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OET interlinear GAL 2:12

◄ ← GAL 2:12 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. πρό
    2. pro
    3. before
    4. -
    5. 42530
    6. P·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126152
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the time
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····GNS
    7. the ‹time›
    8. the ‹time›
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126153
    1. Γάρ
    2. gar
    3. For/Because
    4. because
    5. 10630
    6. C·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y52
    11. 126154
    1. ἐλθεῖν
    2. erχomai
    3. to come
    4. -
    5. 20640
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ come
    8. ˓to˒ come
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126155
    1. τινάς
    2. tis
    3. some
    4. -
    5. 51000
    6. R····AMP
    7. some
    8. some
    9. -
    10. Y52; F126167; F126209
    11. 126156
    1. τινά
    2. tis
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 51000
    6. R····AMS
    7. someone
    8. someone
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 126157
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. from
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126158
    1. Ἰακώβου
    2. iakōbos
    3. Yakōbos
    4. -
    5. 23850
    6. N····GMS
    7. Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
    8. Jacobus
    9. U
    10. Y52
    11. 126159
    1. μετά
    2. meta
    3. with
    4. -
    5. 33260
    6. P·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126160
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GNP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126161
    1. ἐθνῶν
    2. ethnos
    3. pagans
    4. -
    5. 14840
    6. N····GNP
    7. pagans
    8. pagans
    9. -
    10. Y52; F126209
    11. 126162
    1. συνήσθιεν
    2. sunesthiō
    3. he was eating with
    4. -
    5. 49060
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ eating_with
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ eating_with
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126163
    1. συνήσθιον
    2. sunesthiō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 49060
    6. VIIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ eating_with
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ eating_with
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 126164
    1. ὅτε
    2. hote
    3. when
    4. -
    5. 37530
    6. C·······
    7. when
    8. when
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126165
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. but
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126166
    1. ἦλθον
    2. erχomai
    3. they came
    4. -
    5. 20640
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ came
    8. ˱they˲ came
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126156
    11. 126167
    1. ἦλθεν
    2. erχomai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20640
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ came
    8. ˱he˲ came
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 126168
    1. ὑπέστελλεν
    2. hupostellō
    3. he was shrinking back
    4. -
    5. 52880
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ shrinking_back
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ shrinking_back
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126169
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126170
    1. ἀφώριζεν
    2. aforizō
    3. was setting apart
    4. -
    5. 8730
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    8. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126171
    1. ἑαυτόν
    2. heautou
    3. himself
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···3AMS
    7. himself
    8. himself
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126172
    1. φοβούμενος
    2. fobeō
    3. fearing
    4. -
    5. 53990
    6. VPPM·NMS
    7. fearing
    8. fearing
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126173
    1. τούς
    2. ho
    3. the ones
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····AMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126174
    1. ἐκ
    2. ek
    3. of
    4. -
    5. 15370
    6. P·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126175
    1. περιτομῆς
    2. peritomē
    3. +the circumcision
    4. -
    5. 40610
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ circumcision
    8. ˓the˒ circumcision
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126176

OET (OET-LV) For/Because before the time some to_come from Yakōbos, he_was_eating_with with the pagans, but when they_came, he_was_shrinking_back and was_setting_ himself _apart, fearing the ones of the_circumcision.

OET (OET-RV) He’d been eating with non-Jews, but when Yacob and his companions arrived, he about-faced and started eating separately, because he was afraid of being criticised by the strict Jews.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

γὰρ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρό τοῦ Γάρ ἐλθεῖν τινάς ἀπό Ἰακώβου μετά τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν ὅτε δέ ἦλθον ὑπέστελλεν καί ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν φοβούμενος τούς ἐκ περιτομῆς)

Here, the word For introduces Paul’s reason for why he opposed Cephas to his face (See: [2:11](../02/11.md)) and for why Paul claimed in [2:11](../02/11.md) that Cephas stood condemned. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a reason. If it would be more natural in your language to state the reason for an action before giving the result, see the note for [2:11](../02/11.md) on creating a verse bridge. Alternate translation: [The reason is that] or [The reason that Peter stood condemned is that]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἐλθεῖν & ἦλθον

˓to˒_come & ˱they˲_came

Your language may say “went” rather than came in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: [went … they went]

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρό τοῦ Γάρ ἐλθεῖν τινάς ἀπό Ἰακώβου μετά τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν ὅτε δέ ἦλθον ὑπέστελλεν καί ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν φοβούμενος τούς ἐκ περιτομῆς)

Paul uses the word But here to introduce a contrast between how Peter acted before certain ones came from James and how he acted after they came. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast.

ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν

˓was˒_setting_apart himself

Alternate translation: [was staying away from the Gentile believers]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

φοβούμενος τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς

fearing (Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρό τοῦ Γάρ ἐλθεῖν τινάς ἀπό Ἰακώβου μετά τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν ὅτε δέ ἦλθον ὑπέστελλεν καί ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν φοβούμενος τούς ἐκ περιτομῆς)

If it would help your readers the reason Peter was afraid can be stated explicitly. See [6:12](../06/12.md) where Paul says that those trying to compel the Galatian believers were doing so because they did not want to be persecuted. Alternate translation: [being afraid that the unbelieving Jews might persecute him]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρό τοῦ Γάρ ἐλθεῖν τινάς ἀπό Ἰακώβου μετά τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν ὅτε δέ ἦλθον ὑπέστελλεν καί ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν φοβούμενος τούς ἐκ περιτομῆς)

See how you translated the phrase the circumcision in [2:7](../02/07.md). Here, the term the circumcision probably refers specifically to Jews who were not believers in Jesus, since it is unlikely that Peter would have feared Jewish Christians or the men whom James sent.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:12 That Peter ate with the Gentile believers was consistent with what God had shown him (Acts 10:9-16, 34-35).
• The friends of James wanted to reassert Jewish scruples and prevent the free communion between Gentiles and Jews from continuing.
• Peter wouldn’t eat with the Gentiles anymore: When Peter refused to share regular meals and the Lord’s Supper (cp. 1 Cor 11:20-22, 33-34) with fellow Christians, he divided the Jewish and Gentile Christians and implied that the Jews’ observances made them more acceptable to God. Peter’s example, if uncorrected, would have undermined the Good News of salvation by grace through faith.
• He was afraid: The friends of James intimidated Peter, who had previously withstood the same sort of criticism with power and eloquence (Acts 11:2-18). Peter might have been trying to avoid creating a barrier for the evangelism of Jews, or he might have been concerned for the safety and well-being of the Jewish Christians in Judea, who experienced persecution from non-Christian Jews (cp. 5:11; 6:12). In any case, his actions were inexcusable.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. For/Because
    2. because
    3. 10630
    4. S
    5. gar
    6. C-·······
    7. for
    8. for
    9. S
    10. Y52
    11. 126154
    1. before
    2. -
    3. 42530
    5. pro
    6. P-·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126152
    1. the time
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····GNS
    7. the ‹time›
    8. the ‹time›
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126153
    1. some
    2. -
    3. 51000
    5. tis
    6. R-····AMP
    7. some
    8. some
    9. -
    10. Y52; F126167; F126209
    11. 126156
    1. to come
    2. -
    3. 20640
    5. erχomai
    6. V-NAA····
    7. ˓to˒ come
    8. ˓to˒ come
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126155
    1. from
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126158
    1. Yakōbos
    2. -
    3. 23850
    4. U
    5. iakōbos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
    8. Jacobus
    9. U
    10. Y52
    11. 126159
    1. he was eating with
    2. -
    3. 49060
    5. sunesthiō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ eating_with
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ eating_with
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126163
    1. with
    2. -
    3. 33260
    5. meta
    6. P-·······
    7. with
    8. with
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126160
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GNP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126161
    1. pagans
    2. -
    3. 14840
    5. ethnos
    6. N-····GNP
    7. pagans
    8. pagans
    9. -
    10. Y52; F126209
    11. 126162
    1. but
    2. -
    3. 11610
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. but
    8. but
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126166
    1. when
    2. -
    3. 37530
    5. hote
    6. C-·······
    7. when
    8. when
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126165
    1. they came
    2. -
    3. 20640
    5. erχomai
    6. V-IAA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ came
    8. ˱they˲ came
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126156
    11. 126167
    1. he was shrinking back
    2. -
    3. 52880
    5. hupostellō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ shrinking_back
    8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ shrinking_back
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126169
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126170
    1. was setting
    2. -
    3. 8730
    5. aforizō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    8. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126171
    1. himself
    2. -
    3. 14380
    5. heautou
    6. R-···3AMS
    7. himself
    8. himself
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126172
    1. apart
    2. -
    3. 8730
    5. aforizō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    8. ˓was˒ setting_apart
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126171
    1. fearing
    2. -
    3. 53990
    5. fobeō
    6. V-PPM·NMS
    7. fearing
    8. fearing
    9. -
    10. Y52; R126141
    11. 126173
    1. the ones
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····AMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126174
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 15370
    5. ek
    6. P-·······
    7. of
    8. of
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126175
    1. +the circumcision
    2. -
    3. 40610
    5. peritomē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ circumcision
    8. ˓the˒ circumcision
    9. -
    10. Y52
    11. 126176

OET (OET-LV) For/Because before the time some to_come from Yakōbos, he_was_eating_with with the pagans, but when they_came, he_was_shrinking_back and was_setting_ himself _apart, fearing the ones of the_circumcision.

OET (OET-RV) He’d been eating with non-Jews, but when Yacob and his companions arrived, he about-faced and started eating separately, because he was afraid of being criticised by the strict Jews.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← GAL 2:12 ↑ → ► ║ ©