Galatians 2:1 — Greek interlinear

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strong's
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Ἔπειτα
2. ἔπειτα
3. Then
4. -
5. G1899 ↗
6. D-·······
7. then
8. then
9. PS
10. Y52
11. 125951
1. διά
2. διά
3. through
4. -
5. G1223 ↗
6. P-·······
7. through
8. through
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125952
1. δεκατεσσάρων
2. δεκατέσσαρες
3. fourteen
4. fourteen
5. G1180 ↗
6. E-····GNP
7. fourteen
8. fourteen
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125953
1. ἐτῶν
2. ἔτος
3. years
4. years
5. G2094 ↗
6. N-····GNP
7. years
8. years
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125954
1. πάλιν
2. πάλιν
3. back
4. -
5. G3825 ↗
6. D-·······
7. back
8. back
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125955
1. ἀνῆλθον
2. ἀνέρχομαι
3. -
4. -
5. G424 ↗
6. V-IAA1··S
7. went_uphill
8. went_up
9. -
10. -
11. 125956
1. ἀνέβην
2. ἀναβαίνω
3. I went up
4. I
5. G305 ↗
6. V-IAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ went_uphill
8. ˱I˲ went_up
9. -
10. Y52; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125957
1. εἰς
2. εἰς
3. to
4. to
5. G1519 ↗
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125958
1. Ἱεροσόλυμα
2. Ἱεροσόλυμα
3. Hierousalaʸm
4. Yerushalem !(Jerusalem
5. G2414 ↗
6. N-····ANP
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y52; F125972
11. 125959
1. μετά
2. μετά
3. with
4. with
5. G3326 ↗
6. P-·······
7. with
8. with
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125960
1. Βαρναβᾶ
2. Βαρναβᾶς
3. Barnabas
4. Barnabas
5. G921 ↗
6. N-····GMS
7. Barnabas
8. Barnabas
9. U
10. Person=Barnabas; Y52; F126012; F126014; F126020; F126027
11. 125961
1. Βαρναβᾶς
2. Βαρναβᾶς
3. -
4. -
5. G921 ↗
6. N-····NMS
7. Barnabas
8. Barnabas
9. U
10. Person=Barnabas
11. 125962
1. συμπαραλαβών
2. συμπαραλαμβάνω
3. having taken along with
4. taking along
5. G4838 ↗
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ taken_along_with
8. ˓having˒ taken_along_with
9. -
10. Y52; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125963
1. καί
2. καί
3. also
4. -
5. G2532 ↗
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125964
1. Τίτον
2. Τίτος
3. Titos
4. Titos
5. G5103 ↗
6. N-····AMS
7. Titos
8. Titus
9. U
10. Person=Titus; Y52
11. 125965

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–10: The church leaders accepted Paul’s apostleship and his message

In this section, Paul explained to the Galatians one reason why they should hold firm to the gospel that he had taught them. He did this by telling them about the meeting that he had in Jerusalem with the apostles there. At this meeting, the apostles recognized Paul’s authority as an apostle. They also agreed that he preached the true gospel.

This meeting became necessary because of the message of some false teachers. These false teachers insisted that a person was not truly saved unless he also became circumcised and kept the laws of Moses. (See Acts 15:1–2 and Galatians 2:4.) At the meeting, the apostles agreed with Paul. They agreed that no one should force non-Jewish believers to be circumcised and obey the Law that God gave to Moses. This showed the Galatians that these teachers were wrong.

Some other possible headings for this section are:

Paul Was Accepted as an Apostle by the Leaders in Jerusalem (GW)

The apostles accept Paul

Paul’s apostleship and message

The Jerusalem leaders recognized Paul’s apostleship and message

Paragraph 2:1–5

In this paragraph, Paul told about the meeting that he and Barnabas had with church leaders in Jerusalem. In this meeting, Paul wanted to see whether the leaders would accept the message that he was teaching to Gentiles. The fact that the leaders did not require Titus, a Greek, to be circumcised showed that they accepted Paul’s message. They accepted his message in spite of some opposition from false brothers.

2:1a

Fourteen years later I went up again to Jerusalem, accompanied by Barnabas.

¶ Then fourteen years later, I went up to Jerusalem again. This time, Barnabas went with me.
¶ Then fourteen years after my first visit to Jerusalem, I returned to Jerusalem. I took Barnabas with me.

Fourteen years later: There are two ways to interpret the phrase Fourteen years later:

It means fourteen years after Paul’s previous visit to Jerusalem to see Peter in 1:18.
It means fourteen years from Paul’s conversion in 1:16.

If possible, you should translate as generally as in the BSB and the Greek. In other words, you should not specifically state from which event these fourteen years are counted. However, if you cannot leave it ambiguous, follow interpretation (1). Most scholars agree with interpretation (1).

