OET interlinear GAL 3:1

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / exclamations

ὦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται Τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμούς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος)

O is an exclamation word. Use an exclamation that would be natural to use in this context. Alternate translation: [Oh]

ἀνόητοι Γαλάται

foolish Galatians

Alternate translation: [you Galatians are without understanding] or [you Galatians who are without understanding]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται Τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμούς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος)

Paul is not asking for information, but is using the question form to rebuke the Galatian believers. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / irony

τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται Τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμούς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος)

Paul is using irony to express the fact that the Galatian believers are acting as though someone has put a spell on them. He does not really believe that someone has put a spell on them. In fact, Paul is upset with the Galatians believers for willingly choosing to believe false teachers and letting themselves be deceived. If it would be helpful in your language, consider expressing the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [How can you behave as if someone has put a spell on you]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

οἷς κατ’ ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος

˱to˲_whom by (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται Τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμούς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος)

The phrase publicly portrayed is a metaphor in which Paul is either referring to the practice at that time of someone publicly drawing a picture for people to see or the practice of someone posting a public announcement for people to read. If the first option is what Paul intends then he is referring to his preaching the good news about Jesus as if it were a clear picture that the Galatians had seen with their eyes and if he intends the second option then is referring to his preaching the good news about Jesus as if it were a public announcement which he had posted and which the Galatians had read. Both options have the same general meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [you yourselves heard the clear teaching about Jesus being crucified]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος

˓was˒_publicly_portrayed ˓having_been˒_crucified

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language.