to translate this conjunction either.

even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy: The Greek word that the BSB translates as hypocrisy is a noun form of the verb “acted hypocritically,” which Paul used in 2:13a. (The BSB translates the verb there with the noun “hypocrisy”). It refers to the actions of Peter and the other Jews: they started to do what they knew was wrong. Their wrong actions caused even Barnabas to do what was wrong.

This clause is passive. Some ways to translate it are:

Use a passive clause. For example:
even Barnabas was influenced to join them in their hypocrisy (NLT96)
Even Barnabas was influenced by what these Jewish believers did. (NCV)
Use an active clause. For example:
Their hypocrisy led even Barnabas astray.
What they did fooled/deceived even Barnabas into doing what was wrong.
Even Barnabas went along with their hypocrisy.
Even Barnabas followed them in doing what was wrong.

even Barnabas: The Greek word that the BSB translates as even indicates that Paul was surprised at Barnabas’ actions. Because they had worked closely together, he did not expect Barnabas to do such a thing. Here is another way to translate this:

Barnabas himself

was led astray: The Greek verb that the BSB translates as led astray is used in a figurative sense. It has the meaning of being led down the wrong moral path. Barnabas was led away from the truth of the gospel to follow the example of Peter and the other Jewish believers. He, too, stopped eating with the Gentile believers. He should have known better, but he yielded to the pressure of the others.

Some other ways to translate this verb are:

was carried/pulled/dragged along

was influenced (NCV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

οἱ λοιποὶ Ἰουδαῖοι

the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί συνυπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ καί οἱ λοιποί Ἰουδαῖοι ὥστε καί Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει)

Here, the phrase the rest of the Jews refers only to the other Jewish believers who were in Antioch. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly.

Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ὥστε

so_that

Here, the phrase so that introduces the result of the hypocritical actions of Cephas (See: [2:12](../02/12.md)) and the rest of the Jews who joined with him. The result was that Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a result. Alternate translation: [with the result that]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει

˓was˒_carried_away ˱of˲_them ˱by˲_the hypocrisy

Here, the phrase led astray means to influence or convince someone to think and act in a wrong way. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: [was influenced by their hypocritical behavior] or [was influenced by their hypocritical behavior so that he also acted hypocritically] or [was influenced by their hypocritical behavior so that he also joined them in acting hypocritically]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

καὶ Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί συνυπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ καί οἱ λοιποί Ἰουδαῖοι ὥστε καί Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [they even led Barnabas astray by their hypocrisy]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει

˱of˲_them ˱by˲_the hypocrisy

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of hypocrisy, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “hypocritical,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [by their hypocritical behavior] or [by their hypocritical actions]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. -
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y52
11. 126177
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMP
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126181
1. rest
2. -
3. 30620
5. loipos
6. S-····NMP
7. rest
8. rest
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126182
1. of +the Youdaiōns
2. -
3. 24530
4. U
5. ioudaios
6. S-····NMP
7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Youdaiōns
8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Jews
9. U
10. Y52; F126190; F126198; F126209; F126227; F126236; F126253; F126260; F126282; F126283; F126567; F126598; F126780; F126782; F126792; F126800; F126900; F126902; F126939; F126955; F127262; F127403; F127688; F127692; F127694; F127696; F127697; F127698; F127700; F127829; F127831; F127836; F127839; F127844; F127846; F127922; F127990
11. 126183
1. were acting hypocritically
2. -
3. 49420
5. sunupokrinomai
6. V-IAP3··P
7. ˓were˒ acting_hypocritically
8. ˓were˒ acting_hypocritically
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126178
1. with him
2. him
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3DMS
7. ˱with˲ him
8. ˱with˲ him
9. -
10. Y52; R126141
11. 126179
1. also
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126180
1. so that
2. -
3. 56200
5. hōste
6. C-·······
7. so_that
8. so_that
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126185
1. even
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. even
8. even
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126186
1. Barnabas
2. Barnabas
3. 9210
4. U
5. barnabas
6. N-····NMS
7. Barnabas
8. Barnabas
9. U
10. Person=Barnabas; Y52; F126198; F126209; F126227; F126236; F126253; F126260; F126282; F126283; F126567; F126598; F126780; F126782; F126792; F126800; F126900; F126902; F126939; F126955; F127262; F127403; F127688; F127692; F127694; F127696; F127697; F127698; F127700; F127829; F127831; F127836; F127839; F127844; F127846; F127922; F127990
11. 126187
1. was carried away
2. -
3. 48790
5. sunapagō
6. V-IAP3··S
7. ˓was˒ carried_away
8. ˓was˒ carried_away
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126189
1. by the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····DFS
7. ˱by˲ the
8. ˱by˲ the
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126191
1. hypocrisy
2. -
3. 52720
5. hupokrisis
6. N-····DFS
7. hypocrisy
8. hypocrisy
9. -
10. Y52
11. 126192
1. of them
2. their
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3GMP
7. ˱of˲ them
8. ˱of˲ them
9. -
10. Y52; R126183; R126141
11. 126190

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 2:13

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:11–21: Paul corrected Peter in Antioch

Paragraph 2:11–13

2:13a

2:13b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)