OET interlinear GAL 2:14

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

ἀλλ’

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

Here, Paul uses the word But to introduce a contrast between his actions and the wrong actions of Cephas, Barnabas, and the other Jewish believers that he described in [2:12-13](../02/12.md). Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν

not ˱they˲_˓are˒_walking_straight

Here, the word walking is a figure of speech which refers to how people act or conduct their lives. In Jewish culture a person’s behavior was spoken of as if that person was walking along a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning using plain language. Alternate translation: [they were not acting correctly] or [they were not conducting their lives correctly]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of truth, you could express the same idea in some other way that is natural in your language. See how you translated the phrase the truth of the gospel in [2:5](../02/05.md).

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / quotations

εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος, ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς, πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

This is the beginning of a direct quotation in which Paul quotes what he said to Cephas. Some Bible scholars think this quote ends at the end of this verse, while other Bible scholars think that this quotation continues until the end of [2:21](../02/21.md). Some Bible scholars think that part of Paul’s words in [2:15-21](../02/15.md) could be him summarizing what he said to Peter and the Jews who were present. The ULT uses quotation marks from this point through the end of [2:21](../02/21.md). Use a natural way in your language for indicating that Paul’s words from here to the end of [2:21](../02/21.md) are a quotation. If you decide that Paul is quoting himself only through the end of this verse, then use a natural way in your language for indicating that Paul’s words from here to the end of this verse are the complete, direct quotation.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion

εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος, ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς, πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

Paul is not asking for information, but is using the question form here to emphatically rebuke Cephas and to help Cephas understand the hypocrisy of his actions. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation, and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: [You are a Jew, and live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, and so it is very hypocritical for you to force the Gentiles to live like Jews!] or [You are a Jew, and live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, and so it is very wrong for you to force the Gentiles to live like Jews!]

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-condition-fact

εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος, ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

Paul is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Paul is saying is not certain, then you can translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: [Since you, being a Jew, live like a Gentile and not a like Jew]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

σὺ & ἀναγκάζεις

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σύ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καί οὐχ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς πῶς τά ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν)

Both occurrences of the word you in this verse refer to Peter and are singular.