Another way to translate this phrase is:

Then fourteen years after my visit to Jerusalem

I went up again to Jerusalem: The verb that the BSB translates as went up indicates that the city of Jerusalem was built on a hill. So anyone going to Jerusalem had to walk up or ascend the hill.

In some languages, it is important to say whether people go up or go “down” when they travel. In other languages, this will be unusual or may be confusing. If it is confusing in your language, you should simply say:

I went to Jerusalem again (GW)

The same Greek verb occurs in 1:18b.

again: The word again indicates that this was another visit that Paul made to Jerusalem.

Some ways to translate this entire clause are:

I ascended to Jerusalem again

I went back to Jerusalem once again

I returned to Jerusalem

accompanied by Barnabas: The word Barnabas is the name of a man. Barnabas had accompanied Paul on his mission trip to Galatia. He went again with Paul on this trip to Jerusalem.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

this time with Barnabas (NCV)

taking Barnabas as a companion

Barnabas went with me

2:1b

I took Titus along also.

Titus also went with me.
I also took Titus along with me/us.

I took Titus along also: The verb took…along implies that Paul and Barnabas invited Titus to go with them to Jerusalem.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

and we took Titus with us (JBP)

I also took Titus with me. (NCV)

Titus: Titus was a Greek man who became a Christian as a result of Paul’s ministry. As a Greek, a non-Jew, he was not circumcised.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-time-sequential

ἔπειτα

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἔπειτα διά δεκατεσσάρων ἐτῶν πάλιν ἀνέβην εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα μετά Βαρναβᾶ συμπαραλαβών καί Τίτον)

The word Then indicates that the events Paul will now relate came after the events just described. See how you translated the word Then in 1:18 where it is used with the same meaning.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἀνέβην εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα

˱I˲_went_up to Jerusalem

See how you translated the similar phrase “I went up to Jerusalem” in 1:18.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἀνέβην

˱I˲_went_up

Your language may say “came” rather than went in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: [I came up]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strong's
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Then
2. -
3. G1899 ↗
4. Ἔπειτα
5. ἔπειτα
6. D-·······
7. then
8. then
9. PS
10. Y52
11. 125951
1. through
2. -
3. G1223 ↗
4. διά
5. διά
6. P-·······
7. through
8. through
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125952
1. fourteen
2. fourteen
3. G1180 ↗
4. δεκατεσσάρων
5. δεκατέσσαρες
6. E-····GNP
7. fourteen
8. fourteen
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125953
1. years
2. years
3. G2094 ↗
4. ἐτῶν
5. ἔτος
6. N-····GNP
7. years
8. years
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125954
1. I went up
2. I
3. G305 ↗
4. ἀνέβην
5. ἀναβαίνω
6. V-IAA1··S
7. ˱I˲ went_uphill
8. ˱I˲ went_up
9. -
10. Y52; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125957
1. back
2. -
3. G3825 ↗
4. πάλιν
5. πάλιν
6. D-·······
7. back
8. back
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125955
1. to
2. to
3. G1519 ↗
4. εἰς
5. εἰς
6. P-·······
7. to
8. to
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125958
1. Hierousalaʸm
2. Yerushalem !(Jerusalem
3. G2414 ↗
4. Ἱεροσόλυμα
5. Ἱεροσόλυμα
6. N-····ANP
7. Hierousalaʸm/(Yərūshālayim)
8. Jerusalem
9. U
10. Location=Jerusalem; Y52; F125972
11. 125959
1. with
2. with
3. G3326 ↗
4. μετά
5. μετά
6. P-·······
7. with
8. with
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125960
1. Barnabas
2. Barnabas
3. G921 ↗
4. Βαρναβᾶ
5. Βαρναβᾶς
6. N-····GMS
7. Barnabas
8. Barnabas
9. U
10. Person=Barnabas; Y52; F126012; F126014; F126020; F126027
11. 125961
1. also
2. -
3. G2532 ↗
4. καί
5. καί
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y52
11. 125964
1. having taken along with
2. taking along
3. G4838 ↗
4. συμπαραλαβών
5. συμπαραλαμβάνω
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ taken_along_with
8. ˓having˒ taken_along_with
9. -
10. Y52; R125554; Person=Paul
11. 125963
1. Titos
2. Titos
3. G5103 ↗
4. Τίτον
5. Τίτος
6. N-····AMS
7. Titos
8. Titus
9. U
10. Person=Titus; Y52
11. 125965

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 2:1

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 2:1–10: The church leaders accepted Paul’s apostleship and his message

Paragraph 2:1–5

2:1a

2:1b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)